republic of bulgaria · 2018. 4. 19. · republic of bulgaria municipal infrastructure development...
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REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA
Municipal Infrastructure Development Project Loan No. 7834 - BG MIDP-MP-QCBS2
PREPARATION OF REGIONAL WATER AND WASTE WATER MASTER PLANS FOR CENTRAL REGION
OF REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA
REGIONAL FINAL MASTER PLAN
for the designated territory of ViK OOD KARDZHALI
February, 2014
In association with:
a Subsidiary of
HYDROPROEKT-SOFIA - LTD
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering i
REPORT CONTROL SHEET
CLIENT: MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS (MRDPW)
PROJECT:
PREPARATION OF REGIONAL WATER AND WASTE WATER MASTER
PLANS FOR THE CENTRAL REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA
Loan No 7834 - BG
Job No: MIDP – MP – QCBS2
REPORT TITLE:
Regional Final Master Plan for the designated territory of
ViK OOD - Kardzhali
Also took part in the preparation and writing of the report: - Friedrich Holzmann & Mikaël Sarter: Senior Water and Wastewater Engineers - Loeiz Thétiot: Senior Water and Wastewater Networks Expert - Petya Teneva: Master Plan Expert - Johan Glasser and Laurence Casenave: International Master Plan Experts - Sebastien Berton: Modeling Expert - Mihail Chaushev, Roman Hadzhiichev: Water Supply Experts - Petya Teneva, Bilyana Georgieva: Wastewater Network Experts - Roumen Arsov, Ventsislav Ivanov: Treatment Experts - Neli Gadzhalska: Hydrologist - Rumyana Nikolova: Hydrogeologist - Stela Ivanova: Environmental Expert - Emil Bandzhakov: Designer - Jarmo Myllyrinne: Senior Economist and Financial Management Specialist - Stephan Atanassov: Financial Expert - Silvia Stoyanova, Nadezhda Raykova, Vera Ivanova & Mariela Hristova: Translators
Also took part in the review of the report: - Friedrich Holzmann: Senior Water and Wastewater Engineer - Jarmo Myllyrinne: Senior Economist and Financial Management Specialist - Kapka Pancheva: Quality Controller Expert - Vincent Guézinga & Alice Reuillon: Water and Wastewater Engineers
This report, and information or advice which it contains, is provided by SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM solely for internal use and reliance by its Client in performance of SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM’s duties and liabilities under its contract with the Client. Any advice, opinions, or recommendations within this report should be read and relied upon only in the context of the report as a whole. The advice and opinions in this report are based upon the information made available to SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM at the date of this report and on current international standards, codes, and technology and construction practices as at the date of this report. Following final delivery of this report to the Client, SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM will have no further obligations or duty to advise the Client on any matters, including development affecting the information or advice provided in this report. This report has been prepared by SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM in their professional capacity as Consulting Engineers. The contents of the report do not, in any way, purport to include any manner of legal advice or opinion. This report is prepared in accordance with the terms and conditions of SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM‘s contract with the Client. Should the Client wish to release this report to a Third Party: (a) This Third Party does not acquire any rights, contractual or otherwise, whatsoever against SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM, and SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM accordingly assume no duties, liabilities or obligations to that Third Party, and (b) SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering CONSORTIUM accepts no responsibility for any loss or damage incurred by the Client or for any conflict of SEURECA/SCE/Hidroproekt Ltd/Arcadia Engineering g CONSORTIUM's interests arising out of the Client's release of this report to the Third Party.
Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by
Function MASTER PLAN EXPERT SENIOR WATER
SUPPLY & SANITATION
ENGINEER DEPUTY TEAM LEADER TEAM LEADER
Name Petya Teneva Mikaël Sarter Dotchka Vassileva Laurent Phan
Signature
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering ii
REPORT CONTROL SHEET
Advice
This MP has been prepared on the basis of best available data. Data has not always been forthcoming
and all obtained data is included in the Annex in digital form. As a result of this, the assessment and
investment measures (incl. option analysis) proposed in this MP will need to be revised and possibly
significantly amended in subsequent pre-investment studies (e.g. Pre-Feasibility Study, Feasibility
Study). A full revision of the MP shall be undertaken no later than 2018.
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
0. SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... 1
0.1. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE REGIONAL MASTER PLAN ............................................... 1
0.2. CURRENT SITUATION AND DEFICIENCIES ........................................................................... 1
0.2.1. General Characteristics 1
0.2.2. Current situation of water supply and sewerage systems 6
0.3. PROJECTIONS ..............................................................................................................18
0.3.1. Population evolution 18
0.3.2. Water demand 19
0.3.3. Wastewater generation 20
0.4. NATIONAL OBJECTIVES AND REGIONAL TARGETS ............................................................21
0.5. OPTION ANALYSIS AND REGIONAL STRATEGY ..................................................................22
0.5.1. Water supply 22
0.5.2. Sewerage 26
0.6. INVESTMENT PROGRAMME AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ......................................................31
0.6.1. Short term programme 32
0.6.2. Medium term programme 36
0.6.3. Long term programme 39
0.7. MACRO-AFFORDABILITY ................................................................................................42
0.8. PRIORITIZATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS ......................................................44
0.9. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ...............................................................................................44
0.10. OVERVIEW OF THE TERRITORY OF VIK OOD - KARDZHALI .......................................45
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................74
1.1. PROJECT FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................................74
1.1.1. General framework and policy context 74
1.1.2. Project objectives and scope of work 76
1.1.3. Project legal background 79
1.1.4. Other relevant programmes and projects 79
1.1.5. Report structure 81
1.2. INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ..............................................................82
1.2.1. General administrative framework 82
1.2.2. Regulatory framework 84
1.2.3. Stakeholders 86
1.2.4. Regulation of water supply and sewerage services provision 88
1.2.5. Legal aspects of funding opportunities 90
1.2.6. Conclusions and recommendations 94
2. DATA COLLECTION AND REVIEW ..........................................................................96
2.1. PROJECT AREA .............................................................................................................96
2.1.1. Master plan study area 96
2.1.2. Administrative division 97
2.1.3. River basins 98
2.2. NATURAL FEATURES ...................................................................................................100
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2.2.1. Geographical features 100
2.2.2. Climate characteristics 100
2.2.3. Environmental and ecological features 101
2.2.4. Hydro-geological conditions 108
2.2.5. Hydrological conditions 112
2.3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEATURES ......................................................................................113
2.3.1. Demographic development 113
2.3.2. Economic indicators 116
2.3.3. Households characteristics 119
2.3.4. Employment and unemployment rates 123
2.3.5. Density and type of housing 124
2.3.6. Economic development in the area 126
2.3.7. Major employers in the area 127
2.3.8. Commercial and industrial activities 127
2.3.9. Urban development planning 128
2.3.10. Land use and ownership 129
2.3.11. Waterborne health problems 130
2.3.12. Conclusion and recommendations 132
2.4. WSS SERVICES ..........................................................................................................132
2.4.1. WSS operators 132
2.4.2. Water services and tariff policy 134
2.4.3. Centralised heating services supply 135
2.4.4. Private wss operators in the area 135
2.4.5. Conclusions and recommendations 135
3. ASSESSMENT OF THE EXISTING SITUATION AND NEEDS FOR WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE SYSTEMS ...............................................................................136
3.1. WATER RESOURCES ...................................................................................................136
3.1.1. General characteristics 136
3.1.2. Surface water sources 138
3.1.3. Groundwater resources 144
3.1.4. Water rights and overall utilisation of resources 148
3.1.5. Potential pollution threats 153
3.1.6. Conclusions and recommendations 154
3.2. WATER POLLUTION .....................................................................................................155
3.2.1. Major pollution sources 155
3.2.2. Impact of wastewater discharge 162
3.2.3. Sludge management and disposal 163
3.2.4. Water quality monitoring 165
3.2.5. Conclusions and recommendations 166
3.3. CURRENT WATER CONSUMPTION .................................................................................166
3.3.1. Current water consumption by category of water users 166
3.3.2. Water balance and non-revenue water assessment 169
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3.3.3. Conclusions and recommendations 174
3.4. WATER SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE ...............................................................................175
3.4.1. General features 175
3.4.2. External water supply systems 176
3.4.3. Distribution networks 212
3.5. WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE .................................................................................235
3.5.1. Wastewater infrastructure of Kardzhali agglomeration 235
3.5.2. Wastewater infrastructure of Momchilgrad agglomeration 244
3.5.3. Wastewater infrastructure of agglomeration Krumovgrad 252
3.5.4. Wastewater infrastructure of Ardino agglomeration 254
3.5.5. Wastewater infrastructure of Dzhebel agglomeration 257
3.5.6. Wastewater infrastructure of Benkovski agglomeration 260
3.5.7. Wastewater infrastructure of other settlements 263
3.5.8. Summary of the main deficiencies of the wastewater infrastructure 264
3.5.9. Industrial wastewater facilities 265
3.6. DATA SUFFICIENCY .....................................................................................................267
3.6.1. List of Data Sources 267
3.6.2. Review of data 269
3.6.3. Conclusions and recommendations 271
3.7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................272
3.7.1. Water resources 272
3.7.2. Water pollution 272
3.7.3. Current water consumption 273
3.7.4. Water supply infrastructure 273
3.7.5. Wastewater infrastructure 277
3.8. ON-GOING AND PENDING PROJECTS .............................................................................278
4. PRIORITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WATER AND WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE TO ACHIEVE COMPLIANCE WITH EU DIRECTIVES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACQUIS ................................................................................................280
4.1. METHODOLOGY AND ASSUMPTIONS .............................................................................280
4.1.1. Basic design criteria 280
4.1.2. Proposed unit costs 301
4.1.3. General methodology for option analysis 306
4.1.4. General methodology for phasing and prioritization 309
4.2. OPTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM .......................................310
4.2.1. Strategy for the water losses minimisation program 310
4.2.2. Strategic alternatives for water supply for the main water supply systems 311
4.2.3. Defining the alternatives for the water supply systems (zones) 311
4.2.4. Strategic alternatives for the distribution networks 312
4.3. OPTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WASTEWATER SYSTEM ..................................312
4.3.1. Strategic alternatives for Wastewater systems 312
4.3.2. Alternatives for wastewater networks 323
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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5. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS AND MACROAFFORDABILITY ASSESSMENT ......................................................................................................................331
5.1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS .................................................................................331
5.1.1. Macroeconomic forecast 331
5.1.2. Forecast of population growth 335
5.1.3. Forecast of business development 345
5.1.4. Forecast for population income 345
5.2. WATER DEMAND PROJECTIONS ....................................................................................347
5.2.1. Summary of water demand projection at the WSSC territory level 347
5.2.2. Water demand projection at water supply zone level 348
5.3. PROJECTED WASTEWATER FLOW .................................................................................351
5.3.1. Summary of wastewater flow projection at the WSSC level 352
5.3.2. Wastewater flow projection at the agglomeration level 353
5.3.3. Summary of design wastewater flow and load 356
5.4. MACRO-AFFORDABILITY ASSESSMENT ..........................................................................357
5.4.1. Affordable tariffs and prices 357
5.4.2. Existing revenues and costs 359
5.4.3. Affordable investment programs 360
6. SHORT, MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME TO MEET WATER AND WASTEWATER DEVELOPMENT TARGETS ...............................................368
6.1. INVESTMENT PROGRAMME OVERVIEW ..........................................................................368
6.1.1. General approach 368
6.1.2. Summary of the investment programme 368
6.2. SHORT-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME ......................................................................372
6.2.1. Investment costs 372
6.2.2. Prioritized short-term investment programme 378
6.2.3. Financial and economic conclusions 387
6.3. MEDIUM-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME ....................................................................387
6.3.1. Investment costs 387
6.3.2. Prioritized medium-term investment programme 391
6.3.3. Financial and economic conclusions 398
6.4. LONG-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME ........................................................................398
6.4.1. Investment costs 398
6.4.2. Prioritized long-term investment programme 402
6.4.3. Financial and economic conclusions 408
7. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT .........................................................................409
7.1. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE ................................................................409
7.2. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE REGIONAL WATER AND WASTEWATER MASTER PLAN OF THE DESIGNATED TERRITORY OF VIK OOD - KARDZHALI....................409
8. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS .....................................................................................414
8.1. REGIONAL DRAFT MASTER PLAN DELIVERY .................................................................414
8.2. ASSESSMENTS AND COMMENTS ...................................................................................414
8.2.1. General 414
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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8.2.2. Comments from Public Authorities 414
8.3. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS .............................................................................................415
8.3.1. District Development Council 415
8.3.2. Water Association 415
8.3.3. Outcome of Public Consultations 415
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 0-1 Location of ViK OOD – Kardzhali .................................................................................. 2
Figure 0-2 General situation for water supply ............................................................................... 46
Figure 0-3 General situation for sewerage .................................................................................... 60
Figure 2-1 Territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali .................................................................................... 96
Figure 2-2 Natural features - East Rhodopes ............................................................................. 100
Figure 2-3 Age Pyramid of the Population in Kardzhali District by Gender, 2011 ...................... 115
Figure 2-4 GDP growth ............................................................................................................... 117
Figure 2-5 Comparison between regional and national GDP growth per capita (BGN) ............. 117
Figure 2-6 Comparison between national, regional and district GDP growth per capita ............ 118
Figure 2-7 Inflation in Bulgaria, measured by Consumer price index ......................................... 119
Figure 2-8 Total household income by decile groups ................................................................. 122
Figure 2-9 National and regional unemployment rate in the period 2005-2011, (in %) .............. 124
Figure 3-1 Enchets DWTP– administrative and laboratory building, inlet chamber, aeration mixer, radial sedimentation tanks ................................................................................................... 178
Figure 3-2 Filtering installation. The pipes and stop valves under the filtering installation ......... 179
Figure 3-3 Chlorination installation – chlorine gas cans and bottles ........................................... 180
Figure 3-4 Chlorination compartment – chlorine deactivation system with damaged hermetic tightness of the system ........................................................................................................ 180
Figure 3-5 Ozonation station ....................................................................................................... 180
Figure 3-6 Ozonation station ....................................................................................................... 180
Figure 3-7 PS Krumovgrad 1 – general view .............................................................................. 191
Figure 3-8 Chlorination with chlorine gas .................................................................................... 191
Figure 3-9 PS Krumovgrad 1 – machine room............................................................................ 191
Figure 3-10 PS Krumovgrad 1 System for monitoring and control ............................................. 191
Figure 3-11 PS Ardino 2 – general view .................................................................................... 195
Figure 3-12 Disinfection with hydrated lime ................................................................................ 195
Figure 3-13 Storage room for hydrated lime .............................................................................. 195
Figure 3-14 PS Ardino – machine room ...................................................................................... 195
Figure 3-15 Shaft wells supplying water to PS Ardino 2 ............................................................. 195
Figure 3-16 PS Dzhebel – general view ...................................................................................... 201
Figure 3-17 PS Dzhebel – shaft well ........................................................................................... 201
Figure 3-18 PS Dzhebel - chlorination ........................................................................................ 202
Figure 3-19 PS Dzhebel – machine room ................................................................................... 202
Figure 3-20 PS Dedets, Benkovski ............................................................................................. 206
Figure 3-21 Shaft wells at PS Dedets ......................................................................................... 206
Figure 3-22 PS Dedets – machine room ..................................................................................... 206
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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Figure 3-23 PS Dedets – disinfection with sodium hypochlorite ................................................. 206
Figure 3-24 Dedets – radio modem for transmission of information from the PS to a monitoring and management station in Kirkovo village ......................................................................... 207
Figure 4-1 Factors influencing water demand ............................................................................. 282
Figure 4-2 Presentation of main final sludge disposal routes ..................................................... 299
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 0-1 Population repartition ...................................................................................................... 5
Table 0-2 Water consumption for 2011 ........................................................................................... 9
Table 0-3 Population evolution in the designated territory for the period 2011-2038 ................... 18
Table 0-4 Water demand projections including the physical and commercial losses (Annual volumes in m3). ...................................................................................................................... 20
Table 0-5 Water consumption projections including domestic and non-domestic consumptions (Annual volumes in m3) .......................................................................................................... 20
Table 0-6 Wastewater flow projections (Annual volumes in m3) .................................................. 21
Table 0-7 Overall short-term investments for water supply .......................................................... 32
Table 0-8 Overall short-term investments for wastewater ............................................................ 32
Table 0-9 Prioritized short-term investment programme ............................................................... 33
Table 0-10 Overall medium-term investments for water supply.................................................... 36
Table 0-11 Overall medium-term investments for Wastewater (€) ............................................... 36
Table 0-12 Prioritized medium-term investment programme ........................................................ 37
Table 0-13 Overall long-term investments for water supply .......................................................... 39
Table 0-14 Overall long-term investments for Wastewater ........................................................... 39
Table 0-15 Prioritized long-term investment programme .............................................................. 40
Table 0-16 Affordability constraints 2016 - 2038 .......................................................................... 42
Table 0-17 Net cash flows at an affordability threshold of 4% of the average income of the first three decile groups, EUR ....................................................................................................... 42
Table 0-18 Summary table for Water Supply System ................................................................... 47
Table 0-19 Summary table for wastewater systems ..................................................................... 61
Table 1-1 Settlements with population above 2 000 inhabitants serviced byViK OOD - Kardzhali ............................................................................................................................................... 77
Table 1-2 On-going projects in the municipalities on the territory of ViK OOD - Kardzhali .......... 81
Table 1-3 Main stakeholders involved in preparation of the Regional Master Plans .................... 86
Table 1-4 Regulation of Water Supply and Sewerage Services Provision ................................... 88
Table 1-5 Envisaged expenditure in the water sector of the Municipality of Momchilgrad for 2013 in BGN .................................................................................................................................... 92
Table 2-1 Population thresholds for NUTS 2 ................................................................................ 97
Table 2-2 Main administrative units .............................................................................................. 97
Table 2-3 Average values of the climate features ....................................................................... 101
Table 2-4 Balance on the territory of Kardzhali District (km2) .................................................... 102
Table 2-5 Protected areas in Kardzhali District ........................................................................... 105
Table 2-6 Protected zones from NATURA 2000 network: PA East Rhodopes BG0001032 ...... 108
Table 2-7 Summary of the hydrogeological conditions ............................................................... 112
Table 2-8 Population in the designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali ..................................... 113
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Table 2-9 Urban and rural population in the designated territory, 2011 ..................................... 114
Table 2-10 Main indicators of the population age structure in Kardzhali District, 2011 (%) ....... 116
Table 2-11 Households in Kardzhali District and average number of household members by municipalities, 2011. ............................................................................................................ 119
Table 2-12 National household income by sources of income (in BGN) .................................... 120
Table 2-13 Comparison of household income structure on national and regional level ............. 121
Table 2-14 National household expenditures by cost categories, BGN ..................................... 123
Table 2-15 Population, area and population density (2011) ....................................................... 125
Table 2-16 Main characteristics of the housing in settlements with population more than 2000 inhabitants in the designated territory, 2011 ........................................................................ 125
Table 2-17 Housing per form of ownership, 2005-2010 .............................................................. 126
Table 2-18 Major industrial water consumers in the designated territory ................................... 128
Table 2-19 Registered deviations from the requirements of Ordinance №9/16.03.2001 ........... 131
Table 2-20 Total number of employees by position and qualification ......................................... 134
Table 2-21 Total number of employees by age .......................................................................... 134
Table 2-22 Water services and Tariff Policy ............................................................................... 135
Table 3-1 Regional Resources and Permitted Groundwater Abstraction, yearly ....................... 138
Table 3-2 Orohydrographic Characteristics of the Rivers in the Designated Territory of ViK OOD - Kardzhali .............................................................................................................................. 138
Table 3-3 Surface water flow ...................................................................................................... 139
Table 3-4 Surface water abstraction for 2009-2011 .................................................................... 139
Table 3-5 Water quantities permitted for abstraction by Basin Directorate for Water Management in East Aegean Sea Region for 2009-2011 ......................................................................... 140
Table 3-6 Percent flow distribution by months at typical points .................................................. 141
Table 3-7 Surface water bodies condition on the territory of Kardzhali district ........................... 143
Table 3-8 Distribution of water abstraction facilities used ........................................................... 144
Table 3-9 Depth of tube and shaft wells including their static water level .................................. 144
Table 3-10 Groundwater resources distribution by groundwater bodies and municipalities ...... 146
Table 3-11 Groundwater quantity delivered (supplied) – Year 2009 – 2011 .............................. 147
Table 3-12 Summarized Table of Water Quality ......................................................................... 148
Table 3-13 Usage permissions for the resources for domestic-drinking water supply ............... 149
Table 3-14 Surface water bodies in the basin of Arda River used for domestic-drinking water supply by ViK OOD Kardzhali. ............................................................................................. 150
Table 3-15 Bathing areas stated for the basin of Arda River ...................................................... 151
Table 3-16 Protected areas with restricted use of surface and/or ground water ........................ 151
Table 3-17 Type of pressure used to determine water bodies in risk by different activities ....... 153
Table 3-18 Major industrial sources of pollution in Kardzhali District and quantities, discharged into surface water. ................................................................................................................ 157
Table 3-19 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in the town of Kardzhali .............................................................................................................................. 166
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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Table 3-20 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Momchilgrad 167
Table 3-21 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Krumovgrad 167
Table 3-22 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Ardino ......... 167
Table 3-23 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Dzhebel ..... 168
Table 3-24 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Benkovski .. 168
Table 3-25 Summary of water consumption for ViK Kardzhali in 2011 ...................................... 169
Table 3-26 IWA Standard Water Balance for ViK Kardzhali ....................................................... 170
Table 3-27 Assumption for assessment of water balance components ..................................... 171
Table 3-28 Summary of Water Production, Water Consumption and Non-Revenue Water in the period from 2009 to 2011. .................................................................................................... 173
Table 3-29 Length and age of the water transmission system of ViK OOD - Kardzhali ............. 175
Table 3-30 General Features of External Water Supply System of the town of Kardzhali ......... 176
Table 3-31 Water sources specifics in the system of Kardzhali.................................................. 177
Table 3-32 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Kardzhali ........................................ 181
Table 3-33 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Kardzhali ...................................... 181
Table 3-34 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Kardzhali ............... 181
Table 3-35 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Kardzhali ................... 182
Table 3-36 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Kardzhali ... 182
Table 3-37 General features of the main water supply system of Momchilgrad ......................... 184
Table 3-38 Sources and their features in the system of Momchilgrad ........................................ 185
Table 3-39 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Momchilgrad .................................. 186
Table 3-40 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Momchilgrad ................................. 186
Table 3-41 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Momchilgrad .......... 187
Table 3-42 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Momchilgrad .............. 187
Table 3-43 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Momchilgrad ............................................................................................................................................. 188
Table 3-44 General features of the main water supply system of Krumovgrad .......................... 189
Table 3-45 Sources and their features in the system of Krumovgrad ......................................... 190
Table 3-46 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Krumovgrad ................................... 191
Table 3-47 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Krumovgrad .................................. 192
Table 3-48 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Krumovgrad ........... 192
Table 3-49 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Krumovgrad ............... 193
Table 3-50 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Krumovgrad193
Table 3-51 General features of the main water supply system of Ardino ................................... 196
Table 3-52 Sources and their features in the system of Ardino .................................................. 196
Table 3-53 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Ardino ............................................. 197
Table 3-54 Pumping stations of the water supply system of Ardino ........................................... 197
Table 3-55 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Ardino .................... 198
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Table 3-56 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Ardino ........................ 198
Table 3-57 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Ardino ........ 199
Table 3-58 General features of the main water supply system of Dzhebel ................................ 200
Table 3-59 Sources and their features in the system of Dzhebel ............................................... 201
Table 3-60 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Dzhebel .......................................... 202
Table 3-61 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Dzhebel ........................................ 202
Table 3-62 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Dzhebel ................. 203
Table 3-63 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Dzhebel ..................... 204
Table 3-64 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Dzhebel ..... 204
Table 3-65 General features of the main water supply system of Benkovski ............................. 205
Table 3-66 Sources and their features in the system of Benkovski ............................................ 206
Table 3-67 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Benkovski ....................................... 207
Table 3-68 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Benkovski ..................................... 207
Table 3-69 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Benkovski .............. 208
Table 3-70 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Benkovski .................. 208
Table 3-71 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Benkovski .. 208
Table 3-72 General features ....................................................................................................... 210
Table 3-73 Summary of the main deficiencies ............................................................................ 210
Table 3-74 Operating and maintenance costs of the water supply systems operated by ViK Kardzhali .............................................................................................................................. 211
Table 3-75 Distribution network in Kardzhali............................................................................... 212
Table 3-76 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Kardzhali ................... 213
Table 3-77 Customer metering in the town of Kardzhali ............................................................. 214
Table 3-78 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Kardzhali for 2011. .... 214
Table 3-79 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Kardzhali .............. 215
Table 3-80 Distribution network in Momchilgrad ......................................................................... 216
Table 3-81 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Momchilgrad ............. 217
Table 3-82 Customer metering in the town of Momchilgrad ....................................................... 218
Table 3-83 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Momchilgrad in 2011. 218
Table 3-84 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Momchilgrad ........ 219
Table 3-85 Distribution network of Krumovgrad ......................................................................... 220
Table 3-86 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Krumovgrad .............. 221
Table 3-87 Customer metering in the town of Krumovgrad ........................................................ 221
Table 3-88 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Krumovgrad in 2011 . 222
Table 3-89 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Krumovgrad ......... 223
Table 3-90 Distribution network of Ardino .................................................................................. 224
Table 3-91 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Ardino ........................ 225
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xiv
Table 3-92 Customer metering in the town of Ardino ................................................................. 225
Table 3-93 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Ardino in 2011 ........... 226
Table 3-94 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Ardino .................. 227
Table 3-95 Distribution network of Dzhebel ................................................................................ 228
Table 3-96 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Dzhebel ..................... 229
Table 3-97 Customer metering in the town of Dzhebel ............................................................... 229
Table 3-98 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Dzhebel in 2011 ........ 230
Table 3-99 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Dzhebel ............... 231
Table 3-100 Distribution network in Benkovski ........................................................................... 232
Table 3-101 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Benkovski ............... 232
Table 3-102 Customer metering in Benkovski ............................................................................ 233
Table 3-103 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Benkovski in 2011. .. 234
Table 3-104 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Benkovski .......... 234
Table 3-105 Examined agglomerations with their respective population equivalent .................. 235
Table 3-106 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Kardzhali ....................... 236
Table 3-107 Parameters of the sewerage network of Kardzhali ................................................. 236
Table 3-108 Specific wastewater quantities – Kardzhali WWTP ................................................ 238
Table 3-109 Loads and concentrations of the main pollutants in the wastewater at the inlet of the treatment plant ..................................................................................................................... 239
Table 3-110 Expected concentrations of main pollutants in the treated wastewater .................. 241
Table 3-111 Quantity of waste and sludge expected to be generated in the wastewater treatment plant of Kardzhali ................................................................................................................. 242
Table 3-112 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Kardzhali ................ 244
Table 3-113 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Momchilgrad .................. 244
Table 3-114 Parameters of the sewerage network of Momchilgrad ........................................... 245
Table 3-115 Specific wastewater quantities in Momchilgrad WWTP .......................................... 247
Table 3-116 Loads and concentrations of the main pollutants in the wastewater at the inlet of the treatment plant ..................................................................................................................... 247
Table 3-117 Expected concentrations of the main pollutants in the treated wastewater ............ 248
Table 3-118 Quantity of waste and sludge expected to be generated in the future wastewater treatment plant ..................................................................................................................... 250
Table 3-119 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Momchilgrad .......... 252
Table 3-120 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Krumovgrad ................... 252
Table 3-121 Parameters of the sewerage network of Krumovgrad ............................................ 253
Table 3-122 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Krumovgrad ........... 254
Table 3-123 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Ardino ............................ 255
Table 3-124 Parameters of the sewerage network of Ardino ...................................................... 255
Table 3-125 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Ardino ..................... 257
Table 3-126 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Dzhebel ......................... 257
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xv
Table 3-127 Parameters of the sewerage network of Dzhebel ................................................... 258
Table 3-128 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Dzhebel .................. 260
Table 3-129 General features of the sewerage system in the village of Benkovski ................... 260
Table 3-130 Parameters of the sewerage network in the village of Benkovski .......................... 261
Table 3-131 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Benkovski ............... 262
Table 3-132 General features of the sewerage system .............................................................. 263
Table 3-133 Major existing industrial companies in Kardzhali Agglomeration ............................ 266
Table 3-134 Review of data ........................................................................................................ 270
Table 3-135 Existing projects included in the Master Plan ......................................................... 278
Table 4-1 Water balance according to IWA terminology ............................................................. 281
Table 4-2 Technical description of treatment processes (except nitrate issues) ........................ 287
Table 4-3 Technical description of disinfection processes .......................................................... 289
Table 4-4 Pollution loads depending on pollution degree ........................................................... 294
Table 4-5 Wastewater treatment system depending on the amount of Population Equivalent .. 296
Table 4-6 Technical description of wastewater treatment processes ......................................... 296
Table 4-7 Sludge treatment system depending on the amount of Population Equivalent .......... 298
Table 4-8 Technical description of sludge treatment processes ................................................. 298
Table 4-9 Investment costs (Water Supply) ................................................................................ 301
Table 4-10 Share of investment per type of material (Water Supply) ......................................... 303
Table 4-11 Investment costs (Wastewater) ................................................................................. 304
Table 4-12 Share of investment per type of material (Wastewater) ........................................... 305
Table 4-13 Review of the alternatives – external water supply systems of the town of Kardzhali, the town of Momchilgrad, the town of Krumovgrad, the town of Ardino, the town of Dzhebel and the village of Benkovski ................................................................................................ 311
Table 4-14 Replacement of the distribution network in the period 2014 -2038 .......................... 312
Table 4-15 Maximum concentration in treated water .................................................................. 313
Table 4-16 Agglomerations, concerned by the alternatives (population) .................................... 313
Table 4-17 Agglomerations, concerned by the alternatives (potential number of P.E.) ............. 314
Table 4-18 Review of the alternatives for centralised or decentralised WWTP .......................... 314
Table 4-19 Scope of the studies of wastewater zones ............................................................... 316
Table 4-20 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Kardzhali ...................... 317
Table 4-21 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Kardzhali ......................... 317
Table 4-22 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Momchilgrad................. 318
Table 4-23 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Momchilgrad ................... 318
Table 4-24 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Krumovgrad.................. 318
Table 4-25 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Krumovgrad .................... 319
Table 4-26 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Ardino ........................... 319
Table 4-27 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Ardino .............................. 319
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xvi
Table 4-28 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Dzhebel ........................ 320
Table 4-29 Differences between Alternative 1 and Alternative 2 for Agglomeration Dzhebel .... 320
Table 4-30 Assessment of the alternatives for Agglomeration Dzhebel ..................................... 321
Table 4-31 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Dzhebel ........................... 322
Table 4-32 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Benkovski ..................... 322
Table 4-33 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Benkovski........................ 322
Table 4-34 Final list of the agglomerations and the groups ........................................................ 323
Table 5-1 GDP growth assumptions (% per annum), Guideline for CBA ................................... 332
Table 5-2 GDP growth assumptions (% per annum) .................................................................. 332
Table 5-3 Inflation dynamics assumptions (growth rate per annum in %) .................................. 333
Table 5-4 Inflation dynamics of major cost categories (growth rate per annum in %) ............... 333
Table 5-5 Inflation dynamics assumptions – cost categories (growth rate per annum in %) ..... 334
Table 5-6 Taxes by categories, 2011 .......................................................................................... 334
Table 5-7 Regional demographic projections 2015 – 2040, number of people .......................... 337
Table 5-8 Projected demographic changes (growth rate per annum in %) ................................ 337
Table 5-9 Population projections for the service area at settlement level .................................. 339
Table 5-10 Average household income projections, Euro/year .................................................. 346
Table 5-11 Income distribution in decile groups for the service area, in euro ............................ 346
Table 5-12 Water demand projection at the WSSC level ........................................................... 347
Table 5-13 Water demand projection for the town of Kardzhali .................................................. 348
Table 5-14 Water demand projection for the town of Momchilgrad ............................................ 348
Table 5-15 Water demand projection for the town of Krumovgrad ............................................. 349
Table 5-16 Water demand projection for the town of Ardino ...................................................... 349
Table 5-17 Water demand projection for the town of Dzhebel.................................................... 350
Table 5-18 Water demand projection for the village of Benkovski .............................................. 350
Table 5-19 Water demand projection for all settlements below 2000 inhabitants ...................... 351
Table 5-20 Water demand projection for settlements currently not operated by WSS operator 351
Table 5-21 Wastewater flow projections at the WSSC level ....................................................... 352
Table 5-22 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Kardzhali ................................ 353
Table 5-23 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Momchilgrad .......................... 353
Table 5-24 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Krumovgrad ........................... 354
Table 5-25 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Ardino .................................... 354
Table 5-26 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Dzhebel ................................. 355
Table 5-27 Wastewater flow projection for the village of Benkovski ........................................... 355
Table 5-28 Wastewater flow projection for all settlements below 2,000 P.E .............................. 356
Table 5-29 Summary of Design wastewater flow and load ......................................................... 357
Table 5-30 Affordability thresholds and tariffs ............................................................................. 358
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xvii
Table 5-31 Operating costs and revenues, in thousand euros ................................................... 359
Table 5-32 Proposed investments in water supply ..................................................................... 360
Table 5-33 Proposed investments in wastewater discharge and treatment ............................... 360
Table 5-34 Distribution of construction investment costs ............................................................ 361
Table 5-35 Maximum level of revenues at the affordability thresholds, EUR ............................. 363
Table 5-36 Current and projected O&M costs (“without-the-project” scenario). EUR................. 363
Table 5-37 Incremental annual O&M costs water supply investments, EUR ............................. 364
Table 5-38 Incremental annual O&M costs, wastewater investments, EUR .............................. 364
Table 5-39 Depreciations of new assets, EUR ........................................................................... 364
Table 5-40 Loan payments in case of 10% co-financing, EUR................................................... 365
Table 5-41 Net cash flows, EUR ................................................................................................. 365
Table 5-42 Maximum investment programmes value (investment component) at a threshold of 4% of the average income of the first three decile groups and 30% depreciation, EUR ..... 366
Table 6-1 Investment costs for all stages (in €) .......................................................................... 369
Table 6-2 Short-term investments for water supply (in €) .......................................................... 374
Table 6-3 Short-term investments for sewerage (in €) ................................................................ 377
Table 6-4 Overall short-term investments for water supply ........................................................ 377
Table 6-5 Overall short-term investments for sewerage (in €) .................................................... 378
Table 6-6 Prioritized short-term investment programme ............................................................. 379
Table 6-7 Medium-term investments for water supply (in €) ....................................................... 388
Table 6-8 Medium-term investments for sewerage (in €) ........................................................... 390
Table 6-9 Overall medium-term investments for water supply.................................................... 390
Table 6-10 Overall medium-term investments for sewerage (in €) ............................................. 391
Table 6-11 Prioritized medium-term investment programme ...................................................... 392
Table 6-12 Long-term investments for water supply (in €) .......................................................... 399
Table 6-13 Long-term investments for sewerage (in €) .............................................................. 401
Table 6-14 Overall long-term investment for water supply ......................................................... 401
Table 6-15 Overall long-term investments for sewerage ............................................................ 402
Table 6-16 Prioritized long-term investment programme ............................................................ 403
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xviii
LIST OF APPENDICES
№ Name
Language
(English /
Bulgarian /
Both)
Chapter 1
1-1 Projects under implementation Both
1-2 Regulatory framework in Bulgaria Both
1-3 Regulatory framework in the European Community Both
Chapter 2
2-1 Project scope Both
2-2 Administrative data Both
2-3 Maps of groundwater bodies Both
2-4 Drinking water monitoring for the year 2012 Both
Chapter 3
3-1 General features of surface water Both
3-2 Surface water quantity Both
3-3 Water supply zones (pursuant to Ordinance №9/16.03.2001) Both
3-4 Groundwater quality Both
3-5 Water monitoring Both
3-6 Water supply systems Both
3-7 Water balance Both
3-8 Priority projects of Ardino Municipality for water and wastewater infrastructure of
settlements below 2,000 PE. Both
3-9 Priority projects of Dzhebel Municipality for water and wastewater infrastructure
of settlements below 2,000 PE. Both
3-10 Priority projects of Kirkovo Municipality for water and wastewater infrastructure of
settlements below 2,000 PE. Both
3-11 Priority projects of Krumovgrad Municipality for water and wastewater
infrastructure of settlements below 2,000 PE. Both
3-12 Priority projects of Kardzhali Municipality for water and wastewater infrastructure
of settlements below 2,000 PE. Both
3-13 Priority projects of Momchilgrad Municipality for water and wastewater
infrastructure of settlements below 2,000 PE. Both
3-14
Priority projects of Chernoochene Municipality for water and wastewater
infrastructure of settlements below 2,000 PE.
Both
Chapter 4
4-1 Daily and hourly irregularity coefficient and domestic consumption Both
4-2 Comparison of combined and separate sewerage systems Both
4-3 Description of possible final sludge disposal ways Both
4-4 Climate change impact Both
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xix
№ Name
Language
(English /
Bulgarian /
Both)
4-5 Investment Costs (Water Supply) Both
4-6 Investment Costs (Waste Water) Both
4-7 Prioritization system Both
4-8 Calculations to the option evaluation for Dzhebel agglomeration Both
4-9 Description of improvement works for the sewerage network in periods (short-,
medium- and long- term) Both
4-10 Length of the sewerage network (new and reconstructed) by type of work,
diameters and periods for the town of Kardzhali Both
4-11 Length of the sewerage network (new and reconstructed) by type of work,
diameters and periods for the town of Momchilgrad Both
4-12 Length of the sewerage network (new and reconstructed) by type of work,
diameters and periods for the town of Krumovgrad Both
4-13 Length of the sewerage network (new and reconstructed) by type of work,
diameters and periods for the town of Ardino Both
4-14 Length of the sewerage network (new and reconstructed) by type of work,
diameters and periods for the town of Dzhebel Both
4-15 Length of the sewerage network (new and reconstructed) by type of work,
diameters and periods for the village of Benkovski Both
Chapter 6
6-1 Identifying investments for sewerage systems in settlements with less than
2,000 inhabitants Both
Chapter 7
7-1 Environmental assessment procedure Both
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xx
LIST OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
№ Name of additional information
Language
(English /
Bulgarian /
Both)
Chapter 2
2-1 Climate characteristics Bulgarian
2-2 Map of Natura 2000 protected areas Bulgarian
Chapter 3
3-1 Surface water quality Bulgarian
3-2 Data on major industial and public water consumers Bulgarian
3-3 Enchets natural water treatment plant Bulgarian
3-4 Existing wastewater network of the town of Kardzhali Bulgarian
3-5 Existing wastewater network of the town of Momchilgrad Bulgarian
3-6 Existing wastewater network of the town of Krumovgrad Bulgarian
3-7 Existing wastewater network of the town of Ardino Bulgarian
3-8 Existing wastewater network of the town of Dzhebel Bulgarian
3-9 Existing wastewater network of the village of Benkovski Bulgarian
Chapter 4
4-1 Description of drinking water treatment process Both
4-8 Design of pressure sewer collectors Both
4-3 Design of storage facilities Both
4-4 Design of water supply network Both
4-5 Design of water supply pumping stations Both
4-6 Design of combined sewerage systems Both
4-7 Design of gravity collectors Both
4-8 Design of pressure sewer collectors Both
4-9 Design of wastewater pumping stations Both
4-10 Design of stormwater overflows Both
4-11 Design of retention tanks Both
4-12 Description of WWTP process Both
4-13 Description of sludge treatment management Both
4-14 Wastewater treatment plant of Kardzhali agglomeration Bulgarian
4-15 Treatment of Kardzhali WWTP sludge Bulgarian
4-16 Wastewater treatment plant of Momchilgrad agglomeration Bulgarian
4-17 Treatment of Momchilgrad WWTP sludge Bulgarian
4-18 Wastewater treatment plant of Krumovgrad agglomeration Bulgarian
4-19 Treatment of Krumovgrad WWTP sludge Bulgarian
4-20 Wastewater treatment plant of Ardino agglomeration Bulgarian
4-21 Treatment of Ardino WWTP sludge Bulgarian
4-22 Wastewater treatment plant of Dzhebel agglomeration Bulgarian
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xxi
№ Name of additional information
Language
(English /
Bulgarian /
Both)
4-23 Treatment of Dzhebel WWTP sludge Bulgarian
4-24 Wastewater treatment plant of Benkovski agglomeration Bulgarian
4-25 Treatment of Benkovski WWTP sludge Bulgarian
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LIST OF MAPS
№ Name of the map Scale
1 Existing External Water-Supply System of ViK Kardzhali 1:100 000
2 Existing External Water-Supply System of the Town of Kardzhali 1:25 000
3 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply System of the Town of Kardzhali 1:25 000
4 Existing External Water-Supply System of the Town of Momchilgrad 1:25 000
5 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply System of the Town of Momchilgrad 1:25 000
6 Existing External Water-Supply System of the Town of Krumovgrad 1:25 000
7 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply System of the Town of Krumovgrad 1:25 000
8 Existing External Water-Supply System of the Town of Ardino 1:25 000
9 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply System of the Town of Ardino 1:25 000
10 Existing External Water-Supply System of the Town of Dzhebel 1:25 000
11 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply System of the Town of Dzhebel 1:25 000
12 Existing External Water-Supply System of the Village of Benkovski 1:25 000
13 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply System of the Village of Benkovski 1:25 000
14 Existing Water Supply Network in the Town of Kardzhali 1:5 000
15 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply Network in the Town of Kardzhali 1:5 000
16 Existing Water Supply Network in the Town of Momchilgrad 1:5 000
17 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply Network in the Town of Momchilgrad 1:5 000
18 Existing Water Supply Network in the Town of Krumovgrad 1:5 000
19 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply Network in the Town of Krumovgrad 1:5 000
20 Existing Water Supply Network in the Town of Ardino 1:5 000
21 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply Network in the Town of Ardino 1:5 000
22 Existing Water Supply Network in the Town of Dzhebel 1:5 000
23 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply Network in the Town of Dzhebel 1:5 000
24 Existing Water Supply Network in the Village of Benkovski 1:5 000
25 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Water-Supply Network in the Village of Benkovski 1:5 000
26 Master Layout of Water Company Kardzhali - Sewerage 1:100 000
27 Existing Sewerage Network in the Town of Kardzhali 1:5 000
28 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Sewerage Network in the Town of Kardzhali 1:5 000
29 Existing Sewerage Network in the Town of Momchilgrad 1:5 000
30 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Sewerage Network in the Town of Momchilgrad
1:5 000
31 Existing Sewerage Network in the Town of Krumovgrad 1:5 000
32 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Sewerage Network in the Town of Krumovgrad 1:5 000
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xxiii
№ Name of the map Scale
33 Existing Sewerage Network in the Town of Ardino 1:5 000
34 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Sewerage Network in the Town of Ardino 1:5 000
35 Existing Sewerage Network in the Town of Dzhebel 1:5 000
36 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Sewerage Network in the Town of Dzhebel 1:5 000
37 Existing Sewerage Network in the Village of Benkovski 1:5 000
38 Short Term, Medium Term and Long Term Investment Programme for the Sewerage Network in the Village of Benkovski
1:5 000
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xxiv
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AC
BA
BDWMBSR
BDWMDR
BDWMEAR
BGN
BOD5
BP
BPS
CBA
CC
CCTV
CM
COD
CSG
DB
DBP
DC/DS
DNHWL
DWD
DWTP
EA
EBRD
EMAPA
EIA
EIB
EOP
EPA
EU
€
GAC
GDP
GIS
GVA
GWI
HMS
IFIs
IS
IURDP
IWA
IWSN
l/c/d
MA
MEET
MoEW
MP
Asbestos-Cement
Biodiversity Act
Basin Directorate for Water Management in Black sea Region
Basin Directorate for Water Management in Danube Region
Basin Directorate for Water Management in East Aegean Region
Bulgarian Leva
Biochemical Oxygen Demand – 5 days
Business Plan
Bunker pumping station
Сost Benefit analysis
Collection Chamber
Closed Circuit Television
Constant Monitoring
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Community Strategic Guidelines
Deep Borehole
Disinfection by product
Distribution Chamber/Distribution Shaft
District Non-hazardous Waste Landfill
Drinking Water Directive
Drinking Water Treatment Plant
Environmental Assessment
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
Enterprise for Management of Environmental Protection Activities
Environmental impact assessment
European Investment Bank
Environment Operational Programme
Environmental Protection Act
European Union
€uro
Granulated Activated Carbon
Gross Domestic Product
Geographic Information System
Gross Value Added
Ground Water Infiltration
Hydrometric stations
International Financing Institutions
Irrigation system
Integrated Urban Recovery and Development Planning
International Water Association
Internal Water Supply Network
Liter per capita per day
Managing Authority
Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism
Ministry of Environment and Water
Master Plan
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering xxv
MRDPW N
N
NDP
NES
NL
NP
NPV
NSMDW
NSRF
NRW
NUTS 2
NWMP OP
P
PA
PE
PM
PS
PU
Q
RIEW
RIPCPH
RR
RWC
RWSSSA
SC
SCF
SEWRC
SPZ
SS
SW
TR
TW
UCDB
US
UWWTD
WA
WA
WB
WB
WC
WFD
WSS
WSSC
WWTP
Ministry of Regional Development and Public Works
Nitrogen
National Development Plan
National Environmental Strategy
Natural landmarks
Natural park
Net Present Value
National Strategy for Management and Development of the Water Sector
National Strategic Reference Framework
Non-Revenue Water
South Central Planning Region
National Waste Management Programme
Operational Programme
Phosphorus
Protected areas
Population Equivalent
Periodical Monitoring
Pumping Station
Pump unit
Flow
Regional Inspectorate of Environment and Water
Regional Inspectorate of Protection and Control Public Health
Relieve Reservoir
Regional Water Companies
Regulation of Water Supply and Sewerage Services Act
Spring Catchment
Structural and Cohesion Funds
State Energy and Water Regulatory Commission
Sanitary Protection Zone
Suspended solids
Shaft Well
Transitional Reservoir
Tube Well
Unit Cost Data Base
Urban sewerage
Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive
Water Act
Water Associations
World Bank
Water Body
Water Cycle
Water Framework Directive
Water supply and sewerage
Water Supply and Sewerage Companies (ViKs)
Waste Water Treatment Plant
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 1
0. SUMMARY
0.1. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE REGIONAL MASTER PLAN
This section relates to Chapter 1 of the main Report.
The Government of Bulgaria has received a loan from the World Bank to implement a
Municipal Infrastructure Development Project. Its strategic aims are to (a) improve the
reliability and quality of water provision to the communities in selected settlements in
the project area and (b) assist municipalities to improve investment-planning capacity.
The SEURECA, SCE, Arcadia Engineering and Hidroproekt-Sofia Joint-Venture has
been engaged through the Ministry of Regional Development and Public Works
(MRDPW) to provide consultancy services for the Preparation of the Regional Water
Supply and Sewerage Master Plans in the Central Region of Bulgaria.
The objective of the project is to improve the water supply and sewerage systems on
the considered region in compliance with the European Directives and the National
Environmental Strategy of Bulgaria, which main objective is to “provide good quality
and sufficient quantity of water for different purposes”. This will be done by defining
the necessary assets, asset improvements and non-investment measures allowing
meeting the needs of the population and the financial plan to be applied for such an
achievement. The Master Plan implementation period is 2014-2038.
The regional master plan will serve to support the policy of development of the water
supply and sewerage infrastructure and the corresponding financial plan. It will serve
as a basis for the subsequent stages of development: feasibility studies, application
forms, tender documentation, design and construction.
The present report is exposing the outcomes of the Study conducted on the territory of
the ViK OOD – Kardzhali within the framework of the Regional Water Supply and
Sewerage Master Plans in the Central Region of Bulgaria.
0.2. CURRENT SITUATION AND DEFICIENCIES
This section relates to Chapters 2 and 3 of the main Report.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 0.2.1.
Project area 0.2.1.1.
The area serviced by ViK OOD – Kardzhali includes the municipalities of Ardino,
Dzhebel, Kirkovo, Krumovgrad, Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Chernoochene. All of them
are locates on the territory of Kardzhali District.
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 2
The general situation on the territory of Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali
is presented in drawing №1 and drawing № 26.
Natural features 0.2.1.2.
Geographical features
Kardzhali District has a territory that covers 3 209,1 sq. km. The region is located in
Southern Bulgaria at the border with the Republic of Greece. The landscape is mainly
mountainous and semi-mountainous. The main rivers crossing the territory are: Arda
River (passing through the town of Kardzhali), Varbitsa River (passing near the town
of Momchilgrad and the village of Benkovski, Municipality of Kirkovo), Ardinska River
(passing through the town of Ardino), Krumovitsa River (passing near the town of
Krumovgrad).
The climate is Transitional continental to Transitional Mediterranean type with average
annual precipitation of about 687 mm and snow coverage with duration of about 4
months.
Hydro-geological conditions
The hydro-geological conditions within the area of Kardzhali District are determined by
karst, crack and pore groundwater.
Karst water is contained mainly in the marble bodies, where they form groundwater
body “Karst water – Ardino-Nedelinski basin” under code BG3G00000Pt042. Its
chemical content is mainly hydro-calcium with mineralization in the range of 200-500
mg/l.
Fissure water is formed in Paleogene and Pre-Cambrian rocks, where three
groundwater bodies are formed. They are pressureless bodies characterized by
shallow circulation of groundwater in the hypergenic, cracked and weathered zone.
The chemical content of fissure water is: hydrocarbonate-sulphate-calcium-
magnesium with mineralization of 100-600 mg/l.
Kardzhali
Figure 0-1 Location of ViK OOD – Kardzhali
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 3
Pore water is accumulated in the gravel-sand Paleogene and Neogene sediments and
Quaternary, alluvial and delluvial formations. The following groundwater body is
formed in them: “Pore water in Quaternary – Arda River” under code
BG3G000000Q010. Pore water is mainly hydrocarbonate-calcium-sodium with
average mineralization of 500-600 mg/l. Its chemical status is “good”.
Groundwater is fed by precipitation and surface water. It is drained in the river-ravine
network and through water abstraction facilities.
Groundwater quality meets the requirements of Ordinance №9/2001 on the quality of
water intended for drinking purposes.
Besides the described groundwater bodies, on the territory of Kardzhali District are
also situated mineral water deposits “Dzhebel” and “Kirkovo”, which are exclusive
state property.
Geological conditions and soils
The territory of Kardzhali District, serviced by “Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD –
Kardzhali, structurally falls within the Eastern Rhodopes part of the Rhodopes massif.
Its geological structure includes metamorphic rocks (gneisses, schists, leptynites,
amphibolites, marbles and calc-schists, etc.), sediments and volcanogenic rocks
(sandstones, marls, limestones, shales, andesites, lavas, tuffs, mixture of tuffs and
tuffites) and Quaternary formations include alluvial sediments along Arda River and its
tributaries Varbitsa, Krumovitsa, Perperek, etc. (gravels, sands, clays) and delluvial
formations of sandy clays with rock parts on some places, covering the root rocks with
sporadic distribution.
The predominant soil type in the District of Kardzhali is maroon soils. There are also
brown forest soils, humus-calcareous, alluvial, delluvial, cinnamon - podzolic and other
soil types.
Environmental and Ecological features
The ecological and environmental features can be summarized as follows:
• All groundwater bodies on the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali are in the list
of the “Sensitive Zones” in Bulgaria. Pollution assessment is presented in
Appendix 3-5.
• The groundwater bodies on the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali from which
water for human consumption is abstracted are in good condition.
• Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali has sufficient quantity of
resources and groundwater sources to meet the drinking-domestic and other
needs of the population in the services settlements. There are no restrictions
for the usage of surface and groundwater for domestic-drinking water supplies
and other needs, since water quality meets the requirements of the respective
legal and normative documents.
• The anthropogenic pollution of separate water bodies from point and diffuse
pollutants does not affect drinking water quality.
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 4
• In the last years there is an establishing tendency for reduction of soil and
groundwater pollution with nitrates as a result of applying programs for
ecological agriculture and stock breeding and the introduced control over the
activity of agricultural producers and stock breeding farms.
• The impact of the activity from OTsK – Kardzhali AD (with declining functions)
over water, soil and air in the last years is strictly controlled by RIEW Haskovo
so that it meets the ecological standards.
• The proposed investment measures in the Regional Master Plan of the
designated territory will contribute for improving the status of the water bodies
and for sustainable development of the ecosystems as a result of collecting
and transporting wastewater for treatment in modern WWTP.
• Thus are prevented potential threats and risks to the environment and health
risk for the population in the area.
• The municipalities in the designated territory have available an approved by
the competent authorities waste management programs. For the sludge of the
urban WWTP of the settlements included in the investment program there are
elaborated sludge management programs and it is necessary to update them
regularly by specifying the possibilities for their utilization.
• The municipalities in Kardzhali District suspended in advance the operation of
the old municipal landfills, closed down under program “Regional Centre for
Waste Management – Kardzhali” (RCWM).
• The designated territory is characterized with rich biological diversity, which is
confirmed by the high level of saturation with protected areas and zones,
controlled by RIEW – Haskovo. More data are presented in item 3.1.4.3.
Socio-economic features 0.2.1.3.
Total number of population on the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali is 152 808
inhabitants, divided in 471 settlements. The region services by ViK OOD – Kardzhali
includes 244 settlements (135,274 people), and the remaining 227 are self-serviced
(there is no private operator on the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali). The relative
share of the serviced population in the designated territory amounts to 88,5% of the
entire population of Kardzhali District. Out of the 244 settlements serviced by ViK
OOD – Kardzhali one settlement has population of more than 10,000 inhabitants
(Kardzhali) and 5 are between 2,000 and 10,000 inhabitants (the town of Ardino, the
town of Dzhebel, the village of Benkovski, the town of Krumovgrad and the town of
Momchilgrad).
The repartition of the population among the municipalities is presented below. In the
municipality of Chernoochene there is no settlement with population of more than
2,000 inhabitants. In the municipality of Kirkovo there is one settlement with population
of more than 2,000 inhabitants, and that is the village of Benkovski.
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Table 0-1 Population repartition
Municipality Settlement
(population)
More than
2000
inhabitants
(population)
Less than
2000
population
(population)
Serviced by ViK
OOD – Kardzhali
(population)
Ardino 52
(11,572)
1
(3,493)
51
(8,079)
12
(8824)
Chernoochene 51
(9,607)
0
(0)
51
(9,607)
24
(7 370)
Dzhebel 48
(8,167)
1
(3,093)
47
(5,074)
23
(6850)
Kardzhali 118
(67,460)
1
(43,880)
117
(23,580)
69
(63879)
Kirkovo 73
(21,916)
1
(2,121)
72
(19,795)
43
(18 255)
Krumovgrad 80
(17,823)
1
(5,070)
79
(12,753)
41
(15 203)
Momchilgrad 49
(16,263)
1
(7,831)
48
(8,432)
32
(14 893)
Total 471
(152,808)
6
(65,488)
465
(87,320)
244
(135 274)
Regional GDP data is collected at NUTS II level and at NUTS III level it is limited and
presented for 2 years behind. The designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali falls
within the boundaries of South Central Region, which produces approximately 14% of
the national GDP and has lower economic growth as compared to national
tendencies. These differences are significant and growing with time (GDP per capita in
2010 is about 70% of the average national compared to over 76% in 2000 and it may
be assumed that while the regional economic growth follows the national trends, the
difference will increase at a lower rate. Statistical data for the GDP in Kardzhali
Districts indicates economic growth lower not only than the national but also than the
regional one. In 2010 GDP per capita in Kardzhali District amounts to only 54,2% of
the national average and 77% of the regional GDP per capita. At the same time as per
data of the Territorial Statistics Bureau – Kardzhali in 2011 the general income per
capita is 86,27% of the average income of the households in the country.
The slower economic development in the region and the higher unemployment level
additionally contribute to population reduction and especially for the higher out-
migration. Economy development in the designated territory as a whole follows the
growth rate of the national one but is below the average for each of the most important
economic and social parameters – demographic growth, net sales revenue growth,
household income and unemployment. Employment in the district is one of the lowest
in the country, and as a result of the crises it shrunk to below 40% employed (among
people aged 15 and more). In Kardzhali Municipality are employed about two thirds of
all employed and hired people in the district. Over 97% of the active enterprises in the
designated area are micro, small and medium enterprises. The district is rich in
mineral resources and has traditions in the processing and mining industry. The
deposits of mineral resources turn the district into a raw basis for the development of
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ferrous metallurgy, logging, processing of non-metalliferous minerals. Textile, clothing
and food industries and machine building are also developed. There are good
traditions for growing oriental tobacco in the district.
Water and Wastewater services 0.2.1.4.
ViK OOD – Kardzhali is a legal entity, which is 51% state ownership and the
remaining 49% are owned by the municipalities. The total capital of the company
amounts to EUR 161,600.2 (BGN 316,090). For the year of 2011 the turnover
amounted to EUR 3,658,040 (BGN 7,154,396) and net income to the amount of EUR
3,424,630 (BGN 6,698,000).
The total number of WSSC employees is 345, 294 of which work in water supply, 11
work in sewerage and 40 are in the administrative department.
The price approved by SEWRC as of 28.02.2013 in the designated territory of Water
Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali for water supply and discharge is 0.613
EUR/m3 by pumping, and 0.42427 EUR/m3 by gravity, while the price for domestic
and industrial wastewater collection amounts to 0.046 EUR/m3. The average price is
056 EUR/m3, which is close to the price formed at a threshold of 4% of the average
income of the deciles groups with the lowest income.
CURRENT SITUATION OF WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE 0.2.2.
SYSTEMS
The synthesis of the current situation and the compliance with EU directives regarding
water supply and sewerage, settlement by settlement, is presented in chapter 0.10.
100% of the settlements have access to drinking water.
Water sources 0.2.2.1.
0.2.2.1.1. General status
ViK OOD – Kardzhali uses 72 different water sources, distributed as follows:
• Captured springs – 26;
• Dams for water supply purposes – 1 – Borovitsa Dam;
• Mountain water intake – 1 – Kozma Dere River;
• Shaft wells – 30;
• Tube wells – 6;
• Drainages – 8;
Arda River is the main surface water source for the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali.
Water gathers in Borovitsa Dam and after treatment at Enchets DWTP it is used for
the water supply of the town of Kardzhali and the northern part of the town of
Momchilgrad.
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Groundwater is karst, fissure and pore in alluvial river terraces. It is used for the water
supply of the remaining settlements. The quality of the groundwater is compliant with
Ordinance №9/16.03.2001, which transposes the EU Directive on the quality of water,
intended for drinking water purposes (98/83/ЕС). The sanitary protection zones are
established in compliance with Ordinance №3/16.10.2000 and are currently in good
condition. Water meters are not installed at each water abstraction facility.
At present the available capacity of the groundwater sources is sufficient to meet the
domestic-drinking and other needs of all serviced settlements. There have been no
interruptions in water supply for the last 5 years.
All water sources, which are in exploitation have or used to have water abstraction
permits. Some of the permits should be renovated.
Possible water supply
capacity in 2011
Abstracted water
quantities in 2011
Supplied water quantities
in 2011
No data 10,091,067 m3 10,091,067 m3
There are 104 water supply systems1 on the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali. Six of
them refer to six settlements with population of more than 2 000 inhabitants.
The external water supply systems are presented in drawings №2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12.
0.2.2.1.2. Kardzhali
The town of Kardzhali, the northern part of the town of Momchilgrad and the
neighbouring villages use surface water – Borovitsa Dam.
Surface water:
Possible water supply
capacity in 2011
Abstracted water quantities
in 2011
Supplied water quantities
in 2011
10,200,100 m3 4,148,265 m3 1,991,789 m3
0.2.2.1.3. Momchilgrad
The southern part of the town of Momchilgrad and the neighbouring villages use
groundwater sources for drinking water supply.
Surface water:
Possible water supply
capacity in 2011
Abstracted water quantities
in 2011
Supplied water quantities
in 2011
No data 911,433 m3 360,443 m3
* Water quantities supplied from surface water and groundwater sources in 2011
amount to 360,433 m3
1 The water supply system is a group of settlements, connected among themselves with
external pipelines, which use the same water sources.
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0.2.2.1.4. Krumovgrad
The town of Krumovgrad and the neighbouring villages use groundwater sources for
drinking water supply.
Possible water supply
capacity in 2011
Abstracted water
quantities in 2011
Supplied water quantities
in 2011
No data 398,600 m3 240,561 m3
0.2.2.1.5. Ardino
The town of Ardino and the neighbouring villages use groundwater sources for
drinking water supply.
Possible water supply
capacity in 2011
Abstracted water quantities
in 2011
Supplied water quantities
in 2011
No data 357,000 m3 140,171 m3
0.2.2.1.6. Dzhebel
The town of Dzhebel and the neighbouring villages use groundwater sources for
drinking water supply.
Possible water supply
capacity in 2011
Abstracted water quantities
in 2011
Supplied water quantities
in 2011
No data 153,450 m3 140,009 m3
0.2.2.1.7. Benkovski
The village of Benkovski and the neighbouring villages use groundwater sources for
drinking water supply.
Possible water supply
capacity in 2011
Abstracted water quantities
in 2011
Supplied water quantities
in 2011
No data 149 000 m3 78 295 m3
0.2.2.1.8. Other settlements
The remaining settlements in Kardzhali District use groundwater sources for drinking
water supply.
Water pollution 0.2.2.2.
The quality of water for drinking-domestic water supply is monitored pursuant to
Ordinance No9/16.03.2001 by Basin Directorate for Water Management in East
Aegean Sea Region in the town of Plovdiv and by the Regional Health Inspectorate in
the town of Kardzhali. As per the monitoring (See Appendix 2-4 and Appendix 3-4)
carried out the water supplied to the consumers has good quality and is entirely
suitable for drinking purposes. There are no registered infections or diseases caused
by drinking water.
The main problems related to water pollution are:
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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• Diffuse pollution from settlements with no sewerage networks and no
treatment facilities;
• Point pollution from some sources, such as untreated domestic wastewater
from the settlements, which have sewerage network but no treatment
facilities. At present on the territory of Kardzhali District there are no
constructed wastewater treatment plants. From the town of Kardzhali and
from the town of Momchilgrad untreated wastewater is also discharged in
Arda River and Varbitsa River respectively, however there are ongoing
projects for the construction of WWTP, which should be finalized by July
2015.
• Some industrial companies are also point sources of water pollution as they
discharge untreated or insufficiently treated wastewater directly in the
receiving body. The main potential polluter is OTsK AD Kardzhali, but its
operational activity is in decline in the last few years.
For more details see Section 3.2.
Current water consumption 0.2.2.3.
Water consumption for ViK OOD – Kardzhali for 2011 is summarized in the following
table. More details are given in Section 3.3.
Table 0-2 Water consumption for 2011
Town
Total Water
Demand
(including
NRW)
Total
Water
Demand
excluding
NRW
Domestic
Water
Demand
Non-
Domestic
water
demand
Specific
Domestic
Consumption
NRW
percentage
m3/year m3/year m3/year m3/year l/c/d %
Kardzhali 4,148,265 1,991,789 1,427,777 564,012 89 52
Momchilgrad 1,138,383 360,443 265,275 95,168 93 68
Krumovgrad 398,600 240,561 182,802 57,759 99 40
Ardino 357,000 140,171 97,957 42 214 77 61
Dzhebel 153,450 140,009 111,111 28,898 98 9
Benkovski 149,000 78,295 78,295 8,409 90 47
Other 3,746,369 2,108,470 1,676,638 241,689 84 44
Total 10,091,067 5,059,738 3,831,446 1,038,149 84 50
Current water supply systems 0.2.2.4.
There are 104 existing water supply systems – 36 pumping and 68 gravity ones. Out
of them 6 include settlements with more than 2 000 inhabitants:
• Kardzhali (total population: 46,290 )
• Momchilgrad (total population: 11,742)
• Krumovgrad (total population: 5070)
• Ardino (total population: 3493)
• Dzhebel (total population: 3,712)
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• Benkovski (total population: 2121)
The remaining 98 smaller water supply systems include population of 69 786 inhabitants.
At the WSSC level, assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity
Water supply
DWTP 1
Water Sources 72
Pumping Station 82
Water Mains 787 km
Reservoir 235
Water Distribution
Pumping Station 72
Reservoir 1
Network 523 km
The sections below describe the current water supply systems, taking into account “on-going” projects 2.
0.2.2.4.1. Main water supply system of Kardzhali
The main water supply system of Kardzhali covers the water supply of the town of Kardzhali, the northern part of the town of Momchilgrad and 33 neighbouring villages. For the purposes of the report the Consultant has placed a border between the systems of the town of Kardzhali and the town of Momchilgrad through the distribution shaft at pressure reservoir 2500 m3 “High Zone” – town of Kardzhali. Thus we accept that the system of the town of Kardzhali is up to the distribution shaft. The system of Kardzhali includes total population of 46 290 inhabitants.
There is a good sectorization of the water supply system.
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Water Supply
DWTP 1 DWTP Enchets for treating surface water gathered in
Borovitsa Dam. Capacity 420 l/s. In operation since 1990
Water sources 1 Borovitsa Dam
Treatment Technological scheme for treatment of DWTP Enchets – in
Section 3.4.2.1.3.
Pumping station 3 Baikal, Borovitsa, Prileptsi
Water mains 38.1 km Asbestos cement pipes: 1.43 km; steel pipes: 35.5 km;
HDPE: 1.38 km
Reservoirs 6 Total capacity: 17 080 m3
Distribution Network
Network 88.3 km Asbestos cement pipes: 59.2 km; steel pipes: 12.8 km;
HDPE: 16.3 km. Connection rate: 100%.
2 On-going projects are projects that have been already approved and financed.
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The existing water supply network of Kardzhali is presented in drawing № 14.
0.2.2.4.2. Momchilgrad – south
The water supply system of Momchilgrad – south covers the water supply of the
southern part of the town of Momchilgrad and 11 neighbouring villages and includes
total population of 11 742 inhabitants.
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Water Supply
DWTP 0 None
Water sources 6 6 shaft wells at PS Zagorsko
Treatment Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite in PS
Pumping station 1 PS Zagorsko
Water mains 38.1 km Steel pipes: 21.2 km
Reservoirs 2 Total capacity: 3 150 m3 – 1 pressure reservoir
and 1 suction reservoir
Distribution Network
Network 22.4 km
Asbestos cement pipes: 19,8 km; steel pipes: 0,5
km; HDPE: 2,1 km
Connection rate: 100%.
The existing water supply network of Momchilgrad – south is presented in drawing
№16.
0.2.2.4.3. Krumovgrad
The water supply system of Krumovgrad supplies with water only the town of
Krumovgrad and includes population of 5 070 inhabitants.
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Water Supply
DWTP 0 None
Water sources 2 2 shaft wells
Treatment Disinfection with chlorine gas in sub-system 1
and with sodium hypochlorite in sub-system 2.
Pumping station 3 PS Krumovgrad-1, PS at shaft well Liav Briag,
PS II lift.
Water mains 5.3 km Asbestos cement pipes: 3.46 km; steel pipes:
1.64 km; HDPE: 0,20 km.
Reservoirs 4 Total capacity: 2 150 m3
Distribution Network
Network 22.1 km
Asbestos cement pipes: 14.1 km; steel pipes: 4.0
km; HDPE: 4.0 km.
Connection rate: 100%.
The existing water supply network of Krumovgrad is presented in drawing №18.
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0.2.2.4.4. Ardino
The water supply system of Ardino supplies with water only the town of Ardino and
includes population of 3 494 inhabitants.
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Water Supply
DWTP 0 None
Water sources 5 2 shaft wells at PS Ardino and 3 catchments
Treatment Disinfection with chloride of lime at PS Ardino-2
Pumping station 4 PS Ardino, PS Ardino-old, PS Pravdoliub, PS
Belite brezi
Water mains 14.6 km Asbestos cement pipes: 6.7 km; steel pipes: 7.9
km.
Reservoirs 4 Total capacity: 2 080 m3
Distribution Network
Network 25.9 km
Asbestos cement pipes: 20.4 km; steel pipes: 2.9
km; HDPE: 1.5 km; Others – 1.3 km
Connection rate: 100%.
The existing water supply network of Ardino is presented in drawing №20.
0.2.2.4.5. Dzhebel
The water supply system of Dzhebel covers the water supply of the town of Dzhebel
and 5 neighbouring villages and includes total population of 3 712 inhabitants.
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Water Supply
DWTP 0 None
Water sources 3 3 shaft wells
Treatment Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite in PS
Pumping station 2 PS Dzhebel, PS Ptichar 1
Water mains 9.0 km Asbestos cement pipes: 9.0 km
Reservoirs 4 Total capacity: 1 490 m3
Water Supply
Network 19.4 km
Asbestos cement pipes: 10.7 km; PVC pipes: 0.3
km; HDPE: 8.4 km
Connection rate: 100%.
The existing water supply network of Dzhebel is presented in drawing №22.
0.2.2.4.6. Benkovski
The water supply system of Benkovski supplies with water the village of Benkovski
and includes population of 2 121 inhabitants.
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Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Water Supply
DWTP 0 None
Water sources 1 Shaft wells
Treatment Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite in PS
Pumping station 1 PS Beknovski
Water mains 3.6 km Asbestos cement pipes: 3 km; HDPE: 1.6 km
Reservoirs 3 Total capacity: 300 m3
Water Supply
Network 8 km
Asbestos cement pipes: 6.4 km; steel pipes: 1
km; HDPE: 0.6 km;
Connection rate: 100%.
The existing water supply network of Benkovski is presented in drawing №24.
0.2.2.4.7. Other settlements
There are 104 existing water supply systems – 36 pumping and 68 gravity ones, on
the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali supplying with water a total of 244 settlements,
238 of which with population less than 2000 inhabitants. Due to the landscape
features (mainly mountainous) prevailing are the pumping water supply systems. The
length of the systems supplying the settlements, including their internal distribution
network, is about 513 km, for which we can summarize that 85-90% are made of
highly obsolete asbestos cement and steel pipes.
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Water supply
DWTP 0 None.
Water sources 54
Treatment
Disinfection is not carried out in compliance with
the legal documents and there is no automated
monitoring of the residual chlorine.
Pumping station 101
Water mains 513 km Asbestos cement and steel pipes.
Connection rate: 100%.
0.2.2.4.8. Summary of the main deficiencies
Deficiencies concerning the external water supply systems are as follows:
• The pipeline from Borovitsa Dam to DWTP Enchets is old and with leakages,
with high risk of destruction. Besides it is hard to access and in case of failure
water shortage is possible. Water supply security is low;
• Final disinfection at DWTP Enchets is not good;
• Health and safety rules at DWTP Enchets are not maintained;
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• 5 of the water sources need renewal of the water abstraction permits;
• Water storage capacity for the town of Kardzhali is not sufficient;
• The pipelines from DWTP Enchets to pressure reservoir 13 000 m3 and to
pressure reservoir 2500 m3 are in poor exploitation status;
• The diameters of some parts of the network are not met according to
Ordinance № 2 on the design and construction of water supply systems.
• It is necessary to install new or to replace the existing water meters
(consumption meters) at the exit of each water source.
The transmission mains made of steel and asbestos cement pipes have a big
percentage of failures, should be reconstructed and duly replaced with new modern
materials. The main deficiencies of the water distribution mains are the following:
• More than 80% of the water supply pipes (main and secondary branches and
service connections) in the settlements with more than 2 000 inhabitants are
made of asbestos cement and steel, with galvanized pipes for the service
connections. Technical losses in distribution networks are significant and at
some places they reach 60% of the total water quantity at the entrance of the
distribution network;
• Network facilities are in the same critical condition. Stop valves and fire
hydrants are insufficient in number, and the existing ones are obsolete and in
bad exploitation condition.
Measuring devices are in unsatisfactory condition and there are none at places.
Calibration of water meters should be carried out regularly (every 5 years). A
significant percentage of the installed water meters are more than 10 years old. For
more detailed information on the main deficiencies of the system see Section 3.4.
Current wastewater systems 0.2.2.5.
The six main agglomerations (Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel,
and Benkovski) have a constructed wastewater system. Two of them will be
connected to a WWTP after the ongoing projects are finalized (Kardzhali – date of
completion: July 2015; Momchilgrad – date of completion: June 2015), while the other
four are not connected to a WWTP.
Sludge from the future WWTP on the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali will be disposed
at the regional landfill situated near the town of Kardzhali.
The existing wastewater systems are described and the ongoing projects are also
taken into account. For more detailed information (diameters, exploitation, etc.) see
Section 3.5.
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0.2.2.5.1. Kardzhali
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Wastewater
WWTP
1
Ongoing project.
Capacity: 58,525 P.E. Expected entry into
operation: December 2014
Includes nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
Pumping station 0 None.
Sewerage 87.04 km;
17.71 km -
extension in
the ongoing
project
Combined system - 18 main collectors.
Wastewater is discharged in Arda River.
Connection rate: 97%.
After the realization of the ongoing project:
extension – 17.71 km and reconstruction – 5.53
km
Lead and Zinc Complex AD has a local WWTP, which functions since 1995. Treated
wastewater correspond to the indicators of category III for surface water, as is the
receiving body – Studen Kladenets Dam.
The existing sewerage network of Kardzhali is presented in drawing №27.
0.2.2.5.2. Momchilgrad
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Wastewater
WWTP
1
Ongoing project.
Capacity: 11 268 P.E. Expected entry into
operation: December 2014
Includes nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
Pumping station 0 None
Sewerage
18.74 km;
6.32 km –
extension in
the ongoing
project
Combined system.
Wastewater is discharged in several creeks
(tributaries to Varbitsa River) and in Varbitsa
River.
Connection rate: 95%.
After the realization of the ongoing project:
extension - 6.32 km and reconstruction - 8.47 km
The existing sewerage network of Momchilgrad is presented in drawing №29.
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0.2.2.5.3. Krumovgrad
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Wastewater
WWTP 0 No WWTP. There is a designated site.
Pumping station 0 None
Sewerage
17.71 km
Combined system.
Wastewater is discharged in Krumovitsa River.
Connection rate: 96%.
The existing sewerage network of Krumovgrad is presented in drawing №31.
0.2.2.5.4. Ardino
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Wastewater
WWTP 0 No WWTP. There is a designated site.
Pumping station 0 None
Sewerage
14.95 km
Combined system.
Wastewater is discharged in Ardinska River.
Connection rate: 59%.
The existing sewerage network of Ardino is presented in drawing №33.
0.2.2.5.5. Dzhebel
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Wastewater
WWTP 0 No WWTP. There is a designated site.
Pumping station 0 None
Sewerage
16.77 km
Combined system.
Wastewater is discharged in Dzhebelska River.
Connection rate: 87%.
The existing sewerage network of Dzhebel is presented in drawing №35.
0.2.2.5.6. Benkovski
Assets can be summarized as follows:
Asset Quantity Notes
Wastewater
WWTP 0 No WWTP. There is a designated site.
Pumping station 0 None
Sewerage
5.07 km
Combined system.
Wastewater is discharged in Varbitsa River.
Connection rate: 45%.
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The existing sewerage network of Dzhebel is presented in drawing №37.
0.2.2.5.7. Other settlements
Based on the available information presented by the WSS Operator and the
Municipalities a conclusion can be drawn for the existing sewerage for the remaining
settlements, and more details can be found in Section 3.5.7.
In the smaller settlements with existing wastewater system, the sewerage system is
separate. There is a constructed domestic sewerage system and wastewater is
discharged without treatment in rivers and creeks. Connection rate to the sewerage
system is between 7% to 100%, and the total number of connected population
amounts to about 6530 inhabitants. There are no wastewater pumping stations and
operational wastewater treatment plants.
0.2.2.5.8. Summary of the main deficiencies
The main deficiencies of the wastewater systems are as follows:
• currently all settlements with population more than 2 000 P.E. have
wastewater network. However, it is not fully constructed in any of the
agglomerations – the connection rate varies between 45% and 97%. After
implementing the ongoing projects in the towns of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad,
98% and 100% connection rate, respectively will be achieved.
• In the region of ViK OOD – Kardzhali there are no constructed WWTP.
Domestic and non-domestic wastewater is discharged without treatment and
pollutes soil and groundwater. There is a significant risk for the health of the
population. After realizing the ongoing projects the agglomerations of
Kardzhali and Momchilgrad will have modern WWTP.
• A significant part of the current sewerage network is in poor condition – mainly
due to expired exploitation life, insufficient hydraulic conductivity, small or
reverse slopes, construction of bad quality, compromised and blocked areas.
Infiltration reaches 60%-65% in some zones.
• In some agglomerations between 48% - 100% of the combined sewerage
network is with a small diameter – from 150 to 300 mm, i.e. insufficient
capacity to take storm water, which causes risk of flooding.
On-going and pending projects 0.2.2.6.
