report theme grey - south staffordshire · draft idr 17/2/17 mgh/19/2/17 rev a mgh 24/2/17 mgh...
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Appendix I Landscape and Visual Appraisal, prepared by FPCR
Trebor Developments LLP
White Hill, Kinver
LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL APPRAISAL
24 February 2017
FPCR Environment and Design Ltd Registered Office: Lockington Hall, Lockington, Derby DE74 2RH Company No. 07128076. [T] 01509 672772 [F] 01509 674565 [E] [email protected] [W] www.fpcr.co.uk This report is the property of FPCR Environment and Design Ltd and is issued on the condition it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised person, either wholly or in part without the written consent of FPCR Environment and Design Ltd. Ordnance Survey material is used with permission of The Controller of HMSO, Crown copyright 100018896.
Rev Issue Status Prepared / Date Approved/Date
Draft IDR 17/2/17 MGH/19/2/17
Rev A MGH 24/2/17 MGH 24/2/17
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CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 2
2.0 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................. 3
3.0 PLANNING POLICY ............................................................................................................. 6
4.0 BASELINE CONDITIONS ................................................................................................... 10
5.0 LANDSCAPE PROPOSALS ............................................................................................... 19
6.0 LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL EFFECTS .............................................................................. 20
7.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ..................................................................................... 26
FIGURES
Figure 1: Site Location Plan
Figure 2: Landscape Character
Figure.3: Topography Plan
Figure 4: Aerial Photograph
Figure 5: Visual Appraisal
Figure 6: Photo Viewpoints
APPENDICES
Appendix A: LVIA Methodology & Assessment Criteria
Appendix B: Landscape Effects Table
Appendix C: Visual Effects Table
Appendix D: Sketch Appraisal Plans 1244-12 Rev A & B and 1244 - 02
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 This Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) has been carried out for the proposed development
allocation by FPCR Environment and Design Ltd (FPCR). The purpose of this LVA study is to
provide an assessment of the likely landscape and visual effects of the proposed development site.
The landscape and visual effects have been considered in relation to the indicative proposals
detailed in the Sketch Appraisals 1244-12 Rev A & B and 1244 - 02 (Refer to Appendix D).
1.2 FPCR are a multi-disciplinary environmental and design consultancy with over 50 years’
experience of architecture, landscape, ecology, urban design, masterplanning and environmental
impact assessment. The practice is a member of the Landscape Institute and Institute of
Environmental Management and Assessment and are frequently called upon to provide expert
evidence on landscape and visual issues at Public and Local Plan Inquiries.
Site Location
1.3 The site is situated on land to the south of White Hill along the western settlement edge of Kinver,
a large village in South Staffordshire.
1.4 Figure 1 shows the location and context of the site.
Proposed Development
1.5 The proposal is for a residential development of 30 dwellings (Area A 3.57 acres shown on Sketch
Appraisal 1244-12 Rev A) on land with a draft allocation, incorporating areas of public open space
and structural landscape planting.
1.6 A second option is also considered in this LVIA showing an increased area of development which
would yield up to 57 dwellings and would include comprehensive green infrastructure (Area A 6.57
acres shown on Sketch Appraisal 1244-12 Rev B).
1.7 A third option showing Approximately 100 dwellings is shown on drawing 122 – 02.
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2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 This LVA has been prepared based upon the Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact
Assessment, third edition (GLVIA3), published by the Landscape Institute and the Institute of
Environmental Management and Assessment, in 2013.
2.2 In summary the GVLIA3 states:
“Landscape and Visual impact assessment (LVIA), is a tool used to identify and assess the
significance of and the effects of change resulting from development on both landscape as an
environmental resource in its own right and on people’s views and visual amenity.”
2.3 There are two components of LVIA:
Assessment of landscape effects; assessing effects on the landscape as a resource in its own
right;
Assessment of visual effects: assessing effects on specific views and on the general visual
amenity experienced by people.
2.4 The components of this report include: baseline studies; description and details of the landscape
proposals and mitigation measures to be adopted as part of the scheme; identification and
description of likely effects arising from the proposed development; and an assessment of the
significance of these effects.
2.5 In terms of baseline studies the assessment provides an understanding of the landscape in the
area to be affected, its constituent elements, character, condition and value. For the visual baseline
this includes an understanding of the area in which the development may be visible, the people
who may experience views, and the nature of views.
Assessment of Landscape Effects
2.6 GLVIA3 states that “An assessment of landscape effects deals with the effects of change and
development on landscape as a resource”. The baseline landscape is described by reference to
existing landscape character assessments and by a description of the site and its context.
2.7 A range of landscape effects can arise through development. These can include:
Change or loss of elements, features, aesthetic or perceptual aspects that contribute to the
character and distinctiveness of the landscape
Addition of new elements that influence character and distinctiveness of the landscape
Combined effects of these changes
2.8 The characteristics of the existing landscape resource are considered in respect of the
susceptibility of the landscape resource to the change arising from this development. The value of
the existing landscape is also considered.
2.9 Each effect on landscape receptors is assessed in terms of size or scale, geographical extent of
the area influenced and its duration and reversibility. In terms of size or scale, the judgement takes
account of the extent of the existing landscape elements that will be lost or changed, and the
degree to which the aesthetic or perceptual aspects or key characteristics of the landscape will be
altered by removal or addition of new elements.
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2.10 The overall landscape effect is determined by considering the sensitivity of the landscape receptors
and the magnitude of effect on the landscape. Final conclusions on the overall landscape effects
are drawn from the assessment components described.
2.11 This appraisal describes the nature of the landscape effects. The criteria used in the appraisal are
set out in Appendix A.
Assessment of Visual Effects
2.12 An assessment of visual effects deals with the effects of change and development on the views
available to people and their visual amenity.
2.13 The first stage in the assessment is to map approximate visibility. This can be done by a computer
Zone of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV), or by manual methods, using map study and field evaluation.
A series of viewpoints are included within the assessment that are representative of views towards
the site from surrounding visual receptors. Other views of the site are included where it supports
the description and understanding of the site`s landscape and visual characteristics.
2.14 The views also typically represent what can be seen from a variety of distances from the
development and different viewing experiences.
2.15 It is important to remember that visual receptors are all people. For each affected viewpoint, the
assessment considers both susceptibility to change in views and the value attached to views. The
visual receptors most susceptible to change are generally likely to include:
residents at home
people engaged in outdoor recreation, including use of public rights of way, whose attention or
interest is likely to be focused on the landscape or particular views;
visitors to heritage assets or other attractions, where views of surroundings are an important
contributor to the experience;
communities where views contribute to the landscape setting enjoyed by residents in the area.
2.16 Travellers on road, rail or other transport routes tend to fall into an intermediate category of
susceptibility to change. Where travel involves recognised scenic routes awareness of views is
likely to be particularly high.
2.17 Visual receptors likely to be less sensitive to change include:
People engaged in outdoor sport or recreation which does not involve or depend upon
appreciation of views of the landscape;
People at their place of work whose attention may be focused on their work or activity, not on
their surroundings.
2.18 Each of the visual effects is evaluated in terms of its size or scale, the geographical extent of the
area influenced and its duration or reversibility.
2.19 In terms of size or scale, the magnitude of visual effects takes account of:
The scale of the change in the view with respect to the loss or addition of features in the view
and changes in its composition, including proportion of the view occupied by the proposed
development;
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The degree of contrast or integration of any new features or changes in the landscape with the
existing or remaining landscape elements and characteristics in terms of form, scale and mass,
line height, colour and texture;
The nature of the view of the proposed development, in terms of the relative amount of time
over which it will be experienced and whether views will be full, partial or glimpses.
2.20 The geographical extent of the visual effect in each viewpoint is likely to reflect:
The angle of view in relation to the main activity of the receptor
The distance of the viewpoint from the proposed development
The extent of the area over which the changes would be visible.
2.21 As with landscape effects, the duration of the effect could be short to long term or permanent and
the same definitions apply. The criteria used in this appraisal are included at Appendix A.
Overall Landscape and Visual Effects
2.22 The final conclusions on effects, whether adverse or beneficial, are drawn from the separate
judgements on the sensitivity of the receptors and the magnitude of the effects. This overall
judgement involves a reasoned professional overview of the individual judgements against the
criteria, to then make the overall judgement.
2.23 For this appraisal, the following descriptive thresholds have been used with regard to effects:-
Major: An effect that will fundamentally change and be in direct contrast to the existing
landscape or views;
Moderate: An effect that will markedly change the existing landscape or views but may retain
or incorporate some characteristics/ features currently present;
Minor: An effect that will entail limited or localised change to the existing landscape/ views or
will entail more noticeable localised change but including both adverse and beneficial effects
and is likely to retain or incorporate some characteristics/ features currently present;
Negligible: An effect that will be discernible yet of very limited change to the existing landscape
or views.
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3.0 PLANNING POLICY
National Planning Policy
National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF, 2012)
3.1 The NPPF sets out the Government’s planning polices for England and how these are expected to
be applied. At the heart of the NPPF is the presumption in the favour of sustainable development.
Paragraph 6 states:
“The purpose of the planning system is to contribute to the achievement of sustainable
development.”
3.2 The three dimensions to delivering sustainable development are: economic, social and
environmental.
“an environmental role - contributing to protecting and enhancing our natural, built and
historic environment; and, as part of this, helping to improve biodiversity, use natural
resources prudently, minimise waste and pollution, and mitigate and adapt to climate
change including moving to a low carbon economy.” (para 7)
3.3 The core planning principles include the following:
“always seek to secure high quality design and a good standard of amenity for all existing
and future occupants of land and buildings”;
take account of the different roles and character of different areas, promoting the vitality
of our main urban areas, protecting the Green Belts around them, recognising the intrinsic
character and beauty of the countryside and supporting thriving rural communities within
it” (para 17)
3.4 The NPPF supports good design to enhance the quality of the built and natural environment.
“The Government attaches great importance to the design of the built environment. Good
design is a key aspect of sustainable development, is indivisible from good planning, and
should contribute positively to making places better for people” (para 56)
3.5 “Planning polices and decisions should aim to ensure that development:
Establishes a strong sense of place, using streetscapes and buildings to create attractive
and comfortable places to live, work and visit;
Optimise the potential of the site to accommodate development, create and sustain an
appropriate mix of uses (including incorporation of green and other public space as part of
developments) and support local facilities and transport networks;
Respond to local character and history, and reflect the identity of local surroundings and
materials, while not preventing or discouraging appropriate innovation; and
Are visually attractive as a result of good architecture and appropriate landscaping.” (para
58)
3.6 The NPPF seeks to conserve and enhance the natural environment – protecting and enhancing
valued landscapes, and affording great weight to the protection of areas of natural and scenic
beauty, such as National Parks, the Broads and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
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“The planning system should contribute to and enhance the natural and local environment by:
Protecting and enhancing valued landscapes, geological conservation interests and soils’” (para
109)
“Local planning authorities should set criteria based policies against which proposals for a
development on or affecting protected wildlife or geodiversity sites or landscape areas will be
judged. Distinctions should be made between the hierarchy of international, national and locally
designated sites so that protection is commensurate with their status and gives appropriate weight
to their importance and the contribution that they make to wider ecological networks.” (para 113)
“Local planning authorities should:
Set out a strategic approach in their Local Plans, planning positively for the creation, protection,
enhancement and management of networks of biodiversity and green infrastructure;” (para 114)
National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG, 2014)
3.7 The NPPG came into force on the 6th March 2014 and is an online planning resource which
provides guidance on the NPPF and the planning system. The NPPF continues to be the primary
document for decision making.
