report of summer training inhavells india ltd.(lighting fixture division neemrana)

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LIGHTING FIXTURES AT HAVELLS INDIA LTD. NEEMRANA BY CHETAN GOYAL (ECE 11004) Project dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for Summer Training Work carried out at HAVELLS INDIA LTD., NEEMRANA Submitted to DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RAFFLES UNIVERSITY, NEEMRANA

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Page 1: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

LIGHTING FIXTURES AT HAVELLS INDIA LTD. NEEMRANA

BY

CHETAN GOYAL

(ECE 11004)

Project dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for

Summer Training

Work carried out at

HAVELLS INDIA LTD., NEEMRANA

Submitted to

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

RAFFLES UNIVERSITY, NEEMRANA

Page 2: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

LIGHTING FIXTURES AT HAVELLS INDIA LTD. NEEMRANA

Submitted to

RAFFLES UNIVERSITY, NEEMRANA

in partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the Summer Training

Submitted by

CHETAN GOYAL

ECE 11004

B.Tech (ECE), VITH Semester

Under the Guidance of

Mr D.C. LAKHERA Mr R.N. Tiwari

QUALITY MANAGER HOD, ECE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Page 3: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

“Such Thanks I give as near death to those that wish him Live”- Shakespeare. A formal

statement of acknowledgement will hardly meet the ends of justice in the matter of

expressing my deep sense of gratitude and obligation to all those who helped me in the

completion of this project report.

First of all I would like to thank Mr R.L. Ruhela (Deputy GM), Havells India Ltd who allowed

me to enrich my skills in Havells India Ltd. (Luminaire Fixture Division).

The experience of past four weeks in Havells under the guidance of my Project Leader and

Guide has greatly influenced my way of thinking towards facing the challenges during

training. This will help me a lot in future as I move further ahead in my professional life in

the days to come. I am especially indebted to my Project Manager, Mr D.C. Lakhera, Quality

Manager without whose precious time & expert guidance, I would not have acquired so

much knowledge about luminaires Fixture. I would also like to thank Mr Pradeep Shukla, Sr.

Engineer His guidance and in depth knowledge of lighting concepts have boosted my

confidence to complete this industrial training successfully. He made the intricacies of the

Luminaire production clear to me. He deserves special thanks for his technical guidance

throughout the training.

I am also extremely thankful to Mr R.N. Tiwari, HOD (ECE) who was gave me this wonderful

break to implement my knowledge in this industrial world. Last but not the least I would

also like to express my gratitude to Havells employees and all my friends who helped me a

lot throughout this training.

Page 4: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

RAFFLES UNIVERSITY, NEEMRANA

DECLARATION

I CHETAN GOYAL student of B.TECH (ECE) hereby declare that the project title

“Havells India LTD.” which is submitted by me to department of Electronics &

Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, RAFFLES

UNIVERSITY NEEMRANA in partial fulfilment of requirement for the Summer training

has not been previously formed for the basis of any degree, diploma or other similar title or

recognition.

Place: Neemrana CHETAN GOYAL

Date: Signature:

Page 5: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

PREFACE

Someone has rightly said that practical experience is far better and closer to the real world than

mere theoretical exposure. The practical experience helps the student to view the real business

world closely, which in turn widely influences his/her perceptions and understanding of the real

situation .Practical work constitutes the backbone of any technical education program. An

engineering student has to do practical work quite frequently during his entire life span.

The present report is a part of the Summer industrial training that contains the work done by me

during the training period at

Havells India Ltd. (Lighting Fixture Division), Neemrana

True to the core, a properly and executed industrial training helps a lot in providing linkage between

the student and the industry. It develops the awareness of industrial approach to problem solving

based on a board understanding of the mode of operation of industrial organization. This vocational

training has offered me an opportunity to put all my efforts and the theoretical knowledge to

practice and enhance my knowledge, and at the same time, given me practical experience in the

field of engineering. It is surely going to help me in my future too. In the preparation of this report, I

have made every effort to ensure that all steps involved in production & quality at Havells are

adequately covered and the report be completed in it .Any suggestions for improvement, if

rendered, will be gratefully accepted .I sincerely hope that this training will prove pure knowledge

imparting and would prove fruitful for me in my near future.

Page 6: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Havells India Limited is a $1.3 Billion leading Fast Moving Electrical Goods (FMEG) Company

with a strong global footprint. Havells enjoys enviable market dominance across a wide

spectrum of products, including Industrial & Domestic Circuit Protection Devices, Cables &

Wires, Motors, Pumps, Fans, Modular Switches, Home Appliances, Electric Water Heaters,

Power Capacitors, CFL Lamps, Luminaires for Domestic, Commercial and industrial

Applications.

Havells in 2007 created history by acquiring world’s renowned lighting company Sylvania

thus registering itself amongst top 4 lighting companies in the world. Today, Havells owns

some of the most prestigious global brands like Havells, Crabtree, Sylvania, Concord,

Luminance and Standard. Its global network constitutes of 6500 professionals across 91

branches & representative offices in over 50 countries. Its 11 state-of-the-art manufacturing

plants in India located at Haridwar, Baddi, Noida, Sahibabad, Faridabad, Alwar, Neemrana

and 7 world class manufacturing plants located in Europe, Latin America, Africa & China are

manufacturing globally acclaimed products, synonymous with excellence and precision in

the electrical industry

. HAVELLS CORPORATE OFFICE IN NOID

A 20000 strong global distribution network continuously strives to set new benchmarks in

prompt delivery and service to customers – powering their smiles like none other electrical

brand in the country. Further to this the company pioneered the concept of exclusive brand

showroom in the electrical industry with ‘Havells Galaxy’. Today over 210 Havells Galaxies

across the country are helping customers, both domestic and commercial, to choose from a

wide variety of products for different applications. Havells became the first FMEG Company

QRG ORGANISATION

COMPANY PROFILE

Page 7: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

to offer door step service via its initiative ‘Havells Connect’. Thanks to the quality of

products and quicker service, it has minimum customer complaints and highest customer

satisfaction.

Havells along with its brands, have earned the distinction of being the preferred choice of

electrical products for discerning individuals and industrial consumers both in India and

abroad. Havells offers same quality products for both Indian and international markets.