Several equipment or infrastructure improvement projects have been conducted lately
by different organizations out of the framework of the present Master Plan. Once
identified, these projects are considered in different ways:
• Completed projects to date are included in the existing situation.
• On-going projects (projects that were approved and financed but not
completed to date) are also included in the existing situation. In fact,
corresponding assets are considered as existing, investment costs are not
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included within the Master Plan but future operation and maintenance costs
are included for the macro-affordability assessment.
• Projects not approved to date, but the purpose of which are in line with the
Master Plan objectives, are included in the Master Plan. Corresponding
design, investment costs and timeframes are newly assessed according to the
Consultant’s methodology (Section 4.1.).
• Other projects, which are not in line with the objectives and criteria of the
Master Plan, are either not included or substantially altered.
For the Master Plan of the designated territory of Water Supply and Sewerage OOD –
Kardzhali all non-completed projects were either considered as on-going (and thus
their costs were not included in the Investment Programme) or considered appropriate
and included in the Master Plan. The designs were considered as prepared in
accordance with the legal basis and accepted by the Consultant.
0.3. PROJECTIONS
This section relates to Chapter 5 of the main Report.
The technical options defined to adapt water and wastewater systems to the oncoming
needs of the population are established according to the expected population
evolution and its impact on water demand and wastewater generation.
POPULATION EVOLUTION 0.3.1.
Urban population is about 47% of the total population on the designated territory,
focused in 5 main towns: towns of Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino, and
Dzhebel, while rural population is about 53%. The main tendencies in the
demographic processes are similar to the national ones.
Table 0-3 Population evolution in the designated territory for the period 2011-2038
Settlement Population
2011
Population
2016
Population
2021
Population
2028
Population
2038
Kardzhali 43,880 42,957 42,065 40,763 38,631
Momchilgrad 7,831 7,769 7,708 7,617 7,465
Krumovgrad 5,070 4,982 4,896 4,770 4,563
Ardino 3,493 3,378 3,268 3,110 2,857
Dzhebel 3,093 3,244 3,399 3,546 3,673
Benkovski 2,121 2,170 2,173 2,183 2,221
Other 69,786 65,549 65,431 62,599 58,736
Total ViK 135,274 130,049 128,940 124,588 118,146
Population which is
not served by WSS
operator
17,534 16,976 16,442 15,728 14,758
Total population for
the district 152,808 149,041 145,382 140,316 132,904
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Data from the last census show that the population covered by ViK OOD – Kardzhali
amount to 135 274 inhabitants or 88,5% of the population of the 7 serviced
municipalities. In the last 10 years the decrease rate is lower than the average for the
country. The decrease between the two censuses is approximately 4,96 % or 6 865
people.
For the entire period between 2001 and 2011, the natural population growth rate
continued to be negative, with values below the national average. Statistical data
indicates that the decline in the population served is also a result of the negative
migration growth.
In the period between 2001 and 2011, the demographic development in the
designated territory has followed the national trend towards aging of the population. In
contrast to the country, the aging processes are not so strongly expressed due to the
higher birth rate. The main factors which can have a significant influence in the future
and accelerate the processes are related to reduction of the fertile contingent
compared to higher average age of the mothers at birth, the increasing average life
expectancy and the negative migration flows.
From economic perspective the instantaneous profile of the age structure,
characterized by accumulation of productive population, gives opportunity to use the
so called “demographic dividend”, since the people in working age are about 70% of
the entire population of the designated territory.
The registered trends in the demographic processes in the region will largely
determine the future development of the population determined on the other hand by
the momentum of the demographic processes – the population of the designated
territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali will continue to decline in the short and medium term,
at a rate lower than the average national one.
WATER DEMAND 0.3.2.
Water demand has been assessed from population evolution with the main hypothesis
that for domestic consumption, individual consumption will go toward a standard value
of 120 l/c/d.
The table below shows the water demand including the physical and commercial
losses, reflecting the pressure on resource. For 2011, the overall performances of
networks are listed below (source: ViK OOD – Kardzhali).
• Town of Kardzhali: 52 %
• Town of Momchilgrad: 68 %
• Town of Krumovgrad: 40 %
• Town of Ardino: 61 %
• Town of Dzhebel: 9 %
• Village of Benkovski: 47 %
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• Total for the WSS Operator: 50 %3
The performance (efficiency) objectives for the year 2038 are 80% for new networks
and 75% for already constructed networks.
Table 0-4 Water demand projections including the physical and commercial losses (Annual volumes in
m3).
Settlement Water
demand 2011
Water
demand 2016
Water
demand 2021
Water
demand 2028
Water
demand 2038
Town of Kardzhali 4,148,265 3,822,117 3,592,572 3,807,594 4,087,549
Town of Momchilgrad 1,138,383 796,352 639,711 677,723 728,564
Town of Krumovgrad 398,600 402,033 411,180 425,562 444,068
Town of Ardino 357,000 292,855 257,346 275,997 297,806
Town of Dzhebel 153,450 176,506 202,480 239,889 308,386
Village of Benkovski 149,000 147,090 142,749 149,599 158,546
Other 3,746,369 3,296,085 3,288,471 3,693,576 4,229,951
Total 10,091,067 8,769,880 8,378,305 9,083,895 10,019,773
The following table shows the projected water consumption.
Table 0-5 Water consumption projections including domestic and non-domestic consumptions (Annual
volumes in m3)
Settlement
Water
consumption
2011
Water
consumption
2016
Water
consumption
2021
Water
consumption
2028
Water
consumption
2038
Town of Kardzhali 1,991,789 2,159,783 2,335,172 2,608,202 3,065,662
Town of Momchilgrad 360,443 384,888 415,812 464,240 546,423
Town of Krumovgrad 240,561 251,977 267,267 291,510 333,051
Town of Ardino 140,171 152,671 167,275 189,058 223,355
Town of Dzhebel 140,009 155,737 172,565 195,862 231,290
Village of Benkovski 78,295 86,450 92,787 102,476 118,910
Other 2,108,470 2,171,900 2,376,127 2,718,731 3,187,738
Total 5,059,738 5,277,087 5,725,472 6,442,637 7,530,104
For more details, see section 5.2.
WASTEWATER GENERATION 0.3.3.
Sewerage flows are estimated from the water consumption, the sewerage coverage
rate and the infiltration.
The table below does not include infiltration.
3 The NRW percentage for the whole WSSC is the ratio between the overall NRW volume
(sum for the whole WSSC) and the overall water demand including NRW (sum for the whole
WSSC).
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For 2011, the levels of infiltration of the networks are listed below (source: ViK OOD –
Kardzhali).
• Town of Kardzhali: 62 %
• Town of Momchilgrad: 57 %
• Town of Krumovgrad: 53 %
• Town of Ardino: 55 %
• Town of Dzhebel: 45 %
• Village of Benkovski: 30 %
• Total for the WSS Operator: 58 %4
The performance objectives for the year 2038 include infiltration levels of 15% for new
networks and 20% for the old networks.
Table 0-6 Wastewater flow projections (Annual volumes in m3)
Agglomeration Waste
Water 2011
Waste
Water 2016
Waste
Water 2021
Waste
Water 2028
Waste
Water 2038
Kardzhali 1,738,832 1,904,928 2,101,654 2,347,382 2,759,096
Momchilgrad 308,179 346,399 374,231 417,816 491,781
Krumovgrad 207,845 217,708 240,540 262,359 299,746
Ardino 74,431 81,068 127,965 165,047 201,019
Dzhebel 109,627 121,942 139,778 174,513 208,161
Benkovski 31,709 35,012 75,157 92,228 107,019
Other 229,349 251,956 300,211 1,326,224 2,839,979
Total 2,699,972 2,959,013 3,359,536 4,785,569 6,906 ,801
For more details on wastewater flow projections, see section 5.3.
Connection rate for drinking water on the designated territory is 100%. Connection
rate to the sewerage varies from 7% to 97% for the settlements with partially
constructed sewerage. Losses and infiltration levels are very important for the
respective networks and are taken into account. Designing facilities, included in the
measures proposed by the Consultant, will be carried out based on the volume of
wastewater generated as a result of water consumption by the population (not by the
water consumption at the source) and the adequate infiltration level.
At the end of the period – 2038, connection rate to the sewerage will be from 90% to
100% for the settlements with constructed sewerage.
0.4. NATIONAL OBJECTIVES AND REGIONAL TARGETS
This section relates to Chapter 1 of the main Report.
4 The infiltration percentage for the whole WSSC is the ratio between the overall volume of
infiltrated water (sum for the whole WSSC) and the overall wastewater quantity including the
infiltrated water (sum for the whole WSSC).
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As a member of the European Union since 2007, Bulgaria is committed to improve
environmental quality in order to achieve compliance with the EU Acquis
Communautaire as stated in Chapter 22 – Environmental Protection. Bulgaria has
therefore harmonised its legislation in the fields of environment, water and sanitation
with the one of the EU, and compliance with this legislation is part of the national
objectives.
On the basis of the analysis of the current situation, the Operational Programme
Environment 2007-2013 (managed by the Ministry of Water and Environment) sets the
country priority areas for the environmental sector to be implemented and financed by
the EU through the Cohesion Fund and the European Regional Development Fund.
The first priorities are given to:
• Compliance with the Water Framework Directive 200/60/EC and Directive
98/83/EC: 100% of the population should be sufficiently supplied with drinking
water of good quality.
• Compliance with the Urban Wastewater Directive 91/271/EC: every
agglomeration counting over 2,000 PE must treat wastewater in a WWTP, and
the ones counting over 10,000 PE and located in sensitive areas should be
provided with nutrient removal of nitrogen and phosphrus.
During the negotiations under Chapter 22, two transitional periods have been
negotiated with regard to the implementation of UWWD 91/271/EC: until 31 December
2010 for all agglomerations over 10,000 PE and until 31 December 2014 for all
agglomerations between 2,000 and 10,000 PE (total of 273 settlements).
On the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali, the national objectives apply and there is no
specific regional target.
The project objectives and legal basis as well as the relevant European Directives and
the national legislative and regulatory framework in the Republic of Bulgaria are
detailed in Chapter 1, Appendix 1-2 and Appendix 1-3
0.5. OPTION ANALYSIS AND REGIONAL STRATEGY
This section relates to Chapter 4 of the main Report.
WATER SUPPLY 0.5.1.
The actions for the improvement of water supply on the territory of ViK OOD –
Kardzhali are listed below. For more information, see section 4.2.
The investments concerning the external water supply systems at the WSSC level are
presented in drawings № 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13.
The strategy of NRW reduction program to be applied is explained in section 4.2.1. It
is adapted to the specificities of the Bulgarian context and of the territory of ViK OOD
– Kardzhali.
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Kardzhali 0.5.1.1.
Investments concerning the water supply network of Kardzhali are presented in
drawing №15. See section 4.2 for more details.
Short-term investments:
• Modernization of Enchets DWTP for improving disinfection (ozone treatment
and chlorination), as well as achieving compliance with health and safety
standards;
• Reconstruction of external transmission mains – reconstruction of the pipeline
from Borovitsa Dam to Enchets DWTP, from DWTP to pressure reservoir 13
000 m3 and to pressure reservoir 2 500 m3 - 34,4 km;
• Construction of second chamber of the reservoir 2 500 m3, in order to
increase the capacity from 2,500 to 5,000 m3.
• Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service
connections (along the route intended to be provided with sewerage network)
– 1.0 km.
Medium-term investments:
• Rehabilitation of the sanitary-protection zone of Borovitsa Dam;
• Reconstruction of external transmission mains – 2,5 km;
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (main pipelines, forming the main water supply system) – 17.2
km.
Long-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (secondary network) – 55.3 km.
• Rehabilitation of Baykal and Borovitsa pumping stations.
Momchilgrad 0.5.1.2.
Investments concerning the water supply network of Momchilgrad are presented in
drawing №17. See section 4.2 for more details.
Short-term investments:
• Rehabilitation of construction part and equipment at the chlorination premises
of distribution shaft at Zagorsko pumping station – disinfection with sodium
hypochlorite.
Medium-term investments:
• Rehabilitation of water sources – shaft well 1 to shaft well 6 and rehabilitation
of the sanitary-protection zone;
• Reconstruction of external transmission mains – 21,2 km;
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• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (main pipelines, forming the main water supply system) – 7,5 km.
Long-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (secondary network) – 7,2 km;
• Rehabilitation of suction reservoir 150 m3 at Zagorsko PS;
• Rehabilitation of Zagorsko pumping station;
Krumovgrad 0.5.1.3.
Investments concerning the water supply network of Krumovgrad are presented in
drawing №19. See section 4.2 for more details.
Short-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (in the route of the planned construction of sewerage network) -
5,8 km;
• Rehabilitation of construction part and equipment at the chlorination premises
of Krumovgrad 1 PS – disinfection with chlorine gas and chlorination premises
and PS І lift – disinfection with sodium hypochlorite.
Medium-term investments:
• Rehabilitation of the sanitary-protection zone and water sources – shaft well 1
and shaft well 2 at Krumovgrad PS and Lyav bryag PS;
• Reconstruction of external transmission mains - 4,0 km;
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (main pipelines, forming the main water supply system) – 4,7 km.
Long-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (secondary network) – 13,9 km;
• Rehabilitation of Krumovgrad PS, PS at Lyav bryag shaft well and PS at
pressure reservoir 350 m3.
Ardino 0.5.1.4.
Investments concerning the water supply network of Ardino are presented in drawing
№21. See section 4.2 for more details.
Short-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (in the route of the planned construction of sewerage network) –
5,3 km;
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• Rehabilitation of construction part and equipment at Ardino 2 PS, sanitary
shaft at Daladzha area – disinfection with sodium hypochlorite and electrifying
the chlorination facility at sanitary shaft at Daladzha area.
Medium-term investments:
• Rehabilitation of water sources – three springs and two shaft wells at Ardino –
new PS and rehabilitation of sanitary-protection zones;
• Reconstruction of external transmission mains – 14,4 km;
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (main pipelines, forming the main water supply system) – 4,0 km.
Long-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (secondary network) – 5,9 km;
• Rehabilitation of suction reservoir 150 m3 at Ardino – new PS;
• Rehabilitation of Ardino – new pumping station.
Dzhebel 0.5.1.5.
Investments concerning the water supply network of Dzhebel are presented in drawing
№ 23. See section 4.2 for more details.
Short-term investments:
• Reconstruction of external transmission mains – 9,0 km;
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (in the route of the planned construction of sewerage network) –
5,7 km;
• Rehabilitation of construction part and equipment at Dzhebel PS, Ptichar-1 PS
– disinfection with sodium hypochlorite.
Medium-term investments:
• Rehabilitation of the water sources – shaft well 1 and shaft well 2 at Ptichar – I
PS and shaft well – Dzhebel and rehabilitation of sanitary-protection zones;
• Reconstruction of external transmission mains – 1,2 km;
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (main pipelines, forming the main water supply system) – 6,9 km.
Long-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (secondary network) – 8,3 km;
• Rehabilitation of suction reservoir 25 m3 at Ptichar – I PS;
• Rehabilitation of Ptichar – I pumping station.
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Benkovski 0.5.1.6.
Investments concerning the water supply network of Benkovski are presented in
drawing № 25. See section 4.2 for more details.
Short-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (in the route of the planned construction of sewerage network) –
7,5 km;
• Rehabilitation of construction part and equipment at chlorination premises of
Dedets PS – disinfection with sodium hypochlorite.
Medium-term investments:
• Rehabilitation of water sources – shaft well 1 at Benkovski PS and
rehabilitation of sanitary-protection zones;
• Reconstruction of external transmission mains – 2,0 km;
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (main pipelines, forming the main water supply system) – 1,3 km;
• Rehabilitation of Benkovski pumping station.
Long-term investments:
• Rehabilitation and completion of the water supply network and service
connections (secondary network) – 4.7km.
Other Settlements 0.5.1.7.
Study of water supply zones at Water Operator level. These studies will define the
best options for centralised or decentralised water supply.
Short-term investments:
• Rehabilitation of construction part and equipment as well as electrifying the
chlorination facilities at the gravity fed reservoirs /settlements with population
less than 2000 P.E./
• Study of water supply zones of settlements with a population of below 2,000
inhabitants in Kardzhali District.
SEWERAGE 0.5.2.
The main actions for wastewater collection and treatment on the territory of ViK OOD
– Kardzhali are listed below. For more information see Section 4.3.
Non-investment measure: we recommend a sound sludge management programme,
including reuse for terrain recultivation.
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 27
Kardzhali 0.5.2.1.
Investments concerning the sewerage network of Kardzhali are presented in drawing
№ 28.
Short-term Investments:
• Completion of main collectors with a length of 2.53 km and reconstruction of
main collectors with a length of 0.61 km;
•
Medium-term Investments:
• Reconstruction of main collectors with length of 6.47 km;
• Completion of the sewerage network with length of 17.49 km and
reconstruction of 35.33 km.
Long- term Investments:
• Reconstruction of the sewerage network with length of 25.12 km and
completion of the storm sewerage network - 2.69 km.
Momchilgrad 0.5.2.2.
Investments concerning the sewerage network of Momchilgrad are presented in
drawing №30.
Short-term Investments:
• No investments were recommended by the Consultant based on the analysis
of the current situation.
Medium-term Investments:
• Reconstruction of main collectors with length of 0.86 km;
• Completion of the sewerage network with length of 4.13 km.
Long- term Investments:
• Reconstruction of: 0.50 km main collectors, 1.99 km inlet collectors;
• Reconstruction of the sewerage network with length of 1.15 km.
Krumovgrad 0.5.2.3.
The centralized option (connection of the village of Vransko and the village of
Polkovnik Zhelyazovo to WWTP Krumovgrad) is already chosen, since the connected
settlements have constructed inlet collectors to the chosen site of WWTP
Krumovgrad. For more details see Section 4.3.1.5. Investments concerning the
sewerage network of Krumovgrad are presented in drawing №32.
Short-term Investments:
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• Construction of WWTP Krumovgrad (capacity of 7 321 P.E.). agglomeration
Krumovgrad includes the villages of Vransko (879 P.E. in 2038) and Polkovnik
Zhelyazovo (802 P.E. in 2038);
• Construction of sag pipe and inlet collector with length of 0.50 km;
• Completion and reconstruction of main collectors in the town of Krumovgrad
with length of 4.54 km;
• Completion of the sewerage network in the connected settlements: the village
of Vransko – 2.64 km, the village of Polkovnik Zhelyazovo – 1.74 km;
• Completion and reconstruction of the secondary sewerage system in the town
of Krumovgrad with length of 4.21 km.
Medium-term Investments:
• Reconstruction of main collectors in the town of Krumovgrad with length of
1.06 km;
• Reconstruction of the sewerage system in the town of Krumovgrad with length
of 4.66 km.
Long- term Investments:
• Completion (finalizing) the sewerage system in the town of Krumovgrad with
length of 2.11 km;
• Completion (finalizing) the sewerage system in the connected settlements: the
village of Vransko – 0.66 km, the village of Polkovnik Zhelyazovo – 0.70 km;
• Reconstruction of main collectors in the town of Krumovgrad with length of
0.88 km;
• Reconstruction of the sewerage system in the town of Krumovgrad with length
of 5.71 km.
Ardino 0.5.2.4.
Investments concerning the sewerage network of Ardino are presented in drawing
№34.
Short-term Investments:
• Construction of WWTP Ardino (capacity of 3 664 P.E.) No possibility to
connect other settlements in the agglomeration of Ardino.
• Reconstruction of: inlet collector with length of 1.99 km, main collectors with
length of 2.27 km;
• Completion and reconstruction of the secondary sewerage system with length
of 4.45 km.
Medium-term Investments:
• Completion of 1.16 km of main collectors;
• Completion of 2.91 km of secondary sewerage system.
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Long- term Investments:
• Completion of 0.68 km of secondary sewerage system;
• Reconstruction of 2.83 km of secondary sewerage system.
Dzhebel 0.5.2.5.
The centralized option (connection of the villages of Paprat, Tyutyunche, Podvruh, and
Chakaltsi to WWTP Dzhebel) is preferred to the decentralized option (construction of
four local WWTP) due to the lower operation and maintenance costs. For more details
concerning the options analyses see Section 4.3.1.7. Investments concerning the
sewerage network of Dzhebel are presented in drawing № 36.
Short-term Investments:
• Construction of WWTP Dzhebel (capacity of 4 612 P.E.). The agglomeration
of Dzhebel includes the villages of: Paprat (105 P.E. in 2038), Tyutyunche
(69 P.E. in 2038), Podvruh (99 P.E. in 2038), Chakaltsi (87 P.E. in 2038).
• Construction of inlet collector from the town of Dzhebel with length of 1.00 km;
• Construction of 1.75 km main collectors in the town of Dzhebel;
• Reconstruction of main collectors in the town of Dzhebel with length of 3.19
km;
• Construction of inlet collectors from the connected settlements with total
length of 2.99 km;
• Construction of main collectors in the connected settlements with total length
of 3.96 km and secondary sewerage network with total length of 1.89 km;
• Completion of 5.55 km and reconstruction of 4.19 km of the secondary
sewerage system in the town of Dzhebel.
Medium-term Investments:
• Completion of secondary sewerage network in the town of Dzhebel with
length of 5.09 km;
• Reconstruction of secondary sewerage network in the town of Dzhebel with
length of 3.64 km.
Long- term Investments:
• Completion of secondary sewerage network in the town of Dzhebel with
length of 0.71 km;
• Reconstruction of main collectors in the town of Dzhebel with length of 0.75
km;
• Reconstruction of secondary sewerage network in the town of Dzhebel with
length of 1.25 km;
• Completion of main collectors in the connected settlements with total length of
0.44 km and of secondary sewerage network with total length of 0.21 km.
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Benkovski 0.5.2.6.
Investments concerning the sewerage network of Benkovski are presented in drawing
№38.
Short-term Investments:
• Construction of WWTP Benkovski (capacity of 2 399 P.E.) No possibility to
connect other settlements in the agglomeration of Benkovski;
• Completion of inlet collector with length of 0.18 km;
• Completion of 2.35 km of main collectors;
• Completion of 5.77 km of secondary sewerage network;
• Reconstruction of secondary sewerage network with length of 0.30 km.
Medium-term Investments:
• Completion of secondary sewerage network with length of 1.47 km;
• Reconstruction of secondary sewerage network with length of 0.58 km.
Long- term Investments:
• Reconstruction of: main collectors – 0.75 km and secondary sewerage
network – 0.53 km.
Other Settlements 0.5.2.7.
Sewerage zoning studies at the scale of the WSS Operator. Those studies will define
best options among collective sanitation, small collective sanitation, and autonomous
sanitation, as well as the type of the system (combined, separate, mixture of combined
and separate), treatment facilities for domestic and/or storm wastewater for the
reviewed smaller settlements.
Short-term Investments:
• Sewerage zoning study of the settlements in Kardzhali /district with population
less than 2 000 P.E. (min. 50 P.E.)
Medium-term Investments:
• Application of the conclusions and recommendations of the sewerage zoning
studies.
Long- term Investments:
• Application of the conclusions and recommendations of the sewerage zoning
studies.
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0.6. INVESTMENT PROGRAMME AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
This section relates to Chapter 6 of the main Report.
Required investments have been identified and planned along three periods
corresponding each to an investment programme:
• Short Term (2014-2020)
• Medium Term (2021-2028)
• Long Term (2029-2038)
In the three sections below are presented the synthesis of the costs of the three
investment periods (short, medium and long term). Detailed costs (per water system
for water supply and per agglomeration for sewerage) are presented in Sections 6.2-
6.4. In Sections 6.2.2, 6.3.2 and 6.4.2 and drawings “Short-, medium- and long-term
investment programme” for the respective water supply systems or agglomerations
Synthesized summary tables including prioritization of measures (according to the
Consultant’s methodology for priorities presented in Appendix 4-7) along with the
associated outcomes are presented below.
Besides the investment programme the Consultant recommends that a set of studies
or programme are conducted following the submission of the present Master Plan.
These studies and programmes are not included in the investment programmes and
cannot be quantified at this stage. This set of studies and programmes includes (see
Section 6.2.1):
• Institutional studies (more details are provided in Section 6.1.2)
• Sludge management study (more details are provided in Section 4.3.1.2)
• Non-domestic wastewater management programme (more details are
provided in Section 4.3.2.1)
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SHORT TERM PROGRAMME 0.6.1.
Table 0-7 Overall short-term investments for water supply
Code Operations category Total value
WS_1 Water abstraction - €
WS_2 DWTP 5,315,400 €
WS_3 External water mains 26,680,400 €
WS_4_1 Distribution network 5,532,000 €
WS_4_2 Reservoirs 888,800 €
WS_4_3 Pumping stations - €
WS_5 Others 5,318,600 €
WSS construction cost 43,735,200 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4%
Construction supervision 5%
Project management 3%
Studies and supervision price 5,685,600 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingencies price 4,373,500 €
Total investment expenses 53,794,300 €
Table 0-8 Overall short-term investments for wastewater
Code Operations category Total value
WW_1 WWTP 9,415,700 €
WW_2 Main collectors 13,552,200 €
WW_3_1 Sewerage network 14,804,400 €
WW_3_2 Sewerage pumping station - €
WW_4 Others 3,597,100 €
Sewerage construction cost 41,369,400 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4%
Construction supervision 5%
Project management 3%
Studies and supervision price 5,378,000 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingencies price 4,136,900 €
Total investment expenses 50,884,300 €
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Table 0-9 Prioritized short-term investment programme
Number
in priority
Number of
the
investment
on the
maps
Name of WS Zone
/ Agglomeration Component description Investment Cost
Population
concerned*
1 1 Kardzhali Rehabilitation and renewal of Enchets DWTP 3,700,000 54,317
2 3 Kardzhali Construction of second chamber of reservoir of 2,500 m3 888,800 54,317
3 13.1 Kardzhali District Water supply zoning study for the settlements in Kardzhali District with a population of
below 2,000 inhabitants 5,318,600 87,320
4 2 Kardzhali
„Reconstruction of external water transmission mains – reconstruction of the water
main from Borovitsa dam to Enchets DWTP, from DWTP to PR of 13,000 m3 and to
PR of 2,500 m3 - 34.4 km”
25,232,000 54,317
5 24 Kardzhali District Sewerage zoning study for the settlements in Kardzhali District with a population of
below 2,000 PE (minimum 50 inhabitants) 3,353,500 80,804
6 17 Ardino
WWTP, intercepting collector (reconstruction and extension) with a length of 1.986
km, reconstruction of main collectors with a length of 2.271 k, extension and
reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 0.503 km, connection.
2,496,300 3,173
7 15 Krumovgrad
WWTP, intercepting collector with a length of 0.504 km, sewerage with a length of
4.536 km, construction of inverted siphon, completion of the sewerage network of
connected settlements with a length of 4.378 km, connection.
8,828,900 6,795
8 4 Momchilgrad Rehabilitation of civil works and equipment of chlorination facility of DC, Zagorsko PS
– disinfection with sodium hypochlorite. 38,600 7,831
9 13.2 ViK Kardzhali
Rehabilitation of civil works and equipment, as well as power supply of the
chlorination facilities to the gravity-fed reservoirs supplied (villages below 2,000
inhabitants)
1,342,240 8,117
10 19 Dzhebel
WWTP, intercepting collector with a length of 0.997 km, completion of main collectors
with a length of 1.753 km, reconstruction of main collectors with a length of 3.185 km,
extension of sewerage network with a length of 5.550 km, reconstruction of sewerage
network with a length of 4.185 km, connection.
6,014,000 3,359
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Number
in priority
Number of
the
investment
on the
maps
Name of WS Zone
/ Agglomeration Component description Investment Cost
Population
concerned*
11 22 Benkovski WWTP, intercepting collector with a length of 0.180 km, extension of main collectors
with a length of 2.349 km, connection. 2,826,300 2,048
12 5 Krumovgrad Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (along
the route of the sewerage network intended for construction) – 5.8 km 1,290,300 5,070
13 6 Krumovgrad
Rehabilitation of civil workst and equipment of Chlorination facility of Krumovgrad 1
PS – disinfection with chlorine gas and chlorination facility of Ist uplift PS– disinfection
with sodium hypochlorite
72,160 5,070
14 3.1 Kardzhali Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (along
the route of the sewerage network intended for construction) – 1.0 km 233,700 2,500
15 7 Ardino Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (along
the route of the sewerage network intended for construction) – 5.3 km 1,182,600 3,494
16 8 Ardino
Rehabilitation of civil works and equipment of Ardino 2 PS, CC in Daladzha area –
disinfection with sodium hypochlorite and power supply to the chlorination facility of
CC in Daladzha area
104,560 3,494
17 11 Dzhebel Rehabilitation of civil works and equipment of Dzhebel PS, Ptichar-1 PS – disinfection
with sodium hypochlorite. 38,560 3,093
18 13 Benkovski Rehabilitation of civil works part and equipment of Chlorination facility of Dedets PS –
disinfection with sodium hypochlorite 19,280 2,121
19 10 Dzhebel Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (along
the route of the sewerage network intended for construction) – 5.7 km 1,236,900 3,093
20 9 Dzhebel Reconstruction of external water transmission mains – 9.0 km 1,448,400 3,093
21 12 Benkovski Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections
(along the route of the sewerage network intended for construction)– 7.5 km 1,588,600 2,121
22 16 Krumovgrad Completion and reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 3.950 km,
connection. 2,193,300 5,526
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Number
in priority
Number of
the
investment
on the
maps
Name of WS Zone
/ Agglomeration Component description Investment Cost
Population
concerned*
23 18 Ardino Completion and reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 4.453 km,
connection. 3,301,200 3,173
24 23 Benkovski Completion and reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 6.065 km,
connection. 2,853,800 2,048
25 20 Dzhebel Completion and reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 9.735 km,
connection. 4,694,700 3,359
26 14 Kardzhali Completion and reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 3.138 km,
connection. 1,503,000 3,500
27 21 Dzhebel Intercepting collectors with a length of 2.990 km and sewerage with a length of 5.850
km of connected villages, connection to collectors. 3,304,400 357
* Population as of 2011 according to data of NSI
Category Water Supply Waste water
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MEDIUM TERM PROGRAMME 0.6.2.
Table 0-10 Overall medium-term investments for water supply
Code Operations category Total value
WS_1 Water abstraction 180,000 €
WS_2 DWTP - €
WS_3 Water mains 12,967,400 €
WS_4_1 Distribution network 12,198,000 €
WS_4_2 Reservoirs - €
WS_4_3 Pumping stations 15,000 €
WS_5 Others - €
WSS construction cost 25,360,400 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4%
Construction supervision 5%
Project management 3%
Studies and supervision price 3,296,900 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingencies price 2,536,000 €
Total investment expenses 31,193,300 €
Table 0-11 Overall medium-term investments for Wastewater (€)
Code Operations category Total value
WW_1 WWTP - €
WW_2 Main collectors 8 448 900 €
WW_3_1 Sewerage network 38,009,400 €
WW_3_2 Sewerage pumping station
WW_4 Others 25,529,100 €
Sewerage construction cost 71,987,400 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4%
Construction supervision 5%
Project management 3%
Studies and supervision price 9,358,400 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingencies price 7,198,700 €
Total investment expenses 88,544,500 €
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Table 0-12 Prioritized medium-term investment programme
Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the
maps
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
1 1 Kardzhali Rehabilitation of SPZ of Borovitsa Dam 20,000 54,317
2 20 Kardzhali Reconstruction of main collectors with a length of 6.471 km. 6,738,000 46,423
3 21 Kardzhali Completion of sewerage network with a length of 17.486 km and reconstruction of 35.334
km, connection. 27,377,800 46,423
4 2 Kardzhali Reconstruction of external water transmission mains – 2,5 km 799,200 54,317
5 4 Momchilgrad Rehabilitation of water sources – SW 1 to SW 6 and rehabilitation of SPZ. 60,000 7,831
6 7 Krumovgrad Rehabilitation of water sources – SW 1 and SW 2 at Krumovgrad PS and Lyav Bryag PS. 20,000 5,070
7 10 Ardino Rehabilitation of water sources – three springs and two SWs at Ardino PS – new and
rehabilitation of SPZ. 50,000 3,494
8 13 Dzhebel Rehabilitation of water sources – SW 1 and 2 at Ptichar –I PS and Dzhebel SW and
rehabilitation of SPZ. 20,000 3,093
9 16 Benkovski Rehabilitation of water sources – SW 1 at Benkovski PS and rehabilitation of SPZ. 10,000 2,121
10 3 Kardzhali Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (trunk water
mains, forming the main water supply system)– 17.2 km 6,774,400 43,888
11 29 Kardzhali
District
Implementation of measures for establishment of sewerage zones of settlements in
Kardzhali District with a population of below 2,000 PE (minimum 50 inhabitants). 24,596,700 37,841
12 22 Momchilgrad Reconstruction of main collectors with a length of 0.864 km. 585,500 8,921
13 23 Momchilgrad Reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 4.125 km. 2,370,800 8,921
14 24 Krumovgrad Reconstruction of main collectors with a length of 1.058 km. 788,900 7,064
15 25 Krumovgrad Reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 4.655 km 2,572,400 7,064
16 6 Momchilgrad Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (trunk water
mains, forming the main water supply system) – 7.5 km 1,569,000 7,831
17 27 Dzhebel Reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 3.636 km and completion of
sewerage network with a length of 5.092 km, connection. 4,187,600 4,274
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the
maps
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
18 8 Krumovgrad Reconstruction of external water transmission mains – 4.0 km 1,417,780 5,070
19 9 Krumovgrad Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (trunk water
mains, forming the main water supply system) – 4.7 km 1,062,100 5,070
20 12 Ardino Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (main water
mains, forming the main water supply system) – 4.0 km 871,800 3,494
21 14 Dzhebel Reconstruction of external water transmission mains – 1.2 km 156,000 3,093
22 17 Benkovski Reconstruction of external water transmission mains – 2.0 km 199,980 2,121
23 18 Benkovski Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (trunk water
mains, forming the main water supply system) – 7.5 km 328,970 2,121
24 19 Benkovski Rehabilitation of Benkovski pumping station. 15,000 2,121
25 11 Ardino Reconstruction of external water transmission mains – 14.4 km 2,019,800 3,494
26 15 Dzhebel Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (trunk water
mains, forming the main water supply system) – 6.9 km 1,591,700 3,093
27 5 Momchilgrad Reconstruction of external water transmission mains – 21.2 km 8,374,700 7,831
28 26 Ardino Completion of sewerage network with a length of 4.063 km, connection. 1,825,600 4,453
29 28 Benkovski Completion of sewerage network with a length of 1.468 km and reconstruction of 0.575 km,
connection. 944,100 2,098
* Population as of 2011 according to data of NSI
Category Water Supply Waste water
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LONG TERM PROGRAMME 0.6.3.
Table 0-13 Overall long-term investments for water supply
Code Operations category Total value
WS_1 Water abstraction - €
WS_2 DWTP - €
WS_3 Water mains - €
WS_4_1 Distribution network 20,464,700 €
WS_4_2 Reservoirs 60,000 €
WS_4_3 Pumping stations 105,000 €
WS_5 Others 300,000 €
WSS construction cost 20,929,700 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4%
Construction supervision 5%
Project management 3%
Studies and supervision price 2,720,900 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingencies price 2,093,000 €
Total investment expenses 25,743,600 €
Table 0-14 Overall long-term investments for Wastewater
Code Operations category Total value
WW_1 WWTP - €
WW_2 Main collectors 23,625,500 €
WW_3_1 Sewerage network 28,180,200 €
WW_3_2 Sewerage pumping station - €
WW_4 Others 25,327,300 €
Sewerage construction cost 77,133,000 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4%
Construction supervision 5%
Project management 3%
Studies and supervision price 10,027,300 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingencies price 7,713,300 €
Total investment expenses 94,873,600 €
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Table 0-15 Prioritized long-term investment programme
Number in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the
maps
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
1 15 Kardzhali Reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 25.123 km and completion of 2.690
km, connection. 20,010,100 49,921
2 16 Kardzhali Reconstruction of main collectors with a length of 15.451 km. 20,550,700 49,921
3 2 Kardzhali Rehabilitation of pumping stations of Baykal and Borovitsa. 15,000 43,888
4 17 Momchilgrad Reconstruction of intercepting collector and main collectors with a length of 2.487 km. 1,741,100 9,269
5 18 Momchilgrad Reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 1.149 km. 697,300 9,269
6 19 Krumovgrad Reconstruction of main collectors with a length of 0.876 km. 810,000 7,339
7 22 Dzhebel Reconstruction and completion of sewerage network (including connected settlements) with
a length of 3.366 km, connection. 1,561,600 4,612
8 23 Benkovski Reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 1.284 km. 651,800 2,399
9 24 Kardzhali
District
Implementation of measures for the establishment of sewerage zones of the settlements in
Kardzhali District with a population of below 2,000 PE (minimum 50 inhabitants) 24,597,300 37,842
10 1 Kardzhali Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (secondary
network) – 55.3km. 12,177,723 43,888
11 21 Ardino Reconstruction and completion of sewerage network with a length of 3.514 km, connection. 1,581,600 3,664
12 20 Krumovgrad Reconstruction of sewerage network with a length of 5.710 km and completion (including
connected settlements) of 3.463 km, connection. 4,931,300 7,339
13 3 Momchilgrad Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (secondary
network) – 7.2 km 1,434,100 7,831
14 4 Momchilgrad Rehabilitation of suction tank of V=150 m³ at Zagorsko PS 20,000 7,831
15 5 Momchilgrad Rehabilitation of Zagorsko pumping station 15,000 7,831
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Number in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the
maps
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
16 7 Krumovgrad Rehabilitation of Krumovgrad pumping station, PS at Lyav Bryag SW and PS at PR of
V=350 m³ 45,000 5,070
17 8 Ardino Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (secondary
network)– 5.9 km 1,236,400 3,494
18 9 Ardino Rehabilitation of suction tank of V=150 m³ at Ardino PS - New 20,000 3,494
19 10 Ardino Rehabilitation of Ardino pumping station -New 15,000 3,494
20 12 Dzhebel Rehabilitation of suction tank of V=25 m³ at Ptichar - I PS 20,000 3,093
21 13 Dzhebel Rehabilitation of Ptichar - I pumping station 15,000 3,093
22 6 Krumovgrad Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (secondary
network)– 13.9 km 2,872 800 5,070
23 11 Dzhebel Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (secondary
network)– 8.3 km 1,843 300 3,093
24 14 Benkovski Rehabilitation and completion of water supply network and service connections (secondary
network)– 4.7 km 1,150 300 2,121
* Population as of 2011 according to data of NSI
Category Water Supply Waste water
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 42
0.7. MACRO-AFFORDABILITY
This section relates to Chapter 5.4. of the main Report.
Macro-affordability assessment is required for determining the viability of the proposed
investments in WSS systems and establishing realistic limits of maximum investments.
Macro-affordability depends on a number of variables – type and timing of
investments, forecasted operation and maintenance expenses, established and
expected amortization policies, investments funding sources.
The affordability threshold set by Bulgarian legislation is 4% of the average household
income at minimum water consumption of 2.8 m3 per household member. Other
sources set maximum limits of 2-2.5% of the average household income. Current
calculations concerning the social affordability are made under an affordability
threshold of 4 % of the average income of the first 3 decile groups. Since the price of
the services provided by Water Supply and Sewerage OOD Kardzhali as of 2013 is
higher than this threshold one more scenario under an affordability threshold of 4% of
the income of households of the 3-rd decile has been examined. The expectations for
reducing current prices and levelling them to a threshold of 4% of the average income
of the groups with lowest income would lead to restricted investment options for
maintaining the constructed WSS systems, the quality of the services provided and
loss of the financial stability of the company. Due to these reasons and the current
practice in service price formation, such a step is unrealistic at present. The maximum
affordable tariffs at various affordability limits are shown in the table below:
Table 0-16 Affordability constraints 2016 - 2038
2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
Household size, designated territory 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
Average household income in EUR
(constant 2011 values) 3,147 3,653 4,301 5,404 7,484
Affordable price per m3, EUR (4% of
the average income of the first three
decile groups)
0.71 € 0.82 € 0.97 € 1.22 € 1.68 €
The affordability analysis has been made with assumptions for covering all operating
expenses and partial amortization expenses considering the funding sources.
The results concerning affordability of investments are presented in the table below:
Table 0-17 Net cash flows at an affordability threshold of 4% of the average income of the first three
decile groups, EUR
2016 2021 2028 2038
Financial flow (100% depreciation and
0% co-financing) -2,909,827 -5,472,555 -7,222,845 -3,596,474
Financial flow (30% depreciation and
0% co-financing) -1,242,682 -2,200,699 -2,335,889 1,290,481
Financial flow (0% depreciation of new
assets) -528,191 -798,474 -241,480 3,384,891
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 43
2016 2021 2028 2038
Financial flow (100% depreciation and
10% co-financing) -3,964,705 -7,804,662 -9,786,683 -4,883,083
Financial flow (0% depreciation of new
assets and 10% co-financing) -2,297,560 -4,532,806 -4,899,727 3,873
The investment may be considered affordable if revenues generated at tariffs set to
4% of the average income of the first 3 deciles are sufficient to cover the full O&M
costs and the full and/or partial depreciation of assets.
Calculations of the financial flows show that the possibilities to implement the
investment programme are realistic in a scenario excluding the depreciation of new
assets and with reduction of the investment components in the short-term and
medium-term programme.
45% of the proposed investments of 104,678,600 € for the short-term period in a
scenario excluding depreciation of new assets, 100% grant funding. In a scenario of
partial depreciation of new assets (30%) and using tariffs consistent with the average
income of the three lowest income decile groups, the accumulated shortage cannot be
overcome without reducing the amount of the investment programme. In this scenario,
the potential amount of the investment component is within € 26,169,700 or 25% of
the short-term programme. In case of full depreciation the possible investment
solutions is very limited. It is expected that tariffs will increase by nearly 46.4 %
reaching 0.82 EUR/m3 by 2016.
The proposed investment of 119,737,800 € in medium-term plan is feasible at 75% (€
89, 803,400) without accounting the depreciation of the new assets and at a threshold
of 4% of the average income of the first three decile groups and when reducing the
investments in the short term by approximately 2%. In order to implement the
programme, the tariffs should reach 0.97 EUR/m3. In case of partial depreciation
(30%), the possible volume of implementation is approximately 28% or € 33,526,612.
The affordability of the long-term programme amounting to EUR 120,617,200 depends
on the level of implementation of the previous two programmes. The planned
investments may be made in a scenario of 100% grant funding and without
considering depreciation of new assets in reduction of the short-term and medium-
term programme, as described above. In a scenario of partial (30% ) depreciation the
programme is feasible at 43% (€ 51,865,400). It is expected the implementation of the
long-term programme will make service prices reach 1.22 EUR/m3 in 2028.
The results of the macro-affordability analysis of investment programmes lead to the
conclusion that their full implementation requires to provide options for using higher
tariff levels, formed at a threshold of 4% of the income of the third decile in certain
periods. Thus, depreciation of new assets may be covered without jeopardizing the
financial stability of the Operator.
The expected increase in tariffs will put significant financial pressure on lower income
households and lead to lower collection rates. Appropriate incentive schemes need to
be established for lower income households in order to achieve the outlined objectives
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 44
and meet the quality requirements for services provided in the field of water supply
and sewerage systems.
0.8. PRIORITIZATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS
This section relates to Chapter 6 of the main Report.
Infrastructure investments have been designed to address the deficiencies identified
in the current situation analysis and forecasted needs (see summary tables 0-18 and
0-19 for summarized data on the current situation for water supply and sewerage and
the compliance with EU directives). All infrastructure projects identified in the
investment programmes have been prioritized.
The prioritization consists in calculating an amount of points5 for each investment,
based on the following factors:
• The size (population / population equivalent) of the settlement /
agglomeration;
• The economic efficiency (cost per inhabitants / cost per equivalent inhabitant);
• The current service coverage;
• The investment readiness to date;
• The importance of the investment implementation according to the Water
Framework Directive / Urban Wastewater Directive.
The details of the methodology for prioritization are given in Appendix 4-20.
The implementation of this prioritization results in one list of prioritized investments for
each investment programme period. They can be seen in detail in:
• Table 6-6 for the short-term investment programme
• Table 6-11 for the medium-term investment programme
• Table 6-16 for the long-term investment programme
0.9. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS
This section relates to chapter 8 of the main report.
The Regional Draft Water and Wastewater Master Plan of the designated territory of
ViK OOD - Kardzhali was first submitted to the Contracting Authority- the Ministry of
Regional Development on 18th July, 2013 and for public consultation on 12th
September, 2013.
The Basin Directorate for Water Management in East Aegean Region expressed its
position by letter of 4th October, 2013: It approves and supports the presented
5 Note: the scoring system has been harmonized for the preparation of Master Plan in the
western, central and eastern regions of Bulgaria.
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 45
Regional Water and Wastewater Master Plan (RMP for WSS) of the designated
territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali.
Following a discussion, the District Development Council endorsed the Master Plan on
on 27th September, 2013.
Following a discussion the Water Association of Kardzhali approved the Master plan
on 14th November 2013.
0.10. OVERVIEW OF THE TERRITORY OF VIK OOD - KARDZHALI
The schemes and tables presented below show the general information for all the
settlements in the considered territory with respect to water supply and sanitation.
In particular, issues of water quality, water scarcity and direct discharge of wastewater
into the environment are highlighted
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 46
Water Supply: General Situation VIK OOD Kardzhali
Figure 0-2 General situation for water supply
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 47
Table 0-18 Summary table for Water Supply System
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
00062 Ardino Avramovo Not serviced 3 - - - - - - - - - - -
00607 Ardino Ardino ViK OOD Kardzhali 3,493 38 25.90 97,957 77 42,214 14,0171 357,000 61% 100% Yes Yes
00864 Ardino Ahryansko Not serviced 43 - - - - - - - - - - -
02991 Ardino Bashevo Not serviced 131 - - - - - - - - - - -
04248 Ardino Bistrogled Not serviced 37 - - - - - - - - - - -
07925 Ardino Bogatino Not serviced 110 - - - - - - - - - - -
80176 Ardino Borovitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 249 5 - 0 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
77116 Ardino Brezen ViK OOD Kardzhali 213 46 - 5,289 68 0 5,289 6,400 17% 100% Yes Yes
07747 Ardino Byal izvor ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,646 40 - 28,713 48 15,632 44,345 83,500 47% 100% Yes Yes
18544 Ardino Glavnik Not serviced 93 - - - - - - - - - - -
15607 Ardino Golobrad Not serviced 134 - - - - - - - - - - -
16910 Ardino Gorno prahovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 475 46 - 9,381 54 1,231 10,612 14,000 24% 100% Yes Yes
18321 Ardino Garbishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 163 2 - 180 3 5 185 350 47% 100% Yes Yes
24880 Ardino Dedino Not serviced 57 - - - - - - - - - - -
21806 Ardino Doyrantsi Not serviced 2 - - - - - - - - - - -
22784 Ardino Dolno prahovo Not serviced 124 - - - - - - - - - - -
24788 Ardino Dyadovtsi Not serviced 90 38 - - - - - - - - - -
27543 Ardino Enyovche ViK OOD Kardzhali 155 41 - 1,912 34 4,90 2,402 8,500 72% 100% Yes Yes
29605 Ardino Zhaltusha ViK OOD Kardzhali 982 41 - 12,115 34 6,765 18,880 30,000 37% 100% Yes Yes
32946 Ardino Iskra Not serviced 52 - - - - - - - - - - -
37085 Ardino Kitnitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 88 - - 20 1 0 20 30 33% 100% Yes Yes
39952 Ardino Kroyachevo Not serviced 78 - - - - - - - - - - -
43164 Ardino Latinka Not serviced 9 - - - - - - - - - - -
44896 Ardino Levtsi Not serviced 44 - - - - - - - - - - -
43270 Ardino Lenishte Not serviced 83 - - - - - - - - - - -
44584 Ardino Lyubino Not serviced 24 - - - - - - - - - - -
46156 Ardino Mak Not serviced 1 - - - - - - - - - - -
48756 Ardino Mlechino Not serviced 313 - - - - - - - - - - -
49401 Ardino Musevo Not serviced 49 - - - - - - - - - - -
55124 Ardino Padina ViK OOD Kardzhali 982 42 - 2,972 8 1,747 4,719 6,000 21% 100% Yes Yes
55525 Ardino Paspal Not serviced 27 - - - - - - - - - - -
55912 Ardino Pesnopoy Not serviced 12 - - - - - - - - - - -
58013 Ardino Pravdolyub ViK OOD Kardzhali 178 - - 0 0 10 10 100 90% 100% Yes Yes
54260 Ardino Ribartsi Not serviced 29 - - - - - - - - - - -
62894 Ardino Rodopsko Not serviced 41 - - - - - - - - - - -
63402 Ardino Rusalsko Not serviced 48 - - - - - - - - - - -
65646 Ardino Svetulka Not serviced 168 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 48
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
70771 Ardino Sedlartsi Not serviced 94 41 - - - - - - - - - -
66562 Ardino Sinchets Not serviced 58 - - - - - - - - - - -
68240 Ardino Spoluka Not serviced 22 - - - - - - - - - - -
68597 Ardino Sransko Not serviced 77 - - - - - - - - - - -
69122 Ardino Star Chitak Not serviced 19 - - - - - - - - - - -
69518 Ardino Stoyanovo Not serviced 24 46 - - - - - - - - - -
70319 Ardino Suhovo Not serviced 103 - - - - - - - - - - -
47809 Ardino Temenuga Not serviced 15 - - - - - - - - - - -
73897 Ardino Tarna Not serviced 39 - - - - - - - - - - -
73732 Ardino Tarnoslivka Not serviced 123 - - - - - - - - - - -
77487 Ardino Hromitsa Not serviced 47 - - - - - - - - - - -
81921 Ardino Chervena skala Not serviced 68 - - - - - - - - - - -
80964 Ardino Chernigovo Not serviced 68 - - - - - - - - - - -
81596 Ardino Chubrika Not serviced 189 - - - - - - - - - - -
87059 Ardino Yabalkovets ViK OOD Kardzhali 200 46 - 1,535 21 222 1,757 3,700 53% 100% Yes Yes
00206 Dzhebel Albantsi Not serviced 4 - - - - - - - - - - -
07939 Dzhebel Brezhana Not serviced 12 - - - - - - - - - - -
10389 Dzhebel Velikdenche ViK OOD Kardzhali 102 48 - 3,426 92 102 3,528 4,650 24% 100% Yes Yes
11689 Dzhebel Vodenicharsko Not serviced 114 - - - - - - - - - - -
12468 Dzhebel Valkovich ViK OOD Kardzhali 139 48 - 3,722 73 10,630 14,352 19,400 26% 100% Yes Yes
14647 Dzhebel General Geshevo Not serviced 218 - - - - - - - - - - -
20746 Dzhebel Dzhebel ViK OOD Kardzhali 3,093 47 19.40 111,111 98 28,898 140,009 153,450 9% 100% Yes Yes
21525 Dzhebel Dobrintsi Not serviced 133 - - - - - - - - - - -
24195 Dzhebel Dushinkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 104 48 - 3,767 99 1,075 4,842 5,300 9% 100% Yes Yes
29180 Dzhebel Zheladovo Not serviced 92 - - - - - - - - - - -
29564 Dzhebel Zhalti rid Not serviced 10 - - - - - - - - - - -
29619 Dzhebel Zhaltika Not serviced 43 - - - - - - - - - - -
32634 Dzhebel Iliysko ViK OOD Kardzhali 141 48 - 3,679 71 87 3,766 4,600 18% 100% Yes Yes
35184 Dzhebel Kazatsite Not serviced 46 - - - - - - - - - - -
35972 Dzhebel Kamenyane Not serviced 2 - - - - - - - - - - -
37736 Dzhebel Kozitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 143 48 - 3,609 69 0 3,609 4,000 10% 100% Yes Yes
38371 Dzhebel Kontil Not serviced 27 - - - - - - - - - - -
40676 Dzhebel Kuptsite Not serviced 37 - - - - - - - - - - -
43178 Dzhebel Lebed ViK OOD Kardzhali 35 49 - 2 0 38 40 90 56% 100% Yes Yes
48622 Dzhebel Mishevsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 323 50 - 8,818 75 378 9,196 9,400 2% 100% Yes Yes
68151 Dzhebel Modren Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
49268 Dzhebel Mrezhichko ViK OOD Kardzhali 105 48 - 3,156 82 0 3,156 3,900 19% 100% Yes Yes
53271 Dzhebel Ovchevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 53 48 - 1,024 53 15 1,039 1,900 45% 100% Yes Yes
55436 Dzhebel Paprat ViK OOD Kardzhali 143 47 - 3,296 63 0 3,296 3,800 13% 100% Yes Yes
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 49
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
56589 Dzhebel Plazishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 173 48 - 4,298 68 206 4,504 6,000 25% 100% Yes Yes
56976 Dzhebel Podvrah ViK OOD Kardzhali 104 48 - 3,095 82 0 3,095 4,500 31% 100% Yes Yes
57412 Dzhebel Polyanets ViK OOD Kardzhali 126 48 - 5,222 114 0 5,222 5,450 4% 100% Yes Yes
57947 Dzhebel Potoche Not serviced 15 - - - - - - - - - - -
58387 Dzhebel Pripek ViK OOD Kardzhali 907 49 - 17,044 51 1,494 18,538 19,920 7% 100% Yes Yes
62654 Dzhebel Ridino ViK OOD Kardzhali 317 48 - 6,346 55 138 6,484 8,530 24% 100% Yes Yes
62801 Dzhebel Rogozari ViK OOD Kardzhali 76 48 - 2,488 90 20 2,508 4,150 40% 100% Yes Yes
62846 Dzhebel Rogozche ViK OOD Kardzhali 103 48 - 4,387 117 267 4,654 4,800 3% 100% Yes Yes
63714 Dzhebel Rozhdensko Not serviced 13 - - - - - - - - - - -
63611 Dzhebel Rat Not serviced 21 - - - - - - - - - - -
70809 Dzhebel Sipets Not serviced 69 - - - - - - - - - - -
66723 Dzhebel Skalina ViK OOD Kardzhali 56 48 - 2,366 116 0 2,366 2,550 7% 100% Yes Yes
67502 Dzhebel Slanchogled ViK OOD Kardzhali 211 48 - 4,953 64 335 5,288 7,800 32% 100% Yes Yes
68120 Dzhebel Sofiytsi Not serviced 110 - - - - - - - - - - -
72211 Dzhebel Telcharka Not serviced 84 - - - - - - - - - - -
73715 Dzhebel Tarnovtsi Not serviced 50 - - - - - - - - - - -
73804 Dzhebel Tyutyunche ViK OOD Kardzhali 103 47 - 2,710 72 0 2,710 3,090 12% 100% Yes Yes
75201 Dzhebel Ustren ViK OOD Kardzhali 230 51 - 2,707 32 116 2,823 3,320 15% 100% Yes Yes
78313 Dzhebel Tsvyatovo Not serviced 3 - - - - - - - - - - -
78642 Dzhebel Tsarkvitsa Not serviced 60 - - - - - - - - - - -
80128 Dzhebel Chakaltsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 63 48 - 1,550 67 0 1,550 2,500 38% 100% Yes Yes
81935 Dzhebel Chereshka Not serviced 19 - - - - - - - - - - -
84019 Dzhebel Shterna Not serviced 44 - - - - - - - - - - -
87388 Dzhebel Yamino Not serviced 91 - - - - - - - - - - -
00905 Kirkovo Apriltsi Not serviced 113 - - - - - - - - - - -
03825 Kirkovo Benkovski ViK OOD Kardzhali 2,121 55 8.00 69,886 90 8,409 78,295 149,000 47% 100% Yes Yes
07942 Kirkovo Bregovo Not serviced 82 - - - - - - - - - - -
07483 Kirkovo Barzeya Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
13055 Kirkovo Valchanka Not serviced 155 - - - - - - - - - - -
00120 Kirkovo Varben ViK OOD Kardzhali 500 53 - 17,960 98 43 18,003 36,000 50% 100% Yes Yes
12886 Kirkovo Varli dol Not serviced 5 - - - - - - - - - - -
18558 Kirkovo Gorno Kirkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 521 6 - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
16821 Kirkovo Gorno Kapinovo Not serviced 294 - - - - - - - - - - -
17138 Kirkovo Gorski izvor ViK OOD Kardzhali 670 45 - 1,903 8 0 1,903 2,500 24% 100% Yes Yes
17871 Kirkovo Grivyak Kirkovo Municipality 140 - - - - - - - - - - -
20496 Kirkovo Dedets ViK OOD Kardzhali 55 55 - 1,526 76 0 1,526 12,000 87% 100% Yes Yes
20554 Kirkovo Delvino Kirkovo Municipality 185 - - - - - - - - - - -
20777 Kirkovo Dzherovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 335 58 - 14,720 120 119 14,839 15,000 1% 100% Yes Yes
21631 Kirkovo Dobromirtsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 359 55 - 10,401 79 1,273 11,674 39,000 70% 100% Yes Yes
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
22678 Kirkovo Dolno kapinovo Not serviced 326 - - - - - - - - - - -
22928 Kirkovo Domishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 401 54 - 14,910 102 128 15,038 26,500 43% 100% Yes Yes
23577 Kirkovo Draganovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,104 56 - 14,796 37 959 15,755 34,700 55% 100% Yes Yes
23803 Kirkovo Druzhintsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 332 58 - 12,293 101 21 12,314 13,000 5% 100% Yes Yes
23892 Kirkovo Dryanova glava ViK OOD Kardzhali 58 55 - 2,179 103 0 2,179 12,517 83% 100% Yes Yes
24743 Kirkovo Dyulitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 273 53 - 5,177 52 45 5,222 16,000 67% 100% Yes Yes
27591 Kirkovo Erovete ViK OOD Kardzhali 101 55 - 3,629 98 0 3,629 8,000 55% 100% Yes Yes
30106 Kirkovo Zavoya ViK OOD Kardzhali 351 54 - 9,448 74 342 9,790 20,500 52% 100% Yes Yes
30140 Kirkovo Zagorski ViK OOD Kardzhali 43 55 - 1,813 116 0 1,813 4,500 60% 100% Yes Yes
30675 Kirkovo Zdravchets ViK OOD Kardzhali 156 55 - 1,393 24 0 1,393 11,000 87% 100% Yes Yes
36748 Kirkovo Kayaloba ViK OOD Kardzhali 210 45 - 3,165 41 379 3,544 14,500 76% 100% Yes Yes
36926 Kirkovo Kirkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 724 54 - 46,835 177 32,815 79,650 154,032 48% 100% Yes Yes
37071 Kirkovo Kitna ViK OOD Kardzhali 214 45 - 8,015 103 540 8,555 28,000 69% 100% Yes Yes
37767 Kirkovo Kozlevo Not serviced 38 - - - - - - - - - - -
39013 Kirkovo Kosturino Not serviced 19 - - - - - - - - - - -
39445 Kirkovo Kran Not serviced 268 - - - - - - - - - - -
41174 Kirkovo Kremen Not serviced 102 - - - - - - - - - - -
39877 Kirkovo Krilatitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 173 54 - 7,151 113 188 7,339 8,000 8% 100% Yes Yes
40511 Kirkovo Kukuryak Kirkovo Municipality 214 - - - - - - - - - - -
40988 Kirkovo Karchovsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 178 53 - 6,410 99 215 6,625 35,000 81% 100% Yes Yes
44080 Kirkovo Lozengradtsi Not serviced 224 - - - - - - - - - - -
46680 Kirkovo Malkoch ViK OOD Kardzhali 299 58 - 2,190 20 20 2,210 3,000 26% 100% Yes Yes
47531 Kirkovo Medevtsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 47 55 - 2,741 160 2,525 5,266 6,500 19% 100% Yes Yes
47888 Kirkovo Metlichina ViK OOD Kardzhali 162 53 - 3,306 56 0 3,306 12,000 72% 100% Yes Yes
47891 Kirkovo Metlichka Not served 30 - - - - - - - - - - -
48845 Kirkovo Mogilyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 275 45 - 9,311 93 0 9,311 28,000 67% 100% Yes Yes
49480 Kirkovo Maglene ViK OOD Kardzhali 59 55 - 2,706 126 20 2,726 14,000 81% 100% Yes Yes
51086 Kirkovo Nane Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
53878 Kirkovo Orlitsa Not serviced 212 - - - - - - - - - - -
54393 Kirkovo Ostrovets ViK OOD Kardzhali 342 52 - 1,547 12 91 1,638 3,352 51% 100% Yes Yes
56808 Kirkovo Plovka Krumovgrad Municipality 83 - - - - - - - - - - -
57039 Kirkovo Podkova ViK OOD Kardzhali 357 52 - 13,969 107 4,290 18,259 39,500 54% 100% Yes Yes
58178 Kirkovo Preseka Not serviced 335 - - - - - - - - - - -
59054 Kirkovo Parventsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 24 55 - 559 64 0 559 4,500 88% 100% Yes Yes
59063 Kirkovo Parvitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 353 53 - 12,766 99 75 12,841 38,000 66% 100% Yes Yes
62236 Kirkovo Rastnik ViK OOD Kardzhali 114 55 - 5,051 121 0 5,051 24,000 79% 100% Yes Yes
65214 Kirkovo Samodiva ViK OOD Kardzhali 284 53 - 12,575 121 315 12,890 35,000 63% 100% Yes Yes
65228 Kirkovo Samokitka Not serviced 90 - - - - - - - - - - -
35016 Kirkovo Svetlen Not serviced 23 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 51
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
66024 Kirkovo Sekirka ViK OOD Kardzhali 31 58 - 0 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
68577 Kirkovo Sredsko Kirkovo Municipality 128 - - - - - - - - - - -
68895 Kirkovo Stareyshino ViK OOD Kardzhali 86 52 - 3,700 118 0 3,700 10,500 65% 100% Yes Yes
68953 Kirkovo Starovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 312 58 - 3,840 34 654 4,494 5,500 18% 100% Yes Yes
69482 Kirkovo Stomantsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 229 57 - 6,681 80 0 6,681 26,000 74% 100% Yes Yes
69866 Kirkovo Strizhba Not serviced 152 - - - - - - - - - - -
72463 Kirkovo Tihomir ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,335 58 - 25,945 53 964 26,909 26,909 0% 100% Yes Yes
76159 Kirkovo Fotinovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 850 53 - 32,766 106 4,425 37,191 88,024 58% 100% Yes Yes
77092 Kirkovo Hadzhiysko Not serviced 304 - - - - - - - - - - -
78183 Kirkovo Tsarino Not serviced 1 - - - - - - - - - - -
80065 Kirkovo Chavka Not serviced 20 - - - - - - - - - - -
80090 Kirkovo Chakalarovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,355 9 - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
81493 Kirkovo Chichevo Not serviced 42 - - - - - - - - - - -
81565 Kirkovo Chorbadzhiysko ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,964 52 - 62,675 87 12,133 74,808 198,500 62% 100% Yes Yes
83226 Kirkovo Shipok Not serviced 9 - - - - - - - - - - -
83449 Kirkovo Shoptsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 391 52 - 14,996 105 485 15,481 42,500 64% 100% Yes Yes
83538 Kirkovo Shumnatitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 474 58 - 8,866 51 505 9,371 9,500 1% 100% Yes Yes
87309 Kirkovo Yakovitsa Not serviced 67 - - - - - - - - - - -
87415 Kirkovo Yanino ViK OOD Kardzhali 33 55 - 1,517 126 0 1,517 1,517 0% 100% Yes Yes
00093 Krumovgrad Avren ViK OOD Kardzhali 385 61 - 13,966 99 1,820 15,786 18,400 14% 100% Yes Yes
02141 Krumovgrad Bagriltsi Not serviced 87 - - - - - - - - - - -
02751 Krumovgrad Baratsi Not serviced 199 - - - - - - - - - - -
04306 Krumovgrad Blagun Not serviced 37 - - - - - - - - - - -
05181 Krumovgrad Boynik Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
06728 Krumovgrad Bryagovets ViK OOD Kardzhali 143 65 - 3,846 74 0 3,846 4,200 8% 100% Yes Yes
06906 Krumovgrad Buk ViK OOD Kardzhali 279 75 - 1,389 14 0 1,389 1,400 1% 100% Yes Yes
12190 Krumovgrad Vransko ViK OOD Kardzhali 683 59 - 20,089 81 618 20,707 26,600 22% 100% Yes Yes
15727 Krumovgrad Golyam devisal ViK OOD Kardzhali 148 62 - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
15713 Krumovgrad Golyama chinka ViK OOD Kardzhali 213 68 - 4,169 54 0 4,169 5,800 28% 100% Yes Yes
15878 Krumovgrad Golyamno Kamenyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 190 63 - 8,028 116 98 8,126 10,700 24% 100% Yes Yes
16287 Krumovgrad Gorna kula ViK OOD Kardzhali 327 66 - 15,294 128 590 15,884 17,100 7% 100% Yes Yes
16660 Krumovgrad Gorni Yurutsi Not serviced 77 - - - - - - - - - - -
17868 Krumovgrad Grivka Not serviced 77 - - - - - - - - - - -
18071 Krumovgrad Guliyka ViK OOD Kardzhali 126 60 - 5,955 129 740 6,695 7,400 10% 100% Yes Yes
18085 Krumovgrad Guliya ViK OOD Kardzhali 65 63 - 1,962 83 0 1,962 2,200 11% 100% Yes Yes
20393 Krumovgrad Devesilitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 81 62 - 4,268 144 0 4,268 5,600 24% 100% Yes Yes
20403 Krumovgrad Devesilovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 267 62 - 4,448 47 109 4,557 6,100 24% 100% Yes Yes
20732 Krumovgrad Dzhanka Not serviced 111 - - - - - - - - - - -
21302 Krumovgrad Doborsko Not serviced 39 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 52
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
22157 Krumovgrad Dolna kula Not serviced 131 - - - - - - - - - - -
22544 Krumovgrad Dolni Yurutsi Not serviced 29 - - - - - - - - - - -
24459 Krumovgrad Dazhdovnik ViK OOD Kardzhali 61 60 - 1,857 83 0 1,857 1,900 2% 100% Yes Yes
27036 Krumovgrad Egrek ViK OOD Kardzhali 615 75 - 12,697 57 959 13,656 13,656 0% 100% Yes Yes
27680 Krumovgrad Edrino ViK OOD Kardzhali 278 59 - 322 3 222 544 700 22% 100% Yes Yes
30538 Krumovgrad Zvanarka ViK OOD Kardzhali 589 74 - 18,207 85 431 18,638 19,300 3% 100% Yes Yes
30911 Krumovgrad Zimornitsa Not serviced 27 - - - - - - - - - - -
31142 Krumovgrad Zlatolist ViK OOD Kardzhali 92 67 - 3,982 119 0 3,982 4,900 19% 100% Yes Yes
35269 Krumovgrad Kalaydzhievo Not serviced 8 - - - - - - - - - - -
35849 Krumovgrad Kamenka ViK OOD Kardzhali 50 59 - 30,276 1659 2,277 32,553 43,200 25% 100% Yes Yes
36021 Krumovgrad Kandilka ViK OOD Kardzhali 165 68 - 5,818 97 53 5,871 8,200 28% 100% Yes Yes
36717 Krumovgrad Kachulka Not serviced 30 - - - - - - - - - - -
37558 Krumovgrad Kovil Not serviced 54 - - - - - - - - - - -
37622 Krumovgrad Kozhuhartsi Not serviced 4 - - - - - - - - - - -
39058 Krumovgrad Kotlari Not serviced 70 - - - - - - - - - - -
39565 Krumovgrad Krasino ViK OOD Kardzhali 67 75 - 1,623 66 120 1,743 1,800 3% 100% Yes Yes
39970 Krumovgrad Krumovgrad ViK OOD Kardzhali 5,070 59 17.10 182,802 99 57,759 240,561 398,600 40% 100% Yes Yes
40823 Krumovgrad Kaklitsa Not serviced 90 - - - - - - - - - - -
43596 Krumovgrad Leshtarka ViK OOD Kardzhali 202 69 - 6,049 82 103 6,152 7,300 16% 100% Yes Yes
43726 Krumovgrad Limets ViK OOD Kardzhali 57 15 - 1,528 73 0 1,528 1,600 5% 100% Yes Yes
44344 Krumovgrad Lulichka ViK OOD Kardzhali 226 75 - 5,913 72 0 5,913 10,400 43% 100% Yes Yes
46471 Krumovgrad Malka chinka Not serviced 77 - - - - - - - - - - -
46601 Krumovgrad Malko Kamenyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 48 16 - 950 54 0 950 1,000 5% 100% Yes Yes
46872 Krumovgrad Malak Devisil ViK OOD Kardzhali 357 62 - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
47860 Krumovgrad Metlika Krumovgrad Municipality 121 - - - - - - - - - - -
49103 Krumovgrad Moryantsi Not serviced 117 - - - - - - - - - - -
53206 Krumovgrad Ovchari ViK OOD Kardzhali 142 59 - 28,146 543 841 28,987 36,500 21% 100% Yes Yes
54821 Krumovgrad Oreh Not serviced 327 - - - - - - - - - - -
53713 Krumovgrad Oreshari Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
55097 Krumovgrad Padalo Not serviced 20 - - - - - - - - - - -
55614 Krumovgrad Pashintsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 463 70 - 5,597 33 279 5,876 6,400 8% 100% Yes Yes
55751 Krumovgrad Pelin ViK OOD Kardzhali 504 60 - 7,744 42 241 7,985 9,200 13% 100% Yes Yes
55899 Krumovgrad Perunika Not serviced 40 - - - - - - - - - - -
57062 Krumovgrad Podrumche ViK OOD Kardzhali 388 60 - 6,489 46 256 6,745 8,900 24% 100% Yes Yes
57248 Krumovgrad Polkovnik Zhelyazkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 601 59 - 12,992 59 104 13,096 16,500 21% 100% Yes Yes
57933 Krumovgrad Potocharka ViK OOD Kardzhali 137 71 - 7,026 141 0 7,026 7,200 2% 100% Yes Yes
57950 Krumovgrad Potochnitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 258 71 - 6,499 69 498 6,997 7,200 3% 100% Yes Yes
62178 Krumovgrad Ralichevo Krumovgrad Municipality 100 - - - - - - - - - - -
62617 Krumovgrad Ribino Krumovgrad Municipality 69 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 53
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
62774 Krumovgrad ROgach ViK OOD Kardzhali 291 60 - 16,252 153 185 16,437 21,300 23% 100% Yes Yes
63505 Krumovgrad Ruchey Not serviced 39 - - - - - - - - - - -
65190 Krumovgrad Samovila Krumovgrad Municipality 72 - - - - - - - - - - -
65454 Krumovgrad Sbor Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
66545 Krumovgrad Siniger Not serviced 43 - - - - - - - - - - -
66716 Krumovgrad Skalak Not serviced 41 - - - - - - - - - - -
67132 Krumovgrad Sladkodum Not serviced 2 - - - - - - - - - - -
67297 Krumovgrad Slivarka ViK OOD Kardzhali 334 60 - 9,839 81 5 9,844 12,300 20% 100% Yes Yes
68936 Krumovgrad Stari chal ViK OOD Kardzhali 49 75 - 2,179 122 480 2,659 2,700 2% 100% Yes Yes
81743 Krumovgrad Strazhets Not serviced 8 - - - - - - - - - - -
69688 Krumovgrad Strandzhevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 587 72 - 18,668 87 1,854 20,522 28,900 29% 100% Yes Yes
70104 Krumovgrad Studen Kladenets ViK OOD Kardzhali 122 71 - 3,485 78 120 3,605 3,800 5% 100% Yes Yes
70559 Krumovgrad Sarnak ViK OOD Kardzhali 131 68 - 2,663 56 0 2,663 3,400 22% 100% Yes Yes
72429 Krumovgrad Tintyava Not serviced 27 - - - - - - - - - - -
72610 Krumovgrad Tokachka Krumovgrad Municipality 265 - - - - - - - - - - -
72730 Krumovgrad Topolka ViK OOD Kardzhali 66 73 - 1,034 43 0 1,034 1,800 43% 100% Yes Yes
77267 Krumovgrad Hisar Not serviced 13 - - - - - - - - - - -
77428 Krumovgrad Hrastovo Not serviced 55 - - - - - - - - - - -
80145 Krumovgrad Chal Not serviced 46 - - - - - - - - - - -
81027 Krumovgrad Chernichevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 346 64 - 9,390 74 248 9,638 12,300 22% 100% Yes Yes
81205 Krumovgrad Chernooki Krumovgrad Municipality 68 - - - - - - - - - - -
00148 Kardzhali Ayrovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 617 1.6* - 17,701 79 0 17,701 22,000 20% 100% Yes Yes
02124 Kardzhali Bagra Kardzhali Municipality 66 - - - - - - - - - - -
03006 Kardzhali Bashtino Kardzhali Municipality 238 - - - - - - - - - - -
03499 Kardzhali Beli plast ViK OOD Kardzhali 367 76 - 9,594 72 902 10,496 19,590 46% 100% Yes Yes
04409 Kardzhali Blenika ViK OOD Kardzhali 190 1.2* - 3,333 48 0 3,333 5,500 39% 100% Yes Yes
04902 Kardzhali Bozhak Kardzhali Municipality 37 - - - - - - - - - - -
05205 Kardzhali Boyno ViK OOD Kardzhali 348 77 - 9,780 77 1,266 11,046 22,250 50% 100% Yes Yes
05325 Kardzhali Bolyartsi Kardzhali Municipality 118 - - - - - - - - - - -
06567 Kardzhali Brosh ViK OOD Kardzhali 170 1.1* - 6,554 106 20,479 27,033 35,000 23% 100% Yes Yes
07658 Kardzhali Byala polyana ViK OOD Kardzhali 110 86 - 2,209 55 0 2,209 3,855 43% 100% Yes Yes
07764 Kardzhali Byalka Kardzhali Municipality 28 - - - - - - - - - - -
10358 Kardzhali Veleshani Kardzhali Municipality 130 - - - - - - - - - - -
11226 Kardzhali Visoka Not serviced 2 - - - - - - - - - - -
11243 Kardzhali Visoka polyana ViK OOD Kardzhali 274 87 - 7,758 78 565 8,323 15,420 46% 100% Yes Yes
11346 Kardzhali Vishegrad ViK OOD Kardzhali 372 1 - 4,569 45 0 4,569 8,000 43% 100% Yes Yes
12053 Kardzhali Volovartsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 62 78 - 1,290 57 0 1,290 2,000 36% 100% Yes Yes
12694 Kardzhali Varbentsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 59 - - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
15000 Kardzhali Glavatartsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 11 1 - 3,360 837 2,213 5,573 8,000 30% 100% Yes Yes
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 54
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
15216 Kardzhali Gluhar ViK OOD Kardzhali 922 1 - 23,659 70 19,437 43,096 50,000 14% 100% Yes Yes
15268 Kardzhali Gnyazdovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 54 88 - 2,151 109 0 2,151 4,004 46% 100% Yes Yes
15641 Kardzhali Golyama bara Not serviced 52 - - - - - - - - - - -
16267 Kardzhali Gorna krepost ViK OOD Kardzhali 241 79 - 9,251 105 630 9881 32748 70% 100% Yes Yes
18410 Kardzhali Gaskovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 102 20 - 1,930 52 0 1930 2000 4% 100% Yes Yes
21511 Kardzhali Dobrinovo Kardzhali Municipality 11 - - - - - - - - - - -
21991 Kardzhali Dolishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 77 86 - 1,124 40 0 1,124 1,665 32% 100% Yes Yes
22134 Kardzhali Dolna krepost ViK OOD Kardzhali 148 79 - 4,813 89 60 4,873 12,142 60% 100% Yes Yes
24445 Kardzhali Dazhdino ViK OOD Kardzhali 346 1.10* - 8,154 65 0 8,154 12,000 32% 100% Yes Yes
24462 Kardzhali Dazhdovnitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 136 1.2* - 3,310 67 0 3,310 5,000 34% 100% Yes Yes
24596 Kardzhali Dangovo Kardzhali Municipality 18 - - - - - - - - - - -
27512 Kardzhali Enchets ViK OOD Kardzhali 341 1.1* - 8,942 72 0 8,942 11,000 19% 100% Yes Yes
29407 Kardzhali Zhinzifovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 367 - - 1,728 13 0 1,728 2,000 14% 100% Yes Yes
29413 Kardzhali Zhitarnik Not serviced 3 - - - - - - - - - - -
30260 Kardzhali Zaychino ViK OOD Kardzhali 32 - - - - - - - - - - -
30466 Kardzhali Zvezdelina ViK OOD Kardzhali 392 - - - - - - - - - - -
30475 Kardzhali Zvezden ViK OOD Kardzhali 130 - - - - - - - - - - -
30524 Kardzhali Zvinitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 473 - - - - - - - - - - -
30569 Kardzhali Zvanika Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
30586 Kardzhali Zvanche Not serviced 40 - - - - - - - - - - -
30747 Kardzhali Zelenikovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 322 1.1* - 8,744 74 0 8,744 11,000 21% 100% Yes Yes
30867 Kardzhali Zimzelen Kardzhali Municipality 110 1.5* - - - - - - - - - -
31348 Kardzhali Zornitsa Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
32161 Kardzhali Ivantsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 146 1.12* - 1,370 26 0 1,370 2,000 32% 100% Yes Yes
32679 Kardzhali Ilinitsa Not serviced 29 - - - - - - - - - - -
35403 Kardzhali Kalinka ViK OOD Kardzhali 180 1.4* - 6,397 97 0 6,397 10,000 36% 100% Yes Yes
35540 Kardzhali Kaloyantsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 347 88 - 11,581 91 487 12,068 40,549 70% 100% Yes Yes
35732 Kardzhali Kamenartsi Not serviced 27 - - - - - - - - - - -
37438 Kardzhali Kobilyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 278 80 - 2,754 27 717 3,471 3,896 11% 100% Yes Yes
37928 Kardzhali Kokiche ViK OOD Kardzhali 106 23 - 470 12 0 470 500 6% 100% Yes Yes
37962 Kardzhali Kokoshane ViK OOD Kardzhali 26 77 - 841 89 0 841 2,640 68% 100% Yes Yes
38282 Kardzhali Konevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 259 86 - 6,815 72 495 7,310 8,440 13% 100% Yes Yes
38981 Kardzhali Kostino ViK OOD Kardzhali 256 92 - 4,851 52 849 5,700 5,800 2% 100% Yes Yes
39342 Kardzhali Krayno selo ViK OOD Kardzhali 169 1 - 3,724 0 0 3,724 5,000 26% 100% Yes Yes
39894 Kardzhali Krin Kardzhali Municipality 127 - - - - - - - - - - -
40169 Kardzhali Krushevska Not serviced 129 - - - - - - - - - - -
40186 Kardzhali Krushka Not serviced 29 - - - - - - - - - - -
40909 Kardzhali Kardzhali ViK OOD Kardzhali 43,880 1 88.30 1,427,777 89 564,012 1,991,789 4,148,265 52% 100% Yes Yes
41085 Kardzhali Kyosevo Not serviced 141 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 55
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
43856 Kardzhali Lisitsite Not serviced 33 - - - - - - - - - - -
44361 Kardzhali Lavovo Not serviced 5 - - - - - - - - - - -
44700 Kardzhali Lyulyakovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 305 79 - 7,291 65 460 7,751 42,309 82% 100% Yes Yes
46139 Kardzhali Maystorovo Kardzhali Municipality 1 - - - - - - - - - - -
46214 Kardzhali Makedontsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 124 1.10* - 2,237 49 0 2,237 4,000 44% 100% Yes Yes
47342 Kardzhali Martino Not serviced 8 - - - - - - - - - - -
48074 Kardzhali Miladinovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 457 89 - 15,213 91 2,600 17,813 23,060 23% 100% Yes Yes
49120 Kardzhali Most ViK OOD Kardzhali 697 90 - 2,222 9 543 2,765 7,625 64% 100% Yes Yes
49343 Kardzhali Murgovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 301 91 - 7,492 68 150 7,642 21,438 64% 100% Yes Yes
49521 Kardzhali Madrets Kardzhali Municipality 125 - - - - - - - - - - -
35136 Kardzhali Nevestino ViK OOD Kardzhali 116 1.5* - 2,388 56 45 2,433 4,000 39% 100% Yes Yes
51442 Kardzhali Nenkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 129 1 - 4,401 93 0 4,401 4,500 2% 100% Yes Yes
53638 Kardzhali Opalchensko ViK OOD Kardzhali 937 1.6* - 1,843 5 1,010 2,853 3,220 11% 100% Yes Yes
53816 Kardzhali Oreshnitsa Kardzhali Municipality 168 - - - - - - - - - - -
54403 Kardzhali Ostrovitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 285 1 - 5,014 48 0 5,014 8,000 37% 100% Yes Yes
54479 Kardzhali Ohlyuvets ViK OOD Kardzhali 222 81 - 4,751 59 30 4,781 9,069 47% 100% Yes Yes
55422 Kardzhali Panchevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 236 - - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
55823 Kardzhali Penyovo Kardzhali Municipality 177 1.2* - - - - - - - - - -
55840 Kardzhali Pepelishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 270 1 - 6,677 68 0 6,677 10,000 33% 100% Yes Yes
55885 Kardzhali Perperek ViK OOD Kardzhali 706 88 - 14,824 58 4,592 19,416 47,160 59% 100% Yes Yes
56054 Kardzhali Petlino ViK OOD Kardzhali 298 1.9* - 10,223 94 9,605 19,828 25,000 21% 100% Yes Yes
56928 Kardzhali Povet Kardzhali Municipality 101 - - - - - - - - - - -
58342 Kardzhali Prileptsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 317 1.8* - 26,858 232 3,383 3,0241 36,000 16% 100% Yes Yes
58623 Kardzhali Propast ViK OOD Kardzhali 101 1 - 2,203 60 0 2,203 4,000 45% 100% Yes Yes
58997 Kardzhali Padartsi Kardzhali Municipality 78 - - - - - - - - - - -
62195 Kardzhali Rani list ViK OOD Kardzhali 714 82 - 17,183 66 1,253 18,436 34,170 46% 100% Yes Yes
62445 Kardzhali Rezbartsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 696 1 - 21,976 87 2,370 24,346 30,000 19% 100% Yes Yes
62668 Kardzhali Ridovo Not serviced 15 - - - - - - - - - - -
63170 Kardzhali Rudina ViK OOD Kardzhali 173 24 - 5,881 93 0 5,881 6,000 2% 100% Yes Yes
65512 Kardzhali Svatbare Kardzhali Municipality 60 - - - - - - - - - - -
65890 Kardzhali Sevdalina Kardzhali Municipality 44 - - - - - - - - - - -
65975 Kardzhali Sedlovina ViK OOD Kardzhali 295 1.14* - 6,229 58 0 6,229 10,000 38% 100% Yes Yes
66336 Kardzhali Sestrinsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 96 25 - 2,761 79 0 2,761 2,800 1% 100% Yes Yes
66603 Kardzhali Sipey ViK OOD Kardzhali 444 1.5* - 14,605 90 9 14,614 20,000 27% 100% Yes Yes
66740 Kardzhali Skalishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 266 92 - 6,033 62 275 6,308 6,500 3% 100% Yes Yes
66754 Kardzhali Skalna glava ViK OOD Kardzhali 128 83 - 1,699 36 0 1,699 7,635 78% 100% Yes Yes
66929 Kardzhali Skarbino ViK OOD Kardzhali 118 1.5* - 3,726 87 0 3,726 5,000 25% 100% Yes Yes
67742 Kardzhali Snezhinka Kardzhali Municipality 15 - - - - - - - - - - -
67979 Kardzhali Sokolsko Not serviced 6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 56
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
67982 Kardzhali Sokolyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 266 84 - 6,514 67 727 7,241 20,569 65% 100% Yes Yes
68014 Kardzhali Solishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 279 1.5* - 6,606 65 2,828 9,434 12,000 21% 100% Yes Yes
68336 Kardzhali Sredinka ViK OOD Kardzhali 218 1 - 3,412 43 130 3,542 5,000 29% 100% Yes Yes
68984 Kardzhali Staro myasto Not serviced 5 - - - - - - - - - - -
69612 Kardzhali Strazhevtsi Not serviced 43 - - - - - - - - - - -
69715 Kardzhali Strahil Voyvoda ViK OOD Kardzhali 104 26 - 0 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
69849 Kardzhali Stremovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 192 84 - 8,731 125 143 8,874 14,406 38% 100% Yes Yes
69852 Kardzhali Stremtsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 603 84 - 17,184 78 1,941 19,125 66,579 71% 100% Yes Yes
72120 Kardzhali Tatkovo Kardzhali Municipality 58 - - - - - - - - - - -
72802 Kardzhali TOpolchane Not serviced 5 - - - - - - - - - - -
73136 Kardzhali Tri Mogili ViK OOD Kardzhali 315 84 - 3,705 32 78 3,783 18,045 79% 100% Yes Yes
77339 Kardzhali Hodzhovtsi Not serviced 29 - - - - - - - - - - -
78149 Kardzhali Tsarevets ViK OOD Kardzhali 223 1.3* - 8,960 110 0 8,960 11,000 19% 100% Yes Yes
80248 Kardzhali Chegantsi Not serviced 19 - - - - - - - - - - -
80594 Kardzhali Chereshitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 276 90 - 7,250 72 80 7,330 55,380 87% 100% Yes Yes
80844 Kardzhali Cherna Skala Kardzhali Municipality 126 - - - - - - - - - - -
81267 Kardzhali Chernyovtsi Kardzhali Municipality 91 - - - - - - - - - - -
81362 Kardzhali Chilik ViK OOD Kardzhali 208 81 - 4,115 54 425 4,540 8296 45% 100% Yes Yes
81462 Kardzhali Chiflik ViK OOD Kardzhali 371 87 - 9,059 67 3,680 12739 34221 63% 100% Yes Yes
83315 Kardzhali Shiroko Pole ViK OOD Kardzhali 756 85 - 20,773 75 6,166 26939 77948 65% 100% Yes Yes
87494 Kardzhali Yarebitsa Not serviced 7 - - - - - - - - - - -
87672 Kardzhali Yastreb ViK OOD Kardzhali 354 92 - 7,908 61 176 8084 12,540 36% 100% Yes Yes
00828 Momchilgrad Austa ViK OOD Kardzhali 206 97 - 4,028 54 24 4,052 6,510 38% 100% Yes Yes
02155 Momchilgrad Bagryanka ViK OOD Kardzhali 318 93 - 6,154 53 319 6,473 9,029 28% 100% Yes Yes
02292 Momchilgrad Balabanovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 110 95 - 2,454 61 0 2,454 7,280 66% 100% Yes Yes
04008 Momchilgrad Bivolyane Momchilgrad Municipality 180 - - - - - - - - - - -
12293 Momchilgrad Vrelo Momchilgrad Municipality 144 - - - - - - - - - - -
86030 Momchilgrad Varhari ViK OOD Kardzhali 140 95 - 3,817 75 52 3,869 8,560 55% 100% Yes Yes
17186 Momchilgrad Gorsko Dyulevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 83 48 - 2,539 84 0 2,539 4,010 37% 100% Yes Yes
17988 Momchilgrad Gruevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 715 1 - 18,770 72 1,617 20,387 25,669 21% 100% Yes Yes
18126 Momchilgrad Gurgulitsa Momchilgrad Municipality 44 - - - - - - - - - - -
24966 Momchilgrad Devintsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 129 44 - 2,883 61 0 2,883 5,000 42% 100% Yes Yes
20755 Momchilgrad Dzhelepsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 213 97 - 6,089 78 0 6,089 11,400 47% 100% Yes Yes
23830 Momchilgrad Drumche Momchilgrad Municipality 24 - - - - - - - - - - -
30154 Momchilgrad Zagorsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 149 93 - 3,331 61 0 3,331 5,010 34% 100% Yes Yes
30452 Momchilgrad Zvezdel ViK OOD Kardzhali 491 97 - 12,734 71 802 13,536 21,400 37% 100% Yes Yes
03258 Momchilgrad Kamenets ViK OOD Kardzhali 34 48 - 670 54 0 670 1,385 52% 100% Yes Yes
36350 Momchilgrad Karamfil ViK OOD Kardzhali 301 96 - 8,181 74 1,134 9,315 14,380 35% 100% Yes Yes
38409 Momchilgrad Konche Momchilgrad Municipality 246 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 57
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
38697 Momchilgrad Kos Momchilgrad Municipality 104 - - - - - - - - - - -
80131 Momchilgrad Kremenets Momchilgrad Municipality 40 - - - - - - - - - - -
43102 Momchilgrad Lale ViK OOD Kardzhali 250 27 - 6,816 75 4 6,820 6,820 0% 100% Yes Yes
43493 Momchilgrad Letovnik Momchilgrad Municipality 42 - - - - - - - - - - -
47144 Momchilgrad Manchevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 1 - - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
48917 Momchilgrad Momina Salza Momchilgrad Municipality 26 - - - - - - - - - - -
48996 Momchilgrad Momchilgrad ViK OOD Kardzhali 7,831 93 22.40 265,275 93 95,168 360,443 1,138,383 68% 100% Yes Yes
51097 Momchilgrad Nanovitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 478 94 - 14,130 81 2,897 17,027 17,730 4% 100% Yes Yes
51473 Momchilgrad Neofit Bozvelievo ViK OOD Kardzhali 334 94 - 10,331 85 323 10,654 12,800 17% 100% Yes Yes
53076 Momchilgrad Obichnik Momchilgrad Municipality 19 - - - - - - - - - - -
55169 Momchilgrad Pazartsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 171 97 - 3,328 53 0 3,328 5,200 36% 100% Yes Yes
56575 Momchilgrad Piyavets Momchilgrad Municipality 70 - - - - - - - - - - -
56767 Momchilgrad Pleshintsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 35 - - - - - - - - - - -
57892 Momchilgrad Postnik ViK OOD Kardzhali 231 44 - 6,472 77 0 6,472 9,071 29% 100% Yes Yes
59361 Momchilgrad Progres ViK OOD Kardzhali 312 - - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
58757 Momchilgrad Ptichar ViK OOD Kardzhali 255 48 - 7,487 80 42 7,529 15,940 53% 100% Yes Yes
61063 Momchilgrad Raven ViK OOD Kardzhali 343 99 - 6,894 55 899 7,793 9,590 19% 100% Yes Yes
62147 Momchilgrad Ralitsa Momchilgrad Municipality 49 - - - - - - - - - - -
65098 Momchilgrad Sadovitsa Not serviced 37 - - - - - - - - - - -
65797 Momchilgrad Svoboda ViK OOD Kardzhali 114 1 - 2,524 61 0 2,524 3,600 30% 100% Yes Yes
65944 Momchilgrad Sedefche ViK OOD Kardzhali 173 98 - 3,854 61 30 3,884 4,680 17% 100% Yes Yes
65961 Momchilgrad Sedlari ViK OOD Kardzhali 192 1 - 4,462 64 0 4,462 14,384 69% 100% Yes Yes
70785 Momchilgrad Sentse Momchilgrad Municipality 36 - - - - - - - - - - -
66500 Momchilgrad Sindeltsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 311 96 - 6,607 58 10 6,617 11,576 43% 100% Yes Yes
67882 Momchilgrad Sokolino ViK OOD Kardzhali 455 93 - 12,037 72 831 12,868 14,620 12% 100% Yes Yes
70706 Momchilgrad Syartsi Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
72134 Momchilgrad Tatul ViK OOD Kardzhali 97 - - - 0 0 0 0 0% 100% Yes Yes
80087 Momchilgrad Chayka ViK OOD Kardzhali 230 96 - 5,172 62 0 5,172 10,746 52% 100% Yes Yes
81517 Momchilgrad Chobanka Momchilgrad Municipality 267 - - - - - - - - - - -
81548 Momchilgrad Chomakovo Momchilgrad Municipality 42 - - - - - - - - - - -
81734 Momchilgrad Chukovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 191 93 - 17,482 251 38 17,520 20,884 16% 100% Yes Yes
86060 Momchilgrad Yunatsi Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
02261 Chernoochene Bakalite ViK OOD Kardzhali 91 100 - 1,862 56 0 1,862 2,076 10% 100% Yes Yes
03132 Chernoochene Bedrovo Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
03188 Chernoochene Bezvodno Not serviced 84 - - - - - - - - - - -
03410 Chernoochene Beli Vir ViK OOD Kardzhali 382 28 - 4,159 30 195 4,354 4572 5% 100% Yes Yes
03986 Chernoochene Besnurka Not serviced 0 - - - - - - - - - - -
05089 Chernoochene Bozhurtsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 248 29 - 2,774 31 0 2,774 2,795 1% 100% Yes Yes
05640 Chernoochene Borovsko Not serviced 12 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 58
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
05712 Chernoochene Bosilitsa Not serviced 15 - - - - - - - - - - -
05791 Chernoochene Bostantsi Not serviced 86 - - - - - - - - - - -
07472 Chernoochene Barza reka ViK OOD Kardzhali 50 30 - 447 24 0 447 464 4% 100% Yes Yes
10700 Chernoochene Versko Not serviced 46 - - - - - - - - - - -
11613 Chernoochene Vodach ViK OOD Kardzhali 311 37 - 5,329 47 0 5,329 12,930 59% 100% Yes Yes
11805 Chernoochene Vozhdovo Not serviced 87 - - - - - - - - - - -
11987 Chernoochene Voynovo Not serviced 12 - - - - - - - - - - -
12423 Chernoochene Vazel Not serviced 74 - - - - - - - - - - -
14221 Chernoochene Gabrovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 658 101 - 17,828 74 1,663 19,491 39,270 50% 100% Yes Yes
20167 Chernoochene Daskalovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 361 31 - 7,732 59 155 7,887 8,116 3% 100% Yes Yes
23114 Chernoochene Draganovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 172 100 - 4,161 66 125 4,286 11,415 62% 100% Yes Yes
24219 Chernoochene Dushka ViK OOD Kardzhali 6 - - 0 0 14 14 14 0% 100% Yes Yes
24774 Chernoochene Dyadovsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 392 32 - 3,499 24 141 3,640 3,786 4% 100% Yes Yes
29132 Chernoochene Zheleznik Not serviced 249 - - - - - - - - - - -
29252 Chernoochene Zhenda Not serviced 68 - - - - - - - - - - -
29461 Chernoochene Zhitnitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 248 37 - 5,123 57 170 5,293 14,890 64% 100% Yes Yes
34117 Chernoochene Yonchovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 148 102 - 1,027 19 0 1,027 2,180 53% 100% Yes Yes
35047 Chernoochene Kableshkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 204 100 - 6,681 90 943 7,624 15,235 50% 100% Yes Yes
36066 Chernoochene Kanyak ViK OOD Kardzhali 204 33 - 815 11 60 875 1,025 15% 100% Yes Yes
38176 Chernoochene Komuniga ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,184 43 - 30,997 72 3,218 34,215 60,781 44% 100% Yes Yes
38491 Chernoochene Kopitnik Not serviced 4 - - - - - - - - - - -
40796 Chernoochene Kutsovo Not serviced 6 - - - - - - - - - - -
44820 Chernoochene Lyaskovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 657 43 - 13,562 54 150 13,712
100% Yes Yes
48307 Chernoochene Minzuhar ViK OOD Kardzhali 480 43 - 12,210 70 338 12,548 12,548 0% 100% Yes Yes
49326 Chernoochene Murga Not serviced 38 - - - - - - - - - - -
51192 Chernoochene Nebeska Not serviced 17 - - - - - - - - - - -
51994 Chernoochene Novi Pazar Chernoochene Municipality 282 - - - - - - - - - - -
52153 Chernoochene Novoselishte Not serviced 89 - - - - - - - - - - -
52372 Chernoochene Nochevo Not serviced 88 - - - - - - - - - - -
55395 Chernoochene Panichkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 384 102 - 9,011 64 1,418 10,429 20,910 50% 100% Yes Yes
55568 Chernoochene Patitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 170 34 - 1,729 28 192 1,921 2,170 11% 100% Yes Yes
55960 Chernoochene Petelovo Not serviced 273 - - - - - - - - - - -
58731 Chernoochene Pryaporets ViK OOD Kardzhali 212 100 - 6,713 87 0 6,713 15,240 56% 100% Yes Yes
58829 Chernoochene Pchelarovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 142 103 - 7,715 149 444 8,159 32,865 75% 100% Yes Yes
63392 Chernoochene Rusalina Not serviced 6 - - - - - - - - - - -
65841 Chernoochene Svobodinovo Not serviced 175 - - - - - - - - - - -
67893 Chernoochene Sokolite Not serviced 60 - - - - - - - - - - -
68415 Chernoochene Srednevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 193 100 - 3,212 46 185 3,397 3,534 4% 100% Yes Yes
68566 Chernoochene Sredska Not serviced 18 - - - - - - - - - - -
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 59
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ID Municipality Settlement ViK operator Population WSZ
code
Distribution
network
length
Domestic water
consumption
Specific
domestic water
consumption
Non-domestic
water
consumption
Total water
consumption
(without
losses)
Total water
consumption
(incl. losses)
Percentage of
losses
Water supply
network
connection
rate
complies
with water
quantity
standards
complies
with water
quality
standards
Comments
(major deficiencies…)
- Name Name Name number - km m³ / year l/i/d m³ / year m³ / year m³ / year % of 12 % of total yes/no yes/no (1) -
69657 Chernoochene Strazhnitsa Not serviced 157 - - - - - - - - - - -
80830 Chernoochene Cherna niva Not serviced 131 - - - - - - - - - - -
81236 Chernoochene Chernoochene ViK OOD Kardzhali 316 100 - 18,458 160 14,893 33,351 58,840 43% 100% Yes Yes
87103 Chernoochene Yabalcheni ViK OOD Kardzhali 157 3 - 1,941 37 0 1,941 2,172 11% 100% Yes Yes
87165 Chernoochene Yavorovo Not serviced 160 - - - - - - - - - - -
Note:
* Pump water supply systems (subsystems) to Water supply system Borovitsa dam
[1] Not serviced– not serviced by ViK operator, but individually by local operator.
