related issue 1 should nation be the foundation of identity?
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Related Issue 1 Should nation be the foundation of identity?. Chapter 3 Reconciling Nationalist Loyalties How should people reconcile their contending nationalist loyalties?. All the photos show people at parades that are celebrating and aspect of a group’s identity. Aspects of Identity. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Which parade would you most likely attend? How are the people participating in these
parades expressing their nationalist loyalty? Can the same parade express both
nationalist and non-nationalist loyalties? Would you attend a parade that does not
directly express a loyalty you embrace? Would you attend a parade that expresses a
loyalty that conflicts with your own?
Loyalty Being firmly committed or faithful to
someone or something such as a cause, idea, value, nation, community, person or yourself
“allegiance”, “devotion” & “attachment”
What “loyalties” do you have? How do you show your commitment to these loyalties?
Two good friends are running for the safe office on the school council and expect your support. How would you decide which friend to vote for?
Think about the young volunteers in Katimavik, who commit to spending 9 months helping people in communities across Canada. How might joining this organization test a person’s loyalties?
How many agree with the highway being
renamed?
Firefighters and a war veteran with a Canadian flag were among the people
lining Highway 401 to honor Master Warrant Officer Mario Mercier and Master Corporal Christian Duchesne. These two
soldiers were killed in Afghanistan in August 2007. At the public’s request, the stretch of highway between Trenton and
Toronto, Ontario was renamed the Highway of Heroes. What aspect(s) of
nationalism does renaming the highway represent? What aspect(s) of nationalism do the veteran and firefighters represent?
Contending Loyalties A struggle among competing loyalties
where conflicts may be difficult to resolve
Can you think of an example of loyalties that would be contending?
Pg. 66 - Questions 1 & 2
Question 1 What are three words or phrases that
describe the idea of contending loyalties?
Question 2 Give two examples of contending loyalties
that could affect your life in the near future.
Reclaiming Inuit Names Names were changed when places were
settled and are now changing them back
Photographs Elders are trying to identify individuals in
photos that were taken of Inuit's in the 1800s
Project Naming
Names Many have reclaimed their Inuit names In the past, they were given ID numbers
to deal with the government In 1969 the number system was
abolished but the Inuit people were told they needed to pick a last name to go with their first name
How important is a name? How do you feel when someone
mispronounces your name? What is the difference between a
number and a name? What are some situations where people
are referred to by a number? How would you feel if you were referred
to by a number instead of by a name?
Read Pg. 68
1. How are the choices that Kiviaq made - and fought for – related to his Inuit identity?
2. For much of his life, Kiviaq had little contact with other Inuit. Does someone need to be immersed in a nation to be loyal to it?
Cultural Pluralism People from many nations living together
in one country Respect for cultural differences is
required Ethnic, linguistic and religious groups live
together Canada’s Cultural Pluralism =
Multiculturalism First country to adopt as official policy
Fans in Edmonton celebrate with the Chilean soccer team after their 1-0 victory over Portugal at the 2007 FIFA World Youth Championship. This tournament took place in Canada. Why do you think Canadians of Chilean heritage felt comfortable about displaying their loyalty to Chile in this way?
How far should we go as a country to encourage and promote cultural difference?
Should Canada require immigrants to give up their previous nationalist loyalties when they become Canadian citizens?
Reasonable Accommodation A legal and constitutional concept that
requires Canadian public institutions to adapt to the religious and cultural practices of minorities as long as those practices don’t violate others rights and freedoms▪ EX: Baltej Singh Dhillon was the first RCMP officer
to wear a turban and have a beard
Does this promote a sense of shared
Canadian identity & belonging?
In Quebec – 2007 Minority communities were
concerned because Asmahan Mansour was not allowed to play soccer because she was wearing a hijab
Page 71 - Questions 1 & 3
How can nationalist loyalties create conflict? You may have more than one loyalty EX: loyalty to your province and country
Newfoundland, 1916 780 soldiers of the Newfoundland
Regiment were ordered to advance in Beaumont – Hamel, France
Hundreds of them were wounded and killed
For them, this is a day of mourning. But…it is also recognized as Canada
Day.
