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TRANSCRIPT
RELATIVE
PRONOUNS
Grammar topic
Istituto Sant’Angela Merici - Milano
They introduce relative clauses.
A relative clause tells us which person or thing
the speaker means/ refers to.
WHO
WHICH
WHOSE
THAT
What is a RELATIVE PRONOUN?
• A relative pronoun is a pronoun that introduces a
relative clause.
• Relative pronouns “relate” to the word that it
modifies or describes.
• We use relative pronouns after a noun to make it
clear which person or thing we are talking about.
• There are five relative pronouns that we are going to
focus on: who, whose, which, and that.
Who / that: refer to people
• Those people live next door. They have 16 children.
• The people who /that live next door have 16
children.
Example:
Josh is a boy who loves to paint.
He likes to stay inside when it is
raining and draw and paint all day
long.
Josh is a boy who loves to paint.
He likes to stay inside when it is
raining and draw and paint all day
long.
Who is the relative pronouns describing the boy.
Who begins the relative clause “who loves to paint”.
WHOSE
Whose is the only relative pronoun to show
possession or ownership!
Look at the following examples.
• The man whose briefcase is on the seat left
in a hurry.
• The woman whose hair was in a mess is in
the restroom.
WHOSE = possessive adjectives
with people, objects and animals
• That’s the woman- her house caught fire yesterday.
• That’s the woman whose house caught fire yesterday.
• That’s the house- its entrance is guarded.
• That’s the house whose entrance is guarded.
• CAN NEVER BE OMITTED
Use relative pronouns (who, whose, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why).I CAN use relative pronouns correctly.
ModelStudents ____________ parents are here get a homework pass.
Guided PracticeLance and Davion are the boys _____________ went to the office for a prize.
The police are looking for the car _________ owner ran the stop sign and caused the crash.
Independent PracticeComplete the independent practice sheet for Lesson 2.
Work Session
who whose
who whose
who whose
whose
who
whose
Use relative pronouns (who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why).I CAN use relative pronouns correctly.
Find My Mistake Activity
Closing
You are the teacher. You are checking behind a new student teacher who has just checked a recent quiz. Is the student teacher correct?
1. The man who has on the sunglasses is my father.
2. The boy whose phone just rang is my brother.
3. The woman whose has on the red scarf is my mother.
Go to the next slide to see if you are correct.
ELACC4L1 a. Use relative pronouns (who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why).I CAN use relative pronouns correctly.
Find My Mistake Activity
Closing
You are the teacher. You are checking behind a new student teacher who has just checked a recent quiz. Is the student teacher correct?
1. The man who has on the sunglasses is my father.
2. The boy whose phone just rang is my brother.
3. The woman whose has on the red scarf is my mother.
The student teacher didn’t check number 3 correctly. It should say “The woman who has on the red scarf is my mother.”
Which / that: refer to things
• A turtle is an animal. It lives in the sea.
• A turtle is an animal which / that lives in the sea.
Which tells more about things.
It is used when the clause added is unnecessary or
nonessential to the sentences understanding.
Notice the comma before the word which.
Look at the following examples.
• Jacob went to the movies, which started at three
o’clock.
• Jack ate a chocolate covered donut, which is full of
sugar.
That tells more about people or things.
It is used when the clause added is
necessary or essential to the sentence.
Since the clause is essential, no comma is necessary.
Look at the following examples.
• The pants that Tobi wore are too short.
• Lyra can not eat foods that contain too much sugar.
SUBJECT OF RELATIVE
CLAUSE
• I know a man. He is a lawyer.
• I know a man who / that is a lawyer.
• A dog ran away. A dog is mine.
• The dog which /that ran away is mine.
• CAN NEVER BE OMITTED
OBJECT OF RELATIVE CLAUSE
• I spoke to a man. I had met him before.
• I spoke to a man (whom/who/that/--) I had metbefore.
• That’s the book. I read it last summer.
• That’s the book (which/that/ --) I read lastsummer.
Use relative pronouns (who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why).I CAN use relative pronouns correctly.
ModelThe woman _______ interviewed you is my boss.
Guided PracticeShe is wearing the kind of dress _________my mother would approve of.
The couch, __________________ is by the wall, needs repairing.
Independent PracticeComplete the independent practice sheet for Lesson 3.
Work Session
who which
who that
that which
who
that
which
PREPOSITIONS (usually avoid
prep. Before relative pronouns)
• That’s the car for which I paid $2,000. ( more
formal)
• That’s the car which / that I paid $2,000 for. (more
usual)
• That’s the car I paid $2,000 for. (everyday English)
The Jeffersons live next door.
The Jeffersons, who own a Jaguar, live next door.
My cat is called Monty.
My cat, which I found on the street, is called Monty.
RELATIVE ADVERBS• WHERE
• WHEN
• WHY: THE REASON WHY
• I didn’t get a pay rise – that was the reason why I left.
• I didn’t get a pay rise – that was the reason (that) I left.
WHERE
• WHERE: refers to
place, after nouns like:
place, house, street,
town and country.
• The street where we
used to play is very busy
now.
• The street (which
/that) we used to play
in is very busy now
• WHEN: refers to time,
after nouns like: time,
period, moment, day…
• I’ll never forget the day
when I first met him.
• I’ll never forget the day
(that) I first met him.
WHEN
Enjoy your learning!
your English teacher