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 60
Figure 0-3 General situation for sewerage
Sewerage: General Situation VIK OOD Kardzhali
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 61
Table 0-19 Summary table for wastewater systems
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
00062 Ardino Avramovo Not serviced 3 3 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
00607 Ardino Ardino ViK OOD Kardzhali 3,493 3,698 4 14.947 74,431 2,266 Yes 59% No No
00864 Ardino Ahryansko Not serviced 43 43 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
02991 Ardino Bashevo Not serviced 131 131 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
04248 Ardino Bistrogled Not serviced 37 37 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
07925 Ardino Bogatino Not serviced 110 110 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80176 Ardino Borovitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 249 249 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
77116 Ardino Brezen ViK OOD Kardzhali 213 213 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
07747 Ardino Byal izvor ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,646 1,697 0 1.500 15,964 710 Yes 40% No No
18544 Ardino Glavnik Not serviced 93 93 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
15607 Ardino Golobrad Not serviced 134 134 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
16910 Ardino Gorno prahovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 475 479 0 0.700 3,820 194 Yes 40% No No
18321 Ardino Garbishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 163 163 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24880 Ardino Dedino Not serviced 57 57 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
21806 Ardino Doyrantsi Not serviced 2 2 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
22784 Ardino Dolno prahovo Not serviced 124 124 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24788 Ardino Dyadovtsi Not serviced 90 90 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
27543 Ardino Enyovche ViK OOD Kardzhali 155 155 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29605 Ardino Zhaltusha ViK OOD Kardzhali 982 993 0 0.800 3,398 208 Yes 20% No No
32946 Ardino Iskra Not serviced 52 52 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
37085 Ardino Kitnitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 88 88 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39952 Ardino Kroyachevo Not serviced 78 78 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
43164 Ardino Latinka Not serviced 9 9 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
44896 Ardino Levtsi Not serviced 44 44 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
43270 Ardino Lenishte Not serviced 83 83 0 0 0 0 Yes 5% No No
44584 Ardino Lyubino Not serviced 24 24 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
46156 Ardino Mak Not serviced 1 1 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
48756 Ardino Mlechino Not serviced 313 313 0 0 0 157 Yes 50% No No
49401 Ardino Musevo Not serviced 49 49 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55124 Ardino Padina ViK OOD Kardzhali 982 985 0 0.600 849 199 Yes 20% No No
55525 Ardino Paspal Not serviced 27 27 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55912 Ardino Pesnopoy Not serviced 12 12 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
58013 Ardino Pravdolyub ViK OOD Kardzhali 178 178 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
54260 Ardino Ribartsi Not serviced 29 29 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62894 Ardino Rodopsko Not serviced 41 41 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
63402 Ardino Rusalsko Not serviced 48 48 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65646 Ardino Svetulka Not serviced 168 168 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 62
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
70771 Ardino Sedlartsi Not serviced 94 94 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66562 Ardino Sinchets Not serviced 58 58 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68240 Ardino Spoluka Not serviced 22 22 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68597 Ardino Sransko Not serviced 77 77 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69122 Ardino Star Chitak Not serviced 19 19 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69518 Ardino Stoyanovo Not serviced 24 24 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
70319 Ardino Suhovo Not serviced 103 103 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
47809 Ardino Temenuga Not serviced 15 15 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
73897 Ardino Tarna Not serviced 39 39 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
73732 Ardino Tarnoslivka Not serviced 123 123 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
77487 Ardino Hromitsa Not serviced 47 47 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81921 Ardino Chervena skala Not serviced 68 68 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80964 Ardino Chernigovo Not serviced 68 68 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81596 Ardino Chubrika Not serviced 189 189 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
87059 Ardino Yabalkovets ViK OOD Kardzhali 200 200 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
00206 Dzhebel Albantsi Not serviced 4 4 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
07939 Dzhebel Brezhana Not serviced 12 12 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
10389 Dzhebel Velikdenche ViK OOD Kardzhali 102 102 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
11689 Dzhebel Vodenicharsko Not serviced 114 114 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
12468 Dzhebel Valkovich ViK OOD Kardzhali 139 139 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
14647 Dzhebel General Geshevo Not serviced 218 218 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20746 Dzhebel Dzhebel ViK OOD Kardzhali 3,093 3,300 5 16.770 109,627 2,898 Yes 87% No No
21525 Dzhebel Dobrintsi Not serviced 133 133 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24195 Dzhebel Dushinkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 104 104 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29180 Dzhebel Zheladovo Not serviced 92 92 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29564 Dzhebel Zhalti rid Not serviced 10 10 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29619 Dzhebel Zhaltika Not serviced 43 43 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
32634 Dzhebel Iliysko ViK OOD Kardzhali 141 141 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35184 Dzhebel Kazatsite Not serviced 46 46 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35972 Dzhebel Kamenyane Not serviced 2 2 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
37736 Dzhebel Kozitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 143 143 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
38371 Dzhebel Kontil Not serviced 27 27 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
40676 Dzhebel Kuptsite Not serviced 37 37 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
43178 Dzhebel Lebed ViK OOD Kardzhali 35 35 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
48622 Dzhebel Mishevsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 323 323 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68151 Dzhebel Modren Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
49268 Dzhebel Mrezhichko ViK OOD Kardzhali 105 105 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
53271 Dzhebel Ovchevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 53 53 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55436 Dzhebel Paprat ViK OOD Kardzhali 143 143 5 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 63
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
56589 Dzhebel Plazishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 173 173 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
56976 Dzhebel Podvrah ViK OOD Kardzhali 104 104 5 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
57412 Dzhebel Polyanets ViK OOD Kardzhali 126 126 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
57947 Dzhebel Potoche Not serviced 15 15 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
58387 Dzhebel Pripek ViK OOD Kardzhali 907 919 0 5.599 16,684 919 Yes 100% No No
62654 Dzhebel Ridino ViK OOD Kardzhali 317 317 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62801 Dzhebel Rogozari ViK OOD Kardzhali 76 76 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62846 Dzhebel Rogozche ViK OOD Kardzhali 103 103 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
63714 Dzhebel Rozhdensko Not serviced 13 13 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
63611 Dzhebel Rat Not serviced 21 21 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
70809 Dzhebel Sipets Not serviced 69 69 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66723 Dzhebel Skalina ViK OOD Kardzhali 56 56 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
67502 Dzhebel Slanchogled ViK OOD Kardzhali 211 211 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68120 Dzhebel Sofiytsi Not serviced 110 110 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
72211 Dzhebel Telcharka Not serviced 84 84 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
73715 Dzhebel Tarnovtsi Not serviced 50 50 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
73804 Dzhebel Tyutyunche ViK OOD Kardzhali 103 103 5 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
75201 Dzhebel Ustren ViK OOD Kardzhali 230 230 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
78313 Dzhebel Tsvyatovo Not serviced 3 3 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
78642 Dzhebel Tsarkvitsa Not serviced 60 60 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80128 Dzhebel Chakaltsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 63 63 5 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81935 Dzhebel Chereshka Not serviced 19 19 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
84019 Dzhebel Shterna Not serviced 44 44 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
87388 Dzhebel Yamino Not serviced 91 91 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
00905 Kirkovo Apriltsi Not serviced 113 113 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
03825 Kirkovo Benkovski ViK OOD Kardzhali 2,121 2,152 6 5.067 31,709 986 Yes 45% No No
07942 Kirkovo Bregovo Not serviced 82 82 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
07483 Kirkovo Barzeya Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
13055 Kirkovo Valchanka Not serviced 155 155 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
00120 Kirkovo Varben ViK OOD Kardzhali 500 500 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
12886 Kirkovo Varli dol Not serviced 5 5 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
18558 Kirkovo Gorno Kirkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 521 521 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
16821 Kirkovo Gorno Kapinovo Not serviced 294 294 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
17138 Kirkovo Gorski izvor ViK OOD Kardzhali 670 670 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
17871 Kirkovo Grivyak Kirkovo Municipality 140 140 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20496 Kirkovo Dedets ViK OOD Kardzhali 55 55 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20554 Kirkovo Delvino Kirkovo Municipality 185 185 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20777 Kirkovo Dzherovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 335 335 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
21631 Kirkovo Dobromirtsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 359 359 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 64
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
22678 Kirkovo Dolno kapinovo Not serviced 326 326 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
22928 Kirkovo Domishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 401 401 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
23577 Kirkovo Draganovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,104 1,104 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
23803 Kirkovo Druzhintsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 332 332 0 0.971 776 23 Yes 7% No No
23892 Kirkovo Dryanova glava ViK OOD Kardzhali 58 58 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24743 Kirkovo Dyulitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 273 273 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
27591 Kirkovo Erovete ViK OOD Kardzhali 101 101 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30106 Kirkovo Zavoya ViK OOD Kardzhali 351 351 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30140 Kirkovo Zagorski ViK OOD Kardzhali 43 43 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30675 Kirkovo Zdravchets ViK OOD Kardzhali 156 156 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
36748 Kirkovo Kayaloba ViK OOD Kardzhali 210 210 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
36926 Kirkovo Kirkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 724 994 0 4.000 71,685 994 Yes 100% No No
37071 Kirkovo Kitna ViK OOD Kardzhali 214 214 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
37767 Kirkovo Kozlevo Not serviced 38 38 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39013 Kirkovo Kosturino Not serviced 19 19 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39445 Kirkovo Kran Not serviced 268 268 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
41174 Kirkovo Kremen Not serviced 102 102 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39877 Kirkovo Krilatitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 173 173 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
40511 Kirkovo Kukuryak Kirkovo Municipality 214 214 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
40988 Kirkovo Karchovsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 178 178 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
44080 Kirkovo Lozengradtsi Not serviced 224 224 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
46680 Kirkovo Malkoch ViK OOD Kardzhali 299 299 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
47531 Kirkovo Medevtsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 47 47 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
47888 Kirkovo Metlichina ViK OOD Kardzhali 162 162 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
47891 Kirkovo Metlichka Not serviced 30 30 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
48845 Kirkovo Mogilyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 275 275 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
49480 Kirkovo Maglene ViK OOD Kardzhali 59 59 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
51086 Kirkovo Nane Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
53878 Kirkovo Orlitsa Not serviced 212 212 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
54393 Kirkovo Ostrovets ViK OOD Kardzhali 342 342 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
56808 Kirkovo Plovka Krumovgrad Municipality 83 83 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
57039 Kirkovo Podkova ViK OOD Kardzhali 357 357 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
58178 Kirkovo Preseka Not serviced 335 335 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
59054 Kirkovo Parventsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 24 24 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
59063 Kirkovo Parvitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 353 353 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62236 Kirkovo Rastnik ViK OOD Kardzhali 114 114 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65214 Kirkovo Samodiva ViK OOD Kardzhali 284 284 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65228 Kirkovo Samokitka Not serviced 90 90 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35016 Kirkovo Svetlen Not serviced 23 23 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 65
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
66024 Kirkovo Sekirka ViK OOD Kardzhali 31 31 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68577 Kirkovo Sredsko Kirkovo Municipality 128 128 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68895 Kirkovo Stareyshino ViK OOD Kardzhali 86 86 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68953 Kirkovo Starovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 312 312 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69482 Kirkovo Stomantsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 229 229 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69866 Kirkovo Strizhba Not serviced 152 152 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
72463 Kirkovo Tihomir ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,335 1,335 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
76159 Kirkovo Fotinovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 850 858 0 2.600 7,029 186 Yes 21% No No
77092 Kirkovo Hadzhiysko Not serviced 304 304 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
78183 Kirkovo Tsarino Not serviced 1 1 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80065 Kirkovo Chavka Not serviced 20 20 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80090 Kirkovo Chakalarovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,355 1,355 0 1.600 - 136 Yes 10% No No
81493 Kirkovo Chichevo Not serviced 42 42 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81565 Kirkovo Chorbadzhiysko ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,964 2,004 0 6.600 26,931 825 Yes 40% No No
83226 Kirkovo Shipok Not serviced 9 9 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
83449 Kirkovo Shoptsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 391 391 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
83538 Kirkovo Shumnatitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 474 474 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
87309 Kirkovo Yakovitsa Not serviced 67 67 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
87415 Kirkovo Yanino ViK OOD Kardzhali 33 33 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
00093 Krumovgrad Avren ViK OOD Kardzhali 385 385 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
02141 Krumovgrad Bagriltsi Not serviced 87 87 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
02751 Krumovgrad Baratsi Not serviced 199 199 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
04306 Krumovgrad Blagun Not serviced 37 37 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
05181 Krumovgrad Boynik Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
06728 Krumovgrad Bryagovets ViK OOD Kardzhali 143 143 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
06906 Krumovgrad Buk ViK OOD Kardzhali 279 279 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
12190 Krumovgrad Vransko ViK OOD Kardzhali 683 686 3 3.299 9,318 344 Yes 50% No No
15727 Krumovgrad Golyam devisal ViK OOD Kardzhali 148 148 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
15713 Krumovgrad Golyama chinka ViK OOD Kardzhali 213 213 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
15878 Krumovgrad Golyamno Kamenyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 190 190 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
16287 Krumovgrad Gorna kula ViK OOD Kardzhali 327 327 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
16660 Krumovgrad Gorni Yurutsi Not serviced 77 77 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
17868 Krumovgrad Grivka Not serviced 77 77 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
18071 Krumovgrad Guliyka ViK OOD Kardzhali 126 126 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
18085 Krumovgrad Guliya ViK OOD Kardzhali 65 65 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20393 Krumovgrad Devesilitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 81 81 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20403 Krumovgrad Devesilovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 267 267 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20732 Krumovgrad Dzhanka Not serviced 111 111 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
21302 Krumovgrad Doborsko Not serviced 39 39 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 66
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
22157 Krumovgrad Dolna kula Not serviced 131 131 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
22544 Krumovgrad Dolni Yurutsi Not serviced 29 29 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24459 Krumovgrad Dazhdovnik ViK OOD Kardzhali 61 61 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
27036 Krumovgrad Egrek ViK OOD Kardzhali 615 617 0 1.246 3,073 156 Yes 25% No No
27680 Krumovgrad Edrino ViK OOD Kardzhali 278 278 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30538 Krumovgrad Zvanarka ViK OOD Kardzhali 589 589 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30911 Krumovgrad Zimornitsa Not serviced 27 27 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
31142 Krumovgrad Zlatolist ViK OOD Kardzhali 92 92 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35269 Krumovgrad Kalaydzhievo Not serviced 8 8 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35849 Krumovgrad Kamenka ViK OOD Kardzhali 50 50 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
36021 Krumovgrad Kandilka ViK OOD Kardzhali 165 165 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
36717 Krumovgrad Kachulka Not serviced 30 30 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
37558 Krumovgrad Kovil Not serviced 54 54 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
37622 Krumovgrad Kozhuhartsi Not serviced 4 4 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39058 Krumovgrad Kotlari Not serviced 70 70 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39565 Krumovgrad Krasino ViK OOD Kardzhali 67 67 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39970 Krumovgrad Krumovgrad ViK OOD Kardzhali 5,070 5,526 3 17.712 207,845 5,323 Yes 96% No No
40823 Krumovgrad Kaklitsa Not serviced 90 90 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
43596 Krumovgrad Leshtarka ViK OOD Kardzhali 202 202 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
43726 Krumovgrad Limets ViK OOD Kardzhali 57 57 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
44344 Krumovgrad Lulichka ViK OOD Kardzhali 226 226 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
46471 Krumovgrad Malka chinka Not serviced 77 77 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
46601 Krumovgrad Malko Kamenyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 48 48 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
46872 Krumovgrad Malak Devisil ViK OOD Kardzhali 357 357 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
47860 Krumovgrad Metlika Krumovgrad Municipality 121 121 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
49103 Krumovgrad Moryantsi Not serviced 117 117 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
53206 Krumovgrad Ovchari ViK OOD Kardzhali 142 142 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
54821 Krumovgrad Oreh Not serviced 327 327 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
53713 Krumovgrad Oreshari Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55097 Krumovgrad Padalo Not serviced 20 20 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55614 Krumovgrad Pashintsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 463 463 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55751 Krumovgrad Pelin ViK OOD Kardzhali 504 504 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55899 Krumovgrad Perunika Not serviced 40 40 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
57062 Krumovgrad Podrumche ViK OOD Kardzhali 388 388 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
57248 Krumovgrad Polkovnik Zhelyazkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 601 602 3 4.520 7,661 391 Yes 65% No No
57933 Krumovgrad Potocharka ViK OOD Kardzhali 137 137 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
57950 Krumovgrad Potochnitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 258 258 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62178 Krumovgrad Ralichevo Krumovgrad Municipality 100 100 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62617 Krumovgrad Ribino Krumovgrad Municipality 69 69 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 67
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
62774 Krumovgrad ROgach ViK OOD Kardzhali 291 291 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
63505 Krumovgrad Ruchey Not serviced 39 39 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65190 Krumovgrad Samovila Krumovgrad Municipality 72 72 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65454 Krumovgrad Sbor Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66545 Krumovgrad Siniger Not serviced 43 43 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66716 Krumovgrad Skalak Not serviced 41 41 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
67132 Krumovgrad Sladkodum Not serviced 2 2 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
67297 Krumovgrad Slivarka ViK OOD Kardzhali 334 334 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68936 Krumovgrad Stari chal ViK OOD Kardzhali 49 49 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81743 Krumovgrad Strazhets Not serviced 8 8 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69688 Krumovgrad Strandzhevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 587 587 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
70104 Krumovgrad Studen Kladenets ViK OOD Kardzhali 122 122 0 1.771 1,622 61 Yes 50% No No
70559 Krumovgrad Sarnak ViK OOD Kardzhali 131 131 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
72429 Krumovgrad Tintyava Not serviced 27 27 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
72610 Krumovgrad Tokachka Krumovgrad Municipality 265 265 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
72730 Krumovgrad Topolka ViK OOD Kardzhali 66 66 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
77267 Krumovgrad Hisar Not serviced 13 13 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
77428 Krumovgrad Hrastovo Not serviced 55 55 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80145 Krumovgrad Chal Not serviced 46 46 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81027 Krumovgrad Chernichevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 346 346 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81205 Krumovgrad Chernooki Krumovgrad Municipality 68 68 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
00148 Kardzhali Ayrovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 617 617 1 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
02124 Kardzhali Bagra Kardzhali Municipality 66 66 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
03006 Kardzhali Bashtino Kardzhali Municipality 238 238 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
03499 Kardzhali Beli plast ViK OOD Kardzhali 367 367 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
04409 Kardzhali Blenika ViK OOD Kardzhali 190 190 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
04902 Kardzhali Bozhak Kardzhali Municipality 37 37 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
05205 Kardzhali Boyno ViK OOD Kardzhali 348 348 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
05325 Kardzhali Bolyartsi Kardzhali Municipality 118 118 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
06567 Kardzhali Brosh ViK OOD Kardzhali 170 170 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
07658 Kardzhali Byala polyana ViK OOD Kardzhali 110 110 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
07764 Kardzhali Byalka Kardzhali Municipality 28 28 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
10358 Kardzhali Veleshani Kardzhali Municipality 130 130 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
11226 Kardzhali Visoka Not serviced 2 2 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
11243 Kardzhali Visoka polyana ViK OOD Kardzhali 274 274 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
11346 Kardzhali Vishegrad ViK OOD Kardzhali 372 372 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
12053 Kardzhali Volovartsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 62 62 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
12694 Kardzhali Varbentsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 59 59 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
15000 Kardzhali Glavatartsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 11 11 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 68
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
15216 Kardzhali Gluhar ViK OOD Kardzhali 922 922 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
15268 Kardzhali Gnyazdovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 54 54 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
15641 Kardzhali Golyama bara Not serviced 52 52 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
16267 Kardzhali Gorna krepost ViK OOD Kardzhali 241 241 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
18410 Kardzhali Gaskovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 102 102 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
21511 Kardzhali Dobrinovo Kardzhali Municipality 11 11 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
21991 Kardzhali Dolishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 77 77 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
22134 Kardzhali Dolna krepost ViK OOD Kardzhali 148 148 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24445 Kardzhali Dazhdino ViK OOD Kardzhali 346 346 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24462 Kardzhali Dazhdovnitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 136 136 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24596 Kardzhali Dangovo Kardzhali Municipality 18 18 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
27512 Kardzhali Enchets ViK OOD Kardzhali 341 341 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29407 Kardzhali Zhinzifovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 367 367 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29413 Kardzhali Zhitarnik Not serviced 3 3 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30260 Kardzhali Zaychino ViK OOD Kardzhali 32 32 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30466 Kardzhali Zvezdelina ViK OOD Kardzhali 392 392 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30475 Kardzhali Zvezden ViK OOD Kardzhali 130 130 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30524 Kardzhali Zvinitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 473 473 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30569 Kardzhali Zvanika Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30586 Kardzhali Zvanche Not serviced 40 40 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30747 Kardzhali Zelenikovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 322 322 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30867 Kardzhali Zimzelen Kardzhali Municipality 110 110 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
31348 Kardzhali Zornitsa Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
32161 Kardzhali Ivantsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 146 146 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
32679 Kardzhali Ilinitsa Not serviced 29 29 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35403 Kardzhali Kalinka ViK OOD Kardzhali 180 180 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35540 Kardzhali Kaloyantsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 347 347 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35732 Kardzhali Kamenartsi Not serviced 27 27 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
37438 Kardzhali Kobilyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 278 278 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
37928 Kardzhali Kokiche ViK OOD Kardzhali 106 106 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
37962 Kardzhali Kokoshane ViK OOD Kardzhali 26 26 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
38282 Kardzhali Konevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 259 259 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
38981 Kardzhali Kostino ViK OOD Kardzhali 256 256 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39342 Kardzhali Krayno selo ViK OOD Kardzhali 169 169 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
39894 Kardzhali Krin Kardzhali Municipality 127 127 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
40169 Kardzhali Krushevska Not serviced 129 129 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
40186 Kardzhali Krushka Not serviced 29 29 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
40909 Kardzhali Kardzhali ViK OOD Kardzhali 43,880 48,377 1 87.040 1,738,832 47,060 Yes 97% On-going No There is on-going project for WWTP
41085 Kardzhali Kyosevo Not serviced 141 141 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 69
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
43856 Kardzhali Lisitsite Not serviced 33 33 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
44361 Kardzhali Lavovo Not serviced 5 5 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
44700 Kardzhali Lyulyakovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 305 305 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
46139 Kardzhali Maystorovo Kardzhali Municipality 1 1 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
46214 Kardzhali Makedontsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 124 124 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
47342 Kardzhali Martino Not serviced 8 8 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
48074 Kardzhali Miladinovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 457 457 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
49120 Kardzhali Most ViK OOD Kardzhali 697 697 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
49343 Kardzhali Murgovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 301 301 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
49521 Kardzhali Madrets Kardzhali Municipality 125 125 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35136 Kardzhali Nevestino ViK OOD Kardzhali 116 116 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
51442 Kardzhali Nenkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 129 129 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
53638 Kardzhali Opalchensko ViK OOD Kardzhali 937 937 1 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
53816 Kardzhali Oreshnitsa Kardzhali Municipality 168 168 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
54403 Kardzhali Ostrovitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 285 285 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
54479 Kardzhali Ohlyuvets ViK OOD Kardzhali 222 222 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55422 Kardzhali Panchevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 236 236 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55823 Kardzhali Penyovo Kardzhali Municipality 177 177 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55840 Kardzhali Pepelishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 270 270 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55885 Kardzhali Perperek ViK OOD Kardzhali 706 706 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
56054 Kardzhali Petlino ViK OOD Kardzhali 298 298 1 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
56928 Kardzhali Povet Kardzhali Municipality 101 101 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
58342 Kardzhali Prileptsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 317 317 1 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
58623 Kardzhali Propast ViK OOD Kardzhali 101 101 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
58997 Kardzhali Padartsi Kardzhali Municipality 78 78 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62195 Kardzhali Rani list ViK OOD Kardzhali 714 714 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62445 Kardzhali Rezbartsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 696 696 1 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62668 Kardzhali Ridovo Not serviced 15 15 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
63170 Kardzhali Rudina ViK OOD Kardzhali 173 173 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65512 Kardzhali Svatbare Kardzhali Municipality 60 60 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65890 Kardzhali Sevdalina Kardzhali Municipality 44 44 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65975 Kardzhali Sedlovina ViK OOD Kardzhali 295 295 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66336 Kardzhali Sestrinsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 96 96 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66603 Kardzhali Sipey ViK OOD Kardzhali 444 444 1 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66740 Kardzhali Skalishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 266 266 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66754 Kardzhali Skalna Glava ViK OOD Kardzhali 128 128 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66929 Kardzhali Skarbino ViK OOD Kardzhali 118 118 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
67742 Kardzhali Snezhinka Kardzhali Municipality 15 15 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
67979 Kardzhali Sokolsko Not serviced 6 6 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
67982 Kardzhali Sokolyane ViK OOD Kardzhali 266 266 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68014 Kardzhali Solishte ViK OOD Kardzhali 279 279 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68336 Kardzhali Sredinka ViK OOD Kardzhali 218 218 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68984 Kardzhali Staro Myasto Not serviced 5 5 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69612 Kardzhali Strazhevtsi Not serviced 43 43 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69715 Kardzhali Strahil Voyvoda ViK OOD Kardzhali 104 104 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69849 Kardzhali Stremovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 192 192 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
69852 Kardzhali Stremtsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 603 603 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
72120 Kardzhali Tatkovo Kardzhali Municipality 58 58 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
72802 Kardzhali Topolchane Not serviced 5 5 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
73136 Kardzhali Tri Mogili ViK OOD Kardzhali 315 315 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
77339 Kardzhali Hodzhovtsi Not serviced 29 29 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
78149 Kardzhali Tsarevets ViK OOD Kardzhali 223 223 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80248 Kardzhali Chegantsi Not serviced 19 19 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80594 Kardzhali Chereshitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 276 276 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80844 Kardzhali Cherna Skala Kardzhali Municipality 126 126 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81267 Kardzhali Chernyovtsi Kardzhali Municipality 91 91 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81362 Kardzhali Chilik ViK OOD Kardzhali 208 208 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81462 Kardzhali Chiflik ViK OOD Kardzhali 371 371 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
83315 Kardzhali Shiroko Pole ViK OOD Kardzhali 756 756 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
87494 Kardzhali Yarebitsa Not serviced 7 7 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
87672 Kardzhali Yastreb ViK OOD Kardzhali 354 354 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
00828 Momchilgrad Austa ViK OOD Kardzhali 206 206 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
02155 Momchilgrad Bagryanka ViK OOD Kardzhali 318 318 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
02292 Momchilgrad Balabanovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 110 110 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
04008 Momchilgrad Bivolyane Momchilgrad Municipality 180 180 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
12293 Momchilgrad Vrelo Momchilgrad Municipality 144 144 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
86030 Momchilgrad Varhari ViK OOD Kardzhali 140 140 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
17186 Momchilgrad Gorsko Dyulevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 83 83 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
17988 Momchilgrad Gruevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 715 728 0 5.310 18,348 728 Yes 100% No No
18126 Momchilgrad Gurgulitsa Momchilgrad Municipality 44 44 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24966 Momchilgrad Devintsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 129 129 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20755 Momchilgrad Dzhelepsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 213 213 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
23830 Momchilgrad Drumche Momchilgrad Municipality 24 24 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30154 Momchilgrad Zagorsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 149 149 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
30452 Momchilgrad Zvezdel ViK OOD Kardzhali 491 498 0 4.040 12,182 498 Yes 100% No No
03258 Momchilgrad Kamenets ViK OOD Kardzhali 34 34 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
36350 Momchilgrad Karamfil ViK OOD Kardzhali 301 301 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
38409 Momchilgrad Konche Momchilgrad Municipality 246 246 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 71
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
38697 Momchilgrad Kos Momchilgrad Municipality 104 104 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80131 Momchilgrad Kremenets Momchilgrad Municipality 40 40 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
43102 Momchilgrad Lale ViK OOD Kardzhali 250 250 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
43493 Momchilgrad Letovnik Momchilgrad Municipality 42 42 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
47144 Momchilgrad Manchevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 1 1 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
48917 Momchilgrad Momina Salza Momchilgrad Municipality 26 26 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
48996 Momchilgrad Momchilgrad ViK OOD Kardzhali 7,831 8,574 2 18.737 308,179 8,183 Yes 95% On-going No There is on-going project for WWTP.
51097 Momchilgrad Nanovitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 478 478 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
51473 Momchilgrad Neofit Bozvelievo ViK OOD Kardzhali 334 334 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
53076 Momchilgrad Obichnik Momchilgrad Municipality 19 19 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55169 Momchilgrad Pazartsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 171 171 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
56575 Momchilgrad Piyavets Momchilgrad Municipality 70 70 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
56767 Momchilgrad Pleshintsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 35 35 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
57892 Momchilgrad Postnik ViK OOD Kardzhali 231 231 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
59361 Momchilgrad Progres ViK OOD Kardzhali 312 323 0 - 3,418 323 Yes 100% No No
58757 Momchilgrad Ptichar ViK OOD Kardzhali 255 255 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
61063 Momchilgrad Raven ViK OOD Kardzhali 343 343 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
62147 Momchilgrad Ralitsa Momchilgrad Municipality 49 49 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65098 Momchilgrad Sadovitsa Not serviced 37 37 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65797 Momchilgrad Svoboda ViK OOD Kardzhali 114 114 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65944 Momchilgrad Sedefche ViK OOD Kardzhali 173 173 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65961 Momchilgrad Sedlari ViK OOD Kardzhali 192 192 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
70785 Momchilgrad Sentse Momchilgrad Municipality 36 36 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
66500 Momchilgrad Sindeltsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 311 311 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
67882 Momchilgrad Sokolino ViK OOD Kardzhali 455 462 0 - 11,581 462 Yes 100% No No
70706 Momchilgrad Syartsi Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
72134 Momchilgrad Tatul ViK OOD Kardzhali 97 97 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80087 Momchilgrad Chayka ViK OOD Kardzhali 230 230 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81517 Momchilgrad Chobanka Momchilgrad Municipality 267 267 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81548 Momchilgrad Chomakovo Momchilgrad Municipality 42 42 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81734 Momchilgrad Chukovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 191 191 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
86060 Momchilgrad Yunatsi Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
02261 Chernoochene Bakalite ViK OOD Kardzhali 91 91 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
03132 Chernoochene Bedrovo Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
03188 Chernoochene Bezvodno Not serviced 84 84 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
03410 Chernoochene Beli Vir ViK OOD Kardzhali 382 382 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
03986 Chernoochene Besnurka Not serviced 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
05089 Chernoochene Bozhurtsi ViK OOD Kardzhali 248 248 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
05640 Chernoochene Borovsko Not serviced 12 12 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
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February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 72
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
05712 Chernoochene Bosilitsa Not serviced 15 15 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
05791 Chernoochene Bostantsi Not serviced 86 86 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
07472 Chernoochene Barza Reka ViK OOD Kardzhali 50 50 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
10700 Chernoochene Versko Not serviced 46 46 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
11613 Chernoochene Vodach ViK OOD Kardzhali 311 311 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
11805 Chernoochene Vozhdovo Not serviced 87 87 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
11987 Chernoochene Voynovo Not serviced 12 12 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
12423 Chernoochene Vazel Not serviced 74 74 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
14221 Chernoochene Gabrovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 658 658 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
20167 Chernoochene Daskalovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 361 361 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
23114 Chernoochene Draganovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 172 172 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24219 Chernoochene Dushka ViK OOD Kardzhali 6 6 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
24774 Chernoochene Dyadovsko ViK OOD Kardzhali 392 392 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29132 Chernoochene Zheleznik Not serviced 249 249 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29252 Chernoochene Zhenda Not serviced 68 68 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
29461 Chernoochene Zhitnitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 248 248 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
34117 Chernoochene Yonchovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 148 148 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
35047 Chernoochene Kableshkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 204 204 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
36066 Chernoochene Kanyak ViK OOD Kardzhali 204 204 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
38176 Chernoochene Komuniga ViK OOD Kardzhali 1,184 1,184 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
38491 Chernoochene Kopitnik Not serviced 4 4 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
40796 Chernoochene Kutsovo Not serviced 6 6 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
44820 Chernoochene Lyaskovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 657 657 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
48307 Chernoochene Minzuhar ViK OOD Kardzhali 480 480 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
49326 Chernoochene Murga Not serviced 38 38 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
51192 Chernoochene Nebeska Not serviced 17 17 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
51994 Chernoochene Novi Pazar Chernoochene Municipality 282 282 0 - 0 282 Yes 100% No No
52153 Chernoochene Novoselishte Not serviced 89 89 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
52372 Chernoochene Nochevo Not serviced 88 88 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55395 Chernoochene Panichkovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 384 384 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55568 Chernoochene Patitsa ViK OOD Kardzhali 170 170 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
55960 Chernoochene Petelovo Not serviced 273 273 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
58731 Chernoochene Pryaporets ViK OOD Kardzhali 212 212 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
58829 Chernoochene Pchelarovo ViK OOD Kardzhali 142 142 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
63392 Chernoochene Rusalina Not serviced 6 6 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
65841 Chernoochene Svobodinovo Not serviced 175 175 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
67893 Chernoochene Sokolite Not serviced 60 60 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68415 Chernoochene Srednevo ViK OOD Kardzhali 193 193 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
68566 Chernoochene Sredska Not serviced 18 18 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 73
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ID Municipality Settlement Water supply & sewerage
operator Population
Population
equivalent
WWZ
code
[1]
Length of
the
sewerage
network
Total waste-
water
generated
Actual
pollution
load
collected
Sensitive
Area
Wastewater
connection rate Connection to a WWTP
Compliance with
UWWD
Comments (major deficiencies (if
different column 12 & 13), …)
- Name Name Name Number Number - km m3/year PE60 Yes/No % of total Yes/No/ Partial/ On-
going[2] Yes/No -
69657 Chernoochene Strazhnitsa Not serviced 157 157 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
80830 Chernoochene Cherna niva Not serviced 131 131 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
81236 Chernoochene Chernoochene ViK OOD Kardzhali 316 377 0 - 15,008 158 Yes 50% No No
87103 Chernoochene Yabalcheni ViK OOD Kardzhali 157 157 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
87165 Chernoochene Yavorovo Not serviced 160 160 0 0 0 0 Yes 0% No No
[1] “0” means that there is no wastewater collection for the settlement
[2] “Yes” means there is a connection to an operational WWTP. “No” means that currently there is no connection to a WWTP and no project on-going for a connection in the future. “Partial” means that only parts of the sewerage
network are connected. “On-going” means that a project has been “approved and financed” before the 15.07.2012 so the settlement is connected in the future.
[3] Not serviced – there is no sewerage network
[4] "-" means, that there is no data.
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 74
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. PROJECT FRAMEWORK
GENERAL FRAMEWORK AND POLICY CONTEXT 1.1.1.
Bulgaria, as member of the European Union (EU), is committed to improve
environmental quality in order to achieve compliance with the EU Acquis
Communautaire. In this respect, Bulgaria has adopted most of the Acquis in the field
of environmental protection. The fulfilment of the commitments made by Bulgaria in
the negotiation process for Chapter 22 – Environmental Protection, involves the
implementation of major investment projects in environmental infrastructure.
Before Bulgaria’s accession to EU, part of the funds needed for environmental
investments were available through different European programmes (i.e. PHARE,
ISPA, SAPARD) or through projects financed by International Financing Institutions
(IFIs) (like: EBRD, EIB, WB, etc.). After 1st of January 2007, Bulgaria has continued to
receive EU financial support from the Structural and Cohesion Funds (SCF).
In order to ensure an efficient absorption and use of EU funds, the Bulgarian Ministry
of Environment and Water (MoEW), as Managing Authority for the Operational
Programme (OP) “Environment”, prepared a strategic document for the programming
period 2007 – 2013 developed in line with the Community Strategic Guidelines (CSG);
the National Development Plan (NDP); the National Environmental Strategy 2005-
2014; the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF); the National Waste
Management Programme 2009-2013; the National Strategy for Management and
Development of the Water Sector 2004 – 2015; and the programmes for the
implementation of the requirements of different “heavy” directives, elaborated in 2003,
such as 91/271/ЕЕС concerning urban waste water treatment.
On the basis of the analysis of the current situation, the OP “Environment 2007-2013”
sets the country priority areas for the environmental sector to be implemented and
financed by the European Union through the Cohesion Fund and the European
Regional Development Fund. Priority axis 1 concerns the improvement and
development of water and wastewater infrastructure in settlements with over 2,000
population equivalent (PE) and in settlements below 2,000 PE within urban
agglomeration areas. The priority axis is based on the purpose of Council Directive
2000/60/EC laying down the framework for community activities related to water -
Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the purposes of Council Directive
91/271/EEC for urban waste water treatment.
During the negotiations under Chapter 22, two transitional periods have been
negotiated with regard to the implementation of the requirements of Directive
91/271/EEC, which are as follows:
• Till 31 December 2010 – for all agglomerations over 10,000 PE (85 no in
total);
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 75
• Till 31 December 2014 – for all agglomerations between 2,000 and 10,000 PE
(273 no in total).
This requires measures that include:
• Water supply: extension, reconstruction, modernization, NRW reduction
programmes, as well as construction of Drinking Water Treatment Plants
(DWTP), reservoirs.
• Sewerage: extension, reconstruction and modernization, as well as
construction of new sewerage systems including urban Waste Water
Treatment Plants (WWTP), septic tanks, soak ways.
According to the Report for Implementation of Directive 91/271/EEC by the end of
2010 issued by the MoEW, there is a delay in the fulfilment of the Directive
requirements for agglomerations above 10,000 PE. This imposes to give first priority
to the design and construction of sewerage networks and urban WWTP for
agglomerations over 10,000 PE.
Joining the EU in 2007, Bulgaria was urged to reform the water sector and adopt
stricter regulations and environmental standards. The European Commission
requested from Bulgarian an urgent action plan for reform in the water infrastructure
sector. As a result, the Ministry of Environment and Water prepared a strategy and
completed a map for the water supply and sewage sector development, in
coordination with other ministries, regional authorities, municipalities and ViK
operators for most efficient planning, management and operation of the water
infrastructure.
At present, the water operators providing water supply and sewerage services in the
country are state, municipal or mixed commercial companies, which face the
challenges of the reform launched in the water sector, and triggered by the need to
resolve the fragmented ownership of water assets. The reforms in the water sector
envisage that the ownership on water infrastructure should be public state and public
municipal, while the management of water supply and sewerage system should be
performed by the water supply and sewerage associations.
This Master Plan (MP) is the first important step giving the framework for the
development strategy of the municipalities in the water supply and sewerage sector for
the period 2014-2038. An identification of necessary investment measures to achieve
full compliance with relevant EU Directives and other objectives defined in the Terms
of Reference is given in the present document, as well as a prioritisation and phasing
of these measures in short, medium and long term. Special attention is paid to the
preparation of the short term investment programme intended to be financed by the
next Operational Programme “Environment 2014-2020”.
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PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF WORK 1.1.2.
The project objectives and scope of work below have been defined in accordance with
the Terms of Reference of the “Regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the
central region”.
The Government of Bulgaria has received a loan from the World Bank to implement a
Municipal Infrastructure Development Project. Its strategic aims are to
a) improve the reliability and quality of water provision to the communities in
selected settlements in the project area and
b) assist municipalities to improve investment-planning capacity.
These objectives are in line with Bulgaria’s National Strategy on Environment (2005-
2014), which pursues the following goal: “To provide good quality and sufficient
quantity of water for different purposes”.
There are three project components:
• Component 1: Project Implementation Support;
• Component 2: Technical assistance for Regional and Municipal Infrastructure
Development;
• Component 3: Completion and Rehabilitation of Dams.
This assignment covers Component 2 under which the project will support the
Strategy for Water Supply and Sewerage Management and Development in the
Republic of Bulgaria through the preparation of 24 Regional Master Plans for water
supply and sewerage systems for the designated territories in the Central region with
a planning horizon of 2038. According to a first assessment based on 2011 population
census and in compliance with the Terms of Reference for the project, the Master
Plans should focus on 143 settlements above 2,000 PE. Small settlements will be
taken into account at general level within the activity of the Water Supply and
Sewerage Companies (WSSCs) and the situation assessment. The plans will be the
first step for identification of priority investments for rehabilitation of existing facilities
and construction of new facilities for water supply and wastewater collection and
treatment needed to cover the requirements of the EU Directives concerning the
environment.
The present report aims to prepare a Master Plan for the water supply and sewerage
systems of the designated territory of the Water Operator i.e. ViK OOD - Kardzhali,
serving the Municipalities of Ardino, Dzhebel, Kirkovo, Krumovgrad, Kardzhali,
Momchilgrad, Chernoochene from Kardzhali District. The territory includes 471
settlements: 1 settlement with population above 10 000 inhabitants and 5 settlements
with population between 2 000 and 10 000 inhabitants.
Settlements with population above 2 000 inhabitants from the specified territory are
presented in the following table according to the “Report on the Application the
Requirements of EU Directive 91/271/EEC” issued by the MoEW.
In Appendix 2-2 are listed all settlements on the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali.
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Table 1-1 Settlements with population above 2 000 inhabitants serviced byViK OOD - Kardzhali
EKATTE Settlements with population above 2 000 inhabitants serviced
by ViK OOD - Kardzhali Population 2011
40909 Kardzhali 43,880
48996 Momchilgrad 7,831
39970 Krumovgrad 5,070
00607 Ardino 3,493
20746 Dzhebel 3,093
03825 Benkovski 2,121
Total (with population above 2000 inhabitants) 65,488
Total population serviced by the WSS operator 135,274
Total population in Kardzhali District 152,808
Source: NSI
The Master Plan has the following objectives:
• Assess the current state of water and wastewater systems;
• Enable the preparation of feasibility studies for individual investment projects;
• Ensure compliance with the Environmental Acquis and all current EU
directives, in particular the Water Framework Directive and the Urban
Wastewater Directive within the committed deadlines;
• Ensure efficient use of water resources;
• Facilitate co-financing from EU grants (Cohesion Fund);
• Build capacity for project preparation at regional/local level;
• Define short (2014-2020), medium (15 years horizon) and long term (25
years) investment programmes;
• Serve as a basis for environmentally sound water projects.
In particular, regarding the water supply sector, the Master Plan aims:
• To supply the population with drinking water of good quality, in sufficient
quantity;
• To reduce water losses in water supply systems;
• To increase equipment energy efficiency;
• To increase the population connected to the water supply network;
• To decrease operation and maintenance costs;
Regarding the sewerage sector, the Master Plan aims:
• To reduce the direct discharge of untreated wastewater through the
construction of WWTP covering the requirements of Directive 91/271/EEC
and Bulgarian legislation;
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• To optimize the operation of WWTP through infiltration reduction in sewerage
networks and other improvements;
• To increase the population served by sewerage networks;
• To increase the proportion of the population for which waste water undergoes
complete purification.
• To provide efficient sludge management;
• To decrease operation and maintenance costs;
The project has the following scope of the services:
1) Data collection and review, including:
• General, socio-economic and technical indicators for the last three years from
official publications;
• Establishment of a unit costs database from previous projects and available
sources (e.g.: MoEW) to assess the costs of proposed investment projects;
2) Assessment of existing situation and needs of the water supply and sewerage
system, with detailed evaluation for:
• Water resources, including all surface and ground water resources for potable
water supply, water catchment areas and the main characteristics of rivers
and dams;
• Water pollution, including all major polluters, volume of wastewaters
discharged, pollution loads and evaluation of the impact on surface and
ground water;
• Condition of existing main water supply systems including water intakes,
water treatment plants, transmission mains, raw and treated water reservoirs,
pumping stations;
• Condition of existing water distribution network including the networks of
settlements with more than 2000 inhabitants and areas with disturbed water
supply, based on existing data including age, pipe material and diameters,
records of leak detection and repairs and existing studies;
• Condition of existing sewerage network with focus on structural condition,
hydraulic capacity and energy efficiency, based on existing data and studies
for the drainage area and visual inspections of pumping stations, storm water
overflows and other assets.
• Condition of existing wastewater treatment in terms of capacity, structural
condition, energy efficiency and compliance with the conditions set in the
discharge consents, based on existing data and studies, and visual
inspections, as well as, assessment of sludge handling and disposal.
• Condition of industrial wastewaters describing present industries discharging
effluents.
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3) Priorities for water and sewerage system development to achieve compliance with
the EU Directives and Environmental Acquis including:
• Proposed Basic Design Criteria based on data analysis, Bulgarian regulations
requirements and best European practices.
• Options for water supply and sewerage system development such as
rehabilitation of existing facilities, system rationalization, construction of new
facilities.
4) Socioeconomic forecast including macroeconomic prospective, demographic
forecast, household income forecast and economic activities forecast with a
planning horizon of 2035. Three scenarios will be developed: optimistic,
pessimistic and balanced.
5) Macro-affordability assessment and financing capacity for different scopes of the
investment programmes, under different amounts and investment phasing and
other related costs within the planning period.
6) Short term program (2014-2020), medium term program (2021-2028), and long-
term program (2029-2038) investment programmes including priority measures, a
timeframe for their implementation and indicative investment costs.
7) Environmental Assessment including environmental screening for proposed
investment impacts and, if necessary, a full Environmental Impact Assessment
report.
8) Public Consultation, assisting the client in organizing and carrying out
consultations with the stakeholders, the public, interested institutions and other
persons that might be affected by the Master Plan during the different stages of
preparation.
9) Review of all the settlement in the territory of the WSSC with general water supply
and sewerage data for each of them.
PROJECT LEGAL BACKGROUND 1.1.3.
The Managing Authority for the project is the Ministry of Regional Development and
Public Works (MRDPW). It has contracted the Consortium consisting of the
international consultancy companies Seureca (part of Veolia Environment), SCE,
Hidroproekt - Sofia and Arcadia Engineering to prepare the Regional Master Plans for
Central region of Bulgaria. The contract agreement was signed on 8th December
2011. The project commenced on 27th December 2011 and will be implemented over
a period of 18 months. The project is funded through a loan from the World Bank
No.7834-BG, Ref. MIDP-MP-QCBS2.
OTHER RELEVANT PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS 1.1.4.
The municipalities of Ardino, Dzhebel, Kirkovo, Krumovgrad, Kardzhali, Momchilgrad
and Chernoochene from Kardzhali District carries out a successful policy in the field of
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environment. Municipal priorities correspond to the national which are defined in
National Regional Development Strategy (NRDS). The priorities include the
implementation of measures to achieve specific goals covering the planned
construction, rehabilitation and modernization of municipal infrastructures
Strategic goals defined by the municipalities:
• Planned provision of urbanised territories;
• Maintenance and development of transport infrastructure;
• Rehabilitation and modernization of technical infrastructure;
• Improvement of environmental infrastructure;
• Development and improvement of living environment;
Goals are directly related to the specific objectives of the second and fourth priorities
of National Regional Development Strategy (NRDS). They are natural continuation of
the aim to improve technical infrastructure in the region and the state of the
environment. Implementation of the targets will lead to modernization of municipal
technical infrastructures, renovation of the urbanised environment and improvement of
the state of the environmental components.
For achieving this goal the Municipality applies under the following project funding
schemes:
• Priority axis 1 of OP Environment 2007-2013: „Improvement and development
of water and wastewater infrastructure” under Procedure Reference №:
BG161PO005/08/1.10/02, for financing from the Cohesion Fund 2007-2013;
• Priority axis 1 of OP Environment 2007-2013: “Improvement and development
of water and wastewater infrastructure in agglomerations with over 10,000
PE” under Procedure Reference №: BG161PO005/10/1.11/02/16, for
financing from the Cohesion Fund 2007-2013.
• Priority axis 1 of OP Environment 2007-2013: „Preparation and
implementation of projects for improvement and development of water and
wastewater infrastructure in agglomerations with over 10,000 PE “under
Procedure Reference №: BG161PO005/10/1.11/03/19, for financing from the
Cohesion Fund 2007-2013.
• Rural areas development programme 2007-2013. Measure 321 – Main
services provided to the population and companies in the rural areas.
The table below mentions the on-going projects conducted on the territory of ViK OOD
– Kardzhali (see Appendix 1-1 for details on the main objectives and expected results
and see section 3.8 for more details on pending projects):
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Table 1-2 On-going projects in the municipalities on the territory of ViK OOD - Kardzhali
Municipality Project Value
(BGN)
Commencement
date
Completion
date
Kardzhali
"Integrated water project for Kardzhali: Construction
of WWTP and intercepting collector, extension and
reconstruction of the water supply and sewerage
networks
67,870,978 18.01.2013 18.07.2015
Momchilgrad
"Reconstruction, modernisation and completion of
water supply and sewerage network and
construction of WWTP in the town of Momchilgrad"
24,835,763 10.10.2012 10.06.2015
REPORT STRUCTURE 1.1.5.
The Master Plan provides an overview of the existing situation, such as the socio-
economic and institutional framework as well as the current service levels of existing
water and wastewater facilities. Investigations, measurements and analysis were
made for the identification of future water demand and wastewater flows and
characteristics in order to define the realistic needs of the population in the water
sector.
The Master Plan structure is as follows:
0) Executive Summary
1) Introduction (presentation of the general scope of study, project framework , policy
context, goals and general objectives, legal background, other relevant projects,
report structure, institutional and regulatory framework, stakeholders, legal
aspects of funding opportunities etc.)
2) Data Collection and Review (description of project area, natural features, socio-
economic features, water and wastewater services).
3) Assessment of the existing situation and needs for water supply and sewerage
(water resources, water consumption, water sources pollution, existing water and
wastewater infrastructure facilities and current performances in towns and rural
areas, sufficiency of data and conclusions regarding current deficiencies and
database definition for projection)
4) Priorities for water and wastewater infrastructure development to achieve
compliance with EU Directives and Environmental Acquis (methodologies and
assumptions, options for water supply and sewerage systems development),
based on the analysis carried out in chapter 3 and the projections made in chapter
5
5) Socio-economic forecasts and macro-affordability assessment (socio-economic
projections, water demand forecasts, projected wastewater flow and assessment
of the investment programmes (detailed in chapter 6) macro-affordability)
6) Short, medium and long term Investment programmes to meet water and
wastewater development targets (key performance indicators, list of priority
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investment measures, timeframe for their implementation and indicative
investment costs), based on the methodology and option analysis made in chapter
4)
7) Environmental Assessment
8) Public consultations
Annexes (general and specific annexes for the chapters) including maps and
drawings.
1.2. INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 1.2.1.
The main responsibilities for water management and water supply and sewerage are
shared among the following institutions:
The Ministry of Regional Development and Public Works is responsible for the
overall policy related to the design, construction and operation of water supply and
sewerage systems in the country. The Minister represents the state in water supply
and sewerage companies with over 50% state share. The Ministry also coordinates
water association activities and provides methodological guidance on the preparation
of the water supply and sewerage Master Plans.
The Ministry of Environment and Water (MoEW) is responsible for the management
and the distribution of water resources at the national level. The Minister issues the
permits for water-taking of mineral water – exclusive state property. The MoEW is also
responsible for environmental protection and the implementation of the Operational
Program Environment, under which water and wastewater infrastructure is funded.
The Council of Ministers defines the state policy in the water supply and sewerage
sector as part of the country's water policy and the National strategy for development
and management of the water sector in Bulgaria. The Council of Ministers approves a
Strategy for development and management of the water supply and sewerage sector
in Bulgaria for a period of at least 10 years. The strategy defines the main objectives,
priorities, stages and necessary resources and sources of funding for the construction
and development of water supply and sewerage systems and for improvement of
water supply and sewerage service quality. The policy in the water sector is
implemented by: 1. The Minister of Regional Development and Public Works, 2.
Municipal councils and mayors of municipalities.
The Ministry of Health is responsible for the control on the quality of water intended
for drinking and household needs, the quality of mineral water intended for drinking or
used for prophylactic, therapeutic and hygienic purposes, including bottled mineral
water in the commercial network and the quality of water intended for bathing.
Basin Directorates undertake water management at the basin level. There are four
basin directorates: (i) Danube Basin Directorate – Pleven, (ii) Black Sea Basin
Directorate – Varna, (iii) West Aegean Basin Directorate – Blagoevgrad and (iv) East
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Aegean Basin Directorate – Plovdiv. Directorates develop River Basin Management
Plans and Flood Risks Management Plans. They are also responsible for issuing
permits for water use and abstraction, for controlling the compliance with the
parameters set in these permits, for controlling the activities in river beds, and for
water quantity and quality monitoring. Their management of water is based on basin
principles.
Water Associations are non-profit legal entities. They manage water supply and
sewerage systems within the boundaries of a designated territory in the cases where
water supply and sewerage system ownership is divided either between the state and
one or more municipalities or among several municipalities. If the WSSC system,
which falls within the specified territory, is the property of a single municipality, the
management is performed by the municipal council.
The governing bodies of a Water Association include a General Assembly, which
consists of representatives of the state (District Governor), and the municipality(ies),
with the district governor being the chairman. In the cases where the state and more
than one municipality participate in the Water Association, the state is entitled to 35
per cent of the votes, and the other 65 per cent of the votes are allocated among all
municipalities in proportion to their population. The funds necessary for the Water
Associations operation are provided by the state and municipalities according to the
proportion of their voices.
Regarding the Water Act, Water Associations are responsible for the preparation of
the regional Master Plans and the investment programmes attached to the plans.
Assignment and approval of these specific Master Plans is made by the MRDPW. The
regional Master Plans are accepted and approved by the MRDPW only after they are
endorsed by the respective Water Association or Municipal Council.
Water supply and sewerage companies (WSSC) (referred to as ViK, VKS, VKTV or
INFRASTROI in the Central Region) are responsible for the operation, management
and maintenance of water supply and sewerage facilities in the settlements as well as
the provision of water supply and sewerage services to consumers. A WSSC is a
commercial, state or municipal company – a legal entity, which has signed a contract
with the chairman of the corresponding Water Association or with the mayor of the
respective municipality. The term of the contract with a WSSC, signed in accordance
with the Water Act, cannot be longer than 10 years, provided that it does not include
an obligation for the WSSC to build new water and sewerage infrastructure; or 15
years, if it obliges the WSSC to undertake construction of new infrastructure. In all
other cases, the procedure and selection of a water operator as well as the signature
of the contract is carried out in accordance with the Concession Act.
Municipalities are direct beneficiaries of the OP "Environment". The mayor of a
municipality develops and implements the policies related to planning, management,
construction, reconstruction and modernization of water supply and sewerage
networks and facilities that are municipal property.
Municipal councils control the municipal participation in water supply and sewerage
companies (in those companies, in which the municipalities have shares). They also
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approve municipal development plans and mayor’s statements regarding the business
plans developed by WSSCs.
The State Energy and Water Regulatory Commission (SEWRC ) is responsible for
regulating the tariffs, affordability and quality of water supply and sewerage services
under the Water Supply and Sewerage Services Regulation Act.
The Environmental Executive Agency under the Minister of Environment and Water
guides the National environmental monitoring system.
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 1.2.2.
Regulatory framework in Bulgaria 1.2.2.1.
The regulatory framework in Bulgaria includes the following acts, laws and policies
(see Appendix 1-2 for more details):
• The Water Act (WA): The WA (SG 67/27.07.1999; last proposal for
amendment April 2012) is the main legal act in Bulgaria that sets out the
relations in the management of water as a nation-wide natural resource.
• New Draft Water Law: Draft Law on amendment and supplements to the
Water Act, which has been prepared in April 2012.
• Draft National strategy on management and developme nt of the water
sector : It has been elaborated according to the requirements of art. 151 of the
WA.
• Environmental Protection Act (EPA): The EPA (SG 91/25.09.2002) is the
basic act concerning all environmental components – air, water, soils, ground,
landscape, natural sites, biodiversity and their interrelation.
Other relevant policies and regulations are:
• State policy for protection of the environment
• The Regulation of Water Supply and Sewerage Services Act (RWSSSA)
Regulatory framework in the European 1.2.2.2.
Community
The main Directives of the European Union concerning the water and wastewater
sector are listed below (see Appendix 1-3 for more details):
• The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC establishing a legal framework to
protect and restore clean water across Europe and ensuring its long-term,
sustainable use.
