report on a visit to to bjri.docx

7/26/2019 REPORT ON A VISIT TO TO BJRI.docx

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REPORT ON A VISIT

TO TO BJRI( BANGLADESH JUTE

RESEARCH

INSTITUTE)

SUBMITTED BY :

SUBMITTED TO :

TALAL HOSSAIN DR.

MUNAWAR SULTANA


2/16

SH-16 DR.

MD. ANWAR HOSSAIN

4TH YEAR (SESSION 212-21!)

DEPARTMENT O" MICROBIOLOGY

UNIVERSITY O" DHA#A

Introduction

Biotechnologyis the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make

products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems,

living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products orprocesses for specific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art !

#herefore, microbial biotechnology consists of one that involves

microorganisms

$e are fortunate enough to have microbial biotechnology as a part of our

Bachelor of %cience curricula &erhaps 'e are even more fortunate to have

ecellent teachers 'ho cooperatively organi)ed a kind of tour to learn about

biotechnology in Bangladesh *ute research institute Bangladesh *ute

research institute #he proper learning of biotechnology can never be trulyfulfilled 'ithout visiting biotechnology based organi)ations and seeing for

yourself ho' biotechnology is used #hus 'e are thankful to the teachers 'ho

arranged and successfully completed this visit $e had learnt a lot from *ust a

one day visit and this report 'ould try to summari)e the eperience and

lessons as much as possible

Juteis a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibrethat can be spun into coarse, strong

threads. It is produced primarily from plants in the genus Corchorus, which

was once classified with the family Tiliaceae, more recently with Malvaceae,and has now been reclassified as belonging to the family Sparrmanniaceae.

The primary source of the fibre is Corchorus olitorius, but it is considered

inferior to Corchorus capsularis. "Jute" is the name of the plant or fiber that is

used to make burlap, essian or gunnycloth.

The word !ute! is probably coined from the word huta or ota, an #riyaword.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_fibrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corchorushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiliaceaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvaceaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparrmanniaceaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corchorus_olitoriushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corchorus_capsularishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hessian_(cloth)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odia_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corchorushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiliaceaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvaceaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparrmanniaceaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corchorus_olitoriushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corchorus_capsularishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hessian_(cloth)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odia_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_fibre


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Jute is one of the most affordable natural fibersand is second only to cottonin

amount produced and variety of uses of vegetable fibers. Jute fibers are

composed primarily of the plant materials celluloseand lignin. It falls into

the bast fibrecategory $fiber collected from bast, the phloemof the plant,

sometimes called the "skin"% along with kenaf, industrialhemp, fla&$linen%, ramie, etc. The industrial term for ute fiber is raw jute. The

fibers are off'white to brown, and ()* metres $+)(+ feet% long. Jute is also

called the golden fiberfor its color and high cash value.

#he Bangladesh +ute esearch -nstitute is the oldest mono.crop research institute of the country

+ute esearch 'as first started in Dhaka 'ith the creation of a /iber 0pert1s position and

assumption of the responsibility by %ir % /inlo' in 2345 under the Bengal Department of

Agriculture (2345.2363 #o intensify research on *ute and allied fibers, +ute Agricultural

esearch 7aboratory (+A7 'as established by the -ndian Central +ute Committee (-C+C inDhaka in 2363 During 2368.59 the effective infrastructure re:uired for a board spectrum of

+ute esearch activities 'as established After the partition of -ndia in 2359, in the light of

erst'hile -C+C &akistan Central +ute Committee (&C+C in turn reorgani)ed the eisting +A7

'as +ute esearch -nstitute (+- at the present site in 23;2 7ater on in 2386 *ute

technologicalovernment promulgated the *ute act in 2395

(modified in 2338 as established Bangladesh +ute esearch -nstitute (B+- #o perform the functions, the -nstitute have three main branches, namely

2 Agriculture esearch on +ute

! #echnological esearch on +ute, and

6 =arketing and 0conomic esearch on +ute

After the liberation of Bangladesh in 2392 +ute %ector 'as taken up 'ith special and realistic

approach #he Bangladesh >ovt promulgated the +ute Act in 2395 and established Bangladesh

+ute esearch -nstitute (B+- 'ith specific mandate 'hich 'as modified in 2338 'ith the

follo'ing ma*or functions

#o promote agriculture, technological and economic research on *ute and allied fibers and

their manufactures and dissemination of results thereof

#o organi)e production, testing and supply of improved pedigree of *ute seeds and

multiplication, procurement ? their distribution to recogni)ed organi)ation, selected gro'ers and

such other agencies as may be approved by the Board
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_fiberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligninhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bast_fibrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phloemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenafhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramiehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_fiberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligninhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bast_fibrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phloemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenafhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramie


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#o set up research centers, sub.stations, pilot pro*ects and farms in different regions of

the country for carrying out research on different problems of *ute and allied fiber crops, *ute

products and allied materials

#o establish pro*ect areas for demonstration of ne' varieties of *ute developed by the

institute and to train the farmers for cultivation of these varieties of *ute

#o establish annual reports, monographs, bulletins, and other literatures relating to *uteresearch and the activities of the institute

#o organi)e training of officers and progressing farmers on modern improvement method

of cultivation of *ute and allied fiber crops and also to train technical hands for utili)ation of

technological findings and

#o do and perform such other activities as may be necessary for the purposes of this Act

Agriculture Research on Jute#@0 A>-CU7#U0 0%0AC@N +U#0 A# B+- CN%-%#% / #@0 /77$-N>

D--%-N% .

