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AD-A236 693 NAVAL WAC OLLEGE i >- "NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND

RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE

by

R.E. LOVE

MAJOR, UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS

A paper submitted to the faculty of the Naval War College in partial satisfaction of the requirements of the Department of Operations.

The contents of this paper reflect my own personal views and are not necessarily endorsed by the Naval War College or the Department of the Navy.

Signa ture ____

21 June 1991

, :: -.. k] I- Paper directed by Captain Dunne, USN

and --.. .... . . . CDR Codner, RN

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i ~~~~~~~~ 0^ li\ I II III|||

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11 TITLE (Include Security Classification)

RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE (U)

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MAJOR ROBERT E. LOVE, UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS 13a. TYPE OF REPORT 13b TIME COVERED 14. DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month, Day) 15 PAGE COUNT

FINAL FROM TO 910211 31 16 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION A paper submitted to the Faculty of the Naval War College in partial satisfac on of the requirements of tha Depart ent of 0pe e cote or.this 8ayfr relect own personai views anu ar no? necessary en orseo y he eaval war ~o iege or the uepartment of the Navy.

17. COSATI CODES 18 SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP RCM, PM, CM, Reliability, Maintenance

19 ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number)

This paper addresses the requirement for Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) in fielded weapon systems. While Reliability Centered Maintenance is incorporated into developing weapon systems through the Logistics Support Analysis process it is not fully utilized in the post production process. Systems fielded with the benefit of Reliability Centered Maintenance are not routinely revisited to ensure that the inherent reliability of the system is being achieved. Preventive maintenance tasks are modified primarily as a result of user response and not through the integrated use of usage data and viable engineering analysis. The use of Reliability Centered Maintenance as an alternative maintenance strategy, service wide, is recommended to ensure that the inherent reliability of a weapon system is realized at minimum cost.

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ABSTRACT

This paper addresses the requirement for Reliability Centered

Maintenance (RCM) in fielded weapon systems. While RCM is

incorporated into developing weapon systems through the Logistics

Support Analysis (LSA) process, it is not fully utilized in the

post production process. Systems fielded with the benefit of RCM

are not routinely revisited to ensure that the inherent

reliability is being achieved. Preventive maintenance tasks are

modified, primarily as a result of user response and not through

the integrated use of usage data and viable engineering analysis.

The use of Reliability Centered Maintenance as an alternative

maintenance strategy, service wide, is recommended to ensure that

the inherent reliability of a weapon system is realized at minimum

cost.

ii

91-01538 049~E luli li 1311111 l llo4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

ABSTRACT......................................... ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................i.1

I INTRODUCTION............................ 1

II HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ................... 3

III RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE ........ 5 Overview.............................. 5 Concept............................... 6 Preventive Maintenance ................. 7 Failure Analysis ....................... 9 Failure Modes Effects and Criticality Analysis .................. 10

IV RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE PROCESS................................. 12

Age Exploration ....................... 14 Packaging of Maintenance Tasks ........ 15

V POST PRODUCTION APPLICATION ............. 17 Reliability.......................... 17 Fielded Equipment ..................... 18 Auditing............................. 24

VI CONCLUSIONS............................ 25

ENDNOTES......................................... 27

BIBLIOGRAPHY..................................... 28

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

"The limitation imposed upon operations by logistics represents the final limit of a commander's plan of action."

Sound Military Decision, 1942

The traditional approach to performing preventive maintenance

is to acknowledge the relationship between the age of a particular

item and its life expectancy. Historically, this meant that at a

certain point in the life of an item it would be rebuilt or

replaced regardless of its actual condition. Maintenance was

performed on a time directed criteria (e.g. bimonthly, annually

etc.). A significant amount of time and effort would be expended

bringing the item into a maintenance facility, taking the

appropriate action, and returning the asset to service. An

additional cost could be attributed to the loss of the operational

availability of the item during the period of servicing. This

paper will present the Reliability Centered Maintenance concept as

an alternative maintenance strategy for developing and or refining

preventive maintenance tasks and schedules.

The concept of Reliability Centered Maintenance evolved as an

alternative to the traditional approach in an effort to restore

the inherent reliability of a system at the minimum cost.

Reliability Centered Maintenance is used by all services in the

Logistics Support Analysis (LSA) process. While LSA and

Reliability Centered Maintenance serve as a fundamental

1

requirement in systems design and development, the Reliability

Centered Maintenance concept has not been accepted into the post

production phase of a weapon systems life. Although current

directives require its use, Reliability Centered Maintenance has

not been accepted for refinement or development of preventive

maintenance tasks in the post production phase of a weapon systems

life cycle.

The reader is presented with sufficient information to

understand the Reliability Centered Maintenance program,

appreciate its' capabilities and potential value added to

applicable weapon systems. Chapter II of this paper reviews the

historical basis for the Reliability Centered Maintenance program.

Chapter III provides the reader with an overview of the underlying

concept behind Reliability Centered Maintenance, to include a

discussion of preventive maintenance and failure analysis.

Chapter IV describes the principle methodologies involved in the

process. Chapter V is a discussion of post production application

of Reliability Centered Maintenance based on the preceding

chapters. Conclusions are presented in the last chapter and

suggest that Reliability Centered Maintenance is a viable

maintenance strategy for post production weapon systems.

2

CHAPTER II

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

In 1968 the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) expressed a

desire to utilize a new concept in the initial maintenance program

for the Boeing 747. This concept, later to be known as the

Management Steering Group-i (MSG-1), was integrated into the

design of the Boeing Maintenance Plan. The plan was further

refined by the Air Transport Association in 1970 and re-published

as Management Steering Group-2. The objective of MSG-1 and MSG-2

was to develop a scheduled maintenance program to maximize safety

and reliability at the lowest cost. MSG-2 was applied to the

development of the DC-1O aircraft. A comparison of scheduled

maintenance actions (overhaul) was conducted between the DC-1O and

the DC-8. The DC-8 had been developed using the traditional

approach while the DC-1O had the benefit of Reliability Centered