relative clauses + relative pronouns

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Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

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Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns. 1. Look at the two sentences below. The village that I go to for my holidays has a very healthy climate Mrs Smith, who you met on the train, is a nurse. 2 . Identify the relative pronouns. 1. Look at the two sentences below. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

Relative Clauses+

Relative Pronouns

Page 2: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

• The village that I go to for my holidays has a very healthy climate

• Mrs Smith, who you met on the train, is a nurse.

1. Look at the two sentences below.

2. Identify the relative pronouns.

Page 3: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

• The village that I go to for my holidays has a very healthy climate

• Mrs Smith, who you met on the train, is a nurse.

1. Look at the two sentences below.

2. Identify the relative pronouns.

Page 4: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children ___ / ____ you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book ____ / ____ I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant ____ / __ ____ we had our first date.

• Students ____ / ____ eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 5: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / ____ you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book ____ / ____ I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant ____ / __ ____ we had our first date.

• Students ____ / ____ eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 6: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book ____ / ____ I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant ____ / __ ____ we had our first date.

• Students ____ / ____ eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 7: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / ____ I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant ____ / __ ____ we had our first date.

• Students ____ / ____ eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 8: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant ____ / __ ____ we had our first date.

• Students ____ / ____ eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 9: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant where / __ ____ we had our first date.

• Students ____ / ____ eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 10: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant where / in which we had our first date.

• Students ____ / ____ eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 11: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant where / in which we had our first date.

• Students that / ____ eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 12: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant where / in which we had our first date.

• Students that / who eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people _____ house was broken into last night.

Page 13: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant where / in which we had our first date.

• Students that / who eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people whose house was broken into last night.

4. Which relative pronouns do we use for the following?

people

objects

places

possession

who / that

that / whichwhere / in which

whose

Page 14: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant where / in which we had our first date.

• Students that / who eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people whose house was broken into last night.

4. Which relative pronouns do we use for the following?

people

objects

places

possession

who / that

that / whichwhere / in which

whose

5. The sentences you just looked at all contain “Defining relative clauses”

We use “defining relative clauses” to . . .

A) Add extra informationB) Specify or identify what

thing we are referring to.

Page 15: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

3. Complete the following sentences with a relative pronoun?

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• That’s the restaurant where / in which we had our first date.

• Students that / who eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people whose house was broken into last night.

4. Which relative pronouns do we use for the following?

people

objects

places

possession

who / that

that / whichwhere / in which

whose

We use “defining relative clauses” to . . .

A) Add extra informationB) Specify or identify what

thing we are referring to.

5. The sentences you just looked at all contain “Defining relative clauses”

Page 16: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

To practise this using them we can do the following exercise

1. Think of five famous people, places or objects and write their names down. Keep them hidden from the other students.

“Practising Using Defining relative clauses”

people

objects

places

possession

who / that

that / whichwhere / in which

whose

We use “defining relative clauses” to . . .

A) Add extra informationB) Specify or identify what

thing we are referring to.

2. Now use sentences to describe each one that will help your partner guess who you are talking about.

3. Use the following to help you start your sentences and select the appropriate relative pronoun from below.

It’s someone . . . . .It’s a place . . . It’s a thing . . ..

Page 17: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

Defining relative clauses

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• Students that / who eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people whose house was broken into last night.

Sometimes we can omit the relative pronoun from defining relative clauses.

Which of the sentences above would be ok without the relative pronoun?

Page 18: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

Defining relative clauses

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• Students that / who eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people whose house was broken into last night.

Sometimes we can omit the relative pronoun from defining relative clauses.

Which of the sentences above would be ok without the relative pronoun?

Page 19: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

Defining relative clauses

When the pronoun is the object / subject of the main clause.

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• Students that / who eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people whose house was broken into last night.

Sometimes we can omit the relative pronoun from defining relative clauses.

Which of the sentences above would be ok without the relative pronoun?

What is the rule?

Page 20: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

Defining relative clauses

When the pronoun is the object / subject of the main clause.

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book that / which I lent you.

• Students that / who eat a good breakfast often do better in school.

• They are the people whose house was broken into last night.

Sometimes we can omit the relative pronoun from defining relative clauses.

Which of the sentences above would be ok without the relative pronoun?

What is the rule?

Page 21: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

• All the trees, which are 100 years old, need to be cut down

Imagine you are a tree surgeon. Your job is to maintain the woodland by getting rid of any diseased or dead trees.