P$%& M''$*$& D+,+%+

Insect-pest management of jute, kenaf and mesta.

"+/$ 0'+&3 I*/,$*$& D+,+%+

Improvement of bre qualit, location specic retting of jute, kenaf and mesta

B/$$5+ 5+,+%+

!ariet development, maintenance of varietal purit, nucleus seed production.

J&$ "'/*+ S3%&$*% R$%$'/7 D+,+%+

Jute farming sstems, jute based cropping patterns, on-farm adaptive research and

technolog transfer of Agriculture "ing.

"'/* M''$*$& U+&

Region specic agricultural research, suitabilit test of evolved technologies and

transfer of agricultural technologies.

G$$&+ R$%/$% '5 S$$5 D+,+%+

#ollection, characteri$ation and documentation of germplasm, gene bank management,

breeder%s seed production and distribution and biotechnological research.


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&'#()*+*#0C@N7> 0%0AC@ A# B+- CN%-%#% / #@0 /77$-N> D--%-N%.

T$8&+$ P73%+% D+,+%+

evelopment and qualit assessment of jute and allied bre, testing of di/erent

parameters of bre, arn of fabric.

C7$*+%&/3 D+,+%+

#hemical modication and evelopment of non-traditional products for diversied uses,

deing, printing and nishing.

M$7'+' P/$%%+ D+,+%+:

0echanical 1rocessing ivision of 2angladesh Jute Research Institute 32JRI4 is involved

5ith jute mechanical processing. &he division consists of three departments. &hese are

-

o 6pinning

o "eaving 7

o 0achiner development and maintenance.

6pinning and 5eaving departments are 5orking for making qualit jute arn and fabricfollo5ing developed processing technolog in the laborator. 0achiner development

and maintenance department involved 5ith innovation, development and maintenance

of jute8te9tile machiner. &he division has alread developed a large number of jute

processing technologies and equipment. 0ost of these are patented.

P+& P'& '5 P/$%%+ D+,+%+


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#hemical processing 3using deing, printing and nishing method4 pilot scale

production of jute and allied bre products for adoption in industrial level, transfer of

industrial technologies.

JUTE AND TE9TILE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTCENTRE

Jute And &e9tile 1roduct evelopment #entre

evelopment of diversied jute product through cotton processing sstem b

blending8union of jute 5ith natural bres like cotton, :a9 etc. and 5ith snthetic bres.

SEMINAR

A seminar 5as presented b the bre qualit improvement division on the 5hole

cutting and processing of jute. It 5as presented b dr. ro$a Akhter . she also describedho5 2JRI developed ne5 technologies to improve the processes. &he processes 5hich

she described is summari$ed belo5.

+ute cultivation

Jute is a rainy season crop, sown from March to May according to rainfalland type of land. It is harvested from June to September depending uponwhether the sowings are early or late.

Climate and SoilsJute reuires a warm and humid climate with temperature between -* /to +0 /. /onstant rain or water'logging is harmful. The new gray alluvialsoil of good depth, receiving salt from annual floods, is best for ute. 1low


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ever ute is grown widely in sandy loams and clay loams.

Sowing of juteSowing of ute in midlands and high lands starts with showers in March or 2pril and continues till earlyJune in the western part of the ute belt. /ompost or firm yard manure, 3hosphorus and 3otash, 4itrogenfertili5ers are used as a fertili5er. Interculturing is essential in the early stage. 3asts are also reuire forplant protection.

HarvestingJute is harvested any time between (-6 days to (76 days when the flowers have been shed, earlyharvesting gives good healthy fibers. The plant from 8 to (- feet high are cut with stickles at or close theground level. In flooded land, plants are up rooted. The harvested plants are left in field for + days for theleaves to shed.The stems are then made up into bundles for steeping in water. Steeping is carried out immediately afterharvest.

The Fibre Extraction

The ute plant!s fibres lie beneath the bark and surrounded the woody central part of the stem. Toe&tract the fibres from the stem, the process is carried out in the following stages 9

Retting:etting is a process in which the tied bundles of ute stalks are taken to the tank by which fibres getloosened and separated from the woody stalk. The bundles are steeped in water at least ;6 cm to (66cm depth. The retting process is completed in 8 to +6 days, when the barks separate out easily from thestick or wood and the fibres are ready for e&traction. 2 development in recent years is adoption of ribbonretting technology in ute growing trade of the country.


