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Page 1: reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated · reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated using HOLZ pattern analysis. Each (001) plane in the aluminum borate

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��� ANALYSIS OF FINE STRESS FIELDS IN

METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES USING HOLZ

PATTERNS�

����� )M. Shibata, Y. Takemoto and I. Shimizu�

��� � THRERMEC’2006, INTERNATIONAL

CONFERENCE on PROCESSING &

MANUFACTURING OF ADVANCED

MATERIALS��

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The thermal strain of aluminum alloy composites

reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated

using HOLZ pattern analysis. Each (001) plane in the

aluminum borate whiskers was rotated towards the [020]

direction by up to 0.5©. With a unit of nearly 400 nm ×

400 nm, each (100) plane was rotated towards the [020]

direction in a corkscrew pattern. In addition the strain

and the stress caused during the fabrication of the

composites were estimated by using the finite element

methods taking into account the anisotropies in both the

CTE and the elastic modulus of the reinforcement

material.

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��( Delayed Fracture Properties of Aluminum

Bearing Ultra High Strength Low Alloy TRIP-aided

Steels

����( )Tomohiko HOJO, Koh-ichi SUGIMOTO,

Youichi MUKAI and Shushi IKEDA

����( Proceedings of The 3rd International

( Conference on Advanced Structural Steels

pp. 916-921

� ���( 899:;�=88þ8�.

���

The hydrogen absorption behavior and delayed

fracture properties of aluminum bearing ultra

high-strength low alloy TRIP-aided steels with bainitic

ferrite matrix, “TBF steel”, were investigated. When

aluminum of 0.2-1.0 mass% was added, delayed fracture

strength of the TBF steels was significantly increased.

This was caused by the existence of refined and

stabilized interlath retained austenite films which

trapped most of charged hydrogen, as well as lath

boundary and on highly distributed dislocations in the

matrix. Furthermore, it was expected that these retained

austenite films play a role of lowering the local stress

concentration by plastic relaxation due to the strain

induced transformation of retained austenite, not the

stress-induced transformation on loading.

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Page 9: reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated · reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated using HOLZ pattern analysis. Each (001) plane in the aluminum borate

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materials for white LED to obtain high color

rendering indexes( ( ( ( ( (

���( Shunsuke Nayama and Kunio Itoh

���( Journal of Light & Visual Environment(

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( We realized the white LED whose average Color

Rendering Index is as high as 94.2 by applying the

commercial Red, Yellow, Green and Blue phosphors to

near ultraviolet-LED. So far as we know, this value is

the highest ever attained in white LED around the color

temperature of 5500K. In order to realize the good

Ra(average CRI), we made a CRI simulator and

simulated the spectrum distribution of white LED with

good Ra. The spectrum distribution obtained by this

simulator was proved to be very useful as a landmark for

realizing a prototype white LED with good Ra.

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��( Study on Combination of Fluorecsent Materials

for White LED to obtain High Color Rendering

Indexes

����( )Saburo Mitsuyoshi and Kunio Itoh

��( 2005 Kosen Convention I.E.E. Japan

Record pp.37-38

� ���( 899: ; < = ¿9 .

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( The purpose of this study is to advance color

rendering indexes of white LED by using UV-LED and

commercial Red, Green, Blue and Yellow phosphors.

The target value is Ra=95 for the color temperatures

5000~6500K, which are based on AAA CRI evaluation

of fluorescent lamp. First, the CRI was calculated by

using the simulator which we developed. The simulation

result showed that Ra=96.1 was possible by using the

commercially available phosphors.As a result, we got the

highest value of Ra=95.2 with the chromatic value of

(x,y)=(0.31,0.34)(6250K). The spectra shape of

experimental result and simulation result were almost the

same.

