report psycho

8/10/2019 Report Psycho

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Chapter 3

PERSONALITY


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This chapter tackled about:1. What is personality2. Aspects of personality

3. How far can personality be acquired

4. Personality factors related to job production and turnover

5. The Filipino Values and Personality

6. Personality for business

7. Mature personality

8. How Personality can be improved

9. Suggestions for personality development

10. Reasons for developing personality


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What is PERSONALITY?

Personality is commonly associatedwith the individuals physical

appearance which is synonymous to

external beauty or attractiveness.It is more than charm, poise, or

physical appearance.

Refers to the whole individual.


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PERSONALITY also define

as:the over all pattern, or the integration of

his structures, modes of behavior,

interests, attitudes, intellectual

abilities, aptitudes, and many otherdistinguishable personality traits.


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Psychoanalysts study the depth

of personality through free

association and analysis ofdreams.


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THE TWO FACTORS

THAT GIVE RISE TO

PERSONALITY:


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HEREDITY and

ENVIRONMENTThe causes which lie within and those which

take effect from without the individual. What one

is, depends not only upon what one has inheritedbut also upon the influence of the environment in

part: the house, the school, the church, the club,

the neighborhood, the state and nation to which

one belongs.


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This contributes to produce ones personal

qualities:Rewards and penalties

Praise and blames

Personality in some degree depends uponthe nervous system, the inheritedcomplexity and plasticity of which

determines sensation, perception,memory, imagination and associativethought


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ASPECTS ofPERSONALITY

Padilla(1969) has classified thepersonality traits into the following

aspects


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1. The Physical Aspect

- This aspect has a lot of to do with personality. It

has 4 kinds of personality based on physique

illustrated by Krestchmer


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(1)The athletic type- the person is tall andwell-built.

(2)The asthenic type- the person is tall andthin, highly idealistic, unsociable,anddeep thinker; he is the introvert type.

(3)The pyknic typ- the person is short andfa, happy-go-lucky, adaptable, alternatesbetween moods of elation anddepression but will be predominantlyextroverted

(4)The dysplastic type- this is the non-classified type.


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2. The Mental Aspect

How the person talks, the range ofideas he expresses, and the things he

talks about, as well as his values and

mental alertness give evidence of hisintellectual capacity.

It depends upon the intelligence of the

individual; the better the education,the better the personality.


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3. The Emotional Aspect

A persons emotional make up is shown

by his likes and dislikes.


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4. The Social Aspects

It is how well a person conducts himselfwith other people and how well he

observes the rules of etiquette that

govern society. Sociable,approachable, and friendly men and

women know how to get along with

both friends and foes.


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5. The Spiritual Aspects

This is the consciousness of the highervalues in life. Religion expresses

spiritual values. It includes the

persons faith, beliefs, philosophy andthe like.


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6. The Moral Aspects

This has to do with a persons

awareness of the difference betweenwhat is wrong or right, his positive or

negative adherence to the dos and

donts of the society.


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HOW FAR CAN

PERSONALITY BE

ACQUIRED?


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Environment may be bring out some ofthe best and some of the worst inpersonality, depending upon therelation between the inherited traits

and the social stimuli. If most of thewishes and urges of an individual arecontinually repressed, his personalitymay become abnormal, rebellios andantogonistic.


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Barton and catell (1971) found that

personality factors and specific workattitudes determine whether aperson will be promoted, notpromoted, or leave the job.

Three hundred and nine high schoolseniors were tested on CatellsSixteen Personality FactorQuestionnaire in 1965 and again 5years later, in 1970, after leaving

school for employment . Analysesexamined (a) possible selectivepersonality factors associated with

job promotion or job change, and (b)changes in personality related to job

promotion or job change.


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THE FILIPINO VALUES AND

PERSONALITY It is generally accepted that highly generalized

value and attitude system form deeper levels of

personality content. Values affect business and the

management of organizations. One might ask thefollowing questions: why do Filipinos behave and

continue to behave the way they do? What forces

contributed to the development of the unique

personality of the Filipinos?

The term value is defined as anything good,

important, and desirable in life. It can be

illustrated in the way it is seen at work in ones

behavior.


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ANIMALS AND GOALS

Philippine cultural values and attitudes may be

explained in terms of aims and goals. Father

Lynch (1964) describe the aims to be at work in

the observed bahavior in the lowland Filipino. These findings are corroborated by Father

Bulataos classification of values, namely:

emotional closeness and security in a family;

approval by the authority and social betterment;and patience and suffering and endurance. In

another work, he characterizes the Filipino as

personalistic, authoritarian, and small- group

centered.


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SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE

One of the most frequently observed patterns of

Filipino behavior which is highly desirable to him,

is the ability to accept ones fellow for what one is,

thinks ones station. Complimenting this culturaltheme, as he calls it, are two other intermediate

values- smoothness of interpersonal relations

(SIR) and sensitivity to personal affront (self-

esteem) or often called amor propio.

To the Filipinos, this is what SIR implies: the

facility at getting along with others in such a way

as to avoid outward signs of conflict: sour looks,

harsh words, open disagreement, or physical

violence.


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PERSONALITY OF

BUSINESS Personality, the most distinctive feature of any

individual, is one of the major qualifications in

applying for the a job. Although personality shows

itself even when there are no people around toimpress, we shall discuss personality on terms of

external impressions, which recognized easily.