Havells products & processes have acquired a number of International quality certifications,

like BASEC, CSA, KEMA, CB, CE, ASTA, CPA, SEMKO, SIRIUM (Malaysia), SPRING

(Singapore), TSE (Turkey), SNI (Indonesia) and EDD (Bahrain) – thus complying with

stringent quality norms at even the most testing markets, worldwide. It is committed to

keep powering the world with its state-of-the-art innovations and energy-efficient solutions.

Currently 70% of its product offering is energy efficient.

HISTORY OF QRG ENTERPRISE

Qimat Rai Gupta is the founder, Chairman and Managing Director of Havells India Ltd.

Founder Chairman and Managing Director of Havells India Ltd.

On a sultry day in the electric wholesale market in Old Delhi in the summer of 1958, a 21-

year-old school teacher traded education for entrepreneurship and never looked back.

Driven more than by the economic necessity of helping his family, Qimat Rai Gupta

swapped the security of a classroom in Punjab for the uncharted waters of a small trading

company selling fixtures and electric cable to businesses in and around Delhi. With an

investment of Rs.10000, he started Guptajee and Company and began writing one of the

most compelling businesses in the history of the electrical manufacturing and supply

business in India. His unmatched leadership and vision has led him to create QRG

Enterprises as one of the major players in the power distribution equipment industry as well

as make its mark on the global scape.

Some of the ‘Firsts’ from Havells:

Sets up India's First New Generation CMH Lamp Plant at Neemrana in the year 2010

Launched India`s 1st HPF CFL in the year 2009

Havells launched India's 1st BEE 5* Rated Fan in the year 2009

Page 8: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

First Indian CFL manufacturers to have adopted RoHS, European norms on

Restriction of Hazardous Substances in CFLs in the year 2008

First Company to get the ISI Certification for complete range of CFLs in the year 2006

Awarded the KEMA certification by The Dutch Council for Accreditation, making QRG

the only group to attain this certification in the year 2005.

1958 : Commenced trading operations in Delhi. 1971 : Bought HAVELLS brand 1976 : Set up the first manufacturing plant for Rewireable Switches & Changeover Switches at Kirti Nagar, Delhi. 1979 : Set up a manufacturing plant for HBC Fuses at Badli, Delhi. 1980 : Started manufacturing high quality Energy Meters at Tilak Nagar , Delhi. 1983 : Acquired Towers and Transformers Ltd. and turned it into a profitably manufacturing Energy Meters Company in 1 year. 1987 : Started manufacturing MCBs at Badli, Delhi in Joint Venture With Geyer, Germany. 1990 : Set up a manufacturing plant at Sahibabad, UP for Changeover Switches. 1993 : Set up another manufacturing plant at Faridabad, Haryana for Control Gear Products. 1997 : Acquired Electric Control & Switchboards at NOIDA, UP for manufacturing

customized packaged solutions. 1998 : Introduced high-end Ferraris Meters in Joint Venture with DZG, Germany. 2000 : Acquired controlling stake in Duke Arnics Electronics (P) Limited engaged in

manufacturing of Electronic Meters-Single Phase, Three Phase, Multi-Function, Tri Vectors.

Acquired controlling interest in an industry major-Standard Electricals Ltd. 2001 : Acquired business of Havells Industries Ltd, MCCB of Crabtree India Limited and

merged ECS Limited in the company to consolidate its area of core competence. 2002 : Standard Electrical Company becomes a 100% Subsidiary of the company.

Attained the IEC certification for Industrial switchgear and CSA certification for all manufacturing plants.

2003 : Launch of Fans, CFL and Lighting 2004 : Set up manufacturing plant at Baddi , HP for manufacturing of Domestic Switchgear.

Set up a manufacturing plant for manufacturing of CFL at existing manufacturing plant in Faridabad, Haryana. Set up a manufacturing plant for manufacturing of Ceiling Fans at Noida, UP. Set-up our own marketing office in London through our wholly owned subsidiary company Havells U.K. Ltd.

Year Wise Growth of QRG Enterprises (1958-2014)

Page 9: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

In December, 2004 placed 235 fully convertible debentures of Rs. 10 Lacs on M/s. Shine Ltd., Mauritius and the debenture will be converted in June, 2006. Attained the CE certificate for CFL.

2005 : Set up manufacturing plant in Haridwar, Uttaranchal for manufacturing Fans. Awarded the KEMA certification by The Dutch Council for Accreditation, making QRG the only group to attain this certification. Set up of R&D Centre in Noida H.O. 2006 : Crabtree India merged with Havells India.

Added CFL production unit in Haridwar manufacturing plant. Expansion at Alwar manufacturing plant for increase of production capacity. Expansion at Baddi manufacturing plant and set-up of an Export Oriented Unit. First Company to get the ISI Certification for complete range of CFLs. Started mid-day meal program at Alwar, Rajasthan caters to 10,000 students from 77 schools.

2007 : Set-up of Capacitor manufacturing plant in Noida, UP with the capacity of 6, 00,000 kVAr per month. Acquired the Lighting business of a Frankfurt based company "Sylvania", a global leader in lighting business and now the company's turnover crosses US$ 1 Billion. Warburg Pincus, a global private equity firm and one of the largest investors in India, invested US $110 million in Havells India Ltd. Havells issued fresh shares to Warburg Pincus, representing approximately 11.2% of the fully diluted share capital of the company. QRG Group entered healthcare business by acquiring a majority stake in Central Hospital and Research Centre, Faridabad.

2008 : First Indian CFL manufacturers to have adopted RoHS, European norms on Restriction of Hazardous Substances in CFLs.

Set up of Global Corporate office, QRG Towers at Expressway Noida Investment of Rs.50 Crores in Global centre for Research and Innovation (CRI) Set up of fully automatic plant for Havells Lafert Motors at Neemrana Change in Corporate BRAND identity 2009: Set up of fully automatic 2nd unit for switchgear manufacturing at Baddi.