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��( Study on Characteristics of Electrode-less Lamp

����� )Satoshi Nimata( Tadao Uetsuki

��( Light Source Workshop Ehime University,

Wonkwang University

� ���( 13th( September 2005

���

It is considered important to grasp the relationship of

The characteristics of the electrode-less lamp's plasma,

namely the induced coupling plasma, to the operating

frequency. This paper reports the relationship of the

plasma characteristics of two electrode-less lamp to the

operating frequency as the followings. (1) Ignition at 150

kHz is harder than at 13.56 Mhz. (2) Electron

temperature (Te) at 150 kHz is lower than at 13.56 MHz.

(3) Electron density distribution (Ne) of the 150 kHz

plasma is different from that of 13.56 MHz. (4) Ne

measured at the one point of the electrode-less lamp

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Page 11: reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated · reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated using HOLZ pattern analysis. Each (001) plane in the aluminum borate

operated seems not vary if the operating frequency

changes. (5) Efficacy (illumination per wattage) at 150

kHz seems lower than at 13.56 MHz

��( The Investigation of the CCFL's cathode fall

voltage characteristics

����( )Yuji Takeda&Ryota Kitamoto&Tadao

Uetsuki&Osamu Fukumasa�

��( Light Source Workshop Ehime University,

Wonkwang University

� ���( 13th( September 2005

���

The cathode fall voltage (Vc) of a Cold Cathode

Fluorescent Lamp(CCFL) was measured by our invented

measurement method. Then the relevance of the Vc

measurement method was investigated by observing the

negative glow appearance. As a result, it is recognized

that the area of negative glow covers the electrode

surface is varied with the electrode materials even if

same lamp current, and that the variation of the negative

glow area on the electrode affects the fluctuation of the

Vc when the lamp current is changed.

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Almost fifteen years have been passed since the

electrode-less lamp was put on the market. Some kinds

of the electrode-less lamps have been developed from

some companies. The trends in the development are to

get the higher lumen output and to operate this lamp at

lower frequency. In this situation it is considered very

important to grasp the relationship of the characteristics

of the electrode-less lamp's plasma to the operating

frequency. This paper reports on the difference of the

plasma characteristics of two electrode-less lamps,

which are operated at 13.56MHz and at 150kHz.

��( MÊ�Ù& 345�é�fb"À�$½¾

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� � ( A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP

BETWEEN ELECTRODE MATERIALS

AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CCFL'S

NEGATIVE GLOW PLASMA

����( )Tadao Uetsuki and Ryota Kitamoto

� � � Tsuyama Nat. Coll. of Tech., 624-1

Tsuyam,Okayama Jpn

Yuji Takeda

Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp.,5-2-1,Asahimachi

Imabari,

Ehime, Jpn

Osamu Fukumasa

Yamaguchi Univ., 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi,

Jpn

��( ICOPS 2006, Traverscity, USA

� ���( 4th-8th( June, 2006

��

CCFLs (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps) generally

used for the backlight of the LC-TV and the note-PC are

always expected the improvement of the electrode to

make more lamp current flow for getting higher

luminance. To improve the electrode to get the higher

luminance, it is very important to grasp the electron

emission ability of the cathode. Authors have considered

that the electron emission ability determined by the

nature of the material could be evaluated by the cathode

fall voltage (CFV), and that CFV has the intimate

relationship to the performance of negative glow's

(NG's) plasma. 2 kinds of electrode materials, namely Ni

and Mo, were used for this research. Though the

common electrode of CCFL is hollow cathode, the

electrode used here were in

the shape of the plate, whish had a length of 5.2mm, a

width of 1.7mm and a thickness of 0.1mm. This is

� � � � � � ���� ������

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Page 12: reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated · reinforced with aluminum borate whiskers was estimated using HOLZ pattern analysis. Each (001) plane in the aluminum borate

because it is necessary to observe the NG's plasma for

grasping the basic relationship between CFV and the

performance of NG's plasma. The lamp diameter was

4mm and had Ne (8kPa) and Hg vapor. First, the

relationship between a state of NG's plasma and

discharge current was observed for each kind of

electrode materials. The area of NG's plasma increased

to whole area of the electrode as the discharge current

increased. However the way to increase depended on the

electrode materials. Secondly, the relationship of the

CFV to the discharge current was measured. The method

to measure the CFV was developed by improving the

method for measuring the CFV of the fluorescent lamp1.