• Directive 91/271/EEC on urban waste-water treatment
• Directive 75/440/ЕЕС concerning surface water used or intended for the
abstraction of drinking water
• Directive 2006/118/ЕС concerning the protection of groundwater from
pollution and worsening
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• Directive 2006/7/ЕС concerning the quality of bathing water
• Directive 1975/ЕС concerning the bathing waters quality
• Directive 98/83/ЕС concerning the quality of water intended for human
consumption
• Directive 2006/44/ЕО on the quality of fresh waters needing protection or
improvement in order to support fish life and Directive 2006/113/ЕО on the
quality required of shellfish waters
• Directive 91/676/ЕЕС concerning the protection of waters against pollution
caused by nitrates from agricultural sources
• Directive 80/68/ЕЕС on the protection of groundwater against pollution
caused by certain dangerous substances
• Directive 2006/11/ЕС on water pollution caused by certain dangerous
substances discharged into the aquatic environment of the Community and
seven daughter Directives
• Directive 85/337/ЕЕС on Environmental Impact Assessment
• Directive 2004/35/ЕО on environmental liability with regard to the prevention
and remedying of environmental damages
• Directive 90/313/ЕЕС repealed by Directive 2003/4/ЕС on public access to
environmental information
• Directive 2001/42/ЕС on environmental impact assessment of certain plans
and programmes
• Directive 80/777/EC on rapprochement of member states legislations
concerning exploitation and selling of natural mineral waters
• Directive 2003/40/EC on making list, concentration limits and requirements for
show-cards about the natural mineral waters components and conditions for
the use of ozone treated air on natural mineral and sources waters
• Directive 2008/56/EC on EC action framework creation for the maritime
environment policy
• Directive 2007/60/EC on evaluation and management of flood’ risk
• Directive 92/43/EEC on protection of natural habitations and wild flora and
fauna
• Directive 2009/90/EC on determination according to Directive 2000/60/EC of
technical specifications for chemical analysis and monitoring of water status
• Directive 86/278/EEC on environment protection and especially of earth after
using sludge from waste water treatment in agriculture
• IPPC Directive 2008/1/EC ("Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control")
aims to achieve a high level of protection of the environment through
prevention and reduction of integrated pollution from a wide range of industrial
and agricultural activities. It is the codified version of Directive 96/61/EC of 24
September 1996. The IPPC Directive will gradually be replaced by Directive
2010/75/EU on industrial emissions directive called IED. This new directive
brings together in a single text seven separate directives on industrial
emissions. IED Directive came into force January 6, 2011 and must be
transposed by January 7, 2013
• Directive 2008/98/EC of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain
Directives is the relevant Solid Waste Directive mentioned thereafter
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International agreements and 1.2.2.3.
conventions
The international agreements and conventions in the field of water management and
those with water reference in the field of environment protection are:
• Convention for Cooperation for Protection and Sustainable Use of Danube
River, ratified in 1999 (SG, no 30 of 1999), enforced on 6.04.1999
• Convention for Protection of Black Sea against Pollution, ratified in 1992 (SG,
no 99 of 1992), enforced on 15.01.1994
• Convention for Protection and Use of Cross border Water Streams and the
International Lakes, ratified in 2003 (SG, no 86 of 2003), enforced on
26.01.2004
• Convention for Wetlands of International Importance, especially as habitats for
water birds (Ramsar Convention), ratified in 1974, enforced on 24.01.1976
• Convention for Environmental Impact Assessment in Cross Border Context,
ratified in 1995 (SG, no 28 of 1995), enforced on 10.09.1997
• Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Bulgaria in
relation to the participation of the Republic of Bulgaria in the European
Environmental Agency and the European Network for Information and
Monitoring, ratified in 2000
STAKEHOLDERS 1.2.3.
The main stakeholders and their role in the project are summarized in the following
table:
Table 1-3 Main stakeholders involved in preparation of the Regional Master Plans
Stakeholder Role
Ministry of Regional
Development and Public
Works (MRDPW)
MRDPW drives the preparation of the Regional Water Supply and
Sewerage Master Plans and approves them. It is also responsible for
coordinating the management of water supply and sewerage systems at
national level. The ministry functions as the principal in the 100% state-
owned and the jointly owned WSSCs. It also coordinates the activities of
water associations and provides methodological guidance on the
preparation of the water supply and sewerage Master Plans.
Changes in the new Strategy:
• MRDPW shall prepare and maintain a National Register of water
infrastructure, including owners and operators of facilities;
• MRDPW elaborates an Integrated Plan for Water Infrastructure
• MRDPW manages facilities – state property in the water sector
Ministry of Environment
and Water (MoEW):
The MoEW is responsible for environmental protection and the
implementation of the Operational Program "Environment", under which
water and wastewater infrastructure, included in the investment program
projects, will be funded. MoEW is involved in the approval of the
Regional Master Plans.
Ministry of Economy,
Energy and Tourism
Changes in the new Strategy:
• Management of all dams, used for drinking water and hydro-
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Stakeholder Role
(MEET) energy purposes
• Control of the technical condition of dams and micro dams by
“Dams and cascades” enterprise
Ministry of Agriculture and
Foods
Changes in the new Strategy:
• Management of all dams in public state ownership not managed
by the Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism, signing
contract for maintenance and monitoring with the operator for
irrigation systems
Ministry of Health Responsible for monitoring drinking water quality. Gets information on
problems related to water quality.
Ministry of Labour and
Social Policy
Changes in the new Strategy:
• Creation of a new program “Water Assistance” which aims at
helping the population with low revenues to pay the water
service fees.
ViK OOD – Kardzhali ViK OOD – Kardzhali provides water supply and sewerage services
within the designated territory of the Municipalities of Ardino, Dzhebel,
Kirkovo, Krumovgrad, Kardzhali, Momchilgrad and Chernoochene.
Operates and maintains water supply systems and facilities. Supplies
data concerning the project. Involved in the preparation of Business
Plans, including tariffs. It is also the project beneficiary.
Municipalities of Ardino,
Dzhebel, Kirkovo,
Krumovgrad, Kardzhali,
Momchilgrad and
Chernoochene
Formulates and implements the water sector policy at local level.
Responsible for the investments in the WSS sector on the territory of the
Municipality. It is a direct beneficiary of OPE. It is involved in the
preparation of Municipal Development Plans and in the approval of the
project Master Plans.
Water Association
Non-profit legal entity, which plays the role of a union of the owners of
water supply and sewerage systems. Management of water supply and
sewerage systems within the designated territory. Responsible for the
preparation of the regional Master Plans and the investment programmes
related to the plans. Kardzhali Water Association is established on 3rd
May, 2011 and the chairman of the association is the District Governor of
Kardzhali District.
State Energy and Water
Regulatory Commission
(SEWRC)
Responsible for the regulation of water tariffs, affordability and the quality
of water supply and sewerage services under the Water Supply and
Sewerage Services Regulation Act. It also approves the Business Plans
of the WSSCs.
Changes in the new Strategy:
• Prices regulation not only in the water sector but also in the
“Hydro-energy” and “Hydro-melioration” sectors. Defining the
price level, taking into account the necessity for implementation
of priority investments by the owners of the facilities.
Basin Directorate for East
Aegean Sea Region –
Plovdiv
Responsible for the management of surface water, groundwater and
other water resources, which are state property. Provides database with
maps, GIS data, water quality and quantity. Conducts water monitoring.
Grants permits for discharge and water intakes.
Regional Inspectorate of Responsible for Environmental Impact Assessments. Advices on
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Stakeholder Role
Environment and Water
(RIEW) – Haskovo
Environmental Impact Assessments. Approval of EIA screening report.
European Commission Approval of the Master Plans. Financing of projects included in the
investment programmes through EU funds.
World Bank Financing the projects and Regional Master Plans
Kardzhali Regional Health
Inspectorate
Kardzhali RHI is an administrative structure of the Ministry of Health,
which is responsible for the organisation and implementation of the state
health policy on the territory of Kardzhali District. RHI develops and
participates in the implementation of regional programmes and projects
in the field of health control; collects and summarizes information about
the quality of drinking water in the region.
REGULATION OF WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE SERVICES 1.2.4.
PROVISION
The service performance of water companies is managed at national level, basin level,
regional, and municipal level. The regulation at each level is performed by the
authorities as described in the table below.
Table 1-4 Regulation of Water Supply and Sewerage Services Provision
Level of
Regulation Authorities involved Role of Regulating Authorities
National level
The Ministry of Regional
Development and Public
Works
Implements the state policy pertinent to operation,
construction, rehabilitation and modernization of
water systems and facilities
Basin level Basin Directorates
Develop river basin development plans, and programs
for measures for improving, protecting and
maintaining the state of waters
Regional
level
Regional Environmental and
Water Inspectorates
Regional governors
Environmental and water protection
Municipal
level
Mayor
Implements the policies pertinent to activities involving
operation, construction, rehabilitation and
modernization of water systems and facilities –
municipal property
Municipal councils
Implement the rights of the sole-owner in the
RWSSCs, solely owned by the municipalities or the
rights of the shareholder in the RWSSCs, jointly
owned by the state and the municipalities.
The service performance regulation is performed at two levels – external and internal.
The external regulation is performed by the State Energy and Water Regulatory
Commission. The regulation principles are set in the Ordinance on the long-term, the
conditions and the order for the annual target levels of the indicators of water supply
and sewerage services quality. The internal regulation is performed by the company
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stakeholders through the general principles set in the Commercial Act, the Regulation
on the Order for Execution of the Rights of the State in the Commercial Companies
with State Share in the Capital, the company’s Constitutive act and the contract for
management assignment.
The Water Supply and Sewerage Services Regulation Act establishes the legal
framework for the regulation of prices, accessibility and quality of water-supply and
sewerage services provided by the water supply and sewerage companies.
The prices and quality of water supply and sewerage services are regulated by the
State Energy and Water Regulatory Commission (SEWRC ), regardless of the
forms of ownership and management of water supply and sewerage systems. The
Commission is guided by the following principles:
1) Ensuring conditions for provision of universal access and social affordability of
water supply and sewerage services;
2) Prevention of abuse of dominant position;
3) Protection of consumer interests;
4) Economic justification of water supply and sewerage services prices;
5) Taking into consideration the needs of consumers placed at a disadvantage
for geographic, ground or other reasons;
6) Creation of conditions for water and sewerage operators to operate and
maintain the system and to make investments upon reduction of operating
costs;
7) Encouragement of expedient and effective planning of investments in time;
8) Speed and procedural economy of proceedings before the Commission;
9) Encouragement of reduction of water losses, efficient and economic use by
consumers of the water quantities delivered;
10) Environmental protection;
11) Creation of conditions for attraction of resources for investment and
participation of the private sector in the provision of water-supply and
sewerage services;
12) Encouragement of introduction of modern technical methods and
achievements in the provision of water-supply and sewerage services.
SEWRC measures and assesses the quality of water supply and sewerage services
by means of the following quality indicators:
1) Coverage rate of water supply services;
2) Drinking water quality;
3) Non-interruption of water supply (uninterrupted water delivery and duration of
disruptions);
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4) Total water losses in the water-supply systems and time limits for the
reduction thereof;
5) Water supply system breakdowns;
6) Water supply system pressure;
7) Sewerage service coverage rate;
8) Raw wastewater and treated wastewater quality;
9) Sewerage system breakdowns;
10) Flooding of third party corporeal immovable caused by the sewerage system;
11) Operational indicators of efficiency;
12) Financial indicators of efficiency;
13) Time limit for reaction to written complaints by consumers;
14) Time limit for connecting new consumers with the water supply and sewerage
systems;
15) Staff size in proportion to the number of consumers serviced.
The Commission regulates prices by setting an upper limit for prices or for revenues
and a rate of return. Price regulation methods, pricing rules reflecting the structure of
costs, the procedure for price proposal submission and for the endorsement thereof,
as well as the procedure for disclosure of information, are determined by an ordinance
adopted by the Council of Ministers on a motion by the Commission. WSSCs submit
the prices formed according to this ordinance to the Commission for endorsement.
The prices proposed by the WSSCs may not be higher than the prices endorsed by
the Commission. The tariff is proposed for each planning period. The application must
be submitted not later than four months before expiration of the old price period or the
coming into force of the proposed approval or change of the approved price.
LEGAL ASPECTS OF FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES 1.2.5.
After amendments were made to the Water Act in 2009, it was decided that the
ownership of the former state and municipal water companies would be removed from
their assets and become public state and public municipal property to be managed by
water associations. The purpose of the change was to encourage the utilization of
funds under Operational Program "Environment" and to use EU funds for renovation
of the water infrastructure. The upgrade and construction of water and wastewater
treatment infrastructure is set as Priority 1 of OP "Environment". 71.3 % of the total
financial package or nearly EUR 1.3 billion has been allocated to this priority for the
period 2007-2013. 80 % of this amount, i.e. EUR 1.03 billion is provided by the
Cohesion Fund of the EU and the remaining amount – by the national budget. Funding
for the water sector is also provided under the National Plan for Rural Development
(EUR 600 million), the Regional Development Operational Programme (EUR 150
million), the pre-accession programme ISPA (unallocated funding for 2007-2010 to the
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amount of EUR 300 million), the World Bank (over EUR 100 million). The projected
investments from the private sector are expected to amount to EUR 2 billion.
When one or more municipalities apply for European Union funds for reconstruction
and modernization of water supply and sewerage facilities - public state property, they
make a request to the Minister of Regional Development and Public Works for a
change of the facility ownership, indicating the program, the name of the procedure by
which proposals will be submitted and the deadline for their submission, if such is
defined. The Minister of Regional Development and Public Works, within one-month
period from the submission of the request, submits a draft decision to the Council of
Ministers for a change of the facility ownership from public state to public municipal.
By decision of the Council of Ministers the ownership of the facility is granted to the
municipalities, provided that it is reconstructed or modernized in whole or in part with
funds received under programs financed by European Union funds.
The municipal budget is the main financial plan of a municipality for a fiscal year and
its framework must be robust and adaptable, allowing the municipality to accumulate
substantial resources in support of its municipal priorities and initiatives. Since 2003,
municipal budgets are drawn up and implemented under the conditions of fiscal
decentralization. The division of expenditure responsibilities between the state and
municipalities increased the responsibilities of the municipalities for determining their
own revenue, which is the main source of funding of municipal activities. Municipal
budgets are developed in accordance with Art. 11 of the Municipal Budgets Act, the
State Budget Act of the Republic of Bulgaria, Decision № 937/08.12.2009 of the
Council of Ministers, and the local regulations in force, adopted by decisions of the
local Municipal Council.
The strategic development plan of a municipality is the main document determining
the strategic objectives and priorities of the municipal policy, developed in accordance
with the requirements of the Law on Regional Development and the National Strategy
for Regional Development of the Republic of Bulgaria for the period 2005-2015. The
plan is the starting point for directing the efforts of the municipal management and all
interested parties in the municipality to reach the objectives of that development and
turn the strategic planning into a main instrument for the development of the
municipality.
The Municipalities allocate the reported and expected capital expenditures in their
annual budgets by indicating in the sources of finance without the required additional
external financing. Capital expenditures are financed by three lines – from the budget
of the municipality, a targeted subsidy from the state budget and external financing -
borrowed funds for projects.
Generally, the expenses planned for capital investments are insufficient and cannot
provide adequate financing of water sector projects. In all cases, external financing in
the form of loan capital is required in order to ensure own funding and to cover the
need for working funds within the project implementation period.
The expected revenue in the budget of the Municipality of Kardzhali for 2013 amount
to EUR 20 415 884,81 (BGN 39 930 000). Main part of the revenue is formed of state
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transfers for financing activities delegated by the state amounting to EUR 10 265
120,69 (BGN 20 076 83). Investment programme /without secondary contractors/
amounting to EUR 3 361 588,17 (BGN 6 574 695), with funds allocates for
constructing sites on the territory of the municipality and for major repairs. The funds
for realizing the investment programme are provided from:
• Target subsidy for capital expenditures to the amount of EUR 677 001,58
(BGN 1 324 100), of which EUR 309 996,27 (BGN 606 300) are allocated for
major repairs and construction of municipal roads;
• Own revenue to the amount of EUR 1 533 875,64 (BGN 3 000 000)
For 2013 expected capital expenditures for the Municipality of Momchilgrad amount
to EUR 553 301,16 (BGN 1 082 163). About 33% (EUR 180176,19) of the envisaged
investments should be provided by own funds. The remainder of the investment
programme amounting to EUR 330 652,46 is provided by target subsidy from the
central budget and other sources. The projects planned for realization in the WSS
sector amount to EUR 88162,06 (BGN 172 430) or about 16% of the funds envisaged
for capital expenditure. The projects planned in the sector divided by source of funding
are presented in the following table:
Table 1-5 Envisaged expenditure in the water sector of the Municipality of Momchilgrad for 2013 in
BGN
Name of the sites
Subsidy from
the Republic of
Bulgaria
Own budget
funds Other
Construction supervision and investment control for site
„Reconstruction of water supply network Karamfil –
Zvezdel (1st stage pressure pipelines) – sub-site:
Pressure pipelines PS 2nd lift
452
Water supply of the village of Sadovitsa – complex report
for compatibility assessment of the project with the
essential requirements to constructions
1,800
Water supply of the village of Vryalo – excavation works
for a pipeline and construction of dry chamber and repair
of the existing reservoir
4,762 9,360
Update of the preliminary design of urban WWTP, town of
Momchilgrad 2,400
Co-financing under OP Environment 2007-2013 "Grant
Contract №DIR 51011116-СО49/10.10.2012
"Reconstruction, modernization and completion of the
WSS network and construction of urban WWTP in the
town of Momchilgrad
153,656
Total amount by sources 4,200 5,214 163,016
The expected revenue in the budget of the Municipality of Kirkovo for 2013 amounts to
EUR 5 541 510,25 (BGN 10 838 252). Main part of it formed of activities delegated by
the state amounting to EUR 3 525 550,28 (BGN 6 895 377), local activities and co-
financing of activities delegated by the state amounting to EUR 2 015 959,98 (BGN 3
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942 875), target subsidy for capital expenditures to the amount of EUR 576021,43
(BGN 1 126 600), incl. EUR 365 113,53 (BGN 714 100) for major repairs of local
municipal roads. Total capital expenditures amount to EUR 800 023,01 (BGN 1 564
709,00), main part of which is envisaged for improving the transport infrastructure. For
the water sector are envisaged total of EUR 57 123,57 (BGN 111 724,00) for the
implementation of 6 projects, as follows:
� Major repair of pipeline village of Kozlevo – km. Maglene;
� Trepetlika water supply;
� Construction of water tank, village of Hadzhiisko;
� Design of water tank, village of Hadzhiisko;
� Water supply of Starovo – Slivovitsa neighbourhood;
� Project design for the water supply of the village of Dzherovo.
The budget framework for the Municipality of Chernoochene for 2013 amounts to EUR
2 673 598,42 (BGN 5 229 104). Planned capital expenditure amounts to EUR 816
775,49 (BGN 1 597 474). Target subsidy for capital expenditure from the state budget
forms 40,67% of the planned investment costs, with more than 60% (EUR 200 988,84)
being envisaged for construction and maintenance of road infrastructure. For the WSS
sector the investments amount EUR 122 747,89 (BGN 240 074) or approximately 15%
of the total amount of capital expenditure for 2013.
The main part of the budget of the Municipality of Krumovgrad for 2013 is formed by
target subsidy from the state budget amounting to EUR 4 340 254,52 (BGN 8 488
800,00). About 70% of the funds from the general subsidy for activities delegated by
the state amount to EUR 3 024 342,61 (BGN 5 915 100,00). Target funds for capital
expenditure are 12,6% or EUR 546 008,60 (BGN 1 067 900,00), and the main party is
allocated for major repairs and construction of municipal roads. No serious
investments are envisaged in the water sector for 2013.
The budget of the Municipality of Ardino for 2013 amounts to EUR 3 243 318,18 (BGN
6 343 379), EUR 519 268,03 (BGN 1 015 600) of which are envisaged for capital
expenditure. Target subsidy from the state budget amounts to EUR 141 372,21 (BGN
276 500), and the main party is allocated for major repairs and construction of
municipal roads. No serious investments are envisaged in the water sector.
The revenue part of budget of the Municipality of Dzhebel amounts to EUR 2 392
580,13 (BGN 4 679 480). It the expenditure part, the funds for acquiring tangible fixed
assets and intangible assets amount to EUR 643 625,98 (BGN 1 258 823). The main
part of the envisaged costs related to the WSS sector are directed to preparing
research and technical documentation, with total amount of EUR 37213,87 (BGN
72784), divided as follows:
� Preliminary Design “Water supply, sewerage and wastewater treatment for the
town of Dzhebel” – EUR 6 536,35 (BGN 12 784);
� Technical project for water supply of the villages of Telcharka and Kazatsite –
EUR 7 669,38 (BGN 15 000);
� Technical project for site “Development of streets in the village of Ustren” -
EUR 7 669,38 (BGN 15 000);
� Technical project for inlet pipeline to the town of Dzhebel from mineral spring
– EUR 7 669,38 (BGN 15 000);
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� Catchment of water source for the water supply of the group “Zhaladovo-
General Geshevo-Dobrintsi” – EUR 7 669,38 (BGN 15 000).
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 1.2.6.
As a member of the European Union, Bulgaria has harmonised its water and
environmental legislation with the one of the EU. The European legislation in the field
of water management is transposed to the Bulgarian legislation by means of the Water
Act and the regulations for its implementation.
The effective policy in the water supply and sewerage sector is the most important
commitment of Bulgaria joining the EU. The main investment and management tool of
the Government in this area is the OP "Environment", by means of which the sector
can be financially supported by EU funds. Municipalities were defined as the sole
beneficiary of this funding.
For the purposes of effective management, planning and construction of water supply
and sewage systems and the provision of water supply and sewerage services, the
territory of the country has been divided into 51 designated areas. Their limits and
coverage are essential for the formation of the water associations, which provide
integrated management of water systems consisting of two main groups of ownership
of the water assets - public state and public municipal property.
The planning of the development of the water supply and sewerage systems is done
by means of Master Plans and Long-term investment programs. In these plans and
programs are included all settlements in the designated territory, pursuant to the
Technical design, with more detailed analysis of water supply part for settlements with
population above 2000 inhabitants and of the sewerage part for agglomerations with
over 2,000 equivalent inhabitants. The Master Plans are prepared for a period of 25
years. The scope of work for the plans and programs includes performing a
comprehensive analysis of the conditions of the water supply and sewerage systems
and facilities, setting objectives and priorities for the development of water supply and
sewerage systems and the development of short and long-term investment programs.
One of the main requirements for the plans is that they contribute towards meeting the
requirements of the European Directives for the use and treatment of water, and to
ensure the effectiveness of public investment in the water infrastructure.
Numerous stakeholders are involved at the national, regional and local levels.
Ministries play a significant role at the national level: The Ministry of Environment and
Water is responsible for the management and distribution of water resources, while
the Ministry of Regional Development and Public Works is in charge of the overall
policy related to the design, construction and operation of water supply and sewerage
systems. The MRDPW also drives the preparation of the regional water supply and
sewerage Master Plans and approves them. Basin Directorates undertake water
management at the basin level and regulate permit issuance for water abstraction. At
the local level, municipalities formulate and implement the water sector policy.
Besides, Water Supply and Sewerage Companies are commercial, state or municipal
companies that operate and maintain water supply and sewerage facilities. They are
contracted by municipalities or by Water Associations. The latter are non-profit legal
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entities, which manage water supply and sewerage systems, when the systems’
ownership is divided either between the state and one or more municipalities or
among several municipalities. Regarding the Water Act, Water Associations are also
responsible for the preparation of the Regional Master Plans and therefore must
endorse them before approval of MRDPW. The regulation of water tariffs, affordability
and quality of water supply and sewerage services is undertaken by the State Energy
and Water Regulatory Commission.
Since commercial entities, such as WSSCs, cannot apply for EU funds, Water
Associations may undertake this responsibility as non-profit legal entities. Therefore, a
procedure has been implemented so that the ownership of water and sewerage
facilities can be transferred from state and municipal companies to Water
Associations. The Ministry of Regional Development and Public Works receives
requests, which must be subsequently approved by decision of the Council of
Ministers. This procedure aims to facilitate the implementation of the OP Environment
and the use of EU funds for reconstruction and modernization of water supply and
sewerage infrastructure.
The regulatory framework is based on a few texts. The main legal act is the Water Act
(1999) which sets out the relations in the management of water as a nation-wide
resource and regulates the state policy for the operation, construction, reconstruction
and modernization of water supply and sewerage infrastructure. The scope of the
Water Act spans interdisciplinary fields: It regulates for example water body statuses,
issuance of permits for water uses and water intakes, land easements, water
protection, financial and economic organization in water management, administrative
and citizen responsibilities etc. It is supported by 14 ordinances, that specify terms
and conditions or requirements for specific activities related to water. This Water Act is
to be amended and supplemented in the future, as a Draft Law has already been
prepared in April 2012. Those new components of the Water Act come mainly from
the transposition of European Union Directives. Along with the Water Act, two laws
complement this regulatory framework: The Environment Protection Law (2002) for
questions related to environmental components (including air, water, soils, ground,
landscape, and biodiversity) and the Regulation of Water Supply and Sewerage
Services Act for prices, accessibility and water supply and sewerage services quality.
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2. DATA COLLECTION AND REVIEW
2.1. PROJECT AREA
MASTER PLAN STUDY AREA 2.1.1.
There are 471 settlements on the territory of Kardzhali District administratively divided
into seven municipalities as follows:
• Ardino Municipality: 52 settlements;
• Dzhebel Municipality: 48 settlements;
• Kirkovo Municipality: 73 settlements;
• Krumovgrad Municipality: 80 settlements;
• Kardzhali Municipality: 118 settlements;
• Momchilgrad Municipality: 49 settlements;
• Chernoochene Municipality: 51 settlements.
The region of the Master Plan covers all municipalities on the territory of Kardzhali
District. Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali is the only WSS Operator in
Kardzhali District. 244 of all 471 settlements are serviced by ViK OOD – Kardzhali.
The territory served by “Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD – Kardzhali is situated in
the Southern Bulgaria and falls within the South Central Planning Region (NUTS 2).
NUTS 2 (“Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics”) is a hierarchical system for
single classification of territorial units in the official statistics of EU member states. The
classification under this system is the basis for allocation of aids from the EU regional
policy funds. The administrative units of the member states (regional authorities
having powers in the management of certain territorial unit) underlie NUTS system.
The table below shows population thresholds for NUTS 2
Figure 2-1 Territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali
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Table 2-1 Population thresholds for NUTS 2
Level Minimum Maximum
NUTS 2 800,000 3,000,000
Kardzhali District has an area of 3 209,1 sq.km., which represents 2,9% of the
territory of the Republic of Bulgaria. It borders Smolyan District to the west, Plovdiv
District to the north, Haskovo District to northeast, and the state border with the
Republic of Greece to the south and southeast. The border location of the district is
favourable for its development. Mainly this location accounts for the significant
potential of the district for trans-border cooperation. Pan-European Transport Corridor
№9. There is forthcoming passage of flows between Romania, Bulgaria, and Greece
after the opening of Makaza Border Checkpoint.
Detailed data about the territorial and demographic scope of the project is presented
in Appendix 2-1: Scope of the project and Figure 2-1.
ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION 2.1.2.
Table 2-2 Main administrative units
Municipality Settlements
(Population)
Settlements
serviced by ViK
OOD – Kardzhali
(Population)
Ardino 52
(11,572)
12
(8,824)
Chernoochene 51
(9,607)
24
(7,370)
Dzhebel 48
(8,167)
23
(6,850)
Kardzhali 118
(67,460)
70
(63,879)
Kirkovo 73
(21,916)
43
(18,255)
Krumovgrad 80
(17,823)
41
(15,203)
Momchilgrad 49
(16,263)
31
(14,893)
Total 471
(152,808)
244
(135,274)
Municipality is a principal administrative and territorial unit of local self-government. It
is a legal entity entitled to ownership and a separate municipal budget. The municipal
administration implements executive and operational functions in compliance with the
State Budget of the Republic of Bulgaria Act.
Municipalities have an important role in the practical implementation of the regional
development strategy. Reflecting the common European tendency, more and more
powers are being transferred from the central to the local governments. This process
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of decentralization is also determined by the fact that local government is most familiar
with the state and the problems of the, technical infrastructure, the environment, etc.
within the territory of the respective municipality and in most cases is the one closest
to offering adequate solutions.
More detailed administrative data for the settlements in the designated territory of
“Water supply and Sewerage” (ViK) OOD Kardzhali are presented in Appendix 2-2:
Administrative data.
RIVER BASINS 2.1.3.
Water resources in the designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali are formed by
underground and surface water sources, which are supplied by precipitation. The main
artery of the designated territory of VIK OOD Kardzhali is Arda River. Arda River is the
biggest Rhodopian river and is one of the biggest tributaries of Maritsa River. It and all
its tributaries are characterized by high torrentiality due to a combination of
Continental and Mediterranean climatic influence.
Due to the favorable topographical and hydrological conditions on the one hand and
the development of intensive agriculture on the other, preconditions have been
created for the realization of significant and diverse hydraulic engineering in the river
basins and high utilization and exploitation of the rich surface and groundwater
resources. Water consumption includes the needs for power generation, domestic-
drinking and industrial water supply, and agriculture.
The designated territory of VIK OOD Kardzhali includes parts of the catchment areas
of the rivers Arda, Varbitsa, Krumovitsa, Borovitsa, Perperek, Kioshdere,
Davidkovska, Kosma dere, Byukdere, Harmanliiska, Byala reka, etc. and their
tributaries, which are the main water arteries within this territory. In the valley of the
rivers included in the designated territory of VIK OOD Kardzhali two major hydro-
energy facilities are built (Studen Kladenets Dam and Kardzhali Dam with two HPP
under them) and 22 micro-dams, used for irrigation. The use of surface waters is
formed mainly by the water economic sub-sectors of irrigation, water supply and
hydropower.
Arda River springs from the peak Ardin Vrah, runs through a deep valley to the
Turkish-Bulgarian border and flows into Maritsa River on Turkish territory near the city
of Edrine. Its catchment area is 5,201 km² to the border. The length of the Arda River
to the border is 241 km, 178 km of which are within the designated territory of VIK
OOD Kardzhali. In this area 13 larger tributaries flow into Arda River. On the territory
of the municipalities of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad is built “Studen Kladenets” Dam
with total capacity of V= 489 . 106 m3, and on the territory of the municipalities of
Kardzhali and Ardino – “Kardzhali” Dam with total capacity V= 532.9 . 106 m3,. Both
dams are part of “Dolna Arda” cascade.
Borovitsa River – it springs north of Elvarnika Peak (1714,8 m), in the northern part
of the Prespanskiya part of the Rhodopes. The length of the river is 42 km, and its
catchment area is 300.6 km2, which falls entirely in the designated territory of ViK
OOD Kardzhali. Its larger tributaries are the rivers: Yailadere, Murovska, Elenevska,
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Chatar, etc. Borovitsa Dam (total capacity of 27,3 million m3), used for domestic
drinking water supply of 47 villages in the municipalities of Kardzhali, Momchilgrad
and Chernoochene is built at Borovitsa River.
Varbitsa River is the longest and the most water abundant tributary to Arda River
flowing entirely through the territory of the municipalities of Smolyan and Kardzhali. Its
catchment area is 1203 km2, 775 km2 of which are in the designated territory of ViK
OOD Kardzhali. The total length of the river is 98,1 km. Its main tributaries are
Nedelinska River and Alamovska River.
Krumovitsa River springs southeast of Smaila Peak (867,5 m) near Makaza
mountain pass in Southeast Rhodopes. The length of the river is 58,5 km. Its
catchment area is 670,8 km2, 100% of which is in the designated territory. Its larger
tributaries are the rivers: Ositska, Kalabatska, Vetritsa, Kurtuldzha, etc.
Harmanliyska River (Velichka ) springs southwest of Kaleto Peak (810 m) in the
Eastern Rhodopes. It flows into Maritsa River near the town of Harmanli. The total
length of the river from its source to its outflow is 91.9 km and its catchment area is
956.3 km², 50% of which falls on the territory of Chernoochene Municipality. Its larger
tributaries are the rivers Haskovska, Yurukdere, Uzundzhovska etc.. On Harmanliyska
Riever and its tributaries are built 21 dams with a total volume of about 126 million m³.
The flow of the river is regulated mainly by Trakiets Dam (total volume of 114 million
m³), intended for irrigation.
Byala River springs near the village of Chernichevo, KrumovgradMunicipality. Its
catchment area within Bulgarian territory is 448 km² and the length is 72.3 km. It has
about 13 major tributaries located symmetrically about the main river. Among the
larger ones are: Kokardzhadere, Arpadere, Hambardere, Yuruklerska and Luda Reka.
In the valley of Byala River are built three irrigated fields.
More detailed characteristics of surface water sources is given in Chapter 3.1.2 and
Appendix 3-1.
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2.2. NATURAL FEATURES
GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES 2.2.1.
Figure 2-2 Natural features - East Rhodopes
Kardzhali District occupies the bigger part of the Eastern Rhodopes. The landscape of
the region is mainly mountainous and semi-mountainous. The highest peaks are
Veykata Peak (1463 m) in the southern part, and in the western part – Alada Peak
(1241 m) and Chilyaka Peak (1450 m). The terrain of the district is crossed by the
upper and middle valley of Arda River and its tributaries – the rivers of Varbitsa,
Ardinska, Perperek, Krumovitsa.
As per the geographic zoning of the Republic of Bulgaria, Kardzhali District is situated
in the East Rhodopes sub-region of South Bulgaria. This subregion covers the low
mountain hilly landscape along the middle valley of Arda River. The average altitude is
329 m.
On the territory of the municipalities there are deposits of lead and zinc ores in the
municipalities of Momchilgrad and Ardino, of gold near the town of Krumovgrad and of
chrome ore in the region of the village of Dobromirtsi, Municipality of Kirkovo. In the
Kardzhali District there are significant in size deposits of non-metallic minerals – the
only deposits in the country of bentonite near the town of Kardzhali and of perlite in
the Municipality of Dzhebel.
The district is rich in water resources, and two of the biggest dams in the country –
Kardzhali Dam and Studen Kladenets Dam, are constructed on its territory.
CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS 2.2.2.
The climate is Transitional continental to Transitional Mediterranean due to the
character of the atmospheric transfer and transformation of air masses on the relief
surface. The average annual temperature is around 12-13°C, and annual
precipitation is within 700-800 mm. Winters are relatively mild, and the days with
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lasting snow cover are about 39. The summer is long-lasting and hot, the maximum
temperatures reach 39-40°C.
Regarding the climate, the designated territory falls within the Transitional
continental sub-area of the European continental climate area, and at a national
level – in the south climate area and more precisely in the East Rhodopes climate
region, which is influenced by the warm Mediterranean air currents.
The average winter temperature is about 0 °C, and during the summer – about
24°C.
The climate is one of the prerequisites providing the designated territory with natural
surface and groundwater.
The morphographic features of the region have a big influence on the rainfall
pattern. The main precipitation is in the autumn-winter period under the influence of
the Mediterranean cyclones.
Table 2-3 Average values of the climate features
Feature Minimum Maximum
Average monthly
temperature -0.8 23.4
Average monthly
precipitation 30 mm 82 mm
The prevailing winds are from the North-Northwest and South-Southwest. The
average wind velocity is 1,66 m/s, which defines it as light wind.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL FEATURES 2.2.3.
The main contribution to the pollution of air, water, and soil have:
- Industrial enterprises in the settlements, where the requirements of the
ecological legislation are not followed;
- Agriculture and stock breeding activities without applying best production
practices;
- Disposing waste at unregulated waste landfills;
- Unregulated storage and keeping of fertilize masses from the stock-breeding
farms;
- Unsolved problems of the pesticides storages;
- Poor condition of sewerage networks and their facilities – no sewerage or
sewerage with expired useful life, lack of modern highly efficient treatment
facilities for wastewater from the industrial enterprises and the settlements.
Air 2.2.3.1.
Potential air polluters in the designated territory serviced by ViK OOD-Kardzhali are
the big industrial companies located in the municipal town of Kardzhali and in some
other settlements, however under strict control and efficient management many of the
harmful emissions can be reduced to values complying with the requirements of the
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acting legislation. In the region of the town of Kardzhali the bigger pollutants are “S
and B Industrial Minerals” AD, “OTsK” AD (when active). In the region of the
municipality of Momchilgrad air pollutants are: “Perlit” AD plant – perlite processing,
“Vinifera” OOD greenhouses and the asphalt bases of “Parstroiingenering” AD (new
treatment facilities are mounted) and “Stroitelstvo I remont” EOOD. Air pollutants in
the other municipalities are production emitters with lesser significance for the air
pollution. Of significance for the distribution and dispersion of the air pollutants are the
landscape and the altitude, the gradient and exposure of the slopes, which determine
the distribution of heat, light, precipitation quantity and humidity, wind. The existence
of local ground transfer of air masses along the basin of Arda River in east-west
direction also contributes to the accumulation of pollutants in the atmospheric basin
during some periods of the year. In certain meteorological conditions / sustained wind,
fog, low clouds/ in the ground level are accumulated pollutants of fine particles /FP/ -
FP10, sulphur dioxide and other pollutants exceeding the maximum allowable norms.
Additional factor for the deteriorated air quality in the settlements is: emissions from
transport, local combustion sources, domestic heating, as well as secondary air
pollution with dust as a result of irregular cleaning and washing of the road network.
The efforts of the local authorities are directed towards rehabilitation of the road
network and improving traffic organization. The petrol stations on the territory of the
district are in compliance with the legal requirements.
In the municipalities of Kardzhali District there are developed programs for emission
reduction and reaching the set norms for harmful substances in the areas for
assessment and management of air quality.
Soil and land resource 2.2.3.2.
Soils and agricultural lands are the main natural resource underlying economic
development (development of agriculture, animal breeding and use of raw materials
for food industry development).
Table 2-4 Balance on the territory of Kardzhali District (km2)
Kardzhali
District Arable land Forest
land
Settlements and
other urbanized
territories
Other
areas TOTAL
Total for the
district
1,367.70
km2
1,499.07
km2 80.86 km2
261.48
km2
3,209.108
km2
42.67% 47% 2.52% 8.15% 100 %
There are good prerequisites for development of agriculture, stock breeding and food
industry. The introduction of good agricultural practice, the provision of controlled
fertilization, the prevention of unauthorized accumulation of manure masses from
animal farms and of solid domestic waste, etc. will ensure soil and water protection in
the region. Possible pollutants for the soils in the designated territory are mainly
industry, transport, plant protection activity (PPA), landfills, and past environmental
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damages (at some places not all problems of the pesticide storages are solved in the
municipalities of Momchilgrad and Dzhebel). There are many locations in the
designated area, comprising small farms, which store manure illegally and its
subsequent use is a precondition for diffuse ground and surface water pollution. It is
necessary that animal farms execute the Rules for good agricultural practice
protecting water and soils from contamination with nitrates released by agricultural
sources. Over the past years, a tendency of reducing land and soil pollution has been
observed. Economical use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture programmes for
ecological agriculture and stock-breeding, control introduced to limit the emission
pollution related to air, waters and waste management, technological renewal of
production processes are activities leading to reduction of soil degradation. Until now
there is no risk of pollution of water sources for drinking water supply, for watering of
animals, of water bodies and sensitive ecosystems. There is a potential risk of soil
contamination from the illegal waste landfills on the territory serviced by ViK OOD
Kardzhali.
There is registered soil contamination in the village of Shiroko pole, municipality of
Kardzhali with metal ions above the threshold limit value – TLV (Zn-1,69 times above
TLV and Pb-1,19 times above TLV).
Water erosion is increased in the lands of the municipalities of Kardzhali,
Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Chernoochene and Kirkovo.
Water 2.2.3.3.
Water resources in the designated territory of VIK OOD-Kardzhali are formed by
surface and groundwater sources.
Surface water
The main water artery within the designated territory is the river of Arda and its
tributaries. There are two major hydro energy facilities and 22 of micro dams for
irrigation built along the river basins.
The designated territory is situated in the catchment area of Arda River. Surface water
is polluted by:
- Point sources of pollution – industrial enterprises, which do not treat the
generated wastewater to meet the necessary requirements, direct discharge
of domestic wastewater from the settlements in the receiving bodies;
- Diffuse sources of pollution – unregulated fertilization of arable land, storing
manure masses from stock-breeding, unregulated storing of hard domestic
waste, waste landfills, which do not meet the legal requirements, using septic
tanks by a significant part of the population due to the lack of sewerage.
Groundwater
The quality of groundwater used for drinking water supply of all water abstraction
facilities comply with regulatory requirements, Groundwater is susceptible to pollution
in urbanization regions . Contribution to the observed negative tendencies also has
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the large scale cutting down of trees in the water supply zones and immediately
around the water sources.
* More detailed data about water status and its pollution from domestic and industrial
sources are presented in Chapter 3 - item 3.1, item3.2 and item 3.5.9..
Noise pollution 2.2.3.4.
A significant share in the acoustic mode belongs to the noise generated by the big
industrial enterprises, which are located in remote industrial zones away from the
residential areas of the town of Kardzhali, and measures are taken for silencing the
production and the facilities – “Gorubso-Kardzhali” AD – town of Kardzhali,
“Pnevmatika Serta” AD, “S and B Industrial Minerals” AD, Bentonite and Zeolite plant
in the town of Kardzhal i, “Ustra-Beton” AD – town of Kardzhali. Noise emitters are
mining, transport noise in towns and settlements, located near road areas with heavy
traffic. Noise burden is increased during construction works. When the suggested
measures are implemented the noise burden can be reduced to the legally required
limits.
Waste management 2.2.3.5.
The municipalities in the designated territory have available an approved by the
competent authorities waste management programs. For the sludge of the urban
WWTP of the settlements included in the investment program there are elaborated
sludge management programs and it is necessary to update them regularly by
specifying the possibilities for their utilization.
The Municipalities in Kardzhali District suspended in advance the operation of the old
municipal landfills, closed down under program “Regional Centre for Waste
Management – Kardzhali” (RCWM). Domestic waste is transported to the site of the
old landfill of Kardzhali Municipality until the construction and operation of the first cell
of RCWM Kardzhali. RCWM will treat inert, non-hazardous and hazardous waste
generated on the territory of the Municipalities of: Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Dzhebel,
Chernoochene, Ardino, Kirkovo, Krumovgrad and Ivaylovgrad (Haskovo District). 4 re-
loading stations will also be constructed on the territory of the municipalities of Ardino,
Kirkovo, Krumovgrad and Ivaylovgrad. Currently on the territory there are no
specialized landfills for construction waste corresponding to the legal requirements.
On the territory there are landfills for industrial and hazardous waste of companies
from the sectors of energy, chemical industry and ferrous metals industry (major part
of it is ash from coal combustion, lead slag and sludge from the treatment of industrial
wastewater). Most of the medical institutions send their hospital waste for preliminary
treatment through microwave disinfection at MBAL “Dr. Atanas Dafovski” Ad – town of
Kardzhali. The biological waste treated in this way is them sent for disposal to the
regional landfill at the village of Vishegrad, Kardzhali District. SPH Kardzhali, MBAL
“DR. S. Rostovtsev” EOOD-town of Momchilgrad and MBAL “Zhivot+” EOOD – town
of Krumovgrad send their hospital waste for treatment through autoclaving at “ML-
Bulgaria” AD. The waste generated from the medical activity of all medical institutions
under code 180202 is transported to the incinerator for hospital waste at
Aleksandrovska Hospital, city of Sofia.
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Biodiversity, protected areas and zones 2.2.3.6.
The region of the designated territory of “Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD –
Kardzhali is characterized with significantly rich biodiversity, which is confirmed by the
great number of protected areas and zones. The protected natural zones in the scope
of the designated territory within the borders of the settlements of the municipalities
are: protected areas and protected zones on the territory controlled by RIEW-
Haskovo.
I. The protected areas (PA) in the designated territo ry, serviced by ViK
OOD-Kardzhali, Kardzhali District by municipalities are detailed in
Table 2-5:
Table 2-5 Protected areas in Kardzhali District
№ Statute and name of the PA
Last order of MoEW for
announcing (re-
categorization, change of
area)
Land Area
ha Fund/servicing
I Municipality of Kardzhali
1 NM "Kamennite gabi" № 1427/13.05.1974 Village of Beli plast 3.0 SFF/SF Kardzhali
2 NM “Skalni gabi”
(Kamennata svatba) № 1427/13.05.1974 Village of Zimzelen 5.0 SFF/SF Kardzhali
3 NM “Nahodishte na
rodopski siliveyak" № 233/04.04.1980
Village of Prileptsi
(Kraino selo) 3.4 SFF/SF Kardzhali
4 NM "Nahodishte na
rodopska gorska maika” № 542/23.05.1984 Village of Perperek 1.7 SFF/SF Kardzhali
5 NM “Redzheb tarla” № 3796/11.10.1966 Village of Chilik 0.1 SFF/SF Kardzhali
6 NM “Skalen prozorets PA” № 415/12.06.1979 Village of Kostino 0.2 SFF/SF Kardzhali
7 PA "Nahodishte na venerin
kosam "- Kyoshdere River № 1114/03.12.1981 Town of Kardzhali 1.5
AF/ Municipality of
Kardzhali
8 PA “Yumruk skala” № RD 569/31.10.2000 Village of
Kaloyantsi 346 SFF/SF Kardzhali
9 PA “Sredna Arda” № RD 542/23.05.1984
Village of
Zvezdelina, Village
of Visoka polyana
420 SFF/SF Kardzhali
II Municipality of Chernoochene
10 Maintained Reserve
“Zhenda” (Kazal Charpa) № RD 365/15.10.1999 Village of Zhenda 39.9 SFF/SS Zhenda
11 NM "Elata" “Kelyaviq
drenak” area № RD 282/04.05.1979 Village of Zhenda 0.5 SFF/SS Zhenda
12 NM "Nahodishte na ela" № RD 233/04.04.1980 Village of Murga 11,3 SFF/SS Zhenda
13 PA “Borovete” - - 77 SFF/SS Zhenda
III Municipality of Kirkovo
14 NM “Nahodishte na sinya
hvoina” № 4051/29.12.1973 Village of Nane 0.8 SFF/SF Kirkovo
15 NM “Gabata”, № 407/07.05.1982 Village of
Benkovski 0.02 LF/SF-Kirkovo
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№ Statute and name of the PA
Last order of MoEW for
announcing (re-
categorization, change of
area)
Land Area
ha Fund/servicing
16 NM “Lavat” № 407/07.05.1982 Village of
Benkovski 0.03 AF/SF-Kirkovo
17 NM “Gyumyurdzhinski
snezhnik” № RD 153/21.03.2003
Village of Dolno
Kapinovo,
Village of Gorno
Kapinovo,
Village of
Chakalarovo,
Village of Kremen,
Village of
Shumnatitsa
1,926.4 SFF/SF Kirkovo
IV Municipality of Dzhebel
18 Maintained Reserve
“Chamlaka” № RD 369/15.10.1999
Village of
Vodenicharovo,
Village of Albantsi
5.4 SFF/RIEW
Haskovo
19 "Skalni obrazuvania"
“Kaleto” area № 1799/30.06.1972 Village of Ustra 22.4 Dzhebel
20 PA „Vekovnite borove” - - 6,2 SFF/SFS Dzhebel
V Municipality of Momchilgrad
21 Maintained Reserve
“Borovets” № RD 368/15.10.1999 Village of Raven 35.9
SFF/RIEW
Haskovo
22 NM "Vkamenenata gora" № 707/09.03.1970 Village of Raven,
Village of Bivolyane 7.5
SFF/RIEW
Momchilgrad
23 PA “ Raven” - 4.3 SFF/RIEW
Momchilgrad
VI Municipality of Krumovgrad
24 Reserve “Valchi dol” № 877/25.11.1980 Village of Studen
Kladenets 774.7
SFF, LF/
RIEW Haskovo
25 NM "Nahodishte an turska
leska - Dzhelovo" № 1799/30.06.1972 Village of Perunika 4.9
SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad
26 NM " Nahodishte na
gradinski chai" № 542/23.05.1984 Village of Keseler 5.0
SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad
27 NM “Vodopada" № 3796/11.10.1966 Village of Dzhanka 0.2 SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad
28 NM “Dushan” № 3796/11.10.1966 Village of Krasino 0.1 SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad
29 NM “Mandrata” № 3796/11.10.1966 Village of Chal 0.2 SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad
30 NM “Bureshte” № 3796/11.10.1966 Village of Padalo 0.2 SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad
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№ Statute and name of the PA
Last order of MoEW for
announcing (re-
categorization, change of
area)
Land Area
ha Fund/servicing
31 PA “Shestte peshteri” - Municipality of
Krumovgrad 0.1
SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad,
Municipality of
Krumovgrad
32 NM „Vechno zelen trakiiski
dab” № 2606/14.12.1960
Village of Tokachka
(on the road
between Village of
Sarnak and Village
of Kandilaka)
0.58 SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad
33
NM " Nahodishte na
gradinski chai" - Daima
area
№ 542/23.05.1984 Town of
Krumovgrad 15
SFF/SFS
Krumovgrad
34 PA "Orezhari" № RD 274/23.08.1999 Village of Oreshari 55
SFF, AF/SFS
Krumovgrad,
Municipality of
Krumovgrad
35 PA "Ribino" № RD 583/02.11.2000 Village of Ribino 66.3
SFF, AF/SFS
Krumovgrad,
Municipality of
Krumovgrad
36 PA “Momina skala” № RD 368/15.10.1999 Municipality of
Krumovgrad -
VII Municipality of Ardino
37 PA „Dyavolski most” № RD 552/07.05.2003 Village of
Dyadovtsi 2.0 SFF/SF-Ardino
38
NM „Nahodishte na
rodopski silivryak” village of
Dyadovtsi
№ 531/25.09.1978 Village of
Dyadovtsi 0.1 SFF/SF-Ardino
39 NM ”Hladilnata peshtera” № 531/25.09.1978 Village of Lyubino 0.1 SFF/SF-Ardino
40 NM „Nahodishte na
rodopski silivryak” № 415/12.06.1979 Village of Lyubino 0.1 SFF/SF-Ardino
41 NM ”Kaleto № RD 551/07.05.2003 Town of Ardino 0.5 SFF/SF-Ardino
II. Protected areas in the designated territory serviced by ViK OOD – Kardzhali,
Kardzhali District. Protected zones from NATURA 2000 network, under the
Birds Directive, Protected zones under the Habitats Directive are presented in
the table below.
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Table 2-6 Protected zones from NATURA 2000 network: PA East Rhodopes BG0001032
№ Name/code Area
[ha]
Order for
announcing/statute
Territorial coverage – district,
municipality, settlement
1 Protected zones for conservation of wild birds
1.1 PZ Krumovitsa BG 0002012 11,196.24 №RD-765/28.10.2008
Land parts in Kardzhali District,
Municipality of Krumovgrad and
Haskovo District
1.2 PZ Studen Kladenets BG0002013 15,995.61 №RD-766/28.10.2008
Land parts in Kardzhali District ,
Municipalities of Kardzhali,
Krumovgrad and Momchilgrad
and Haskovo District
1.3 PZ Byala Reka BG0002019 44,623.98 №RD-575/08.09.2008
Land parts in Kardzhali District,
Municipality of Krumovgrad and
Haskovo District
1.4 PZ Most Arda BG0002071 15,022.48 №RD-784/29.10.2008
Kardzhali District
Municipality of Krumovgrad
Haskovo District
1.5 PZ Dobrostan BG0002073 83,615.52 №RD-528/26.05.2010
Kardzhali District, Municipalities
of Kardzhali, Ardino,
Chernoochene and
Plovdiv District and
Smolyan District
2 Protected zones for conservation of habitats
2.1 PZ Middle Rhodopes BG0001031 154,845.53 Decision of CM
№661/16.10.2007
Kardzhali District, Municipalities
of Kardzhali, Ardino,
Chernoochene and
Haskovo District and
Smolyan District and
Plovdiv District
2.2 PZ East Rhodopes BG0001032 217,352.95 Decision of CM
№122/02.03.2007
Kardzhali District, Municipalities
of Kardzhali, Kirkovo,
Krumovgrad, Momchilgrad,
Haskovo District and Smolyan
District
According to the Report on applying Directive 91/271/ЕЕС and Order № RD – 970 of
28.07.2003 of the Minister of Environment and Water, the water classified as
“sensitive zone” of water bodies in the designated territory is described in details in
Section 3.1.2.3.
HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS 2.2.4.
Terrain conditions 2.2.4.1.
The territory of Kardzhali District, serviced by “Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD –
Kardzhali, structurally falls within the Eastern Rhodopes part of the Rhodopes massif.
This is morpho-structural decline of fault-block construction, deeply divided by Arda
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River and its tributaries. Upon this big structural unit are developed Madan-
Davidkovsko, Kesebirsko and Belorechko heaves, made of Pre-Cambrian
metamorphites, as well as Momchilgradsko depression, which is viewed as part of the
broad Eastern Rhodopes Paleogene decline, filled with paleogenic continental and
see sediments, andesite and rhyolite volcanic rocks.
The Quaternary formations include alluvial sediments at Arda River and its tributaries
Varbitsa, Krumovitsa, Perperek, etc. (gravels, sands, clays) and delluvial formations of
sandy clays with rock parts on some places, covering the root rocks with sporadic
distribution.
Significant development at the designated territory undergo weathering and erosion-
accumulation, karst and gravity processes and phenomena, defined by geological-
tectonic, hydrological, engineering-geological and other factors.
The weathering processes are presented in the mechanical revealing of petrogenic
and tectonic cracks, development of new disoriented cracks, dismemberment and
disintegration of the massif in the hypergenic zone, and in the chemical transformation
of rock-forming minerals mainly in the scope of the revealed rock complexes in the
Rhodopes.
Erosion-accumulation processes include surface denudation and riverbed erosion. To
a greater level erosion has affected the weaker terrigenous sediments in the open
treeless and grassless areas. A result of the weathering and erosion-accumulation
processes and phenomena is the current geo-morphological view of the region, the
Quaternary, mainly delluvial formations on the slopes, etc.
The karst processes and phenomena are found in the carbonate sediments of the Pre-
Cambrian rocks. Results of these processes are various surface and underground
karst forms – bowls, eddies, hollows, channels, traverses and caves.
The gravity processes and phenomena (landslides, tearing-aways) have broad
development. As per the Map of landslides in the Republic of Bulgaria at a scale of 1 :
500 000 (MRDPW, GI at BAS, 2006) there are many registered stabilized and active
landslides, mainly along the national road network, on the territory of the municipalities
of Ardino, Dzhebel, Kardzhali and Krumovgrad. One of them is a big old landslide
covering an area of a slope west of Borovets residential quarter of the town of
Kardzhali, within the road Kardzhali-Enchets-Blenika-Dazhdovnitsa-Padartsi. Parts of
the landslide are periodically activated. The landslides are mainly of delapsive type,
shallow to deep, with a volume of the fallen earth mass to a million cubic meters.
As per Ordinance № RD-02-20-2/27.01.2012 for the design of buildings and facilities
in earthquake areas:
- the buildings and facilities in the settlements south of Arda River are secured
for level VII with a seismic coefficient Sc= 0,10;
- the buildings and facilities in the settlements north of Arda River are secured
for level VIII with a seismic coefficient Sc = 0,15.
On the territory of the municipalities there are deposits of lead and zinc ores in the
municipalities of Momchilgrad and Ardino, of gold near the town of Krumovgrad and of
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chrome ore in the region of the village of Dobromirtsi, municipality of Kirkovo. In the
region of Kardzhali there are significant in size deposits of non-metallic minerals – the
only deposits in the country of bentonite near the town of Kardzhali and of perlite in
the municipality of Dzhebel. Construction and tiling materials are explored – trass in
the municipality of Kardzhali, marble in the region of Ardino and Dzhebel, and
limestone in the municipalities of Kardzhali and Dzhebel.
The engineering-geological conditions on the territory serviced by “Water Supply and
Sewerage” OOD – Kardzhali are defined by the natural resources – landscape,
geological structure, lithological content and physico-chemical properties of the rocks,
the sedimentation conditions, the groundwater in the rock massifs, the physico-
geological processes and phenomena.
Regarding the conditions for executing the construction work (ditches, embankments,
foundation of facilities, etc.) the lithological varieties forming the geological
environment are classified as earth soils, the excavation of which is possible with an
excavator, and as rocky soils, the excavation of which is possible the use of
explosives and / or heavy-duty excavators.
The estimated volume of excavation works in earth and rocky soils is estimated as
follows:
- for the sewerage networks – earth soils about 50 %, rocky soils – 50 %;
- for the water supply networks – earth soils about 70 %, rocky soils – 30 %.
Hydrological conditions 2.2.4.2.
The hydro-geological conditions within the area of Kardzhali District are determined
by karst, crack and pore groundwater. In Appendix 2-3 are presented maps of
groundwater bodies.
Karst water is contained mainly in the marble bodies of Dobrostanska suite and in
other suites from the Pre-Cambrian. Karst water is supplied by rainfall directly through
the outbreaks of the carbonate rocks and through the Paleogene mantle of cracked
rocks. Fragments of groundwater body “Karst water – Ardino-Nedelinski basin” under
code BG3G00000Pt042 fall within the boundaries of the municipalities of Ardino and
Dzhebel. Karst water draining is mainly from springs with changing flow, more
significant of which are: “Byal izvor” and the springs at the towns of Ardino and
Nedelino in the Ardino-Nedelinski basin and others. Karst water is mainly hydro-
calcium with mineralization in the range of 200-500 mg/l. Based on data from the River
Basin Management Plan for East Aegean Sea Region “the groundwater body” is in
“good” chemical status.
Fissure water is formed in Paleogene and Pre-Cambrian rocks. It is a pressureless
body characterised by shallow circulation of groundwater in the hypergenic, cracked
and weathered zone. Fissure water is fed mainly through rainfall. They are drained
through springs with changing flow. Fissure water on the territory serviced by “Water
Supply and Sewerage” OOD – Kardzhali is found in the following groundwater bodies:
“Fissure water in Central Rhodopes complex” under code BG3G00000Pt046, “Fissure
water in East Rhodopes complex” under code BG3G00000Pg028 and “Fissure water
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– Krumovgrad-Kirkovska zone” under code BG3G000PtPg023. The chemical content
of fissure water is: hydrocarbonate-sulphate-calcium-magnesium with mineralization of
100-600 mg/l.
Pore water is accumulated in the gravel-sand Paleogene and Neogene sediments
and Quaternary, alluvial and delluvial formations. There is formed groundwater body:
“Pore water in Quaternary – Arda River” under code BG3G000000Q010. Pore water is
fed through precipitation and fissure and karst water. They are drained in the river-
ravine network and through water abstraction facilities. Pore water is mainly
hysrocarbonate-calcium-sodium with average mineralization of 500-600 mg/l.
Besides the described groundwater bodies, on the territory of Kardzhali District are
also situated mineral water deposits “Dzhebel” and “Kirkovo”, which are exclusive
state property.
Chemical status
Assessment of the chemical status of groundwater bodies is generally carried out by
comparing the so-called relevant values and the threshold values of individual
chemical status indicators. If all status indicators are "good", the groundwater body is
identified as being in "good" condition. If one or more status indicators are "poor", the
groundwater body is identified as being in "poor" condition. In such case, this is
followed by a careful hydrogeological analysis of monitoring points, which are crucial
for defining a groundwater body as being in "poor" condition. If these monitoring points
are not considered to characterise a sufficiently representative volume of the
groundwater body, the same are excluded from the general assessment of the
groundwater body status as a whole.
According to data from the River Basin Management Plan of the East Aegean Region
groundwater bodies BG3G00000Pt042, BG3G00000Pt046, BG3G00000Pg028 and
BG3G000000Q010 are in “good” chemical status, while water body BG3G000PtPg023
is in “poor” chemical status, but there is no abstraction from it for domestic-drinking
purposes.
The quality of groundwater bodies under code BG3G00000Pt042, BG3G00000Pt046,
BG3G00000Pg028 BG3G000000Q010 complies with the relevant ordinances and
directives: Ordinance № 9/16.03.2001 on the quality of water intended for drinking
purposes, Ordinance № 1/10.10.2007 on the specific requirements for groundwater
exploration and use and Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intended for
human consumption. More details - in item 3.1.
Conclusion 2.2.4.3.
The following groundwater bodies are situated on the territory of Water Supply and
Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali: one karst, three fissure and one pore water body. Karst
and fissure water is fed by infiltration of storm water directly from the surface or from
water from the rivers in the region. Pore water is fed by precipitation, rivers during high
water and by fissure and karst water. Hydrogeological conditions are summarized in
the table below.
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Table 2-7 Summary of the hydrogeological conditions
Groundwater body
code
Compliance with relevant
directives * Chemical condition**
BG3G00000Pt042 Yes Good
BG3G00000Pt046, Yes Good
BG3G00000Pg028 Yes Good
BG3G000000Q010 Yes Good
BG3G000PtPg023 Yes Poor***
* Ordinance № 9/16.03.2001, Ordinance № 1/10.10.2007 and Directive 98/83/EC
** According to data from the River Basin Management Plan of the East Aegean See
Region *** The groundwater body is not used for domestic-drinking purposes
HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS 2.2.5.
Hydrological conditions on the designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali are
determined by orohidrographic and flow features of the river valley of Arda River and
its tributaries within the section of the considered territory. Arda River is the main
surface water source for the region of the designated territory. As a result of its natural
characteristics of the flow it is characterized as water abundant with significant
hydropotential, with big hydrotechnical facilities built on it.
Typical for the hydrological regime of the river and its tributaries is that they are water
abundant and torrential as a result of the combination of continental and
Mediterranean climate influence. Most of the rivers with small catchment areas are
characterized by the two extremes: full drying and sudden big floods during intensive
rainfall. For the south tributaries high waters are in December and February, and low
waters – in July – September. The north tributaries have a smooth maximum in
February – April and smooth minimum in August – September. Along the main river, of
course, there is a mixture of these two conditions, with prevailing participation of the
south tributaries for the lower part of the river valley. From a water-economy
perspective the northern tributaries have a preferable monthly flow distribution.
The runoff module showing the intensity of the drainage formation as an average of
the basin areas along the rivers in the designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali
varies within a small range given the similarity of the terrain and small differences in
altitude of the catchment areas of the rivers along Arda River Valley.
There is also visible dependence of the average annual runoff fluctuations on the
altitude and the influence of the Mediterranean climate. Fluctuation and respectively
variation coefficient Cv are lower for the higher catchment areas along the river valley.
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2.3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEATURES
DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT 2.3.1.
The designated territory of “Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD Kardzhali includes
244 settlements of a total of 471 settlements in all 7 municipalities in Kardzhali District.
The territorial structure of population distribution in the designated territory includes 5
urban centres (towns) and 239 villages.
The last Census data indicates that the population serviced by ViK OOD Kardzhali
amounts to 135,274 people or 88.5% of the population in the 7 serviced municipalities.
In the past 10 years, the population in the designated territory has declined by
approximately 4.96 % or 7,099 people. The population decline is little above 2 points
below the average for the country. For the entire period between 2001 and 2011, the
natural population growth rate continued to be negative, with values below the national
average. Statistical data indicates that the decline in the population served is also a
result of the negative migration growth.
The summarized data on the demographic development within the designated territory
is presented in the table below.
Table 2-8 Population in the designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali
Population 2001 2011 Change (%)
Population served in the
designated territory 142,373 135,274 -4.99
Ardino 9,602 8,824 -8.10%
Chernoochene 7,975 7,370 -7.59%
Dzhebel 7,009 6,850 -2.27%
Kardzhali 65,646 63,879 -2.69%
Kirkovo 19,642 18,255 -7.06%
Krumovgrad 17,109 15,203 -11.14%
Momchilgrad 15,390 14,893 -3.23%
Kardzhali District 164,019 152,808 -6.8%
South Central Region 1,608,214 1,471,107 -8.5%
Bulgaria 7,928,901 7,364,570 -7.1%
Source: http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Census and http://www.nsi.bg/nrnm
As a general tendency, smaller settlements tend to lose population more rapidly in the
last 10 years as compared to the municipal centres. This trend is combined with
deterioration of the age structure and decrease of the fertile contingent.
The main part of the population served by ViK OOD Kardzhali lives outside the urban
centres – nearly 53% (71,907 people) of the entire population. In the last 10 years the
main share of the urban population increased slightly from 46% (2001) to 47% in
2011, which remains significantly below the average level of the country of 72.5% for
2011. In two of the municipalities there are no urban centres and 100% of the
population lives in villages. A total of 6 settlements have population more than 2000
people as of 2011, 5 of which are towns and 1 is a village.
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Table 2-9 Urban and rural population in the designated territory, 2011
Municipality Urban centres Population Rural population Relative share of
urban population
Kardzhali 1 43,880 19,999 68.69%
Momchilgrad 1 7,831 7,062 52.58%
Krumovgrad 1 5,070 10,133 33.35%
Ardino 1 3,493 5,331 39.59%
Dzhebel 1 3,093 3,757 45.15%
Kirkovo - 18,255 0.00%
Chernoochene - 7,370 0.00%
Total for the
designated
territory
5 63,367 71,907 46.84%
TOTAL FOR
THE
DISTRICT
5 63,367 89,441 41.47%
Republic of
Bulgaria 255 5,338,261 2,026,309 72.49%
Source: http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Census and http://www.nsi.bg/nrnm
In the period between 2001 and 2011, the demographic development in the
designated territory has followed the national trend towards aging of the population. In
contrast to the country, the aging processes are not so strongly expressed due to the
higher birth rate. The main factors which can have a significant influence in the future
and accelerate the processes are related to reduction of the fertile contingent
compared to higher average age of the mothers at birth, the increasing average life
expectancy and the negative migration flows.
The data from the last Census indicates that young people of age between 0-14 years
amount to 13,9%, which is close to the natural average of 14%. As a result of the
negative demographic processes the reproductive base of the generational pyramid of
the designated territory is slowly shrinking (Figure 2-3).
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Source: http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Census and http://www.nsi.bg/nrnm:
The share of elderly people is expected to continue growing and reaches up to 16,9%
of the total population. If the current tendency is maintained then after 35-40 years the
age structure of the population will gradually adopt a profile of elongated chimney,
principally different than the current one – with relatively narrow base and a huge
number of elderly population on the top. This is demographic inertia, which can be
hardly influenced in the perspective of 5 – 10 years.
From economic perspective the instantaneous profile of the age structure,
characterized by accumulation of productive population, gives opportunity to use the
so called “demographic dividend”, since the people in working age are about 70% of
the entire population of the designated territory.
The total coefficient of age dependence6 is 44,5%, which is about 3% below the
average for the country. The coefficient of demographic replacement 7 is 0,97, which is
the highest parameter in the country.
The registered trends in the demographic processes in the region will largely
determine the future development of the population determined on the other hand by
the momentum of the demographic processes – the population of the designated
territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali will continue to decline in the short and medium term,
at a rate lower than the average national one. The emigration processes will probably
be influenced by the economic development of the region, described in chapter 5.
6 The ratio of people aged under 15 and people aged over 65 to the working age population –
those aged 15 - 64 7 Demographic replacement – the ration of population aged 15-19 to the population aged 60-65
– it characterizes the reproduction of the workforce
Figure 2-3 Age Pyramid of the Population in Kardzhali District by Gender,
2011
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Table 2-10 Main indicators of the population age structure in Kardzhali District, 2011 (%)
Census of 2011 0-14 15-65 65 +
Total age
dependency
ratio
Coefficient of
demographic
replacement
Population in Kardzhali
District 13.89% 69.22% 16.89% 44.46% 0.97
Ardino Municipality 10.69% 68.36% 20.95% 46.28% 0.81
Krumovgrad Municipality 15.36% 67.01% 17.62% 49.22% 1.00
Kardzhali Municipality 15.03% 69.47% 15.50% 43.95% 0.97
Kirkovo Municipality 12.15% 69.25% 18.60% 44.41% 0.86
Dzhebel Municipality 13.27% 71.18% 15.55% 40.50% 1.31
Chernoochene
Municipality 12.93% 67.99% 19.08% 47.08% 0.96
Momchilgrad Municipality 13.06% 70.94% 16.00% 40.96% 1.03
Bulgaria 13.20% 68.30% 18.50% 47.50% 0.7
Source: http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Census
ECONOMIC INDICATORS 2.3.2.
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Bulgaria has reached values of BGN 75,265
million in current prices in 2011, which is BGN 4,754 million higher than the value in
2010. However, the analysis of GDP growth in constant prices amounts to BGN
52,833 million in 2011 compared to 2005 when the real growth is 1.67%. These
results outline the slow economic recovery of the country after the first negative
growth of GDP for the last 15 years in 2009. The first signs of overcoming the crisis
appeared in the second-third quarter of 2010, when the real volume of the gross
domestic product of Bulgarian economy started to grow again and reached 1.7 % on a
yearly basis, at the end of 2011. The industrial sector is practically the only one with
substantial growth for 2011, with an increase of 9.1% in Gross Value Added (GVA).
The real increase in GVA for 2011 was very low – 1,81%. Figure 2-4 outlines the trend
in GDP development for the last 11 years.
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Source: http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/GDP_1.1.1.xls
Regional GDP data is collected at NUTS II level and at NUTS III level it is limited and
presented for 2 years behind. The designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali falls
within the boundaries of South Central Region, which produces approximately 14% of
the national GDP and has lower economic growth as compared to national
tendencies. These differences are significant and growing with time (GDP per capita in
2010 is about 70% of the average national compared to over 76% in 2000 – the trend
is presented in lines on Figure 2-5) and it may be assumed that while the regional
economic growth follows the national trends, the difference will increase at a lower
rate.
Source: http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/GDP_1.1.4.xls
Figure 2-4 GDP growth
Figure 2-5 Comparison between regional and national GDP growth per capita (BGN)
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Statistical data for the GDP in Kardzhali Districts indicates economic growth lower not
only than the national but also than the regional one. In 2010 GDP per capita in
Kardzhali District amounts to only 54,2% of the national average and 77% of the
regional GDP per capita. The outlined differences grow with time as shown by the
trend lines of Figure 2-6.
Source: http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/GDP_1.1.4.xls
Inflation was relatively high in the past decade (up to 2008) due to the convergence of
price levels from 41% to about 50% of the EU average in 2008. Price rises since 2009
have been more moderate and inflation in Bulgaria for 2010 has been below the euro-
area average, despite the unabated rise in unit labour costs. The annual inflation for
2011, measured by means of the consumer price index is 4.2% compared to 2010.
The increase is largely due to the rapid growth of fuel prices because of the unstable
international environment. The average inflation for the first half of 2012 is below 2%
and the expected all-year inflation is about 3-3.5%. This tendency is expected to
remain stable for the next years and Bulgaria will be one of the EU countries with the
lowest growth rate of consumer prices.
Figure 2-6 Comparison between national, regional and district GDP growth per
capita
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Source: NSI, http://www.nsi.bg/otrasal.php?otr=14
HOUSEHOLDS CHARACTERISTICS 2.3.3.
The number of households on a national level has increased despite the negative
trend in population development in the last years. For the years between the two
population Censuses, the households in Bulgaria have increased by 2.8%. This
situation points out a rapid decline in the “people per household” indicator, which falls
in 2011 to 2.4 people from 2.7 people. At Kardzhali District level the similar tendency
is observed and the “people per household” indicator changes from 3,1 people to 2,8
people in 2011.
Table 2-11 Households in Kardzhali District and average number of household members by
municipalities, 2011.
Municipality Number of
households
Persons in
household
Number of household
members
Ardino 4,669 11,529 2.5
Dzhebel 2,757 8,136 3.0
Kirkovo 7,355 21,845 3.0
Krumovgrad 5,932 17,725 3.0
Kardzhali 25,006 66,855 2.7
Momchilgrad 5,526 16,186 2.9
Chernoochene 2,940 9,585 3.3
TOTAL FOR THE
KARDZHALI DISTRICT 54,185 151,861* 2.8
Republic of Bulgaria 3,005,589 7,296,459 2.4
Note: * "Persons, who do not have a common budget and do not eat together, do not
form a household regardless the fact that they live together or even inhabit the same
room."
Source: http://www.nsi.bg/census2011/pagebg2.php?p2=175&sp2=192&SSPP2=196
10,3
7,4
5,8
2,3
6,2
5
7,3
8,4
12,3
2,8
2,4
4,2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Figure 2-7 Inflation in Bulgaria, measured by Consumer price index
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Household income on a national level has increased steadily in nominal terms for the
past 10 years. Only 2010 makes an exception to the outlined trend, with registered
decrease of 1,2%. Real household income for 2010 has declined by 3.6% compared
to 2009, taking into account the influence of inflation. Regardless of the real income
growth over the last 10 years, the incomes in 2010 are lower compared to the real
incomes in 2007 and 2008.
In the last years leading role for wage increase had the private sector, while the wages
in the public sector grew slower. Freezing the wages and pensions since 2010 helped
diminishing the pressure for increasing the wages.
Table 2-12 National household income by sources of income (in BGN)
Sources of income 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Total 4,532 5,887 6,577 8,429 9,550 9,629
Total income 4,307 5,584 6,158 7,818 9,122 9,251
Salaries and remunerations 1,711 2,234 2,685 3,732 4,762 4,793
Other incomes 218 214 252 364 387 127
Entrepreneurship 179 234 277 428 434 590
Property income 30 32 46 76 59 61
Unemployment benefits 50 30 24 24 50 65
Pensions 1,022 1,152 1,366 1,724 2519 2,789
Family allowances 29 32 47 42 84 78
Other social benefits 56 70 119 191 164 158
Household plot 644 1017 827 624 283 162
Property sale 19 37 36 126 12 10
Miscellaneous 349 532 479 487 368 419
Interest income 128 140 221 321 276 277
Loans and credits 88 151 190 275 142 93
Loans repaid 9 12 8 15 11 8
Source: http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/HH_1.1.3_en.xls
Labour remunerations and pensions are the main income sources for Bulgarian
households and their relative shares have changed significantly over the past years.
The observed processes of population ageing lead to significant increase in the
relative share of pensions in the total household income, compared to the incomes
from salaries, which are characterised by lower growth. At the same time, incomes
from own agricultural production constantly lose their significance and their share in
the general structure of the income decreases dramatically from 15% (2001) to 1.7%
in 2011.
Over the past 12 years, the nominal wage income has been largely following the
changes in the total household income. In 2011, the average wage income is BGN
1,960 per capita, growing more than three times compared to 2001 and increasing by
5.5% compared to 2010 %.The real income index of wages increases by 1.3% in 2011
compared to 2010. This index has its highest value in 2011 compared to 2001 -
79.5%, but is less than 100% compared to 2008 and 2009.The relative share of wages
in the total income is 51.8%, and in the beginning of the period it is equal to 38.9%, or
increasing by 12.9 percentage points. It increases by 0.9 percentage points compared
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to 2010. In 2011, the amount of social transfers paid (compensations, pensions,
benefits and family allowances) increases more than three times in nominal terms
compared to 2000, and their relative share in the total income grows by 8.8
percentage points. In this position of household income, pensions are dominant. In
2000, income from pensions is BGN 337 and increases in nominal terms to reach an
average of BGN 1,140 per capita in 2011, or more than three times. The income from
pensions also increases in nominal terms from an average of BGN 1,128 in 2011 to
BGN 1,140 in 2010 per person in household, or by 1.1%, while as a relative share in
the total income it decreases from 30.9 % to 30.1%, or by 0.8 percentage points.
The observed processes of population ageing lead to significant increase in the
relative share of pensions in the total household income, compared to the incomes
from salaries, which are characterised by lower growth. At the same time, incomes
from own agricultural production constantly lose their significance and their share in
the general structure of the income decreases dramatically from 15% (2001) to 1.7%
in 2011.
At regional level, the population income structure in Kardzhali District is relatively
similar to the national-level trends. Generally, the District has the most rapidly growing
income per capita in the period 2001 – 2011, which is due mainly to the low base at
the beginning of the period, when the District was occupying one of the last places in
the country. The major part is formed by salaries and pensions. However, some
differences are observed in terms of to their distribution – the share of the salaries is
lower, while the share of pensions is higher than the national average by nearly 1,3%.
There are two key factors - lower level of salaries and deteriorated age structure (a
larger share of elderly population over working age).
Table 2-13 Comparison of household income structure on national and regional level
2011 Share of the income from salaries
and remunerations
Share of the income from
pensions
Bulgaria 51.1% 31.4%
Kardzhali District 49.7% 32.7%
Source: http://www.nsi.bg/otrasalen.php?otr=44&a1=2241&a2=2242#cont
The degree of differentiation of population income is based on the indicator "total
income per capita" and ten decile groups. Data related to the total income shows
higher level of vulnerability of the low income groups, where the decrease of the total
income is most substantial under conditions of crisis – by - 5.2% for the income of
decile 1 and by -3.15% from the total income of the first three decile groups. Before
the economic crisis from 2008-2009, an increase in the relative share of the poor
groups’ income was observed in contrast to the one concentrated in the households of
the medium decile groups. The decile groups with the highest income managed to
keep their position over the entire period considered, and in times of crisis, the
reduction of income for these groups is between 0.47% -1%.
