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Hydroprocessing Introduction

RELIANCE OCT 2009

PRESENTED BY: S. L. Lee

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What is Hydroprocessing?What is Hydroprocessing?

• The treatment of an hydrocarbon (fraction) with hydrogen in

the presence of a catalyst at elevated temperatures and

pressures to achieve the following:

 – Removal of “impurities” (e.g. sulphur, aromatics, heavy metals)

 – Improvement of quality (e.g. smoke point, cetane, density,

colour, cold flow)

 – Conversion of low to higher value products (e.g. diesel, naphtha)

• Reformer pretreaters, hydrodesulphurisation units, aromatics

saturation units, hydrocrackers, residue hydrotreaters

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Hydroprocessing in RefineriesHydroprocessing in Refineries

To comply with Government regulations on product specs.

• upgrading the quality of refinery fuel products.

• converting low valued streams into high margin products.

   Increase profitability

Why do refineries operate Hydroprocessing Units?

To meet demand by…….

To prepare feed for downstream units

• FCC unit

• reformer, isomerisation units

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Hydroprocessing UnitsHydroprocessing Units

Hydrocracking

Tail gas treating

Resid Upgrade To HCU/ DHT / NHTLow sulfur fuel oil

 Naphtha HT Reforming gasoline

Distillate HTdiesel/jet

FCCMHC / FCC-PTgasoline

     A

    t    m

   c   o     l   u    m

   n

     V   a   c   c   o     l   u

   m   n

Crude

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Simplified Process Flow

Scheme Hydrotreating unit

Simplified Process Flow

Scheme Hydrotreating unit

NaphthaNaphtha

DieselDiesel

Recycle

Gas

Fresh Feed

Makeup Gas

H2S

Scrubber 

Wash Water 

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Program

Building the “ HPC house”

Program

Building the “ HPC house”

Unit Operations

& Kinetics

Flow Distribution

&

Catalyst Loading

ULSD

Catalyst Deactivation

Optimising

Complex

performance

Troubleshooting

Catalyst Structure & Functions

Reaction Mechanisms

Unit

Monitoring

Coker Nap

MidDist HT

CatalystSulphiidingVGO

FCC PT

MHC

LCO

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The Hydroprocessing CourseThe Hydroprocessing Course

Objectives :

to transfer knowledge and know-how on key parameters

in hydroprocessing.

to (re-) introduce Albemarle Catalyst

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The Hydroprocessing CourseThe Hydroprocessing Course

 At the end of the course……

understand the fundamentals of hydroprocessing

understand the main operating parameters that affect

hydrotreating

gain insight into optimisation of your hydrotreater 

methodology in troubleshooting

get the telephone number of your Albemarle

representative in case you need to call….!!!!!!

…..and last but not least