Example Two peoples want to establish their
nation on the same territory. Israel and Palestine
What loyalties, if any, would you consider fighting for?
M.e. Cohen created this cartoon when Israeli and Palestinian leader met in Annapolis, Maryland to discuss peace in
November 2007.
How do you think
the cartoonist
feels about the chance
for a successful end to the
conflict over
territory in Israel?
*Remember from Previous Chapters* When Canada was settled, Britain took
over France’s colonies which created conflict between English and French peoples for year to come
By the 1950s, English was dominating in Quebec
Population 1851 – most were Francophone and
Quebec made up one third of Canada’s population▪ This started to change when people moved to
the United States during the 1850s The government and Catholic Church
encouraged Francophone’s to practice religion, have large families to increase the population and continue speaking the language
Language & Economic Opportunity Anglophones still dominated business,
even though they were the minority Francophone opportunities and wages
increased as they learned to speak English
The Quiet Revolution During the 1960s and 1970s the government
put social, political and social reform in place Modernized education to include science and
business Improved social programs Promoted Quebecois-owned business Changed Quebec from rural, religion focused
to a modern, urban, industrial and secular French Society
Ready for Change 1976 – The elected Parti Quebecois wanted
Quebec to separate from Canada 1977 – pass Bill 101 which made French the
only official language▪ It had to be used in all workplaces, courts and on
public and commercial signs Restricted access to English schooling To many, Bill 101 expressed Quebec
nationalism and promoted their distinct language and culture
Bill 101 and Anglophones This Bill took away bilingual rights From 1976-81 around 94 000 Anglophones
left Quebec Remaining Anglophones challenged these
laws and they were changed so that people could use both languages in court, children educated elsewhere in English could continue with English instruction and as long as French predominates, English could also be used.
Bill 101 and Francophones Since 1977 the French population, as
well as the number of families that speak French at home, has increased.
Some Francophones who have benefited economically from Bill 101 have become reluctant to separate for fear of threat to their successes.
1995 Referendum for Separation The “NO” side won with 50.52% of the
vote and Quebec remained a part of Canada
2006 58% said they would stay a part of
Canada
Sovereignists Believe Quebec is a sovereign nation
and should be politically independent of Canada
Federalists Feel Quebecois cannot be separated
from the Canadian identity and should remain a part of Canadian Confederation
Page 76
1. In your own words, explain what the phrase “contending nationalism loyalties” means.
2. Give an example of contending nationalist loyalties. Describe how serious this conflict is – or could become.
The Oka Crisis 1990 a group of Mohawks set up a
blockade to stop expansion onto “their” land
When police were ordered to break up the protest one officer was shot and killed
The conflict escalated and the army was called in to cut off protesters from the outside world
The Oka Crisis continued… Nearly all the protesters involved were
found not guilty after facing charges The Federal government transferred
land ownership to the Mohawks but the whole event left bitterness between all involved.
Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (1991) Included 4 aboriginals and 3 non-aboriginals Worked together to try and answer the
question “What are the foundations of a fair and honorable relationship between us?”
Found the main policy direction was wrong Proposed 4 principles to renew relationship
▪ Mutual recognition, respect, sharing & responsibility
Statement from Canadian Government (1998) Acknowledged Aboriginal peoples
presence in Canada for thousands of years
Admitted past governments had damaged FNMI culture and traditions
Land Claims An Aboriginal’s claim to the right to control the
land where they traditionally lived Has been one of the most intense conflicts
James Bay & Northern Quebec Agreement (1975) Quebec government wanted to build a hydro
project on Cree and Inuit land This diverted rivers and flooded traditional
hunting lands and communities
June 29, 2007 Assembly of First Nations Organized A National Day of Action was held to
highlight various issues, including outstanding land claims
Event OR Issue Help OR Hinder
The Oka Crisis
Royal Commission on Aboriginal
Peoples
The Government’s Statement of Reconciliation
Land Claims