Relationship of Gamma Oryzanol Accumulation to Anthocyanin and Nutrient Content in Purple Rice Grain

IntroductionRelationship of Gamma Oryzanol (-oryzanol) accumulation to the content of Anthocyanin (cyaniding 3-glucoside: C3G), Ash, Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF), Ether Extracted (EE) and Nitrogen Free

Extract (NFE) was evaluated in 8 purple rice local varieties (Oryza sativa L.) and two white modern varieties (Oryza sativa L.).

Panita Boonsit, Dumnern Karladee, Puntipa Pongpiachan and Suthat JulsrigivalFaculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Chiang Mai University

Material and Methods

Semi-gamma oryzanol and gamma oryzanol were estimated from an extraction of unpolished grain crude oil,

using n-hexane and ethyl acetate

C3G was extracted using 0.5%TFA in 95%ethanol

Contents were verified through a reverse-phase HPLC.

Other nutrients were evaluated using a proximate analysis

The relationships were estimated by correlation coefficient analysis.

Result

Gamma oryzanol

Semi-gamma

C3G Crude oil ASH CF CP EE

Semi-gamma 0.288

C3G 0.328 -0.139

Crude oil -0.044 -0.246 -0.245

ASH 0.338 0.389 -0.837** 0.180

CF 0.922** 0.464 -0.172 -0.085 0.519

CP 0.689* 0.233 -0.378 0.217 0.714* 0.720*

EE 0.440 0.522 -0.381 -0.109 0.679* 0.560 0.594

NFE -0.790* -0.571 0.485 0.144 -0.744* -0.888** -0.851** -0.784**

Varieties Gamma oryzanol C3G Crude oil Semi-gamma   Seed Nutrient (% dry matter)

  (mg/100g grain) (mg/100g grain) (g/100g grain) (g/100g grain) ASH CP EE CF NFE

Kumnan 73.62 42.48 2.68 2.28 1.83 10.79 3.71 1.45 82.22

Kumdoisaket 74.84 29.81 2.60 2.16 1.87 10.67 3.78 1.49 82.19

Kum 7677 62.30 98.23 2.50 2.10 1.61 9.34 2.70 1.25 85.10

Kum 99151 49.14 8.12 2.51 2.15 1.86 10.18 2.85 1.33 83.77

Kum 87061 60.48 19.25 2.24 1.84 1.67 9.55 3.20 1.30 84.28

Kumomkoi 39.84 16.80 2.36 2.32 2.02 9.49 3.80 1.24 83.44

KDML 105 30.91 Not detected 2.20 2.16 1.46 8.25 3.04 1.03 86.23

RD 6 30.45 Not detected 2.93 1.81 1.73 9.91 3.04 1.03 86.23

Mean 52.70 26.84 2.50 2.10 1.76 9.77 3.27 1.27 84.18

SD 17.84 32.29 0.24 0.19 0.18 0.82 0.44 0.17 1.59

Table 1 Gamma oryzanol content, Anthocyanin (C3G) content and seed nutrient in purple rice and white rice varieties

Table 2 correlation between gamma oryzanol, anthocyanin (C3G) and seed nutrients

• Gamma oryzanol had a positive correlation with CF and CP but negative correlation with NFE indicated, rice varieties with higher sources of cabohydrate would have less potential as a source of

gamma oryzanol.• There was no correlation between gamma oryzanol and C3G indicated, there was no linkage of both

gene control.• A negative correlation was found between C3G and Ash meant, pigmentation was no correlate with

seed nutrients.

Kumnan Kumdoisaket

Kum.7677 Kum.99151

Kum.87061 Kumomkoi

RD 6KDML 105

Conclusion