Global consolidation of CFL manufacturing plant at Neemrana for domestic and export purposes. Launch of India's 1st HPF CFL Launch of India's 1st BEE 5* Rated Fan

2010 : Sets up 2nd unit for Fan manufacturing at Haridwar. Acquired 100% interest in Standard Electricals Sets up World's First New Generation CMH Lamp Plant at Neemrana. Enter into Electric Water Heaters business. Launch of Havells brand in US & Mexico 2011 : Launch of new range of Control Gear Cosmic Star series Set up of new Industrial Switchgear Plant in Sahibabad

Milestones:-

Page 10: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Launch of Domestic Appliances Standard Electrical merged with Havells Entered into a Joint Venture with Shanghai Yaming Lighting, China 2012 : Launch Copper Flexible Cables under the Standard brand Set up of new Lighting Fixtures plant in Neemrana Installed India’s first large scale lighting fixtures plant at Neemrana. 2013 : Entered the business of Self Priming Monoblock Pumps. 2014 : Introduced fans Category under the Standard Brand.

PEOPLE AT HAVELLS-: Qimat Rai Gupta- Non Independent executive chairman of the Board

Rajesh Gupta- Non-Independent Executive Director, Director - Finance of

Havells India Limited.

Anil Rai Gupta- Joint Managing Director, Supervising marketing and sales

functions of Havells India Limited.

Surjit Gupta- Non-Independent Non-Executive Director of Havells India

Limited. worked as technical head Havells.

Havells Products-:

‡ Building Circuit Protection ‡ Industrial Circuit Protection

o Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) o Air Circuit Breaker

o Isolator Changeover Switch o MCCB

Page 11: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

o FPL

o Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) o Panel Board system

o RCBO o Changeover Switch

o Distribution Board (DB) o By-pass Changeover Switch

o Indicator Light o Load Changeover Switch

‡ Motors ‡ Capacitors

o Foot Mounting o Normal Duty

o Flange Motor o Heavy Duty

o Foot Cum Flange o Super Heavy Duty

o Inverter Duty Motors with Forced Cooling o Agriculture Duty

o Crane Duty Motors o Motor Run Capacitors

o Brake Motors

‡ Lighting ‡ Fans

o LED Lighting o Ceiling Fans

o Consumer Lighting o Table Fans

o Commercial Lighting o Wall Mounting Fans

o Down Lighter o Pedestal Fans

o Landscape ± Bunker Lighting o Air Circulator Fans

o Industrial Lighting o Ventilating Fans

o Area Lighting

o Road Lighting

o Specialty Lamps

o Accessories

o Aura Lighting

‡ CFL ‡ Cables and Wires

o Retrofit o Power Cables Aluminium

o Non Retrofit o Control Cables Copper

o Higher Range o Copper Flexible Cables

‡ Water Heater ‡ Modular Plate Switches

o Instantaneous Water Heater o Havells Modular Switches

o Electric Storage Water Heater o Crabtree Modular Switches

‡Domestic Appliances

Page 12: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

VISION, MISSION & CORE VALUES OF HAVELLS

Vision

"To be a globally recognized corporation that provides best electrical & lighting

solutions, delivered by best-in-class people."

Mission

To achieve our vision through fairness, business ethics, global reach, technological

expertise, building long term relationships with all our associates, customers,

partners, and employees

Values

Customer Delight: A commitment to surpassing our customer expectations.

Leadership by example: A commitment to set standards in our business and

Transactions based on mutual trusts.

Integrity and Transparency: A commitment to be ethical, sincere and open in our

dealings.

Pursuit of Excellence : A commitment to strive relentlessly, to constantly improve

ourselves, our teams, our services and products so as to become the best in class

R&D AT HAVELLS

Innovation is the hallmark of every vital development at QRG Group. New ideas, inventions

deepen scientific knowledge and give its work force a new impetus towards technical

Progress.

QRG’s technological strengths and its endeavour towards continuous Research &

Development have allowed it to fulfil its responsibilities towards its customers. The

responsibility of providing its customers the best products and zero defect services to

enable them to be comfortable and secure in usage of electricity. Havells has recently

invested 50 Crores in the QRG Centre for Research and Innovation, set-up at the company's

Head Office premises in Noida, U.P. The objective of this centre is to provide the theoretical

& experimental foundations for all segments of electrical engineering. The centre closely

cooperates with the various departments so as to provide the best and the latest in terms of

technology and design.

Page 13: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Quality Control The essence of quality is closely wrapped in the way Havells team think, plan and work. It finds its true expression when we extend beyond ourselves to exceed our customer’s expectations. To deliver products those are safer, faster and simply better. Each time, every time. Building customer confidence through teamwork is a top priority to provide a wide variety of products and services. Realising and respecting the basic needs of customers to feel more secure, Havells have committed themselves to make their products better, safer and smarter than what he or she is looking for. That's a passion that began 30 years ago and that's how it continues to be even today. Havells customers rely on us and it is our responsibility to give them the very best. All Havells products are as per IEC standards.

QRG has a simple rule on quality. “If it doesn't exceed customer expectation, it's not quality performance”.

CSR AT HAVELLS

Social and environmental responsibility has been at the forefront of Havells operating

philosophy and as a result the company consistently contributes to socially responsible

activities. For instance, the company is providing mid-day meal in government schools in

Alwar district, covering 35000 students per day. Besides this company has acquired land for

constructing a larger kitchen with all the modern facilities to serve freshly cooked food to

35000 students in the area. The group company, QRG Healthcare runs a 140 bed hospital in

Faridabad and will soon launch another 450 bed hospital in Faridabad by end of the year. In

the past, the company has generously contributed to the society during various national

calamities like the Bihar Flood, Tsunami and Cargill National Relief Fund etc.

The essence of Havells’ success lies in the expertise of its fine team of professionals, strong

relationships with associates and the ability to adapt quickly and efficiently, coupled with

the vision to always think ahead.

Page 14: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

SAFE & SECURE WORKPLACE OF HAVELLS

Havells as a leading electrical goods manufacturer also ensure environment, health and safety at its

work premises along with its quality product. It strictly follows to the Occupational Health & Safety

Assessment Series (OHSAS) a British Standard for occupational health and safety management

system. It helps all kind of organisation to put in place demonstrably sound and occupational

health& safety performance. It is widely used as the World’s most recognized occupational health

and safety management system standard.

OHSAS (18001): Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series.