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Figure 2-8 Total household income by decile groups
Source: NSI
Based on the dynamics of the income in the period 2000-2010 and the impact of the
economic and social changes on their distribution, it may be concluded that groups
with low income seem to be the least protected from the economic and social shocks.
They also include the most risky households in terms of falling into poverty and social
exclusion.
The incomes of the medium and the lowest income groups are falling seriously behind
those of the highest income groups. The income share concentrated in the highest
income groups has remained the same within the whole period. Vertical redistribution
with slightly outlined effect has been observed from the medium income groups to the
lowest income groups. This clearly indicated differentiation in incomes causes
differentiation in consumption, which is a sign of change in the consumption structure
as well as in the level of the living standard.
Generally, household expenditures follow the tendency of income changes during the
last 10 years. Consumer expenditures within the total household expenditures have
not changed considerably within the observed period and are about 85-86% of the
total expenditures. The share of expenditures on housing, water, electricity and fuels
has increased from 12.1% in 2001 to 14.1% in 2011, mainly due to the sharp rise in
the international fuels prices, which exerted serious pressure on the expenses of the
households. Nevertheless, the increase of these expenditures is not larger than the
other categories.
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Table 2-14 National household expenditures by cost categories, BGN
Expenditure by groups 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Total 4,043 4,861 5,736 7,776 9,060 8,981
Total expenditure 3,850 4,585 5,346 7,195 8,236 8,547
Consumer total expenditures 3,315 3,970 4,612 6,121 7,057 7,177
Foods and non-alcoholic beverages 1,727 1,854 2,063 2,696 3,004 3,095
Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 142 186 226 333 387 380
Clothing and footwear 137 161 183 252 254 255
Housing, water, electricity, gas and fuels 465 644 748 899 1,194 1,206
Furnishing and maintenance of the
house 110 150 177 272 303 236
Health 150 199 253 338 438 479
Transport 204 245 301 481 493 501
Communications 128 214 272 335 371 397
Recreation, culture and education 124 162 193 259 318 295
Miscellaneous goods and services 128 155 196 256 295 333
Taxes 120 142 151 210 266 446
Household plot 119 119 111 140 109 74
Other expenditure 296 354 472 724 805 849
Saving deposits 108 125 168 269 413 112
Purchase of currency and securities 1 5 0 1 1 0
Debt paid out and loans granted 84 146 222 311 410 322
Source: http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/HH_2.1.3_en.xls
The poverty line in Kardzhali District is 69,04% and is considerably below the national
average8. Taking into account the sources and the structure of incomes and
expenditures (large share of expenditures for food and similar goods) can be
explained with the presence of a relatively large share of agricultural subsistence.
EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATES 2.3.4.
At national level, the labour market was severely affected by the crisis. Bulgaria
registered one of the strongest declines in employment in the EU, which between
2009 and 2011 has declined cumulatively by nearly 9%. National unemployment rate
was 10.9 % in 2011, which is the highest level for the last 5 years.
At regional level, the tendencies in the labour market are similar. The lowest
unemployment rates are registered in 2008. As a result of the crisis the unemployment
rate shows a steady trend of growth. The unemployment rate at district level is above
the national average, being lower than the average for the country only in 2009. After
2009, a strong upward trend in unemployment is observed in the district, which is
characterized by more rapid rates than the national average.
8 Source: http://www.nsi.bg/otrasal. PHP? OTR = 72 & a1 = 2687 & a2 = 2692 & # continues
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Figure 2-9 National and regional unemployment rate in the period 2005-2011, (in %)
Source:http://www.az.government.bg/internal.asp?CatID=25/04&WA=AnaProBul.asp&
YM=2011/12, Regional Employment Service Directorate Haskovo
Along with the general upward trend in unemployment in the period between 2008 and
2010, the number of persons with duration of their registration as unemployed for over
a year tends to increase slightly. Nearly ¾ of the persons are registered as
unemployed over a year. In terms of age, an increase in the share of long-term
unemployed persons over 50 years of age is observed. The lack of opportunities for
professional realization forces the young people to look for job outside the territory of
the District, which explains the relatively high levels of negative migration balance. A
significant part of the registered unemployed young people does not have the right to
receive unemployment benefits.
Employment in the district is one of the lowest in the country, and as a result of the
crises it shrunk to below 40% employed (among people aged 15 and more). In
Kardzhali Municipality are employed about two thirds of all employed and hired people
in the district.
A leading role regarding employment plays the processing industry and the
construction sector.
DENSITY AND TYPE OF HOUSING 2.3.5.
Population density in the designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali is 47,62
people/km2, which is significantly below the average for Bulgaria of 66,4 people per
km2. There are significant differences per municipality. Considerably above the
average is the population density in Kardzhali Municipality – 117,3 people/km2. in the
other municipalities the density is between 21-47 people/km2, which is a result of the
settlements distribution, determined by the terrain features.
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Table 2-15 Population, area and population density (2011)
Municipality Number of
population Area in km2
Population
density
(people/km2)
Ardino 11,572 338.848 34.15
Chernoochene 9,607 327.125 29.37
Dzhebel 8,167 229.079 35.65
Kardzhali 67,460 574.742 117.37
Kirkovo 21,916 537.871 40.75
Krumovgrad 17,823 843.319 21.13
Momchilgrad 16,263 358.124 45.41
Total for the district 152,808 3,209 47.62
Republic of Bulgaria 7,364,570 110,994[ 66.35
Source: http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Census; http://www.nsi.bg/publications/REGIONS_2010.pdf
The characteristics of the designated territory determine the type of housing. In terms
of construction, massive housing is predominant – over 97% of the total housing
stock. Residential houses make up slightly above 66% of the total number of
dwellings, and the average useful area of a dwelling is 83 m2. Most of the one-
bedroom and two-bedroom residences are located in larger urban centres, while in
rural areas houses with more rooms are predominant. This is determined by the fact
that in most cases more than one generation occupy a single residence.
Table 2-16 Main characteristics of the housing in settlements with population more than 2000
inhabitants in the designated territory, 2011
Settlements with
population more than
2000 inhabitants in
the designated
territory
Population Housing Useful area,
sq. m.
Average
useful area
per housing,
sq. m.
Useful area per
housing per 1
person, sq. m.
Town of Kardzhali 43,880 20,653 1,554,900 75.29 35.44
Town of Ardino 3,493 1,660 130,634 78.70 37.40
Town of Dzhebel 3,093 1,413 123,096 87.12 39.80
Village of Benkovski 2,121 974 101,802 104.52 48.00
Town of Krumovgrad 5,070 2,336 186,691 79.92 36.82
Town of Momchilgrad 7,831 3,447 275,312 79.87 35.16
Kardzhali District 152,808 74,321 6,169,466 83.01 40.37
Republic of Bulgaria 7,364,570 3,887,149 283,833,436 73.02 38.54
Source : NSI – Census of population and housing in 2011
In 2010 the dwellings of 1000 people of the population tended to increase and
reached 500 people (2 persons per one dwelling) compared to 476 in 2005. Regarding
the ownership there is a constant tendency for increase of dwelling ownership by
private legal entities. For a period of 5 years there is a registered increase by 2,66
times.
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Table 2-17 Housing per form of ownership, 2005-2010
Kardzhali District 2005 2006 2007 2008 2010
State and municipal 2,788 2,788 2,788 2,788 2,788
Private legal entities 393 508 816 972 1,439
Private physical persons 72,267 72,292 72,332 72,357 72,483
TOTAL FOR KARDZHALI
DISTRICT 75,448 75,588 75,936 76,117 76,710
Source: RSO – Kardzhali
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE AREA 2.3.6.
In Kardzhali District, the GDP per capita is relatively below the national average.
Employment in the district is one of the lowest in the country, and as a result of the
crises it shrunk to below 40% employed (among people aged 15 and more). In the last
years there is a certain growth of the number of enterprises per capita. There is a
certain interrelation of the economic realities in the region with the political processes.
Direct foreign investments are relatively few.
Net sales income in the district increased by almost 47% in the period 2005-2010 and
reached BGN 884,722 thousand. Leading branch in Kardzhali District is the
processing industry, which forms about 40% of the net sales income. Specific for the
region is the role of the mining industry due to the available deposits of perlite,
bentonite and natural zeolite (90% of the production of which is used in construction,
cement industry and agriculture).
In the agriculture, forest and fisheries sector of paramount significance is tobacco. The
favourable geographic and climate conditions, fragmentation of land in mountain
region, tradition, accumulated experience and family tradition, low land availability,
and the available material base are a prerequisite for the development of monoculture,
in the case it is tobacco and vegetable production.
Kardzhali Municipality has the leading role in the designated territory based on main
economic indicators. Every three out of five enterprises in the district are located on
the territory of the municipality (60%). Almost two thirds of the employed and hired
people in Kardzhali District work in the municipal enterprises and structures. The
prevailing part of the production made in the district in 2010 is realized in the municipal
enterprises (81%). Almost 80% of the realized income in the local economy is also on
the territory of the municipality. The predominant part of the costs for fixed assets are
also determined by the municipal economy (84%). Two thirds of the costs for
remuneration are also in the municipal enterprises and structures.
The slower economic development in the region and the higher unemployment level
additionally contribute to population reduction and especially for the higher out-
migration. Economy development in the designated territory as a whole follows the
growth rate of the national one but is below the average for each of the most important
economic and social parameters – demographic growth, net sales revenue growth,
household income and unemployment.
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For the period 2001-2011 the number of students in Kardzhali District decreased by
more than 30%. This leads to decrease in the number of schools from 129 in 2001 to
82 in 2011, as well as to a serious fall down in the number of teachers. Such
processes follow the tendency for the country. Yet, Kardzhali District is characterized
by relatively more teachers per every 1000 students. Those who left the educational
system are less than 2% from all students in 2011, which is the best figure for
Kardzhali in the past 10 years and is relatively better than the average for the country.
There are no universities in the district, but there are branches of the Mining and
Geology University and of Plovdiv University, located in the town of Kardzhali. These
two educational institutions attract students from the neighbouring districts as well,
which is beneficial for the district centre. Nevertheless, Kardzhali is the district with the
lowest percent of university graduates – only 10% of the population aged 25-64 has
higher education, while the average for the country is double. This explains to some
extent the economic problems in the district, as well as the lack of qualified staff.
The ill people who passed through the medical institutions in Kardzhali are traditionally
low – 178 of every 1000 people from the population in 2011. The doctors in the
district, divided per inhabitants, are much lower than the average for the country and
this unfavourable ratio is valid both for general practitioners and for cardiologists.
MAJOR EMPLOYERS IN THE AREA 2.3.7.
Over 97% of the active enterprises in the designated area are micro, small and
medium enterprises. The district is rich in mineral resources and has traditions in the
processing and mining industry. The deposits of mineral resources turn the district into
a raw basis for the development of ferrous metallurgy, logging, processing of non-
metalliferous minerals. Textile, clothing and food industries and machine building are
also developed. There are good traditions for growing oriental tobacco in the district.
The biggest enterprises in the mining industry are: “Gorubso-Kardzhali” AD, which
exploits deposits of lead and zinc, gold and chrome ore in four deposits on the district
territory. Among the biggest companies for extracting non-metalliferous minerals is the
company “S and B Industrial Minerals (Bentonite)” AD – Kardzhali.
In the metallurgy, machine building and metal processing sector the highest number of
staff employs “OTsK-Kardzhali” AD, “Pnevmatika Serta” (hydraulic and pneumatic
cylinders), “Myunek-yug” (mining and metallurgy equipment), “Teklas-Bulgaria” for
automobile parts production, “Hraninvest-HMK” and “Promash” for the production of
automated lines for bread, etc.
Details on the industrial enterprises and their water consumption are presented in
Chapter 2.3.8.
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES 2.3.8.
The largest water consumers within the boundaries of the service area include
industrial enterprises operating in various economic sectors. According to the data
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provided by ViK OOD Kardzhali, their water consumption reaches up to 271,061
m³/year for 2011.
Table 2-18 Major industrial water consumers in the designated territory
Municipality Enterprise Industrial sector (type of
production)
Billed water for
2011, m3
Kardzhali
“USTRA BETON” Aggregates and concrete
mixtures 10,120
“GORUBSO-KARDZHALI”
AD Mining 1,456
“S and B Industrial Minerals
(Bentonite)” AD
Extraction of zeolite and other
minerals 18,945
“Myunek-yug” EOOD Machine building 79,512
“FORMOPLAST” AD Plastic products 22,145
“PNEVMATIKA SERTA” Pneumatic parts and machines 65,312
“OTSK-KARDZHALI” AD Manufacture of non-ferrous
metals 32,050
“TEKLAS-BULGARIA” AD Rubber products for
automobiles 31,540
Momchilgrad
“HRANINVEST-HMK” AD –
STARA ZAGORA –
PRODUCTION FACILITY –
TOWN OF MOMCHILGRAD
Machinery and products for the
food industry 9,981
Total: 271061 m3
Note: Some of the enterprises have their own water sources
URBAN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING 2.3.9.
The settlement network in Kardzhali District includes 471 settlements of which 5 are
towns. The spatial structure of the settlement network follows the logic of the farmland
fragmentation.
Administrative centre of the district is the town of Kardzhali, where the administrative
structures of the central authority are concentrated. The rest of the district can be
defined as highly “stripped out” of such concentration. Actually, except the district
town, there is no other significant urbanized centre in the district of equal economic,
social or cultural significance. The concentration of activities entirely in the district
centre forms a structure of the centre- periphery type.
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The villages are small, and a significant part of them have population less than 200
people. The type of their structure is mainly disperse. The main structural element is
the meridian urbanization line Ruse – Makaza and the parallel border axis.
At the second level as potential for economic development is Momchilgrad, which is
oriented towards the development of separate sectors of industry related to the local
resources. Due to the proximity between Kardzhali and Momchilgrad in the last years
they have been formed as the main urbanization axis on the district territory.
The towns of Krumovgrad, Ardino and Dzhebel are small urban centres, which are an
important element for activating the territory. They have a significant structural
importance regarding the interrelations between the numerous small settlements and
growth centres. Currently the towns are of “transitional type” between the industrial
and peripheral zones.
Local significance for the development have the municipal centres Chernoochene and
Kirkovo, whose functions are similar in mid-term perspective with those of the small
urban centres.
In the following years, a key moment in the planning of urban development is the
process of Integrated Urban Recovery and Development Planning (IURDP), which will
help identify the complex projects to be financed by the Structural and Cohesion funds
of EU in the programming period from 2014 to 2020. In the designated territory only
the towns of Kardzhali and Krumovgrad will be assisted for developing IURDP.
LAND USE AND OWNERSHIP 2.3.10.
The right of land ownership includes the right to possess, use and dispose of the land.
For the purpose of water projects the municipality shall own the land where the
facilities are located or shall be granted a servitude right, which is a special type of
limited real right over the land owned by another.
Servitude rights in connection with water projects are settled in Chapter 7 of the Water
Act (Art. 103-115). The servitude established by law shall have as a subject thereof
public or private benefit. Land servitudes established for public benefit shall refer to
ensuring access to water bodies – public property for common use, for construction of
the infrastructure necessary for that purpose, as well as for maintenance of water
systems and facilities designated for provision of the services of water supply for the
population and for irrigation. Land servitudes for a private benefit arise in connection
with the location of the land and the right to pass and conduct water across the land. A
change in the land ownership does not terminate the effect of the servitude.
Each land owner shall be obliged to grant the right to conduct water across his
property to all who have permanent or temporary need to do so. If it is necessary to
construct pipelines or facilities for transferring water, servitude strips shall be
determined with a size not bigger than the diameter of the pipeline, increased with 60
cm, where construction or perennial planting shall not be permitted. The right to
conduct water across another's property shall be established with an agreement of the
owners of the dominant property and of the subservient property and if such an
agreement cannot be reached - with an act of the body under Art. 52, paragraph 1,
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item 4 of the Water Act, observing the procedure of Art. 34 and 36, without ruling the
alienation of the property concerned.
The implementation of investment projects in the water sector may require the
purchase of additional undeveloped land and a change in the purpose of use of land.
The change of the purpose of use of agricultural land for non-agricultural needs is
permissible for:
• Construction of elements of technical infrastructure under the Spatial Planning
Act;
• Creation or expansion of building boundaries of existing urbanized territories
(settlements and settlement formations);
• Creation or expansion of the boundaries of separate regulated land plots
outside the building limits of existing urban territories (settlements and
settlement formations).
WATERBORNE HEALTH PROBLEMS 2.3.11.
In the Republic of Bulgaria, the competent authority in the field of drinking water is the
Ministry of Health and its regional structures according to the Water Act and the
Health Act. The water supply organizations, in their capacity of structures, carrying out
water supply activity for drinking-domestic purposes, are responsible for the fulfilment
of the legislation requirements for drinking water, including drinking water quality
monitoring in its full volume. In the designated territory of Water Supply and Sewerage
OOD – Kardzhali constant monitoring of drinking water in separate stations according
to an approved schedule which is updated each year and periodical monitoring are
being performed.
According to the effective legislation, state health control of drinking water is
performed by the Ministry of Health, respectively RHI in the following major directions:
- Drinking water quality monitoring in all settlements of the country is carried out
by taking samples as well as by conducting laboratory analysis: of raw water
from the water sources for drinking-domestic water supply, at the “end
consumer”, of water at different stages of its treatment, of water delivery to the
“end consumer”, water from independently supplied sites, water from
“independently supplied sites”.
- RHIs are obliged to carry out at least 50% of the full volume of investigations,
which need to be executed by the WSSC.
- RHI exercises control over the sanitary protection zone of the sites and
facilities intended for central drinking-domestic water supply: water sources,
water abstraction facilities, sanitary protection zones (SPZ), drinking water
treatment plants (DWTP), disinfection installations – chlorination and other
stations for water disinfection, reservoirs, independently supplied sites,
bathing zones, etc.
The water supplied to consumers in the designated territory serviced by ViK OOD-
Kardzhali has good quality and is suitable for drinking and household purposes. There
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are no infectious or other diseases registered in the last years due to the use of
drinking water. Part of the problems is due to failures of the treatment facilities, of
parts of the sewerage network, reasons related to the water abstraction facilities, etc.
During the monitoring of the physico-chemical and microbiological indicators in
drinking water in the period of 2008 – 2012 an annual level of standard compliance
percentage ranging within 99,02% – 99.77% is achieved for all parameters, i.e. less
than 1% deviation. A table including data of the permanent monitoring conducted
(covering only part of the observed parameters) and periodic monitoring is given in
Appendix 2-4.Control over the water quality is exercised pursuant to Ordinance №9
/16.03.2001 on the quality of water for drinking and household purposes (SG No. 30 /
2001). With the available equipment of the company chemical laboratory permanent
and regular monitoring can be carried out only for half of the monitored physico-
chemical and other parameters, but for all microbiological parameters (the remaining
chemical and radiological indicators are assigned to external laboratories). Envisaged
is the full testing of the more significant water sources with capacity of more than
14000 m3 overnight: for Borovitsa Dam and for zones above 3000 m3/day –
Krumovitsa zone and Varbitsa zone. For more data – see Appendix 3-3 and Appendix
3-4.
In the Permanent Monitoring (PM) carried out in the period 2008-2012 (only part of the
monitored parameters are covered) and in the Periodic Monitoring (PRM) deviations of
single indicators were found not compliant with the requirements of Ordinance №9
/16.03.2001 on the quality of water for drinking and household purposes. The
registered deviations should be eliminated in the shortest possible term by envisaging
the respective efficient measures.
Physico-chemical indicators -
Deviations from the requirements of Ordinance No 9 /16.03.2001 have been
registered (mainly deviations in the parameter turbidity and rarely for рН).
Higher content of residual chlorine - overdosing chlorine for water disinfection during
not well controlled work of the disinfection installations and their management control
management.
Table 2-19 Registered deviations from the requirements of Ordinance №9/16.03.2001
№
Year
Samples with registered deviations from the requirements of Ordinance
№9 /16.03.2001
Total number of samples
with deviations
% of the total number tested
samples
Including samples
with deviations in
physico-chemical
indicators
Deviations of the
microbiological
indicators
1 2008 55 – 0.98% 17 – 0.49% 38 – 1.76%
2 2009 38 – 0.52%
3 2010 40 – 0.63 %
4 2011 26 – 0.26 %
5 2012 17 – 0.02% 1 – 0.02% 16 – 0.41%
Reference of the monitoring carried out for 2008-2012 – in Appendix 2-4.
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Discrepancies in microbiological parameters – The registered deviations are below 1%
(there is a tendency to minimize the deviations from the legal requirements). The
problem is of leading health importance (as per recommendations of the World Health
Organization non-standard annual values of the health important microbiological
parameters must not exceed 5%) and creates a direct risk to the consumers’ health. It
is expected to occur in emergency breakdown situations, in cases of insufficient
disinfection, etc. Main reasons are: lack of treatment or obsolete, inefficient existing
wastewater treatment facilities.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 2.3.12.
The service area of Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali can be
characterized as both urban and rural with approximately half of the population living
in large number of smaller settlements. The resulting low population density and the
negative demographic development will exert significant influence on future
investments in water and wastewater networks, keeping in mind the constant trend
towards urbanization. In addition, smaller settlements are likely to lose population
more rapidly than larger towns in the designated territory. Some of the settlements
with population of over 2,000 people in 2011 will most likely have less than 2,000
people in the next 10 to 15 years. However, population will decrease slower than
observed in the 10-year historical period.
Economy in the designated territory is growing with lower than the national rate for the
last 10 years. This tendency is about to continue and regional and national disparities
will get bigger unless both national and local measures are taken. These include
improvement of existing infrastructure, incentives for investors, etc…The process of
urbanization will result in the need of more employment opportunities and higher
monetary income of households that will no longer rely on subsistence farming. On
the other hand the reduction of the population in the smaller settlements causes
serious issues related to the future economic efficiency at the realization of investment
projects.
2.4. WSS SERVICES
WSS OPERATORS 2.4.1.
Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali is registered with Decision № 176 of
05.09.1991 of the Kardzhali District Court with main activities maintenance and
exploitation of water supply and sewerage systems, water supply dams, treatment
plants and internal settlement water supply and sewerage systems. On 02.07.1997
the company is re-registered from EOOD to ViK OOD Kardzhali. The company
performs its business pursuant to the Water Supply and Sewerage Services
Regulation Act. Allocation of the company capital is in partnership as follows:
• 51% State participation represented by MRDPW Sofia
• 18% Kardzhali Municipality
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• 8% Krumovgrad Municipality
• 8% Kirkovo Municipality
• 5% Momchilgrad Municipality
• 4% Ardino Municipality
• 3% Dzhebel Municipality
• 3% Chernoochene Municipality
Principal’s functions of the state participation are carried out by the Minister of
Regional Development and Public Works.
The overall financial status of the company is good. In the last financial years it had
minimum profit. For its investment activity the company used a loan from the World
Bank amounting to USD 1600000 with maturity up to 2011. Due to the low return rate
of water price, the company has difficulties paying it off. The company has positive but
very low profitability. It does not allow the company to self-finance its development and
limits the possibilities for using the attracted funding.
The total capital of the company amounts to EUR 161,600.2 (BGN 316,090). In 2011,
the turnover amounts to EUR 3,658,040 (BGN 7,154,396) and the net revenue is
equal to EUR 3,325,337 (BGN 6,503,694).
“Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD Kardzhali provides water supply and sewerage
services in 244 settlements on the territory of the municipalities of Ardino, Dzhebel,
Kirkovo, Krumovgrad, Kardzhali, Momchilgrad and Chernoochene.
“Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD Kardzhali organization has a well-functioning
structure compliant with the external and internal requirements to the company and
services delivered.
Organizational structure
The organizational structure of “Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD Kardzhali is with
technical/engineering direction and of highly production nature.
The operational activities are routine, the processes are highly standardized. The
machines and part of the equipment have been installed several decades ago, due to
which the main part of the activity aims at system maintenance and repairs.
Staff
The structure of the work based mainly on the organizational structure influences
significantly the employees, their satisfaction and efficiency in the implementation of
tasks. The policy in the sphere of professional qualification and re-qualification is
hampered by the lack of educational unit in the area, which offers and conducts
appropriate vocational training. Attracting qualified water and sanitation engineers is a
serious problem due to the long distance between Kardzhali and the university centre
Sofia. However considering the positive trends in urban development part of these
problems are expected to be solved in the near future.
The information about the staff of “Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD Kardzhali is
summarized in the tables below:
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Table 2-20 Total number of employees by position and qualification
Employee type Total number
Managers / Engineers 8
Administrative staff / Technicians 32
Qualified workers 281
Unqualified workers 24
Table 2-21 Total number of employees by age
Age of employees Total number
Below 30 13
30 – 39 49
40 – 49 99
50 – 59 159
60 and above 25
WATER SERVICES AND TARIFF POLICY 2.4.2.
ViK OOD Kardzhali mainly provides services related to water supply and wastewater
collection. The water company is a local monopolist in this sector with no other
competitors in the water supply to the business, administration and population, as well
as in wastewater collection. The services are provided 24 hours a day, seven days a
week i.e. continuously.
The water operator has the right to determine the price level in compliance with the
Water Supply and Sewerage Services Regulation Act, the Ordinance for the price
formation of water supply and sewerage services as well as the Methodological
guidelines for preparation of water operators business plans, published by the
SEWRC.
The state regulation of activities in the water supply and sewerage services is
performed by the SEWRC. It is responsible for monitoring the implementation of the
quality of the service provided by the water operators and used in their business
plans.
The business plan of each water operator clearly describes all parameters required by
the SEWRC for determining the prices using a specific methodology for assessing the
expedience and legal compliance of the prices suggested by the operator.
Detailed instructions for regulation of water and sewerage services prices by applying
the upper price limit method is described in the following document:
http://www.dker.bg/files/DOWNLOAD/direct_vik5.
The prices of WSS services, provided by ViK OOD Kardzhali, which are approved by
SEWRC and are made effective as of 28.02.2013 are presented in the table below:
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Table 2-22 Water services and Tariff Policy
No TYPES OF SERVICES Unit Price w/o VAT VAT 20% Price VAT incl.
1 Drinking water supply – pumping BGN/m3 1.20 0.24 1.44
2 Drinking water supply – gravity BGN/m3 0.83 0.17 1.00
3 Non-drinking water supply BGN/m3 0.65 0.13 0.78
4 Domestic and industrial wastewater
discharge BGN/m3 0.09 0.018 0.108
CENTRALISED HEATING SERVICES SUPPLY 2.4.3.
On the territory of Kardzhali District, no centralized heating services are provided.
PRIVATE WSS OPERATORS IN THE AREA 2.4.4.
There are no private WSS Operators on the territory of Kardzhali District.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 2.4.5.
The prices of WSS services are determined by the State Energy and Water
Regulation Commission. They reflect the network maintenance costs, the treatment
and water supply costs as well as the investment costs. If the need for investments is
big this will also affect the prices of WSS services. It is up to the municipality and the
operator to determine the level of investments in order to ensure the reducing of
losses and the quality of the services. Compared to other European countries the
price of water in Bulgaria is lower. In Germany for example through the years large
investments have been made in network renewal and as a result the percentage of
losses in the network is very low, but at the same time the prices of water are very
high. It is a matter of political decision and choice of policy. If Bulgaria decides to have
a higher price this would allow for investing more in the network, reducing losses,
treating more waste water, since in many cities in Bulgaria this is not done. But all this
requires investments. They can come from the European Union too, but part of them
must probably be provided from the price of WSS services.
The prices of WSS services on the territory of “Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD -
Kardzhali are below the average for the country. Based on data provided by the
National Institute of Statistics (NIS) for the social affordability of the WSS services
tariffs by regions and districts for 2011, the average for: Kardzhali District is 3,39
BGN/m3, and for the country – 4,43 BGN/m3, and for the South Central Region – 4,17
BGN/m3. Investments must be directed with a priority to the supply of quality water to
consumers, the reduction of losses and the increasing of energy efficiency in the water
supply sector and the increasing of the population connection rate to the sewerage
systems and the WWTP in the sewerage and waste water treatment sect
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3. ASSESSMENT OF THE EXISTING SITUATION AND NEEDS FOR
WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE SYSTEMS
3.1. WATER RESOURCES
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 3.1.1.
Water resources in the area are formed by groundwater and surface water sources,
which are recharged by precipitations.
The designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali has available the following water
resources:
Surface water
Arda River is a river with water bodies under codes BG3AR100R006,
BG3AR100R008, BG3AR100R020 and BG3AR100R028. The first and the second
water body fall respectively in 20% and 50% on the territory of the Municipality of
Krumovgrad, the third – 100% on the territory of the Municipality of Kardzhali, and the
fourth – 60% on the territory of the Municipality of Ardino.
Varbitsa River is the longest and most abundant tributary to Arda River, flowing
entirely on the territory of Smolyan and Kardzhali Districts. Its water body is under
code BG3AR400R074- Varbitsa River and the tributaries from the town of Zlatograd to
the mouth. 50% of it is on the territory of the Municipality of Kirkovo, 20% - on the
territory of the Municipality of Momchilgrad, 25% - on the territory of the Municipality of
Dzhebel, and 5% - on the territory of the Municipality of Krumovgrad.
Krumovitsa River is a water body under code BG3AR200R009 – Krumovitsa River
and tributaries. 10% of it is on the territory of the Municipality of Kirkovo, 10% - on the
territory of the Municipality of Momchilgrad, and 80% - on the territory of the
Municipality of Krumovgrad.
Borovitsa River is a water body under codes BG3AR600R024 – Borovitsa River and
tributaries from Borovitsa Dam to its mouth in Kardzhali Dam and BG3AR600R026 –
the spring of Borovitsa River to Borovitsa Dam. 60% of the first body is on the territory
of the municipality of Chernoochene, 5% - on the territory of the Municipality of Ardino,
and 15% - on the territory of the Municipality of Kardzhali. 30% of the second body is
on the territory of the Municipality of Chernoochene.
Perperek River is a water body under code BG3AR300R011 – Perperek River to its
mouth in Studen Kladenets Dam. 40% of it is on the territory of the Municipality of
Chernoochene and 60% - on the territory of the Municipality of Kardzhali.
Kioshdere River is a water body under code BG3AR500R019- Kioshdere – tributary
to Arda River in its part between Kardzhali Dam and Studen Kladenets Dam. 20% of it
is on the territory of the Municipality of Ardino and 80% - on the territory of the
Municipality of Kardzhali.
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Kosma dere River is a water body under code BG3AR300R013. 100% of it is on the
territory of the Municipality of Momchilgrad. There is a river intake on it for domestic
drinking water supply of the village Raven.
Buyukdere (Golemitsa) River is a water body under code BG3AR300R012. 100% of
it is on the territory of the Municipality of Momchilgrad.
Davidkovska River is a water body under code BG3AR700R027. 5% of it is on the
territory of the Municipality of Chernoochene and 10% - on the territory of the
Municipality of Ardino.
Nedelinska River is a water body under code BG3AR400R016 – Nedelinska River
(Uzundere) – left tributary to Varbitsa River. 10% of it is on the territory of the
Municipality of Dzhebel.
Harmanliiska River is a right tributary of Maritsa River with water body under code
BG3MA100R013. 50% of it is on the territory of the Municipality of Chernoochene.
Byala River is a water body under code BG3AR100R210. 20% of it is on the territory
of the Municipality of Krumovgrad.
Kardzhali Dam is a water body under code BG3AR570L021. 50% of it is on the
territory of the municipality of Kardzhali and 50% - on the territory of the Municipality of
Ardino.
Studen Kladenets Dam is a water body under code BG3AR350L010. 70% of it is on
the territory of the Municipality of Kardzhali, 10% - on the territory of the Municipality of
Momchilgrad and 5% - on the territory of the Municipality of Krumovgrad.
Borovitsa Dam is a water body under code BG3AR600L025. 100% of it is on the
territory of the Municipality of Chernoochene.
Trakiets Dam is a water body under code BG3MA100L012. 50% of it is on the
territory of the Municipality of Chernoochene.
Benkovski Dam is a water body under code BG3AR400L015. 50% of it is on the
territory of the Municipality of Kirkovo and 50% - on the territory of the Municipality of
Dzhebel.
Surface water quantity and quality in the designated territory of Kardzhali makes it
suitable for domestic-drinking water supply and therefore there is one surface water
abstraction facility on the Kosma dere River and one dam – Borovitsa, for domestic-
drinking water supply constructed in the designated territory.
Groundwater
The settlements on the territory of Kardzhali District use part of the water resources of
groundwater in the groundwater bodies “Karst water – Ardino-Nedelinski basin” under
code BG3G00000Pt042, “Fissure water in the Central Rhodopes complex” under code
BG3G00000Pt046, “Fissure water in the East Rhodopes complex” under code
BG3G00000Pg028 and “Pore water in Quarternary – Arda River” under code
BG3G000000Q010.
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The area, resources and permitted annual water abstraction volume from the said
groundwater bodies is shown on a regional level in the following table, based on data
from River Basin Management Plan in East Aegean Sea Region – Plovdiv:
Table 3-1 Regional Resources and Permitted Groundwater Abstraction, yearly
Code of
Groundwater Body
(GWB)
GWB area
km2
Regional resources, l/s Permitted
annual water
abstraction, l/s
Free
quantities, l/s Natural Available
BG3G00000Pt042 68 68 68 66.1 1.9
BG3G00000Pt046 2,241 2,241 1,116 79.9 1,036.1
BG3G00000Pg028 3,228 968 968 73.9 894.1
BG3G000000Q010 101 202 202 49.7 152.3
SURFACE WATER SOURCES 3.1.2.
General 3.1.2.1.
The designated territory of ViK OOD-Kardzhali includes parts of the catchment areas
in the middle courses of the river of Maritsa and its tributaries in this part of the river.
Their orohydrographic characteristics are given in Table № 3-2.
Table 3-2 Orohydrographic Characteristics of the Rivers in the Designated Territory of ViK OOD -
Kardzhali
River Length
of river
Length of river
in the
designated
territory of ViK
Area of
Catchment
Basin
River
Average
Slope
Average
Slope of
Catchment
Area
Afforesta
tion
km km km2 %
Arda 241.3 178 5,201 5,8 0.320 34.4
Varbitsa 98.1 55 1,203 11 0.242 43.3
Krumovitsa 58.5 58.5 670.8 19 0.206 35.3
Borovitsa 42 42 300.6 - - --
Harmanliiska 91.93 91.93 952 5,3 0.097 45
Byala reka 72.3 72.3 448 - - -
Davidkovska 35.7 35.7 232 - - -
Perperek 44 44 219.9 - - --
Kioshdere 20.9 20.9 41.9 - - -
More detailed data on surface water in the area of ViK Kardzhali are presented in
Appendix 3-1.
Surface water quantity 3.1.2.2.
For measuring surface water quantity and quality on the designated territory of
Kardzhali, the existing and operational reference hydrometric network of the valleys of
Maritsa, Arda, Tundzha Rivers and their tributaries is used. It consists of 8 hydrometric
stations (HMS), of which 2 HMS are at Maritsa River, 1 – at Arda River, and the
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remaining 5 HMS – at their main tributaries in the region of the designated territory of
Kardzhali.
Table 3-3 Surface water flow
No. Location of Hydrometric
Station
Area of
Catchment
Basin
[km2]
Flow module
[l/s/km2]
Average
Water
Volumes
[m³/s]
Minimum
Flow
[m³/s]
Maximum
Flow
[m³/s]
1. Arda River, village of
Vehtino (HMS 61700) 858.4 17.723 15.213 6.534 26.000
2. Arda River at Ivaylovgrad
Dam 5,060 13.98 70.75 26.31 144.7
3. Varbitsa River, town of
Dzhebel (HMS 61500) 1,149 14.431 16.581 4.912 37.400
4. Krumovitsa River, town of
Krumovgrad (HMS 61550) 497.6 14.712 7.320 2.827 15.100
5.
Harmanliiska River at the
town of Harmanli (HMS №
73550
952 4.459 4.245 1.409 10.100
6.
Byala River, village of
Dolno Lukovo (HMS №
62800)
448 11.705 5.244 1.805 16.019
Source: River Basin Management Plan, Basin Directorate for Water Management in
East Aegean Sea Region
In the designated territory of ViK OOD - Kardzhali there are two surface water sources
for domestic-drinking water supply. The surface water of Borovitsa dam is used for the
domestic-drinking water supply of the town of Kardzhali, town of Momchilgrad and 47
settlements in the municipalities of Kardzhali, Momchilgrad and Chernoochene. The
surface water of Kosma dere River are used for the water supply of the village of
Raven only for two months in the year (according to information from ViK OOD –
Kardzhali. The surface water of the other rivers and dams in the designated territory is
used only for irrigation, aquaculture and power generation. The water quantities
supplied by ViK OOD-Kardzhali for domestic-drinking water supply in the period 2009-
2011 are given in Table 3-4.
Table 3-4 Surface water abstraction for 2009-2011
No.
River/dam –
Location of water
intake
Manner of water use Year
Average
abstracted
quantity
[l/sec]
Average
abstracted
quantity
[m3/day]
Average
abstracted
quantity
[m³/year]
1.
River water intake
– Kosma dere
River
Domestic-drinking water
supply of the village of
Raven, municipality of
Momchilgrad
2009 4..00 158.33 9,500
2010 4.00 134.17 8,050
2011 4.00 159.83 9,590
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No.
River/dam –
Location of water
intake
Manner of water use Year
Average
abstracted
quantity
[l/sec]
Average
abstracted
quantity
[m3/day]
Average
abstracted
quantity
[m³/year]
2. Borovitsa Dam
Domestic-drinking water
supply of the towns of
Kardzhali and
Momchilgrad and 47
settlements in the
municipalities of
Kardzhali, Momchilgrad
and Chernoochene
2009 178.08 15,385.90 5,615,851
2010 172.65 14,917.25 5,444,797
2011 176.50 15,249.19 5,565,954
TOTAL:
2009 182.08 15,544.23 5,625,351
2010 176.65 15,051.42 5,452,847
2011 180.50 15,409.02 5,575,544
Source: ViK Kardzhali
Water quantities permitted for abstraction by Basin Directorate for Water Management
in East Aegean Sea Region are given in Table 3.5.
Table 3-5 Water quantities permitted for abstraction by Basin Directorate for Water Management in
East Aegean Sea Region for 2009-2011
No. River/dam – Location of
water intake Manner of water use
Average water
quantity
permitted for
abstraction [l/s]
Average water
quantity
permitted for
abstraction
[m³/year]
1.
River water intake – Kosma
dere River
Domestic-drinking water
supply of the village Raven,
municipality of Momchilgrad
2.45 37,960
2. Borovitsa Dam
Domestic-drinking water
supply of the towns of
Kardzhali and Momchilgrad
and 47 settlements in the
municipalities of Kardzhali,
Momchilgrad and
Chernoochene
800 10,200,000
Source: Basin Directorate for Water Management in East Aegean Sea Region
The total maximum flow of all surface water sources is Qavailable = 802,45 l/s , ,
Qyear=10,237.96.103m3.
Variations of surface water flows – monthly and ann ual for 2011
The characteristics of the natural annual flow by water quantities and in water volumes
by HMS, located within the designated territory of Kardzhali are given in Appendix 3-1.
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The assessment of the river flow distribution throughout the year indicates that the
run-off modulus, reflecting the average flow formation intensity in the catchment areas
of the rivers on the designated territory of ViK Kardzhali changes within the range of
13.98 – 17.723 l/s/km2 at the respective HMSs, i.e. relatively small territorial
differences due to the uniform topography and the insignificant variations in altitudes
of the separate catchment areas of the rivers along Arda River basin and the
significantly lower values for the basin of Harmanliiska River.
The minimum annual flow has values of 2.827 m3/s for Krumovitsa River to 26.31 m3/s
for Arda River. Compared to the basin area the annual minimum flow varies
significantly.
Table 3-6 presents the internal annual distributions by months in percent for typical
points along the main rivers in the designated territory of Kardzhali.
Table 3-6 Percent flow distribution by months at typical points
N River, point I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Year
1 Arda River, village of Vehtino,
HMS №61700, 11.4 15.3 14.0 13.4 9.8 6.6 3.4 1.8 1.6 2.6 7.0 13.4 100
2. Arda River – Ivaylovgrad Dam 13.1 17.75 14.43 11.5 8.24 5.43 2.58 1.32 1.2 2.6 6.9 14.95 100
3. Varbitsa River, town of Dzhebel,
HMS №61500 15.2 21.2 14.3 9.4 6.3 3.5 1.3 0.5 0.8 2.8 7.6 17.7 100
4. Krumovitsa River, town of
Krumovgrad, HMS № 61550, 15.2 22.0 15.3 9.9 6.4 3.3 1.1 0.4 0.7 2.4 6.9 17.1 100
5. Harmanliiska River at the town of
Harmanli, HMS № 73550 12.5 19.5 16.4 9.3 7.7 5.1 3.8 3.5 3.3 4.5 4.7 9.7 100
6. Byala River, village of Dolno
Lukovo, HMS № 62800 14.7 23.9 17.0 10.9 7.4 3.3 0.7 0.3 0.4 1.9 5.9 14.6 100
In Appendix 3-1 (tables 2 and 3) is presented a summarized evaluation of the
territorial and temporal variation of the river flow by months and years for the entire
basin, separately for the annual flow and its internal annual distribution.
Common for the hydrological regime of all Arda River springs is that they are more
water abundant. Most of the rivers with small catchment areas are characterized by
the two extremities: total dry up and sudden big floods during intensive rainfall.
There is also significant unevenness of the summarized annual flows, which during
dry years fall down to 30% of the annual average, and during water abundant years
raise to 300% above it. This torrential character is transferred to the main river –
Arda, as well. The calculations presented in Table 3-6 of the percent distribution of
the flow by months in percent for typical points along the main rivers in the
designated territory of Kardzhali show that along the basin of Arda River the
combination of Continental and Mediterranean climate impact, forming the internal
annual distribution of precipitation, the evaporation potential and the accumulation of
water in the snow cover form the differences among the various catchment areas. It
is visible that for the southern tributaries high water, with share of 17 – 22%, is in
December and February, and low water, with share below 0,4 – 0,8%, is in July –
September. The northern tributaries have a smooth maximum in February – April, with
a share of 10 – 15%, which is governed mainly by precipitation, whose regime is
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almost equal to that of the flow, and a smooth minimum in August – September, with a
share of 1.7 – 3.2%, as a result of precipitation decline. Naturally, along the main river
there is a combination of these two conditions with a prevailing participation of the
southern tributaries for the lower part of the valley. From water economic point of view
the northern tributaries have better monthly distribution of the flow.
The hydrological regime of Varbitsa River at the town of Dzhebel and of Krumovitsa
River at the town of Krumovgrad is characterized by two peaks. The primary peak is in
January-February and the secondary – in October-November. Usually there is one
minimum which starts from May till the end of September, as a result of precipitation
decline, which is mainly in August. The spring maximum is almost during the winter
season, which proves that freshets are resulting from rainfall and there is almost no
feeding through snow melting. In the beginning of October as a result of the rainfall,
there is an increase in the flow and the autumn maximum occurs.
The general hydrological regime typical for the south-eastern tributaries along Maritsa
River (in this case Harmanliiska River) is that, the left tributaries are less water
abundant due to the less rainfall and lower altitude. The freshet maximum for them is
in February and the minimum of low waters – in August-September.
The flow of Byala River is formed under the influence of the Mediterranean climate
and varies significantly. The flow variation coefficient at the village of Dolno Lukovo is
very high – 0.616, as is the asymmetry coefficient – 1.785. The run-off module is 11.7
l/s per sq. km as a result of the insignificant altitude. During the maximum flow
(February) Byala River turns into a big river, washes away bridges, forms broad
meanders. Typical for the monthly minimum flow is that it is almost or equal to zero for
Byala River at the village of Dolno Lukovo. This peculiarity is typical for catchment
areas under Mediterranean climate influence, typical for which is the unfavourable
inter annual distribution of precipitation.
Surface water quality 3.1.2.3.
The surface water in the region of the designated territory are used for drinking water
supply, water for technical needs, for irrigation, for recreation and the water bodies
receive the industrial and domestic wastewater of the region.
Surface water quality used for certain purposes should be consistent with the
requirements.
Condition of the surface water resources for drinki ng and household water
supply.
The assessment of the surface water bodies’ condition is carried out depending on the
category of the water sources in them. The water sources category is determined
based on the results of the monitoring carried out and the standards in Annex 1 to
Ordinance No 12/2002 on the assessment of the condition of surface water for
drinking and household purposes. Pursuant to this ordinance water sources are
classified in three categories depending on water quality – A1, A2, A3, A1 being the
best quality water. On the territory of Kardzhali district there are 2 surface water
catchments for drinking and household water supply in the Arda basin – Borovitsa
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dam and Kosma dere River. In addition another water body has been defined on the
Kazatsite River. A procedure for issuing a drinking and household water supply
permission has been initiated. In Table 3-7 are presented the defined water sources
categories and surface water bodies condition according to data from the 2012
monitoring.
Table 3-7 Surface water bodies condition on the territory of Kardzhali district
№ Protected
territory code Water body code Water body name Water source
Water source
category
Water body
condition
1 BG3DSWAR04 BG3AR600L025
Borovitsa dam -
drinking and
household water
supply
1 Borovitsa
dam A2 A2
2 BG3DSWAR06 BG3AR300R013
Kosma dere River
(tributary of Buyuk
dere River) to the
drinking and
household water
supply catchment
2 Kosma dere
River A3 A3
The two water catchments are category A2 and A3 pursuant to Annex to Ordinance
12 which determines the good condition of the water bodies, i.e. they are suitable for
drinking purposes.
Surface water bodies condition – the water bodies receiving wastewater (with
discharge permission issued by the EASRBMD) must comply with the regulatory
requirements in force. Surface water polluted above the permissible levels creates
health risk conditions to the population in the region. Constant and periodic monitoring
is performed for assessing the water quality in certain points in the water bodies. Based on data from the monitoring is assessed the water body pollution from
wastewater discharges as point-source pollutants. Currently the water bodies are
polluted mainly from untreated domestic and industrial wastewater.
On the territory most typical are National Automated Environmental Monitoring System
points of RIEW-Haskovo, which represent the impact upon the waters of Arda River
and its tributaries. Appendix 3-5 contains more detailed information for the condition of
the surface water bodies.
Specific sensitive zones in the basin of the Arda River:
- the Arda from the springs to the village of Arda;
- the Arda after the village or Arda to the town of Kardzhali;
- Borovitsa dam – sensitive zone;
- Kardzhali dam – sensitive zone;
- the Arda River after the town of Kardzhali to the border;
- Studen Kladenets dam after the joining of Cherna River to the joining of
Krumovitsa River;
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- the Varbitsa River after the village of Benkovski until it flows into Studen
Kladenets dam.
Wastewater from all agglomerations, which are in “sensitive zone” according to
the application of the requirements of Directive 91/271/ЕЕС concerning urban
wastewater treatment for agglomerations of over 10,000 P.E. and agglomerations
of 2,000 to 10,000 P.E., i.e. wastewater from the agglomerations of Kardzhali,
Momchilgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel and Benkovski need to be treated for removal of
the biogenic elements of nitrogen and phosphorus to meet the increased
requirements and in the designed WWTP for the settlements are envisaged
facilities for increased level of reduction of the biogenic elements of Nt and Pt
GROUNDWATER RESOURCES
General 3.1.3.1.
Water Supply and Sewerage OOD Kardzhali services 70 groundwater abstraction
facilities (shaft wells, captured springs and drainages). The water abstraction facilities
are differentiated by type in Table 3-8
Table 3-8 Distribution of water abstraction facilities used
The table below contains information available about the depth of tube and shaft wells,
including their static water level:
Table 3-9 Depth of tube and shaft wells including their static water level
№ Settlement- type of water
abstraction facility Water use site
Well depth
m
Static
water level
M
I Ardino
1 Ardino 2 PS – SW-1 Ardino and Belite Brezi
tourist complex „
SW-1 – 7.00 2.80
SW -2 SW -2 – 6.00 1.70
2 Village of Zhaltusha –
TW
Zhaltusha, Enyovche
Sedlartsi 30.00 4.80
3 Village of Diamandovo–
TW Diamandovo, Padina 31.50 4.00
Settlement Type of water abstraction facilities, number Total
number Shaft wells Tube
wells
Captured
springs
Drainages
Ardino 2 2 3 - 7
Benkovski 1 - - 1 2
Dzhebel 3 - 8 - 11
Krumovgrad 4 1 10 - 15
Kardzhali 8 2 11 1 22
Momchilgrad 8 - 3 2 13
TOTAL 26 5 35 4 70
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№ Settlement- type of water
abstraction facility Water use site
Well depth
m
Static
water level
M
II Dzhebel
1 Dzhebel – SW Dzhebel 4.00 1.00
2 Ptichar PS – SW-1, SW-
2 (5 m)
Velikdenche, Valkovich,
Dushinkovo, Plazishte,
Podvrah, Polyanets,
Rogozare, Skalina,
Slanchogled, Chakaltsi,
Kremenets, G. Dyulevo,
Ptichar
5.00 1,60
III Kardzhali (secondary systems)
1 Village of Yastreb – SW Yastreb-Minzuhar water
supply group No data No data
2 Village of Kaloyantsi -
SW
Most-Bashtino water supply
group No data No data
3 Village of Kostino - TW Kostino 53.60 20.60
4
Stremtsi PS – SW-1
Stremtsi, Sokolyane,
Stremovo
SW-1 – 4.00 0.80
SW-2, SW-3 SW-2 – 8.00 0.80
SW-3 - No
data 0.80
5 G. Krepost PS – SW Gorna Krepost, Dolna
Krepost, Lyulyakovo 10.00 1.20
6 Murgovo PS – TW Murgovo 20.00 No data
7 Chiflik – SW Chiflik, Madrets, Visoka
Polyana 8.00 0.90
8 Perperek – SW 6 Perperek, Kaloyantsi,
Gnyazdovo 6.00 0.80
IV Krumovgrad
1 Krumovgrad PS – 2 SWs
Krumovgrad, Vransko,
Zvanarka, Ovchari, Polsko
Zhelyazovo
8.00 3.40
2 G. Kula PS – SW Gorna Kula 9.00 2.60
3 Gulyika PS – TW
Gulyika, Dazhdovnik,
Kamenka, Pelin, Rogach,
Slivarka
9.50 1.60
4 Strandzhevo PS– SW Strandzhevo 9.00 1.80
V Momchilgrad
1 Balabanovo PS – SW Balabanovo, Varhari 4.80 0.50
2 Zagorsko – 6 SWs Zagorsko, Sokolino,
Chukovo 7.50 1.00
3 Nanovitsa – SW Nanovitsa, Neofit Bozvelievo 3.80 0.40
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№ Settlement- type of water
abstraction facility Water use site
Well depth
m
Static
water level
M
VI Benkovski
1 Village of Benkovski–
SW
Benkovski, Veslets, Dedets,
Dobromirtsi, Dryanova
Glava, Erovete, Zagorski,
Zdravets, Kayaloba, Kitna,
Kozlevo, Medevtsi,
Mogilyane, Maglene,
Mazhevtsi, Peevsko,
Parventsi, Rastnik,
Yagnevo, Yanino, Vazartsi
5.00 2.00
Currently to Water Supply and Sewerage OOD Kardzhali and the municipalities are
issued water abstraction permits to 18 water abstraction facilities. For the remaining
52 water abstraction facilities the water abstraction permits have expired (51 water
abstraction facilities under Permit №0349/06.06.2001 and one water abstraction
facility under Permit №300066/01.09.2003). The permitted water abstraction
quantities, including those with expired permits, are summarized in Appendix 3-2,
which reveals that the total value of the permitted groundwater quantities is 4.0724
million m3/year (129.1 l/sec). Their distribution by groundwater bodies and water
supply systems is presented in Table 3-10.
Table 3-10 Groundwater resources distribution by groundwater bodies and municipalities
Municipality
Permitted water quantities by groundwater
bodies, m3/year
Total
m3/year
BG
3G00
000P
t042
BG
3G00
000P
t046
BG
3G00
000P
g028
BG
3G00
0000
Q01
0
Ardino 398,372 - - 331,128 729,500
Village of
Benkovski - - - 355,000 355,000
Dzhebel - 6,307 113,303 282,930 402,540
Krumovgrad - 21,557 244,500 1,203,200 1,469,257
Kardzhali - 2,488 183,453 557,767 743,708
Momchilgrad - - - 372,415 372,415
Total 398,372 30,352 541,256 3,102,440 4,072,420 Maps of the groundwater bodies are presented in Appendix 2-3.
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Groundwater quantity 3.1.3.2.
Domestic-drinking water supply of the settlements on the designated territory of ViK
OOD- Kardzhali for the period 2009-2011 relies on groundwater (except for the town
of Kardzhali and the northern part of the town of Momchilgrad) through the water
abstraction facilities described in Appendix 3-2.
Groundwater quantity delivered (supplied) in the period 2009-2011 is specified in
Table 3-11.
Table 3-11 Groundwater quantity delivered (supplied) – Year 2009 – 2011
№ Water supply system
Quantity of groundwater delivered
(supplied) [m³/year]
Comment
2009 2010 2011
1 Ardino 140,006 137,922 140,171
2 Benkovski 129,402 131,275 78,295
3 Dzhebel 75,275 72,114 140,009
4 Krumovgrad 232,475 230,134 240,561
5 Kardzhali 2,027,148 2,011,981 1,991,789
Quantity of
groundwater
delivered
(supplied) for
the secondary
systems. The
main water
supply system
uses surface
water
6 Momchilgrad 361,870 347,582 360,443
Total
groundwater
and surface
water
Total 939,028 919,027 959,479
Groundwater quality 3.1.3.3.
The quality of the groundwater, used for domestic-drinking water supply, from all water
abstraction facilities is compliant with Ordinance № 9/16.03.2001 on the quality of
water, intended for drinking water purposes and with the Quality Standard specified in
Ordinance № 1/10.10.2007 on the study, use and protection of groundwater and
Directive 98/83/EC/.
Water quality protection is ensured by establishing sanitary protection zones in three
belts, the boundaries of which are determined under Ordinance № 3/16.10.2000 on
the terms and conditions for investigation, design, approval and operation of sanitary
protection zones around water sources and facilities for drinking water supply as well
as around mineral water sources used for medicinal, preventive, drinking and hygienic
purposes. The quality of groundwater used for domestic-drinking water supply from all
water abstraction facilities is compliant with Ordinance №9/16.03.2001 on the quality
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of water, intended for drinking water purposes and with the Quality Standard specified
in Ordinance № 1/10.10.2007 on the study, use and protection of groundwater and
Directive 98/83/EC/.
Issuing water use permissions, establishing SPZs in three belts around the water
sources and obeying the usage mode on the territory of the respective belt is of
primary importance for protecting water quality.
Table 3-12 Summarized Table of Water Quality
Aquifer zone
/groundwater body/ Compliance with Standards Problematic parameter
Comments
“Karst water – Ardino-
Nedelinski basin”
under code
BG3G00000Pt042
Groundwater quality is
compliant with Ordinance №
9/16.03.2001, Ordinance №
1/10.10.2007 and Directive
98/83/EC/
No problematic
parameters
Water is
suitable for
drinking
purposes
“Fissure water in
Central Rhodopes
Complex” under code
BG3G0000Pt046
Groundwater quality is
compliant with Ordinance №
9/16.03.2001, Ordinance №
1/10.10.2007 and Directive
98/83/EC/
No problematic
parameters
Water is
suitable for
drinking
purposes
“Fissure water in East
Rhodopes Complex
under code
BG3G0000Pg028
Groundwater quality is
compliant with Ordinance №
9/16.03.2001, Ordinance №
1/10.10.2007 and Directive
98/83/EC/
No problematic
parameters
Water is
suitable for
drinking
purposes
“Fissure water –
Krumovgrad-
Kirkovska zone” under
code
BG3G00PtPg023
Groundwater quality is
compliant with Ordinance №
9/16.03.2001, Ordinance №
1/10.10.2007 and Directive
98/83/EC/
Problematic parameter
Fe
Water is not
used for
drinking
purposes
“Fissure water in
Quaternary – Arda
River” under code
BG3G000000Q010
Groundwater quality is
compliant with Ordinance №
9/16.03.2001, Ordinance №
1/10.10.2007 and Directive
98/86/EC/98/83/EC.
No problematic
parameters
Water is
suitable for
drinking
purposes
More data on groundwater quality are presented in Appendix 3-3 and Appendix 3-4.
WATER RIGHTS AND OVERALL UTILISATION OF RESOURCES 3.1.4.
Water rights 3.1.4.1.
The main principle with regard to ownership of natural resources on the territory of the
Republic of Bulgaria is that they are state property. This principle is also applicable to
the property right of waters and water bodies. Public state properties are the river
waters as well as waters in reservoirs including waters in dams and micro-dams,
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natural lakes and groundwater. Public state properties are also complex and sizeable
dams as listed in Annex № 1 under Art.13, para.1 of the Water Act.
Waters and water sites, which do not constitute state property, are public municipal
property. Such are the waters and water sites, i.e. natural springs, lakes and swamps,
where located on land constituting municipal property, including mineral waters, dams
and micro-dams.
Private ownership of waters and water sites is also possible, but only of the ones
issuing from within the boundaries of the private real estates and lakes, which are not
fed by waters of public state or public municipal property.
Table 3-13 Usage permissions for the resources for domestic-drinking water supply
№ Settlement Water Abstraction
Facilities
Number and Date of the
Water Abstraction Permit
Water Body Code
1. Village of Raven,
Municipality of
Momchilgrad
Water intake of Kosma
dere River
31110010 / 02.06.2009 BG3AR300R013
2. Village of
Bezvodno,
Municipality of
Chernoochene
Borovitsa Dam № 003538/ 18.03.2005 BG3AR600L025
Source: River Basin Management Plan for East Aegean Sea Region
The groundwater, under Art. 11, item 3 of the Water Act, is public state property .
Groundwater abstraction is to be carried out on the basis of the water abstraction
permits issued by the Basin Directorate for Water Management in East Aegean Sea
Region with headquarters in the town of Plovdiv. For further details on water
abstraction permissions see section 3.1.3.1.
Problem areas with scarcity of water or 3.1.4.2.
conflicts among various consumers (domestic, industrial, agricultural and power production)
The water resources in the designated territory of Kardzhali and mainly the surface
flow of the rivers in the region are used by the industrial water sub-sectors of hydro
energy and water supply. There are very few irrigation systems and facilities on the
territory.
Domestic-drinking water supply
Main water consumers are as follows:
1. For domestic water supply
In the designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali there is one river water abstraction
from surface water for domestic-drinking water supply. Besides water from Borovitsa
Dam is used for the water supply of the towns of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad and 47
settlements in the municipalities of Kardzhali, Momchilgrad and Chernoochene.
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2. For irrigation
A detailed description of the acting irrigation fields in the designated territory of OOD
Kardzhali, which are in the basins of Arda River and Byala Reka River and their
tributaries is given in Appendix 2.1. There are total of 6 irrigation dams on the territory
of Kardzhali District, which are serviced by “Irrigation Systems” EAD.
3. For power production
In the basin of Arda River and its tributaries included in the designated territory of ViK
OOD Kardzhali, constructed and operational hydropower facilities are: Dolna Arda
cascade, consisting of three dams – Kardzhali, Studen Kladenets and Ivaylovgrad and
three WPP below them. Of these only Ivaylovgrad Dam does not fall within the
designated territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali.
On the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali have not been established problematic zones
with water scarcity or conflicts between various consumers (domestic, industrial,
agricultural and power generation).
Important restrictions on the use of 3.1.4.3.
surface and/or groundwater for each agglomeration
Territories designated for water abstraction for human consumption are presented in
Table 3-14.
Table 3-14 Surface water bodies in the basin of Arda River used for domestic-drinking water supply by
ViK OOD Kardzhali.
№ Code of the
protected area
Code of the
water body
Name of the water
body Water source Location
1 BG3DSWAR04 BG3AR600L025
Borovitsa Dam –
for domestic-
drinking water
supply
Borovitsa
Dam
Chernoochene
Municipality
2 BG3DSWAR06 BG3AR300R013
Kosma Dere River
(tributary to Buyk
Dere) to the water
intake for domestic-
drinking water
supply
Kosma Dere
River
Village of
Raven,
Momchilgrad
Municipality
Water bodies, defined as recreation water, including the groundwater sources
designated for domestic-drinking water supply in the basin of Arda River, which are
under protection for the water quality, are protected by means of establishing sanitary
protection zones.
Bathing areas pursuant to Directive 76/160/EEC
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Table 3-15 Bathing areas stated for the basin of Arda River
Code of the zone Name of the zone Settlement Code of the water
body
Name of the
water body
BG3BATHAR01 Kardzhali Dam,
Beach 1 Village of Brosh BG3AR570L021
Kardzhali
Dam
BG3BATHAR02 Kardzhali Dam,
Beach 2
Village of
Glavatartsi BG3AR570L021
Kardzhali
Dam
BG3BATHAR03 Student Kladenets
Dam
Village of
Gnyazdovo BG3AR350L010
Student
Kladenets
Dam
Areas, defined as vulnerable, aiming to preserve habitats, where the maintenance or
improving the water condition is an important factor for their protection, including the
respective sites under Natura 2000, determined pursuant to the Habitats Directive
92/43/EEC and the Birds Directive 79/409/EEC.
EU Directives on Birds and Habitats and the Decisions of the Council of Ministers set
out the respective areas, where the use of surface and/or groundwater is restricted.
Table 3-16 Protected areas with restricted use of surface and/or ground water
No Agglomeration Water bodies Natura 2000
1. Protected areas under the Habitats Directive.
1.1. Municipality of Chernoochene
and municipality of Ardino Dyadovska River BG3AR700R027
Middle Rhodopes
Protected Area BG
00001031
1.2. Municipality of Chernoochene
and municipality of Kardzhali Perperek River BG3AR300R011
1.3. Municipality of Chernoochene Borovitsa Dam BG3AR600L025
1.4. Municipality of Chernoochene Borovitsa River BG3AR600R026
1.5.
Municipality of Ardino,
municipality of Chernoochene
and municipality of Kardzhali
Borovitsa River BG3AR600R024
1.6. Municipality of Ardino and
municipality of Kardzhali Kardzhali Dam BG3AR570L021
1.7. Municipality of Chernoochene Harmanliiska River, basin of Maritsa
River BG3MA100R013
1.8 Municipality of Chernoochene
and municipality of Kardzhali Perperek River BG3AR300R011
East Rhodopes
Protected Area
BG0001032
1.9
Municipalities of Kirkovo,
Momchilgrad, Kardzhali and
Krumovgrad
Varbitsa River BG3AR400R074
1.10 Municipalities of Momchilgrad,
Kardzhali and Krumovgrad Studen Kladenets Dam BG3AR350L010
1.11 Municipalities of Krumovgrad,
Momchilgrad, and Kirkovo Krumovitsa River BG3AR200R009
1.12 Municipality of Momchilgrad Buyk dere River (Golemitsa)
BG3AR300R012
1.13 Municipality of Momchilgrad Kozma dere River BG3AR300R013
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No Agglomeration Water bodies Natura 2000
1.14 Municipalities of Krumovgrad,
Momchilgrad, and Kirkovo Krumovitsa River BG3AR200R009
1.15 Municipality of Krumovgrad
Arda River from the mouth of
Krumovitsa River to Kardzhali Dam
BG3AR100R006 and Arda River
BG3AR100R008
2.. Protected areas under the Birds Directive 79/409/EEC
2.1. Municipalities of Krumovgrad,
Momchilgrad, and Kirkovo Krumovitsa River BG3AR200R009
Student Kladenets Dam
Protected Area
BG0002013 2.2 Municipality of Krumovgrad Arda River BG3AR100R008
2.3 Municipality of Krumovgrad Arda River BG3AR100R006 and Arda
River BG3AR100R008
Arda River Bridge
Protected Area
BG0002071 2.4
Municipalities of Krumovgrad,
Momchilgrad, and Kirkovo Krumovitsa River BG3AR200R009
2.5 Municipalities of Krumovgrad,
Momchilgrad, and Kirkovo Krumovitsa River BG3AR200R009
Krumovitsa River
Protected Area
BG0002012
2.6 Municipality of Krumovgrad Byala River BG3AR100R210
2.7 Municipality of Krumovgrad Arda River BG3AR100R006
2.8 Municipality of Momchilgrad Buyk dere River (Golemitsa)
BG3AR300R012
2.9 Municipalities of Krumovgrad,
Momchilgrad, and Kirkovo Krumovitsa River BG3AR200R009
Byala River Protected
Area BG0002012 2.10 Municipality of Krumovgrad Byala River BG3AR100R210
Areas, defined as vulnerable, aiming to preserve habitats, where the maintenance or
improving the water condition is an important factor for their protection, including the
respective sites under Natura 2000, determined pursuant to Directive 92/43/EEC and
Directive 79/409/EEC. In order to ensure the conservation of natural habitats and
species habitats, the plans, programmes, projects and investment intentions undergo
assessment for conformity with the subject and the goals of the conservation of the
relevant protected area. The terms and conditions for carrying out such an
assessment are laid down in Ordinance under Art. 31 of the Biodiversity Act.
Zones sensitive to biogenic elements, defined as se nsitive zones pursuant to
Directive 91/271/EEC and zones, defined as sensitive zones pu rsuant to
Directive 91/676/EEC
- All surface water bodies on the territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali, which are
categorized as water recipients in “sensitive zone” and part of them fall within the
requirements for nitrate sensitive zones (presented in section 3.1.2.3.).
- Wastewater from all agglomerations, which are in “sensitive zone” need to be
treated for removal of the biogenic elements of nitrogen and phosphorus to meet
the increased requirements. In the designed WWTP for the agglomerations of
Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel and Benkovski are envisaged facilities
for increased level of reduction of the biogenic elements of Nt and Pt.
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POTENTIAL POLLUTION THREATS 3.1.5.
Potential pollution threats for groundwater are point and diffuse sources of pollution.
Among the point sources for pollution are waste landfills, mill tailing dams, industrial
sites, mines, petroleum facilities and others. Diffuse pollution is mainly from
agricultural sources – agriculture and stock breeding.
The potential pollution threats in the area of the designated territory are among the
major problems having negative influence on surface water and groundwater quality.
Potential pollution threats for surface water are also point and diffuse sources of
pollution.
Table 3-17 Type of pressure used to determine water bodies in risk by different activities
Type of
Pressure Significant sector/Activity
1. Diffuse
pollution
- Urbanized territories without sewerage system and WWTP and lack of sewerage in
many of the settlements in the District. Domestic wastewater from population is
collected in septic tanks and creates real risk for groundwater and people’s health
- Production facilities and grounds of industrial plants and warehouses without
effective platform sewerage system, potential pollutants of soil and water (warehouses
for petroleum products, heavy oil holdings with unresolved past pollution, warehouses
for chemicals used as raw materials in industrial plants, etc.).
Risk of water and soil pollution above the standard is created.
- Agriculture – unregulated application of fertilizers non-compliant with the good agricultural
practice. Warehouses for pesticides and other means for plant protection.
- Stock-breeding –- farms, which do not apply the good stock-breeding practice,
uncontrolled accumulation of manure mass, flow of polluted wastewater, etc. There is
a risk of water pollution above permissible levels with biogenic elements, nitrogen
compounds, phosphorus compounds, etc.
- Waste landfills, unauthorized dump sites, uncontrolled accumulation of construction
and domestic waste in the outskirts of the settlements.
- Car repair and transport activity - washing the transport vehicles at places having no
sewerage, spill of oils and petroleum products, etc.
- Pollution with heavy metals in the regions with developed mining, mill tailing dams,
etc. – inefficient control and management of the sites create conditions for potential
pollution risk in case the environment protection requirements are not met.
2 Point
pollution
- Urbanized territories where settlements have sewerage systems but no WWTP: the
towns of Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel, the village of
Benkovski and others (with forthcoming realization of wastewater treatment facilities)
and partially constructed sewerage of other settlements in the designated territory –
content of organic pollution in the receiving waters is increased, dissolved oxygen
content is decreased, nutrient content is increased, which leads to eutrophication,
conditions for negative impact on biodiversity and sustainable development of water
ecosystem are formed, the self-cleaning capacity of the water body is reduced.
Preconditions for health risk are created
– Industrial enterprises forming wastewater, which is directly discharged in the water
bodies with insuffiently efficient local WWTP or lack of such. Potential pollutants are
some food industry enterprises, transport enterprises, etc. in the designated territory.
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Type of
Pressure Significant sector/Activity
In some areas of Arda River catchment area are found pollutants containing heavy
metals Cd, Pb, Ni and other from developed mining and metal ore dressing (limiting
are old pollution damages).
Arda River – from the town of Kardzhali to the border with the Republic of Greece –
pollution is registered in the following areas:
- Studen Kladenets Dam – wastewater discharge from OTsK Kardzhali and
accumulation of sediments at the dam tail. Single pollution cases are also registered
in the middle and at the dike of Studen Kladenets Dam;
- Arda River after Studen Kladenets Dam, periodical pollution is found at the bridge
between the village of Potochnitsa (municipality of Krumovgrad) and outside the
designated territory – the village of Rabovo (municipality of Stambolovo, Haskovo
District);
- stock-breading farms and others creating conditions for uncontrolled emergency
discharge of waters;
- Industrial enterprises forming wastewater, which is discharged in the sewerages of
the settlements without efficient local WWTP – this creates a risk of volley pollution of
the joint wastewater flow and can compromise the optimal water treatment in the
future WWTP.
3. Morphological
alterations
Industry/extraction of sand and inert materials, etc. Embankments and corrections of
rivers
4. Other specific
items
Erosion processes, intrusion
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 3.1.6.
“Water Supply and Sewerage” OOD Kardzhali and the municipalities have sufficient
groundwater and surface quantity and resources to meet the domestic-drinking and
other water needs of the people in the serviced settlements. There are no restrictions
on the use of surface water and groundwater for drinking water supply and other
purposes as their determined resources and water quality fully satisfy the
requirements in the relevant legal and statutory documents i.e. Water Act, Ordinance
№ 1/10.10.2007 on groundwater exploration, use and protection, Ordinance № 2
concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from
agricultural sources, Ordinance № 3/16.10.2000 on the terms and conditions for
investigation, design, approval and operation of sanitary protection zones around
water sources and facilities for domestic- drinking water supply as well as around
mineral water sources used for medicinal, preventive, drinking and hygienic purposes,
Ordinance № 9/16.03.2001 on the quality of water, intended for drinking purposes,
Directive 98/83/EC/ concerning the quality of water intended for human consumption,
etc.
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3.2. WATER POLLUTION
MAJOR POLLUTION SOURCES
Water pollution sources are related to anthropogenic activities
Point sources of surface water pollution:
Point sources of pollution are the main reason for pollution of water bodies above the
norm and for deterioration of their chemical and ecological status. The main sources,
forming the total wastewater flow of the point sources of pollution are the population
and the industries in a given settlement. The population produces pollution load
characterised by the main indicators of BOD5 and COD, Suspended solids and
biogenic elements with organic content, demonstrated in the various forms of nitrogen
and phosphorus.
- Discharge of untreated wastewater from the sewerage collectors of the town of
Kardzhali – in Arda River, from the town of Momchilgrad – in creeks, tributaries to
Varbitsa River, from the town of Krumovgrad – in Krumovitsa River, from the town
of Ardino – in Ardinska River, from the town of Dzhebel – in Dzhebelska River,
from the village of Benkovski – in Varbitsa River and from other settlements with
partially constructed sewerage. Domestic and non-domestic wastewater is
discharged without treatment in rivers and creeks, thus polluting soil and
groundwater. This causes risk for the health of the population, unfavorable living
conditions, polluted environment.
- Discharge of wastewater from separate sites without industrial WWTP or with
such treatment facilities, which do not treat wastewater to the specified
requirements for the individual emission restrictions, according to the discharge
permits. The sites which activity forms biodegradable industrial wastewater – milk
processing sites, fruit and vegetables production, meat industry, have constructed
wastewater treatment plants but almost all sites have problems with the quality of
treated wastewater, which in many cases pollutes the recipients. Food industry
enterprises: milk processing enterprise in the village of Dobromirtsi, municipality
of Kirkovo, the brandy (rakiya) brewing facilities, ET “BIT-Penka Aladzhova”, town
of Kardzhali and others; hotel complex “Glavatarski han”, village of Glavatartsi
discharge wastewater unregulated near Kardzhali Dam and many other
enterprises and sites discharge their wastewater without sufficient treatment in
the water bodies.
- Many of the small agglomerations have partially constructed sewerage systems
and direct connections of some establishments, which poses health risk.
- Pollution from the developed mining and metal ore dressing with priority heavy
metals (cadmium Cd, plumbum Pb and nickel Ni) is found in the catchment area
of Arda River. Very poor is the water condition of Studen Kladenets Dam (tail),
where industrial wastewater from “OtsK” Kardzhali and untreated wastewater
from the sewerage of the town of Kardzhali is discharged. In this sector there are
sediments containing heavy metals and organic substances, accumulated in the
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last decades. The River Basin Management Plan for East Aegean Sea Region for
2010-2015 envisages a measure for modernization of industrial WWTP and
providing suitable treatment, improving Kardzhali 2 mill tailing dam management
and constructing urban WWTP for the town of Kardzhali.
Diffuse sources of pollution:
Main sources of diffuse pollution are:
- Urbanized territories (sectors in the villages and other sites) without sewerage
system (using septic tanks, absorption wells, etc.). A big part of the wastewater is
usually discharged in the land layers and are prerequisite for pollution of points,
ground and surface water and posing health risk in the region
- Waste – unauthorised domestic solid waste landfills. Uncontrolled waste disposal.
- Stock-breading – uncontrolled accumulation of manure mass
- Road and railway transport, as well as activities related to transport maintenance;
- Industry – industrial grounds, warehouse areas of the companies, etc.
Industry – a source of wastewater pollution.
The industrial companies are situated mainly in the municipal centres with prevailing
number in the municipal centre – the town of Kardzhali. On the territory serviced by
ViK Kardzhali function industrial companies and the bigger part of them are connected
to the sewerages of the settlements or discharge independently in separate recipients.
Connected are companies from the food industry (production of bread and bakery
products, confectioneries, small factories for soft drinks, milk processing and meat
processing companies, etc.), wastewater from machine building enterprises, wood
processing, textile, transport companies, etc., which form wastewater with pollution
that will be included for reduction at the future WWTP as a ratio to the total burden.
Wastewater from the food industry is characterized by high content of organics,
suspended solids, biogenic elements and fat of plant and animal origin. Almost all
enterprises have constructed local WWTP but many of them does not treat the
wastewater to meet the requirements for discharge in the water bodies.
Wastewater from the wood processing and textile enterprises has pollution of
domestic type. Wastewater from machine building does not have organic pollution.
Wastewater from gas stations, car services and other transport companies is with
restricted organic pollution and contains grease and oil products (if the mud and
grease trap works efficiently no abnormal pollution is expected).
Wastewater from mining and ore dressing is polluted with heavy metals but with strict
control and efficient water management, and respectively treatment facilities,
wastewater pollution can be reduced to values, required by the current legislation.
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Table 3-18 Major industrial sources of pollution in Kardzhali District and quantities, discharged into
surface water.
River Basin Pollution Source
Volume of
wastewater
discharged
into receiving
water body
[million
m³/year]
Pollution load
discharged into
receiving water
body [kg.
BOD/year]
Pollution
load
discharged
into
receiving
water body
[PE]
Assessment (in
compliance with the
discharge permit (for
wastewater),
treatment level)
Krumovgrad Municipality
Stara Rera River,
tributary of the
Maritsa
Production and
processing of meat,
excluding poultry - Ltd.
ANANIEV RODOPI 19
EOOD
293.4 No data No data 100 % will be treated
Logging –
LESKOMPAKT OOD 15,3 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Dzhebel Municipality
Manufacture of meat
products, excluding
ready-made dishes 956.7
668mg/l
29
There is an
operation WWTP,
treatment is not
sufficient according
to the permit
Musan OOD- village of
Valkovich
639.075 kg
BOD5/year
Manufacture of meat
products, excluding
ready-made dishes 1,534.5 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring. EVROMES-M EOOD,
Kokoimpeks OOD
Cattle breeding for milk
RAYAN OOD-YANKO
PASHOV
1,620 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Ardino Municipality
Manufacture of milk and
milk products excluding
ice-cream
RODOPCHANKA OOD, 4,501.8 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Village of Byal Izvor
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River Basin Pollution Source
Volume of
wastewater
discharged
into receiving
water body
[million
m³/year]
Pollution load
discharged into
receiving water
body [kg.