The CFV of Ni was higher than that of Mo. The ways of

the change of the CFVs were similar in the following

respect. That is to say, CFVs were constant until some

discharge current, then increased as the discharge current

increased. While, the increasing rates of CFVs were

different from each other. Authors consider that the

difference of gamma-coefficient causes the difference of

CFV's increasing rate.

1. T. Uetsuki and YuyaTerao, "Study on the

relationship of the emission performance of the

fluorescent lamp to the lighting time", 5th Lux Pacifica,

July 24-26, 2005, pp.29-32.

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when the blade or the inside of the generator becomes

damaged. We searched for indicator that would trigger

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Autonomous homogeneous multi-robot system. An

extremely important topic for this type of system is the

design of an on-line autonomous behavior acquisition

mechanism that is capable of developing cooperative

roles as well as assigning them to a robot appropriately

in a noisy embedded environment. Our approach applies

reinforcement learning that adopts the Bayesian

discrimination method for segmenting continuous state

and action spaces simultaneously. In addition, a neural

network is provided for predicting the average of the

other robots' postures at the next time step in order to

stabilize the learning environment. The proposed method

is validated through computer simulations as well as our

hand-made multi-robot system.

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fault-tolerant

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fault-tolerant autonomous multi-robot system (MRS). An

important fundamental topic for this type of system is

the design of an on-line autonomous behavior

acquisition mechanism that is capable of developing

cooperative roles as well as assigning them to a robot

appropriately in an embedded environment. Our

approach is to apply reinforcement learning that adopts

the Bayesian discrimination method for segmenting

continuous state and action space simultaneously. In

addition, a neural network is provided for predicting the

average of the other robots’ postures at the next time step

in order to stabilize the learning environment. Computer

simulations are conducted to illustrate the fault-tolerance

of our MRS against a system change that occurs after the

MRS achieves stable behavior.

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learning called BRL. BRL has( a unique feature that it

not only learns in the learning space but also( changes

the segmentation of the learning space simultaneously.

In this( paper, a new function for segmenting its action

space based on parameters( of acquired rules is adopted

to BRL in order to accelerate learning. We( verify the

performance of the proposed approach through computer(

simulations and physical experiments.

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�� �� http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02481155(

� ���( Wednesday, August 16, 2006

DOI10.1007/BF02481155 Pages95-101(((

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The human internal skeleton is referred to as an

endoskeleton, while oyster shells and the cuticles of

lobsters and crabs are referred to as exoskeletons. A

great deal of research has been conducted in an attempt

to combine these endoskeletons and exoskeletons.

However , there are hardly any instances of research

being undertaken to create a cyborg by combining

endoskeletons and exoskeletons. The human

endoskeleton consists of three kinematic pairs that are

joined together with a maximum of three degrees of

kinematic freedom. These are :

1. A turning pair on a lateral-bending axis

2. A turning pair on a longitudinal-bending axis

3. A turning pair on the central axis of a skeleton

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�Eric Rambo�(

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��� EFL Portfolios and Autonomy: a Symbiosis for

the College EFL Course

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Annual Convention

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��(

This presentation demonstrated the use of an “EFL

Portfolio” for large college English classes in Japan

(EFL=English as a Foreign Language). The portfolio

contains assessment forms and other organizational tools

that help manage day to day coursework. For example,

each time students have a discussion, they fill in the

“Discussion Evaluation” form in the portfolio. Likewise,

when they give a presentation, they fill in a “Presentation

Self-Evaluation” form. Periodically during the course the

instructor collects and reads the portfolios, and at the end

of the course assigns the portfolio a grade.

This approach encourages students to think about their

learning process and complete their work. Moreover, it

allows the instructor to see a broad range of work from

each student and provide individualized instruction. This

portfolio approach is effective in achieving specific

course goals.

��( The Effect of a Speech Contest on Student

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