Accident: - OHSAS (18001) says accident is an undesired event giving rise to death, ill health injury, damage or other loss. Incident: - An event that gave rise to an accident or had the potential to lead to an accident (OHSAS 18001). Near Miss: – A near miss is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness or damage- but had the potential to do so other familiar terms for these event is a “close call” or “near collision” in case of moving objects. Safety: - Freedom from un-acceptable risk of harm (OHSAS-18001) Hazard:- Source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property, damage to the workplace environment or the combination of these. Risk-: Combination of the likely hood & consequences of a specified hazardous event occurring.

ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & SAFETY POLICY Havells India Limited is committed to conduct business with strong conscience ensuring

sustainable safe environment & workplace and enrichment of quality of life of employees,

customers and the community. HIL manufacture the electrical products keeping in view of

environment, health and safety performance are an integral part of efficient and profitable

business management.

Comply legal requirements. Education and training Prevention of pollution & minimizing generation of wastes & disposal in a

responsible manner Optimal consumption of natural resources Safe, occupational hazard free & healthy work environment Continual improvement on environment, health & safety system by setting &

reviewing EHS objectives and targets.

Page 15: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Reducing Risk:-

Risk should be minimised at workplace to ensure Good Quality, Good performance and good output.

To minimise risk Havells follow various methods such as:-

1. 4 T’s Terminate - Stop doing the activity all together. Treat - Re-engineer, Substitute a less harmful substance Tolerate - Accept the residual level of risk. Transfer – Use Specialist Contractor/Person.

For greater efficiency and increasing productivity 5S is employed in Havells in each and

every department and line assemblies.

2. 5s SEIRI - Sorting, Separating useful & waste material and removing waste

material. SEITON - Fix place for everything. SEISO - Cleanliness, clean workplace. SEIKETSU- Standardisation, making standards and following them. SHITSUKE- Discipline

5s is helpful in High availability rate, improved safety, reliable deliveries, product diversification, higher quality and lower costs.

3. 7 R’s In Havells focus is paid on 7 R’s to reduce cost and improve efficiency

REDUCE- Reducing waste material generation REVISE- To look back if any mistake has been made RECYCLE- Recycling material REPROCESS- to subject to a special process or treatment in preparation for reuse RE-ENGINEERING- Troubleshooting RE-DESIGN- Designing product again to meet customer expectation RE-USE- Use material over and over when economically feasible

PLANT SAFETY RULES

Use of Tobacco, Gutkha, Biddi, and Cigarette strictly prohibited in plant premises.

Wear appropriate footwear/shoes in plant premises. (Slipper not allowed) Loose clothes are not allowed.

Obey all safety signage. Do not run on plant gang way & roads

Do not enter in restricted area.

Page 16: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Do not play with any machine/equipment. Do not taste, touch, smell any material/chemical in plant Vehicles maximum speed Limit in plant road is 10Km/Hr

PLANT HOUSEKEEPING Plant housekeeping means cleanliness of plant and arrangement of processes, tools equipment, storage facilities and supplies. Our elders had also suggested a golden rule for managing our workplace i.e. “jab ka tab aur jha ka wha”. In other words housekeeping means places for every things and everything at its place (5s).It is very effective in increasing production, reducing cost and improving organisation prestige. General rules for good housekeeping.

Before starting our job our workplace must be clean. Check for any spillage and leakage and clean it immediately. Use Dust-bins for disposal of waste material. Planning job before starting it. Pathways, corridors, platforms, stairs must be free from any hindrances. Do not block firefighting equipment’s and emergency exits. Keep minimum inventory of materials on the workplace. Keep tools and portable equipment neatly in place.

Material Safety Improper gripping, improper lifting, carrying too heavy & not wearing PPE (Personal protection Equipment) are various major causes for invitations to accidents. Important measures and precautions must be taken to prevent injury, loss of product, effective and Safe handling of product.

Correct way of standing and position of feet must be proper. Grip must be tight on material. Using body weight for counter balance. Do not stand under suspending load. Chain pulley, sling rope and hand pallets must be used to lift heavy weight. One must know about material before handling it. PPE must be used wherever necessary.

MANAGING YOUR TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS

Do not work on unprotected & unfenced machine. Ensuring guard and fences are in position after job is over. Always keep pump and compressor guards in position. Cover the openings in floors, barricade opening to prevent falling. Safety devices like safety valve, safety relief valves, rupture discs, interlocks,

alarms and annunciators are in working condition and inspecting them properly.

Page 17: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

STOREHOUSE

Raw Material Incoming: For production the incoming raw material comes from

different vendors and suppliers. To ensure quality in its products it also ensures quality of

incoming material. IQC (Incoming Quality Check) department take care of these things. It

checks the incoming material are according to standards or not. Then it accepts or rejects

the material from vendor.

After Incoming Quality Check, if the material from different vendors and suppliers is

accepted then it is kept in store and if it is not accepted then it is sent back to the vendor it

belongs. Sometimes material kept on hold for the inspection of production manager so that

they can better decide material can be used in production or not

For e.g. Ballast and drivers coming from the various vendors like Choice, Tridonic, Sylvania,

Helvar are first inspected on various parameters like Electrical, Photometric, and Thermal

properties and then it is decided whether the product is accepted or rejected by production

manager.

Page 18: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

STORE PROCESS FLOW

VENDORS AND SUPPLIERS

CRCA STEEL, BHUSHAN STEEL (IS-513 standard grade)

Electronic ballast from Havells, Tridonic, Sylvania, DALI, Helvar

Cartoons from Bhuwneshwari packaging company

Louvers, novelty plastics & JP optics and cross louvers: Ganesh Luminaires

Rover & Prodigy plastic channels: Ambika, New Delhi

Page 19: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Production Planning & Control

For efficient, effective and economic operation in a manufacturing unit of an organisation it

is essential to integrate the production planning and control system. Production planning

and subsequent production control follow adaption of product design and finalization of a

product process.

OBJECTIVES OF PRODUCTION PLANNING CONTROL

The main objectives of production planning and control are to establish routes and

schedules for work that will ensure the optimum utilisation of materials, workers and

machines and to provide the means for ensuring the operation of the plant in accordance

with these plans.

Havells focuses on 4 Zero’s of TPM (Total Production Management)

1. Zero Accidents

2. Zero Defects

3. Zero Breakdown

4. Zero Waste

PRODUCTION PLANNING COMISSION AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS

Process Planning

The determination of where each operation on a component part subassembly is to be

performed results in a route for the movement of a manufacturing lot through the factory

LOADING

Once the route has been established, the work required can be loaded against the selected machine or workstation. The total time required to perform the operation is computed by multiplying the unit operation times given on the standard process sheet by the number of parts to be processed. This total time is then added to the work already planned for the workstation.

