renewable energy implementation, challenges and … · renewable energy implementation, challenges...

Renewable Energy Implementation, Challenges and Solutions Kenneth A. Donohoo, P.E. Director, System Planning Distribution and Transmission Oncor Electric Delivery Company LLC [email protected] Center for the Commercialization of Electric Technologies Deployment of Large-Scale Renewable Resources in ERCOT Friday, December 10, 2010 Austin, Texas

CCET Presentation Ken Donohoo 12/10/2010 2

ONCOR SYSTEM “Wires Only” Company formerly known as TXU

Electric Delivery (DPL, TESCO & TPL) Largest transmission and distribution system

operator in Texas More than 6,200 Transmission Circuit Breakers More than 970 Stations More than 1,550 Power Transformers More than 170 Autotransformers More than 15,127 miles of Transmission: 5,173 circuit miles of 345 kV 7,010 circuit miles of 138 kV 2,946 circuit miles of 69 kV

More than 102,000 miles of distribution lines Delivers power to approximately 3 million homes

and businesses Employs 3,400 people Keeps the lights on for more than 7 million Texans


ERCOT SYSTEM SUMMARY Electric Reliability Council of Texas

(ERCOT) manages the flow of electric power to 22 million Texas customers

85 percent of the state's electric load and 75 percent of the Texas land area

2010 Peak Demand 65,776 MW 2009 Energy 308,277,759 MWh Schedules power on an electric grid

that connects 40,000 miles of transmission lines and more than 550 generation units

Manages financial settlement for the competitive wholesale bulk-power market and administers customer switching for 6.5 million Texans in competitive choice areas


Our Market

Competitive ERCOT market since 2002

Nodal Market Go-Live December 1, 2010

New Peak demand in 2010, 2.7% increase

Regulated

Transmission and Distribution


CREZ TIMELINES

Interim Order CREZ Designations

(Aug 2007)

Transmission Optimization Study Complete - ERCOT

(April 2, 2008)

2009 2008 2007

Designate/Qualify TSPs – PUC

(2nd – 4th Qtr 2008)

Line Routing & CCN Preparation

PUC Approves CCNs

CREZ Transmission Plan Approved – PUC

(July, 2008)

“Where are the good wind zones in Texas…”

“Which TSPs will build”

2011 - 2013 2010

“What needs to be built to meet PUC scenarios”

Priority CCNs Filed

All Other CCNs Filed

“How much transmission will be built”

CONCEPTUAL PLANNING IMPLEMENTING REALITY

CREZ Reactive Study

ROW Acquisition, Procurement, & Project Construction

“Getting projects completed”


: Default : Priority

18,456 MW Scenario 2

Plan 345 kV


Texas Leading Nation In Renewable Energy

• Over 9,000 MW of renewable generation in operation • Greater than 20% penetration levels achieved at lower load levels • Significant swings in actual operations

• Renewable Portfolio Standard in effect (1997 & 2005 sessions) • 2015 standard already surpassed (5,880 MW) • Will exceed 2025 objective (10,000 MW) within the next few years

• Building transmission to support another 9,000 MW (CREZ) • $5 billion transmission expansion • Completion expected 2013 • Oncor leading the way on regulatory approval and construction

• New Transmission Service Providers • Cross Texas, ETT, Lone Star, WETT • ERCOT, new and existing TSP’s working very well together

CREZ CCN Applications to Date

TSP Project (Docket No. if filed)

CCN Filing Date

CCN Deadline

CCN Status

Cross Texas Gray to Tesla (37956) 5/3/10 10/29/10 Approved

Silverton to Tesla (38435) 7/28/10 1/24/11 Pending

Gray to White Deer (38650) 9/29/10 3/28/11

ETT Clear Crossing to Dermott (37951)

5/3/10 10/30/10 Approved

Tesla to Riley (38494) 8/18/10 2/15/11 Pending

Riley-Edith Clarke-Cottonwood (38562)

