Reproduction

Broad Ligament

• suspends the female reproductive tract in the pelvic cavity

• has three portions

Ovary• release ova- egg• 50,000 - 150,000 potential eggs

present at birth• release hormones• progesterone• estrogen

Oviduct

• (fallopian tube)

• connect ovary to uterine horns

Oviduct

• three portions

• infundibulum

• ampulla

• isthmus

Oviduct

• ova remains in oviduct for 3-6 days

• 1/8 inch in diameter

• 20 cm. Long in a cow

Uterus• passageway for sperm cells from

cervix to oviduct

• produce histotroph - nourishes developing embryo until placenta forms

• expel fetus at parturition

Parturition

• birth

Uterus

• site of pregnancy

Cervix• located between uterus and vagina

• forms a barrier between the internal and external environment

• thick walled, many ringed organ

Vagina

• point where urinary and reproductive tracts join

• receptacle for semen

• passageway for fetus

Vulva

• outer opening of reproductive tract

Clitoris

• sensory organ

Male Reproductive Tract

• Testes - male gonad

• located externally in scrotum except in birds

• produce sperm

• produce male hormone - testosterone

Scrotum

• thermal regulatory organ

• temperature control necessary for sperm production

• cannot occur at body temperature

Scrotum

• heat can cause infertility

• spermatogenesis - maturation of sperm cells - takes about 50 days

Epididymis

• 10 - 15 days for the sperm cells to pass through the epididymis

• Functions -

• maturation of sperm cells

• storage of sperm cells

Vas Deferens

• passageway for sperm cells

Accessory Glands

• Seminal Vesicles

• Prostate Gland

• Cowper’s gland

Accessory Glands

• Provide 95-98% of total ejaculate volume

Seminal Vesicles

• secrete fructose - energy source for sperm

• 40-80% of ejaculate volume

Prostate Gland

• secretes enzymes

• 15-30 % of ejaculate volume

Cowper’s Gland

• cleanse and neutralize urethra

• keep sperm from dying

Urethra

• passageway for semen

• carries semen to the end of the penis

Retractor Muscle

• retracts penis

• pulls the penis back within the sheath

Sigmoid Flexor

• extends penis from the sheath

Penis

• deposits semen in the female reproductive tract

Sheath

• encloses the penis