renaissance. vocabulary emphasis – důraz urban palaces – městské paláce marble – mramor...
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Renaissance
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Vocabulary
Emphasis – důrazUrban palaces – městské paláceMarble – mramorPeristyle – sloupořadíVault – klenbaDome – kupolaGround plan – půdorysChiaroscuro – šerosvitstill life - zátiší
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Characteristics
14. century – 16. century
Main features: • Emphasis on man• turns back to the Antiquity• Scenes of everyday activities• Religious motives• art is national
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• symmetry• proportion• geometry
Architecture
New types of buildings: urban palaces and villas The use of new materials: marble and brick New architectural elements:
Peristyle - sloupořadí Vault - klenba Dome Staircase
A new kind of decoration → fasade - sgrafiti
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ArtThemes:• Religious • scenes from everyday lifeNew genres:• Portraits• Landscape or still life (zátiší)• Mythological motives• Human anatomyTechniques:• Tridimensionality and chiaroscuro• Used multiple colorsRepresentatives:• Leonardo da Vinci• Michelangelo• Sandro Botticelli• Piero della Francesca• Pieter Brueghel
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Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)
Types of paintings: Early works Paintings of the 1480s Paintings of the 1490s Paintings of the 1500s Scientific studies and
anatomy Engineering and inventions
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Sculpture
• dynamic movement• respect for anatomy
Representatives:• Donatello• Michelangelo Buonarotti (statue
of David)
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ScienceAlchemy
• found a method of transmuting lead into gold
• Representative: PARACELSUS
Alchemist and physician Treatment of syphilis Coined the word “zinc“ and
“Alcohol”
Astronomy
• Representative:Nicolaus COPERNICUS
• New idea: The Earth revolves around the Sun
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LiteratureItaly
Dante Alighieri The Divine Comedy
Giovanni Boccaccio Decameron Life of Dante
Francesco Petrarca Song book
France Francois Villon
Small testament Grand testament
Francois Rabelais Gargantua and Pantagruel
England Geoffrey Chauser
Troilus and Cryseida Canterbury Tales
William Shakespeare 39 plays 154 sonnets
Spain Miguel de Cervantes
Don Quixote de la ManchaFox Pedro
Lope de Vega Fuente Ovejuna Fools of Valencia
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Music
Main forms of sacred m.:MassesMotets
Main forms of secular m.:MadrigalsSongs
3 generations of R. music• 1.
– Isometric motet– development of the Mass and
chanson Guillaume Dufay
• 2.– development of compositional
techniques– CRAYFISH technique– MIRROR technique– combination of the 2
Johannes Ockeghem• 3.
– peak in the compositional skills – free imitation Josquin Desprez
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Music instruments
• The Brass:• Slide trumpet(1.)• Cornett(2.)• Sackbut
• Plucked:• Jew´s harp(3.)
• Woodwinds(aerophones):• Shawm(4.)• Reed pipe• Horn pipe(5.)
• Strings:• Viol• Lute(6.)• Lyre(7.)• Irish harp(8.)• Hurdy-gurdy(9.)• Zither(10.)
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Fashion• symmetry and proportion• the beauty and refinement of textiles