Local Planning Policy
A Local Plan for South Staffordshire: Core Strategy DPD (Adopted 2012)
3.8 The following policies are of relevance to landscape and visual matters and the proposed
development:
Core Policy 2: Protecting and Enhancing the Natural and Historic Environment
Core Policy 3: Sustainable Development and Climate Change
Core Policy 4: Promoting High Quality Design
Policy OC1: Development in the Open Countryside Beyond the West Midlands Green Belt
Policy EQ1: Protecting, Enhancing and Expanding Natural Assets
Policy EQ4: Protecting and Enhancing the Character and Appearance of the Landscape
Policy EQ12: Landscaping
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Emerging Site Allocations Document The Publication Plan January 2017
3.9 The SAD, once adopted, will set out site specific proposals and policies for the use of land to guide
future development, in order to help deliver the vision and objectives of the Core Strategy.
3.10 This is a consultation document which represents the Council’s final draft plan before it is sent to
the Secretary of State.
3.11 The following policies are of relevance to landscape and visual matters and the proposed
development:
Policy SAD2: The Housing Allocations
3.12 The northern section of the site has been strategically allocated for residential development to meet
the housing needs of Kinver settlement, described as Kinver (a) Site Ref 274 Land South of White
Hill, with a minimum dwelling delivery of 30 units.
Policy SAD3: Safeguarded Land for Longer Term Development Needs
3.13 The southern section of the site has been strategically allocated for Safeguarded Land as Kinver
(b) Site Ref 274 Land South of White Hill, 3.9ha. This safeguarded land will be retained for longer
term development needs to meet the Core Strategy plan requirements.
Policy SAD6 Green Belt, Open Countryside and Development Boundary Amendments
3.14 In order to facilitate the above strategic allocation, the site area has been taken out of the Green
Belt Designation and the Settlement Boundary of Kinver amended as appropriate.
3.15 The following SAD policies are also considered relevant with regard to new developments;
Policy SAD7: Open Space Standards
Policy SAD9: Key Development Requirements
Design & Access
Historic Environment
Open Space, Green Infrastructure & Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDs)
Other Relevant Strategies, Guidelines or Documents
Village Design Guide SPD South Staffordshire Council (2009)
3.16 This sets out the detailed considerations which the Council expects applicants and developers to
take into account in the design of new developments. It is due to be revised for integration with the
adopted Core Strategy.
3.17 Kinver Village is defined as a main service village and the following are the specific Key Design
Principles relevant to landscape and visual implications for any new development within the
settlement;
Materials
Enhancement of [Village] Entrances
Density of Development
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Retention of Views of the Parish Church
Enhancement of The Green Space Character
3.18 Of particular significance to the site is the key design principle of;
Roof scape: materials and details.
3.19 It states that; ‘Its valley bottom setting, below Kinver Edge, gives an unusual focus on roofscapes,
consequently requiring careful attention in building design. Particular attention should therefore be
given to the coherence of the village roofscape,’
3.20 The section on Village Entrances mentions the junction of Compton Road and Meddins Lane as
being of particular importance. Views of the site from here are well contained by intervening
structural vegetation.
Policy Summary
3.21 The Proposed Policies Map relating to the emerging Site Allocations Publication Plan strategically
allocates White Hill for residential development as SAD2 274 and shows the site within the
Development Boundary. Beyond this plot and directly south lies a further allocation of land SAD3
274 designated as Safeguarded Land, this however not shown within the Development Boundary.
Both SAD2 & SAD3 are shown as taken out of the Green Belt Designation.
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4.0 BASELINE CONDITIONS
Landscape Character
National Character
4.1 National Character Area (NCA) profiles have prepared by Natural England for the 159 NCA`s
defined across England. These NCA profiles include a description of the natural and cultural
features that shape the landscape, how the landscape has changed over time, the current key
drivers for ongoing change, and a broad analysis of each area’s characteristics. Figure 2 illustrates
the NCA`s and other defined character areas within the context of the site.
4.2 At this very broad landscape scale, the site, lies within Natural England's National Character Area
(NCA) 66 ‘Mid Severn Sandstone Plateau’. This NCA stretches from Telford in the north to
Stourport on Severn in the south and therefore covers a very extensive landscape tract. Under Key
Characteristics the NCA description includes the following references which are broadly relevant
to the site;
‘Extensive sandstone plateau in the core and east of the NCA underpins an undulating
landscape with tree-lined ridges; this contrasts with the irregular topography and steep,
wooded gorges of the Severn Valley in the west.
Permian and Triassic sandstones erode to free-draining, slightly acid mineral soils which
historically supported extensive heathland and grassland. In contrast, marls and sandstones
associated with Coal Measures erode to clayey (argillic) brown earth soils.
The plateau is drained by the rivers Worfe and Stour and fast-flowing streams in small wooded,
steep-sided streamside dells, locally known as dingles.
The main river is the fast-flowing Severn, flowing north to south in the west of the NCA, often
through steep, wooded gorges, the largest being the Ironbridge Gorge.
Interlocking blocks of mixed woodland and old orchards provide a well-wooded landscape and
conifer plantations combine with parklands to give an estate character.
Large, open arable fields with a weak hedgerow pattern on the plateau contrast with mixed
arable and pasture land with smaller, irregular shaped fields bounded by hedgerows with
hedgerow oaks in the west.
Traditional buildings constructed of brick vary in colour. The local Kidderminster and
Bromsgrove Sandstone features extensively. Its characteristic red colouration provides local
distinctiveness to many towns and villages and estate boundary walls.
The Stour and Severn valleys contain frequent villages and there are a number of attractive
historic towns, for example Bridgnorth and Bewdley with cores of Georgian and earlier
buildings; there are fine individual examples of timber-framed buildings in Kinver, Bewdley and
Bridgnorth.
Important manmade features include the Roman road Watling Street, the Staffordshire and
Worcestershire Canal, the M54 and the railway line that links the urban areas of Birmingham
and the Black Country in the east with Shrewsbury in the neighbouring NCA in the west.’
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4.1 The NCA description also states;
‘…To the east, the land rises out of the Stour Valley and the sandstone ridge at Kinver Edge
provides views across the Cannock Chase and Cank Wood and Arden NCAs.’
4.2 The following Statement of Opportunity is relevant to the site;
‘SEO 1: Protect, expand and appropriately manage the characteristic habitats of the NCA,
specifically lowland heathland, acid grasslands and woodland including orchards and hedgerows,
thus reinforcing the sense of history and reducing habitat fragmentation for the benefits that this
will bring to resource protection, biodiversity, climate regulation and the recreational and
experiential qualities of the NCA.’
Regional Landscape Character Assessment – Planning for Landscape Change: Supplementary Planning Guidance 2001 Staffordshire County Council
4.3 The Planning for Landscape Change SPG was undertaken at Regional Level for the Staffordshire
and Stoke on Trent Structure Plan 1996-2011. It subdivides the landscape into Landscape
Character Types and the site lies within the ‘Sandstone Estatelands’ LCT, specifically with a
landscape character sub-category of ‘Estatelands’.
4.4 The following are extracts of this landscape character sub-type;
‘This is a varied agricultural landscape of intensive arable production but with pockets of less
intensive pastoral farming. The rolling landform gives way to flatter land along the river valleys, but
there are dominant ridge features with scarp slopes. Prominent large-scale hill and ridge top
woodlands visually dominate the area, whilst on the mid-slopes, woodlands are sparser and of
medium scale. Many of the woodlands have a heathy character to them.
This is a landscape that appears far more wooded than it actually is, with prominent positioning of
woodlands and the coalescence of mature hedgerow oaks in places. The slopes in turn give way
to well-treed valleys where lines of poplars can occasionally be found. Increased numbers of
mature hedgerow oaks locally provide filtered views of three to four fields distance.
The unifying feature of this varied landscape is the dominance of landform over a weak medium
scale regular and irregular field pattern, although that pattern is very visible because of its position
on the slopes.
This is an area that is influenced by a number of halls, with attendant parkland and associated
estatelands. Farms are large, with extensive modern buildings and there are characteristic home
farms and estate cottages. Villages are expanding with the increase in commuter dwellings and
small lanes show the obvious signs of becoming well used rat-runs.
Where farmland abuts the conurbation the landscape reflects this influence, hedgerow deterioration
being more evident and horsey culture becoming frequent.’
4.5 The SPG provides specific guidance on tree and woodland planting for this sub-category LCT;
‘The existing ridge planting should be extended down the slopes, reflecting their heathy character.
Woodlands should be of large scale to fit into the land-cover pattern, but predominantly shaped to
landform and increasing in scale up the slopes. Field corner planting is not appropriate. On the
lower ground large scale broadleaved or mixed woodlands, shaped to field pattern or localised
landform, would fit into the existing character of the landscape. Overall a large amount of additional
woodland would be appropriate, provided long belts alongside roads are avoided, views through
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the landscape are retained and care is taken not to enclose areas completely with additional
woodland.’
4.1 The SPG proposes a landscape policy objective as ‘Maintenance’ for this LCT and the site does
not occupy any zones classified as ‘Areas of highest landscape sensitivity’ or ‘Landscape at risk of
rapid loss of character or quality’.
4.2 The Planning for Landscape Change character assessment can be considered as broadly
appropriate to the characteristics of the site and its immediate context.
District Landscape Sensitivity Study – South Staffordshire Landscape Sensitivity Study Update 2017 by South Staffordshire Council
4.3 The South Staffordshire Landscape Sensitivity Study has been undertaken at a District level to
inform the Sites Allocation Document January 2017, which forms part of the Local Plan. The study
sub-divides the landscape into land parcels with potential for residential development. The site has
been assessed as land parcel ‘Kinver KV11’, which describes Kinver as follows;
‘The village is located along the valley of the River Stour, below the heath and wooded sandstone
escarpment of Kinver Edge which dominate and overlooks the settlement. The village’s landscape
setting is enclosed by the woodland and river valley with the Staffordshire and Worcestershire
Canal roughly following the course of the river….A ribbon development extends from the main body
of the settlement to the west along White Hill.