SCHEDULING

Scheduling is the last of the planning functions. It determines when an operation is to be performed, or when work is to be completed; the difference lies in the detail of the scheduling procedure In a centralized control situation where all process planning, loading, and scheduling for the plant are done in a central office the details of the schedule may specify the starting and finishing time for an operation. On the other hand, the central schedule may simply give a completion time for the work in a given department.

Page 20: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

DISPATCHING

Authorizing the start of an operation on the shop floor is the function of dispatching. This

function may be centralized or decentralized

REPORTING OR FOLLOWUP

The manufacturing activity of a plant is said to be in control when the actual performance is within

objectives of the planned performance. When jobs are started and completed on schedule,

there should be very little, if any, concern about the meeting of commitments. Optimum

operation of the plant, however, is attained only if the original plan has been carefully

prepared to utilize the manufacturing facilities fully and effectively.

CORRECTIVE ACTION

This is the keystone of any production planning and control activity. A plant in which all

manufacturing activity runs on schedule in all probability is not being scheduled to its

optimum productive capacity. With an optimum schedule, manufacturing delays are the rule,

not the exception.

RE-PlANNING

Re-planning is not corrective action. Re-planning revise routes, loads, and schedules; a new

plans developed. In manufacturing this is often required. Changes in market conditions

manufacturing methods, or many other factors affecting the plan will often indicate that a

manufacturing plan is needed.

PRODUCTION ASSEMBLY

LED ASSEMBLY LINE -: On this assembly line L.E.D. products are manufactured

It Consist of -:

TABLE ASSEMBLY

LED LINE 1

LED LINE 2

LED LINE 3

It manufactures a wide variety of L.E.D. products such as

JOY 5W

POLO 15W

QUANTO 5W/10W

ENDURA LINEAR 10W, 20W

SOLITAIRE 16W

ENDURA DL 7W/15W/18W/22W

ENDURA DL

ENDURA FLAT PANEL 9W/16W/18W/32W

LED PLUTO RECESS

ENDURA 15W SQUARE

Page 21: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

LED PROCESS FLOW FOR JOY 5W

Commercial Assembly Line- On this assembly line commercial products are manufactured.

It consist of manly two lines

Domestic Production Line

Export Production Line

Products manufactured on this assembly line are -:

P5 Mirror Optimix 2/2 Surface & Recess

P5 Mirror Optimix 1/2 Surface & Recess

Raw Material from paint shop

PCB Depanelising

Output Wire Mounting

Soldering & spring mounting

Diffusor Mounting & Sleeve Mounting

Driver mounting & diffusor riveting

Aging for 15 minutes

Driver cover mounting

Sticker & cleaning

Mono Packing & Q.C.

Final Packing

Page 22: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

IVY 2/2 Crystal & Classic

Softline Direct 2/2

Softline Perforated 2/2

RANA 2/2 (Sylvania product)

RANA 1/4 (Sylvania product)

Commercial Assembly Process Flow

Input housing inspection

Thimble Assembly

Connecting Assembly

Wiring Assembly

Wire dressing

Ballast Fixing

Holder Assembly

Louver fixing

5 in 1 Q.C. & Hanging tie fixing

Air Cleaning & Sticker pasting

Final Packing & moving to F.G. store

Page 23: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Consumer Assembly Line- It consist of 6 assembly lines. It mainly manufactures product

for customer use. It focuses on good products at lower costs based on Fluorescent tubular

lamp.

Complete Fitting With Lamp-:

Electra Popular 36W, T8 FTL

Electra Slim 18W/36W, T8 FTL

Dreamlite 18W/36W, T8 FTL

Rover Plus (with Diffuser & Mono packing)

Lilliput Electra 36W FPL

Euro Strip 28W T5 FTL

Prodigy 14W/28W, T5 FTL

Complete Fitting Without Lamp -:

Elite Maglev 14W/28W, T5, FTL (With Diffusor & Mono packing)

Elite Desire 28W, T%5,FTL (With Diffusor & Mono packing)

Consumer Assembly Line Process flow

Input housing inspection

Rivet Fitment

Slider & end cap fitment

Ballast fitment

Wiring Output & Wire dressing

Holder & connector fitment

Sleeve mounting & Glow testing

Q.C. & packing

Page 24: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

CNC SHOP

Lighting fixture division at Havells is well equipped with magnificent CNC machines like

Amada, salvagnini, Gasparini & much more.

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is one in which the functions and motion of a machine

tool are controlled by means of a prepared program containing coded alphanumeric data.

CNC can control the motions of the work piece or tool, the input parameters such as feed,

depth of cut, speed and the functions such as turning spindle on/off, turning coolant on/off.

Its applications include lathe, drill press, milling machine, grinding unit, laser, sheet metal

press working machine, tube bending machines etc. Highly automated machine tool such as

turning centre and machining centre which change the cutting tools under CNC control have

been developed. Its advantages are High accuracy in manufacturing, short production time,

simpler fixturing and reduced human error.

AMADA EM2510NT (MADE IN JAPAN)

Amada EM2510NT is a metal sheet punching machine. It has a press capacity of 200 KN. It is

an AC servo direct twin drive press drive system which ensures high functionality &

productivity. It is easily controlled by menu-driven AMNC controller.

Specifications

Press capacity (kN) 200

Press drive system AC servo direct twin drive

Maximum Material Thickness (mm) 3.2(brush table)

Maximum punch size 114.3

Axis travel (mm) 1270 x 2500

Axis speed X.Y m/min X100,Y80

Punching Accuracy 0.1(mild mode 0.07)

Page 25: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Salvagnini P2XE (MADE IN ITALY)

Accuracy- 99.98% Tolerance- 0.02mm

Operation – Bending

Neemrana Fixture Plant is a replica of Sylvania plant in France and one of its first kind. It

completes the job in 45 seconds with zero human intervention. It has a capacity of 1300

pieces in a day (one shift).

Different parts:

Manipulator: Has the capability to rotate the job 720 to fit it according to the requirement.

Clamping.