9/8/10 3/8/11 Pending

Tesla-Edith Clarke-Clear Crossing-West Shackelford (38743)

10/20/10 4/19/11

12/10/2010 8 CCET Presentation Ken Donohoo



CCN Filing Date

CCN Deadline

CCN Status

LCRA TSC Tippet to North McCamey (36686)

2/27/09 8/27/09 Approved

Twin Buttes to McCamey D (Big Hill) (37778)

1/15/10 7/15/10 Approved

Gillespie to Newton (37448) 10/28/09 4/28/10 Project Replaced

McCamey D (Big Hill) to Kendall to Gillespie (38354)

7/28/10 1/28/11 Pending

Lone Star Central A to West Shackelford to Sam Switch /Navarro (38230)

5/24/10 11/19/10 Approved



CCN Filing Date

CCN Deadline

CCN Status

Oncor Bowman – Jacksboro (37015)

5/29/09

11/29/09 Approved

Jacksboro-Willow Creek – Parker (37119)

6/30/09 12/30/09 Approved

Dermott – Scurry County – Tonkawas (37409)

9/16/09 3/16/10 Approved

Tonkawas – Sweetwater – Central (37407)

9/16/09 3/16/10 Approved

Bowman – Riley (37408) 9/16/09 3/16/10 Approved

Brown – Newton (37464) 10/7/09 4/7/10 Approved

Newton-Killeen (37463) 10/7/09 4/7/10 Approved

Central Bluff – Bluff Creek (37529)

10/28/09 4/28/10 Approved

Bluff Creek – Brown (37530)

10/28/09 4/28/10 Approved




CCN Filing Date

CCN Deadline

CCN Status

Oncor Riley to West Krum (38140) 5/3/10 11/3/10 Approved

Willow Creek to Hicks (38324) 6/16/10 12/16/10 Pending

Clear Crossing to Willow Creek (38517)

8/18/10 2/18/11 Pending

West Krum to Anna (38596) 9/8/10 3/8/11 Pending

West B to Moss (38677) 9/29/10 3/29/11

Sharyland Hereford to White Deer (38290)

6/16/10 12/16/10 Pending

Silverton to Cottonwood (38560)

9/8/10 3/8/11 Pending

Hereford – Nazareth-Silverton (38750)

10/20/10 4/20/11

White Deer to Silverton 11/10/10 5/10/11




CCN Filing Date

CCN Deadline

CCN Status

STEC Bakersfield to Big Hill (38648)

9/29/10 3/29/11

STEC (for Garland)

Odessa – North McCamey – Bakersfield

3/18/11 9/18/11

WETT Cottonwood to Dermott (38295)

6/16/10 12/16/10 Approved

Scurry County South – Long Draw – Grelton – Odessa (38484)

8/18/10 2/18/11 Pending

Long Draw – Sand Bluff – Divide; Bearkat – Sand Bluff

11/10/10 5/10/11



Ongoing Grid Integration Activities

System Planning Issues

Completed or In Progress

– Voltage Ride-Through Requirement

– CREZ Reactive Study

– Sub Synchronous Resonance

Future Issues

– Ancillary Services necessary for CREZ-level wind capacity

– WGRs with multiple POIs


Ongoing Grid Integration Activities

System Operations Issues

Completed or In Progress

– Ramp Rate limits

– Reactive Power capability

– Voltage Ride-Through, voltage management practices

– WGR scheduling practices, Resource Plan updates

Future Issues

– Forecasting, forecasting, forecasting

– Emerging Technologies participation in Ancillary Services


ERCOT Peak Summer Week Generation by Fuel Type (actual) July 12-18, 2009

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

Nuclear Coal CombCycle GasSteam PrivateGas GasTurbine Wind Other

Sunday 07/12/09

Monday 07/13/09

Tuesday 07/14/09

Wednesday 07/15/09

Thursday 07/16/09

Friday 07/17/09

Saturday 07/18/09


ERCOT 2013 High Wind Week Generation by Fuel Type (projected)