The core of the village is focussed on High Street… Later residential development has grown out
to create a series of lower density suburban areas. There remains a strong historic character from
the many timber framed buildings in High Street and the rock houses on Kinver Edge.
The village can be seen as sitting within a ‘bowl’ and has a well treed character in views form higher
land. From the settlement views are dominated by the wooded escarpment and St. Peter’s Church
that rises above the village. There are also very significant areas of mainly coniferous woodland to
the north and north-west.’
4.4 The Land Cover Parcel Kinver KV11 is described thus;
‘The LCP comprises a number of regular shaped fields subdivided by hedgerows containing
prominent hedgerow trees. The land is gently undulating with an overall fall from west to east
towards the settlement edge. The eastern edge of the LCP is provided by the rear gardens of
residential dwellings in Windsor Crescent with the northern boundary being White Hill. A significant
area of woodland known as Redcliff Covert is located immediately beyond the southern LCP
boundary and wraps around to the west. The remainder of the western boundary is formed by the
end of a ribbon development along White Hill. The Staffordshire Way crosses east-west the
southernmost field. A small complex of pre-20th century buildings is located in the north eastern
corner of the LCP.’
4.5 Key characteristics are stated as;
Smooth rolling landform
Intensive arable farmland with a remnant field pattern of large, open, regular fields
Broadleaved and mixed woodlands with silver birch
Well treed stream valleys
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Plantations and game coverts
Parkland
Straight roads
Heathy remnants and roadside bracken
Red brick farmsteads and estate cottages
4.6 Landscape sensitivity to housing development is stated as: Medium
4.7 It goes on to justify this evaluation;
‘The LCP is subject to significant urban influences and is completely contained by built form on the
northern and eastern boundaries with further built form along part of the western boundary. The
LCP has visual appeal and there are views to the south to a wooded backdrop. The hedgerow
between the two fields in the northern part of the LCP is a significant feature as are its hedgerow
trees.’
4.8 It makes the following comments on any proposed residential development;
‘Any development would need to be located in the western part of the site to protect skyline and to
follow the topography of the LCP. The PRoW (Staffordshire Way) would need sufficient stand-off
from development and could form the basis for on-site open space provision. This would also create
a buffer area between any development and Redcliff Covert.’
4.9 Since Kinver is an historic settlement, it is considered pertinent to reference the published
Historical Environment Character Assessment South Staffordshire 2011, by South
Staffordshire Council.
4.10 The site is shown within KVHECZ5, with land associated with Potter’s Cross Farm shown as 18/19th
Century Planned Enclosure, with Redcliff Covert to the south and west of the site identified as
woodland plantations.
4.11 It states ’An Act of Parliament to enclose the former common land to the west of Kinver was passed
in 1774, which resulted in a planned enclosure pattern comprising straight field boundaries and
straightened or re-aligned road.’
Landscape Designations
4.12 The site does not lie within any national or local designation. The following designations are
however within the site’s immediate context;
4.13 Enville Hall RGP is located approximately 1km to the north west of the site. The English Heritage
records the designation as grade II listed and states;
‘A landscape park of c 1750 designed with the assistance of William Shenstone and remains of
extensive gardens of mid C19, associated with a country house.’
4.14 Kinver Camp Scheduled Ancient Monument is located 430m south of the site along the plateau of
Kinver Edge. The EH records the monument as the buried remains and earthworks of an Iron Age
univallate hill fort.
4.15 Kinver Edge National Trust Estate is located 250m south of the site. The estate incorporates Holly
Austin Rock Houses, Nanny’s Rock and a network of walking trails range across the slopes and
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plateau of the wooded ridgeline. A Toposcope facility is sited at the summit to interpret the
panoramic 360 degree views.
4.16 Kinver Conservation Area is located approximately 750m to the south east of the site, and is
concentrated predominantly around the medieval core of the settlement’s High Street and also
extends up along the high ground taking into account the Parish Church and Kinver’s historical
landscape of early field patterns to the south eastern settlement edge. There is no inter-visibility
between the site and the CA due to built form and structural vegetation.
4.17 The Public Right of Way ‘Staffordshire Way’ traverses west-east across the southern section of the
site, running parallel and within close proximity of Redcliff Covert.
Topography
4.18 The following should be read in conjunction with Figure 2.
Context – Landform
4.19 The village is located along the valley of the River Stour, below the heath and wooded sandstone
escarpment of Kinver Edge, which dominates and overlooks the settlement.
4.20 The topography of the site`s context is defined by the high wooded ridgeline of Kinver Edge whose
plateau ranges between 145-160m AOD. This ridgeline overlooks the site which lies within a
lowland valley depression and characterised by localised rolling and undulating landform before
the land rises to higher ground to the north and north west of the site in the vicinity of Enville, circa
200m AOD.
Site - Landform
4.21 The site generally comprises an east facing terrain, over the lower foot slopes of the rising Kinver
Edge ridgeline. The higher ground in the west of the site broadly falls towards the eastern perimeter
of the site, but with localised bluffs and hollows forming a pronounced character for the site.
4.22 A distinctive feature of the site is the centrally located bluff which straddles both the northern and
southern fields, along which runs a hedgerow structure and mature hedgerow trees.
4.23 The north western site corner is approximately 81.7m falling to 71.0m AOD in the north eastern
corner, with the south western corner approximately 87m falling to 76.7m AOD in the south east.
Site and Immediate Context
4.24 An assessment of landscape character of the site and its immediate context has been carried out,
providing a finer level of assessment than the published studies.
4.25 The site is located on land south of White Hill, a residential development extending westwards from
the village core towards the open countryside. The character of the site is evident as a break within
built form affording immediate views opening up to the south of open pastoral farmland, and defined
by the distinctive backdrop of the wooded escarpment of Kinver Edge.
4.26 The vergeside along White Hill is defined by a continuous trimmed hedgerow with access to the
site afforded by a farm gate adjacent the Potter’s Cross Farm Building complex to the eastern
corner of the site.
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4.27 The site itself comprises three medium scale pastoral regular shaped fields enclosed by a robust
structure of hedgerow, with some lost sections infilled with timber rail agricultural fencing.
4.28 Low voltage overhead transmission lines traverse the site diagonally southwest to northeast
forming a low level visual intrusion but which does not interfere with the wooded ridgeline skyline.
4.29 The distinctive localised landform of bluffs and hollows described in the previous section is
characteristic of the site and indeed of the surrounding landscape context, this character being
clearly evident and pronounced from both White Hill and along the public footpath Staffordshire
Way, which traverses the southern section of the site.
4.30 Another intrinsic feature of the site is the number of mature hedgerow trees within the field
enclosures imparting a strong contribution to the site character.
4.31 The experience along Staffordshire Way is initially influenced by the urbanised quality of the
adjacent housing estate of Windsor Crescent but which then opens out into open pastoral farmland
defined on both sides of the footpath corridor by undulating landform and a sense of enclosure
enhanced by the strong woodland edge of Redcliff Covert to the south and west.
4.32 The continuation of the residential development is evident to the north west with distinctive red
brick dwellings to the high ground as White Hill passes over a pronounced undulation of the rising
Kinver Edge foot slope. Additionally, a tract of land used for equine pasture lies adjacent to the
north west perimeter boundary and to the rear of residential properties along White Hill. There are
distant views north towards sequential wooded ridgelines north in the vicinity of Enville and beyond.
There is a ‘wedge’ of mid to late 20th century residential development occupying the land
immediately beyond White Hill and Enville Road.
4.33 Views from White Hill encompass the undulating farm land punctuated by mature tree canopies
and framed by development. The wooded backdrop is provided by the distinctive Kinver Edge
escarpment with residential dwellings seen nestled along the upper slopes of Comber.
Site Features
Landscape Value
4.34 In terms of "landscape value" it is appropriate to examine the role of the site and its immediate
context in terms of the range of local factors set out in the GLVIA3 (Box 5.1, page 84), and
summarised in the methodology. This considers the landscape in terms of a range of factors as set
out below. As a starting point, landscape designations have been considered.
4.35 Landscape Designations: The site and adjacent land is not subject to any national, local or other
landscape designations. The wider landscape context includes the National Trust Estate at Kinver
Edge, Kinver Camp SAM, , Enville Registered Park and Garden and Kinver Conservation Area.
4.36 Landscape Quality (Condition): The landscape of the site encompasses pastoral farmland with a
relatively intact and continuous field enclosure incorporating well maintained hedgerow and post
and rail agricultural fencing. There are many mature hedgerow trees with well formed canopies.
Overall the landscape can be considered to be in good condition and evidentially well stewarded.
4.37 Scenic Quality: Although the site is a settlement edge site, its intrinsic site features incorporating
its distinctive localised rolling landform, mature trees and well trimmed field hedgerows presents a
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rural scene, which when combined with the wooded backdrop of Kinver Edge escarpment, portray
a medium scenic quality
4.38 Rarity and Representativeness: The site and its immediate context are not rare and are typical of
settlement edge in the locality.
4.39 Conservation Interest: The site’s immediate context does not contain features of particular
conservation value. Kinver camp and Holly Austin Rock House are beyond the immediate site
context.
4.40 Recreational Value: The Staffordshire Way public footpath traverses through the site along its
southern section and therefore enables access and enjoyment by the public. Other than the
footpath, the site is not used for recreational uses.
4.41 Perceptual Aspects and Associations: The site is not particularly wild or tranquil, which are the
perceptual aspects identified in GLVIA. No intrinsic cultural associations relating to the site are
known. It is accessible via a public footpath which connects to a wider right of way network. The
site is overlooked by visitors to Kinver Edge plateau and the Holly Austin Rock House.
4.42 In conclusion and having appraised the above factors it is judged that the site and the immediate
landscape is of medium landscape value.
Visual Baseline
4.43 A visual appraisal has been undertaken for the site. This has explored the nature of the existing
visual amenity of the area and sought to establish the approximate visibility of the site from
surrounding locations and receptors. A series of photo viewpoints have been selected which
support this analysis.
4.44 Photographs have been taken to illustrate a view from a specific vantage point, or to demonstrate
a representative view for those receptors that are moving through the landscape, e.g. rights of way
users. The photographs may demonstrate varying degrees of visibility and include both short and
long range views. The photographs were taken in January 2017 and seasonal differences have
been taken into account when determining the visual effects on these receptors.
Photo Viewpoints
4.45 An assessment of the likely visual effects of the proposed development upon surrounding receptors
is detailed in the subsequent section. Figure 5 details the location of the viewpoints and different
receptor types, and Figure 6 illustrates the Photo Viewpoints. They are briefly described below;
Viewpoint 1, 2 and 3: Short Range Views from White Hill
4.46 Viewpoint 1 is a glimpsed immediate view of the site from White Hill verge through the opening of
Potter’s Cross farm gate. The robust hedgerow is prominent in the foreground with the site’s open
pastoral land beyond, with residential development evident in the background at the base of the
rising wooded ridgeline of Kinver Edge. Viewpoint 2 is an open view across the site with gently
rolling landform commanding the foreground and an internal field enclosure dissecting the site
north-south. An abundance of mature hedgerow trees punctuate the hedgerow structure, with a
low voltage overhead transmission line providing a visual intrusion within the scene. Residential
housing relating to Windsor Crescent is evident in the middle distance along with a tract of land
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used as equine pasture to the higher terrain in the west. Redcliff Covert and the distinctive ridgeline
of Kinver Edge frame the background scene.