Bending Unit

Hydraulic Unit.

Sheet thickness that can be used: 0.4mm to 3 mm

The P2Xe is the compact hybrid Salvagnini panel bender and it has been developed for

companies that want to improve their competitiveness, quality and lead-times.The

technological solutions used in the design and construction of the P2Xe, such as making

widespread use of high performance motors and electrical components, make this machine

an extremely competitive, cost-effective and ecologically responsible solution for all

companies in the world of sheet metal processing.

Page 26: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

AMADA RGM2-3512 Bending Machine

Amada RGM2-3512 is a metal-sheet bending machine. It is used for preparing the other

housing and louver material.

Specification-:

Tonnage KN (TON) 350(35)

Max Bend Length (mm) 1250

Stroke Length (mm) 100

Approach Speed (mm/s) 55

Bending Speed At mm/s 9.5

Return Speed 40

Machine Weight 1900

PROCESS FLOW FROM CNC TO COMMERCIAL HOUSING

CRCA STEEL SHEET

Punching, pressing, blanking at AMADA

MACHINES (EM2510NT,AE 255NT)

BENDING OF SHEET IN SALVAGNINI P2XE &

AMADA RGM2 3512

SPOT WELDING IN KRIPEKAR MACHINES

Paint Shop IN ITW GEMA MACHINE

Powder Coated Housing

Assembly in Commercial Line

Page 27: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

PRESS SHOP & TOOL ROOM

Tool Room

WEDM (Wire Electric Discharge Machine)

The wire electric discharge machine of Electronica is used to draw complex

design in cast iron for making dies which is used in press shop.

KAIZEN Milling 1 MTR-: Used for many operations like facing, tapering boring,

Remmuring, angle cutting, drilling etc. for making dies of required shapes.

Metal used for making die is steel EN31.

Press Shop-

There are many presses in press shop with capacity ranges from 40 tons to 110

tons which is used for punching, pressing and then blanking in different shapes

as per requirement like towels, Lilliput Electra siders, clamps etc.

FIXTURE OF PRESSS MACHINES

Therefore according to our requirements we first make the die and then attach

the die with machine for their opera

TOP PLATE MILD STEEL

THRUST PLATE

PUNCH PLATE

JOB

GUIDE STRIPPER PLATE

LOWER PLATE MILD STEEL

Page 28: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

PAINT SHOP

Lighting Fixture division of Havells has its own paint shop. The paint Shop is well equipped with the ITW GEMA the Powder Coating Machine from Switzerland. The technology for powder coating is very advanced and wastage of paint powder is very less. The Conveyor length is about 350 meters.

Processes in the Paint Shop:

Loading -: All the materials from CNC shop & press shop which are to be painted are

loaded on conveyor belt with help of hangers & wires.

Hot Water Rinse: This process is done to discard any unwanted oil on the metal

piece, dirt or impurity which may hinder in the quality procedure.

Ambient Temperature- 50-55° C

Pressure – 0.8-1.5 kg/cm2

Spray Time – 30 seconds

Conveyor Speed- 3-3.5 m/min

Cleaner Coater 1: Cleaning and Coating is a two way process which has two stages.

First stage comprises of further cleaning with water to remove the oil left on the

metal. Two jet water pumps to throw water with high velocity to reject the minute oil

particles on the piece.

First stage of coating: It includes coating of an amorphous compound FeZn (PO4) by

means of a conveyor belt suspended with hooks on which the metal pieces are

hanged. This is done to coat the metal uniformly to avoid any kind of oxidation

process that can harm the metal surface in form of rust etc.

Ambient Temperature- 50-55° C

Pressure – 0.8-1.5 kg/cm2

Spray Time – 90 seconds

Conveyor Speed- 3-3.5 m/min

Cleaner Coater2: This process is repeated in the second stage also to ensure that

every piece has been coated properly

All other condition same as in cleaner coater 1.

Water Rinse 1: This process is done to discard the extra chemical that might be

present and is flowed down with the solvent.

Ambient Temperature- 50-55° C

Pressure – 0.8-1.5 kg/cm2

Spray Time – 40 seconds

Conveyor Speed- 3-3.5 m/min

Water Rinse 2: The process is repeated to ensure maximum efficiency. All other

condition are same as in Water Rinse 1.

Passivation: After the coating stage the surface is not totally smooth and becomes

porous Passivation process acts as sealing process for the porous surface developed.

Page 29: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

The substance contains few carbonates and phosphates which cements the cracks on

the surface.

PH- 4-6

Ambient Temperature- 30-35° C

Pressure – 0.8-1.5 kg/cm2

Spray Time – 30 seconds

Conveyor Speed- 3-3.5 m/min

Flash OFF Zone: This process includes rejection of extra chemicals from the

previous process using electrostatic charge.

Dry off Zone: Housing is dried in the ovens.

Powder Coating Booth: The painting booth is provided with powder guns containing

positively charged powder paint particles which sticks on negatively charged housing.

This principle work on FARADAY’S PRINCIPLE.

Voltage- 70-100 kV

Air Pressure – 3.5-5 kg/cm2

Paint material- epoxy polyester powder

Powder Curing Oven: This process is also called baking.

Air temperature of 195 C is maintained in the powder curing oven through properly

designed vents at each junction.

Unloading: Unloading the material from the conveyor & taking them for inspection

Each housing spends around 13 min in the curing oven to complete the process.

Housing is cured at a temperature of 185 C which is maintained with the help of

SCADA

Temperature rise in the curing process:

100°C within 5 minutes

180°C in next 8 minutes

Page 30: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

PAINT SHOP PROCESS FLOW

v

REJECT

Ok Accept

Material Received from CNC SHOP & PRESS SHOP

Loading of material on conveyor belt

Hot water rinse

Cleaner coater 1 & Cleaner Coater 2

Normal water rinse 1 & normal water rinse 2

Passivation

Flash off zone

Dry Off zone

Powder coating booth

Powder curing oven

Quality Inspection REWORK

Material Unloading

MOVED TO ASSEMBLY LINE

Page 31: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

QUALITY IN HAVELLS

Quality is first priority in Havells. Havells ensures quality of its product at each

stage of production right from raw material to finish goods. Before product

reaches to customer it passes a whole bunch of test to confirm that customers

get best. Quality department of Havells uses latest instruments in its lab &

takes proper steps to meet expectations of their customers. Quality

department at Havells have a no. of Labs each checking product on a definite

parameter.