This is bound to be true, since a persons

appearance may represent what he wishes hewere like, not what he actually is. In addition, most

personality characters are specific, not

generalized. For example, the traits of accuracy,

punctually, cleanliness, and so on are highly

specific.


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FACIAL APPEARANCE

Facial appearance for some is a minor part

of personality. The Laird (1961) believe that

it becomes a major item when the

appearance is either unusually attractive or

unusually homely.

In using cosmeties, Carney stresses that

too much rouge will make a girl look older,older, and cheap. While lipstick is

indispensable, mascara and eye shadow

are considered out of place in the daytime.


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AN EFFECTIVE

PERSONALITY Ones personality is considered effective

when a persons behavior manifests

successful adjustment to a given area if his

environment.

The key to a good personality is the ability

to adjust equally well to various types of life

situations, to make those responses whichresult in the greatest satisfaction of both

oneself and ones associates. The person

who has learned to conduct himself

positively in all the important areas of his


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MATURE PERSONALITY

Peale (1986) points out that a mature personality is

that which takes into account the elements of

physicality, morality, and spirituality in balanced

combinations. One has to work hard to gain it.Physical or outward appearance, however great or

fantastic, does not imply mature personality.

One may put it as an individuals pattern of habits,

attitudes and traits as well as of adjustment thatdetermines the maintenance of his self-respect in

relation to his environment. One must have reached

the full development of all its aspects- physical,

biological, emotional, mental, social, spiritual, and

moral.


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EARMARKS OF A MATURE

PERSONALITYIn business, mature personality is a requisite.Behavioral scientists generally agree that thefollowing are the identifying marks of a maturepersonality:

1. A mature person accepts responsibilities; hedoes not shrink from duties.

2. He accepts an unpleasant task, considering it asa normal or ordinary experience which shapeshis life.

3. He does not nurse grudges. Instead, he tries tounderstand others and does not insist on beingunderstood by them.

4. He is amiable and enjoys the company of many

different persons. He tries to remember everyperson not by his imperfections but by the


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5. He does not expect his fellowmen to be perfect since he knows that

everyone is subject to human frailties.

6. A mature individual has lots of patience and perseverance towards work

since he is aware of the fact that it requires time before he can profit from them.

7. He can accept, even enlist, help, considering this not a sign of weakness but

of maturity.

8. He has tolerance. Laird et al. (1975) define tolerance as the capacity to

listen to another persons point of view and to try to understanding his values.

He allows others enjoy the expression of their opinions and beliefs.

9. He profits from constructive criticism. He takes criticism as an ordinary outlet

for improving his qualities or discarding those unpleasantness that the majority

see in him.

10. He knows that he cannot always be dependent upon his parents for support.

Earning will be his next step to be able to run his own life. A mature individual

then tends to increase his responsibility specially at the time he his own family.

11. He works with a long-range plan. Erlich (1967) expresses the view that a

person who has a mature personality is one whose work is motivated by a long-range plan. For instance, a young married couple is said to be working with a

long-range plan if they take steps toward having their own house and save

money for the future of their children.

12. Experts are one in their view that a mature person has courage to do right

when others around him are doing wrong. He has a strong determination not to

do a thing he fully knows destroy him and others.


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PERSONALITY CAN BE

IMPROVED Improving ones effect upon others is the goalof anybody. Since no two individuals are

exactly alike, no two people can be improved

by exactly the same plan. If you really wish to improve your personality,

you need to develop your know-how in such

areas as: manner of speaking, understanding

of other people, their attitudes and beliefs.

Improving your personality in a sincere and

lasting way will be much work but will be fun

too, because it centers your attention uponeo le ourself and others.


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PERSONALITY

IMPROVEMENTSome of Dr. Roy Beutherssuggestions to improvepersonality follow:

1. Be conscious of the other person. Talk about the

subject that interest him, and will regard you as a

person with an interesting personality.

2. Assume that people like you. If you show that you

want people to talk to you, they will respond

warmly.

3. Admit your defects.

4. Admire your friends.

5. Associate with people who are successful and

happy. Seek the company of others who can give

you new points of view and thoughts, new hopes


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6. Attend social gatherings.

7. Change your environment occasionally.Take a vacation and rest in a new place.Change your home and house atmospherewhenever you can.

If we can follow the above, personality canbe improved.

WHEN IS PERSONALITY GOOD? Yourpersonality is good if it makes you happyand makes your associates happy too; if

you are likeable; if you are successful inmost of your undertakings; if your emotionsare pleasant for you as well as for others.


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DEVELOPING

PERSONALITYThe development of our personality is our greatresponsibility. Some reasons why there is a need

for developing personality are:

1. For social acceptance,

2. For self-satisfaction,

3. For self-confidence, and4. To keep ourselves on the job.


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1. The Filipino reacts strongly to social acceptance. Itis the third need in the Filipino hierarchy of needs,

that is, the desire to be taken by his fellows forwhat they believe him to be and treated inaccordance with his status.

2. Another important reason for developingpersonality is for self-satisfaction. We feel not only

comfortable but also happy when we have a goodpersonality.

3. An important consequence of a well-developpersonality is self-confidence. When we are awarethat we have a pleasing personality, we have the

confidence to face anybody.4. Of much significance as to why we have to developour personality is to keep ourselves on the job.Personality has a great deal to do with holding ajob.

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