4.47 Viewpoint 3 is an open view looking across from the higher terrain along White Hill looking south
east towards the site and Kinver. The site’s main features comprising robust hedgerows, mature
hedgerow trees and undulating landform are all evident within the fore and middle grounds. The
western urban edge of Kinver is clearly apparent filtered beyond mature tree canopies. The
residential dwellings of Comber can be seen integrated within the rising wooded ridgeline of Kinver
which commands the skyline to the south east.
Viewpoint 4 and 5: Short Range Views from Staffordshire Way
4.48 Viewpoint 4 is an open view of the southern section of the site as viewed from the Staffordshire
Way public footpath traversing westwards from the urban context of Kinver. The site’s rolling
localised topography channels views along the direction of travel with views of the residential
development along White Hill contained, equine pasture can be seen along the higher terrain in
the west along with the woodland edge of Redcliff Covert forming the background and skyline.
4.49 Viewpoint 5 is also taken from along Staffordshire Way public footpath looking back towards Kinver.
The open pastoral land of the site is evident with the mature hedgerow trees and rolling topography
containing longer range views. Filtered views of residential housing associated with Windsor
Crescent are afforded through mature trees in the background, with the rising escarpment lying to
the south.
Viewpoint 6 and 7: Mid Range Views from Kinver Edge
4.50 Viewpoint 6 is taken from the National Trust Holly Austin Rock House looking northwards across
the site. The site is partially visible in the middleground, being mostly contained by intervening
vegetation of Redcliff Covert at the base of Kinver Edge. The central section of the site is visually
contained both by residential builtform associated with Windsor Crescent and associated garden
vegetation, as well as the site’s own mature hedgerow tree canopies. Existing residential
development to the north of White Hill forms a pronounced section of urban context surrounded by
a well wooded scene, with the rolling hills towards Enville forming the skyline beyond.
4.51 Viewpoint 7 is taken from the high vantage point along the plateau of Kinver Edge at approximately
150m AOD looking north. There are long ranging broad panoramic views across different regions,
with the settlement of Kinver abutting the base of the escarpment in the fore to middleground. The
site is clearly evident with its open pastoral land and mature hedgerow trees, surrounded by the
woodland of Redcliff Covert to the south and west and existing housing relating to west Kinver to
the north and east. The rolling and well wooded hills around Enville form sequential ridgelines in
the mid distance with more distant hills beyond extending to the skyline.
Viewpoint 8: Long Range Views from Sheepwalks Lane
4.52 This is a long range panoramic view from the high ground along Sheepwalks Lane looking across
the valley towards the settlement of Kinver and its distinctive escarpment. The view is
representative from the perimeter edge of Enville Hall RGP, whose boundary is formed by the rural
lane’s hedgerow. The foreground view comprises a valley depression with rolling landform
punctuated by hedgerow trees and field boundaries. Kinver Edge wooded ridgeline is dominant to
the middleground with longer distance views of rolling hillsides extending into the background
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culminating with the Clent Hills on the horizon. The western settlement edge of Kinver is just
discernible and the village is well integrated within a seemingly well wooded context.
Summary of Visual Baseline
4.53 The baseline analysis results in a number of reasoned conclusions which are summarised below:
The site has a well contained visual envelope due to surrounding topography, built form and
structural vegetation. The wooded Kinver Edge escarpment provides a mid-range visual
backdrop to the south and south west whilst longer distance views towards rolling hills are
evident on the horizon towards the north beyond the settlement roofscape.
From an elevated position along the western realms of West Hill looking back towards the
settlement, there are glimpses afforded of the Parish Church lying along the ridgeline to the
south east, these views being filtered through the mature trees within the site.
Receptors in the vicinity of the site include residential properties, road users and users of the
Staffordshire Way public rights of way.
Receptors within mid-range are visitors to Kinver Edge National Trust site, specifically from
those trails along the plateau which allows 360 degree panoramic views across the region and
also visitors of Holly Austin Rock House.
Long distance views are mostly contained by topography, builtform and woodland but would
most likely be from the higher ground in the north west around Enville.
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5.0 LANDSCAPE PROPOSALS
Introduction
5.1 The development proposals are not yet developed, but plans 1244-12 Rev A and Rev B and 1244
– 02 show how the development could take place. The existing landscape resource and the visual
receptors and amenity of the site have been considered by the planning and design process and
have informed the resultant scheme. The landscape components of the scheme are an important
integral part of the proposals.
Landscape Design and GI Objectives
5.2 The key landscape and GI proposals for the scheme are;
Public Open Space (POS) along both the northern edge with White Hill, and to the southern
section of the site acting as a buffer to Redcliff Covert and Kinver Edge and facilitating a green
corridor for Staffordshire Way. The White Hill POS will provide a development set back to the
residents along White Hill and facilitate mid-range views over towards Kinver Edge helping to
retain the distinctive skyline.
A centrally located Community Green which will provide a neighbourhood pocket park and local
play amenity. It is recommended that this area of open space should be carefully considered in
the detailed design stage in order to accommodate the distinctive localised topography together
with the existing hedgerow structures and mature hedgerow trees.
Mitigate for the loss of any hedgerow, particularly along the site’s northern boundary with White
Hill to accommodate safe vehicular access, through new hedgerow re-alignment and amenity
planting within the POS.
The provision of POS, play and habitat related proposals.
The retention and enhancement of the site’s many mature hedgerow trees and hedgerow
structures.
The provision of robust site boundary vegetation to provide a landscape buffer between existing
neighbouring residential development.
A comprehensive network of tree planting across the site particularly along the primary streets,
public open space and individual plots.
Landscape Management
5.3 All of the landscape areas and public open space features will be managed and maintained. This
would be achieved through the implementation of a comprehensive Landscape Management Plan
(LMP), to ensure the successful establishment and continued thriving of the landscape proposals.
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6.0 LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL EFFECTS
6.1 The following section outlines the likely landscape and visual effects that would arise from
proposed development on the site. Schedules detailing these likely landscape and visual effects
for the receptors are included in Appendices B and C respectively. Please refer to these in
conjunction with the following descriptions.
Landscape Effects
Construction
6.2 The location and design of temporary site compounds, lighting, signage and perimeter screen
fencing, combined with effective project management would seek to ensure that potential
landscape effects are mitigated and minimised during the construction phase. It is anticipated that
the construction working methods would adopt best practices wherever practicable and be agreed
with the Local Planning Authorities and Statutory Bodies where necessary.
6.3 During construction, there would be some short term adverse landscape effects, resulting from the
construction work. None of these effects would be greater than the effects arising through the
operational phase of the development as described below.
Operation (following Completion)
6.4 At a national level the site lies well within the boundaries of NCA 66 ‘Mid Severn Sandstone
Plateau’. The NCA covers an extensive area of landscape and there will be localised variations in
landscape sensitivity. The proposed development would not result in any discernible change to
landscape character at this broad geographical scale and therefore has negligible effects on the
NCA as a whole both at completion and year 10.
6.5 The site lies within the ‘Sandstone Estate Lands Regional Character Area’ (Planning for Landscape
Change 2001 SPG South Staffordshire Council). Whilst the characteristics of the site itself are
consistent with a number of the key characteristics of the wider character area in which it lies, it is
considered that the site is closely related to the existing urban fabric of Kinver, with residential
development present to the west, north and all along its eastern flank.
6.6 Development will lead to the loss of three pastoral fields and the introduction of new housing
elements within an existing settlement edge context, it effectively being an infill consolidation of an
existing development along White Hill.
6.7 It is proposed that the site’s intrinsic landscape features such as the site’s landform, hedgerow
boundaries and mature trees, will be retained and integrated within the new development. In
combination with proposed GI, including public open space and new tree planting, it is considered
the development will be readily integrated within the well wooded wider landscape character.
6.8 The regional level landscape receptor will be minimally changed and the scale of effect is deemed
to be negligible. Overall effects will be discernible to a localised area only lessening in time as
public open space proposals mature.
6.9 At sub-regional level the site lies within Land Cover Parcel ‘Kinver KV11’ of the South Staffordshire
Landscape Sensitivity Study. The Study makes a number of comments for any new development
to consider, namely protection of skyline views, respecting the site’s topography and other
landscape features, including accommodation of a green corridor for the Staffordshire Way public
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footpath. The proposed outline scheme attempts to sensitively address these issues, an iterative
design process which will continue through to the detailed design stage.
6.10 It is the intention where appropriate to retain the site’s existing landscape fabric to help ameliorate
the impact upon local landscape character.
6.11 It is recommended that the new development respects the views towards the wooded backdrop of
Kinver Edge, as seen from White Hill lane, and a generous development set back from the street
frontage is proposed to accommodate this. A substantial section of POS is also proposed for the
southern section of the site which will respect Redcliff Covert and the Staffordshire Way public
footpath corridor. It is recommended that the detailed design takes into account the distinctive
internal site features such as the localised landform, hedgerows and mature hedgerow trees.
6.12 The proposed GI for the site also incorporates enhanced site boundary structural vegetation and
proposed new street and plot trees, which upon maturation will provide a net benefit within the site,
helping the character of the new development to be integrated within an already well wooded
landscape context. Landscape effects would be moderate adverse at completion reducing to
moderate/minor adverse by year 10 as public open space matures helping to assimilate new
housing in to the receiving landscape.
Landscape Effects upon Designations
6.13 In regard to the Registered Park Enville Hall which is located 1km to the north west, the site is
effectively on the southern settlement edge of Kinver, and consequently more readily relates to the
existing urban fabric rather than a landscape which can be associated with the setting of this Park.
Builtform, structural vegetation and topography provide a significant disconnect between the
receptor and the site.
6.14 The National Trust managed estate of Kinver Edge incorporates the Iron Age Hillfort and
Toposcope along the plateau in addition to the geomorphic and heritage earth features of Holly
Austin Rock Houses and Nanny’s Rock. There are also a network of Woodland Walks and
Heathland Trails across the summit and lower slopes.
6.15 Panoramic views from the summit’s Toposcope are sweeping 360 degree long distance horizon
views encompassing five different counties and spanning the Black Country, The Cotswolds, The
Malverns, Clee Hills and Long Mynd.
6.16 Views of Kinver settlement are very much secondary and do not contribute to the panoramic
viewpoint as a visitor attraction. The urban character of this small town is clearly evident at the
base of the wooded ridgeline, nestling within a well wooded landscape scene. The localised
landscape character around the base of Kinver Edge is predominantly woodland and urban
context, the site comprising pastoral farmland.