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MICROORGANISMS IN RETTING PROCESS

:etting is essentially a microbial process . microorganisms degrade the crop and provides for high ualityfibre production. Microorganisms involved are mainly bacteria and fungi. 2ccording to


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tamarind water for (7 to -6 minutes and again washed in clean water. 2fter suee5ing e&cess water thefibres are hang on bamboo railing for sun drying for -'+ days.

$ailing and %ac&ing

The ute fibre is graded into tops, middles,


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causes environmental pollution. In ribbon retting, ribbons are stripped out mechanically from

the stem of mature ute plants, coiled and allowed to ret under water. :ibbon retting reduces

time of normal retting by *)7 days. Moreover, reuirement of water for ribbon retting is almost

half in comparison to conventional whole plant retting under normal condition. This also

reduces environmental pollution to a great e&tent.


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Principal Investigator (PI), Department of Microbiology, University of Hawaii, under the

administration of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI) in the Ministry of Agriculture.

Director General of BJRI, Dr. Md. Kamal Uddin is the acting Project Director (PD) of BARJ

project.

A consortium of researchers inBangladesh has successfully decoded the*uteplant draftgenome se:uencing

#he consortium consisted of Dhaka University,Bangladesh +ute esearch -nstitute and soft'are

company Data%oft %ystems Bangladesh 7td in collaboration 'ith Centre for Chemical Biology, University of

%cience =alaysiaand University of @a'aii at =anoa, U%A Bangladesh is the second country after =alaysia

among the developing nations in this kind of achievement

Biotechnological improvement in the processing of jute

#here are huge opportunities to employ biotechnology in the

processing of *ute as 'e have seen in B+- According to my

observations and perception the follo'ing could be added or

improved in *ute processing by biotechnology .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome_sequencinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome_sequencinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome_sequencinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka_Universityhttp://www.bjri.gov.bd/http://www.datasoft-bd.com/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Science_Malaysiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Science_Malaysiahttp://www.uhm.hawaii.edu/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome_sequencinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka_Universityhttp://www.bjri.gov.bd/http://www.datasoft-bd.com/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Science_Malaysiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Science_Malaysiahttp://www.uhm.hawaii.edu/


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2 0##-N> &C0%%

A bacterial and fungal biodiversity in retting process can be

thoroughly investigated and the best composition of bacteria

should be used =oreover genetic modification of bacteria to

produce higher amount of pectinase en)yme should be

beneficial

! -mmobili)ed en)yme technology

0n)ymes re:uired for retting process, bleaching process andother processes can be etracted and immobili)ed to be

employed #his 'ould make the processes faster and more

efficient

6 Bleaching process

+utes ac:uired are usually bro'nish in color and are re:uired

to be bleached As seen in B+- the technology inBangladesh used chemical bleaching and is environment

polluting along 'ith being epensive =icrobial or

en)ymatic bleaching can be used instead to save money and

environment

5 +ute teture conversion

#he teture and conformation of fibres can be bio.converted

by using microorganisms #his allo's for diversified use of

*ute and therefore epands the industry %oftening agents

used in the industry can be changed to microbial softeners

+ute can be converted to a very strong material by microbial


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processing and used in structures Biopolishing can be done

to improve product :uality

; >enetic manipulation of *ute plant

#he *ute plants can be genetically modified and made to

produce high :uality *ute fibres #he fibres can be made to

be produced colourful or even glo' in the dark

8 Cellulolysic ethanol

#he remnants from *ute production that is *ute leaves andcarcasses can be used to produced cellulolysic ethanol by

fermentation and conse:uently used as energy source for the

*ute industry or sold off

-%-N =D07 / +U#0 &C0%%-N>

+ute processing and production of *ute material is a long process in contrast to cotton #his is probably 'hy

uses of *ute is undermined by cotton -n order to make *ute a real competitor of cotton and make *ute more

popular in the tetile industry, a composite mechanism from the harvesting of *ute plants to *ute fibre should

be made #his is 'here the vision model comes in this model illustrates a machine that 'ould intake *ute

plants and give *ute fibres at the other end of the machine


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insertionof ra5

jute plants

ribbonretting b

highactivit

en$mes

speeddring

mechanical

separationof jutebres

processing of jutebres

collectionof highqualitjute

JUTE PRODUCTS

INSERTI

ON O"

JUTE

JUTE

"IBR


15/16

A& &(' 2JRI "' 6A" 0A) J>&' 1R*>#&6 6*0' *; "(I#( "' I )*& '!')

&(I)? #*>+ '@I6&. 1'R(A16 &(' 0*6& '@#I&I) *)' "A6 &(' R**; 6('

0A' 2 J>&'.

SPECIAL APPRECIATI! "ES #T $R %R& %!AL%

'A(ES "(E) SIR A!% %R& (#!A*AR S#LATA!A

AL!" *IT+ ALL T+E RESEPECTE% TEAC+ERS&


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*E ARE T+A!,$#L T T+E A#T+RIT- $ B'RI

A!% ALL T+E *AR( (E(BERS $ B'RI&

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