RepeatRepeat breedingbreeding

Dr. Babasaheb Nagurao KumbharM.V.Sc (Veterinary Public Health)bobbyvph11@gmail.com

Repeat breedingRepeat breeding

Female show Female show NORMAL HEATNORMAL HEAT symptoms but not conceived in symptoms but not conceived in more than 2 to 3 servicemore than 2 to 3 service

Mainly seen in cross breed cows

Responsible FactorsResponsible Factors

– Congenital and acquired factorsCongenital and acquired factors

– Early embryonic deathEarly embryonic death– Technological factorsTechnological factors– Nutritional /managemental factorsNutritional /managemental factors

1.1. Female factorsFemale factors2.2. Male factorsMale factors

Congenital factorsCongenital factors

• Underdeveloped genitaliaUnderdeveloped genitalia• Aplasia of genitalia / Segmented oviductAplasia of genitalia / Segmented oviduct• Congenital defect in ovaryCongenital defect in ovary

• Defect of oviductDefect of oviduct• Defect in cervix :- Kinked cervix Defect in cervix :- Kinked cervix Rx Inj.EpidosinRx Inj.Epidosin

Small ovarySmall ovaryLow receptor for GnRHLow receptor for GnRHLow cyclic activity of Low cyclic activity of ovary…….silent heatovary…….silent heat

Aplasia of genitaliaAplasia of genitalia

Ovary developedOvary developed

Ovulation occurOvulation occur

But ovum not reach to site of fertilisationBut ovum not reach to site of fertilisation

No fertilizationNo fertilization

E n d o c r i n e f a c t o r

F e m a l e f a c t o r s

Other factors

Impaired function of •Hypothalamus•Pituitary•Ovarian activity

• Persistent CL • Follicular/• Leuteal Cyst• Anvolutory heat• Delayed ovulation• Failure of nidation of

embryo• Failure collection of

ova by fimbria

Normal endocrine functionNormal endocrine function

GnRH (hypothalamus)GnRH (hypothalamus)

Stimulate pituitaryStimulate pituitary

Release FSHRelease FSH

Act on ovarian receptorAct on ovarian receptor

Development of follicleDevelopment of follicle

G.FG.F

signal to pituitarysignal to pituitary

Norm

al e

ndoc

rine

func

tion

Norm

al e

ndoc

rine

func

tion

Release LHRelease LH

LH surgeLH surge

OvulationOvulation

Norm

al e

ndoc

rine

func

tion

Norm

al e

ndoc

rine

func

tion

AI/NS

fertilization

Zygote/embryo

No AI/NSFormation CL

pregnancy

CL

progesterone secretion

prostaglandin secretion

Leuteolytic activity

CL Regress

signal to pituitaryestrus

Release Release ova/ovumova/ovum

ovulation

TreatmentTreatment

• Inj.GnRH Inj.GnRH e.g inj.Gynyarich / Receptale.g inj.Gynyarich / Receptal• Inj.ProstaglandinInj.Prostaglandin e.g Inj.Vetmate/Pragmae.g Inj.Vetmate/Pragma• Inj.Progesterone for pregnancyInj.Progesterone for pregnancy e.g P-depot / duraprogen e.g P-depot / duraprogen • lugol’s iodine painting on cervixlugol’s iodine painting on cervix• Rx of genital tract diseaseRx of genital tract disease

Male factorsMale factors

DiseaseDisease1.1. TrichomoniasisTrichomoniasis2.2. VibriosisVibriosis3.3. BrucellosisBrucellosis

Testicular diseaseTesticular disease

•Testicular degeneration/hypoplasiaTesticular degeneration/hypoplasia

•Cryptorchidism /neoplasmCryptorchidism /neoplasm

•OrchitisOrchitis

Semen qualitiesSemen qualities•Low sperm concentration Low sperm concentration •More dead sperm /More dead sperm /•Abnormal sperm Abnormal sperm •Obtained from older bullObtained from older bull

TreatmentTreatment

• Collection of semen from Collection of semen from healthy bullhealthy bull• Rx of venereal diseaseRx of venereal disease• Hygienic collection of semenHygienic collection of semen• Regular check of strawRegular check of straw

Technological factorsTechnological factors

• AI techniqueAI technique• Improper thawing,Improper thawing,• Improper handling of strawImproper handling of straw• AI in early pregnant showing AI in early pregnant showing gestational estrusgestational estrus• Hormonal treatmentHormonal treatment• Vigorous handling of genitalia in PDVigorous handling of genitalia in PD

TreatmentTreatment

• Proper management and handling semenProper management and handling semen

• AI with skilled personAI with skilled person

• Avoid vigorous handling of genitaliaAvoid vigorous handling of genitalia

• Proper detection of heatProper detection of heat

• Proper Proper time, site, dosetime, site, dose of semen of semen

• Avoid unwanted hormonal RxAvoid unwanted hormonal Rx

Nutrit ional factorsNutrit ional factors

Under nutrition

•Vit-A ,D,E deficiency•Mineral deficiency –P

TreatmentTreatment

• Inj.Vit-aInj.Vit-a• Inj.Tonophosphone /T-phos /any or ‘P’ Inj.Tonophosphone /T-phos /any or ‘P’

preparationpreparation• Mineral mix orallyMineral mix orally

Managemental factorsManagemental factors

• Heat stress in female and maleHeat stress in female and male• More herd sizeMore herd size

Heat stressHeat stressFemale

Duration of O.C. shorten

Intensity of heat sign reduced

No prominent heat sign

Owner unable to give proper history

Unable to fellow AM / PM rule

Male

More temperature

Affect thermoregulatory system of test is

Low quality of semen

THANK………THANK………