reproduction. reproductive terminology castration removing the testicles of male animals to prevent...

Reproduction

Reproductive Terminology

CastrationRemoving the testicles of male animals to

prevent breedingColostrum

The first milk produced after a mammal gives birth that contains antibodies needed for immunity

ConceptionThe time when an egg is fertilized to create new

life

Elastor Castrator

Burdizzo Castrator

Surgical Castration


EmbryoThe early stage in the development of the fetus

EstrusThe time a female animal is receptive to be

bred, also called heat

FertilizationThe union of sperm and egg

Embryonic Development


GameteA mature germ cell (sperm or egg) that is

capable of initiating the formation of a new individual by fusion with another gamete

GestationThe time an animal is pregnant


InseminationThe act of placing sperm in the reproductive

tract of a female

LactationThe period of time that milk is secreted by the

mammary glands

OvulationThe release of a mature ovum by the ovary

Artificial Insemination

Artificial Insemination

Percent of Animals Born Via AI


ParturitionThe act of giving birth by female mammals

PregnantThe condition in which a female carries unborn

young

ReproductionThe process by which offspring are produced

Breeding Systems

PurebredMating registered male and female of the same

breedAngus x Angus

CrossbreedingMating a male and female of different breeds

Angus x Hereford = crossbred Crossbred x Purebred =crossbredCrossbred x Crossbred= crossbred

Breeding Systems

InbreedingMating closely related animals

Brother X SisterSon x MotherFather x Daughter

LinebreedingBreeding more distant relatives than

inbreeding, can be traced back to one common ancestorCousin X Cousin

Breeding Systems

Grading UpMating purebred males to grade, unregistered

or crossbred females to improve herdYorkshire Boar x Yorkshire/Hampshire Sow

Hybrid VigorSuperior traits come from crossbreeding

causing the offspring to have traits better than either parent

Female Reproductive System

OvaryOrgan that produces eggs and the two female

sex hormones

OvumFemale gamete or reproductive cell; also called

an egg

OviductThe tube that carries the eggs from the ovaries

to the uterus; also called the Fallopian tubesFertilization occurs here


InfundibulumThe funnel-shaped end of the oviduct that is

close to the ovary

Uterine HornThe points where the uterus and the uterine

tubes meet

UterusWhere the fetus grows; also called the womb


CervixThe thick muscular neck of the uterus, which

separates the uterus from the vagina

VaginaThe passage between the cervix and the vulva

Semen is most often deposited here

VulvaThe external opening of the female

reproductive and urinary systems


Embryo develops inside the females bodyGestation periods

Cattle 283 days

Swine114 days

Sheep148 days

Horses336 days

Female Reproductive System-Sow

Uterine Horn

Ovary

Oviduct

InfundibulumUterus

Cervix

Vagina

Vulva

Clitoris

Female Reproductive System-Cow

Uterus

Ovary

Oviduct

Uterine Horn

Bladder

Vulva

Vagina

Rectum

Cervix

Ovary Ovum

Infundibulum

Oviduct

Uterine Horn

Uterus

Cervix

Vagina

Vulva

Bladder

Female Poultry Reproductive System

Left OvaryThe functional organ that produces ovum

Right OvaryThe non-functional organ

YolkThe ovum produced in the left ovary

OviductA five part organ that develops the layers of the

egg


InfundibulumFertilization occurs here

MagnumThe thick white (albumen) of the egg is

secreted

IsthmusThe two shell membranes are added to the egg


UterusSecretes the thin white shell and shell pigment

VaginaHolds the egg until it is laid

CloacaEgg passes through

Semen is deposited here

VentEgg passes out of the body

Outside opening of the hen


Embryo develops outside the females body

Incubation periodsChicken

21 Days

Turkey28 Days

Duck28 Days


OvaryOvum

Mature Ovum

Infundibulum

Oviduct

Isthmus

Magnum

Uterus

Vagina

Rectum

VentCloaca

Right Ovary

Male Reproductive System

ScrotumThe sac like structure outside the body cavity

that contains the testicles and epididymis

TesticlesOrgans that produce sperm cells

EpididymisA long, coiled tube that is connected to each

testicleSperm matures here


Vas DeferensThe tube that connects the epididymis with the

urethraProvides the passageway for sperm cells

Seminal VesiclesProduces fluid that protects and transports

spermProstate Gland

Produces a fluid that mixes with the seminal fluid


Cowper’s GlandProduces a fluid that moves ahead of the

seminal fluid, cleaning and neutralizing the urethra

Retractor MuscleExtends the penis from the sheath and draws it

back in after copulationSigmoid Flexure

Extends the penis from the sheath for copulation


UrethraTube that connects penis to vas deferens and

bladder Releases seminal fluid and urine

PenisContains the urethra and deposits sperm into the

female reproductive tract

SheathA tubular fold of skin that covers and protects the

penis


Accessory Sex GlandsProduce fluid to protect and carry sperm

Cowper’s GlandProstate GlandSeminal Vesicles

Sperm must be kept at a specific temperature to surviveThe testicles raise and lower from the body

cavity to keep a constant temperature

Male Reproductive System-Bull

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate GlandSeminal Vesicles

Vas Deferens

Penis

Sheath

Epididymus

Testicles

Scrotum

Sigmoid Flexure

Retractor Muscle

Rectum

Bladder

Testicle

Epididymis

ScrotumVas Deferens

Seminal Vesicles

Prostate Gland

Cowper’s Gland

Retractor Muscle

Sigmoid Flexure

Urethra

Penis

Sheath

Male Poultry Reproductive System

TesticlesOrgans that produce sperm cells

Vas DeferensTube that connects the testicles to the cloaca

CloacaContains papilla

PapillaOrgan in the cloacal wall that secretes semen


The testicles in poultry are located inside the body cavity near the spine

Poultry do not have a penis, instead they have papilla inside the cloaca which secretes semen


Testicles

Kidneys

Ureters

Vas Deferens

Papilla

Cloaca

reproduction. reproductive terminology castration removing the testicles of male animals to prevent...

Documents