BOD/year]
Pollution
load
discharged
into
receiving
water body
[PE]
Assessment (in
compliance with the
discharge permit (for
wastewater),
treatment level)
Manufacture of milk and
milk products excluding
ice-cream ET ALAA
MOHAMED
BANASHAK,
Village of Byal Izvor
907.2 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Momchilgrad Municipality
Manufacture of
machinery for food,
beverage and tobacco
processing
UNIHRANMASH
EOOD- G. HRISTOV
104.4 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Manufacture of
machinery for food,
beverage and tobacco
processing
ET NEZHO-BG-
GYUNAY MEHMED
103.5 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Poultry breeding
AYITSEPROM AD,
town of Kardzhali
216,603 51 Within the
norms
It discharges into the
urban sewerage and
has a WWTP for
domestic wastewater
Compliant with the
requirements.
Chernoochene Municipality
Manufacture of milk and
milk products excluding
ice-cream
RODOPCHANKA OOD
161.1 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Cutting-up, planning
and impregnation of
timber ET VODACH-
HAMDI RAMADAN
297 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Kardzhali Municipality
Manufacture of milk and
milk products excluding
ice-cream KOVEG ML.
PRODUKTI OOD
99 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
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River Basin Pollution Source
Volume of
wastewater
discharged
into receiving
water body
[million
m³/year]
Pollution load
discharged into
receiving water
body [kg.
BOD/year]
Pollution
load
discharged
into
receiving
water body
[PE]
Assessment (in
compliance with the
discharge permit (for
wastewater),
treatment level)
Manufacture of milk and
milk products excluding
ice-cream ET ANMAR
HASAN
HADZHIYUMER,
VILLAGE OF BOYNO
54 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Production of ready-
made dishes EТ
NEVIN –NAZMI
AHMEDOV
49.500 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Manufacture of other
food products, no data
ET STELA M-IVAYLO
MARAZOV
219.940 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Extraction of ores of
non-ferrous metals
GORUBSO-
KARDZHALI AD
219.940
ppm,
Cn – 0.09
A r – 0.04
Cu- 1.5
Zn – 0.45
Fe +3 -1.3
Cr +6 – 0.2
Within the
norms
WWTP for chemical
treatment and tailing
pond. Water after
the tailing pond does
not comply with the
permit requirements.
Production and
processing of meat,
excluding poultry ET
SHENEL SHABAN
AHMED
5,838.674 No data No data
There is an
operating WWTP
/sedimentation
tanks/
Production and
processing of meat,
excluding poultry
MESKOM RODOPI
OOD
531 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Production and
processing of meat,
excluding poultry ET
MARGOS
476.1 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
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River Basin Pollution Source
Volume of
wastewater
discharged
into receiving
water body
[million
m³/year]
Pollution load
discharged into
receiving water
body [kg.
BOD/year]
Pollution
load
discharged
into
receiving
water body
[PE]
Assessment (in
compliance with the
discharge permit (for
wastewater),
treatment level)
Manufacture of meat
products, excluding
ready-made dishes
KIPS EOOD
5,698.8 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Manufacture of meat
products, excluding
ready-made dishes
KONSTANT 2006
EOOD
680.4 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Processing and
preservation of fruit and
vegetables, excluding
ready-made dishes
E&M OOD
211.5 No data No data
It discharges into the
urban sewerage. No
monitoring.
Perpereshka
River
Processing and
preservation of fruit and
vegetables, excluding
ready-made dishes
AMAR EOOD, village
of Chiflik
3,808.8 430.394 20
Sedimentation
chambers. It does
not comply with the
integrated permit.
Poultry breeding
KROBAB OOD, village
of Perperek
1,102.5 No data No data No data
Student
Kladenets dam OtsK Kardzhali AD 24,801
Conditionally
clean water after
WWTP
рН 6,99
SS – <5 .9
Iron -<0.29
Petroleum
products < 2
mg/l
Zinc -31 mg/l
Cadmium –
0.242 mg/l
Copper < 0.02
mg/l
Lead – 0,051
mg/l
Deviations
from the
standards
for content
of zinc and
cadmium
WWTP for chemical
treatment.
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River Basin Pollution Source
Volume of
wastewater
discharged
into receiving
water body
[million
m³/year]
Pollution load
discharged into
receiving water
body [kg.
BOD/year]
Pollution
load
discharged
into
receiving
water body
[PE]
Assessment (in
compliance with the
discharge permit (for
wastewater),
treatment level)
Gully Ustra Beton OOD, town
of Kardzhali 9,509
SS – 30 mg/l
BOD5 – < 1.2
Within the
norms
Settler for process
water and septic
tank for domestic
wastewater.
Compliant with the
permit requirements.
Student
Kladenets dam
Bentonite factory SNB
Industrial Minerals 1,389
рН 7.75
SS 54 mg/l
BOD5 – 5.4
mg/l,
Fats 7 mg/l
Within the
norms
Sludge trap and
septic tank.
Compliant with the
permit requirements.
Urban sewerage Pnevmatika Serta AD „ 63,982
рН – 8.41
SS- 10 mg/l
Chrome +6 <
0,02
Chrome +3
0,18 mg/l
Cyanides – 0.01
mg/l
Within the
norms
It has a modern
WWTP for chemical
treatment of water
polluted by
chemicals.
Compliant with the
permit requirements.
Gully
Factory for rubber
products T-klas-
Bulagria AD
29,551
рН – 6,35
SS – 18 mg/l
BOD5 – 77 mg/l
BOD5
discharged –
1,832 kg/year
84
It has a WWTP. It
does not comply with
the permit
requirements.
Urban sewerage
ET Shenel Shaban
Ahmed –
slaughterhouse and
cutting plant
155.450
BOD5 -1290
mg/l
SS - 70 mg/l
BOD5
discharged -
138.350 kg/year
2306
It has treatment
facilities
It does not comply
with the permit
requirements.
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River Basin Pollution Source
Volume of
wastewater
discharged
into receiving
water body
[million
m³/year]
Pollution load
discharged into
receiving water
body [kg.
BOD/year]
Pollution
load
discharged
into
receiving
water body
[PE]
Assessment (in
compliance with the
discharge permit (for
wastewater),
treatment level)
Agriculture No data No data No data No data
*About 2,700 industrial and commercial enterprises with various activity, commercial
sites, sites in the sector of services and health care are functioning in Kardzhali
District – in the municipalities examined by the Master Plan. The list presented above
contains the more significant enterprises, which are expected to be larger sources of
polluted wastewater.
**The Consultant advices the WSS Operator to renegotiate the conditions for
connection of the industrial enterprises to the urban sewerage. The contracts, except
for the standard clauses, should include a requirement for measurement of
wastewater quantity before discharging in the urban collector, a schedule for the
implementation of self-monitoring coordinated with the RIEW and RHI.
*** The data on the pollution of wastewater from industrial enterprises is not presented
because it is based on single laboratory measurements and not an average amount
calculated for a longer period.
****The pollution load is determined on the basis of the invoiced water quantity.
IMPACT OF WASTEWATER DISCHARGE
Impact on surface water
Of greatest importance is the impact resulting from the point sources – untreated
waste water from the settlements.
In Aeda river and its tributaries currently is discharged untreated wastewater from the
population and the industry of the town of Kardzhali in Arda River, from the town of
Momchilgrad and the village of Benkovski in Varbitsa River, from the town of
Krumovgrad in Krumovitsa River, from Dzhebel in Dzhebelska River and it pollutes the
water at the point of discharge.
Surface water quality monitoring is carried out by the subdivisions of MoEW on the
basis of special programmes for surveillance and operational monitoring.
The main objective of surveillance monitoring programme is to provide comprehensive
and detailed summaries of the ecological and chemical status of the various water
bodies, by identifying the base line of their status and ensuring option for classification
of the water sites in five categories according to the statutory definitions.
In general, the frequency of monitoring is consistent with the variability in parameters,
obtained as a result of natural or anthropogenic conditions.
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The surface water monitoring points in the designated territory are included in the
Operational monitoring programme of water bodies falling within «river » category in
Arda River Basin
Besides the physicochemical analysis of water, Assessment of water bodies status
through hydro-biological control is also performed. All necessary measures to
minimize the level of ecological risk are undertaken. Appendix 3-4 presents data for
the water monitoring in the period 2008-2012.
Impact on groundwater
The main risks for groundwater pollution are as follows:
• Pollution by authorized and unauthorized waste landfills and dump sites in the
settlements of the designated territory, which are not compliant with the
statutory requirements and causing pollution problems of shallow aquifers and
deep aquifers;
• Uncontrolled use of fertilizers and pesticides for agricultural purposes causing
high concentrations of nitrate in shallow aquifers. There is a risk that deep
aquifers will be concerned in the future and that larger amounts of
groundwater will be contaminated, which will result in a risk for all settlements;
• Exfiltration of wastewater from leaking sewerage networks.
• Exfiltration of wastewater from on-site sanitation facilities (leaking septic tanks
and latrines) can more specifically cause risk of polluting the settlements with
population below 2 000 P.E.
SLUDGE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL 3.2.3.
There are no constructed treatment plants for the settlements. From the research
done it was found that it is most appropriate to construct treatment plants, apart from
those in an on-going project as follows: WWTP from the town of Ardino, WWTP from
the town of Dzhebel and from the nearby villages of Paprat, Tyutyunche, Podvrah and
Chakaltsi, WWTP from the town of Kardzhali, WWTP from the village of Benkovski,
town of Krumovgrad and the villages of Polkovnik Zhelyazovo and Vransko.
Since there are no constructed acting treatment plants the sludge quantities are
defined based on approved project phases and our technological estimates and expert
assessment.
In the municipalities from Kardzhali District the exploitation of the old municipal
landfills is terminated before the appointed time. Until the construction and entering in
operation of the first cell of the Regional Centre for Waste Management in the town of
Kardzhali, domestic waste is transported to the site of the old landfill of the
Municipality of Kardzhali. The future Regional Centre for Waste Management will treat
inert, non-hazardous and hazardous waste, generated on the territory of the
municipalities of: Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Dzhebel, Chernoochene, Ardino, Kirkovo,
Krumovgrad and Ivaylovgrad (Haskovo District). 4 reloading stations will also be
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constructed on the territory of the municipalities of Ardino, Kirkovo, Krumovgrad and
Ivaylovgrad.
In the territory of the municipalities of Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino,
Dzhebel, and Benkovski there is an elaborated and adopted Water Management
Report. In the balance of waste is also included the sludge quantity from the future
wastewater treatment plant. Through the reloading stations the dewatered sludge will
be directed to the regional centre.
The technologies for sludge treatment and dewatering in the project designs meet
entirely the requirements of the national legislation.
In the region of the Municipalities of Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino,
Dzhebel, Kirkovo, so far there have been no study on the use of appropriate
agricultural and forest lands for fertilization or disturbed areas for restoration. No
studies on the use of dewatered sludge as a fertilizer in agriculture have been
conducted. The Feasibility studies and other studies carried out by different designers
envisage that sludge will be disposed of to a domestic solid waste landfill. The
consultant recommends this happens only for the time the quality of the sludge
generated in the wastewater treatment is analysed. Then, based on the results of the
analyses, it is necessary to follow the recommendations and sludge should be
directed to the respective utilisation sites. Sludge disposal to domestic solid waste
landfills is neither recommended nor funded by the EU.
The Consultant recommends determining an appropriate pilot site for which
prospective studies on sludge management for use in various fields have to be
conducted. The region has lands suitable for agriculture and forestry, i.e. particularly
appropriate for sludge utilisation. The required studies should include:
• Analysis and proposed regulatory changes regarding Bulgarian sludge
management
• Assessment of the industrial situation on the pilot sites
• Assessment of the existing sludge management on the pilot site
• Determination of potential agricultural uses on the pilot site
• Prospective actions with potential users
• Socio-economic actions and communications to educate the public
concerned
• Design educational courses
• Assistance in the implementation of contracts between operators and end
users of sanitation sludge
• It is recommended integrating the reuse of treated water from WWTP to this
sludge management approach. This is common for well-functining WWTPs
from the recent past.
The requirements for preparation of projects for regional domestic solid waste landfill
necessitate that the volume of received waste should include the volume of sludge
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and waste from the future wastewater treatment plants located in the surrounding
area.
The management of sludge from WWTP in the area is consistent with the
requirements of the national legislation in this field and is not expected to create any
insurmountable problems.
WATER QUALITY MONITORING
Wastewater from the settlements is usually the main pollutant of the respective river
basin. Water quality monitoring is carried out by RIEW Haskovo and Basin Directorate
for Water Management in East Aegean Sea Region for the wastewater from the
designated territory in Kardzhali District:
• Direct discharge into the water bodies (Arda River and its tributaries) of
wastewater collectors from the municipal centres: the town of Kardzhali, the
town of Momchilgrad, the town of Dzhebel, the town of Krumovgrad, the town
of Ardino, Chernoochene, Kirkovo and other settlements in Kardzhali District
with partially constructed sewerages.
• Direct discharge of wastewater from some sites with local WWTP and without
treatment facilities.
• Water quality monitoring on the territory serviced by ViK OOD Kardzhali is
carried out in the designated monitoring points:
Points for physico-chemical monitoring for determining the ecological and chemical
status of surface water.
- Varbitsa River at the village of Varli dol
- Krumovitsa River – before mouth
- Byala River – village of Meden buk
- Kardzhali Dam
- Studen Kladenets Dam – dam wall
Points for operational monitoring –
- Arda River before Kardzhali Dam
- Arda River after the town of Kardzhali
- Arda River after Studen Kladenets Dam (bridge village of Potochnitsa – village
of Rabovo)
- Arda River after the big curve at the town of Madzharovo
- Varbitsa River before Studen Kladenets Dam
- Byala River before the border
- Studen Kladenets Dam – middle part
- Studen Kladenets Dam – tail
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At these points is carried out hydrobiological and physico-chemical monitoring for
determining the ecological and chemical status of surface water.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The possibility for sampling points from the water bodies after the discharge of waters
from the future WWTP should be précised. After they enter a stable regime a Plan for
own monitoring is prepared to define the main parameters, characterizing the qualities
of the treated wastewater. These are the main parameters, which characterize the
qualities of the wastewater from WWTP of the settlements pursuant to the discharge
permits and it is necessary to monitor for: suspended solids, BOD5, COD, Nt, Pt, pH.
and water quantity. In order to control the work of the separate facilities operational
monitoring is carried out of the work and optimization of the technological processes in
the WWTP by parameters, determined by a schedule after the biological stage enters
stable regime. The status of the sludge formed in the process of treatment is also
monitored in relation to their treatment (disposal and/or utilization).
3.3. CURRENT WATER CONSUMPTION
CURRENT WATER CONSUMPTION BY CATEGORY OF WATER
USERS
The table below shows the development of water consumption rate from 2009 to 2011
in for each town.
Table 3-19 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in the town of Kardzhali
Settlement Consumer Unit 2009 2010 2011 % of 2011
Kar
dzha
li
Domestic
Customers m³ / year 1,411,443 1,404,665 1,427,777 72%
Public Customers
(schools,
kindergartens,
administration, etc.)
m³ / year 184,469 179,976 155,258 7%
Industrial and
Commercial
Customers
(companies)
m³ / year 431,236 427,340 408,754 21%
Total water sold m³ / year 2,027,148 2,011,981 1,991,789 100%
Source: WSS operator ViK Kardzhali - Billing Department
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Table 3-20 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Momchilgrad
Settlement Consumer Unit 2009 2010 2011 % of 2011
Mom
chilg
rad
Domestic Customers m³ / year 247,814 251,090 265,275 74%
Public Customers
(schools,
kindergartens,
administration, etc.)
m³ / year 114,056 96,492 95,168 26%
Industrial and
Commercial
Customers
(companies)
m³ / year 0 0 0 0%
Total water sold m³ / year 361,870 347,582 360,443 100%
Source: WSS operator ViK Kardzhali - Billing Department
Table 3-21 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Krumovgrad
Settlement Consumer Unit 2009 2010 2011 % of 2011
Kru
mov
grad
Domestic Customers m³ / year 165,140 167,280 182,802 76%
Public Customers
(schools,
kindergartens,
administration, etc.)
m³ / year 67,335 62,854 57,759 24%
Industrial and
Commercial
Customers
(companies)
m³ / year 0 0 0 0%
Total water sold m³ / year 232,475 230,134 240,561 100%
Source: WSS operator ViK Kardzhali - Billing Department
Table 3-22 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Ardino
Settlement Consumer Unit 2009 2010 2011 % of 2011
Ard
ino
Domestic
Customers m³ / year 97,658 95,606 97,957 70%
Public Customers
(schools,
kindergartens,
administration, etc.)
m³ / year 42,348 42,316 42,214 30%
Industrial and
Commercial
Customers
(companies)
m³ / year 0 0 0 0%
Total water sold m³ / year 140,006 137,922 140,171 100%
Source: WSS operator ViK Kardzhali - Billing Department
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Table 3-23 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Dzhebel
Settlement Consumer Unit 2009 2010 2011 % of 2011
Dzh
ebel
Domestic Customers m³ / year 97,147 100,824 111,111 79%
Public Customers
(schools,
kindergartens,
administration, etc.)
m³ / year 32,255 30,451 28,898 21%
Industrial and
Commercial
Customers
(companies)
m³ / year 0 0 0 0%
Total water sold m³ / year 129,402 131,275 140,009 100%
Source: WSS operator ViK Kardzhali - Billing Department
Table 3-24 Development of water consumption rate for the period 2009-2011 in Benkovski
Settlement Consumer Unit 2009 2010 2011 % of 2011
Ben
kovs
ki
Domestic Customers m³ / year 64,525 63,133 69,886 89%
Public Customers
(schools,
kindergartens,
administration, etc.)
m³ / year 10,750 8,981 8,409 11%
Industrial and
Commercial
Customers
(companies)
m³ / year 0 0 0 0%
Total water sold m³ / year 75,275 72,114 78,295 100%
Source: WSS operator ViK Kardzhali - Billing Department
The table below presents the summary of main water consumption data for all water
supply zones served by ViK Kardzhali).
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Table 3-25 Summary of water consumption for ViK Kardzhali in 2011
Settlement T
otal
Pop
ulat
ion
in t
he
Con
side
red
site
Pop
ulat
ion
serv
ed
Ser
vice
Cov
erag
e
Dom
estic
Wat
er
Con
sum
ptio
n
Per
cent
age
of D
omes
tic
Wat
er C
onsu
mpt
ion
Non
-Dom
estic
Wat
er
Con
sum
ptio
n
Per
cent
age
of N
on-
dom
estic
Wat
er
Con
sum
ptio
n
Tot
al C
onsu
mpt
ion
(Dom
estic
+ N
on-
Dom
estic
)
Spe
cific
Dom
estic
Con
sum
ptio
n
Spe
cific
Tot
al W
ater
Con
sum
ptio
n
number number % m3/year % m3/year % m3/year l/c/d l/c/d
Kardzhali 43,880 43,880 100 1,427,777 72 564,012 28 1,991,789 89.1 124.4
Momchilgrad 7,831 7,831 100 265,275 74 95,168 26 360,443 92.8 126.1
Krumovgrad 5,070 5,070 100 182,802 76 57,759 24 240,561 98.8 130.0
Ardino 3,493 3,493 100 97,957 70 42,214 30 140,171 76.8 109.9
Dzhebel 3,093 3,093 100 111,111 79 28,898 21 140,009 98.4 124.0
Benkovski 2,121 2,121 100 69,886 89 8,409 11 78,295 90.3 101.1
Total 65,488 65,488 100.0 2,154,808 73 796,460 27 2,951,268 90.1 123.5
Settlements
below 2,000
inhabitants
69,786 69,786 100.0 1,866,781 89 241,689 11.5 2,108,470 73.3 82.8
Total 135,274 135,274 100.0 4,021,589 79 1,038,149 20.5 5,059,738 81.4 81.0
Notes:
1. The number of population for the year 2011 is taken from the Census.
WATER BALANCE AND NON-REVENUE WATER ASSESSMENT
Methodology:
The table below presents a standard water balance, according to IWA. The main
components of the water balance are: Total drinking water produced, billed (sold)
water and unbilled water, which is the difference between total water produced and
water sold. According to IWA, the unbilled water itself is divided into several
components.
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Table 3-26 IWA Standard Water Balance for ViK Kardzhali
Total drinking
water produced
(system input)
(m3/year) [Q]
10,091,067
Authorized
consumption
(m3/year)
5,059,738
Billed authorised
consumption
(m3/year)
5,059,738
Billed metered
consumption (m3/year)
[A]
5,059,738 Revenue water
(billed)
(m3/year)
5,059,738
Billed unmetered
consumption (m3/year)
[B]
0
Unbilled authorised
consumption
(m3/year)
0
Unbilled metered
consumption (m3/year)
[C]
0
Non-Revenue
water (water
losses)
(m3/year)
5,031,329
Unbilled unmetered
consumption (m3/year)
[D]
0
Water Losses
(m3/year)
5,031,329
Apparent
(Commercial)
losses (m3/year)
503,133
Theft (m3/year) [E]
427,666
Metering inaccuracies
(m3/year) [F]
75,467
Real (Technical)
losses (m3/year)
4,528,196
Leakage on mains and
transmission water
pipelines (m3/year) [G]
1,132,049
Leakage from overflow
at storage tanks
(m3/year) [H]
905,639
Leakage on service
connections before
customer meter
(m3/year) [I]
2,490,508
Detailed information:
• [Q]: total water produced and delivered to the settlements of Peshtera
Municipality. It is determined by means of water meters, installed on the
feeding pipelines and according to the flow rates of the water sources.
• [A]: total consumption invoiced to all customers who are equipped with water
meters
• [B]: total consumption invoiced to customers without meters (this is by
definition an estimate); there are no such customers on the territory of ViK
OOD Kardzhali
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• [C]: total consumption that is metered but not invoiced (consumers, who get
free water, but on legal ground for this –there are no such customers on the
territory of VKS OOD Kardzhali
• [D]: total consumption that is neither metered nor billed, but authorised,
consumption by fire hydrants or fountains, reservoir washing, flushing of filters
at the treatment plants, etc. this is by definition an estimate
• [E]: water that is stolen through illegal connections or other means; this is by
definition an estimate
• [F]: water that is consumed by metered customers whose water meters
incorrectly record water(less water than the real consumption)
• [G]: water that is lost due to hidden leaks or failures on the pipelines
(transmission and distribution); it is given on the basis of observations and
assumptions of WSS company staff. No precise studies and measurements
have been conducted.
• [H]water that spills from reservoirs and service tanks; there is currently no
such water
• [I]: water that is lost due to hidden leaks or failures on the service connections;
it is given on the basis of information provided by WSS company staff. No
specialized measurements have been carried out.
The following assumptions were made to determine the components of water balance:
� Results of the assessment
Table 3-27 Assumption for assessment of water balance components
Losses Assumptions
Non-revenue water
Total non-revenue water is calculated as the difference between the total
water quantity supplied to the water supply systems (water produced)
and the total quantity of water billed (sold). For unmetered water sources,
the quantity of the water has been estimated based on their seasonal
discharge quantities.
Data on water produced and water billed water are provided by
„ViK“OOD Kardzhali
Unbilled metered
consumption
On the territory of „ViK“OOD Kardzhali there are no customers with water
meters the consumption of which is not metered, i.e. there are no
consumers who legally get free water.
Unbilled unmetered
consumption
This water quantity is mainly produced as a result of backwashing of
filters and from water intended for periodical washing of water chambers
of the pressure reservoirs as well as to a lower degree due to fire hydrant
or public fountains.
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Losses Assumptions
Unauthorised
consumption
Based on information provided by the WSS operator, there are a certain
number of illegal connections to the distribution networks. Their exact
number is difficult to establish, except when the street water distribution
pipelines are replaced.
It is assumed that ≈10% of delivered water is used as unauthorized
consumption. We point out that it is not sure that after finding the illegal
connections, this unauthorized consumption will turn into authorized one.
It may be presumed that in the best case between 1/4 and 1/5 of it will
become legal consumption. The remaining part will be dropped out as
consumption.
Metering Inaccuracies and
data error correction
Based on information provided by ViK“ Kardzhali OOD – 100% of the
registered consumers have water meters, including the private, public
and industrial ones.
The data from all water meters are read on a monthly basis. According to
the conducted inspections of the old water meters, 80% of these water
meters give indications lower that the real flows.
The exact accuracy of water meters is not known. According to ViK
Kardzhali OOD the metering inaccuracy results in apparent (commercial)
losses of about 10 to 11% of delivered water.
Real Losses in the
network
The physical losses in the network result from invisible leakages, visible
failures, reservoir overflow, drawdown of distribution networks for repair
works or in case of breakdowns, etc.
Real losses are calculated as a difference between non-revenue water
(unbilled water) minus the above mentioned types of losses.
Based on information provided by ViK“ Kardzhali OOD about 1/3 of the
real losses in the network are formed due to failures and leakages at
service connections
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Table 3-28 Summary of Water Production, Water Consumption and Non-Revenue Water in the period from 2009 to 2011.
Year
Total water quantities delivered
Total Water Sold
Inhabitants Population Rate Industry and companies
Rate Public
consumers Rate
Total water sold
Total amount
NRW (total losses)
m3/year number m3/year l/c/d m3/year l/c/d m3/year l/c/d m3/year l/c/d %
Town of Kardzhali 2009 4,084,951 45,539 1,411,443 84.9 431,236.0 25.9 184,469 11.1 2,027,148 122.0 50.4 2010 4,021,050 45,604 1,404,665 84.4 427,340.0 25.7 179,976 10.8 2,011,981 120.9 50.0 2011 4,148,265 43,880 1,427,777 89.1 408,754.0 25.5 155,258 9.7 1,991,789 124.4 52.0
Town of Momchilgrad 2009 613,850 7,631 247,814 89.0 0.0 0.0 114,056 40.9 361,870 129.9 41.0 2010 938,150 7,542 251,090 91.2 0.0 0.0 96,492 35.1 347,582 126.3 63.0 2011 1,138,383 7,831 265,275 92.8 0.0 0.0 95,168 33.3 360,443 126.1 68.3
Town of Krumovgrad 2009 395,640 4,961 165,140 91.2 0.0 0.0 67,335 37.2 232,475 128.4 41.2 2010 416,500 4,861 167,280 94.3 0.0 0.0 62,854 35.4 230,134 129.7 44.7 2011 398,600 5,070 182,802 98.8 0.0 0.0 57,759 31.2 240,561 130.0 39.6
Town of Ardino 2009 318,000 3,577 97,658 74.8 0.0 0.0 42,348 32.4 140,006 107.2 56.0 2010 311,770 3,530 95,606 74.2 0.0 0.0 42,316 32.8 137,922 107.0 55.8 2011 357,000 3,493 97,957 76.8 0.0 0.0 42,214 33.1 140,171 109.9 60.7
Town of Dzhebel 2009 212,710 2,952 97,147 90.2 0.0 0.0 32,255 29.9 129,402 120.1 39.2 2010 159,130 2,982 100,824 92.6 0.0 0.0 30,451 28.0 131,275 120.6 17.5
2011 153,450 3,093 111,111 98.4 0.0 0.0 28,898 25.6 140,009 124.0 8.8
Village of Benkovski 2009 192,000 2,024 64,525 87.3 0.0 0.0 10,750 14.6 75,275 101.9 60.8 2010 122,000 2,039 63,133 84.8 0.0 0.0 8,981 12.1 72,114 96.9 40.9 2011 149,000 2,121 69,886 90.3 0.0 0.0 8,409 10.9 78,295 101.1 47.5
Settlements below 2,000 inhabitants 2011 3,746,369 69,786 1,866,781 73.3 0.0 0.0 241,689 9.5 2,108,470 82.8 43.7
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CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusions:
It is striking that water losses in the water supply systems of ViK Kardzhali OOD are
too high, but not unusual for the water supply in Bulgaria. Losses within that range
indicate poor condition of the water supply systems, in terms of their physical state
(failures, leaking pipes. etc.), as well as with regard to water metering accuracy (i.e.
water produced and consumed).
Based on the assumptions for unauthorized consumption and metering inaccuracies it
can be assumed that the actual domestic consumption exceeds the officially billed
consumption.
In 2011 the billed water quantity for the population compared to 2009 was:
- For Kardzhali: 16,334 m3/year more
- For Momchilgrad: 17,461 m3/year more
- For Krumovgrad: 17,662 m3/year more
- For Ardino: 299 m3/year more
- For. Dzhebel: 13,964 m3/year more
- For Benkovski: 5,361 m3/year more
Based on the above analysis of the domestic, industrial and public consumption a
conclusion can be drawn that the average total water domestic consumption for the
present settlements ranges about 63 - 143 l/inh./day, industrial consumption varies
according to the existing industries and is average about 25 l/inh./day , and public
consumption ranges between 10 – 43 l/inh./day. The overall total water consumption
rate of all settlements except Benkovski village is below 160 l/inh./day.
Recommendations:
Systematic measures should be undertaken to reduce losses.
The measures proposed for reducing real/physical losses are as follows:
- Replacement of old water transmission (external) mains.
- Replacement of old water distribution pipelines and the service connections to them
- Timely repair of failures on the water pipelines.
- Systematic detection, localization and repair of leakages (breakdowns)
The activities necessary for reducing commercial losses are:
- Installation of water meters on all water transmission mains after the water sources.
- Installation of water meters on feeding pipes of reservoirs
- Implementation of the programme for verification and replacement of water meters of domestic consumers.
- Detection and interruption of unauthorised water connections
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3.4. WATER SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE
GENERAL FEATURES
The water supply system of ViK Kardzhali is intricate and complex, consisting of 104
systems with gravity and pump supply and supplies water for the purposes of
households and industry. A large number of the systems - 41 are included in a
SCADA system. The water supply system of "ViK" OOD - Kardzhali provides water
to the population, industry and business in 7 municipalities: Kardzhali, Momchilgrad,
Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel, Kirkovo and Chernoochene and supplies population of
135,274 inhabitants. The water supply systems are presented in Appendix 3-6. A large
number of water sources satisfy the water needs in the region. The existing 244
settlements are supplied by 72 separate water sources (26 catchments, 1 river intake,
30 shaft wells, 8 drainages, 6 tube wells and one dam – Borovitsa. The total length of
the water supply network of ViK OOD Kardzhali is 787 km and it transports the water
to 244 settlements with 523 km distribution water mains, 1 DWTP – at Enchetz village.
The table below presents the length of the transmission network of ViK Kardzhali with
material and age of the pipes.
Table 3-29 Length and age of the water transmission system of ViK OOD - Kardzhali
Average length (km) or (% of total network)
Diameter Steel/
PVC HDPE Concrete Asbestos
cement
Other
material
Total Comments
iron (km)
≤ 600 56 4 13 714 787
Average age (years)
≤ 600 40-50
yrs.
≤ 10
yrs. ≥ 50 yrs.
Water supply services are provided to 88 % of the population on the territory of ViK
OOD – Kardzhali – 135,247 people. The total quantity of supplied water in 2011 is
10,091,067 m3/year which compared to the invoiced quantity to households and
business of 5,059,738 m3/year determines a non-revenue water percentage of ViK
EOOD Kardzhali of 51 %. The regulated water volume of all reservoirs is 43,020 m3.
The number of lifting pumping stations is 112.
The water supply systems on the territory of the 7 municipalities are served entirely by
ViK Kardzhali OOD. Six systems in the scope of ViK Kardzhali have been examined:
- Water supply system of Kardzhali
- Water supply system of Momchilgrad
- Water supply system of Krumovgrad
- Water supply system of Ardino
- Water supply system of Dzhebel
- Water supply system of Benkovski village
Detailed map showing the Existing external water supply system of ViK Kardzhali in
scale 1:100 000 can be found on drawing № 1.
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EXTERNAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS
Water supply system of Kardzhali
3.4.2.1.1. General features
The water supply of the town of Kardzhali comes by gravity from Borivitsa dam with a
drinking water treatment plant situated near the village of Enchets at about 6 km from
the town of Kardzhali. Water is transported by two steel water mains - Ø600mm to the
town reservoir with V=13,000 m3 and Ø530mm to DC at the reservoir for high zone
with V=5,000 m3 (only one chamber with volume V=2500 m3 is built) and for the water
supply of the town of Momchilgrad. The reservoir volume provides 24-hour reserve of
water.
The high zone of Baikal quarter after the hospital district, the Mental hospital and the
village of Sipei are supplied from PR V=280m3, supplied by PS Baikal.
The Prileptsi quarter is supplied with water from PR V=600 m3, which is supplied by
the trunk water main from DWTP „Enchets“ to PR V=5000 m3. At the site of the
reservoir is built a PS which supplies water to PR V=100m3, for the water supply of
Prileptsi.
Borovets quarter is supplied by PR 600m3 which is supplied by PS “Borovitsa”.
*Note: for the purposes of the report the Consultant has put a border between the
systems of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad at the distribution chamber at PR 2500 m3
„High zone” of Kardzhali. Thus we assume that the system of Momchilgrad starts at
the DC. See section 4.3.2.2.1. Water supply system of Momchilgrad.
Table 3-30 General Features of External Water Supply System of the town of Kardzhali
Component Description
Water sources Borovitsa dam
Treatment facilities DWTP „Enchets” treats the water quantity supplied from
Borovitsa dam.
Water storage 5 Pressure reservoirs
Pumping stations 3 pumping stations
External trunk water mains 38.31km, steel, polyethylene and asbestos cement
Connected Settlements Town of Kardzhali, the villages of Prileptsi, Sipei, Enchets,
Rezbartsi, Vishegrad, Ostrovitsa
Total Population in Service Area 46,290 (in 2011)
Connected Population 46,290 inhabitants
% of connected population 100 %
A detailed map of Existing external water supply system of Kardzhali in scale 1:25
000 is presented on Drawing № 2.
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3.4.2.1.2. Water abstraction
The characteristics of the water sources are presented by water supply groups in the
tables below and outlined in more detail for every water sources in item 3.1.
Table 3-31 Water sources specifics in the system of Kardzhali
Name of Water Source
Capacity
Notes: Qmin
l/s
Qoper.
l/s
Qmax.
l/s
Borovitsa dam 420
There is an up-to-date water use
permission 003538/ 18.03.2005 valid till
15.03.2020.
Total water quantity for
Kardzhali 420*
*Water from Borovitsa dam is treated at
DWTP "Enchets" but part of it is supplied
to Momchilgrad
3.4.2.1.3. Water treatment
Water coming from Borivitsa dam is raw surface water and must be treated before
supplied to the population. For this purpose in 1989-90 was built and commissioned a
drinking water treatment plant with design capacity of 800 l/sec. At present it treats
430 l/sec of water from „Borovitsa” dam. The quality of the inlet water according to an
analysis performed at the laboratory of the treatment plant is as follows:
The water becomes turbid regularly as in the recent years the inlet water turbidity
varies in wide ranges reaching and exceeding 100 mg/l. The technological design of
the treatment plant includes reagent treatment of the inlet water, sedimentation
installation, filtering installation, ozonation and chlorine disinfection. The water flows
into the treatment plant in an inlet chamber and then into a mixer.
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Figure 3-1 Enchets DWTP– administrative and laboratory building, inlet chamber, aeration mixer,
radial sedimentation tanks
Here are introduced the reagents and the flocculant. Due to the electrical potential
resulting from the hydrolysis of the coagulants, the turbid particles are diverted
electrically and stick to the coagulant forming bigger and heavier clots. For speeding
up the sedimentation process the technological design envisages also introducing
flocculant. This is a long-chain polymer which has the capacity of attracting coagulated
particles, sticking them together and settling them in the sedimentation installation.
The homogenization of the introduced coagulants and flocculant with the water is
done by intensive bubbling with air. It is worth noticing that the sludge is taken out of
the sedimentation tanks manually. The tank which must be cleaned is switched off and
the sludge is removed manually. This is unacceptable and must be corrected. If
actually the bridge sludge-removers cannot perform the sludge removal another
appropriate solution must be found including changing the type of the sedimentation
tanks. Despite their sufficient experience the operating staff is not always capable of
separating the inlet turbid particles. In our opinion the reasons for this are two: first the
deforestation of the slopes of Borovitsa dam causes erosion processes and during
intensive rainfall the quantity of the wash in the dam is highly increase and results in
increased turbidity. Here we must make an additional comment in view of the
Consultant’s apprehensions. Increased turbidity due to continuous erosion is not such
a big problem. However what is more worrisome for this region rich in ores (especially
of heavy metals) and with an active lead-zinc concentrate processing plant which
pollutes the environment with respective emissions, is that this exposure due to
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erosion is most likely to result also in leaching of hazardous substances for the
treatment of which the treatment plant is not equipped. Secondly, we have established
that the reagent installation- sedimentation complex is not well designed. The
reagents and mostly the flocculant are not the most appropriate for the inlet water. .
The settled water undergoes filtering in the filter installation. Though the plant is
relatively new the condition of the pipes and most stop valves in the space below the
filter installation is not good. Corrosion is in very advanced stage and causes
problems during the execution of the technological operations. The filtered water is
then ozonated and disinfected. The chlorine supply system is new and in good
condition but the system providing the safety of the operating staff must be fully
renovated.
Figure 3-2 Filtering installation. The pipes and stop valves under the filtering installation
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Figure 3-3 Chlorination installation – chlorine gas
cans and bottles
Figure 3-4 Chlorination compartment – chlorine
deactivation system with damaged hermetic
tightness of the system
Figure 3-5 Ozonation station
Figure 3-6 Ozonation station
For the filtering sludge and the sludge form the sedimentation installation are
envisaged and utilized treatment facilities. The sludge generated after the dewatering
must be disposed at a SHW landfill since it is not suitable to be used of other
purposes.
There are designs for this DWTP which are currently not approved for funding,
examining the issue of turbidity removal by preliminary ozonation. The existing
installations are envisaged to be reconstructed and new ones are planned to be built.
There will be a suspension chamber in which a suspension film will form. When water
flows through it will catch and collect the particles which cause turbidity of the water.
The process will be intensified by acidic ozonation by introducing ozone in the water
with pressure ejection diffusion. The settled water will be then transported to the
filtering installation and the sludge will go into a sludge chamber from where it will go
to regular treatment and dewatering.
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3.4.2.1.4. Water storage
The list of reservoirs of the man water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-32 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Kardzhali
Name Location Total volume
Vo [m³] Notes:
PR 13,000 m3 Kardzhali 13,000 In good technical condition
PR 5,000m3 (2,500m3 at
present) Kardzhali 2,500 In good technical condition
PR 600m3 Kardzhali 600 In good technical condition
PR 600m3 Kardzhali 600 In good technical condition
PR 280m3 Kardzhali 280 In good technical condition
PR 100m3 Kardzhali 100
In good technical condition –
supplies Prileptsi village
Total for Kardzhali 17,080
3.4.2.1.5. Pumping stations
The water supply system has three pumping stations which pump water.
Table 3-33 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Kardzhali
Name Number
of pumps
Operating
capacity of the
pumps [m³/h]
Suction
reservoir
[m³]
Observations
PS „Baykal“ 2 40 11MT32x4;
PS „Borovitsa“ 2 54.72 102 “Lovara” type SV -6107
PS „Prileptsi 1 16 CR16 - 60
Total in normal operation
mode 110.72 102
3.4.2.1.6. Transmission water mains
The list of the transmission water mains is presented in the table below.
Table 3-34 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Kardzhali
Location Material Diameter
[mm]
Length
[km]
Year of
construction Observations
From Borovitsa dam to
DWTP „Enchets“ Steel
from 800
to 900 26.5 1980
Bad operating
condition
From DWTP Enchets“
to PR 13 000m3 Steel 600 2.1
Satisfactory
condition
From DWTP „Enchets“
to PR 2500m3 Steel 500 5.8
Satisfactory
condition
From PR 2500m3 to
Prileptsi quarter
Asbestos
cement 300 1.43
Bad operating
condition
From PS „Baykal“ to
PR 280m3 Steel 125 1.1 Bad operating
condition
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Location Material Diameter
[mm]
Length
[km]
Year of
construction Observations
From PR 600m3 to PR
100m3 Polyethylene 90 0.58
Good operating
condition
From PR 100m3 to
Prileptsi village Polyethylene 110 0.8
Good operating
condition
Total for the system of
Kardzhali 38.31
Deficiencies:
Frequent breakdowns on the asbestos cement and steel pipes lead to continuous
repairs and danger of suspended supply of water to the agglomeration.
3.4.2.1.7. Water supplied settlements
The list of the settlements connected to the main water supply system is presented in
the table below. A reference is made to chapter 3.4.3 in terms of the features of the
distribution network.
Table 3-35 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Kardzhali
Name of Settlement
Total
Population
[number]
Population
connected
to network
[number]
Share of
population
connected
to network
[%]
Quantity of
Water
Supplied
[m³/year]
Water meter
installed
[yes/no]
Kardzhali 43,880 43,880 100 4,148,265 yes
Rezbartsi village 696 696 100 30,000
Sipei village 444 444 100 20,000
Vishegrad village 372 372 100 8,000
Prileptsi village 317 317 100 36,000
Enchets village 296 296 100 11,000
Ostrovitsa village 285 285 100 8,000
Total 46,290 46,290 100 4,261,265
* Note: for the purposes of the report the Consultant has put a border between the
systems of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad at the distribution chamber at PR 2500 m3
„High zone” of Kardzhali. Thus we assume that the system of Kardzhali is up to the
DC.
3.4.2.1.8. Summary of the main deficiencies
Table 3-36 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Kardzhali
№ Components Main deficiency
1 Water
treatment
(purification
and
chlorination)
Water coming from „Borovitsa” dam regularly becomes very turbid. The
regent treatment does not always have the expected results. The
chlorination compartment is not safe for the operating staff. The input
chlorine is not dosed precisely according to the quantity of residual
chlorine in the water.
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№ Components Main deficiency
2 Transmission
water mains
The material of which the water supply pipes are made and their condition
influence the risk of external pollutants entering the pipes in case of leaks.
5 breakdowns were registered on the external trunk water mains in 2011.
All trunk water mains made of steel and asbestos cement carry risks due
to the high number of breakdowns on them. Their replacement is pressing
for achieving security of the water supply of Kardzhali.
A serious problem in terms of the continuous and secure water supply
comes from the water main from Borovitsa dam to DWTP „Enchets“, since
its route of 26.5km crosses highly divided and accessible areas which
makes it operation difficult. The time for repairing breakdowns sometimes
exceeds 24 hours. The water main is made of steel pipes Ø900 and Ø800
and is in bad operating condition.
Recommendations for repairing the above deficiencie s:
1.Water treatment (purification and chlorination)
Overall reconstruction of the inlet installation is required. We consider advisable to
examine the combination of coagulants and flocculants and the order of their
introduction to the inlet water. It is very important to choose the most appropriate
flocculant. The manual cleaning of the sedimentation tanks is inacceptable. The
operation of the bridge sludge removers and the mechanical removal of the sludge
must be resumed. Turbidity meters must be installed at the sedimentation tanks for
preventing high levels of settled coagulated substance and automatic release of
sludge depending on the level not only on the time. We recommend the
implementation of a SCADA system for the entire plant and employing controller
based management instead of relay automatisation of processes. All the information
from the various basic technological points of the plant must be imported in this
system. We recommend renovation of the electric and mechanical equipment and
especially of the equipment for chemical treatment of the water. The command levels
in all vessels and reservoirs must be registered using a non-contact method –
ultrasound, infrasound, radar or similar. All contact or capacity level detectors are
unsuitable for hard water and for chemical treatment of the water. Nowadays there is a
vast selection of appropriate devices.
Regarding the design for preliminary ozonation assigned by the MRDPW we
recommend that a test with the existing ozonizers to be carried out and only after
receiving the necessary parameters a solution with new ozonizers to be researched.
The first suspension separators designed and manufactured by Degramon were
installed in the DWTP Sofia in 1968. However the maintenance of the suspension film
proved rather fickle and the treatment effect was much lower than expected. We
believe that ozonation is not the most appropriate method for removing turbidity of
water but it is good that it is installed at the plant since considering the current state of
affairs and the increasing pollution of the inlet water the plant will probably have to
treat more serious pollution as well.
We consider that the complete renovation of the installation for deactivation of chlorine
gas eventually leaking from the system in case of damaged hermetic tightness,
leaking storage vessels or emergency condition with spontaneous leaks of chlorine
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gas from the storage vessels is absolutely pressing. We propose the ozonizers to be
put in operating readiness regardless of the availability of means for their operation
due to the high energy consumption. These facilities help the water treatment in
critical conditions of pollution and must be used though rarely.
2. Transmission water mains
An overall reconstruction of the steel and asbestos cement water mains is necessary
as the priority is the trunk water main from Borovitsa dam to DWTP Enchets.
Water supply system of the town of Momchilgrad
3.4.2.2.1. General features
The water supply system of the town of Momchilgrad consists of two sub-systems:
- the first system from PS „Zagorsko” pumps the water quantity by a suction
reservoir 150 m3 from 6 bunker PS, situated near the site of the PS. It supplies
PR 200 m3 of Zagorsko village which supplies water to the villages of
Zagorsko, Progres, Chukovo, Bagryanka and Sokolino and to PR 3,000 m3
supplying Momchilgrad.
- the second system* supplying Momchilgrad is from Borovitsa dam which
starts from the dam to DWTP „Enchets”, from which the treated water is
supplied to Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, the villages of Gluhar, Makedontsi,
Dazhdino, Pepelishte, Balabanovo, Gruevo and Gradina. The town of
Momchilgrad is supplied from a Relief chamber 10m3 to the internal water
main network of the town.
* Note: for the purposes of the report the Consultant has put a border between the
systems of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad at the distribution chamber at PR 2500 m3
„High zone” of Kardzhali. Thus we assume that the system of Momchilgrad starts at
the DC. See section 4.3.2.1.1. Water supply system of Kardzhali.
Table 3-37 General features of the main water supply system of Momchilgrad
Component Description
Water sources 6 bunker PS and one dam - Borovitsa
Treatment facilities
Supplied with treated and disinfected water from the
drinking water treatment plant Enchets. In the distribution
chamber before Momchilgrad additional sodium
hypochlorite is added to the water.
Water from the 5 bunker PS is sent to the suction reservoir
of PS Zagorsko. The quality of the water complies with the
requirements of Ordinance No 9 and no additional treatment
is necessary. At PS Zagorsko water is disinfected with
sodium hypochlorite.
Water storage 2 pressure reservoirs, 1 suction reservoir (at PS Zagorsko)
Pumping stations 1 pumping station
External trunk water mains 21.2 km with diameter 300-600 steel
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Component Description
Connected Settlements
12 settlements – the town of Momchilgrad, and the villages
of Gluhar, Makedontsi, Dazhdino, Pepelishte, Balabanovo,
Gruevo, Gradina, Zagorsko, Progres, Chukovo, Bagryanka
and Sokolino
Total Population in Service Area
7,831 inhabitants in Momchilgrad and
3,911 inhabitants in the villages of Gluhar, Makedontsi,
Dazhdino, Pepelishte, Balabanovo, Gruevo, Gradina,
Zagorsko, Progres, Chukovo, Bagryanka and Sokolino (in
2011)
Connected Population 11,742 inhabitants
% of connected population 100 %
A detailed map showing the Existing external water supply system of Momchilgrad in
scale 1:25 000 is presented on Drawing № 4.
3.4.2.2.2. Water sources
The characteristics of the water sources are presented by water supply groups in the
tables below and outlined in more detail for every water sources in item 3.1.
Table 3-38 Sources and their features in the system of Momchilgrad
Name of Water
Source
Capacity Year of
construction Notes: Qmin
l/s
Qoper.
l/s
Qmax.
l/s
6 SW – PS
Zagorsko 45
There is a water use permission
0349/06.06.2001 which has
expired on 30.06.2003. There is a
metering device installed and SPZ
established.
Borovitsa dam 420
Filled with
water in the
winter of1989
There is an up-to-date water use
permission 003538/ 18.03.2005
valid till 15.03.2020.
Total water
quantity for
Momchilgrad
0 465*
Water from Borovitsa dam is
treated at DWTP "Enchets" but
part of it is supplied to
Momchilgrad
3.4.2.2.3. Water treatment
Part of the water supply system Momchilgrad is supplied with treated and disinfected
water from the drinking water treatment plant of Kardzhali. In the distribution chamber
before Momchilgrad additional sodium hypochlorite is added to the water. The
additional chlorine quantity is not supplied in compliance with the standard
requirements and the good practices.
Water from the 5 BPS is sent to the suction reservoir of PS Zagorsko. The quality of
the water complies with the requirements of Ordinance No 9 and no additional
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treatment is necessary. At PS Zagorsko water is disinfected with sodium hypochlorite.
Disinfection is not done proportionally to the flowing water quantity and the input
chlorine is not dosed precisely according to the residual chlorine quantity. .
3.4.2.2.4. Water storage
The list of reservoirs of the man water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-39 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Momchilgrad
Name Location Total volume
Vo [m³] Notes:
PR 3,000 m3 Momchilgrad 3,000 Satisfactory technical
condition
Total for Momchilgrad 3,000
There is a water meter DN 200 installed after the relief chamber as well as a DN 300
water meter at the outlet of PR 3,000 m3.
3.4.2.2.5. Pumping stations
The water supply system has 1 pumping station – PS Zagorski which pumps water
through a transit PR 200 m3 of Zagorsko village to PR 3000 m3.
Table 3-40 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Momchilgrad
Name Number of
pumps
Operating
capacity of the
pumps [m³/h]
Suction
reservoir
[m³]
Observations
Zagorsko -
BPS 1 45
Gundfus SP 46 - 3
TWI 6.50-3-B; Q=12.6l/sec;
H=20; P= 5.5- In good technical
condition
PS „ Zagorsko”
1 91
150
MVI 9505/2 PN25 ;
Q=25.2l/sec; H=110; P= 45( +
1 backup) In good technical
condition
1 101
28MТР45х3; Q=28l/sec;
H=100; P= 75 – satisfactory
technical condition
Total in normal
operation
mode
3 237 150
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3.4.2.2.6. Transmission water mains
The list of the transmission water mains is presented in the table below.
Table 3-41 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Momchilgrad
Location Material Diameter [mm] Length [km] Observations
Water mains of the system supplied from PS "Zagorsko"
From PS" Zagorsko" to
PR 200 m3 (Zagorsko
village)
- - 1.2 Not good condition
From PR 200m3 to PR
3,000m3 Steel 300 5 Not good condition
Total for the system 6.2
Water mains for the system supplied from Borovitsa Dam
From DC at PR 2500m3
Kardzhali (High zone)" to
OC (10 m3) Momchilgrad
Steel 500-600 15 Not good condition
Total for the system 15
Total for the systems of
Momchilgrad 21.2
*the report submitted by the WSSC shows 15.7 km external water mains for
Momchilgrad. The length of both subsystems is about 21.2 km. The difference of
about 5.5 km represents off-balance sheet assets.
Deficiencies:
Frequent breakdowns on the steel pipes lead to continuous repairs and danger of
suspended supply of water to the agglomeration.
3.4.2.2.7. Water supplied settlements
The list of the settlements connected to the main water supply system is presented in
the table below. A reference is made to chapter 3.4.3 in terms of the features of the
distribution network.
Table 3-42 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Momchilgrad
Name of Settlement
Total
Population
[number]
Population
connected
to network
[number]
Share of
population
connected
to network
[%]
Quantity of
Water
Supplied
[m³/year]
Water meter
installed
[yes/no]
Momchilgrad 7,831 7,831 100 1,138,383 Yes
Gluhar village 922 922 100 50,000
Makedontsi village 124 124 100 4,000
Dazhdino village 346 346 100 12,000
Pepelishte village 270 270 100 10,000
Balabanovo village 110 110 100 7,280
Gruevo village 715 715 100 25,669
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Name of Settlement
Total
Population
[number]
Population
connected
to network
[number]
Share of
population
connected
to network
[%]
Quantity of
Water
Supplied
[m³/year]
Water meter
installed
[yes/no]
Zagorsko village 148 148 100 5,010
Progress village 312 312 100 -
Chukovo village 191 191 100 20,884
Bagryanka village 318 318 100 9,029
Sokolino village 455 455 100 14,620
Gradina village - - - - -
Total 11,742 11,742 100 1,296,875
* Note: for the purposes of the report the Consultant has put a border between the
systems of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad at the distribution chamber at PR 2500 m3
„High zone” of Kardzhali. Thus we assume that the system of Momchilgrad starts at
the DC. See 4.3.2.1.1. Water supply system of Kardzhali.
3.4.2.2.8. Summary of the main deficiencies and recommendations
Table 3-43 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Momchilgrad
№ Components Main deficiency
1 Water sources The water use permission for 6 SW at PS „Zagorsko” 0349/06.06.20 has
expired on 30.06.2003
2 Water
treatment
(purification
and
chlorination)
It has been established that the water coming from DWTP Kardzhali has
residual chlorine quantity below the regulatory level. Additional
disinfection with sodium hypochlorite has been envisaged and is
implemented. The disinfectant is dosed manually.
The water from the shaft wells is disinfected with sodium hypochlorite at
PS Zagorsko. The disinfectant is not supplied proportianlly and is not
measured according to the quantity of residual chlorine in the water.
3 Transmission
water mains
The material of which the water supply pipes are made and their condition
influence the risk of external pollutants entering the pipes in case of leaks.
3 breakdowns were registered on the external trunk water mains.
All trunk water mains are made of steel and carry risks due to the high
number of breakdowns on them. Their replacement is pressing for
achieving security of the water supply of Momchilgrad
4 Water metering There is no sufficient number of water meters installed at the water
sources and at the inlet of the reservoirs. Water supplied in the external
system is not metered precisely.
Recommendations for repairing the above deficiencie s:
1. Water sources
Pursuant to the above described condition of the water sources and for providing their
future normal operation rehabilitation and reconstruction of the pipe systems and
updating of the water use permissions for the SW at PS Zagorsko must be done.
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2. Water treatment (purification and chlorination)
At the distribution chamber before Momchilgrad we envisage a chlorination
compartment to be built with equipment for supplying sodium hypochlorite pursuant to
the standard requirements and the good practices. The automatic management of this
disinfection station must be complied with the quantity of the residual chlorine in the
water.
At PS Zagorsko we envisage the complete rehabilitation of the existing chlorination
compartment for supplying disinfectant in compliance with the requirements of the
standard and the good practices.
3. Transmission water mains
The transmission water mains made of steel pipes with a big share of breakdowns
must be reconstructed and replaced with ones made of new and contemporary
materials. More specifically this refers to the steel water mains RC High zone
Kardzhali to RC Momchilgrad , as well as the steel pressure main from PS Zagorsko
to PR 3,000m3 of Momchilgrad.
For the rest of the water mains better operation and maintenance and gradual
replacement are necessary for achieving better security of the water supply of the
respective agglomeration.
4. Water metering
New water meters at the outlet of each water source must be installed or the old ones
replaced. Regular inspections of the existing water meters are mandatory for obtaining
actual data for the supplied water quantities.
Water supply system of the town of 3.4.2.3.
Krumovgrad
3.4.2.3.1. General features
The water supply system of the town of Krumovgrad consists of one PS”Krumovgrad -
1” which supplies the two PR 700 m3 and PR 1,000 m3, which supply the town. The
PS is situated in the town. It abstracts water from two SW located at a site on the
terrace of the Krumovitsa river.
Table 3-44 General features of the main water supply system of Krumovgrad
Component Description
Water sources 2 shaft wells
Treatment facilities The quality of the water coming from subsystem 1
complies with the requirements and no additional
treatment is necessary apart from the disinfection. It is
performed at PS Krumovgrad 1. At the pumping station
has been installed a monitoring and control station of all
important elements of the water supply system of
Krumovgrad. This station can be used for controlling some
major processes in the system.
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Component Description
The quality of the water coming from subsystem 2
complies with the requirements of Ordinance No 9 and no
additional treatment is necessary, only disinfection is
envisaged which is done with sodium hypochlorite at
pumping station I uplift.
Water storage 2 Pressure reservoirs
Pumping stations 1 pumping station
External trunk water mains 3,5 km with diameters from 160 to 350 polyethylene, steel
and asbestos cement
Connected Settlements 1 settlement – town of Krumovgrad
Total Population in Service Area 5,070 inhabitants in Krumovgrad (in 2011)
Connected Population 5,070 inhabitants
% of connected population 100 %
A detailed map showing the Existing external water supply system of Krumovgrad in
scale 1:25 000 is presented on Drawing № 6.
3.4.2.3.2. Water sources
The characteristics of the water sources are presented by water supply groups in the
tables below and outlined in more detail for every water sources in item 3.1.
Table 3-45 Sources and their features in the system of Krumovgrad
Name of Water
Source
Capacity
Notes Qmin
l/s
Qoper.
l/s
Qmin
l/s
2 shaft wells
Krumovgrad 28 29.20 81.0
There is a water use permission 0349/06.06.2001
which has expired on 30.06.2003. There is a
metering device installed and SPZ established.
Total water
quantity for
Krumovgrad
28 29.20 81.0
3.4.2.3.3. Water treatment
The quality of the water coming from subsystem 1 complies with the requirements and
no additional treatment is necessary apart from the disinfection. It is done with chlorine
gas according to the capacity of the pump, not proportionally to the flowing water
quantity. The quantity of the residual chlorine is not measured precisely and the dose
is not compliant with it. No chlorine deactivation system has been envisaged in case of
eventual damaged hermetic tightness of the installation. The station has not been
secured against eventual leaks in the chlorine storage cans. This puts the health and
life of the station operator at risk.
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Figure 3-7 PS Krumovgrad 1 – general view
Figure 3-8 Chlorination with chlorine gas
Figure 3-9 PS Krumovgrad 1 – machine room
Figure 3-10 PS Krumovgrad 1 System for
monitoring and control
The building and the mechanical and electrical equipment of the pumping station are
maintained well. A system for visualization and remote control of the main parameters
of the entire water supply system has been implemented.
The quality of the water coming from subsystem 2 complies with the requirements of
Ordinance No 9 and no additional treatment is necessary, only disinfection is
envisaged which is done with sodium hypochlorite at pumping station I uplift as the
disinfectant quantity complies with the pump capacity.
3.4.2.3.4. Water storage
The list of reservoirs of the man water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-46 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Krumovgrad
Name Location Total volume Vo [m³] Notes:
PR 1,000 m3 Krumovgrad 1000 Satisfactory technical
condition
PR 700 m3 Krumovgrad 700 Satisfactory technical
condition
Total for Krumovgrad 1,700
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3.4.2.3.5. Pumping stations
The water supply system has 1 pumping station supplying the two PR 1,000m3 and
PR 700 m3 from 2 shaft wells at the PS.
Table 3-47 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Krumovgrad
Name
Number
of
pumps
Operating
capacity of the
pumps [m³/h]
Suction reservoir [m³]
PS „Krumovgrad-
1 ”
1 223 70M32х4, Q=62 l/sec, H=110 m ,In good
technical condition
1 112 45M45х3 , Q=31 l/sec, H=110 m ,In good
technical condition
1 223 70M32х4 , Q=62 l/sec, H=110 m ,In good
technical condition
1 76 TWI 8.90-8 , Q=21 l/sec, H=120 m ,In good
technical condition
1 76 TWI 8.90-8 , Q=21 l/sec, H=120 m,In good
technical condition
Total in normal
operation mode 5 710
3.4.2.3.6. Transmission water mains
The list of the transmission water mains is presented in the table below.
Table 3-48 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Krumovgrad
Location Material Diameter
[mm] Length [km] Observations
From PS" Krumovgrad " to
НР1000 m3
Steel 350 1.0 Not good condition
Asbestos
cement 300 0.6 Not good condition
From PR 1000 m3 to PR 700
m3
Asbestos
cement 350 0.7 Not good condition
From PS" Krumovgrad " to PR
700 m3
Asbestos
cement 200 1.1* Not good condition
Polyethylene 160 0.2* Not good condition
Total for the systems of
Krumovgrad 3.6
*the lengths are within the boundaries of the town and are part of the internal water
main network.
Deficiencies:
Frequent breakdowns on the asbestos cement and steel pipes lead to continuous
repairs and danger of suspended supply of water to the settlement
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3.4.2.3.7. Water supplied settlements
The list of the settlements connected to the main water supply system is presented in
the table below. A reference is made to chapter 3.4.3 in terms of the features of the
distribution network.
Table 3-49 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Krumovgrad
Name of Settlement
Total
Population
[number]
Population
connected
to network
[number]
Share of
population
connected to
network [%]
Quantity of
Water
Supplied
[m³/year]
Water meter
installed
[yes/no]
Krumovgrad 5,070 5,070 100 398,600 Yes
Total 5,070 5,070 100 398,600
3.4.2.3.8. Summary of the main deficiencies and recommendations
Table 3-50 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Krumovgrad
№ Components Main deficiency
1 Water sources The water use permission for SW at PS „ Krumovgrad” 0349/06.06.2011
has expired on 30.06.2003.
2 Water
treatment
(purification
and
chlorination)
For PS Krumovgrad 1
The water coming from subsystem 1 is only disinfected with chlorine gas
supplied according to the pump capacity not proportionally to the flowing
water quantity. The input chlorine is not dosed precisely according to the
residual chlorine quantity.
No chlorine deactivation system has been envisaged in case of eventual
damaged hermetic tightness of the installation.
PS I uplift at shaft well
The water coming from subsystem 1 is only disinfected with sodium
hypochlorite by a pump but not proportionally to the flowing water
quantity. The input chlorine is not dosed precisely according to the
residual chlorine quantity.
3 Transmission
water mains
The material of which the water supply pipes are made and their condition
influence the risk of external pollutants entering the pipes in case of leaks.
2 breakdowns were registered on the external trunk water mains.
All trunk water mains are made of asbestos cement and carry risks due to
the high number of breakdowns on them. Their replacement is pressing
for achieving security of the water supply of Krumovgrad
4 Water metering There is no sufficient number of water meters installed at the water
sources and at the inlet of the reservoirs. Water supplied in the external
system is not metered precisely.
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Recommendations for repairing the above deficiencie s:
1. Water sources
Pursuant to the above described condition of the water sources and for providing their
future normal operation rehabilitation and reconstruction of the pipe systems and
updating of the water use permissions for the SW at PS Krumovgrad ” must be done.
2. Water treatment (purification and chlorination)
We envisage renovation of the chlorination installation at PS Krumovgrad 1, as the
installation will supply the disinfectant proportionally to the flowing water quantity and
the dosage will be measured in compliance with the residual quantity of chlorine in the
water. We envisage also completing the system with a chlorine deactivation
installation for eventual leaks in the system due to damaged hermetic tightness of the
system and the chlorine storage tanks.
The disinfection at PS I uplift for Izgrev quarter will be renovated and a storage and
dosing facility for the disinfected will be envisaged and a system for supplying the
disinfectant proportionally to the flowing water quantity and measuring the dosage in
compliance with the residual quantity of chlorine in the water.
3.Transmission water mains
The transmission water mains made of steel and asbestos cement pipes with a big
share of breakdowns must be reconstructed and replaced with ones made of new and
contemporary materials. More specifically this refers to the water mains from PS
Krumovgrad” to PR 1000 m3 and the water main from it to PR 700 m3.
For the rest of the water mains better operation and maintenance and gradual
replacement are necessary for achieving better security of the water supply of the
respective agglomeration.
4. Water metering
New water meters at the outlet of each water source must be installed or the old ones
replaced. Regular inspections of the existing water meters are mandatory for obtaining
actual data for the supplied water quantities.
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Water supply system of the town of 3.4.2.4.
Ardino
3.4.2.4.1. General features
Figure 3-11 PS Ardino 2 – general view
Figure 3-12 Disinfection with hydrated lime
Figure 3-13 Storage room for hydrated lime
Figure 3-14 PS Ardino – machine room
Figure 3-15 Shaft wells supplying water to PS
Ardino 2
The water supply system of Ardino consists of three sub-systems:
• The first sub-system – water from a karst spring on the territory of
Pravdolyub village is supplied to PR V=400m3, which supplies water to the
high zone of the town and by gravity to two pressure reservoirs – PR
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V=1000m3 and PR V=500m3 supplying the low zone. Pumping station
„Pravdolyub” situated on the site at the PR V=400m3 supplies PR V=180m3,
which supplies water to Beli Brezi. Water is supplied to PR V=180m3 also by
an old PS „Belite brezi“, which is used rarely as a backup source.
• The second sub-system – water from 2 shaft wells with bunker PS is
supplied to PS „Ardino“ which supplies PR V=1000m3, PR V=500m3 – low
zone and PR V=400m3 – high zone. Near PS „Ardino“ is located PS „Ardino –
old“, which is used as a backup source.
• Third sub-system – water from 3 springs in Daldzhata area is supplied
directly into the network of the town.
Table 3-51 General features of the main water supply system of Ardino
Component Description
Water sources 2 shaft wells and 3 springs Treatment facilities The quality of the water complies with the requirements
and no additional treatment is necessary apart from the disinfection. It is performed with hydrated lime at PS
Ardino 2. Water storage 4 Pressure reservoirs
Pumping stations 4 pumping stations External trunk water mains 14.35 km
Connected Settlements One settlement - Ardino Total Population in Service Area 3,493 inhabitants in the town of Ardino (in 2011 )
Connected Population 3,493 inhabitants % of connected population 100 %
A detailed map showing the Existing external water supply system of Ardino in scale
1:25 000 is presented on Drawing № 8
3.4.2.4.2. Water sources
The characteristics of the water sources are presented by water supply groups in the
tables below and outlined in more detail for every water sources in item 3.1.
Table 3-52 Sources and their features in the system of Ardino
Name of Water Source
Capacity
Notes Qmin
l/s
Qmin
l/s
Qmin
l/s
SW 1 for PS“Ardino -2“ 2 5,25 10 There is an up-to-date water use permission
300806/28.03.2005 valid till 28.03.2030
SW 2 for PS“Ardino -2“ 2 5,25 10 There is an up-to-date water use permission
300806/28.03.2005 valid till 28.03.2030.
Spring catchment at
Pravdolyub village 2,75 22
There is an up-to-date water use permission
300752/14.02.2005 valid till 14.02.2030
Springs in Daladzha area 9,88
Total water quantity for
Ardino 4 23,13 42
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3.4.2.4.3. Water treatment
Water from the water sources flows into the suction reservoir of pumping station
Ardino – 2. The quality of the water complies with the requirements of Ordinance No 9
and no additional treatment is necessary apart from the disinfection which is done with
hydrate lime at the pumping station. Though this is the most difficult and unpleasant
method of disinfection the WSS operator in Ardino has not allowed the consumption of
poor quality and non-disinfected water.
The water abstracted from the 3 springs in Daladzha area has good quality and no
treatment is necessary. This water is supplied directly into the network without
disinfection.
3.4.2.4.4. Water storage
The list of reservoirs of the man water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-53 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Ardino
Name Location
Total
volume
Vo [m³]
Notes:
PR 400 m3 Ardino 400 Satisfactory technical condition
PR 1000 m3 Ardino 1,000 Satisfactory technical condition
PR 500 m3 Ardino 500 Satisfactory technical condition
PR 180 m3 Beli brezi 180 Satisfactory technical condition
Total for the system of Ardino 2,080
3.4.2.4.5. Pumping stations
The water supply system has 4 pumping stations.
Table 3-54 Pumping stations of the water supply system of Ardino
Name
Number
of
pumps
Operating
capacity of
the pumps
[m³/h]
Suction
reservoir [m³] Name
PS „Ardino” 5 150 18MТ32*3, 11MТ32*3, CR45 5,
18MTP32*7, CR45 9
PS „Ardino – old“
PS „Pravdolyub” 2 11MТ32*10, 7MTP32*10
PS „Belite brezi“ 2 CRN 8 120, CR 5-22
Total in normal
operation mode 9 150
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3.4.2.4.6. Transmission water mains
The list of the transmission water mains is presented in the table below.
Table 3-55 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Ardino
Location Material Diameter
[mm] Length [km] Observations
From PS „Ardino“ to
PR V=1000m3 Steel 150 3.2 Bad operating condition
From PS „Ardino“ to
PR V=400m3 Steel 200 1.8 Bad operating condition
From PS „
Pravdolyub “ to PR
V=180m3
Steel 125 2.3 Bad operating condition
From PS „
Pravdolyub “ to PR
V=500m3
Asbestos
cement 200 3.0 Bad operating condition
From PS „belite
brezi“ to PR
V=180m3
Steel 80 0.35 Bad operating condition
From catchment to
CC
Asbestos
cement 80 2 Bad operating condition
From catchment to
CC
Asbestos
cement 80 1.7 Bad operating condition
Total for the systems
of Ardino 14.35
Deficiencies:
Frequent breakdowns on the asbestos cement and steel pipes lead to continuous
repairs and danger of suspended supply of water to the agglomeration
3.4.2.4.7. Water supplied settlements
The list of the settlements connected to the main water supply system is presented in
the table below. A reference is made to chapter 3.4.3 in terms of the features of the
distribution network.
Table 3-56 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Ardino
Name of Settlement
Total
Population
[number]
Population
connected
to network
[number]
Share of
population
connected to
network [%]
Quantity of
Water
Supplied
[m³/year]
Water
meter
installed
[yes/no]
Ardino 3,493 3,493 100 357,000
Total 3,493 3,493 100 357,000
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3.4.2.4.8. Summary of the main deficiencies and recommendations
Table 3-57 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Ardino
№ Components Main deficiency
1 Water
treatment
(purification
and
chlorination)
Water is disinfected using dosing pumps set at an average capacity of the pump
instead of proportionally to the flowing water. The input chlorine is not dosed
precisely according to the quantity of the residual chlorine.
Water from the springs in Daladzha area is not disinfected and is directly
supplied into the network.
2 Transmission
water mains
The material of which the water supply pipes are made and their condition
influence the risk of external pollutants entering the pipes in case of leaks.
7 breakdowns were registered on the external trunk water mains.
All trunk water mains made of asbestos cement and steel carry risks due to the
high number of breakdowns on them. Their replacement is pressing for
achieving security of the water supply of. Ardino
3 Water
metering
There is no sufficient number of water meters installed at the water sources and
at the inlet of the reservoirs. Water supplied in the external system is not
metered precisely.
Recommendations for repairing the above deficiencie s:
1. Water treatment (purification and chlorination)
The consultant recommends supplying the disinfectant proportionally to the flowing
water quantity and dosing the disinfectant in compliance with the residual quantity of
chlorine in the water.
The water abstracted from the springs at Daladzha are must be collected in a
collection chamber and a chlorination station must be built there pursuant to the
requirements of the disinfection standard for disinfection of the water before it enters
the network.
2. Transmission water mains
All asbestos cement and steel water mains must be replaced..
3. Water metering
New water meters at the outlet of each water source must be installed or the old ones
replaced. Regular inspections of the existing water meters are mandatory for obtaining
actual data for the supplied water quantities.
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Water supply system of the town of 3.4.2.5.
Dzhebel
3.4.2.5.1. General features
The water supply system of the town of Dzhebel consists of two sub-systems:
- the first sub-system from PS „Dzhebel” pumps water via a SR 10 m3 from a
SW situated on the site of the PS. It supplies PR 500 m3 which supplies the
high zone of the town and it supplies PR 140 m3 supplying the low zone.
- the second sub-system from PS Ptichar – 1 (Group – Dzhebel) supplies a
transit PR 500 m3 (Polyanets village) which supplies by gravity PR 350 m3
which supplies the eastern part of Dzhebel, part of the low zone and the
villages of Slanchogled, Dushinkovo, Polyanets, Rogozari and Velikdenche.
At the site of the PS there are 2 SW and a suction reservoir 25 m3.
Table 3-58 General features of the main water supply system of Dzhebel
Component Description
Water sources 3 shaft wells
Treatment facilities There are no treatment facilities for raw water treatment.
The only treatment is disinfection of the water.
Water storage 4 Pressure reservoirs
Pumping stations 2 pumping station
External trunk water mains 12.1 km with diameter 200 asbestos cement and PE
Connected Settlements
6 settlements – town of Dzhebel, the villages of
Slanchogled, Dushinkovo, Polyanets, Rogozari and
Velikdenche.
Total Population in Service Area
3,093 inhabitants in the town of Dzhebel and
619 people in the villages of Slanchogled, Dushinkovo,
Polyanets, Rogozari and Velikdenche. (in 2011)
Connected Population 3,712 inhabitants
% of connected population 100 %
A detailed map showing the Existing external water supply system of Dzhebel in scale
1:25 000 is presented on Drawing № 10.
3.4.2.5.2. Water sources
The characteristics of the water sources are presented by water supply groups in the
tables below and outlined in more detail for every water sources in item 3.1.
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Table 3-59 Sources and their features in the system of Dzhebel
Name of Water
Source
Capacity
Notes Qmin
l/s
Qmin
l/s
Qmin
l/s
Water sources of the system supplying PR 500 m3 and PR 140 m3
SW Dzhebel 7 12,76 18
There is a water use permission 0349/06.06.2001 for 7 water
abstraction facilities which has expired on 30.06.2004 and 3 up-
to-date permissions for 4 water abstraction facilities. There is a
metering device installed and SPZ established
Total water quantity
for the system 7 4,87 18
Water sources of the system supplying PR 350 m3
2 SW Ptichar - 39 39
There is a water use permission 0349/06.06.2001 which has
expired on 30.06.2004. There is a metering device installed and
SPZ established.
Total water quantity
for the system 0 39 0
Total water quantity
for Dzhebel 7 43,87 57
3.4.2.5.3. Water treatment
Water coming from the shaft wells has good quality and complies with the
requirements and no treatment facilities are to be built. Water enters the suction
reservoir at the pumping station and after the disinfection is supplied to the population.
Figure 3-16 PS Dzhebel – general view
Figure 3-17 PS Dzhebel – shaft well
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Figure 3-18 PS Dzhebel - chlorination
Figure 3-19 PS Dzhebel – machine room
3.4.2.5.4. Water storage
The list of reservoirs of the man water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-60 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Dzhebel
Name Location Total volume
Vo [m³] Notes:
PR 500 m3 Dzhebel 500 Satisfactory
technical condition
PR 350 m3 Dzhebel 350 Satisfactory
technical condition
PR 140 m3 Dzhebel 140 Satisfactory
technical condition
PR 500 m3 Polyantes village 500 Satisfactory
technical condition
Total for Dzhebel 1,490
3.4.2.5.5. Pumping stations
The water supply system has 2 pumping stations supplying water directly into the
three PR of the town – PS” Dzhebel” and via a transit PR 500 m3 of Polyanets village
to PR 350 m3 – PS Ptichar - 1”.
Table 3-61 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Dzhebel
Name
Number
of
pumps
Operating
capacity of the
pumps [m³/h]
Suction
reservoir [m³] Name
PS „Dzhebel” 2 45 10
„CR 45 - 7: 11MT
32X4” Q=12,4 l/s,
Н=122mIn good
technical condition
PS „Ptichar 1” 2 50 25
CR 45 7 2; Q=14;
H=110; P= 30 In good
technical condition
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Name
Number
of
pumps
Operating
capacity of the
pumps [m³/h]
Suction
reservoir [m³] Name
Total in normal operation
mode 4 95 35
At the outlet after the two pumping station there are water meters installed - DN 200
for PS „Ptichar” and DN 100 for PS ”Dzhebel”.
3.4.2.5.6. Transmission water mains
The list of the transmission water mains is presented in the table below.
Table 3-62 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Dzhebel
Location Material Diameter [mm] Length [km] Observations
Water mains of the system supplying PR 500 m3 and PR 140 m3 -PS"Dzhebel"
From PS "Dzhebel" to PR 500m3 Polyethylene 125 1.9 Good condition
From PR 500 m3 to PR 140 m3 Asbestos cement 125 1.2 Not good condition
Total for the system 3.10*
Water mains of the system supplying PR 350m3 – PS "Ptichar -1"
From PS" Ptichar" to PR 500m3
Polyanets village Asbestos cement 200 2.8 Not good condition
From PR 500 m3 Polyanets
village to PR 350 m3 Asbestos cement 200 6.2 Not good condition
Total for the system 9
Total for the systems of Dzhebel 12.10*
*The report submitted by the WSSC shows a total of 0.9 km external water mains for
Dzhebel. The length of the two sub-systems is about 12 km but it must be considered
that the system from PS „Dzhebel” is entirely within the boundaries of the town or the
length of the external water mains is about 9.0 km. The difference of about 8.0 km are
off-balance sheet assets.
Deficiencies:
Frequent breakdowns on the asbestos cement and steel pipes lead to continuous
repairs and danger of suspended supply of water to the agglomeration
3.4.2.5.7. Water supplied settlements
The list of the settlements connected to the main water supply system is presented in
the table below. A reference is made to chapter 3.4.3 in terms of the features of the
distribution network.