6.17 The development of this open farm land to residential use will be evident but will not however
introduce any new or contrasting character close to Kinver Edge. The site will effectively be
consolidated as settlement edge abutting the wooded footslopes of Kinver ridgeline, as is already
the present situation.
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Visual Effects
Visual Envelope
6.18 The site has a visual envelope which is restricted to the mid-range from most aspects due to a
combination of surrounding topography, built form and structural vegetation. The wooded Kinver
Edge escarpment provides a mid-range visual backdrop to the south and south west of the site.
Construction
6.19 During construction, there would be some short term adverse visual effects, resulting from the
construction work, and views to partially completed works and associated activity, particularly from
the public footpath that passes along the site’s southern section, Staffordshire Way, and for
residents along White Hill and Windsor Crescent.
6.20 The retention of vegetation around the site boundary will help to mitigate visual effects of activity
at lower levels. Where this is not possible, for example along White Hill where a section of
hedgerow is proposed to be removed to allow access, then mitigation measures could include the
careful location and design of hoarding, temporary site compounds, lighting, signage and perimeter
screen fencing, combined with effective project management. It is anticipated that the construction
working methods would adopt best practices wherever practicable and be agreed with the Local
Planning Authorities and Statutory Bodies where necessary.
6.21 Short term construction effects will be greatest for receptors in the immediate vicinity of the site
and from the high vantage point of Kinver Edge escarpment. None of these effects would be greater
than the effects arising through the operational phase of the development as described below.
Operation (following Completion)
6.22 The following provides a summary of the visual effects assessment included at Appendix C.
6.23 The effects on visual amenity vary depending on distance from the development, the existing views
and the degree of screening provided by topography, vegetation and existing builtform.
6.24 The distance between receptors and the site is important, as visual effects reduce with distance.
Within this appraisal receptors located within a short distance of the site are defined as being
located within 250m, while medium distance constitutes between 250m and 1km, and anything
beyond that is termed as long distance.
Residential Properties and Settlement (Ref A in Figure 5)
6.25 The nature of the views was determined from publicly accessible locations and so the nature of
views for specific properties cannot be described.
6.26 Viewpoints 1 & 3 have been considered as broadly representative of the views from residential
dwellings located along White Hill (approximately 15 dwellings).
6.27 Permanent views afforded from dwellings along the opposite side of the street will be primarily from
those rooms occupied during the daylight hours, which in most cases will be from ground floor
rooms.
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6.28 Views from these receptors will be partial, being ameliorated by intervening front garden vegetation
and then mostly truncated by the dense hedgerow structure forming the site’s northern perimeter.
6.29 First floor bedroom windows are likely to have more open views of the development but these
rooms are generally occupied less during the waking hours and therefore have reduced
significance.
6.30 In addition to this partial screening described above, the development set back forms an
approximate 50m buffer from the existing dwellings along White Hill (northern carriageway). It is
likely that only the upper elevations and roof lines of new dwellings will be discernible beyond the
hedgerow from these receptors, apart from at the site access. Both existing and proposed trees
within the POS will filter and soften views of the development roofline, with visual amelioration
increasing in the longer term.
6.31 It is likely that views of the backdrop of Kinver Edge will still be visible above the new development
roofscape.
6.32 Residential dwellings from Windsor Crescent (approximately 22 dwellings) will have views
overlooking the new built development within the two northernmost fields, whilst 10 dwellings will
overlook the undeveloped zone of Public Open Space to the southern section of the site.
6.33 For ground floor receptors, adjacent to the northern plots, views will be truncated by rear garden
boundaries and filtered by garden vegetation and trees.
6.34 Only views of upper elevations and roof lines of semi-detached dwellings will be afforded, with
gaps between houses allowing a depth of vision further into the site, where the retained mature
tree canopies in combination with proposed street and plot trees will serve to soften the new built
form.
6.35 The development proposals show a landscape buffer between the residential boundaries and the
development which in time will further assist in mitigating the visual effects of the new development.
Public Rights of Way Staffordshire Way (Ref B in Figure 5)
6.36 The views along the Staffordshire Way whilst traversing though the southern section of the site are
predominantly short range views within the site with views out of the site predominantly curtailed
by the well wooded base of Kinver Edge and the localised landform of the site’s topography
(Viewpoint 4).
6.37 Filtered views of the existing settlement edge of west Kinver associated with Windsor Crescent are
afforded though garden and field boundary vegetation (Viewpoint 5).
6.38 Generally, Redcliff Covert woodland edge, mature hedgerow trees and prominent localised
topography channel views along the direction of travel.
6.39 The route of the Staffordshire Way public footpath will be retained, traversing the southern section
of the site allocated as Public Open Space. The immediate visual experience along this footpath
will remain open and relatively unaltered, with housing beyond, which is the current experience.
Users of White Hill rural lane (Ref C in Figure 5)
6.40 There are short distance views of the site from the verge of White Hill with longer views to the
wooded Kinver Edge ridgeline.
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6.41 The proposed layout provides a development set back of approximately 30m from the White Hill
street frontage, allowing a buffer zone comprising public open space.
6.42 Views afforded to vehicular users will be predominantly truncated by the continuous hedgerow
boundary, with filtered and glimpsed views of new development afforded during the winter months
only (Viewpoint 2) and through the site access (Viewpoint 1).
6.43 Views afforded by pedestrian users looking across the trimmed hedgerow will be of a series of
semi-detached residential dwellings and woodland beyond. Existing mature and proposed trees
within the intervening POS will filter and soften these views to glimpsed and partial, this
ameliorating effect increasing in the long term. It is likely that the wooded backdrop of Kinver Edge
will be glimpsed through the gaps between dwellings and above the dwellings.
Visitors to National Trust Holly Austin Rock Houses (Ref D in Figure 5)
6.44 The foreground is dominated by Redcliff Covert along the footslopes of Kinver Edge. From this
high vantage point, the northern section of the site is partially visible with intervening vegetation
and builtform associated with Windsor Crescent containing further views of the site.
6.45 The site’s mature trees also filter views in the dormant season, and will provide further containment
during summer months. White Hill residential development and the western settlement edge of
Kinver is visible with the rolling landform of The Million woodland block and Enville Common
providing the background scene with distant hills on the horizon.
6.46 The development will only be partially visible with filtered views predominantly of the roofscape of
the northern most new dwellings, and Public Open Space visible beyond acting as development
setback along White Hill. The settlement edge of Kinver will be seen to extend slightly, but in a
location where the existing settlement edge is already closer to the viewpoint.
Visitors to National Trust Kinver Edge Viewpoint (Ref E in Figure 5)
6.47 From the high ground of the escarpment plateau there are sweeping panoramic long distance
views across the surrounding regional landscape through west-north-east.
6.48 The settlement of Kinver dominates the fore to middleground extending up to wooded base of
Kinver Edge. The well wooded ridgelines of Enville RGP lie to the north of Kinver with the distant
rolling landscape of north Staffordshire extending into the horizon.
6.49 The site is visible from this vantage point except for the section of land south of the public footpath,
which is proposed as Public Open Space.
6.50 Whilst the development would be visible, it would not introduce new elements or bring development
closer to the edge.
Users of Sheepwalks Lane (Ref F in Figure 5)
6.51 There are long range panoramic views theoretically possible from high ground to the north west of
the site.
6.52 Within Viewpoint 8 the foreground view comprises a valley depression with rolling landform
punctuated by hedgerow trees and field boundaries. Kinver Edge wooded ridgeline is dominant to
the middle ground with longer distance views of rolling hillsides extending into the background
culminating with the Clent Hills on the horizon. Views of the western settlement edge of Kinver are
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well contained by woodland blocks. The settlement edge of White Hill is just discernible on the
footslopes of Kinver Edge,’ sandwiched’ between a coniferous plantation and the broadleaf
woodland Redcliff Covert. Long distance views of the site are contained by intervening topography,
structural vegetation and built form.
Night – time Visual Effects
6.53 The proposed site is located in an area with existing built development including lighting on three
sides. It is not expected that any night time impacts would exceed those experienced with day time
effects.
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7.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
7.1 The site is located on land south of White Hill, and comprises three pastoral fields with existing
development to the north, east and west. The site itself comprises three medium scale pastoral
regular shaped fields intersected by a robust structure of hedgerow, with some lost sections infilled
with timber rail agricultural fencing.
7.2 The site has a distinctive localised landform which is characteristic of the surrounding landscape
context, this character being clearly evident and pronounced from both White Hill and along the
public footpath Staffordshire Way. Another intrinsic feature of the site are the number of mature
hedgerow trees prevailing along the field enclosures imparting a strong contribution to the site
character.
7.3 Three indicative layouts have been prepared, one for 30 dwellings (Sketch Appraisal 1244-12 Rev
B), one for 57 dwellings (Sketch Appraisal 1244-12 Rev A) and a larger scheme of approximately
100 dwellings on 1244 - 02 with accompanying green infrastructure of public open spaces and
structural planting.
Landscape Effects
7.4 During construction there would be some short term adverse landscape effects, resulting from the
construction work. None of these effects would be greater than the effects arising through the
operational phase of the development.
7.5 The site has been assessed as having a landscape sensitivity of medium.
7.6 At a national scale, landscape effects during the operational phases of development will be no
greater than negligible at completion and year 10.
7.7 At a regional scale the significance of effect is considered to be minor adverse falling to negligible
in year 10.
7.8 At a local district level, landscape effects will be moderate adverse upon completion reducing to
minor adverse in year 10.
7.9 The development would lead to the loss of pastoral farmland to residential use resulting in a
medium/high degree of change for the site and its immediate context overall. However, housing is
already an evident characteristic of the site’s immediate context and as such effects are deemed
to be moderate adverse at completion. Effects would lessen by year 10 to moderate/minor adverse
as structural planting within public open space matures to further integrate the new housing in to
the landscape.
Visual Effects
7.10 The site has a visual envelope which is restricted to the mid-range from most aspects due to a
combination of surrounding topography, builtform and structural vegetation. The wooded Kinver
Edge escarpment provides a distinctive visual backdrop to the south and south west of the site.
7.11 During construction, there would be some short term adverse visual effects, resulting from the
construction work, and views to partially completed works and associated activity, particularly from
the public footpath that passes along the site’s southern section and for residents off White Hill and
Windsor Crescent.
White Hill, Kinver - Landscape & Visual Appraisal
J:\7600\7686\LANDS\LVIA\7686 LVA Report.docx
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27
7.12 The site is well contained by a combination of surrounding topography, builtform and structural
vegetative structures, such that the site’s intervisibility is restricted to the short and mid-range
receptors.
