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BRITISHNESS OF RELIGION IN UK and Former

British Empire

National churches

Typical Church of England  church !hrist !hurch" She##ield"

En$land

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The %rotestant Re#ormation esta&lished di##erent reli$ious practices

in the di##erent countries o# the United Kin$dom

•

The !hurch o# En$land o##icially esta&lished !hristian !hurch'the Mother Church o# the (orld(ide )n$lican !ommunion

o It considers itsel# to &e &oth !atholic and re#ormed

• The !hurch o# Scotland" *no(n in#ormally The Kir*" is the national

church o# Scotland +%res&yterian , the Scottish re#ormation- reco$ni.ed

&y The !hurch o# Scotland )ct in /01/2

• The !hurch o# 3ales" +Yr Eglwys yng Nghymru2" is a mem&er !hurch o#

the )n$lican !ommunion

• The )n$lican !hurch o# Ireland ' an autonomous pro4ince o# the

)n$lican !ommunion" operatin$ across &oth Northern Ireland and the

Repu&lic o# Ireland5

• the %res&yterian !hurch o# Ireland

• the 6ethodist !hurch mo4ement traces its ori$in to the E4an$elical

a(a*enin$ in the /7th century

•

• Roman !atholic !hurch has separate national churches #or En$land"

3ales and Scotland (hich #ace o##icial discrimination in the early years

o# UK 

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• Non con#ormist +8issenters2 trace &ac* #rom the mid9/:th

century" (hen !hristians (ho opposed State inter#erence in

reli$ious matters" &ro*e a(ay #rom the !hurch o# En$land in

the /;th" /<th and /7th centuries5 Today these include

o Baptist

o %res&yterian

o !on$re$ational church

o 6ennonite

o Unitarians

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According to the 2001 UK census, Christianity is the major religion,

followed by

• Islam,

North London !entral 6os=ue" Fins&ury %ar*5

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• Hinduism"

The Neasden Temple is the second lar$est temple o# Hinduism in Europe

• Si*hism

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• >udaism

Sin$ers Hill Syna$o$ue" Birmin$ham

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Buddism

Ka$yu Samye Lon$ 6onastery and Ti&etan !entre

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• Bah?@A Faith  monument o#

Sho$hi E##endi

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Rasta#arianism +Rasta2

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The Rasta#ari (ear loc*s as an

epression o# inner spirituality and to emphasi.e their identity

8readloc*s" also called loc*s or dreads" are hea4y matted coils o# hair (hich

#orm &y themsel4es e4entually #usin$ to$ether to #orm a sin$le dread

Neo9pa$anism um&rella term f or modern religious movements in the

industrialized countries, ranging from polytheism to animism, to

 pantheism and other paradigms

/5 3icca

15 Neo9druism

C5 Germanic Neopa$anism

:5 Sla4ic neo9%a$anism

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) $roup o# En$lish neo9pa$anists +druids2

• %entecostal churches are no( third a#ter the !hurch o# En$land and

the Roman !atholic !hurch in En$land5

• Orthodo !hurch +more recently introduced to the UK &y Gree*"

!ypriot" Russian" and other immi$rants co4erin$ Eastern and Oriental

orthodo2

o there are also the )rmenian )postolic church" theSer&ian Orthodo !hurch and the U*rainian Orthodo

!hurch all in London

o !optic Orthodo parishes

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the !athedral o# the 8ormition o# the 6ost9Holy 6other o# God &uilt in /00<

in traditional Russian architectural style

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A !urobarometer o"inion "oll in 200# re"orted that$

• %&' (believe there is a )od(,

•

*0' believe there is (some sort of s"irit or life force( and

• 20'$ (+ dont believe there is any sort of s"irit, )od or life force(

) sur4ey in 1DD< su$$ested that

:1 o# adults resident in the UK prayed" (ith one in si

prayin$ on a daily &asis

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Follo(in$ the )merican Re4olution and the epansion o# the British

Empire in the /<th century the !hurch o# En$land and associated

Episcopal churches in Ireland and in En$land de4eloped in

• -UA

• Canada

• Africa

• Australasia

• .acific +slands

o inde"endent church with their own bisho"s

o self/governing structures

o activity of Christian missions

o he oo3 of Common .rayer 4 a collection

of services that worshi""ers in most

Anglican churches ac3nowledged as one of

the ties that bind the Anglican Communion together 

o each national or regional Anglican church

has full autonomy

o the third largest Christian communion in the

world, after the 5oman Catholic and the

!astern 6rthodo7 Church

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%atron Saints

Saint Geor$e , En$land

Saint Geor$e a Roman soldier in the Guard o# Emperor 8iocletian" 4enerated

as a !hristian 6artyr

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-aint )eorge is one of the most venerated saints in the Anglican Church,