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Table 3-63 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Dzhebel
Name of Settlement
Total
Population
[number]
Population
connected
to network
[number]
Share of
population
connected to
network [%]
Quantity of
Water
Supplied
[m³/year]
Water
meter
installed
[yes/no]
Dzhebel 3,093 3,093 100 153,450 Yes
Slanchogled village 211 211 100 7,800
Dushinkovo village 104 104 100 5,300
Polyanets village 126 126 100 5,450
Rogozari village 76 76 100 4,150
Velikdenche village 102 102 100 6,450
Total 3,712 3,712 100 182,600
3.4.2.5.8. Summary of the main deficiencies and recommendations
Table 3-64 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Dzhebel
№ Components Main deficiency
1 Water sources There is a water use permission for SW Ptichar and SW „Dzhebel”
0349/06.06.2001 which has expired on 30.06.2004. There is a metering
device installed and a SPZ established.
2 Water
treatment
(purification
and
chlorination)
The inlet water is only disinfected before it is supplied to the network of the
settlements. Water is disinfected using dosing pumps set at an average
capacity of the pump instead of proportionally to the flowing water. The
input chlorine is not dosed precisely according to the quantity of residual
chlorine in the water.
3 Storage
reservoirs
The reservoirs need better on-going maintenance – corroded pipes and
fixtures must be replaced, old stop valves, pipes, rails, stairs, etc.
4 Transmission
water mains
The material of which the water supply pipes are made and their condition
influence the risk of external pollutants entering the pipes in case of leaks.
9 breakdowns were registered on the external trunk water mains.
All trunk water mains are made of asbestos cement and carry risks due to
the high number of breakdowns on them. Their replacement is pressing for
achieving security of the water supply of Dzhebel
5 Water metering There is no sufficient number of water meters installed at the inlet of the
reservoirs.
Recommendations for repairing the above deficiencie s:
1. Water sources
Pursuant to the above described condition of the water sources and for providing their
future normal operation rehabilitation and reconstruction of the pipe systems and
updating of the water use permissions for the SW at PS ”Dzhebel” and PS ”Ptichar”.
2. Water treatment (purification and chlorination)
We recommend the building of a water disinfection installation compliant with the
requirements supplying the disinfectant proportionally to the flowing water quantity and
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dosing the disinfectant precisely in compliance with the residual quantity of chlorine in
the water.
3. Transmission water mains
The transmission water mains made of asbestos cement pipes with a big share of
breakdowns must be reconstructed and replaced with ones made of new and
contemporary materials. More specifically this refers to the water main from PS
„Ptichar” to PR 350 m3.
For the rest of the water mains better operation and maintenance and gradual
replacement are necessary for achieving better security of the water supply of the
respective agglomeration.
4. Water metering
New water meters at the outlet of each water source must be installed or the old ones
replaced. Regular inspections of the existing water meters are mandatory for obtaining
actual data for the supplied water quantities.
Water supply system of the village of 3.4.2.6.
Benkovski
3.4.2.6.1. General features
The village of Benkovski is supplied by a group water source situated at about 2 km
west of the village of Benkovski on the left bank of the Varbitsa river in the territory of
the village of Dedets. The water source consists of a shaft well with diameter 3m. By
PS „Benkovski“ situated near the water source water is supplied to a pressure
reservoir with V=140 m3 at the village of Yagnevo. From there along a gravity water
main built of asbestos cement pipes Ø125 water is supplied to a pressure reservoir
with V=160 m3 at the village of Veslets (northern zone of Benkovski).
Table 3-65 General features of the main water supply system of Benkovski
Component Description
Water sources 1 shaft well
Treatment facilities There are no treatment facilities for raw water treatment.
The only treatment is disinfection of the water.
Water storage 2 Pressure reservoirs
Pumping stations 1 pumping station
External trunk water mains 3.6 km polyethylene and asbestos cement
Connected Settlements Benkovski village
Total Population in Service Area 2,121 inhabitants for Benkovski (in 2011)
Connected Population 2,121 inhabitants
% of connected population 100 %
A detailed map showing the Existing external water supply system Benkovski in scale
1:25 000 is presented on Drawing № 12.
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3.4.2.6.2. Water sources
The characteristics of the water sources are presented by water supply groups in the
tables below and outlined in more detail for every water sources in item 3.1.
Table 3-66 Sources and their features in the system of Benkovski
Name of Water Source
Capacity
Notes Qmin
l/s
Qmin
l/s
Qmin
l/s
Shaft well 20 35
There is a water use permission
0349/06.06.2001 which has expired on
30.06.2003. There is a metering device
installed and SPZ established.
Total water quantity for
Benkovski
20 35
3.4.2.6.3. Water treatment
Water coming from the shaft wells has good quality and complies with the
requirements and no treatment facilities are to be built. Water enters the suction
reservoir at the pumping station and after the disinfection is supplied to the population
Figure 3-20 PS Dedets, Benkovski Figure 3-21 Shaft wells at PS Dedets
Figure 3-22 PS Dedets – machine room
Figure 3-23 PS Dedets – disinfection with sodium
hypochlorite
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Figure 3-24 Dedets – radio modem for
transmission of information from the PS to a
monitoring and management station in Kirkovo
village
3.4.2.6.4. Water storage
The list of reservoirs of the man water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-67 Reservoirs of the main water supply system of Benkovski
Name Location Total volume Vo [m³] Notes:
PR 140 m3 Yagnevo village 140 Satisfactory technical
condition
PR 160 m3 Veslets village 160 Satisfactory technical
condition
Total for Benkovski 300
3.4.2.6.5. Pumping stations
The water supply system has one pumping station with two pump groups. The
pumping group for the water supply system of Benkovski consists of 2 pumps.
Table 3-68 Pumping stations at the water supply system of Benkovski
Name Number
of pumps
Operating capacity of the
pumps [m³/h] Suction reservoir [m³]
PS „Benkovski“ 2
Total in normal operation
mode
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3.4.2.6.6. Transmission water mains
The list of the transmission water mains is presented in the table below
Table 3-69 Transmission water mains of the main water supply system of Benkovski
Location Material Diameter
[mm] Length [km] Observations
From PS „Benkovski“
to PR V=140m3 Polyethylene 140 1.6 Good operating condition
From PR V=140m3 to
PR V=160m3
Asbestos
cement 125 2 Bad operating condition
Total for the system of
Benkovski 3.6
Deficiencies:
Frequent breakdowns on the asbestos cement and steel pipes lead to continuous
repairs and danger of suspended supply of water to the agglomeration.
3.4.2.6.7. Water supplied settlements
The list of the settlements connected to the main water supply system is presented in
the table below. A reference is made to chapter 3.4.3 in terms of the features of the
distribution network.
Table 3-70 Settlements connected to the main water supply network of Benkovski
Name of Settlement
Total
Population
[number]
Population
connected
to network
[number]
Share of
population
connected to
network [%]
Quantity of
Water
Supplied
[m³/year]
Water
meter
installed
[yes/no]
Benkovski village 2,121 2,121 100 153,450
Total 2,121 2,121 100 153,450
3.4.2.6.8. Summary of the main deficiencies and recommendations
Table 3-71 Summary of the main deficiencies in the main water supply system of Benkovski
№ Components Main deficiency
1 Water sources There is a water use permission for 1 SW at PS „Benkovski” 0349/06.06.20,
which has expired on 30.06.2003
2 Water
treatment
(purification
and
chlorination)
The inlet water is only disinfected before it is supplied to the network of the
settlements. Water is disinfected using dosing pumps set at an average capacity
of the pump instead of proportionally to the flowing water. The input chlorine is
not dosed precisely according to the quantity of residual chlorine in the water.
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№ Components Main deficiency
3 Transmission
water mains
The material of which the water supply pipes are made and their condition
influence the risk of external pollutants entering the pipes in case of leaks.
12 breakdowns were registered on the external trunk water mains.
Part of the trunk water mains are made of asbestos cement and carry risks due
to the high number of breakdowns on them. Their replacement is pressing for
achieving security of the water supply of Benkovski.
4 Water
metering
There is no sufficient number of water meters installed at the water sources and
at the inlet of the reservoirs. Water supplied in the external system is not
metered precisely.
Recommendations for repairing the above deficiencie s:
1. Water sources
Pursuant to the above described condition of the water sources and for providing their
future normal operation rehabilitation and reconstruction of the pipe systems and
updating of the water use permissions for the SW at PS ”Benkovski“.
2. Water treatment (purification and chlorination)
We recommend the building of a water disinfection installation compliant with the
requirements supplying the disinfectant proportionally to the flowing water quantity and
measuring the dosage in compliance with the residual quantity of chlorine in the water
3. Transmission water mains
The asbestos cement water main Ø125 from PR 140m3 to PR 160m3 must be
replaced.
4. Water metering
New water meters at the outlet of each water source must be installed or the old ones
replaced. Regular inspections of the existing water meters are mandatory for obtaining
actual data for the supplied water quantities.
Water supply systems of settlements 3.4.2.7.
below 2,000 inhabitants
3.4.2.7.1. General features
On the territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali are available 104 water supply systems of
which 36 with pumped supply and 68 with gravity supply supplying a total number of
244 settlements of which 238 have population below 2,000 inhabitants. Due to the
topography specifics (mostly montane) most of the systems are operated by pumps.
The length of the systems supplying the settlements including the internal distribution
network is about 513 km of which nearly 85-90% are built of highly amortised
asbestos cement and steel pipes.
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Table 3-72 General features
Component Description
Water sources 54
Treatment facilities There are no treatment facilities for raw water treatment. The only
treatment is disinfection of the water by chlorination.
Water storage 137 Pressure reservoirs
Pumping stations 101 pumping stations
External trunk water mains 513 km
Connected Settlements 238 settlements below 2,000 inhabitants
Total Population in Service Area 62,846 inhabitants (in 2011)
Connected Population 62,846 inhabitants
% of connected population 100 %
3.4.2.7.2. Summary of the main deficiencies and recommendations
Table 3-73 Summary of the main deficiencies
№ Components Main deficiency
1 Water sources Water use permissions must be issued or renewed
2 Water
treatment
(purification
and
chlorination)
Disinfection is not performed in compliance with the regulatory requirements.
The quantity of the residual chlorine is not measured automatically.
3 Transmission
water mains
The material of which the water supply pipes are made and their condition
influence the risk of external pollutants entering the pipes in case of leaks.
Part of the trunk water mains are made of asbestos cement and carry risks due
to the high number of breakdowns on them. Their replacement is pressing for
achieving security of the water supply.
4 Water
metering
There is no sufficient number of water meters installed at the water sources and
at the inlet of the reservoirs. Water supplied in the external system is not
metered precisely.
Recommendations for repairing the above deficiencie s:
1. Water sources
Pursuant to the above described condition of the water sources and for providing their
future normal operation rehabilitation and reconstruction of the pipe systems and
facilities structure. SPZs for the water sources without such must be established.
Water use permissions for the water sources which have no such must be issued as
soon as possible.
2. Water treatment (purification and chlorination)
The installations and the structural sections at the pressure reservoirs and pumping
stations (according to the chlorination point) must be rehabilitated in the settlements
below 2,000 inhabitants.
3. Transmission water mains
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The transmission water mains made of steel and asbestos cement pipes with a big
share of breakdowns must be reconstructed and replaced with ones made of new and
contemporary materials. For the rest of the water mains better operation and
maintenance and gradual replacement are necessary for achieving better security of
the water supply of the respective agglomeration/settlement.
4. Water storage (reservoirs)
Reservoirs need better on-going maintenance – fighting outer corrosion on pipes and
fixtures, replacement of old stop valves, pipes, raisl, stairs, etc.
5. Water metering
New water meters at the outlet of each water source must be installed or the old ones
replaced. Regular inspections of the existing water meters are mandatory for obtaining
actual data for the supplied water quantities
Efficiency of the the water supply 3.4.2.8.
system of ViK Kardzhali
Operation and maintenance costs:
The annual operation and maintenance costs of the WSSC are presented in the table
below:
Table 3-74 Operating and maintenance costs of the water supply systems operated by ViK Kardzhali
Type of costs Amount (thousand of
BGN/year)
Share of total [%]
1. Energy costs 658 13
2. Materials 231 5
3. Staff 2,285 46
4. Maintenance 88 2
5. Other 1,693 34
Total 4,955 100
Breakdowns on the external water mains in the examined water supply systems and
reliability of the supply:
According to information provided by ViK Kardzhali” OOD the total number of
breakdowns on the external water mains of the 6 water supply systems (zones) in
2011 was 38 in total. According to the systems the breakdowns are as follows: 7 in the
system of Ardino, 9 in the system of Benkovski, 12 in the system of Dzhebel, 2 in the
system of Krumovgrad, 5 in the system of Kardzhali and 3 in the system of
Momchilgrad. It is worth noticing that the systems in which the water is transported by
pumps have higher number of breakdowns (Dzhebel and Benkovski ) compared to
systems supplied by gravity.
With total length of the water mains of the 6 systems (zones) supplying water – 93.06
km in 2011 the number of breakdowns per km was 0.408.
Despite that the external water supply systems are mostly olf and made of the
unreliable asbestos cement and steel pipes as a whole the water supply to the urban
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agglomerations of Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel and
Benkovski is relatively secure.
Water losses:
According to information provided by ViK Kardzhali probably about 10% of the
technical losses in the water supply systems come from the external water mains –
this is ≈ 70,705 m3/year (most of them come probably from small hidden leaks which
are hard to detect or never detected).
Energy efficiency:
The assessment shows that
The pumps in the existing pumping stations of the systems are relatively new and are
in good or satisfactory condition. There is no increased energy consumption or
reduced capacity observed.
DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS 3.4.3.
Distribution network of the town of 3.4.3.1.
Kardzhali
Water main network
The share of water supplied population in the town of Kardzhali is 100% and the water
supply infrastructure is fully built at present.
The existing water main network of the town is built of asbestos cement pipes, steel
pipes and polyethylene pipes. The total length of the water mains is about 88.3 km
and they were built mainly in the 1950-60’s. The off-balance sheet assets are about
3.3km (owned by the Municipality or another authority). At the entrance of the town is
installed an indirect operation pressure regulator with membrane motion with diameter
Ø600 mm. The pressure regulation helps reduce the breakdowns in the distribution
network.
Information about the length, material and diameters of the distribution network is
presented in the table below. Most of the problems of the water main network come
from asbestos cement and steel pipes.
Table 3-75 Distribution network in Kardzhali
Material Nominal
diameter [mm] Length [km]
Share of total
length [%] Age Observations
Asbestos
cement up to Ø 150 59.2 67
The date of acquisition of the
assets is 31.12.1992
Steel up to Ø 300 12.8 14 The date of acquisition of the
assets is 31.12.1992
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Material Nominal
diameter [mm] Length [km]
Share of total
length [%] Age Observations
High
density
polyethylen
e PEHD
up to Ø 150 16.3 19
Less
than 10
years
In Borovets quarter is built
about 3.3 km water main
network of PE which has not
been transferred to the WSS
company for operation.
Total 88.3 100
Service
connections
3/4” - 2” Ø25 –
Ø110 9350
A detailed map showing the Existing water distribution network of Kardzhali in scale
1:5000 is presented on Drawing № 14.
Booster pumping stations
On the territory of Kardzhali there are 3 pumping stations (see section 3.4.2.1.5)
Pressure reservoirs
The list of reservoirs of the main water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-76 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Kardzhali
Name Location
Total
volume
Vo [m³]
Year of
construction Notes:
PR 13000 m3 Kardzhali 13,000 Good technical
condition
PR 5000m3 (currently
2,500m3) Kardzhali 2,500
Good technical
condition
PR 600m3 Kardzhali 600 Good technical
condition
PR 600m3 Kardzhali 600 Good technical
condition
PR 280m3 Kardzhali 280 Good technical
condition
Total for Kardzhali 16,980
3.4.3.1.1. Water metering
According to data obtained from „ViK” OOD – Kardzhali – 100 % of the registered
consumers have water meters. All households registered as consumers have water
meters. Apart from the individual water meters for consumers, all blocks of flats are
provided with main water meters. All public and industrial consumers (large and small)
are endowed with water meters.
Water meter reading is carried out on a monthly basis. There is an approved schedule
for verification and calibration or if necessary for replacement of water meters. This
schedule is chiefly performed for the main water meters and insufficiently for the small
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(house) water meters. (According to the legislation, verification and calibration should
be conducted every 5 years.
Table 3-77 Customer metering in the town of Kardzhali
№ Quantity [number] Percentage
Total number of service connections 9,350
Total number of customers 9,350 100 %
Number of customers with water meters 9,350 100 %
Number of customers with operational water
meters 9,350 100 %
Number of water meters installed 9,350
3.4.3.1.2. Efficiency of the water supply system
Breakdowns in the water mains and water supply inse curity
According to the data provided by the Operator, the total number of breakdowns in the
distribution network of Kardzhali in 2011 was 326 breakdowns per year, 295 on the
street water mains and 31 on the service connections which means 3.69
breakdowns/km per year. The number of breakdowns in Kardzhali is very high. It
should be considered that the number of failures mentioned above applies to the
visible leaks and breakdowns.
According to the data provided by the Operator, the breakdowns in the network of
Kardzhali occur in different areas and on various pipe sections. No zones featuring
high failure rate were outlined. Again, according to the information of the Operator,
failures take place most frequently on asbestos cement pipes and steel pipes.
Despite the substantial number of failures, water delivery to consumers is sufficiently
well guaranteed. Water supply is disconnected in a given quarter or quarters only
during the performance of intervention works for the respective failure.
Water losses:
Non-revenue water assessment for the entire water supply system of Kardzhali is
presented in Item 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water Assessment – Table
3-28 and Appendix 3-7 (Table 2).
Real losses in the distribution network are estimated to 46 % of the total water input of
the distribution network. We emphasize that no accurate measurements have been
conducted by the Operator in order to determine the losses in the network.
Table 3-78 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Kardzhali for 2011.
Types of Real Losses
Quantity of
Losses
[m³/year]
Share of
Total [%] Comment
Real losses in the street water
distribution mains 485,207 25.0
81 % of the distribution
network is in bad condition
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Types of Real Losses
Quantity of
Losses
[m³/year]
Share of
Total [%] Comment
Real losses in the service
connections 1,067,455 55.0
Service connections are in
very bad condition
(corroded steel pipes)
Real losses due to overflow of
pressure reservoirs 388,166 20.0
Reservoirs are in good
condition
Real losses (total) 1,940,828 100%
With reference to Chapter 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water, it can be
seen that non-revenue water equals 52 %, and a major part of it is due to real losses
which are estimated to be about 46 % of the total system input. Real losses in the
street distribution network and service connections in Kardzhali are estimated at about
37 % of the water supplied to the network of Kardzhali.
Deficiencies:
• Frequent breakdowns of pipes as a result of the outdated and amortised distribution network
• 55 % of the real losses come from service connections
3.4.3.1.3. Summary of the main deficiencies
The following table contains a summary of the main deficiencies of the distribution
network of Kardzhali
Table 3-79 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Kardzhali
№ Components Main deficiency
1
Water
Distribution
Network
81 % of the existing water main network is made of asbestos cement and
steel pipes which causes high number of leaks and frequent breakdowns.
There are areas where the network has to be completed considering the
future development of the town.
Water supply is unreliable due to interruptions of the supply during the
period of repairing the breakdowns.
The water main network of Kardzhali does not comply with the
requirements of ORDINANCE NoIз-1971 of 29.10.2009ON THE
CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL RULES AND STANDRADS FOR
FIRE SAFETY in terms of the necessary number of fire hydrants for
shutting down zones up to 5 fire hydrants and the required number of the
fire hydrants. For settlements below 100,000 inhabitants the distance
between the fire hydrants must not exceed 150 m.
The water main network of Borovets quarter has not been transferred to
the WSS operator for operation.
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№ Components Main deficiency
2
Service
Connections
The total number of service connections is 9,350 mainly built of
galvanized steel pipes which are highly corroded and are the main reason
for water losses in the town.
The service connections are in poor condition and are a source of
breakdowns and water losses
81% of the service connections are made of galvanized steel pipes
Presence of unauthorised connections
3 Water Metering
A large number of old water meters (80% of the verified water meters are
inaccurate and measure smaller quantities)
There are PIS prepared for the WSS infrastructure of Kardzhali agglomeration and a
WD for the trunk water main to WWTP Kardzhali which is part of Priority Axis 1
“Improvement and development of the drinking water and wastewater infrastructure in
agglomerations between 2,000 and 10,000 PE” of Operational Programme
Environment 2007-2013.“
Distribution network of the town of 3.4.3.2.
Momchilgrad
Water main network
The town of Momchilgrad is supplied with water mainly from Borovitsa dam. From the
dam the water comes by gravity into a relief chamber with volume of 10m3 and from
there is supplied to a reservoir 3,000m3 situated in the north-eastern part of the town
above Orfei quarter. PR 3000m3 operates as a counter pressure reservoir for the
water supply system of the town. A small part of the reservoir volume is supplied by
PS Zagorsko.
The share of water supplied population in the town of Momchilgrad is 100% and the
water supply infrastructure is fully built at present.
The existing water main network of the town is built of asbestos cement pipes, steel
pipes and polyethylene pipes. The total length of the water mains is about 22.4 km
and they were built mainly in the 1950-60’s. The off-balance sheet assets are about
1.1km (owned by the Municipality or another authority).
Information about the length, material and diameters of the distribution network is
presented in the table below. Most of the problems of the water main network come
from asbestos cement and steel pipes.
Table 3-80 Distribution network in Momchilgrad
Material Nominal diameter
[mm]
Length
[km]
Share of
total
length [%]
Age Observations
Asbestos cement up to Ø 150 19.8 88 Over 50
years
The date of
acquisition of the
assets is 31.12.1992
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Material Nominal diameter
[mm]
Length
[km]
Share of
total
length [%]
Age Observations
Steel up to Ø 300 0.5 2 Over 40
years
The date of
acquisition of the
assets is 31.12.1992
High density
polyethylene PEHD up to Ø 150 2.1 9
Less
than 10
years
Good technical
condition.
Total 22.4 100
Service connections 3/4” - 2”
Ø25 – Ø90 2,470
A detailed map of the Existing water distribution network of Momchilgrad in scale
1:5000 is presented on Drawing № 16.
Booster pumping stations
There are no pumping stations on the territory of Momchilgrad
Pressure reservoirs
The list of reservoirs of the main water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-81 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Momchilgrad
Name Total volume Vo
Notes: [m³]
PR 3000 m3 3,000 Satisfactory technical condition
Total for Momchilgrad 3,000
There is a DN 200 water meter installed after the relief chamber and a DN 300 water
meter at the outlet of PR 3000 m3.
3.4.3.2.1. Water metering
According to data obtained from „ViK” OOD – Kardzhali – 100 % of the registered
consumers have water meters. All households registered as consumers have water
meters. Apart from the individual water meters for consumers, all blocks of flats are
provided with main water meters. All public and industrial consumers (large and small)
are endowed with water meters.
Water meter reading is carried out on a monthly basis. There is an approved schedule
for verification and calibration or if necessary for replacement of water meters. This
schedule is chiefly performed for the main water meters and insufficiently for the small
(house) water meters. (According to the legislation, verification and calibration should
be conducted every 5 years.
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Table 3-82 Customer metering in the town of Momchilgrad
№ Quantity [number] Percentage
Total number of service connections 2,470
Total number of customers 2,470 100 %
Number of customers with water meters 2,470 100 %
Number of customers with operational water
meters 2,470 100 %
Number of water meters installed 2,470
3.4.3.2.2. Efficiency of the water supply system
Breakdowns in the water mains and water supply inse curity:
According to the data provided by the Operator, the total number of breakdowns in the
distribution network of Momchilgrad in 2011 was 55 breakdowns per year, 24 on the
street water mains and 31 on the service connections which means 2.4
breakdowns/km per year. The number of breakdowns in Momchilgrad is very high. It
should be considered that the number of failures mentioned above applies to the
visible leaks and breakdowns.
According to the data provided by the Operator, the breakdowns in the network of
Momchilgrad occur in different areas and on various pipe sections. No zones featuring
high failure rate were outlined. Again, according to the information of the Operator,
failures take place most frequently on asbestos cement pipes and steel pipes.
Despite the substantial number of failures, water delivery to consumers is sufficiently
well guaranteed. Water supply is disconnected in a given quarter or quarters only
during the performance of intervention works for the respective failure.
Water losses:
Non-revenue water assessment for the entire water supply system of Momchilgrad is
presented in Item 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water Assessment – Table
3-28 and Appendix 3-7 (Table 3).
Real losses in the distribution network are estimated to 62 % of the total water input of
the distribution network. We emphasize that no accurate measurements have been
conducted by the Operator in order to determine the losses in the network.
Table 3-83 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Momchilgrad in 2011.
Types of Real Losses Quantity of
Losses [m³/year] Share of Total [%]
Comment
Real losses in the street water distribution mains
175,037 25.0 90 % of the distribution
network is in bad condition
Real losses in the service connections
385,080 55.0 Service connections are in
very bad condition (corroded steel pipes)
Real losses due to overflow of pressure reservoirs
140,029 20.0 Reservoirs are in good
condition Real losses (total) 700,146 100%
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With reference to Chapter 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water, it can be
seen that non-revenue water equals 68 %, and a major part of it is due to real losses
which are estimated to be about 62 % of the total system input. Real losses in the
street distribution network and service connections in Momchilgrad are estimated at
about 49 % of the water supplied to the network of Momchilgrad.
Deficiencies:
• Frequent breakdowns of pipes as a result of the outdated and amortised distribution network
• 55 % of the real losses come from service connections
3.4.3.2.3. Summary of the main deficiencies
The following table contains a summary of the main deficiencies of the distribution
network of Momchilgrad.
Table 3-84 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Momchilgrad
№ Components Main deficiency
1
Water
Distribution
Network
84 % of the existing water main network is made of asbestos cement and steel pipes
which causes high number of leaks and frequent breakdowns.
There are problems with providing normal pressure and flow in certain sections of the
network
There are areas where the network has to be completed considering the future
development of the town.
Water supply is unreliable due to interruptions of the supply during the period of repairing
the breakdowns.
The water main network of Momchilgrad does not comply with the requirements of
ORDINANCE NoIз-1971 of 29.10.2009ON THE CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL
RULES AND STANDRADS FOR FIRE SAFETY in terms of the necessary number of fire
hydrants for shutting down zones up to 5 fire hydrants and the required number of the
fire hydrants. For settlements below 100,000 inhabitants the distance between the fire
hydrants must not exceed 150 m.
2 Service
Connections
The total number of service connections is 2,470 mainly built of galvanized steel pipes
which are highly corroded and are the main reason for water losses in the town.
The service connections are in poor condition and are a source of breakdowns and
water losses
84% of the service connections are made of galvanized steel pipes
Presence of unauthorised connections
3 Water
metering
Inaccurate metering of water supplied to the network
A large number of old water meters (80% of the verified water meters are inaccurate and
measure smaller quantities)
4 Pressure
reservoirs
Reservoirs need better operation – fighting the external corrosion of the pipes and
fixtures, replacement of old SV, pipes, rails, stairs, etc.
Pre-investment Study, Draft and Working designs have been prepared for the
agglomeration and the WSS infrastructure of Momchilgrad, which is part of Priority
Axis 1 “Improvement and development of the drinking water and wastewater
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infrastructure in agglomerations between 2,000 and 10,000 PE” of Operational
Programme Environment 2007-2013.“
Distribution network of the town of 3.4.3.3.
Krumovgrad
Water main network
The town of Krumovgrad is supplied with water only from the tow shaft wells in the
terrace of the Krumovitsa River which supply PS „Krumovgrad - 1” supplying water to
PR 1000 m3 from which by gravity the water reaches PR 700 m3 which is the main
reservoir for the town of Krumovgrad.
The share of water supplied population in the town of Krumovgrad е 100% is 100%
and the water supply infrastructure is fully built at present.
The existing water main network of the town is built of asbestos cement pipes, steel
pipes and polyethylene pipes. The total length of the water mains is about 17.1 km
and they were built mainly in the 1950-60’s. The off-balance sheet assets are about
4.4 km (owned by the Municipality or another authority).
Information about the length, material and diameters of the distribution network is
presented in the table below. Most of the problems of the water main network come
from asbestos cement and steel pipes.
Table 3-85 Distribution network of Krumovgrad
Material Nominal
diameter [mm]
Length
[km]
Share of total
length [%] Age Observations
Asbestos
cement up to Ø 300 14.1 82
Over 30
years
The date of acquisition
of the assets is
31.12.1992
Steel up to Ø 200 1.7 10 Over 30
years
The date of acquisition
of the assets is
31.12.1992
High
density
polyethylen
e PEHD
up to Ø 150 1.3 8 10-20
years
Total 17.1* 100
Service
connections
3/4” - 2”
Ø25 – Ø90 1595
* The report submitted by the WSSC shows there are 9.7 km Asbestos cement, 1.7
km Steel and 1.3 km HDPE mains. It is obvious that not all water mains belong to
assets of ViK Kardzhali though the company operates them.
A detailed map of the Existing water distribution network of Krumovgrad in scale
1:5000 is presented on Drawing 18.
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Booster pumping stations
On the territory of Krumovgrad there is one pumping station supplying water to the
pressure reservoir PR 1000 m3 from 2 shaft wells at the PS.
PS „Krumovgrad - 1” consists of 5 pumping units.
First unit is of type 70M32х4 with parameters Q=62 l/sec, H=110 m, the second unit is
of type 45M45х3 with parameters Q=31 l/sec, H=110 m , the third unit is of type
70M32х4 with parameters Q=62 l/sec, H=110 m ,the fourth unit is of type TWI 8.90-8
with parameters Q=21 l/sec, H=120 m and the fifth unit is of type TWI 8.90-8 with
parameters Q=21 l/sec, H=120 m.
The condition of the pumping station and the units in it is satisfactory.
Pressure reservoirs
The list of reservoirs of the main water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-86 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Krumovgrad
Name Total volume Vo
Notes: [m³]
PR 1000 m3 1,000 Satisfactory technical condition
PR 700 m3 700 Satisfactory technical condition
Total for Krumovgrad 1,700
3.4.3.3.1. Water metering
According to data obtained from „ViK” OOD – Kardzhali – 100 % of the registered
consumers have water meters. All households registered as consumers have water
meters. Apart from the individual water meters for consumers, all blocks of flats are
provided with main water meters. All public and industrial consumers (large and small)
are endowed with water meters.
Water meter reading is carried out on a monthly basis. There is an approved schedule
for verification and calibration or if necessary for replacement of water meters. This
schedule is chiefly performed for the main water meters and insufficiently for the small
(house) water meters. (According to the legislation, verification and calibration should
be conducted every 5 years.
Table 3-87 Customer metering in the town of Krumovgrad
№ Quantity [number] Percentage
Total number of service connections 1,595
Total number of customers 1,595 100 %
Number of customers with water meters 1,595 100 %
Number of customers with operational water
meters 1,595 100 %
Number of water meters installed 1,595
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3.4.3.3.2. Efficiency of the water supply system
Breakdowns in the water mains and water supply inse curity:
According to the data provided by the Operator, the total number of breakdowns in the
distribution network of Krumovgrad in 2011 was 55 breakdowns per year, 24 on the
street water mains and 31 on the service connections which means 2.4
breakdowns/km per year. The number of breakdowns in Krumovgrad is very high. It
should be considered that the number of failures mentioned above applies to the
visible leaks and breakdowns.
According to the data provided by the Operator, the breakdowns in the network of
Krumovgrad occur in different areas and on various pipe sections. No zones featuring
high failure rate were outlined. Again, according to the information of the Operator,
failures take place most frequently on asbestos cement pipes and steel pipes.
Despite the substantial number of failures, water delivery to consumers is sufficiently
well guaranteed. Water supply is disconnected in a given quarter or quarters only
during the performance of intervention works for the respective failure.
Water losses:
Non-revenue water assessment for the entire water supply system of Krumovgrad is
presented in Item 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water Assessment – Table
3-28 and Appendix 3-7 (Table 3).
Real losses in the distribution network are estimated to 36 % of the total water input of
the distribution network. We emphasize that no accurate measurements have been
conducted by the operator in order to determine the losses in the network.
Table 3-88 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Krumovgrad in 2011
Types of Real Losses
Quantity of
Losses
[m³/year]
Share of
Total [%] Comment
Real losses in the street water
distribution mains 35,559 25.0
92 % of the distribution network is
in bad condition
Real losses in the service
connections 78,229 55.0
Service connections are in very bad
condition (corroded steel pipes)
Real losses due to overflow of
pressure reservoirs 28,447 20.0 Reservoirs are in good condition
Real losses (total) 142,235 100%
With reference to Chapter 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water, it can be
seen that non-revenue water equals 40 %, and a major part of it is due to real losses
which are estimated to be about 36 % of the total system input. Real losses in the
street distribution network and service connections in Krumovgrad are estimated at
about 29 % of the water supplied to the network of Krumovgrad.
Deficiencies:
• Frequent breakdowns of pipes as a result of the outdated and amortised distribution network
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• 55 % of the real losses come from service connections
3.4.3.3.3. Summary of the main deficiencies
The following table contains a summary of the main deficiencies of the distribution
network of Krumovgrad.
Table 3-89 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Krumovgrad
№ Components Main deficiency
1
Water
Distribution
Network
82% of the existing water main network is made of asbestos cement and
steel pipes which causes high number of leaks and frequent breakdowns.
There are problems with providing normal pressure and flow in certain
sections of the network
There are areas where the network has to be completed considering the
future development of the town.
Water supply is unreliable due to interruptions of the supply during the
period of repairing the breakdowns.
The water main network of Momchilgrad does not comply with the
requirements of ORDINANCE NoIз-1971 of 29.10.2009ON THE
CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL RULES AND STANDRADS FOR
FIRE SAFETY in terms of the necessary number of fire hydrants for
shutting down zones up to 5 fire hydrants and the required number of the
fire hydrants. For settlements below 100,000 inhabitants the distance
between the fire hydrants must not exceed 150 m.
There are high zones in the town where the pressure in the network is
below the permissible minimum.
2 Service
Connections
The total number of service connections is 1,595 mainly built of
galvanized steel pipes which are highly corroded and are the main reason
for water losses in the town.
The service connections are in poor condition and are a source of
breakdowns and water losses
70 % of the service connections are made of galvanized steel pipes
Presence of unauthorised connections
3 Water metering
Inaccurate metering of water supplied to the network
A large number of old water meters (80% of the verified water meters are
inaccurate and measure smaller quantities)
4 Pressure
reservoirs
Reservoirs need better operation – fighting the external corrosion of the
pipes and fixtures, replacement of old SV, pipes, rails, stairs, etc.
Pre-investment Study and , Preliminary design have been prepared for the settlement
and the WSS infrastructure of Krumovgrad, which is part of Priority Axis 1
“Improvement and development of the drinking water and wastewater infrastructure in
agglomerations between 2,000 and 10,000 PE” of Operational Programme
Environment 2007-2013“
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Distribution network of the town of 3.4.3.4.
Ardino
Water main network
The town of Ardino is divided into high and low zone. The low zone (most of the town)
is supplied from PR V=1000m3 and PR V=500m3. The high zone is supplied from PR
V=400m3. Part of the street water main network of Ardino has been replaced with
polyethylene pipes during the recent 10 years. The internal distribution network in
Zdravets quarter has been replaced in 2010.
Information about the length, material and diameters of the distribution network is
presented in the table below. Most of the problems of the water main network come
from asbestos cement and steel pipes.
Table 3-90 Distribution network of Ardino
Material
Nominal
diameter
[mm]
Length [km]
Share of
total
length [%]
Age Observations
Asbestos cement up to Ø 150 20.4 79
The date of
acquisition of the
assets is
31.12.1992;
Steel up to Ø 300 2.9 11
High density
polyethylene PEHD up to Ø 160 1.5 6
10-20
years
Other up to Ø 150 1.1 4
Total 25.9 100
Service
connections
3/4” - 2“
Ø25 – Ø63 1,305
A detailed map of the Existing water distribution network of Ardino in scale 1:5000 is
presented on Drawing № 20
Booster pumping stations
The town of Ardino is supplied by one pumping station - PS „Ardino“ which supplies
PR V=1000m3, PR V=500m3 – low zone and PR V=400m3 – high zone. Near PS
„Ardino“ is located PS „Ardino – old“ which serves as backup.
PS „Ardino“ consists of 4 pumps - MVI 3212 PN25; Q=8.4l/s; H=170m; CR 45 5;
Q=12l/s; H=100m, MVI 5212C PN25; Q=12.6l/s; H=160m, CR 45 9; Q=12l/s;
H=160m. There is a suction reservoir with volume V=150m3 built at the PS.
Pressure reservoirs
The list of reservoirs of the main water supply system is presented in the table below.
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Table 3-91 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Ardino
Name Location Total volume Vo
[m³] Notes:
PR 400 m3 Ardino 400 Satisfactory technical condition
PR 1000 m3 Ardino 1,000 Satisfactory technical condition
PR 500 m3 Ardino 500 Satisfactory technical condition
Total for Ardino 1,900
3.4.3.4.1. Water metering
According to data obtained from „ViK” OOD – Kardzhali – 100 % of the registered
consumers have water meters. All households registered as consumers have water
meters. Apart from the individual water meters for consumers, all blocks of flats are
provided with main water meters. All public and industrial consumers (large and small)
are endowed with water meters.
Water meter reading is carried out on a monthly basis. There is an approved schedule
for verification and calibration or if necessary for replacement of water meters. This
schedule is chiefly performed for the main water meters and insufficiently for the small
(house) water meters. (According to the legislation, verification and calibration should
be conducted every 5 years.
Table 3-92 Customer metering in the town of Ardino
№ Quantity [number] Percentage
Total number of service connections 1,305
Total number of customers 1,305 100 %
Number of customers with water meters 1,305 100 %
Number of customers with operational water
meters 1,305 100 %
Number of water meters installed 1,305
3.4.3.4.2. Efficiency of the water supply system
Breakdowns in the water mains and water supply inse curity:
According to the data provided by the Operator, the total number of breakdowns in the
distribution network of Ardino in 2011 was 43 breakdowns per year - 38 on the street
water mains and 5 on the service connections which means 1.66 breakdowns/km per
year. The number of breakdowns in Ardino is very high. It should be considered that
the number of failures mentioned above applies to the visible leaks and breakdowns.
According to the data provided by the Operator, the breakdowns in the network of
Ardino occur in different areas and on various pipe sections. No zones featuring high
failure rate were outlined. Again, according to the information of the Operator, failures
take place most frequently on asbestos cement pipes and steel pipes.
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Despite the substantial number of failures, water delivery to consumers is sufficiently
well guaranteed. Water supply is disconnected in a given quarter or quarters only
during the performance of intervention works for the respective failure.
Water losses:
Non-revenue water assessment for the entire water supply system of Ardino is
presented in Item 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water Assessment – Table
3-28 and Appendix 3-7 (Table 5).
Real losses in the distribution network are estimated to 55 % of the total water input of
the distribution network. We emphasize that no accurate measurements have been
conducted by the Operator in order to determine the losses in the network.
Table 3-93 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Ardino in 2011
Types of Real Losses
Quantity
of Losses
[m³/year]
Share of
Total [%] Comment
Real losses in the street
water distribution mains 48,787 25.0
50 % of the distribution network is in
bad condition
Real losses in the service
connections 107,330 55.0
Service connections are in very bad
condition (corroded steel pipes)
Real losses due to overflow
of pressure reservoirs 39,029 20.0 Reservoirs are in good condition
Real losses (total) 195,146 100%
With reference to Chapter 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water, it can be
seen that non-revenue water equals 61 %, and a major part of it is due to real losses
which are estimated to be about 55 % of the total system input. Real losses in the
street distribution network and service connections in Ardino are estimated at about 44
% of the water supplied to the network of Ardino
Deficiencies:
• Frequent breakdowns of pipes as a result of the outdated and amortised distribution network
• 50 % of the real losses come from service connections
3.4.3.4.3. Summary of the main deficiencies
The following table contains a summary of the main deficiencies of the distribution
network of Ardino.
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Table 3-94 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Ardino
№ Components Main deficiency
1
Water
Distribution
Network
90 % of the existing water main network is made of asbestos cement and
steel pipes which causes high number of leaks and frequent breakdowns.
Main deficiency of the network is its remoteness, the many zones and
quarters supplied separately. This is due to the topography specifics and
the building pattern of the town.
Water supply is unreliable due to interruptions of the supply during the
period of repairing the breakdowns.
Part of the water main network of Ardino does not comply with the
requirements of ORDINANCE NoIз-1971 of 29.10.2009ON THE
CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL RULES AND STANDRADS FOR
FIRE SAFETY in terms of the necessary number of fire hydrants for
shutting down zones up to 5 fire hydrants and the required number of the
fire hydrants. For settlements below 100,000 inhabitants the distance
between the fire hydrants must not exceed 150 m.
2 Service
Connections
The total number of service connections is 1,305 mainly built of galvanized
steel pipes which are highly corroded and are the main reason for water
losses in the town.
The service connections are in poor condition and are a source of
breakdowns and water losses
90 % of the service connections are made of galvanized steel pipes
3
Water metering Inaccurate metering of water supplied to the network
A large number of old water meters (80% of the verified water meters are
inaccurate and measure smaller quantities)
4 Pressure
reservoirs
Reservoirs need better operation – fighting the external corrosion of the
pipes and fixtures, replacement of old SV, pipes, rails, stairs, etc.
There is a project prepared for the settlement: Integrated project for improvement and
expansion of the water supply and sewerage network of Ardino – pre-investment study
stage which is part of Priority Axis 1 “Improvement and development of the drinking
water and wastewater infrastructure in agglomerations between 2,000 and 10,000 PE”
of Operational Programme Environment 2007-2013”
Distribution network of the town of 3.4.3.5.
Dzhebel
Water main network
The town of Dzhebel is supplied with water from PS „Dzhebel” and PS „Ptichar”. On
the territory of the town are built three pressure reservoirs. PS „Dzhebel” supplies
water to PR 500 m3 and PR 140 m3, and PS „Ptichar” supplies PR 350 m3.
The water supply layout of the town includes low zone, high zone and a zone supplied
from a reservoir with V= 350m3. The low zone is supplied from PR 140 m3 and
supplies the central town area, Mladost 1 quarter and Progres quarter as the lowest
elevation to which water is supplied is 305. Pressure reservoir with volume 500 m3
supplies the high zone as this includes the supply of Izgrev quarter and the high parts
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of the central town area. The lowest elevation to which water is supplied in the zone is
335. PR 350 m3 supplies the quarters Mladost 2, Mladost 3, Mladost 4 and Bryagovo
as again the lowest elevation to which water is supplied is 305.
During the recent years the water main network in the central town area was replaced.
Part of the distribution network in Izgrev quarter was replaced, too.
The existing water main network of the town is built of asbestos cement pipes, steel
pipes and polyethylene pipes. The total length of the water mains is about 19,361 m.
According to information provided by ViK Kardzhali the water main network operated
by the company has length about 9.0 km. It is obvious that some 10 km of the network
has not been transferred for operation and represents off-balance sheet assets
(owned by the Municipality or another authority)
Information about the length, material and diameters of the distribution network is
presented in the table below. Most of the problems of the water main network come
from asbestos cement and steel pipes.
Table 3-95 Distribution network of Dzhebel
Material Nominal
diameter [mm]
Length
[km]
Share of
total
length [%]
Age Observations
Asbestos
cement
Ø80 up to
Ø125 10.7 55
30-50
years
Obsolete and highly
amortised which leads to
many breakdowns and
frequent repairs especially
in quarters where pressure
is close to the maximum.
PVC Ø80 0.3 1 < 10
years Good technical condition.
High density
polyethylene
PEHD
Ø40 up to
Ø200 8.4 43
< 10
years Good technical condition.
Total 19.4* 100
Service
connections
3/4” - 2”
Ø25 – Ø90 1,135
* The report submitted by the WSSC shows there are 8.5 km Asbestos cement, 0.3
km HDPE and 0.2 km other mains. It is obvious that not all water mains belong to
assets of ViK Kardzhali though the company operates them.
A detailed map of the Existing water distribution network of Dzhebel in scale 1:5000 is
presented on Drawing № 22.
Booster pumping stations
On the territory of Dzhebel there is one pumping station supplying water to the
pressure reservoirs PR 500 m3 and PR 140 m3 from the shaft well at the PS.
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PS „Dzhebel” consists of 2 pumps type CR 45 7 20 with parameters Q=14 l/sec,
H=110 m. There is a suction reservoir with volume 10 m3 built at the pumping station.
The condition of the pumping station is satisfactory.
There is a DN 100 water meter installed at the outlet of PS ”Dzhebel”.
Pressure reservoirs
The list of reservoirs of the main water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-96 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Dzhebel
Name Total volume Vo
Notes: [m³]
PR 500 m3 500 Satisfactory technical condition
PR 350 m3 350 Satisfactory technical condition
PR 140 m3 140 Satisfactory technical condition
Total for Dzhebel 990
3.4.3.5.1. Water metering
According to data obtained from „ViK” OOD – Kardzhali – 100 % of the registered
consumers have water meters. All households registered as consumers have water
meters. Apart from the individual water meters for consumers, all blocks of flats are
provided with main water meters. All public and industrial consumers (large and small)
are endowed with water meters.
Water meter reading is carried out on a monthly basis. There is an approved schedule
for verification and calibration or if necessary for replacement of water meters. This
schedule is chiefly performed for the main water meters and insufficiently for the small
(house) water meters. (According to the legislation, verification and calibration should
be conducted every 5 years.
Table 3-97 Customer metering in the town of Dzhebel
№ Quantity [number] Percentage
Total number of service connections 1,135
Total number of customers 1,135 100 %
Number of customers with water meters 1,135 100 %
Number of customers with operational water
meters 1,135 100 %
Number of water meters installed 1,135
3.4.3.5.2. Efficiency of the water supply system
Breakdowns in the water mains and water supply inse curity:
According to the data provided by the Operator, the total number of breakdowns in the
distribution network of Dzhebel in 2011 is 37 breakdowns per year - 35 on the street
water mains and 2 on the service connections which means 1.91 breakdowns/km per
year. The number of breakdowns in Dzhebel is very high. It should be considered that
the number of failures mentioned above applies to the visible leaks and breakdowns.
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According to the data provided by the Operator, the breakdowns in the network of
Dzhebel occur in different areas and on various pipe sections. No zones featuring high
failure rate were outlined. Again, according to the information of the Operator, failures
take place most frequently on asbestos cement pipes and steel pipes.
Despite the substantial number of failures, water delivery to consumers is sufficiently
well guaranteed. Water supply is disconnected in a given quarter or quarters only
during the performance of intervention works for the respective failure.
Water losses:
Non-revenue water assessment for the entire water supply system of Dzhebel is
presented in Item 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water Assessment – Table
3-26 and Appendix 3-7 (Table 6).
Real losses in the distribution network are estimated to 8 % of the total water input of
the distribution network. We emphasize that no accurate measurements have been
conducted by the Operator in order to determine the losses in the network.
Table 3-98 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Dzhebel in 2011
Types of Real Losses
Quantity
of
Losses
[m³/year]
Share of
Total [%] Comment
Real losses in the street
water distribution mains 3,024 25.0
56 % of the distribution network is in
bad condition
Real losses in the service
connections 6,653 55.0
Service connections are in very bad
condition (corroded steel pipes)
Real losses due to overflow
of pressure reservoirs 2,419 20.0 Reservoirs are in good condition
Real losses (total) 12,097 100%
With reference to Chapter 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water, it can be
seen that non-revenue water equals 9 %, and a major part of it is due to real losses
which are estimated to be about 9% of the total system input. Real losses in the street
distribution network and service connections in Dzhebel are estimated at about 6 % of
the water supplied to the network of Dzhebel
Deficiencies:
• Frequent breakdowns of pipes as a result of the outdated and amortised distribution network
• 50% of the real losses come from service connections
3.4.3.5.3. Summary of the main deficiencies
The following table contains a summary of the main deficiencies of the distribution
network of Dzhebel.
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Table 3-99 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Dzhebel
№ Components Main deficiency
1
Water
Distribution
Network
55 % of the existing water main network is made of asbestos cement and
steel pipes which causes high number of leaks and frequent breakdowns.
Main deficiency of the network is its remoteness, the many zones and
quarters supplied separately. This is due to the topography specifics and
the building pattern of the town.
The existing distribution network in the quarters Mladost 2, Mladost 3,
Mladost 4, Bryagovo, Progres and part of Izgrev is obsolete and highly
amortised and needs to be replaced.
Water supply is unreliable due to interruptions of the supply during the
period of repairing the breakdowns.
Part of the water main network of Dzhebel does not comply with the
requirements of ORDINANCE NoIз-1971 of 29.10.2009ON THE
CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL RULES AND STANDRADS FOR
FIRE SAFETY in terms of the necessary number of fire hydrants for
shutting down zones up to 5 fire hydrants and the required number of the
fire hydrants. For settlements below 100,000 inhabitants the distance
between the fire hydrants must not exceed 150 m.
2 Service
Connections
The total number of service connections is 1,135 mainly built of
galvanized steel pipes which are highly corroded and are the main reason
for water losses in the town.
The service connections are in poor condition and are a source of
breakdowns and water losses
55% of the service connections are made of galvanized steel pipes
3
Water metering Inaccurate metering of water supplied to the network
A large number of old water meters (80% of the verified water meters are
inaccurate and measure smaller quantities)
4 Pressure
reservoirs
Reservoirs need better operation – fighting the external corrosion of the
pipes and fixtures, replacement of old SV, pipes, rails, stairs, etc.
There is a project prepared for the agglomeration: Integrated project for improvement
and expansion of the water supply and sewerage network of Dzhebel, pre-investment
study stage which is part of Priority Axis 1 “Improvement and development of the
drinking water and wastewater infrastructure in agglomerations between 2,000 and
10,000 PE” of Operational Programme Environment 2007-2013“
Distribution network of the village of 3.4.3.6.
Benkovski
Water main network
The village of Benkovski is supplied from PS „Benkovski which supplies water in PR
V=140m3 at the village of Yagnevo and from there by gravity to PR V=160m3 at the
village of Veslets (northern zone of Benkovski).
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The total length of the existing water main network of Benkovski is about 7km. Most of
it was built in the 1970’s from asbestos cement pipes with Ø125, Ø100, Ø80 and Ø60
and steel pipes DN100. About 0.6km are built of new polyethylene water mains.
Information about the length, material and diameters of the distribution network is
presented in the table below. Most of the problems of the water main network come
from asbestos cement pipes.
Table 3-100 Distribution network in Benkovski
Material Nominal
diameter [mm] Length [km]
Share of
total length
[%]
Age Observations
Asbestos cement up to Ø 150 6.4 80 Over 30
years
The date of
acquisition of the
assets is 31.12.1992
High density
polyethylene
PEHD
up to Ø 150 0.6 8 10-20
years
Steel up to Ø 100 1 12
Total 8.0 100
Service
connections
3/4” - 2”
Ø25 – Ø63 820
A detailed map of the Existing water distribution network of Benkovski in scale 1:5000
is presented on Drawing № 24.
Booster pumping stations
The village of Benkovski is supplied from one pumping station - PS „Benkovski“ which
supplies water in PR V=140m3 at the village of Yagnevo and from there by gravity to
PR V=160m3 at the village of Veslets (northern zone of Benkovski).
PS „Benkovski“ consists of two pump groups as the pump group for Benkovski has
two pumps - MVI 1609-6 PN16; Q=4.5l/s; H=80m, MHI 804; Q=2.8l/s; H=30m;
Pressure reservoirs
The list of reservoirs of the main water supply system is presented in the table below.
Table 3-101 Service reservoirs in the distribution water supply system of Benkovski
Name Location
Total
volume Vo
[m³]
Notes:
PR 160 m3
village of Veslets
(northern zone of
Benkovski)
160 Satisfactory technical condition
Total for Benkovski 160
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3.4.3.6.1. Water metering
According to data obtained from „ViK” OOD – Kardzhali – 100 % of the registered
consumers have water meters. All households registered as consumers have water
meters. Apart from the individual water meters for consumers, all blocks of flats are
provided with main water meters. All public and industrial consumers (large and small)
are endowed with water meters.
Water meter reading is carried out on a monthly basis. There is an approved schedule
for verification and calibration or if necessary for replacement of water meters. This
schedule is chiefly performed for the main water meters and insufficiently for the small
(house) water meters. (According to the legislation, verification and calibration should
be conducted every 5 years.
Table 3-102 Customer metering in Benkovski
№ Quantity [number] Percentage
Total number of service connections 820
Total number of customers 820 100 %
Number of customers with water meters 820 100 %
Number of customers with operational water
meters
820 100 %
Number of water meters installed 820
3.4.3.6.2. Efficiency of the water supply system
Breakdowns in the water mains and water supply inse curity:
According to the data provided by the Operator, the total number of breakdowns in the
distribution network of the village of Benkovski in 2011 is 6 breakdowns per year - 5
on the street water mains and 1 on the service connections which means 1.33
breakdowns/km per year. The number of breakdowns in Benkovski is high. It should
be considered that the number of failures mentioned above applies to the visible leaks
and breakdowns.
According to the data provided by the Operator, the breakdowns in the network of
Benkovski occur in different areas and on various pipe sections. No zones featuring
high failure rate were outlined. Again, according to the information of the Operator,
failures take place most frequently on asbestos cement pipes and steel pipes.
Despite the substantial number of failures, water delivery to consumers is sufficiently
well guaranteed. Water supply is disconnected in a given quarter or quarters only
during the performance of intervention works for the respective failure.
Water losses:
Non-revenue water assessment for the entire water supply system of Benkovski is
presented in Item 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water Assessment – Table
3-28 and Appendix 3-7 (Table 7)..
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Real losses in the distribution network are estimated to 43 % of the total water input of
the distribution network. We emphasize that no accurate measurements have been
conducted by the Operator in order to determine the losses in the network.
Table 3-103 Estimation of real water losses in the distribution network of Benkovski in 2011.
Types of Real Losses
Quantity
of
Losses
[m³/year]
Share of
Total [%] Comment
Real losses in the street water
distribution mains 15,909 25.0
50 % of the distribution network is in
bad condition
Real losses in the service
connections 34,999 55.0
Service connections are in very bad
condition (corroded steel pipes)
Real losses due to overflow of
pressure reservoirs 12,727 20.0 Reservoirs are in good condition
Real losses (total) 63,634 100%
With reference to Chapter 3.3.2 Water Balance and Non-revenue Water, it can be
seen that non-revenue water equals 48 %, and a major part of it is due to real losses
which are estimated to be about 43% of the total system input. Real losses in the
street distribution network and service connections in are estimated at about 34 % of
the water supplied to the network of Benkovski
Deficiencies:
• Frequent breakdowns of pipes as a result of the outdated and amortised distribution network
• 50% of the real losses come from service connections
3.4.3.6.3. Summary of the main deficiencies
The following table contains a summary of the main deficiencies of the distribution
network of Benkovski.
Table 3-104 Summary of the main deficiencies in the distribution network of Benkovski
№ Components Main deficiency
1 Water Distribution
Network
92 % of the existing water main network is made of asbestos cement and steel pipes which causes high number of leaks and frequent breakdowns. Water supply is unreliable due to interruptions of the supply during the period of repairing the breakdowns. Most of the settlement water main network is not connected, which contradicts Ordinance No 2 for the design, construction and operation of water supply systems Part of the water main network of Benkovski does not comply with the requirements of ORDINANCE NoIз-1971 of 29.10.2009ON THE CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL RULES AND STANDRADS FOR FIRE SAFETY in terms of the necessary number of fire hydrants for shutting down zones up to 5 fire hydrants and the required number of the fire hydrants. For settlements below 100,000 inhabitants the distance between the fire hydrants must not exceed 150 m.
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№ Components Main deficiency
2 Service
Connections
The total number of service connections is 820 mainly built of galvanized steel pipes which are highly corroded and are the main reason for water losses in the town. The service connections are in poor condition and are a source of breakdowns and water losses 90% of the service connections are made of galvanized steel pipes
3 Water metering Inaccurate metering of water supplied to the network A large number of old water meters (80% of the verified water meters are inaccurate and measure smaller quantities)
4 Pressure reservoirs
Reservoirs need better operation – fighting the external corrosion of the pipes and fixtures, replacement of old SV, pipes, rails, stairs, etc.
There is a project prepared for the settlement: “Completion of the sewerage network,
reconstruction of the water distribution network along the routes of the new sewerage
system and a WWTP of the village of Benkovski, Municipality of Kirkovo”– pre-
investment study stage which is part of Priority Axis 1 “Improvement and development
of the drinking water and wastewater infrastructure in agglomerations between 2,000
and 10,000 PE” of Operational Programme Environment 2007-2013.”
3.5. WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE
The sections below present the wastewater infrastructure of the following 6
agglomerations: Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel. Benkovski.
Table 3-105 Examined agglomerations with their respective population equivalent
Agglomeration
Population equivalent as
of 31.12.2010 pursuant to
the MOeW Report under
art.17 of Directive
91/271/EC
Population equivalent as
of 2011 pursuant to the
Consultant’s methodology
Kardzhali 43,361 48,377
Momchilgrad 7,647 8,574
Krumovgrad 5,050 5,526
Ardino 3,440 3,698
Dzhebel 3,098 3,300
Benkovski 2,069 2,152
WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE OF KARDZHALI 3.5.1.
AGGLOMERATION
The existing sewerage system of Kardzhali agglomeration is presented on Drawing №
27.
The sewerage system of Kardzhali consists of the elements described below:
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General features 3.5.1.1.
Table 3-106 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Kardzhali
Component Description After implementation of
on-going project
Sewerage network Combined system –
length – 87.04 km
17.707 km new and
5.529 km reconstructed
sewerage network
TOTAL 104.747km
Pumping stations None None
Wastewater treatment
plant
There is an envisaged
site
There is an approved
project and granted
funding
Connected settlements 1 settlement 7 settlements
Total population in the
agglomeration
43,880 /population
2011 Census, NSI/
42,957 /population in
2016 – demographic
projection, completed
on-going project/
Total population connected
to the sewerage network 42,564
42,957 /population in
2016 – demographic
projection, completed
on-going project/
% of population connected
to the sewerage network 97% 100%
Wastewater collection system 3.5.1.2.
The table below presents a summary of the current parameters of the sewerage
network.
Table 3-107 Parameters of the sewerage network of Kardzhali
№ Parameter Unit
1 Total length of the sewerage network (including main
collectors) 87.040 km
1.2 Length of main sewer collectors 27.809 km
1.3 Length of secondary sewer collectors 59.231 km
2 Type of the sewerage network 100% combined system
3 Length of recently rehabilitated sewerage network (past 5
years) No data
4 Share of rehabilitated sewerage network (connected to
existing network) No data
5 Population per length of the sewerage network 504 inhabitants/km
6 Overflows number 18
7 Number of sewerage service connections No separate data for the
settlement.
According to information provided by the WSS operator the total number of
wastewater service connections served by ViK OOD Kardzhali in the entire service
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area in Kardzhali District is 5,946. A total of 536 breakdowns have been registered on
the service connections in 2012. In the town of Kardzhali have been registered 62
sewerage network breakdowns and 504 service connection breakdowns in 2012.
The deficiencies of the existing sewerage network are as follows:
- In the opinion of the operating company and as a result of the on-site inspections
the physical condition of the pipes in the sewerage network built almost entirely
with concrete profiles is overall satisfactory in terms of cracks formed by static
loads but the sand-concrete mortar between the concrete pipes does not provide
the necessary impermeability due to cracks. The useful life has expired and the
pipes must be gradually replaced.
- There is infiltration of water in the sewerage network which leads to over-diluted
wastewater.
- Part of the wastewater quantity is disposed at the site of the WWTP and the rest is
discharged in the gullies and in the Arda River.
For completing the sewerage network of Kardzhali is necessary to be completed the
sewerage network and to be reconstructed the compromised sections of the existing
network. The construction of a WWTP is pressing. These issues are addressed in the
project “Integrated water project for Kardzhali: Construction of a WWTP and a trunk
collector, expansion and reconstruction of the water supply and sewerage network”
which has received grant funding and the CIW under which will be completed by the
end of 2014. The length of the network envisaged to be rehabilitated and built
amounts to 23.236 km.
Wastewater pumping stations 3.5.1.3.
The topography of the town and the location of the main collectors allow the domestic
wastewater and stormwater to be disposed of by gravity. There are no wastewater
pumping stations built.
Wastewater treatment facilities 3.5.1.4.
There are Pre-feasibility Studies (PFS) and Preliminary Design (PD) for the
wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of Kardzhali agglomeration prepared and
approved in October 2012, including the main process schemes and parameters of
the future wastewater treatment plant (WWTP).
Wastewater treatment plant for Kardzhali agglomerat ion
According to the pre-investment studies and the preliminary design of 2012, the
wastewater treatment plant is designed for an operation period of about 30 years – till
the end of 2041 and with a capacity of 58,525 population equivalent (PE), including
those from the neighbouring villages: Rezbartsi, Prileptsi, Ayrovo, Opalchensko, Si[ey
and Petlino. The wastewater treatment plant of Kardzhali agglomeration is designed
for an average 24-hour quantity of wastewater of Qav.day = 9,141m3/d, including
1,332 m3/d of industrial wastewater and 1,850 m3/d of infiltrated water.
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The receiving water body of the treated wastewater is Studen Kladenets dam on the
Arda River. The dam is of II-nd category pursuant to Appendix No 3 of Ordinance No
РД-272/03.05.2001 of the Minister of Environment and Water and belongs to the list of
Sensitive zones pursuant to Ordinance No РД-970/28.07.2003 of the Minister of
Environment and Water. Therefore the concentrations of the biogenic elements
nitrogen and phosphorus in the treated wastewater must comply with the requirements
of Ordinance 6, Appendix 3, Table 2. This has been taken into account in preparing
the Pre-investment studies and the Preliminary Design for WWTP and removal of the
biogenic elements nitrogen and phosphorus has been envisaged.
The terrain envisaged for the WWTP is situated in the eastern part of Kardzhali on the
left bank of the Arda. It is situated south of the boundaries of the production site of the
Lead and Zinc Production Plant. Plot 40909.14.71 - № 000103 has an area of 126.035
decares and is owned by Kardzhali Municipality. The plot designated for WWTP site is
located near Studen Kladenets dam with 223.0 - 228.0 m difference in levels,
according to the Baltic elevation system. The highest water surface elevations of the
dam reach an altitude of 227.40 meters, which means that about 90% of the plot,
designated for the WWTP is floodable. This underlies the proposal made in the pre-
feasibility studies and preliminary design for filling over the WWTP site to an elevation
of 227.20 - 229.00m with fortified slopes. The WWTP process scheme adopted in the
preliminary design includes technological stage for mechanical treatment and
biological treatment in aeration tanks with low pre-denitrification, nitrification and
combined biological and chemical phosphorus removal. Kardzhali WWTP process
scheme for water is described in the text below.
Table 3–108 contains the specific wastewater quantities as of 2041 used to size the
treatment plant as according to the preliminary design.
Table 3-108 Specific wastewater quantities – Kardzhali WWTP
Wastewater quantity type As of 2041
m3/d m3/h l/s
Average 24-hour domestic and
industrial wastewater with
infiltration - Qav.d+ Qinf
8,771 365.5 101.5
Infiltrated water - Qinf 1,480 61.7 17.1
Maximum hourly quantity –
Qmax.h.dom.+ Qmax.h.ind. +
Qinf
- 809.4 224.8
During rain – 2(Qmax,h+
Qmax,h,indus) - 1,495 415.3
In table 3-109are presented the loads and concentrations of the main pollutants in the
wastewater at the inlet of the treatment plant as of 2041 pursuant to the preliminary
design.
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Table 3-109 Loads and concentrations of the main pollutants in the wastewater at the inlet of the
treatment plant
Quality parameters Rates Loads Concentrations
g/cap.d kg/d mg/l
BOD5 60 3,512 378
Suspended solids 70 4,097 441
COD 120 7,024 756
Total nitrogen 11 644 69
Total phosphorus 1.8 105 11
According to the adopted technological designs in the preliminary design of the
treatment plant are envisaged the following technological installations and facilities:
1. Technological installation for mechanical treatm ent
• Coarse screen.
• Pumping station. Raw wastewater from main collectors 1 and 2 will enter by
gravity the treatment plant at an elevation of 221.28. After the coarse screen
wastewater will be will be pumped (by three operating and one standby
pumps) to the treatment facilities and the overflowing stormwater quantity will
be pumped by another pump group (by four operating and one standby
pumps) into the bypass channel of the plant and discharged directly into
Studen Kladenets dam.
• Fine screen. It is envisaged to provide three parallel step fine screens (one
standby) with clear openings of 5 mm, located in a combined building right
before the grit chamber. The same building will also be occupied by the
facilities for compacting and backwashing the particles retained on the fine
screens as well as the sand classifier, the floating matter rotating screen and
the blowers to the grit chamber. The matters separated from the screens and
the rotating screen (rotostrainer) will be backwashed, compacted and
transported in containers to the domestic solid waste landfill (DSW).
• Grit chamber . There will be a two-corridor aerated grit chamber with a zone
for separating floating matter. The grit chamber will have two parts with a total
cross-section of 9.2 m2, length of 22 m. Sand will be removed by a centrifugal
pump and carried to the classifier in order to be dewatered. Floating matter
will be collected in a chamber and carried by a pump for dewatering in the
rotating screen (rotostrainer) with clear openings of 1 mm. Separated sand
slurry will be transported by sand pumps to the classifier in order to be
backwashed and dewatered, then it will be removed in a container for
eventual utilization.
• Primary sedimentation tank . Two radial primary sedimentation tanks with a
diameter of 15m and an average depth of 2m are envisaged.
2. Technological installation for biological treatm ent
• Aeration tank with selector , biological and chemical phosphorus removal.
The selector before the tank will have a total volume of 292 m3. The
anaerobic bioreactor (for partial biological phosphorus removal) consist of two
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sections with corridor width of 6 m, length of 15 m and depth of 6 m and
total volume of 1,080 m3. The anoxic zone (denitrification zone) is designed
with two parallel operating sections with a width of 12.5 m, length 15 m, depth
6 m and total capacity of 2,243 m3. Nitrification (aerobic) zones are also two -
with corridor width of 15 m, length of 37 m, depth of 6 m and total capacity of
6,728 m3. There is a possibility for chemical settling of phosphorus using iron
trichloride, injected directly into the selector together with the recirculating
activated sludge as well as the respective reagent facility.
• Secondary sedimentation tank . There will be three radial sedimentation
tanks with a diameter of 25 m, average depth of 3.25 m and total capacity of
4,754 m3. Sludge is transported by radial scrapers along the bottom of the
facilities to the sludge chambers, from where it is removed by gravity and sent
to the pumping station for recirculated activated sludge, located next to the
selector. From there surplus activated sludge is repumped to the building of
the drum thickeners.
3. Technological installation for wastewater disinf ection
UV radiation installation . There will be high-pressure mercury lamps for ultraviolet
radiation, installed in an open channel. 4. Technological installation for sludge
treatment
• Mechanical thickener. Two rotating thickeners for partial dewatering of the
excess activated sludge up to 94 % humidity have been envisaged.
• Anaerobic digester. There will be one facility with a capacity of 2,200 m3,
operating in mesophile temperature mode (around 35° С). The primary and
thickened surplus activated sludge will be stabilised in the digester.
• Gas holder. The emitted gas will be stored in a gasholder with a capacity of
300 m3 from where it will be sent to the cogeneration installation for electricity
and heat generation having a total power capacity of 323 kWh.
• Silo . The stabilised sludge will be stored in a silo with a total capacity of 110
m3, which will serve also as a suction tank for the mechanical dewatering
system.
Belt filter press. There will be two belt filter presses for sludge dewatering up to a
humidity of about 78%. Each of the filter presses has a capacity of 10 m3/h of
dewatered sludge and will operate 6 hours a day. There will also be the respective
units for flocculent preparation and dosing and a belt conveyor for removing the
dewatered sludge to the site intended for its temporary storage. Table 3-110 presents
information about the expected concentrations of main pollutants in the treated
wastewater.
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Table 3-110 Expected concentrations of main pollutants in the treated wastewater
Quality parameters Unit Concentrations
BOD5 mg/l 25
COD mg/l 125
Suspended solids mg/l 35
Total nitrogen mg/l 15
Total phosphorus mg/l 2
The above parameters are compliant with the regulatory requirements for water
emissions discharged in water bodies of second category, sensitive zone.
Sludge treatment
The technological design of the adopted option I includes mechanical and biological
treatment in aeration tanks with nitrification, denitrification and chemical removal of
phosphorus.
The wastewater treatment processes generate sludge which must be treated
separately for its final disposal or utilization. The suggested technological design of
the wastewater treatment plant of Kardzhali agglomeration along with the wastewater
treatment facilities also includes sludge treatment installations.
The following technological installations and facilities have been envisaged for
wastewater treatment:
1. Mechanical treatment stage
2. Biological treatment stage
3. Wastewater disinfection stage
During the wastewater treatment processes waste and sludge will be generated and
collected in the following installations:
• Coarse and fine screens- screenings will be compacted and separated in
containers for removal from the treatment plant
• Grit chambers - retained grit will be washed, dewatered and separated in
containers for removal from the treatment plant. Separated oils and fats will
pass through rotating screen, from where it is envisaged to be sent for
utilisation .
• Primary sedimentation tanks - retained primary sludge, which is not
sufficiently well compacted due to the short residence time (32 min) will be
sent to mechanical thickeners and then for biological stabilization.
• Secondary sedimentation tanks - surplus activated sludge (mainly containing
biodegradable organic substances and a certain amount of phosphates (from
the chemical phosphorus removal) will be thickened in mechanical thickeners
and then sent for biological stabilisation.
For the biological stabilization and subsequent dewatering of the mixed primary and
compacted excess activated sludge have been envisaged the following facilities:
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• Anaerobic digester – operates in mesophile temperature mode (around 35°
С), without removing sludge water, with volume of 2800 m3
• Belt filtering presses – for dewatering the sludge up to a humidity of about
78 %
• Sludge silo – reservoir for gravitational thickening and storage of stabilized
sludge before sending it for mechanical dewatering in belt filtering presses.
For the storage and utilization of the biogas generated in the anaerobic digester have
been envisaged the following facilities:
• Gasholder – membrane dry reservoir for storage and regulation of biogas
consumption with volume of 300 m3
• Cogeneration installation – for generation of electricity and heat energy from
biogas
• Boiler – provides hot water for heat transmission to the external speed
heaters of the anaerobic digester
• Steam boiler installation – powered by external fuel and designed to start
the operation of the anaerobic digester
Table 3-111 presents the quantity of waste and sludge expected to be generated in
the wastewater treatment plant of Kardzhali according to data from the PS for WWTP-
Kardzhali and the expert assessment of the parameters missing in this study.
Table 3-111 Quantity of waste and sludge expected to be generated in the wastewater treatment plant
of Kardzhali
Type of waste and sludge
WWTP – Kardzhali
Weight
kg/d
Humidity
%
Quantity
m3/d
Screenings 260 75 1.04
Sludge from grit chambers 480 60 0.8
Primary sludge from primary
sedimentation tanks 1,753 97 58.4
Excess activated and
phosphate sludge after
secondary sedimentation
tanks
3,223 99.2 403
Stabilized and dewatered in
belt filtering presses mixed
primary and secondary sludge
3,400 78
21.25
(with humidity
of 84%)
According to information presented in the PS about the wastewater of Kardzhali on the
territory of the town operate a total of 21 industrial companies situated in 4 industrial
zones. They belong to the food processing, textile, machine building and furniture
industries and transport and generate a total average 24-hour wastewater quantity of
105.73 m3/d.
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In compliance with the provisions of Ordinance 7 for the discharge of industrial
wastewater in urban sewerage networks and active control on water emissions from
industrial plants (according to the contract of each industrial company with the
Operator of the urban WWTP) the sludge from the treatment plant is not expected to
contain heavy metals above the permissible concentrations. This is a precondition for
its possible utilisation through fertilization of agricultural and forest areas.
Arable lands within Kardzhali Municipality may be a serious resource for utilization of
the future WWTP sludge as a fertilizer of agricultural land. For that purpose, after the
plant commissioning , its Operator should conclude the relevant contracts with the
owners or users of agricultural lands, suitable to be fertilized with sludge.
Such a possibility exists with respect to the use of sewage sludge for fertilization of
forest lands, for which the Operator of WWTP must carry out the relevant
administrative procedures.
A possible option for utilization of sludge from urban wastewater treatment plants is its
application for restoration of disturbed terrains. There are currently no data about the
existence of such terrains on the territory of Kardzhali Municipality.
Another alternative common for the current practice in our country is sludge disposal
to a domestic solid waste landfill (DSW). There is a possibility that Kardzhali
Municipality disposes WWTP sludge to the designated site of the regional domestic
solid waste landfill (DSW). However, this is neither recommended and nor funded by
the EU institutions.
The present Regional Master plan recommends the sludge from the future wastewater
treatment plant of Kardzhali agglomeration to be disposed of at the regional SHW
landfill until it becomes clear whether the agriculture and forestry are ready to accept
the sludge for utilization and after implementing the respective administrative
procedures.
Efficiency of the wastewater system 3.5.1.5.
The overall efficiency of the system is summarized as follows:
Operation and maintenance of the sewerage network:
• The operator carries out seasonal (spring and autumn) preventive
maintenance including cleaning and other activities and for problematic
sections and emergency situations the Operator employs specialized machine
cleaning services.
• No preventive maintenance and inspection is conducted through CCTV
observation of wastewater network.
Operation and maintenance of WWTP :
WWTP-Kardzhali is not built yet. A detailed operating instruction guide is being drafted
for the facility which envisages the mode of operation and management of the main
and auxiliary installations of the plant. The documentation of the operating equipment
contains maintenance instructions for types of planned repairs and the useful life of
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the parts breaking most often which should be replaced. Above all the Energy
Engineer of the plant must be familiar in detail with the technology and specifics of the
equipment and the spare parts must be envisaged and delivered on time. The heart of
the plant lies at the command dispatch station where the SCADA system shall be
installed and the regular maintenance of this system will guarantee the safe and
smooth operation of the plant.
Summary of the main deficiencies 3.5.1.6.
The next table presents a summary of the main deficiencies in Kardzhali
agglomeration. The notes are prepared based on the EU Directive for solid waste and
sludge.
Table 3-112 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Kardzhali
№ Components Main deficiencies
1 Sewerage network
Incomplete network
Untreated wastewater discharged in the Arda River
Sections with expired service life
Sections with insufficient diameter, small or reverse gradient, collapsed
and infiltrated
Sections with low conductivity due to deposits
2 Wastewater
treatment plant
No wastewater treatment plant built
No studies for sludge utilization have been performed
WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE OF MOMCHILGRAD 3.5.2.
AGGLOMERATION
The existing sewerage system of Momchilgrad agglomeration is presented on №
Drawing 29.
The sewerage system of Momchilgrad consists of the elements described below:
General features 3.5.2.1.
Table 3-113 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Momchilgrad
Component Description After implementation of
on-going project
Sewerage network Combined system –
length – 18.737 km
6.32 km new and 8.47
km reconstructed
sewerage network
Total 14.79 km
Pumping stations None None
Wastewater treatment
plant
There are approved
and adopted projects
for all sections and
granted funding
No wastewater
treatment plant built
Connected settlements 1 settlement 1 settlement
Total population in the 7,831 /Population 2011 7,769 /population in
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Component Description After implementation of
on-going project
agglomeration Census, NSI/ 2016 – demographic
projection, completed
on-going project/
Total population connected
to the sewerage network 7,439 7,769
% of population connected
to the sewerage network 95% 100%
Wastewater collection system 3.5.2.2.
The table below presents a summary of the current parameters of the sewerage
network.
Table 3-114 Parameters of the sewerage network of Momchilgrad
№ Parameter Unit
1 Total length of the sewerage network (including main
collectors) 18.737 km
1.2 Length of main sewer collectors 5.576 km
1.3 Length of secondary sewer collectors 13.161 km
2 Type of the sewerage network 100% combined
system
3 Length of recently rehabilitated sewerage network (past 5
years) No data
4 Share of rehabilitated sewerage network (connected to
existing network) No data
5 Population per length of the sewerage network 418 inh./km
6 Overflows number None
7 Number of sewerage service connections No separate data
for the settlement.
According to information provided by the WSS operator in the town of Momchilgrad
have been registered 9 breakdowns on the sewerage network and 19 breakdowns on
the wastewater service connections in 2012.
The deficiencies of the existing sewerage network are as follows:
- The sewerage network pipes have small diameters Ø200 – Ø300. This causes
overflows of sewerage branches during rains and even floods;
- Some sections are clogged and have low hydraulic conductivity. There are
sections with reverse gradients and broken pipes. The sand-cement mortar
between the concrete pipes does not provide the necessary insulation because it
has cracks.
- There is infiltration of water in the sewerage network which causes over-dilution of
the wastewater.
- Wastewater is discharged directly in gullies and in the Varbitsa River.