7.13 Visual effects for residential receptors are limited to localised dwellings adjoining the site boundary
such as those on Windsor Crescent and along White Hill. The significance of effect is considered
to be moderate adverse falling to moderate/minor adverse in year 10, with both retained and
proposed green infrastructure helping the development to integrate well within its surroundings.
7.14 Transient users of White Hill rural lane will have glimpsed and partial views producing moderate
adverse significance of effect reducing to minor adverse in year 10.
7.15 Visual effects from public rights of way are restricted to a short stretch of Staffordshire Way which
traverses across the southern section of the site. The significance of effect is considered to be
moderate adverse falling to minor adverse in year 10.
7.16 Visual effects from the high ground of the National Trust receptor Kinver Edge are considered to
be moderate/minor adverse falling to minor/negligible adverse in year 10.
7.17 Theoretical long distance views from the higher ground to the northwest in and around Enville have
been tested during a site visit, however the site was found to be extremely well contained.
Comparison of Landscape and Visual Effects of Development Options
7.18 In terms of landscape effects, it is considered that the 30 dwelling option would introduce
development to the existing gap on White Hill, retaining a green frontage to the road. There would
be development in depth, not just alongside the road. The 57 house option would extend further
back into the site, taking more land out of agricultural use, but overall there would be little different
landscape or visual effects. The third option with approximately 100 dwellings, would result in a
greater proportion of the site being developed, up to the footpath. The northern side of the footpath
towards Kinver Edge towards Kinver Edge would remain open. From the higher ground of Kinver
Edge, all three development options will be perceived as a minor change within the landscape,
with houses infilling a small parcel of land, already surrounded by existing houses. Overall whilst
there would be an incremental increase in landscape effects resulting from each of the options with
an increased residential area, this would not be enough to result in any change to the overall level
of landscape or visual effects assessed.
Conclusion
7.19 The development proposals demonstrate a considered and sensitive approach towards the local
landscape character and will seek to retain the site’s existing landscape features where feasible
within the detail design process. The development will have limited effect on the wider landscape
character. In visual terms, notable effects would be limited to receptors that border the site. Views
from the higher ground of Kinver Edge, would change little in overall composition, and with no
detriment to the wider panoramic views.
7.20 It is considered that the application site and receiving environment have the capacity to
accommodate the proposals. The proposals will not result in significant harm to the landscape
character or visual environment. It is considered that the proposed development can be
successfully integrated in this location.
1:12,500 A3 RGL/IDR 13 February 2017
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Site Boundary
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Figure 2 -
LANDSCAPE CHARACTERdrawing title
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Site Boundary
Urban
Ancient Redlands Estateland
Sandstone Estateland
Kinver KV11: Medium Landscape Sensitivity
Staffordshire County Boundary
All of area shown lies within National Character Area 66: Mid Severn Sandstone Plateau
Landscape Sensitivity Plan 2017 update : South Staffordshire Council
Planning for Landscape Change SPG : Staffordshire and Stoke on Trent Structure Plan 1996-2011
500m 1000m
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40m - 50m AOD
50m - 60m AOD
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Site Boundary
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AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHdrawing title
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Site Boundary
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Figure 5 -
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E
F
Site Boundary
Receptor (denoted with LVIA Reference)A
6
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Viewpoint Location1
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AB
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C
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PHOTO VIEWPOINTS 1 & 2
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PHOTO VIEWPOINT 1: View from White Hill looking north west
PHOTO VIEWPOINT 2: View into the site from Potter’s Cross Farm gate
Residential dwellingsassociated with Windsor Crescent
Kinver Edge The Site
White HillResidential dwellingsassociated with White Hill
Agricultural building associated with Potter’s Cross Farm
Residential dwellingsassociated with Windsor Crescent
Kinver Edge The Site Redcliff Covert Equine pasture adjacent tosite along western perimeter
Low voltage overhead lines traversing site
Mature trees punctuate hedgerow field boundaries
Gently rolling localised topography within site
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PHOTO VIEWPOINT 4: View from Staffordshire Way public footpath looking north west
PHOTO VIEWPOINT 3: View from White Hill looking south east
Redcliff Covert Equine pasture adjacent tosite along western perimeter
Low voltage overhead lines traversing site
Mature trees punctuate hedgerow field boundaries
Gently rolling localised topography within site
Staffordshire Way public footpath traversing site
Residential dwellingsassociated with Jenks Avenue
Kinver Edge Redcliff CovertCharacter of site defined by mature trees, hedgerows & rolling landform
Holly Austin RockThe Site
White Hill
Windsor Crescent
Comber
The Site
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PHOTO VIEWPOINTS 5 & 6
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PHOTO VIEWPOINT 6: View from Holly Austin Rock Cottages, Kinver Edge
PHOTO VIEWPOINT 5: View from Staffordshire Way public footpath looking south east
Vegetation associated with Holly Austin Rock
Approximate Site Extents
Redcliff Covert Residential dwellings associated with western settlement edge of Kinver
White Hill
Residential dwellingsassociated with Windsor Crescent
Foot slopes of Kinver EdgeThe SiteGently rolling localised topography within site
Staffordshire Way public footpath traversing site
Mature trees punctuate hedgerow field boundaries
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PHOTO VIEWPOINTS 7 & 8
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PHOTO VIEWPOINT 7: View from summit of Kinver Edge looking north
PHOTO VIEWPOINT 8: View from Sheepwalks Lane looking south east
Redcliff CovertFoot slopes of Kinver Edge
Approximate Site Extents
White Hill Residential dwellings associated with western settlement edge of Kinver
Long distance views of site contained by intervening vegetation & builtform
Kinver Edge
Redcliff Covert
Whie Hill settlement edge
Farmland east of Rocky Wall lane
Appendix A Landscape and Visual Appraisal – Methodology and Assessment
Criteria
Introduction
The methodology for the landscape and visual appraisal undertaken for the proposed development is detailed in the appraisal report. The following information should be read in conjunction with this methodology.
As advised in the Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (3rd Edition) (GLVIA3), the judgements made in respect of both landscape and visual effects are a combination of an assessment of the sensitivity of the receptor and the magnitude of the landscape or visual effect. The following details the definitions and criteria used in assessing sensitivity and magnitude for landscape and visual receptors.
Where it is determined that the assessment falls between or encompasses two of the defined criteria terms, then the judgement will be described as High/ Medium or Minor/ Moderate etc. This indicates that the receptor is assessed to lie between the respective definitions or to encompass aspects of both.
Landscape
Landscape Sensitivity
Landscape receptors are assessed in terms of their ‘Landscape Sensitivity’. This combines judgements on the value to be attached to the landscape and the susceptibility to change of the landscape from the type of change or development proposed. The definition and criteria adopted for these contributory factors is detailed below.
There can be complex relationships between the value attached to landscape receptors and their susceptibility to change which can be especially important when considering change within or close to designated landscapes. For example an internationally, nationally or locally valued landscape does not automatically or by definition have a high susceptibility to all types of change. The type of change or development proposed may not compromise the specific basis for the value attached to the landscape.
Landscape Value
Value can apply to a landscape area as a whole, or to the individual elements, features and aesthetic or perceptual dimensions which contribute to the character of the landscape. The following criteria have been used to categorise landscape value. Where there is no clear existing evidence on landscape value, an assessment is made based on the criteria/ factors identified below (based on the guidance in GLVIA3 Box 5.1 Page 84).
Landscape quality (condition)
Scenic quality
Rarity
Representativeness
Conservation interest
Recreation value
Perceptual aspects
Associations
Landscape
Value
Definition
High Landscape receptors of high importance based upon factors of quality, rarity,
representativeness, conservation interest, recreational value, perceptual qualities and
associations. Limited potential for substitution.
Medium Landscape receptors of medium importance based upon factors of quality, rarity,
representativeness, conservation interest, recreational value, perceptual qualities and
associations.
Capable of substitution.
Low
Landscape receptors of low importance based upon factors of quality, rarity,
representativeness, conservation interest, recreational value, perceptual qualities and
associations.
Potential for landscape improvement and creation.
Landscape Susceptibility to Change
This means the ability of the landscape receptor (overall character type/ area or individual element/ feature) to accommodate the proposed development without undue consequences for the maintenance of the baseline position and/ or the achievement of landscape planning policies and strategies. The definition and criteria for the assessment of Landscape Susceptibility to Change is as follows:
Landscape
Susceptibility to
Change
Definition
High A highly distinctive and cohesive landscape receptor, with positive characteristics and
features and no or very few detracting or intrusive elements. Landscape features
intact and in very good condition and/ or rare. Limited capacity to accept the type of
change/ development proposed.
Medium Distinctive and more commonplace landscape receptor, with some positive
characteristics/ features and some detracting or intrusive elements. Landscape
features in moderate condition. Capacity to accept well planned and designed
change/ development of the type proposed.
Low
Landscape receptor of mixed character with a lack of coherence and including
detracting or intrusive elements. Landscape features that may be in poor or improving
condition and few that could not be replaced.
Greater capacity to accept the type of change/ development proposed.
Magnitude of Landscape Effects
The magnitude of landscape effects is the degree of change to the landscape receptor in terms of its size or scale of change, the geographical extent of the area influenced and its duration and reversibility. The table below sets out the categories and criteria adopted in respect of the separate considerations of Scale or Size of the Degree of Change and Reversibility. The geographical extent and duration of change are described where relevant in the appraisal.
Scale or Size of the Degree of Landscape Change
Scale or Size of the
Degree of
Landscape Change
Definition
High Total loss of or major alteration to key characteristics / features and the
introduction of new elements totally uncharacteristic to the receiving landscape.
Overall landscape receptor will be fundamentally changed.
Medium Partial loss of or alteration to one or more key characteristics / features and the
introduction of new elements that would be evident but not necessarily
uncharacteristic to the receiving landscape. Overall landscape receptor will be
obviously changed.
Low
Limited loss of, or alteration to one or more key characteristics/ features and the
introduction of new elements evident and/ or characteristic to the receiving
landscape. Overall landscape receptor will be perceptibly changed.
Negligible
Very minor alteration to one or more key characteristics/ features and the
introduction of new elements characteristic to the receiving landscape. Overall
landscape receptor will be minimally changed.
None
No loss or alteration to the key characteristics/ features, representing ‘no change’.
Reversibility
Reversibility
Definition
Irreversible The development would be permanent and the site could not be
returned to its current/ former use.
Reversible The development could be deconstructed/ demolished and the site could be
returned to broadly its current/ historic use (although that may be subject to
qualification depending on the nature of the development).
Visual
Sensitivity of Visual Receptors
Visual sensitivity assesses each visual receptor in terms of their susceptibility to change in views and visual amenity and also the value attached to particular views. The definition and criteria adopted for these contributory factors is detailed below.
Visual Susceptibility to Change
The susceptibility of different visual receptors to changes in views and visual amenity is mainly a function of; firstly, the occupation or activity of people experiencing the view at particular locations; and secondly, the extent to which their attention or interest may therefore be focussed on the views and visual amenity they experience.