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

Nuke Coal Combined Cycle Gas Steam Private Gas Turbine Wind Other

Monday 03/11/13

Tuesday 03/12/13

Wednesday 03/13/13

Thursday 03/14/13

Friday 03/15/13

Saturday 03/16/13

Sunday 03/17/13


ERCOT CREZ Reactive Study Summary

Reactive static and dynamic devices are needed to transmit energy from West Texas to maintain appropriate voltage control under normal and contingency conditions

Three major work areas Shunt capacitors & reactors location, size and response capability Specifications of series capacitor line compensation Evaluate sub-synchronous interactions

Study conducted by ABB, Inc. along with CREZ TSPs and ERCOT

Study is the first of its kind and includes qualifications about the planning assumptions and translation to actual operations

Actual “real world” operations will be dissimilar from the study

These represent minimum required reactive equipment

Reactive equipment needed as new lines come into service

17 12/10/2010 CCET Presentation Ken Donohoo

ERCOT CREZ Reactive Study Summary IDENTIFIED ISSUES

Shunt device switching is greater than current operations Increase in O&M and possible forced outages of facilities

Problematic wind farm dynamic stability analysis models Analysis software limitations and outdated Low System Strength (Short Circuit Ratio – SCR) Fundamental-frequency source impedance Low fault duty/short circuit capability Wind turbine operational issues Physical ambiguity May result in voltage and power oscillations Solution is more facilities

– Additional transmission lines – Synchronous condenser – Additional series capacitor compensation – Traditional or wind synchronous generation


ERCOT CREZ Reactive Study Summary IDENTIFIED ISSUES

Sub-synchronous interactions Sub-Synchronous Resonance (SSR)

– Oscillatory responses at frequencies below 60 Hz

Sub-Synchronous Control Interactions (SSCI) – Wind turbines – Control instability due to interactions with series capacitor compensated lines – HVDC interaction possible

Sub-Synchronous Torsional Interactions (SSTI) – Thermal generators – Significant damage to generator shaft – Potential destabilization by control operation of active devices (SVC,

STATCOM, DC etc…)

Solutions – Problem occurs most when generator is radial with series compensation – System Protection – Operational Clearance Procedures – Modify Interconnection Procedures and Allowed Turbine Types


Static Var Compensators (SVC) (Voltage Reservoir)


• Oncor Current Installations • Home to the largest and fastest in the world • Dynamic Reactive Device with 20 ms response time • 2009 Parkdale Two +300 to -265 Mvar units (+600, -530 Mvar Total)

• Application won Texas Environmental Excellence Award (TCEQ) • 2010 Renner Two +300 to -265 Mvar units (+600, -530 Mvar Total)

• SVC is a robust, advanced technology used to provide high speed grid voltage control

• Enables renewable energy transfers to load centers • Prevents widespread load outages (blackout) • Voltage support must be supplied quickly and locally • Replaces capability previously supplied by local generation

• Reduces need for local generation • Need increases as more local generation reduces operation, mothball or

retirement and generation is added outside of load centers • Need compounded by continuing load growth within load centers

• Future Installations • CREZ Related Brown and Parker in 2013 • Study for more in DFW


Questions? ERCOT Reactive Study Link: http://www.ercot.com/content/news/presentations/2010/CREZ%20Reactive%20Power%20Compensation%20Study.pdf PUCT CREZ Transmission Program Information Center http://www.texascrezprojects.com/default.aspx CREZ Monitor Quarterly Reports (details on construction, cost and in-service dates) http://www.texascrezprojects.com/quarterly_reports.aspx

http://www.ercot.com/content/news/presentations/2010/CREZ Reactive Power Compensation Study.pdf

http://www.texascrezprojects.com/default.aspx

http://www.texascrezprojects.com/default.aspx

http://www.texascrezprojects.com/quarterly_reports.aspx

renewable energy implementation, challenges and … · renewable energy implementation, challenges...

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