On your first day, your boss gives you the following instructions.

How many trees does he want you to cut down?

A) ALL of them B) SOME of them

Page 22: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

• All the trees, which are 100 years old, need to be cut down

Imagine you are a tree surgeon. Your job is to maintain the woodland by getting rid of any diseased or dead trees.

On your first day, your boss gives you the following instructions:

How many trees does he want you to cut down?

A) ALL of them B) SOME of them

What about if he said this instead?

• All the trees that are 100 years old need to be cut down

A) ALL of them B) SOME of them

Page 23: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

• All the trees, which are 100 years old, need to be cut down

Imagine you are a tree surgeon. Your job is to maintain the woodland by getting rid of any diseased or dead trees.

On your first day, your boss gives you the following instructions:

How many trees does he want you to cut down?

A) ALL of them B) SOME of them

What about if he said this instead?

• All the trees that are 100 years old need to be cut down

A) ALL of them B) SOME of them

ONLY the ones that are 100 years old!

Page 24: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

Look at the example sentences. What is IMPLIED in each sentence? Is there a difference in meaning between the two?

I sent my girlfriend, who likes flowers, a bunch of roses on Valentine’s Day.

I sent my girlfriend that likes flowers a bunch of roses on Valentine’s Day.

( I sent a diamond necklace to the one that likes jewellery.)

Page 25: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

All the children, who didn’t do their homework, will be punished.

All the children that didn’t do their homework will be punished.

(SOME of them did the homework, and so only SOME will be punished)

(NONE of them did it and ALL of them will be punished)

Look at the example sentences. What is IMPLIED in each sentence? Is there a difference in meaning between the two?

Page 26: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

1. All the trees, which are 100 years old, need to be cut down

2. All the trees that are 100 years old need to be cut down

non defining relative clause

defining relative clause

______________ are used to add information about something.______________ specify or identify what thing we are referring to.

Summary of use

What do we call these types of clauses?

non defining relative clausesdefining relative clauses

Page 27: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

• My PE teacher, who was an Olympic champion, says exercise is good for you

• Mrs Smith, who you met on the train, is a nurse.

• My house, which is over there, has a beautiful garden.

• The children who you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book which I lent you.

Look at the example sentences. Do they contain defining or non defining relative clauses? Defining!

What about these? Non defining!

What difference can you see between the two types? Commas around the clause

Page 28: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

• My PE teacher, who was an Olympic champion, says exercise is good for you

• Mrs Smith, who you met on the train, is a nurse.

• My house, which is over there, has a beautiful garden.

• The children who you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book which I lent you.

Look at the example sentences. Do they contain defining or non defining relative clauses? Defining!

What about these? Non defining!

In which ones could you replace the relative pronoun with “that”?

What difference can you see between the two types? Commas around the clause

Only the defining!

Page 29: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

• My PE teacher, who / that was an Olympic champion, says exercise is good for you

• Mrs Smith, who / that you met on the train, is a nurse.

• My house, which / that is over there, has a beautiful garden.

• The children who / that you’ve been talking to all go to the same school.

• Have you still got the book which / that I lent you.

Look at the example sentences. Do they contain defining or non defining relative clauses? Defining!

What about these? Non defining!

In which ones could you replace the relative pronoun with “that”?

What difference can you see between the two types? Commas around the clause

Only the defining!

Page 30: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

Tip for the UOE

When you see a gap that needs a relative pronoun in the UOE part 2 that has a comma before it, you cannot use _________.THAT

people

objects

places

possession

who / that

which / thatwhere / in which

whose

Defining relative clauses Non defining relative clauses

people

objects

places

possession

who / that

which / thatwhere / in which

whose

• The vase, ______ was discovered by a team of scientists in 1980, is thought to have

belonged to a wealthy family of the region.

So which relative pronouns would go here?

• The scientists, ______ had been studying the area for many years, were very surprised to

find the vase in such good condition .

which

who

Page 31: Relative Clauses + Relative Pronouns

To practise this using them we can do the following exercise

“Practising using NON defining relative clauses”

1. Add information between the commas. Use the relative pronouns below.

2. Go around the class adding extra information. You must remember what the previous people have said, and add your own too.

Non defining relative clauses

people

objects

places

possession

who / that

which / thatwhere / in which

whose

Barcelona, , is a city by the sea