Visual
Susceptibility to
Change
Definition
High Residents at home with primary views from ground floor/garden and upper floors.
Public rights of way and footpaths where attention is focussed on the landscape and
on particular views.
Visitors to heritage assets or other attractions whose attention or interest is likely to be
focussed on the landscape and/ or on particular views.
Communities where views make an important contribution to the landscape setting
enjoyed by residents.
Travellers on recognised scenic routes.
Medium Residents at home with secondary views (primarily from first floor level). Public rights of way and footpaths where attention is not focussed on the landscape
and/ or particular views.
Travellers on road, rail or other transport with a focus on the landscape.
Low
Users of outdoor recreational facilities where the view is less important to the activities (e.g. sports pitches). Travellers on road, rail or other transport where views are primarily focussed on the transport route. People at their place of work where views of the landscape are not important to the quality of the working life.
Value of Views
The value attached to a view takes account of any recognition attached to a particular view and/ or any indicators of the value attached to views, for example through guidebooks or defined viewpoints or references in literature or art.
Value of Views
Definition
High A unique or identified view (eg. shown as such on Ordnance Survey map, guidebook
or tourist map) or one noted in literature or art. A view where a heritage asset makes
an important contribution to the view.
Medium A typical and/ or representative view from a particular receptor.
Low
An undistinguished or unremarkable view from a particular receptor.
Magnitude of Visual Effects
Magnitude of Visual Effects evaluates each of the visual effects in terms of its size or scale, the geographical extent of the area influenced and its duration and reversibility. The table below sets out the categories and criteria adopted in respect of the Scale or Size (including the degree of contrast) of Visual Change. The distance and nature of the view and whether the view will be permanent or transient are also detailed in the Visual Effects Table.
Scale or Size of the
Degree of Visual
Change
Definition
High The proposal will result in a large and immediately apparent change in the view,
being a dominant and new and/ or incongruous feature in the landscape.
Medium The proposal will result in an obvious and recognisable change in the view and
will be readily noticed by the viewer.
Low The proposal will constitute a minor component of the wider view or a more
recognisable component that reflects those apparent in the existing view.
Awareness of the proposals will not have a marked effect on the overall nature of
the view.
Negligible/ None
Only a very small part of the proposal will be discernible and it will have very little
or no effect on the nature of the view.
Level of Effect
The final conclusions on effects, whether adverse or beneficial, are drawn from the separate judgements on the sensitivity of the receptors and the magnitude of the effects. This overall judgement involves a reasoned professional overview of the individual judgements against the criteria, to then make the overall judgement.
Whilst GLVIA3 notes at paragraph 5.56 that there are no hard and fast rules about the level of effects, the criteria adopted for this landscape and visual appraisal are defined as follows:
Major: An effect that will fundamentally change and be in direct contrast to the existing landscape or views;
Moderate: An effect that will markedly change the existing landscape or views but may retain or incorporate some characteristics/ features currently present;
Minor: An effect that will entail limited or localised change to the existing landscape/ views or will entail more noticeable localised change but including both adverse and beneficial effects and is likely to retain or incorporate some characteristics/ features currently present;
Negligible: An effect that will be discernible yet of very limited change to the existing landscape or views.
White Hills, Kinver – Landscape and Visual Appraisal: Landscape Effects Table
fpcrAPPENDIX B: LANDSCAPE EFFECTS TABLE (LET)
Landscape Receptor and Reference
Judged Sensitivity of Landscape
Judged Magnitude of Landscape Effect
Description/ Notes Overall Effect at Construction Phase
Overall Effect upon Completion
Overall Effect at 10 Years post Completion
Susceptibility to Change
Landscape Value
Scale or Size of the Degree of Change including degree of contrast/integration) at Stages of Project
Where applicable, are the Effects Reversible?
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
High Medium Low
High Medium Low
High Medium Low Negligible None
Yes No N/A
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
National Landscape Character
Natural England, National
Character Area Profile
(NCA) 66 ‘Mid Severn
Sandstone Plateau’
Medium Medium Negligible No The site lies well within the boundaries of the Natural England's National Character Area (NCA) 66
‘Mid Severn Sandstone Plateau.
The profile notes: ‘Extensive sandstone plateau in the core and east of the NCA underpins an
undulating landscape with tree-lined ridges; this contrasts with the irregular topography and steep,
wooded gorges of the Severn Valley in the west.’
The NCA covers an extensive area of landscape and there will be localised variations in landscape
sensitivity. The proposed development would not result in any discernible change to landscape
character at this broad geographical scale.
However, the proposed development represents an opportunity to contribute to Statement of
Environmental Opportunity 1 by protecting, expanding and appropriately managing the
characteristic habitats of the NCA, specifically lowland heathland, acid grasslands and woodland
including orchards and hedgerows.
Negligible Negligible Negligible
White Hills, Kinver – Landscape and Visual Appraisal: Landscape Effects Table
fpcrAPPENDIX B: LANDSCAPE EFFECTS TABLE (LET)
Landscape Receptor and Reference
Judged Sensitivity of Landscape
Judged Magnitude of Landscape Effect
Description/ Notes Overall Effect at Construction Phase
Overall Effect upon Completion
Overall Effect at 10 Years post Completion
Susceptibility to Change
Landscape Value
Scale or Size of the Degree of Change including degree of contrast/integration) at Stages of Project
Where applicable, are the Effects Reversible?
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
High Medium Low
High Medium Low
High Medium Low Negligible None
Yes No N/A
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
Landscape Character Assessment (LCA): County/District
Planning for Landscape Change SPG 2001
(Staffordshire County Council)
‘Sandstone Estatelands Regional Character Area’
Medium
Medium Negligible No Whilst the characteristics of the site itself are consistent with a number of the key characteristics of
the wider character area in which it lies, it is considered that the site is closely related to the existing
urban fabric of Kinver, with residential development present to the west, north and all along its
eastern flank.
Development will lead to the loss of three pastoral fields and the introduction of new housing
elements within an existing settlement edge context, it effectively being an infill consolidation of an
existing development along White Hill.
It is proposed that the site’s intrinsic landscape features such as the site’s landform, hedgerow
boundaries and mature trees, will be retained and integrated within the new development. In
combination with proposed GI, including public open space and new tree planting, it is considered
the development will be readily integrated within the well wooded wider landscape character.
The regional level landscape receptor will be minimally changed and the scale of effect is deemed
to be negligible. Overall effects will be discernible to a localised area only and are therefore Minor
lessening in time as public open space proposals mature with planting of local provenance as
recommended in the guidance.
Minor adverse
Minor
adverse
Negligible
adverse
White Hills, Kinver – Landscape and Visual Appraisal: Landscape Effects Table
fpcrAPPENDIX B: LANDSCAPE EFFECTS TABLE (LET)
Landscape Receptor and Reference
Judged Sensitivity of Landscape
Judged Magnitude of Landscape Effect
Description/ Notes Overall Effect at Construction Phase
Overall Effect upon Completion
Overall Effect at 10 Years post Completion
Susceptibility to Change
Landscape Value
Scale or Size of the Degree of Change including degree of contrast/integration) at Stages of Project
Where applicable, are the Effects Reversible?
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
High Medium Low
High Medium Low
High Medium Low Negligible None
Yes No N/A
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
South Staffordshire
Landscape Sensitivity Study
Update 2017
South Staffordshire Council
‘Kinver KV11’
Medium Medium Medium / High No The Study describes the site as ‘subject to significant urban influences and is completely contained
by built form on the northern and eastern boundaries with further built form along part of the western
boundary’ and that ‘[the site] has visual appeal and there are views to the south to a wooded
backdrop. The hedgerow between the two fields in the northern part of the LCP is a significant
feature as are its hedgerow trees.’
The Study comments that ‘Any development would need to be located in the western part of the site
to protect skyline and to follow the topography of the LCP. The PRoW (Staffordshire Way) would
need sufficient stand-off from development and could form the basis for on-site open space
provision. This would also create a buffer area between any development and Redcliff Covert.’
It is the intention where appropriate to retain the site’s existing landscape fabric to help ameliorate
the impact upon local landscape character.
It is recommended that the new development respects the views towards the wooded backdrop of
Kinver Edge, as seen from White Hill lane, and a generous development set back from the street
frontage is proposed to accommodate this. A substantial section of POS is also proposed for the
southern section of the site which will respect Redcliff Covert and the Staffordshire Way public
footpath corridor. It is recommended that the detailed design layouts takes into account the
distinctive internal site features such as the localised landform, hedgerows and mature hedgerow
trees.
The proposed GI for the site also incorporates enhanced site boundary structural vegetation and
proposed new street and plot trees, which upon maturation will provide a net benefit within the site,
helping the character of the new development to be integrated within an already well wooded
landscape context.
Major/moderate adverse
Moderate
adverse
Minor
adverse
Setting of Enville Hall, RGP High Medium Negligible/None No The RGP Enville Hall is 1km to the north west of the site at its closet point. The site is effectively on
the southern settlement edge of Kinver, and consequently more readily relates to the existing urban
fabric rather than a landscape which can be associated with the setting of this RGP. Built form,
structural vegetation and topography provide a significant disconnect between the receptor and the
site, resulting in a negligible effect upon the setting of this heritage landscape.
Negligible/None
Negligible/None
Negligible /
None
White Hills, Kinver – Landscape and Visual Appraisal: Landscape Effects Table
fpcrAPPENDIX B: LANDSCAPE EFFECTS TABLE (LET)
Landscape Receptor and Reference
Judged Sensitivity of Landscape
Judged Magnitude of Landscape Effect
Description/ Notes Overall Effect at Construction Phase
Overall Effect upon Completion
Overall Effect at 10 Years post Completion
Susceptibility to Change
Landscape Value
Scale or Size of the Degree of Change including degree of contrast/integration) at Stages of Project
Where applicable, are the Effects Reversible?
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
High Medium Low
High Medium Low
High Medium Low Negligible None
Yes No N/A
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
Kinver Edge National Trust
Managed Estate
High Medium/High Negligible No The National Trust managed estate of Kinver Edge incorporates the Iron Age Hillfort and Toposcope
along the plateau in addition to the geomorphic and heritage earth features of Holly Austin Rock
Houses and Nanny’s Rock. There are also a network of Woodland Walks and Heathland Trails
across the summit and lower slopes.
Panoramic views from the Toposcope are sweeping 360 degree long distance horizon views
encompassing five different counties and spanning the Black Country, The Cotswolds, The
Malverns, Clee Hills and Long Mynd.
Views of Kinver settlement are very much secondary and do not contribute to the panoramic
viewpoint as a visitor attraction. The urban character of this small town is clearly evident at the base
of the wooded ridgeline, and as such contributes to the setting of Kinver Edge albeit in a subordinate
manner nestling within a well wooded landscape scene. The localised landscape character around
the base of Kinver Edge is predominantly woodland and urban context, the site comprising pastoral
farmland.