Company Policy-:

It is the policy of our company to design & produce products and services that

meet or exceed our customer’s requirements and comply with all statutory

and regulatory requirements. We accomplish this by adhering to our

management system and operational methods that recognize customer

satisfaction as a primary goal.

Quality Policy:

Quality Objectives

Quality of products should need to be confirmed according to the

requirements of ISO 9001:2008.

Production of products should be internationally accepted.

Reduction of wastage & variation within the organisation and increase

productivity on continual basis.

To monitor, investigate and analyse customer complains for continual

improvement in product quality on continual basis

To maintain transparency in management function and to encourage

involvement of all employees in the process of decision making for

improvement in working environment product quality and productivity

Our Quality Policy is building customer confidence by providing wide range of quality

products and services through continual improvement of quality management system.

Page 32: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Testing Laboratories At Havells-:

PHOTOMETRY LAB-:

Photometry lab at Havells India Ltd. (Luminaires fixture) checks

photometric parameters of Luminaires manufactured. Beside that it also

checks various types of lamps and LED from IQC department. It is well

equipped with photometric parameter determining Machines Like-:

1. Integrating Sphere 2.0 with Spectroradiometer

It is suited for total luminous flux & colour measurement of integrated

LED lamps and relatively small size LED luminaires. This has advantages

of fast measurement, does not require a dark room, minimized air

movement.it has diameter of 2m and can be easily used for

measurement of light sources of 500W or larger. It has an interior

coating with non-selective & high diffusive reflectance of 0.8 throughout

the visible spectrum of 380 to 780 nm to obtain higher signal and to

reduce intensity distribution variations of products. Tested light via

integrating sphere comes into main light by optical fibre and is

translated into electrical signal by high quality array detector after going

through the array optics. This is connected to computer by connection

cable which deliver the data and control signal. It has 4 terminal lamp

holders, 2 for power supply and other two for voltage measurement and

monitoring at the lamp terminals. A small screen baffles is placed at a

distance of d/4 or d/6( d = sphere diameter).It measures photometric

parameters like-:

1. Chromaticity co-ordinates (x, y, z)- It is ratios of each of the

tristimulus values of the light to the sum of the tristimulus values.

Page 33: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

2. Chromaticity Diagram- It is a plane diagram formed by plotting one

of three chromaticity co-ordinates against another.

3. Red Ratio- It is defined as % of individual colour i.e. Red, Blue, Green

in light.

4. Colour temperature- It is a temperature of the blackbody in kelvin at

which a colour match is obtained. It is the absolute temperature of a

blackbody radiator having a chromaticity equal to the light source.

5. Luminous Efficacy – The quotient of the total luminous flux emitted

by the total lamp power input expressed in lumen/watt.

6. Luminous flux- It is rate of emission of light derived from the radiant

flux by weighing the radiation with respect to the sensitivity of the

human eye.

7. Electrical Parameters- It includes electrical parameters like voltage,

current, power, power factor.

2. GMS 2000 ROTATING MIRROR Goniophotometer- :

GMS-2000 Goniophotometer is a professional test device for the measurement of photometric parameters of various luminaires such as projecting lighting, road lighting and room lighting and its spatial luminous intensity distribution. The measurement parameters include spatial iso-intensity curve, intensity distribution curve of each section (shown with rectangular coordinate system or polar coordinate system), plane iso-illuminance distribution curve, luminance limitation curve, lamp efficiency, glare grade, effective luminous angle, upward luminous flux ratio, downward luminous flux ratio, total luminous flux, effective luminous flux, utilization factor and electric parameters (power, power factor, voltage and current) etc.

Specifications-:

Luminous accuracy: national first-grade standard Angle accuracy: 0.2 degree principal axis goniometer resolution: 0.02 degree Dimension of elliptical mirror: 1.5m×2.0m

Page 34: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Largest specifications of measurement lamp: current: 20A Weight: 50kg Lamp radius: R80cm Measurement distance: can be adjusted freely upon the luminous

intensity of lamp Weight: about 1000kg

Working Principle Diagram Of GMS 2000

Page 35: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Electrical and Mechanical Lab-:

For testing Electrical Parameters:

Electronic Ballast Analyser (HB-6B)-: HB-6B is professionally designed to analyse the

electrical characteristics of electronic ballast of Fluorescent Lamp. It adopts 12 bit 10MHZ

A/D Sampling technique and advanced high frequency signal process. It is capable of

spreading the high-frequency enveloping waveform of lamp tube. HB-6B is also equipped

with 5 inch high resolution color LCD display which can show the parameters and

waveforms directly

LED DRIVER TESTER: This intrument is used to check the electrical parameters of LED

Drivers. It is specially designed for LED driver to monitor its Input & output characteristics.

It is a multifunctional & high accuracy instrument

Leakage Current Tester- Leakage current test voltage, leakage current and test time can be displayed simultaneously; True RMS AC/DC conversion; Alarm value can be set

continuously, freely Phase automatic switching, Audible and visual alarm with out of

limits,Compliant with GB4706.1-2005/IEC60335 standard requirements

Page 36: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

High Voltage Tester (CS2672C)- The purpose of this test is to ensure that electric strength of

the luminaire is as per specifications. This test is done to ensure that

the earth is working properly , and

]the earth is working properly , and

The luminaire should withstand 1.5 KV for 60 sec.

Switching Lab-: In this lab luminaires are tested on their switching

characteristic.In this switching lab luminaires are switched on for 30s and then

off for another 30s automatically with the help of R.B. switching panel.This test

duration is of generally 16 hours.

Page 37: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Endurance Lab-:

The motive of endurance lab is to check the behavior of product when

subjected to thermal and electrical stress simultaneously. In endurance lab

luminaires are checked for their tolerance to withstand continuous long

burning hours. It does not require any particular machine for this purpose

except a temperature controller to maintain ambient temperature .Endurance

test is performed over luminaire in following manner.

Luminaire is mounted in a thermal enclosure with means for controlling the ambient temperature within the thermal enclosure. It can also be positioned on a supporting surface as for normal operation.