!astern 6rthodo7 Church, 6riental 6rthodo7 Church, and the !astern

Catholic Church 8e is immortalized in the tale of )eorge and the

9ragon and is one of the :ourteen 8oly 8el"ers 8is memorial iscelebrated on 2% A"ril 8e is regarded as one of the most "rominent

military saints

King !dward +++ ;1%2< = 1%<<> was 3nown for "romoting the codes of

3nighthood and in 1%*& founded the 6rder of the )arter 9uring his

reign, )eorge came to be recognized as the "atron saint of the !nglish

monarchy

+n the 1?th century, @illiam -ha3es"eare firmly "laced -t )eorge withinthe national conscience in his "lay 8enry in which the !nglish troo"s

are rallied with the cry B)od for 8arry, !ngland and -t )eorge, and

!dmund -"enser included -t )eorge ;5edcross Knight> as a central

figure in his e"ic "oem he :aerie Dueen

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Saint )ndre( , Scotland

Icon o# the )postle Saint )ndre(- the patron saint o# Scotland +No4em&er" CD2

!hristian )postle and the youn$er &rother o# Saint %eter The name

)ndre( +#rom Gree* )ndreia" manhood" or 4alour2" li*e other Gree*

names" appears to ha4e &een common amon$ the >e(s #rom the second or

third century B!5

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The Saltire +or St5 )ndre(s !ross2 is the national #la$ o# Scotland

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Saint 8a4id +3elsh98e(i Sant2 church official later regarded as a

 "atron saint of @ales 9avid is a native of the country of which he is

 "atron saint, and a relatively large amount of information is 3nown about

his life

St5 8a4id as teacher of -t :innian in a stained glass window at Clonard

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Saint %atric* +%E0 / *?0> ;Fatin$ Patricius, +rish$ Naomh Pádraig >$

5oman ritain born Christian missionary "atron saint of +reland, along

with ridgit of Kildare and Columba

.ious legend credits .atric3 with banishing sna3es from the island

Green ri&&ons and shamroc*  are worn in celebration of -t .atric3s

9ay

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St5 %atric*s 8ay" Ireland

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)ccordin$ to le$end" St5 %atric* used

the shamroc*" a three9lea4ed plant" to eplain the Holy Trinity to the pre9!hristian Irish people

The !hica$o Ri4er is dyed $reen each year #or the St5 %atric*s 8ay

cele&ration

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Reli$ion and education

o Reli$ion is hea4ily in4ol4ed (ith a si$ni#icant num&er o# the

state #unded schools" maority &ein$ !hristian +and mainlyeither o# !hurch o# En$land or Roman !atholic25

o The Education )ct /0:: introduced a re=uirement #or a daily

act o# collecti4e (orship and #or reli$ious education5

o Reli$ious studies are o&li$atory su&ect in the curriculum" &ut

tend to aim at pro4idin$ an understandin$ o# the main #aiths o# 

the (orld than at instillin$ a strictly !hristian 4ie(point5

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Secularism and tolerance

) syna$o$ue and mos=ue side &y side in London5

o he -ociety in the United Kingdom is mar3edly more secular than in the "ast he number of churchgoers fell over the last half of the 20th century

8owever, According to the 2001 census,

o <1?' of "o"ulation declared themselves to be Christian,

o 2<' as Guslim

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o 1' as 8indu

o 6nly 1##' said they had (no religion( and <%' did not re"ly to the

Huestion

The Racial and Reli$ious Hatred )ct 1DD; made it an offence

to incite hatred against a "erson on the grounds of their religion

he common law offences of blas"hemy and blas"hemous libel

were finally abolished with the coming into effect of the

!riminal >ustice and Immi$ration )ct 1DD7

o no strict se"aration of church and state in the United

Kingdom

o  "ublic officials may in general dis"lay religioussymbols in the course of their duties

o -chool uniforms codes are generally drawn u"

fle7ibly enough to accommodate com"ulsory

items of religious dress

some schools have banned wearing the

crucifi7 since wearing a crucifi7 is not a

reHuirement of Christianity