The development of this open farm land to residential use will be evident but will not however
introduce any new or contrasting character to the setting of Kinver Edge. The site will effectively be
consolidated as settlement edge abutting the wooded footslopes of Kinver ridgeline, as is already
the present situation.
As such the development is considered to have a minor/negligible impact upon the National Trust
Kinver Edge site, it forming a small component which is not untypical for the existing context.
Furthermore, the extensive panoramic views will not be affected. In the longer term the new
development will become integrated within the setting of Kinver Edge.
Minor
adverse
Minor/ Negligible
adverse
Negligible
adverse
Landscape Character: Site and Immediate Context
White Hills, Kinver – Landscape and Visual Appraisal: Landscape Effects Table
fpcrAPPENDIX B: LANDSCAPE EFFECTS TABLE (LET)
Landscape Receptor and Reference
Judged Sensitivity of Landscape
Judged Magnitude of Landscape Effect
Description/ Notes Overall Effect at Construction Phase
Overall Effect upon Completion
Overall Effect at 10 Years post Completion
Susceptibility to Change
Landscape Value
Scale or Size of the Degree of Change including degree of contrast/integration) at Stages of Project
Where applicable, are the Effects Reversible?
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None
High Medium Low
High Medium Low
High Medium Low Negligible None
Yes No N/A
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
Adverse Beneficial
Site and Immediate Context Medium
Medium Medium / High No The development of the open pastoral farmland for residential use will clearly have an impact on the
site and the immediate context. The nature of the development proposals in particular scale and
density will respect the prevailing local urban character. The development proposals will provide two
undeveloped zones to soften the edge transition between the rural lane of White Hill to the north
and indeed a larger area of Public Open Space to the southern section of the site adjacent the
wooded footslopes of Kinver Edge, this undeveloped zone also respecting the public footpath
corridor of Staffordshire Way.
Additionally there will be an area of POS within the site proposed as a Community Green, within this
area it is recommended that the localised rolling landform of the site together with existing
hedgerows and mature trees will be retained, thereby preserving the most valued characteristics of
the farmland landscape character. The proposed GI for the site also incorporates enhanced site
boundary structural vegetation and proposed new street and plot trees, which upon maturation will
provide a net benefit within the site.
With regard to the site’s immediate context, the new development will not be introducing a new or
contrasting landscape character, since existing residential already exerts an urbanising influences
upon the site.
Major/ moderate
adverse
Moderate
adverse
Moderate /
Minor
adverse
White Hill, Kinver – Landscape and Visual Appraisal: Visual Effects Table
1
fpcr APPENDIX C: VISUAL EFFECTS TABLE (VET)
Ref Receptor Type and Location
(including approx no. of dwellings where applicable)
Judged Sensitivity of Visual Receptor
Judged Magnitude of Visual Effects Description/ Notes Overall Effect at Construction Phase
Overall Effect upon Completion
Overall Effect 10 Years post Completion
Susceptibility to Change
Value
Distance from Site Boundary (or Built Development where stated) (approx. m/km)
Nature of View
Is the View Permanent or Transient?
Size/Scale of Visual Effect (incl. degree of contrast/ integration) (at Stages of Project)
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None Adverse or Beneficial
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None Adverse or Beneficial
Major Moderate Minor Negligible None Adverse or Beneficial
High Medium Low
High Medium Low
Full Partial Glimpse None
HighMedium Low Negligible/ None
A
Residential dwellings along White Hill (approximately 15 dwellings) and Windsor Crescent (approximately 22 dwellings)
High Medium 50m from built development
Partial Permanent Construction: High
Completion:
High/medium
Year 10: Medium
The nature of the views was determined from publically accessible locations and so the nature of views for specific properties cannot be described.
Viewpoints 1 & 3 have been considered as broadly representative of the views from residential dwellings located along White Hill.
Permanent views afforded from dwellings along the opposite side of the street will be primarily from those rooms occupied during the daylight hours, which in most cases will be from ground floor rooms.
Views from these receptors will be partial, being ameliorated by intervening front garden vegetation and then mostly truncated by the dense hedgerow structure forming the site’s northern perimeter.
In addition to this partial screening, the development set back forms an approximate 50m buffer from the existing dwellings along White Hill (northern carriageway). It is likely that only the upper elevations and roof lines of new dwellings will be discernible beyond the hedgerow from these receptors. Both existing and proposed trees within the POS will filter and soften views of the development roofline, with visual amelioration increasing in the longer term.
It is likely that views of the backdrop of Kinver Edge will still be visible above the new development roofscape.
Residential dwellings from Windsor Crescent will have views overlooking the new built development within the two northernmost fields, whilst 10 dwellings will overlook the Public Open Space to the southern section of the site.
For ground floor receptors adjacent to the northern plots, views will be truncated by rear garden boundaries and filtered by garden vegetation and trees.
Only views of upper elevations and roof lines of semi-detached dwellings will be afforded, with gaps between units allowing a depth of vision further into the site, where the retained mature tree canopies in combination with proposed street and plot trees will serve to soften the new builtform.
The development proposals show a landscape buffer between the residential boundaries and the development which in time will further assist in mitigating the visual effects of the new development.
Major / moderate adverse
Moderate adverse
Moderate/ minor adverse
B Users of Public Footpath Staffordshire Way
High Medium Internal site view Partial Transient Construction:
High/medium
Completion: Medium
Year 10: Medium/Low
Experience along footpath is a medium scale field with views out of the site predominantly curtailed by the well wooded base of Kinver Edge and the localised rolling landform of the site’s topography (Viewpoint 4).
Filtered views of the existing settlement edge of west Kinver associated with Windsor Crescent are afforded though garden and field boundary vegetation (Viewpoint 5).
Generally mature hedgerow trees, Redcliff Covert woodland and the prominent localised landform channel views along the direction of travel.
The route of the Staffordshire Way public footpath will be retained, traversing through the southern section of the site allocated as Public Open Space. The immediate visual experience along this
Major/ moderate adverse
Moderate adverse
Minor adverse
White Hill, Kinver – Landscape and Visual Appraisal: Visual Effects Table
2
fpcrfootpath will remain open and relatively unaltered, with housing beyond, which is the current experience.
C
Users of White Hill, rural lane (pedestrian & vehicular) (67.5-75m AOD)
Medium Medium 0-3m Partial / Glimpsed
Transient Construction:
High/Medium
Completion:
High/Medium
Year 10: Medium
Short distance views of the site from the verge of White Hill with longer views to Kinver Edge providing a well wooded backdrop.
The proposed layout provides a development set back of approximately 30m from the White Hill street frontage, allowing a buffer zone comprising public open space.
Views afforded to vehicular users will be predominantly truncated by the continuous hedgerow boundary, with filtered and glimpsed views of new development afforded during the winter months only (Viewpoint 2) and through the site access.
Views afforded by pedestrian users looking across the trimmed hedgerow will be of a series of semi-detached residential dwellings and woodland beyond. Existing mature and proposed trees within the intervening POS will filter and soften these views to glimpsed and partial, this ameliorating effect increasing in the long term. It is likely that the wooded backdrop of Kinver Edge will be glimpsed through the gaps between dwellings, and above the dwellings.
Moderate adverse
Moderate adverse
Minor adverse
D
Visitors to National Trust site, Holly Austin Rock Houses
(105m AOD)
High Medium 300m Partial Permanent Construction:Medium/
low
Completion:
Medium/low
Year 10: Low
The foreground is dominated by Redcliff Covert along the footslopes of Kinver Edge. From this high vantage point, the northern section of the site is partially visible with intervening vegetation and builtform associated with Windsor Crescent containing further views of the site.
The site’s mature trees also filter views in the dormant season, and will provide further containment during summer months.
White Hill residential development and the western settlement edge of Kinver is visible with the rolling landform of The Million woodland block and Enville Common providing the background scene with distant hills on the horizon.
The development will only be partially visible with filtered views predominantly of the roofscape of the northern most new dwellings, and Public Open Space visible beyond acting as development setback along White Hill.
The settlement edge of Kinver will be seen to extend slightly, but in a location where the existing settlement edge is already closer to the viewpoint.
Moderate adverse
Moderate /minor adverse
Minor adverse
E
Visitors to National Trust site, Kinver Edge summit
(145m AOD)
High High 440m Full Permanent Construction:Medium/
Low
Completion: Low
Year 10:
Low/Negligible
Extensive sweeping panoramic long distance views across surrounding landscape through west-north-east.
Settlement of Kinver dominates fore to middle ground extending up to wooded base of Kinver Edge.
Well wooded ridgeline of The Million and Enville Common lie to the north of Kinver with distant rolling landscape of north Staffordshire extending into the horizon.
The site is visible from this vantage point except for the section of land south of the public footpath, which is proposed as Public Open Space.
Whilst the development would be visible, it would not introduce new elements or bring development closer to the edge.
Moderate adverse
Moderate/ minor adverse
Minor/ negligible adverse
F
Users of rural lane Sheepwalks Lane
(155-160m AOD)
Medium Medium 2.1Km None Transient Construction: None
Completion: None
Year 10: None
Long range panoramic view from high ground to the north west of the site.
Foreground view comprises a valley depression with rolling landform punctuated by hedgerow trees and field boundaries.
Kinver Edge wooded ridgeline is dominant to the middleground with longer distance views of rolling hillsides extending into the background culminating with the Clent Hills on the horizon.
Views of the western settlement edge of Kinver are well contained by woodland blocks.
The settlement edge of White Hill is just discernible on the footslopes of Kinver Edge,’ sandwiched’ between a coniferous plantation and broadleaf woodland Redcliff Covert.
Long distance views of the site are contained by intervening topography, structural vegetation and builtform.
None None None
Appendix D
Sketch Appraisal Plans (57 units) 1244-12 Rev A
Sketch Appraisal Plans (30 units) 1244-12 Rev B
Sketch Appraisal Masterplan (104 units) 1244-02
Rev B
Line of Footpath Retained
POTENTIAL FOOTPATH LINKSUBJECT TO DISCUSSIONSWITH NATIONAL TRUST
POTENTIAL NEW CIRCULAR FOOTPATHROUTE ON LAND OWNED BYSTAYLEY DEVELOPMENTS
Rev A
Line of Footpath Retained
POTENTIAL NEW CIRCULAR FOOTPATHROUTE ON LAND OWNED BYSTAYLEY DEVELOPMENTS
POTENTIAL FOOTPATH LINKSUBJECT TO DISCUSSIONSWITH NATIONAL TRUST
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Kevin R.Twigger & Associates Ltd
ARCHITECTURAL CIVIL ENGINEERINGLAND SURVEYORS LANDSCAPE DESIGN
1244-02
1:500@A0 MAY 2014
DEVELOPMENT OFFWHITE HILL, KINVER
SKETCH APPRAISAL
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