The ambient temperature is maintained within ±2°C of (25±10) °C unless otherwise marked on the luminaire. During the test. The initial heating period of luminaire is included as part of test duration.

Luminaire is tested for a total duration of 168 hours, made up of seven successive cycles of 24 hours. Supply voltage is applied to luminaire during each cycle.

Luminaire is switched off for a continuous period of 3 hours at same point in each 24 hours cycle

The circuit conditio0n for the luminaire is normal operation for first six cycles and abnormal operation for the seventh cycle

During operating periods supply voltage for filaments lamps must be 1.05±0.015 time’s voltage at which rated wattage of lamp is obtained and 1.10 ± 0.015 times (the rated voltage or the maximum of the rated voltage range) for tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamp luminaires

After the above mentioned test luminaire is visually inspected. No part shall have become unserviceable and luminaire shall not have become unsafe. It must be free from any cracks, scorches and deformation. Plastic ES lamp holders shall not be deformed. The luminaire shall not have become unsafe and shall not have caused damage to the track system.

Page 38: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

THERMAL LAB-:

Thermal Test-: To check temperatures of critical components in a luminaire

when subjected to voltage.

Draught proof enclosure (Ambient within can be from 10°C to 30°C) is used for the luminaire; variation not more than (±1°C)

Thermocouple wire of low conductivity. 80/20 Ni-Cr paired with 40/60 Ni-Cu are used for measurement of temperature Thermocouples on the critical components / as per the customer’s request are attached..

Mount the luminaire as per MI Sheet. Switch on the luminaire at 100% of the rated voltage and wait for

thermal stabilization. Measure winding temp. Of the ballast @ 100% of nominal voltage. Repeat the test @ 105% of rated voltage (for halogen, GLS Lamp) / 106%

of rated voltage (for other lamps) tom measure component temperatures.

Measure winding temp. Of ballast and case temp. Of capacitor @ 110% of rated voltage.) For TL based luminaire the starter is to be shorted to measure abnormal condition temp.

Reading are taken down when thermal stabilization is obtained i.e. less than 1’C variation over 1hr period.

During the test and immediately before a measurement the supply voltage should be maintained between ± 1% and preferably within ±0.5% of the test voltage.

If the luminaire ceases to operate because of a defective part of the luminaire (including the lamp), the part should be replaced and the test continued.

Measurements already made need not be repeated but the luminaire shall be stabilized before further measurements are made. If, however, a hazardous condition has arisen, or if any part becomes unserviceable as a type defect, then the luminaire is deemed to have failed the test. The temperature shall not exceed the standard values by more than 5’C.This allowance is made to take into account the inevitable variability of temperature measurement in luminaires.

Stability is said to be achieved when the rate of rise of temperature is 1°C/hr

For determination of case temperature of a component with Tc marking the test voltage shall be times the rated voltage

Page 39: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Safety Lab- Checks Luminaire/part of luminaire on safety issues. It

checks luminaires performance in abnormal conditions or in a

particular situation. It Checks physical strength of a luminaire and its

parts. The various equipment and methods used for this purpose are

discussed below.

1. Climate Chamber Test-:

This test is conducted on luminaires for the Humidity check to ensure proof against humid conditions which may occur in normal use. In this test Luminaire or parts of luminaire are subjected to various type of climate mode such as heating mode, cooling mode. Various weather condition and temperature are set.

Relative humidity of the chamber is maintained between 91 % to 95 %

The temperature of the air in chamber is maintained within 1 ˚C of any convenient value “t” between 20 ˚C and 30 ˚C.

The testing duration is of 48 h.

Constant air circulation should be there.

2. SALT SPRAY TEST

In salt spray test luminaire is checked against any type of corrosion on its metal parts. It consist of a chamber in which salt solution is sprayed.

The temperature of chamber is set around 50°C. The part of luminaire is suspended in the chamber with the help of a wire.

As the temperature of chamber rises salt solution converts into vapor and act on metal part.

This test duration is of 500 hours. After 500 hours parts are taken out and inspection is done.

Page 40: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

Their surfaces shall show no signs of rust. However Traces of rust on sharp edges and any yellowish film removable by rubbing are ignored. Then the luminaire is pass otherwise it is fail.

Proof Tracking Test-: To check formation of conducting paths on surface and/or

within a solid insulating material due to combined effects of electric stress and electrolyte contamination.

Surface between the electrodes is subjected to a succession of drops of electrolyte either until the over current device operates or until the test period has elapsed.

50-100 drops of about 20mg of electrolyte falls at 30 sec interval between platinum electrodes 4mm apart.

An AC voltage of 175V is applied to the electrodes during the test.

An approximately flat surface is used (at least 20mm X 20mm X 3mm).

.A failure has occurred if a current of 0.5 A or more flows for at least 2s by a conducting path between the electrodes on the surface of the specimen, thus operating the over current relay, or if the specimen burns without releasing the over current relay.

Glow Wire Test-: To Test Parts of insulating material which do not retain live

parts in position, but which provide protection against electric shock, and parts of insulating material retaining SELV.

The test specimen is shall be mounted or clamped Planar area of surface is vertical. Tip of the glow-wire is applied to the centre of the planar area.

Glow-wire is heated to the specified 650’C temp

Page 41: Report OF Summer Training inHAVELLS INDIA LTD.(Lighting Fixture Division Neemrana)

The tip of the glow-wire is then bought slowly into contact with the test specimen for 30±1s

An approximate rate of approach and withdrawal of 10 min/s to 25 mm/s is to be maintained.

Contact forces should not exceed 1.0±0.2 N. The penetration of the tip of the glow wire into the

material shall be limited to 7.0±0.5 mm. Any flame or glowing of the sample shall extinguish within 30 s

of withdrawing the glow-wire, and any burning or molten drop shall not ignite a single layer of tissue paper.

Needle Flame Test-: To check Parts of insulating material retaining current-carrying

parts or SELV parts in position, and external parts of insulating material providing protection against electric shock shall be resistant to flame and ignition.

The parts to be tested are subjected to the needle-flame test.The test flame being applied to the sample for 10 s at the point where the highest temperatures are likely to occur, measured if necessary during the thermal tests

The duration of burning shall not exceed 30 s after removal of

the test flame, and any burning drop from the sample shall not

ignite the underlying parts or tissue paper.