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For completing the sewerage network of Momchilgrad is necessary to be completed
the sewerage network and to be reconstructed the compromised sections of the
existing network. The construction of a WWTP is pressing. These issues are
addressed in the project: “Reconstruction, modernization and completion of the WSS
network and construction of a UWWTP in the town of Momchilgrad“, which has
received grant funding and the CIW under which will be completed by the end of 2014.
The length of the network envisaged to be rehabilitated and built amounts to 14.79
km.
Wastewater pumping stations 3.5.2.3.
The topography of the town and the location of the main collectors allow the domestic
wastewater and stormwater to be disposed of by gravity. There are no wastewater
pumping stations built.
Wastewater treatment facilities 3.5.2.4.
Momchilgrad Municipality includes 49 settlements of which only one, the municipal
centre the town of Momchilgrad has population over 2,000 PE. There is a ready
project for the WSS infrastructure of the town of Momchilgrad (draft design) which has
been submitted to the investor in May 2011.
In the draft design have been developed two main alternatives for treatment of the
wastewater of Momchilgrad and the one proposed to be designed and implemented in
the next stage is the first option as more efficient.
Wastewater treatment plant of Momchilgrad agglomera tion
Pursuant to the first proposed option the wastewater treatment plant of Momchilgrad
has been designed for an operating period of about 30 years with capacity for 11,268
population equivalent (PE) in 2011 and 10,221 PE in 2041. A water demand rate of
145 l/inh./day has been adopted at present and for the end of the projected period -
2041. The drainage rate has been set to 130 l/inh./day pursuant to the active
“Standards and rules for design of sewerage systems” from 1990.
The receiving body of the treated wastewater will be the Varbitsa River. In the region
after the wastewater outfall the Varbitsa River is of second category pursuant to
Appendix No 3 to Decree No РД-272/03.05.2001 of the Minister of Environment and
Water and is included in the list of sensitive zones pursuant to Decree No РД-
970/28.07.2003 of the Minister of Environment and Water.
The Draft design envisages WWTP-Momchilgrad to be situated on a site envisaged
for this purpose according to project for DRP-CP part of LP No 015042 according to
the MRP of the territory of Momchilgrad. The site is municipal property and has total
area of 11,335 m2 (including 6,139 m2 with mixed purpose of the agricultural land with
Decision No КЗЗ-1 of 24.02.2009 of the MAF and 5,196 m2 for extension of the site).
Table 3-115 presents the specific wastewater quantities according to the adopted first
option of the draft design.
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Table 3-115 Specific wastewater quantities in Momchilgrad WWTP
Type of wastewater quantity As of 2011 As of 2041
m3/d m3/h l/s m3/d m3/h l/s
Average 24-hour of population,
industry and public institutions and
domestic animal farms – Qav.d
1,446.08 60.25 16.74 1,328.34 55.35 15.4
Maximum hourly – Qmax.h - 113.22 31.45 - 113.22 31.45
During rain ≈ 2Qmax.h - 212.94 59.15 - 191.34 53.15
In table 3-116 are presented the loads and concentrations of the main pollutants in the
wastewater at the inlet of the treatment plant as of 2011.
Table 3-116 Loads and concentrations of the main pollutants in the wastewater at the inlet of the
treatment plant
Quality parameters Rates Loads Concentrations at Qav.day as of 2011
g/РЕ.d kg/d mg/l
BOD5 60 676 468
Suspended solids 70 789 546
COD 120 1,352 936
Total nitrogen 11 124 85,8
Total phosphorus 1.8 20.3 14.0
The technological design of WWTP-Momchilgrad adopted according to the first option
includes technological installations for mechanical treatment and biological treatment
in SBR-type aeration tanks with nitrification, denitrification and chemical settling of
phosphorus.
The following technological installations and facilities have been envisaged and
designed for WWTP-Momchilgrad according to the first option of the pre-investment
studies:
1. Technological installation for mechanical treatm ent
• Coarse screen . The inlet wastewater in the WWTP is envisaged to flow
through a coarse screen with bar distance of 30 mm for retaining the bigger
impurities and then goes to the suction reservoir of the wastewater pumping
station equipped with submersible centrifugal pumps.
• Pumping station. The untreated wastewater enters by gravity the treatment
plant. After the coarse screens the designed water quantity will be pumped
(by tow operating and one backup pumps) to the treatment facilities to an
elevation above the terrain in order to avoid higher groundwater and flooding
of the site by river water.
• Fine screen. The fine screen will be of “screw” type with bar openings of 3
mm. The separated hard substances will be compacted in a backwash screw
press and stored in a tank and then disposed to a solid household waste
landfill (SHWL).
• Grit chamber combined with oil separator. One aerated facility for
separation of sand with grain size over 0.2 mm and separation of fats and
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other floating impurities is envisaged. The oil and fat separated on the surface
will be concentrated and disposed of in a tank. The sand separated in the grit
chamber will be backwashed and dewatered in a separated classifier and then
disposed from the treatment plant in a tank.
2. Technological installation for biological treatm ent • Sequence batch reactor – SBR . Three facilities have been envisaged in
which will be performed consecutively the processes of nitrification, denitrification, sedimentation and removal of the decanted wastewater and the excess activated sludge as well as chemical removal of the phosphorus.
The chemical settling of the phosphorus will be performed by adding iron trichloride in
the SBRs. The respective reagent installation has been envisaged as well. The total
volume of the 3 SBRs is 3,057 m3. A levelling reservoir with volume of 1,050 m3 has
been envisaged as well.
3. Technological installation for wastewater disinf ection
• Disinfection installation . The disinfection is envisaged to be done with
sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach). The bleach will be stored in plastic
cans (0.5 m3) as a technical product with concentration of 9-10%. The dosing
will be done with a dosing pump. The disinfection installation will operate only
in epidemic situations announced by the RIEW.
• Contact reservoir . The required contact time of the chlorine with the treated
wastewater is 30 minutes. The contact will be established in a reinforced
concrete contact reservoir with volume of 32 m3.
4. Technological installation for sludge treatment
• Gravitational thickener combined with aerobic stabi liser. Two
consecutively operating facilities have been envisaged.
• Sludge dewatering centrifuge . One centrifuge with capacity of 5 m3/h of
supplied sludge quantity has been envisaged with the relevant units for
preparation and dosing of the flocculant and a belt transported for sludge
disposal
Table 3-117 presents information for the expected concentrations of the main
pollutants in the treated wastewater.
Table 3-117 Expected concentrations of the main pollutants in the treated wastewater
Quality parameters Unit Concentrations
BOD5 mg/l 25
COD mg/l 125
Suspended solids mg/l 35
Total nitrogen mg/l 15
Total phosphorus mg/l 2
The above parameters are compliant with the regulatory requirements for water
emissions discharged in water bodies of second category, sensitive zone.
5. WWTP - Momchilgrad - Sludge treatment
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For the treatment plant of Momchilgrad there is a draft design (DD) which has been
submitted to the investor in May 2011. For the reference year 2011 its capacity has
been designed for 11,268 PE at Qav.day = 1446 m3/d. The technological design
according to the first option includes mechanical and biological treatment in a
sequence batch reactor (SBR) with consecutive cycles of nitrification, denitrification,
sedimentation and removal of the decanted wastewater and the excess activated
sludge as well as chemical removal of the phosphorus.
The wastewater treatment processes generate sludge which must be treated
separately for its final disposal or utilization. Option 1 of the technological design of the
wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) – Momchilgrad along with the wastewater
treatment facilities also includes sludge treatment installations.
The following technological installations and facilities have been envisaged for
wastewater treatment:
1. Mechanical treatment stage
• Coarse screen – separating the biggest impurities in the wastewater with size
exceeding 30 mm;
• Fine screen – separating less dispersed impurities with size exceeding 3 mm
• Grit chamber – separating heavy mineral impurities (sand) and oils.
2. Biological treatment stage
• Sequence batch reactors (SBR) for separating colloid and dissolved organic
substances contain carbon and nitrogen compounds as well as chemically
removed phosphates. The excess activated sludge is removed after the
sedimentation cycle.
3. Wastewater disinfection stage
• Sodium hypochloride disinfection installation
• Contact reservoir
During the wastewater treatment processes under option waste and sludge will be
generated and collected in the following installations:
• Coarse and fine screens – the separated waste will be disposed of in tanks
for disposal from the treatment plant
• Grit chamber – The sand separated in the grit chamber will be backwashed
and dewatered in a separated classifier and then disposed from the treatment
plant in a tank. The separated oils and fats will be disposed of in a tank.
• Sequence batch reactors (SBR) – the excess activated sludge (containing
mainly biodegradable organic substances and a certain amount of phosphates
from the chemical removal of phosphorus) will undergo subsequent treatment
for compacting (significant reduction of their volume by separation of the main
quantity of sludge water), aerobic stabilisation (further decomposition of the
biodegradable organic substances in the biomass) and mechanical
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dewatering (further removal of the remaining free water for reduction of the
volume and more economical disposal from the treatment plant).
For the treatment of the excess activated sludge separated from the SBRs in the
technological design of the wastewater treatment plant of Momchilgrad under option 1
have been envisaged the following facilities:
• Aerobic stabilizer combined with a compacter silo – for aerobic
stabilization and gravitational compacting of the sludge up to a humidity of
about 98 %;
• Centrifuge – for dewatering of the sludge up to a humidity of about 75 %
Table 3-118 presents the quantity of waste and sludge expected to be generated in
the future wastewater treatment plant according to data from the draft design and the
expert assessment of the parameters missing in this study.
Table 3-118 Quantity of waste and sludge expected to be generated in the future wastewater
treatment plant
Type of waste and sludge
WWTP – Momchilgrad, 2011
Weight
kg/d
Humidity
%
Quantity
m3/d
Screenings 155 75 0.62
Sludge from grit chamber 324 60 0.45
Excess activated and
phosphate sludge after
the SBRs
530 99 53
Sludge dewatered in a
centrifuge 503 75
3.14
(at humidity
of 84%)
After the SBRs the excess activated sludge will enter a combined facility – aerobic
stabilizer and compacter silo for compacting up to a humidity of about 97-98 %.
After the stabilized sludge is dewatered in a centrifuge its moisture will be reduced up
to about 75 % (below humidity of 84 % the volume remains almost the same), and its
texture (similar to moist earth) will allow it to be loaded and transported outside of the
treatment plant with minimum costs.
According to data included in the preliminary design the production companies
discharging wastewater in the sewerage network of Momchilgrad are mainly in the
service sector due to which the sludge to be generated at the future treatment plant is
not expected to contain heavy metals and other toxic substances. This makes it
suitable for utilization in the forestry and agriculture.
The arable land on the territory of Momchilgrad Municipality (a total of 13,800 dca)
takes up a relatively small share of its total area but nevertheless a possibility exists
for the utilization of the sludge from the future treatment plant for fertilization of
agricultural areas. In this respect much more promising are the forest territories. They
take up a significant share of the territory belonging to the town and the municipality.
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Another alternative which has typically been practiced in our country for a long time is
the disposal of the sludge on solid household waste landfills. A possibility exists the
sludge from the future treatment plant to be disposed at an envisaged disposal site at
the newly designed regional SHW landfill near Kardzhali which will be at about10 km
from Momchilgrad.
Another alternative for utilization of sludge from urban wastewater treatment plants is
to be used for recultivation of damaged terrains for which there is no information on
the territory of Momchilgrad Municipality.
It is recommended in the present regional master plan the sludge from the future
treatment plant of Momchilgrad at first to be disposed of at the local SHW landfill in the
town area until it becomes clear whether the agriculture and forestry are ready to
accept the sludge for utilization and after the relevant administrative procedures are
carried out.
Efficiency of the sewerage system 3.5.2.5.
The overall efficiency of the system is summarized as follows:
Operation and maintenance of the sewerage network:
• The operator carries out seasonal (spring and autumn) preventive
maintenance including cleaning and other activities and for problematic
sections and emergency situations the Operator employs specialized machine
cleaning services.
• No preventive maintenance and inspection is conducted through CCTV
observation of wastewater network.
Operation and maintenance of WWTP:
WWTP - Momchilgrad is not built yet. A detailed operating instruction guide is being
drafted for the facility which envisages the mode of operation and management of the
main and auxiliary installations of the plant. The documentation of the operating
equipment contains maintenance instructions for types of planned repairs and the
useful life of the parts breaking most often which should be replaced. Above all the
Energy Engineer of the plant must be familiar in detail with the technology and
specifics of the equipment and the spare parts must be envisaged and delivered on
time. The heart of the plant lies at the command dispatch station where the SCADA
system shall be installed and the regular maintenance of this system will guarantee
the safe and smooth operation of the plant.
Summary of the main deficiencies 3.5.2.6.
The next table presents a summary of the main deficiencies in Momchilgrad
agglomeration. The notes are prepared based on the EU Directive for solid waste and
sludge.
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Table 3-119 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Momchilgrad
№ Components Main deficiencies
1 Sewerage network
Incomplete network
Untreated wastewater discharged in gullies which flow into the Varbitsa
river
Sections with expired service life
Sections with insufficient diameter, small or reverse gradient, collapsed
and infiltrated
Lack of storm overflows
Bad overall condition of the inspection manholes
Flooded chambers due to breakdowns in the water main network
Solid waste piled up in chambers. Large quantity of deposits in the
chambers. Asphalt-covered lids of the manholes.
2 Wastewater
treatment plant
No wastewater treatment plant built
No studies for sludge utilization have been performed
WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE OF AGGLOMERATION 3.5.3.
KRUMOVGRAD
The existing sewerage system of Krumovgrad agglomeration is presented on Drawing
№ 31.
The sewerage system of Krumovgrad 3.5.3.1.
consists of the elements described below: General features
Table 3-120 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Krumovgrad
Component Description
Sewerage network Combined system –
length – 17.712 km
Pumping stations none
Wastewater treatment
plant
There is an envisaged
site
Connected settlements 1 settlement
Total population in the
agglomeration 5,070
Total population connected
to the sewerage network 4,867
% of population connected
to the sewerage network 96%
Wastewater collection system 3.5.3.2.
The table below presents a summary of the current parameters of the sewerage
network.
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Table 3-121 Parameters of the sewerage network of Krumovgrad
№ Parameter Unit
1 Total length of the sewerage network (including main
collectors) 17.712 km
1.2 Length of main sewer collectors 4.74 km
1.3 Length of secondary sewer collectors 12.98 km
2 Type of the sewerage network 100% combined
system
3 Length of recently rehabilitated sewerage network (past 5
years) No data
4 Share of rehabilitated sewerage network (connected to
existing network) No data
5 Population per length of the sewerage network 275 inh./km
6 Overflows number 1 in Izgrev
quarter
7
Number of sewerage service connections No separate data
for the
settlement.
According to information provided by the WSS operator in the town of Krumovgrad
have been registered 8 breakdowns on the sewerage network and 10 breakdowns on
the wastewater service connections in 2012
The deficiencies of the existing sewerage network are as follows:
- The sewerage network built in the 1960-70’s has expired service life and the pipes
need to be gradually replaced and the branches reconstructed ;
- Insufficient pipe diameters, small depths and unacceptable gradients of the
existing network cause poor operation in some sections of the sewerage network;
- Collapsed wastewater pipes, damaged inspection chambers.
- There is infiltration of water in the sewerage network which causes over-dilution of
the wastewater.
- Untreated wastewater is discharged directly in the Krumovitsa River.
- There is no trunk collector for collecting and disposing the wastewater in the future
WWTP.
The sewerage network has to be completed and the compromised sections of the
existing network must be reconstructed. A trunk collector and a WWTP must be built
for protecting the environment from pollution.
Wastewater pumping stations 3.5.3.3.
The topography of the town and the location of the main collectors allow the domestic
wastewater and stormwater to be disposed of by gravity. There are no wastewater
pumping stations built.
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Wastewater treatment facilities 3.5.3.4.
The WWTP of Krumovgrad has not been built.
Efficiency of the sewerage system 3.5.3.5.
The overall efficiency of the system is summarized as follows:
Operation and maintenance of the sewerage network:
• The operator carries out seasonal (spring and autumn) preventive
maintenance including cleaning and other activities and for problematic
sections and emergency situations the Operator employs specialized machine
cleaning services.
• No preventive maintenance and inspection is conducted through CCTV
observation of wastewater network.
Operation and maintenance of WWTP:
The WWTP of Krumovgrad has not been built yet.
Summary of the main deficiencies 3.5.3.6.
The next table presents a summary of the main deficiencies in Krumovgrad
agglomeration. The notes are prepared based on the EU Directive for solid waste and
sludge.
Table 3-122 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Krumovgrad
№ Components Main deficiencies
1 Sewerage network
Incomplete network
Untreated wastewater discharged in the Krumovitsa River
High health risk
High environmental pollution risk since wastewater is not treated
Sections with expired service life
Sections with insufficient diameter, small or reverse gradient, collapsed
and infiltrated
2 Wastewater
treatment plant
No wastewater treatment plant built
No studies for sludge utilization have been presented in the projects
WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE OF ARDINO AGGLOMERATION 3.5.4.
The existing sewerage system of Ardino agglomeration is presented on Drawing№
33.
The sewerage system of Ardino consists of the elements described below.
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General features 3.5.4.1.
Table 3-123 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Ardino
Component Description
Sewerage network
Mixed sewerage
system – length –
14.947 km
Pumping stations None
Wastewater treatment
plant
There is a site
envisaged
Connected settlements 1 settlement
Total population in the
agglomeration 3,493
Total population connected
to the sewerage network 2,061
% of population connected
to the sewerage network 59%
Wastewater collection system 3.5.4.2.
The table below presents a summary of the current parameters of the sewerage
network.
Table 3-124 Parameters of the sewerage network of Ardino
№ Parameter Unit
1 Total length of the sewerage network (including main
collectors) 14.947 km
1.2 Length of main sewer collectors 7.5 km
1.3 Length of secondary sewer collectors 7.45 km
2 Type of the sewerage system Mixed system
3 Length of recently rehabilitated sewerage network (past 5
years) 606 m
4 Share of rehabilitated sewerage network (connected to
existing network) 4%
5 Population per length of the sewerage network 138 inh./km
6 Overflows number None built
7
Number of sewerage service connections No separate data
for the
settlement.
According to information provided by the WSS operator in the town of Ardino have
been registered 3 breakdowns on the sewerage network and 4 breakdowns on the
wastewater service connections in 2012.
In 2009 in Ardino was implemented a project “Reconstruction of internal water main
and sewerage network of Zdravets quarter”. As a result of this were reconstructed 606
m of the main collector and was built new separate sewerage network: domestic –
2,708 m and stormwater – 1,327 m.
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The deficiencies of the existing sewerage network are as follows:
- The sewerage network built in the 1960-70’s with concrete pipes has expired
service life and needs to be gradually reconstructed.
- The sewerage branches, especially the main collector, have extremely low
hydraulic capacity. The diameters of the pipes are Ø150 and Ø200 and collect
also stormwater. Insufficient depths, unacceptable longitudinal gradients and
overloading during rains seriously hinder the normal functioning of the existing
network and cause problems in some sections of the sewerage network and for
the population in the respective quarters as well.
- Collapsed wastewater pipes, damaged inspection chambers. Due to the influence
of the “soft” groundwater in the region the concrete pipes have become highly
porous and breakable and leak water in both directions, there is serious clogging
– up to 30% and more of the pipes cross section.
- There is infiltrated water in the sewerage network and therefore the wastewater
collected and disposed from the settlements is diluted.
- The wastewater is discharged untreated directly in the Ardinska River, tributary of
the Arda River not far away from the sanitary protection zone of a drinking water
pumping station for the town which is a potential health and environmental threat.
The lack of sewerage network along a significant number of streets leads to soil and
groundwater pollution due to the discharge of wastewater in old and prohibited to be
used absorption pits. Due to the surface draining of the streets during intensive rainfall
part of the properties are flooded and streets become impassable.
The sewerage network has to be completed and the compromised sections of the
existing network must be reconstructed (most of it is not functioning properly). A
WWTP must be built for achieving the environmental objectives and requirements.
Wastewater pumping stations 3.5.4.3.
The topography of the town and the location of the main collectors allow the domestic
wastewater and stormwater to be disposed of by gravity. There are no wastewater
pumping stations built.
Wastewater treatment facilities 3.5.4.4.
There is no WWTP built in Ardino.
Efficiency of the sewerage system 3.5.4.5.
The overall efficiency of the system is summarized as follows:
Operation and maintenance of the sewerage network:
• „ViK“ OOD-Kardzhali maintains only the main collector of the existing old
sewerage network and carries out seasonal (spring and autumn) preventive
maintenance including cleaning and other activities and for problematic
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sections and emergency situations the Operator employs specialized machine
cleaning services.
• No preventive maintenance and inspection is conducted through CCTV
observation of wastewater network.
Operation and maintenance of WWTP:
There is no WWTP built in Ardino.
Summary of the main deficiencies 3.5.4.6.
The next table presents a summary of the main deficiencies in Ardino agglomeration.
The notes are prepared based on the EU Directive for solid waste and sludge.
Table 3-125 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Ardino
№ Components Main deficiencies
1 Sewerage network
Incomplete network
Untreated wastewater discharged in the Ardinska River
Compromised sections with frequent breakdowns due to the long period
of operation.
Sections with insufficient diameter, small or reverse gradient, collapsed,
clogged and infiltrated.
Damaged inspection chambers.
Clogged service connections
Soil and groundwater pollution due to wastewater discharged in old
absorption pits.
High health risk
High environmental pollution risk since wastewater is not treated.
2 Wastewater
treatment plant
No wastewater treatment plant built
No studies for sludge utilization have been presented in the projects
WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE OF DZHEBEL 3.5.5.
AGGLOMERATION
The existing sewerage system of Dzhebel agglomeration is presented on Drawing №
35.
The sewerage system of Dzhebel consists of the elements described below.
General features 3.5.5.1.
Table 3-126 General features of the sewerage system in the town of Dzhebel
Component Description
Sewerage network Combined sewerage system
– length – 16.770 km
Pumping stations None
Wastewater treatment
plant There is a site envisaged
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Component Description
Connected settlements 1 settlement
Total population in the
agglomeration 3,093
Total population connected
to sewerage network 2,691
% of population connected
to sewerage network 87%
Wastewater collection system 3.5.5.2.
The table below presents a summary of the current parameters of the sewerage
network.
Table 3-127 Parameters of the sewerage network of Dzhebel
№ Parameter Unit
1 Total length of the sewerage network (including main
collectors) 16.770 km
1.2 Length of main sewer collectors 2.06 km
1.3 Length of secondary sewer collectors 14.71 km
2 Type of the sewerage system Combined system
3 Length of recently rehabilitated sewerage network (past 5
years) None
4 Share of rehabilitated sewerage network (connected to
existing network) 0
5 Population per length of the sewerage network 160 inh./km
6 Overflows number 1-destroyed
7 Number of sewerage service connections No separate data for the
settlement.
According to information provided by the WSS operator in the town of Dzhebel have
been registered no breakdowns on the sewerage network and 3 breakdowns on the
wastewater service connections in 2012
The deficiencies of the existing sewerage network are as follows:
- The sewerage network mostly built more than 35 years ago has expired service
life and highly amortised concrete pipes and especially connections which
damages the impermeability of the system.
- The main collector and the secondary sewerage branches have insufficient
hydraulic conductivity. The pipes with diameter Ø200 and Ø300 are more than
80% of the existing network. The sewerage system has lower design parameters
compared to the currently applicable design standards. Insufficient depths,
unacceptable longitudinal gradients and overloading during rains seriously hinder
the normal functioning of the existing network and cause problems in some
sections of the sewerage network and for the population in the respective quarters
as well.
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- Collapsed wastewater pipes, damaged inspection chambers. About 15% of the
inspection chambers in the central part of the town and along the main collector
are clogged. According to information provided by the operator a large number of
breakdowns occur particularly in the central part of the town during intensive
rainfall when the existing combined sewerage system is highly overloaded.
Gradual reconstruction is necessary.
- There is large percentage of infiltrated water in the sewerage network and
therefore the wastewater collected and disposed from the settlements is rather
diluted.
- Part of the sewerage branches and service connections discharge in the gullies
crossing the town without the wastewater reaching the main collector.
- The wastewater is discharged untreated directly in the Dzhebelska River, the
largest tributary of the Varbitsa River.
The lack of sewerage network and the highly amortised existing network cause
uncontrolled soil and groundwater pollution.
The sewerage network has to be completed and the compromised sections of the
existing network must be reconstructed (most of it is not functioning properly). A
WWTP must be built for achieving the environmental objectives and requirements.
Wastewater pumping stations 3.5.5.3.
The topography of the town and the location of the main collectors allow the domestic
wastewater and stormwater to be disposed of by gravity. There are no wastewater
pumping stations built.
Wastewater treatment facilities 3.5.5.4.
There is no WWTP built in Dzhebel.
Efficiency of the sewerage system 3.5.5.5.
The overall efficiency of the system is summarized as follows:
Operation and maintenance of the sewerage network:
• The operator carries out seasonal (spring and autumn) preventive
maintenance including cleaning and other activities and for problematic
sections and emergency situations the Operator employs specialized machine
cleaning services.
• No preventive maintenance and inspection is conducted through CCTV
observation of wastewater network.
Operation and maintenance of WWTP:
There is no WWTP built in Dzhebel.
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Summary of the main deficiencies 3.5.5.6.
The next table presents a summary of the main deficiencies in Dzhebel
agglomeration. The notes are prepared based on the EU Directive for solid waste and
sludge.
Table 3-128 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Dzhebel
№ Components Main deficiencies
1 Sewerage network
Incomplete network
Untreated wastewater discharged in the Dzhebelska River
Compromised sections with frequent breakdowns due to the long period of operation.
Sections with insufficient diameter, small or reverse gradient, collapsed, clogged and
infiltrated.
Damaged inspection chambers.
Clogged service connections
Soil and groundwater pollution due to wastewater discharged in old absorption pits.
High health risk
High environmental pollution risk since wastewater is not treated.
2 Wastewater
treatment plant
No wastewater treatment plant built
No studies for sludge utilization have been presented in the projects
WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE OF BENKOVSKI 3.5.6.
AGGLOMERATION
The existing sewerage system of the village of Benkovski is presented on Drawing №
37.
The sewerage system of the village of Benkovski consists of the elements described
below.
General features 3.5.6.1.
Table 3-129 General features of the sewerage system in the village of Benkovski
Component Description
Sewerage network Combined sewerage system –
length – 5.067 km
Pumping stations None
Wastewater treatment
plant There is a site envisaged
Connected settlements 1 settlement.
Total population in the
agglomeration 2,121
Total population connected
to sewerage network 933
% of population connected
to sewerage network 45%
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Wastewater collection system 3.5.6.2.
The table below presents a summary of the current parameters of the sewerage
network.
Table 3-130 Parameters of the sewerage network in the village of Benkovski
№ Parameter Unit
1 Total length of the sewerage network (including main
collectors) 5.067 km
1.2 Length of main sewer collectors 1.18 km
1.3 Length of secondary sewer collectors 3.887 km
2 Type of the sewerage system Combined
system
3 Length of recently rehabilitated sewerage network (past 5
years) None
4 Share of rehabilitated sewerage network (connected to
existing network) 0
5 Population per length of the sewerage network 184 inh/km
6 Overflows number None built
7
Number of sewerage service connections No separate data
for the
settlement.
During the past 10-15 years a combined sewerage network has been built in stages.
In 2005 the work investment project was updated and sewerage network in the central
part of the village was built – 2,424 m.
The deficiencies of the existing sewerage network are as follows:
- The sewerage network built before 2005 during the years has changed its
purpose and functions. At first the construction began with stormwater collectors
for disposing of the surface run-off from the territory north of road 867 – Zlatograd-
Podkova. Later in these collectors domestic wastewater started to be discharged
which seriously damaged their function. Thus domestic wastewater is discharged
without any control in gullies which flow into the Varbitsa River.
- In the 1970-80’s was built domestic sewerage network of concrete pipes which
served only the public buildings and discharged untreated wastewater in a gully, in
a stormwater drain or in a long non-functioning common cess pit. This existing
domestic sewerage network has expired service life and the concrete pipes are
highly amortised. The sewerage network built before 2005 must be reconstructed.
- Low connection rate of the population to the sewerage network – about 45% and
only inhabitants in the southern part of the village. The lacking sewerage network
causes uncontrolled soil and groundwater pollution.
- The wastewater is discharged untreated directly in the Varbitsa River and
downstream in its terrace are located water abstraction facilities – part of the water
supply systems of Kirkovo, Dzhebel, Momchilgrad.
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The sewerage network has to be completed and the existing network must be
reconstructed. A WWTP must be built for achieving the environmental objectives and
requirements.
Wastewater pumping stations 3.5.6.3.
The topography of the town and the location of the main collectors allow the domestic
wastewater and stormwater to be disposed of by gravity. There are no wastewater
pumping stations built.
Wastewater treatment facilities 3.5.6.4.
There is no WWTP built in Benkovski.
Efficiency of the sewerage system 3.5.6.5.
The overall efficiency of the system is summarized as follows:
Operation and maintenance of the sewerage network:
„ViK“ OOD-Kardzhali does not operate and maintain the sewerage infrastructure of
Benkovski agglomeration. Cleaning and other maintenance works are carried out by
municipal authorities.
Operation and maintenance of WWTP:
There is no WWTP built in Benkovski.
Summary of the main deficiencies 3.5.6.6.
The next table presents a summary of the main deficiencies in Benkovski
agglomeration. The notes are prepared based on the EU Directive for solid waste and
sludge.
Table 3-131 Main deficiencies of the sewerage system of agglomeration Benkovski
№ Components Main deficiencies
1 Sewerage network
Incomplete network
Untreated wastewater discharged in the Varbitsa River
Compromised sections with frequent breakdowns due to the long period
of operation.
Sections with insufficient diameter, small or reverse gradient, collapsed,
clogged and infiltrated.
Damaged inspection chambers.
Clogged service connections
Soil and groundwater pollution due to wastewater discharged in old
absorption pits.
High health risk
High environmental pollution risk since wastewater is not treated.
2 Wastewater
treatment plant
No wastewater treatment plant built
No studies for sludge utilization have been presented in the projects
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WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE OF OTHER SETTLEMENTS 3.5.7.
The collected available information for other settlements in the designated territory
with sewerage systems constructed to a certain extent can be summarized in the table
below.
Table 3-132 General features of the sewerage system
Mun
icip
ality
Settlement
Total
population
Inhabitants
Sewerage system PS WWTP
Number of
population
connected
to
sewerage
network
% of the
population
connected
to
sewerage
network
MO
MC
HIL
GR
AD
Novo Sokolino 455 Separate system None None 455 100%
Progress 312 Separate system, None None 312 100%
KR
UM
OV
GR
AD
Polkovnik
Zhelyazovo 601
Separate system,
4,520 m. None
There is an
envisaged
site –
WWTP
Krumovgrad
361 65%
Vransko 683
Separate system,
3,299 m None
There is an
envisaged
site –
WWTP
Krumovgrad
342 50%
Egrek 615 Separate system,
1,246 m None None 308 25%
Studen
Kladenets 122
Separate system,
1,771 m None None 61 50%
AR
DIN
O
Byal izvor 1,646 Separate system,
1,500 m; 1982 None None 658 40%
Zhaltusha 982 Separate system,
800 m; 1984 None None 196 20%
Padina 982 Separate system,
600 m; 1993 None None 295 20%
Gorno Prahovo 475 Separate system,
700 m; 1986 None None 190 40%
Mlechino 313 Separate system,
900 m; 1986 None None 157 50%
DZ
HE
BE
L
Pripek 907 Separate system,
5,599 m None
There is an
envisaged
site
907 100%
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Mun
icip
ality
Settlement
Total
population
Inhabitants
Sewerage system PS WWTP
Number of
population
connected
to
sewerage
network
% of the
population
connected
to
sewerage
network
KIR
KO
VO
Kirkovo 724 Separate system,
4,000 m None None 724 100%
Chorbadzhiisko 1,964 Separate system,
6,600 m None None 786 40%
Fotinovo 850 Separate system,
2,600 m None None 179 21%
Chakalarovo 1,355 Separate system,
1,600 m None None 136 10%
Druzhintsi 332 Separate system,
971 m None None 23 7%
CH
ER
NO
OC
HE
NE
Chernoochene 316 Separate system None None 158 50%
Novi pazar 282 Separate system None None 282 100%
The generated domestic wastewater of the households in the other settlements are
discharged in own septic tanks as many of them are built as absorption wells which
pursuant to the modern regulations is inacceptable and creates conditions for
environmental pollution. The wastewater from private and public buildings situated
near the rivers and gullies are discharged directly in the water bodies.
Stormwater runs off down the natural slope of the terrains. In some settlements there
are gutters or stormwater drains which take the stormwater to the nearby rivers and
gullies.
SUMMARY OF THE MAIN DEFICIENCIES OF THE WASTEWATER 3.5.8.
INFRASTRUCTURE
Conclusions
Currently all settlements above 2,000 P.E. have sewerage network. However, the
sewerage network is not yet fully constructed in none of the towns - connection rate
ranges from 45% to 97%. Insignificant number of the settlements below 2,000 have
sewerage systems. For those parts which are not yet endowed with a sewer system,
wastewater disposal in old and partly leaking septic tanks is the prevailing solution,
which leads to soil and groundwater pollution and health risk for the population.
Existing sewerage networks function as mixed systems, collecting domestic and
industrial wastewater as well as storm water.
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It has been established that the network is in poor condition - mainly due to expired
service life, insufficient hydraulic capacity, low or reverse gradient, poor quality of
construction, damaged and clogged sewers and infiltration. Flooding due to
overflowing sewers during intensive rainfall events occurs in the towns of Kardzhali,
Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel. On-going projects financed under the OP
Environment will increase the connection rate in the towns of Kardzhali and
Momchilgrad up to 100 %.
In the region of ViK OOD Kardzhali teher are no WWTPs built. After completion of on-
going projects the agglomerations of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad will be fully compliant
with the requirements stipulated in the EU Directive 91/271/EEC, while the remaining
4 agglomerations above 2,000 P.E. need substantial improvements to reach full
compliance.
Recommendations:
• Completion of the wastewater network and reconstruction of the damaged
sections as well as the existing sewer sections with insufficient diameters.
• Construction of 4 new WWTPs (apart from the ones with approved financing
under the on-going projects) in: Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel, Benkovski.
• Updating of network maps and introduction and maintenance of GIS/NIS and
hydraulic models;
• Supply of equipment for sewage maintenance and operation (including CCTV
inspection).
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER FACILITIES 3.5.9.
General features 3.5.9.1.
It is important to note that it is particularly difficult to obtain reliable and official data on
industries. As a result, the data provided in this chapter is only partial. The Consultant
specifies that it is impossible to be more specific without making further investigations,
which are not foreseen in the framework of the master plan.
Water in industrial companies is used for drinking, hygienic and technological
purposes. Usually, process water has the largest share. The industry might discharge
wastewater directly into the receiving water (after adequate treatment) or connect to
the urban wastewater network or after the construction of local treatment facilities.
Disposal of wastewater by industrial companies are regulated by the Directives and
Laws relevant to the disposal of hazardous waste and managed according to the
“Polluter Pays” principle, as follows:
• Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23
October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of
water policy, Art. 11
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• Ordinance № 2 of 8.06.2011 on the issuance of permits for discharge of
wastewater into water bodies and setting individual emission limits for point
sources of pollution, Art. 26, § 4.
• Water Law, Art. 2a, § 10
Inventory of industries 3.5.9.2.
The table below summarizes data on industrial companies located in the area of ViK OOD -
Kardzhali.
Table 3-133 Major existing industrial companies in Kardzhali Agglomeration
Agglomeration
Number of
existing
companies
Notes
Kardzhali
Mining industry
The biggest companies are: Gorubso Kardzhali
AD, S&B Industrial Minerals AD (Bentonite) –
Kardzhali
Metallurgy
OCK Kardzhali AD, Pnevmatika Serta (pneumatic
and hydraulic cylinders), Myunek-yug (mining and
metallurgical equipment), teklas Bulgaria,
Hraninvest-HMK, Promash (production of
automatic bread production lines) etc.
Agriculture Oriental tobacco growing, poultry breeding, etc.
Conclusions 3.5.9.3.
The main industrial polluter in the agglomeration of Kardzhali is OCk Kardzhali AD.
The wastewater from the plant pass through a treatment plant which treats it pursuant
to the issued wastewater discharge permission in the water body Studen Kladenets
dam. The plant operation is currently decreasing.
The remaining industries (mainly food industry) discharge wastewater without
treatment in the settlement sewerage networks. Industries associated with potentially
hazardous industrial waste water have not been found or indicated, therefore, it could
be temporarily concluded that there is no risk of dangerous discharges that may exert
a negative effect on the process of WWTP.
Recommendations 3.5.9.4.
Industries may discharge their wastewater directly into the urban sewerage network if
consistent with the statutory requirements of Ordinance No 7 and the approved project
for wastewater treatment plant of Kardzhali.
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3.6. DATA SUFFICIENCY
LIST OF DATA SOURCES 3.6.1.
Information provided by „ViK Kardzhali” OOD-Kardzhali:
• Company business plan
• Water consumption data
• Generated water quantity data
• Supplied water quantity data
• Invoiced water quantity data
• Large public and industrial water consumers data
• Drinking water quality data
• Maps of the water supply systems in dwg. format
• Water supply networks of the settlements in dwg. format
• Data for the breakdowns of the WSS infrastructure
• Information for the problems to be solved by the WSS operator
• Financial and economic data
• Up-to-date zoning information for the water main network
• Detailed, comprehensive, up-to-date, timely information on all issues brought
forward by the Consultant
Information obtained from MRDPW
• Maps of the water supply and sewerage systems of the settlements of over
2000 PE.
• List of assets
• Institute of Vodokanalproekt, Water supply programme for projection period
until 2010 of the municipalities and the adjacent settlements in NRB, Kardzhali
District - 1989
Information provided by the District administrative centre and Municipalities in
Kardzhali district
• District Strategy for development of the District with administrative centre the
town of Kardzhali 2005-2015;
• Completed questionnaires
Kardzhali Municipality:
• Municipal Development Plan of Kardzhali Municipality 2007-2013,
• “Technical assistance for preparation of integrated water projects – group B:
Integrated water project of Kardzhali”- FS, 2009;
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• “Technical assistance for preparation of integrated water projects – group B:
Integrated water project of Kardzhali ”- WD, 2010.
Momchilgrad Municipality:
• Municipal Development Plan of Momchilgrad Municipality 2007-2013;
• “Reconstruction, modernization and completion of the WSS network and
construction of a UWWTP in the town of Momchilgrad” – FS;
• “Reconstruction, modernization and completion of the WSS network and
construction of a UWWTP in the town of Momchilgrad ” – WD.
Krumovgrad Municipality:
• “Reconstruction of water supply network of Krumovgrad, completion of
sewerage network of Krumovgrad, trunk collector to urban wastewater
treatment plant Krumovgrad“ – FS;
• “Wastewater treatment plant of Krumovgrad” – DD;
• Municipal Development Plan of Krumovgrad Municipality 2007-2013.
Ardino Municipality:
• “Integrated project for improvement and expansion of the water supply and
sewerage network of Ardino”- FS, 2011;
• Municipal Development Plan of Ardino Municipality 2007-2013.
Dzhebel Municipality:
• “Feasibility study for water supply, sewerage and wastewater treatment of
Dzhebel”- FS, 2012;
• Municipal Development Plan of Dzhebel Municipality 2007-2013.
Kirkovo Municipality:
• Feasibility studies for completion of the sewerage network, reconstruction of
the water supply network along the routes of the new sewerage network and
WWTP of Benkovski village” – FS, 2012;
• Municipal Development Plan of Kirkovo Municipality 2007-2013
Chernoochene Municipality:
• Municipal Development Plan of Chernoochene Municipality 2007-2013
Other information provided:
• Detailed, comprehensive, up-to-date, timely information on all issues brought
forward by the Consultant.
• Environmental condition report by RIEW – Haskovo 2010, 2011.
Other data sources:
• Boyanov I. et al., 1990. Geological map of Bulgaria. Map sheet of Iskra, scale
1:100 000;
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• Kozhuharov D. et al.,1989. Geological map of Bulgaria. Map sheet of
Komotini, scale 1:100 000;
• Kozhuharov D. et al., 1989. Geological map of Bulgaria. Map sheet of
Kardzhali, scale 1:100 000;
• Kozhuharov D. et al., 1992. Geological map of Bulgaria. Map sheet of
Krumovgrad, scale 1:100 000;
• Boyanov I. et al., 1989. Geological map of Bulgaria. Map sheet of Haskovo,
scale 1:100 000;
• Basin Directorate for Water Management in East Aegean Sea Region, 2010.
River Basin Management Plan for East Aegean Sea Region;
• Basin Directorate for Water Management in East Aegean Sea Region.
Register of the issued groundwater abstraction permits;
• The Water Act;
• Ordinance for amendment and supplementation of Ordinance № 1/10.10.2007
on the study, use and protection of groundwater (SG issue 15/2012)
• Ordinance No 2/13.09.2007 on the protection of water from nitrate pollution
from agricultural sources;
• Ordinance № 3 on the terms and conditions for research, design, approval
and operation of sanitary protection zones around the water sources and the
facilities for drinking-domestic water supply as well as around the sources of
mineral water used for medicinal, preventive, drinking and hygienic purposes;
• Ordinance № 9 on the quality of water intended for drinking-domestic
purposes;
• Ordinance No РД-02-20-2/27.01.2012 for the design of buildings and facilities
in seismic areas;
• Ordinance No 2/22.03.2005 on the design, construction and exploitation of
water supply systems;
• Standards for sewerage system design;
• Standard for flat foundation design.
• Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intended for human consumption.
REVIEW OF DATA 3.6.2.
For the elaboration of the present analyses, serving for projection purposes, available
information obtained from the following sources has been used – ViK Kardzhali, the
Municipalities of Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel and Kirkovo, NSI and
completed Questionnaires returned by the WSS operator, digital source information
from the internet as well as data collected by the Consultant during the field visits. To
get clearer notion of the quality of information used, an attempt has been made to
systemise and arrange it in the table below:
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Table 3-134 Review of data
Parameter description Reliability and accuracy of input data
Number of population connected to water
supply networks
Very high (data from WSS company and
detailed designs)
Annual number of failures on external water
pipelines, water distribution networks and
service connections
Very high (official records)
Number of water supply service connections,
number of water meters and number of
customers
Very high (official records)
Lengths and diameters of external water
mains
High. Data from WSS company, business
plan and drawings
Lengths and diameters of water distribution
networks
High. Data from WSS company, business
plan and drawings
Data on water delivered from water sources
to distribution networks
Insufficient reliability
Data water consumed (invoiced) Very high. Data from Collection Department
of WSS operator. The accuracy of water
metering is questionable
Condition of water supply facilities – pumping
stations, reservoirs, water sources
Very high. Inspections carried out by the
Consultant. Data from WSS company
Number of population using sewerage
services of WSS company
Very high (data from WSS operator and
designs)
Annual number of failures on sewerage
service connections
Very high (official records)
Number of sewerage service connections
operated by WSS operator
Very high (official records)
Annual number of failures in wastewater
network
Very high (official records)
Lengths and diameters of wastewater
network
Data from WSS operator, Business plan and
data and design provided by the
municipalities - Feasibility study, Preliminary
and Detailed designs
Depths of wastewater network Insufficient
Total area of the town, serviced by WSS
operator
High. Elaborated maps
Total design capacity of water supply and
sewerage networks
Very high. Based on approved detailed and
technical designs.
Number of WSS operator personnel,
responsible for provision of water supply
services
Very high
Number of WSS operator personnel,
responsible for provision of sewerage
services
Very high
Annual number of occupational accidents Very high
Total number of personnel, providing water Very high
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Parameter description Reliability and accuracy of input data
supply and sewerage services
Total number of drinking water treatment
plants
Very high
Number of samples for drinking water quality,
complying with regulatory requirements for
physicochemical and radiological indicators
Very high. Data from official records of
laboratory analyses.
Total design capacity of wastewater
treatment plant
Very high. Based on approved detailed and
technical designs
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 3.6.3.
The Consultant recommends the application of the following measures in order to
improve data availability concerning water supply, sewerage and treatment systems:
• Improvement of mapping for the external water supply systems: Changes in
the system should be timely depicted on maps and plans
• Improvement of mapping for distribution networks of settlements i.e.
digitization of water supply and sewerage network, by indicating diameters
and depths. Introduction of Geographic Information System, using GIS based
software.
• Measurement of water supplied by water sources and to water distribution
networks has to be improved, yearly and monthly water supply should be
metered.
• Collection of additional data on water quality and/or initiating a campaign for
water quality analysis (for priority areas in the feasibility study and for the
other regions included in the terms of reference of the forthcoming technical
assistance contracts.
• Collection of data for yearly, daily and hourly wastewater flow from discharge
points of industrial undertakings in conformity with Ordinance №2 of 8th June
2011 on the issuance of permits for wastewater discharge into water bodies
and determination of individual emission limitations of point sources of
pollution.
• Average (daily mixed sample) and maximum data (from random samples) on
quality of wastewater and quantity in different discharge points, should be
collected.
These measures are included in the long-term investment plan.
Data necessary for completing the assessment of the investment measures
affordability must be collected in shortest terms possible.
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3.7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
WATER RESOURCES 3.7.1.
There are no restrictions on the use of surface water and groundwater for drinking
water supply and other needs, as their determined resources and water quality fully
satisfy the requirements in the relevant legal and statutory documents - the Water
Act, Ordinance № 1/10.10.2007 on groundwater exploration, use and protection,
Ordinance № 2 concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by
nitrates from agricultural sources, Ordinance № 3/16.10.2000 on the terms and
conditions for investigation, design, approval and operation of sanitary protection
zones around water sources and facilities for drinking water supply as well as around
mineral water sources used for medicinal, preventive, drinking and hygienic purposes,
Ordinance № 9/16.03.2001 on the quality of water intended for drinking and domestic
use, Directive 98/83/EC/concerning the quality of water intended for human
consumption, etc.
WATER POLLUTION 3.7.2.
The conclusions from the performed studies, reviews, analyses and assessment of the
information related to the water pollution conditions in the designated territory served
by ViK OOD Kardzhali for undertaking investment measures for improving water
quality are as follows:
• At present the main polluters of water bodies with organic and biogenic
elements are the pollution loads of population and industrial companies of the
settlements which discharge wastewater in the water bodies.
• Water bodies are polluted also by certain industrial emitters which discharge
their wastewater into the water bodies without the necessary treatment
• Settlements and other separate facilities without sewerage network pollute
the soils and groundwater.
• Infiltration of polluted wastewater from existing illegal landfills subject to
closing also pollutes soils and groundwater.
Investment programmes for construction of WWTPs in separate agglomerations are
envisaged which will eliminate the conditions creating health risk to the population in
the area and environmental risk. The utility company ViK OOD Kardzhali must
negotiate the conditions for including wastewater from the industries into the sewerage
networks of settlements pursuant to Ordinance No 7 and the developed designs in the
WWTP projects for each agglomeration.
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CURRENT WATER CONSUMPTION 3.7.3.
Conclusions
The two major problems with water consumption are as follows:
• Water metering
Inaccurate metering of the water consumed. (Water metering is accurate enough
when it comes to large industrial and public consumers due to the fact that water
meters are checked following a schedule as well as in case of the slightest doubt
about existing imprecision.) If necessary, those water meters are replaced. Problems
concerning consumption metering are mainly typical of small users, consuming water
for domestic purposes.
• Water thefts
Water is stolen though illegal service or other connections.
For „ViK” OOD Kardzhali the commercial losses along with the unbilled legal
consumption which is note metered are estimated to 10 % of the quantity supplied by
the water sources.
It is obvious that along with the real losses the losses from water non-billed but
consumed for different purposes is a serious problem.
Recommendations
• Installation of water meters before and after pressure reservoirs, serving the
settlements.
• We recommend more frequent verifications and replacement of water meters
of small domestic and commercial consumers. It is necessary to carry out the
inspections included in the schedule.
• Focused efforts are required to achieve accurate metering of water delivered
and consumed – from water sources to all users. This is of great importance
so that at any moment the Operator could have precise information about the
condition of the relevant water supply system.
• Fight against water thefts is difficult as illegal water supply connections are not
easy to detect. Unauthorised connections will be possible to localise, provided
that all old water supply sections made of asbestos cement or steel pipes are
replaced.
WATER SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE 3.7.4.
Water supply systems 3.7.4.1.
Conclusions
Water sources
Some water source have no water use permissions
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Maintaining the SPZ is difficult – the fences and information signs have been placed
repeatedly and then stolen. Their absence results in sanctions for the Operator
imposed by the RIEW.
Water treatment
On the territory of ViK OOD- Kardzhali there is only one DWTP. The quality of the
treated water from Borovitsa dam in complies with the requirements of Ordinance №9.
The water sources utilized by the WSS operator have good quality and comply with
the regulatory requirements. The only treatment of the water not treated at Enchets
DWTP is disinfection. However the quantity of residual chlorine is not monitored
automatically and the disinfectant dosage is not measured accordingly.
The chlorine disinfection facilities do not comply with the safety requirements and
present danger to the life and health of the operating staff.
Reservoirs
Many of the reservoirs were built in the period 1940- 1980 but there are also some
built and commissioned after 2000.
Structurally all reservoirs operated by ViK Kardzhali OOD are in satisfactory
condition – there are no visible leaks from the water chambers, some damaged
plastering and deformed external stairs have been observed.
Regardless of the constant maintenance by the operator – cleaning of corroded pipes
and painting, the pipe connections and the fixtures are in bad condition.
There are reservoirs which are not used for one or other reason.
The SPZ of some reservoirs are damaged, there are no fences, reliable doors and
information signs.
Pumping stations
The condition of the buildings is satisfactory. The following problems have been
observed – compromised roof structures, leaks, cracks, damaged plastering,
damaged flooring, corroded metal parts – rails, staircases, frames, etc.
Some of the installed pumps are old – over 25 years. They are characterized with low
efficiency and high energy consumption. Spare parts are missing.
Some suction reservoirs are in poor operational condition.
Water mains
The external water mains of the systems are 93.06 km – steel, asbestos cement,
reinforced concrete – built in the period of 1930-1980. Small part of the water mains
are built of modern materials and laid after 1998 and these are in good technical
condition as 25% are asbestos cement, 69% steel, 6% modern materials, etc. most of
the pipes are old and amortised.
- The main problem of the steel pipes is corrosion. Rarely leaks are observed
due to poor quality of welding.
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- For reinforced concrete pressure pipes the main deficiency is the insufficiently
compacted concrete of the pipes due to which leaks and corrosion on the
steel reinforcement appear.
- The main problems of the AC water mains are the compromised connections
(worn-out gaskets), broken and cracked pipes, deformations.
- The water mains are in poor condition and are a potential source of problems.
The leaks from compromised connections, the corroded and deformed pipes
generate high water losses.
The operator has decommissioned problematic water mains generating frequent
breakdowns and water losses until providing the financial means for replacing those
water mains.
The bad condition of the trunk water mains creates risks of drinking water shortage for
the population and deterioration of the quality parameters of the water.
The facilities on these water mains – relief chambers, collection chambers, air-
chambers and draining chambers are also in poor condition and need overall
renovation – structural and replacement of fixtures and equipment.
The trunk water mains have no easement zones established.
Recommendations
Water sources
Undertaking actions for updating the water use permissions of all working water
sources.
Rehabilitation of the sanitary protection zones in three belts the borders of which are
determined under Ordinance № 3/16.10.2000 on the terms and conditions for
investigation, design, approval and operation of sanitary protection zones around
water sources and facilities for drinking water supply as well as around mineral water
sources used for medicinal, preventive, drinking and hygienic purposes.
Metering devices must be installed or replaced at all water sources.
Water treatment
Rehabilitation of the disinfection systems in all points where disinfectant is supplied.
The systems must be equipped with automatic cycles for monitoring the quantity of
residual chlorine in the water and automatic precise measuring of the disinfectant
dosage according to the quantity of residual chlorine in the water. All chlorination
compartments working with chlorine gas must be equipped with automatic chlorine
deactivation system, in case of eventual leaks from chlorine supply system or leaks
from the storage tanks.
Metering devices must be installed at the outlet of each DWTP.
Reservoirs
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The rehabilitation should include renovation of the reservoirs – restoring damaged
plastering, rails, doors and stairs in the reservoirs, restoring the fences of the SPZ –
belt I.
Gradual replacement of all pipe connections and fixtures.
Where metering devices exists they need to be calibrated or replaced if necessary.
Metering devices must be installed at the outlets of all reservoirs.
Reservoirs which are not used must be made safe.
In settlements where the existing reservoirs have no sufficient capacity the
construction of new ones must be planned for providing sufficient regulating, fire-
fighting and emergency storage volume.
Pumping stations
Rehabilitation of the operating pumping stations /starting with the most pressing
repairs/ – rehabilitation of roof structures and covers and other parts disrupting the
operation of the pumping stations.
Gradual replacement of the inefficient equipment of the pumping stations – pumps,
engines and amortised pipe connections, fixtures, metering devices, automatisation.
PS which are not used must be made safe.
Water mains
We recommend the gradual replacement of the trunk water mains to start as early as
the first programme period 2014 - 2020 in order to avoid the risk of water shortage.
Sections must be repaired following a priority based on the condition of the water
mains, the affected population and the lack of alternative water supply.
Updating the cadastre, implementation and maintenance of GIS and hydraulic
modelling of the water supply systems;
For providing the water supply to settlements where supply is limited it must be
considered to connect these to a centralized water supply network or provide supply
from local water source which can provide the additional water quantities necessary.
Distribution water networks 3.7.4.2.
Conclusions:
The water distribution networks in the settlements which are served by ViK Kardzhali”
OOD-Kardzhali are in overall poor condition and some are in exceptionally bad
condition. The water main pipes /main and secondary branches and service
connections/ in the settlements with over 2,000 inhabitants are over 80 % built of
asbestos cement and steel with galvanized steel service connections. The service life
of the mains has expired long ago, the pipes are highly corroded, with compromised
connections which causes frequent breakdowns and high water losses. Real losses in
the distribution networks are significant and at some places reach 60 % of the total
input water quantity of the distribution network.
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The network equipment is in the same critical condition. The stop valves and fire
hydrants are insufficient and the existing ones are amortised and in bad operating
condition.
Metering devices are in unsatisfactory condition and missing at some places. Water
meters must be calibrated regularly (every 5 years). A large share of the installed
water meters are over 10-years old.
Recommendations:
An overall replacement of the amortised asbestos cement and steel pipes of the main
and secondary water distribution branches and service connections is necessary. This
replacement will help detect the illegal consumers connected to the network. The
financial calculations recommend gradual replacement as the main branches and the
ones with the most breakdowns during the years will have priority. Where sewerage
network is built it must be envisaged also mandatory rehabilitation of the internal water
main network and service connections. Materials with good operating parameters
must be used – high density polyethylene, cast iron or fibre glass.
Along with the pipe replacement must also be replaced the stop valves and fire
hydrants.
The metering devices which are over 10 years old must be replaced especially those
of domestic consumers and their regular inspection at 5 years must continue.
WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE 3.7.5.
Conclusions:
Currently all settlements with population over 2,000 PE have sewerage networks.
Nevertheless it is not completely constructed in neither of the towns (the connection
rate varies between 45% and 97 %), and the settlements below 2,000 PE with small
exceptions, have no sewerage systems
It has been established that a substantial part of the network is in bad condition. In
some agglomerations have been reported floods during rainfall due to overloaded
sewerage sections which have insufficient hydraulic conductivity. The on-going
projects funded under OP Environment will increase the connection rate up to 100 %
in the towns of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad.
There are no WWTPs built in the designated territory of “ViK” OOD- Kardzhali. After
the completion of the on-going projects 2 of the 6 agglomerations – Kardzhali and
Momchilgrad, will comply fully with the requirements set in Directive 91/271/ЕЕС.
In the future the sludge must be temporarily disposed of at the regional landfill in
Kardzhali until their quality is examined. Since the sludge quality is expected to be
good their sustainable utilization must be examined.
The main industrial polluter in Kardzhali is the Lead and Zinc Processing Plant. It has its own WWTP. The plant has discharge permission pursuant to Ordinance No 2/08.06.2011 (Directive for complex prevention and pollution control). Its operation is slowing down and tends to cease entirely. The other industrial companies (mainly from
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the food processing industry) discharge their wastewater (10 to 20% of the total wastewater quantity) untreated in the municipal WWTP.
Recommendations:
• Expansion and reconstruction of the sewerage network.
• Construction of 6 new WWTP.
• Updating the network information systems.
• Supply of equipment for maintenance and operation of the sewerage network
• Developing an overall strategy for sludge management in compliance with the European directives for sludge and solid waste.
• Construction of facilities for preliminary treatment in all industrial companies with wastewater polluted above the permissible levels discharged in the urban sewerage system.
3.8. ON-GOING AND PENDING PROJECTS
Several equipment or infrastructure improvement projects have been conducted lately by different organizations out of the framework of the present Master Plan. Once identified, these projects are considered in different ways:
• Completed projects to date are included in the existing situation;
• On-going projects (projects that were approved and financed but not completed to date) are also included in the existing situation. In fact, corresponding assets are considered as existing, investment costs are not included within the Master Plan but future operation and maintenance costs are included for the macro-affordability assessment.
• Projects not approved to date, but the purpose of which are in line with the Master Plan objectives, are included in the Master Plan. Corresponding design, investment costs and timeframes are newly assessed according to the Consultant’s methodology.
• Other projects, which are not in line with the objectives and criteria of the Master Plan, are either not included or substantially altered.
For the Regional Master Plan of the designated territory of ViK OOD-Kardzhali, all non-completed projects were either considered as on-going (and thus their costs were not included in the Investment Programme) or considered appropriate and included in the Master Plan. The initial designs were also kept.
Table 3-135 Existing projects included in the Master Plan
Municipality Project
Kardzhali
“Technical assistance for preparation of integrated water projects – group B: Integrated water project of Kardzhali” - FS, 2009.; “Integrated water project of the town of Kardzhali: Construction of a WWTP and intercepting collector, extension and reconstruction of water supply and sewerage network.” - DD, 2010.
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Municipality Project
Momchilgrad
“Reconstruction, modernization and completion of the WSS network and construction of a UWWTP in the town of Momchilgrad” – FS; “Reconstruction, modernization and completion of the WSS network and construction of a UWWTP in the town of Momchilgrad” – DD.
Krumovgrad
“Reconstruction of water supply network of Krumovgrad, completion of sewerage network of Krumovgrad, trunk collector to urban wastewater treatment plant Krumovgrad“ – FS; “Wastewater treatment plant of Krumovgrad” – DD
Ardino
“Reconstruction of internal water distribution and sewerage network of Zdravets quarter – Ardino” – DD; “Reconstruction of main collector and correction of the river bed of the Ardinska River in Ardino– II stage” – DD; “Integrated project for improvement and expansion of the water supply and sewerage network of Ardino”- FS; “Working design for construction of a wastewater treatment plant in Ardino”.
Dzhebel
“Sewerage system of Progress quarter – DD, 1994; “Auxiliary water supply of the town of Dzhebel from PS Zagorsko”– DD, 199.; “Auxiliary water supply of the town of Dzhebel from river catchment” – DD, 2001; Construction and reconstruction of the water supply network of the town of Dzhebel – central town area ” – DD, DD; 2007; “Water supply system of neighbourhoods in the villages of Mishevsko and Paprat” – DD, 2008; “water supply systems of the villages of Sofiitsi and Ustren – lower neighbourhood” – DD; “Plot plan for sewerage network of the town of Dzhebel and the villages of Prdvrah, Chakaltsi, Paprat, Tyutyunche, WWTP” – DRP, 2008; “Waste management programme of Dzhebel Municipality”, 2009; “Construction and reconstruction of the sewerage and water supply networks of the town of Dzhebel and trunk collector to the WWTP”– DD, DD; 2009; „Construction and reconstruction of the sewerage and water supply networks of the town of Dzhebel and the villages of Prdvrah, Chakaltsi, Paprat, Tyutyunche and a group WWTP, sub-site WWTP” – DD, 2009; “feasibility study for water supply, sewerage network and wastewater treatment of the town of Dzhebel” – FS, 2012
Kirkovo
“Construction of the sewerage network of the village of Benkovski – southern area” – DD, 2005. “Feasibility studies for completion of the sewerage network, reconstruction of the water supply network along the routes of the new sewrage netwok and WWTP of Benkovski village” – FS, 2012;
Appendices 3-8 to 3-14 contain tables provided by all municipalities in Kardzhali
District with regard to priority projects prepared for solving important problems of the
water and wastewater infrastructure in settlements with a population of below 2,000
PE. The implementation of these projects will contribute to improving and developing
water supply and sewerage systems in the relevant settlements and even if they are
not included in the investment programmes of the Regional Master Plan, they will be
funded by other programmes.
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4. PRIORITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WATER AND WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE TO ACHIEVE COMPLIANCE WITH EU DIRECTIVES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACQUIS
4.1. METHODOLOGY AND ASSUMPTIONS
BASIC DESIGN CRITERIA 4.1.1.
Reference periods for investment 4.1.1.1.
programmes
Investment program periods are set as follows9:
o Short-term: 2014 – 2020;
o Medium term: 2021 – 2028;
o Long term: 2029 – 2038.
In addition to the above mentioned key dates for the investment programming periods,
the Consultant defined the following dates and terms:
o Existing situation : Average of data from 2009 to 2011; Infrastructure which
has been put into operation until the end of 2011 has been taken into account;
o Situation after implementation of on-going projects : All on-going projects
will not be included in the Master Plans’ investment programme, but
respective data are presented separately in Chapter 3. The impact of these
investment projects with completion dates between 2012 and 2016 will be
taken into consideration in the year 2016 (first year of projection);
o 2016: First year of operation of infrastructure proposed in the Short-term
investment programme.
Population forecast criteria 4.1.1.2.
Population forecast takes into account:
o NSI population forecasts up to the year 2060, with starting level corresponding
to 2011 census data;
o Population is forecasted based on population dynamics: birth rate, death rate
and net migration (mechanical growth);
o Birth rate and death rate are forecasted with conventional methods. A trend is
established and a constant coefficient or a steady increase/decrease over the
years is applied. This approach takes into account the population specifics of
each municipality and settlement.
9 In agreement with MRDPW the program periods deviate from those defined in the ToR in
order to ensure consistency with the operational programming period.
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The forecast for each subsequent year is obtained from the population of the previous
year, by adding births and subtracting deaths and net migration. In practical terms:
Population for
the forecasted
year
= Population for the
year before + Births - Deaths +
Net
migration
The population forecast for the region are presented in Chapter 5.1 related to socio-
economic projections.
Water supply systems 4.1.1.3.
This section develops the design criteria which were used for defining and designing
the proposed infrastructures for water supply systems.
At master plan level only basic design criteria have been taken into consideration,
while more detailed criteria will be developed in the subsequent feasibility studies.
4.1.1.3.1. Water demand forecast and design flows
The “effective water demand” is the quantity of water demanded of a given quality at a
specified price. The analysis of demand for water, including realistically forecasted
future levels of demand, is an important and critical step in the realization of a Master
Plan, for both water supply and sewer systems. This section presents the
methodology for assessing the evolution of water demand from present situation till
the design horizon. This methodology is based on the water balance defined by the
IWA and synthesized in the following table.
Table 4-1 Water balance according to IWA terminology
Own
sources
Total
system
input
volume
Water
exported
Authorised
Consumption
Invoiced
Authorized
Consumption
Invoiced water exported Revenue
Water
Water
supplied
Invoiced metered consumption
Invoiced unmetered consumption
Uninvoiced
Authorized
Consumption
Uninvoiced metered
consumption
Non-
Revenue
water
Uninvoiced unmetered
consumption
Water
imported Water losses
Commercial
losses
Unauthorised Consumption
(illegal connections…)
Customer metering inaccuracies
Physical
losses
Leakage on Mains
Leakage on Service Lines
Leakage & Overflows at Storage
The Water Demand includes the following components:
o Revenue water , including:
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• Invoiced exported water;
• Invoiced domestic consumption;
• Invoiced industrial consumption;
• Invoiced commercial and institutional consumption.
o Non-Revenue Water (NRW), including:
• Uninvoiced water (cleaning of the streets, public parks watering, fire
service...);
• Apparent losses such as illegal consumptions and accuracy errors of the
water meters;
• Real losses which correspond to pipe leaks.
Unrealistic projections could lead to inadequate priority and long-term investment
programs in terms of sizing of the facilities and can have serious consequences on the
functioning of water supply systems (insufficient/excessive pressures, dysfunction of
pumping stations and reservoirs, excessive residence time and low water quality...).
Numerous factors can directly or indirectly influence water demand. They are
synthesized in the following diagram.
Figure 4-1 Factors influencing water demand
Domestic consumption
o Connection rate and population served
The connection rate to water supply system is determined through the following
principles:
• For year 2011, this rate is the present rate provided by the ViKs;
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• For year 2021 and the following years, this rate is set to 100%;
• For year 2016, this rate is assessed by taking into account the current
situation and the on-going projects which will impact this rate (extension of
water supply systems…).
The population served is then deducted by multiplying the total population assessed
on the considered date by the connection rate assessed on the same date.
o Domestic per capita consumption
• Calculation of present permanent consumption per capita:
The present domestic consumption in 2011 is the average domestic consumption from
2009 till 2011 provided by the ViKs. The consumption per capita can then be deducted
from the previous value and from the official population data (census 2011).
It was noticed that for some of the settlements in the study area, this specific
consumption per capita per day reaches a very high level, up to 400 l/c/d and even
more. Additional investigations showed that these high rates are due to seasonal
factors, such as temporary agricultural works (grape harvest…), temporary population
having holiday homes... This temporary population not being accounted in the
population statistics from the census, the Consortium proposes the following
methodology:
� Calculation of consumption per capita based on average domestic
consumption from 2009 to 2011 and corresponding population data from the
same year;
� Identification of settlements affected by temporary consumption
(settlements with consumption per capita above 120 l/c/d );
� For settlements not concerned with such temporary consumption, calculation
of the permanent consumption per capita by averaging data from 2009 to
2011 (temporary consumption being null in this case);
� For settlements affected by temporary domestic consumption, permanent
consumption per capita is set to 120 l/c/d , the rest of the consumption
being considered as temporary consumption10.
• Calculation of permanent consumption per capita in 2038:
The permanent consumption per capita is set to 120 l/c/d (11)
• Calculation of the permanent consumption per capita for intermediate reference
dates (2016, 2021 and 2028):
Consumption per capita is assessed based on a linear interpolation between present
and 2038 values.
10 Example: Small village with consumption per capita (average from 2009 to 2011) equal to
220 l/day/inh., with 500 inhabitants. Then, the permanent consumption per capita will be
assumed to be 120 l/day/inh. and the rest, e.g. 100 l/day/inh. x 500 = 50 m3/day will be
considered as temporary domestic consumption.
11 According to Ordinance N°2 from March 2005 for “Des ign, construction and exploitation of
water supply systems”, see Appendix N°1.
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Note: Regarding the Macro-Affordability Model for the assessment of the proposed
investment programmes, the affordability criterion is that the monthly water bill should
not exceed 4% of the average monthly household income at a consumption level of
2.8 m3 per person per month (93.3 l/capita/day)(12).
o Average domestic consumption
It is proposed to assess the average domestic consumption as follows for each of the
reference dates:
• Calculation of the present domestic consumption: � Calculation of the permanent domestic consumption by multiplying
the consumption per capita on the considered date by the total
population served on the same date;
� For settlements affected by temporary domestic consumption,
calculation of temporary domestic consumption based on the
difference between average domestic consumption from 2009 to 2011
and previous permanent domestic consumption.
• Calculation of the domestic consumption in 2038: The main assumption is
that in 2038, all households will get house connection and reach the
reference per capita domestic consumption:
� Calculation of permanent domestic consumption based on
consumption per capita of 120 l /c/d(13) and permanent population
forecast in 2038;
� Calculation of temporary domestic consumption on the basis of
present assessed value and socio-economic forecast.
• Calculation of the permanent and temporary domestic consumptions for
intermediate reference dates (2016, 2021 and 2028) based on a linear
interpolation between present and 2038 values.
o Daily peak coefficient and domestic consumption
The daily peak consumption is assessed by multiplying the daily peak coefficient (5)
(see appendix 4-1) and the average domestic consumption.
o Hourly peak coefficient and domestic consumption
The hourly peak consumption is assessed by multiplying the hourly peak coefficient
(see appendix 4-1) and the daily peak domestic consumption.
Non-domestic consumption
It is proposed to apply the following principles:
o Categories: the non-domestic consumption is divided into three categories:
• Public facilities;
• Industrial;
• Agricultural.
12 According to the Terms of Reference, Art. 6.2 Macro-Affordability Assessment.
13 According to Ordinance N°2 from March 2005 for “Des ign, construction and exploitation of
water supply systems”, see Appendix N°1.
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o Calculation of non-domestic consumption in 2011:
• If the information for 2011 is known, the non-domestic water demand for
subsequent reference years is obtained by linear extrapolation, applying the
following two rates:
� Projected economic growth (based on data from International Institutions
like the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and Economist
Intelligence Unit);
� 1% of annual decrease of the initial consumption, as a consequence of a
water savings policy for businesses and public institutions.
• If the information is unknown for the year 2011, the non-domestic water
demand for subsequent reference years is assessed accordingly with the
following principles:
� For settlements with less than 2,000 inhabitants in 2011, the unit
consumption will be 12 litres/capita/day (10% of the target consumption
per capita), from which the non-domestic water demand is deducted by
multiplying this unit consumption by the estimated population of the
reference year for which it is calculated;
� For settlements with more than 2,000 inhabitants in 2011, the unit
consumption will be 40 litres/capita/day (14)(15), from which the non-
domestic water demand is deducted by multiplying this unit consumption
by the estimated population of the reference year for which it is
calculated.
Non-Revenue Water
Non-Revenue Water (NRW) is the sum of:
o Unbilled authorized consumption;
o Apparent losses (unauthorised consumption and customer metering
inaccuracies);
o Real losses (leakages).
Water losses are the sum of apparent losses and real losses. At the Master Plan
stage, the repartition between these two types of losses cannot be estimated.
The commercial losses should be reduced through targeted rehabilitation programs
which are defined in the Master Plan as well as through specific NRW Reduction
programs to be implemented by water supply and sewerage companies before the
reference year 2021.
In order to asses NRW on the reference dates, the following criteria are used:
o In the case of a new or rebuilt water supply network, the NRW Rate will be as
follows:
• 2011: 0% (non-existent network);
14 In conformity with Ordinance N°2 from March 2005 for “Design, construction and exploitation
of water supply systems”, Art 17.7, §(2). See Appendix N°1.
15 In conformity with the Operational Programme Environment 2007 – 2013, Requirements for
preparation of investment projects in agglomerations of between 2,000 and 10,000 PE.
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• 2016: 15% (new network);
• 2021 and 2028: linear interpolation between the values for 2016 and 2038;
• 2038: 20 %.
o In the case of an existing water supply network, the NRW Rate will be as
follows:
• 2011: present value provided by the ViKs and based on water loss
monitoring data (assessment based on water loss measurements carried out
by the VIK);
• 2016, 2021 and 2028.
� If no particular rehabilitation program is defined in the Master Plan, linear
interpolation between the values for 2011 and 2038, in relation with the
NRW reduction program to be implemented by the ViK.
� If specific rehabilitation program is defined, calculation of the NRW rate at
the date of rehabilitation based on 15% NRW rate for the rehabilitated
network and linear interpolation between the values for 2011 and 2038
for the rest of the network. • 2038: 25% (target for an existing network in operation)(16);
• Particular case: if, when calculated by linear interpolation, the NRW rate for
the reference year 2021 exceeds 35%, it is set at 35% for 2021 and the
value for 2016 is assessed through interpolation between present and 2021
values. The NRW rate for the reference year 2028 is subsequently set to
32%.
Note: Obviously, the reduction of NRW Rate is closely linked to the NRW reduction
programs implemented by the various ViKs. In fact, the NRW reduction programmes
to be implemented are designed so that the above-mentioned objectives are met.
Summary – Water supply component
The methodology for water demand forecast is summarized hereafter: ����������� ��� = (PresentorforecastedPopulation) × (Connectionrate)
������������ ��������� =(PresentorforecastedPopulation) × (PresentorforecastedConsumptionpercapitaperday) +(Presentorforecastedtemporaryconsumption)
�������������� ��������� = �Presentorforecastedvalueifknownor, ifunknown:Population × 12LPCDifPopulation < 2000��ℎ.Population × 40LPCDifPopulation > 2000��ℎ.
���� ��������� = (DomesticWaterConsumption) + (NonDomesticWaterConsumption)
��− ���������� = (Presentorforecastedwaterconsumption)(1 − PresentorforecastedNRWRate)
16 To maintain conformity with European Standards, the objective of 20% is kept but for a year
beyond 2038.
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��������� ����� = �WaterConsumption�+ (Non − RevenueWater) Note: LPCD = Litres Per Capita per Day
4.1.1.3.2. Technical design criteria
Water resources and Treatment
o Technical and Sanitary Criteria
Within the present Master Plan, the sanitary criteria required by the European Union
(EU Drinking Water Directive 98/83/EC) and the Government of Bulgaria (Ordinance
N°2 from March 2005 for “Design, construction and e xploitation of water supply
systems”) have to be met for all housings (Described in Ch.1).
o Technical Description of treatment processes
The following table summarizes the arguments for the different treatment processes
and gives a qualitative evaluation for the operation under general conditions. This
table does not summarize disinfection processes. It has to be noted that, when
treatment options are chosen, the type of treatment is to be discussed at the
Feasibility Study stage.
Table 4-2 Technical description of treatment processes (except nitrate issues)
Usual treatment Complementary treatment
Type Primary
Sedimentation
Sand
filtration
Coagulation +
Flocculation +
Settling
Filtration by
membranes
Activated
carbon +
Filtration
Aeration +
Filtration
KMnO4 +
Filtration
Type of
raw water
High turbidity
(>200NTU).
Used as pre-
treatment
Low
turbidity
(<2NTU)
with some
variation of
turbidity
Higher turbidity
(>2NTU) with
some variation
of turbidity
High turbidity
(<200NTU).
Used with
pre-treatment
Used with
presence of
organic matter
Used with
presence of
Iron or/and
manganese
Used with
presence of
Manganese
and/or Iron
Technical ⊕Very simple
technology
⊕Variation of
flow and load
possible
ΘLarge
surface
⊕Simple
technology
⊕Variation
of flow and
load
possible
⊕ Small
surface
⊕ Small surface
⊕Variation of
flow and load
possible
Θ Require
coagulant and
polymer
⊕High
treatment
standards
⊕ Compact
plant
ΘSophisticat
ed
technology
⊕Simple
technology
ΘRequire
regular
removing of
activated
carbon
⊕Simple
technology
Θ
ΘRequire
KMnO4,
which is
dangerous
product
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Usual treatment Complementary treatment
Type Primary
Sedimentation
Sand
filtration
Coagulation +
Flocculation +
Settling
Filtration by
membranes
Activated
carbon +
Filtration
Aeration +
Filtration
KMnO4 +
Filtration
Operationa
l
⊕Easy O&M
⊕ Low energy
input
⊕Easy
O&M
⊕ Low
energy
input
⊕ Low energy
input
ΘModerate
maintenance
costs
ΘModerate
O&M. Need
availability of the
operator staff.
⊕Energy
consumption
Θ Complex
technology
ΘComplex
O&M
⊕Easy O&M
⊕ Low energy
input
⊕Moderate
maintenance
costs
⊕Easy O&M
⊕ Low
energy input
⊕Moderate
O&M
⊕ Low
energy input
⊕Moderate
maintenance
costs
Economica
l
⊕Low
investment
costs
⊕Low O&M
costs
⊕Low
investment
costs
⊕Low O&M
costs
⊕Moderate
investment costs
⊕Moderate
O&M costs
ΘHigh
investment
costs
Θ High O&M
costs (energy
consumption)
⊕Moderate
investment
costs
⊕Low O&M
costs
⊕Moderate
investment
costs
⊕Low O&M
costs
⊕Moderate
investment
costs
⊕Moderate
O&M costs
Application �Rural areas
�Small-
medium-large
size WTP
�Rural
areas
�Small-
medium
size WTP
�Small-medium
size WTP
�Large WTP �Small-
medium-large
size WTP
�Small-
medium-
large size
WTP
�Medium-
large size
WTP
In case of high nitrate concentrations in raw water, three approaches are possible, as
summarized below (in order of application priority):
• Dismissal of the resource, applicable only if other resource are available or a
connection to other water systems is possible
• Blend the contaminated resource to quality compliant resources, in order to
obtain an acceptable nitrate concentration, applicable only if other resources
are available, upstream from the distribution to the serviced settlement
• Treatment in a nitrate removal plant:
o Chemical treatment with ion exchange resins, which is the preferred
treatment, particularly in rural areas (least costly option)
o Biological treatment, only in case of important design flow (costly
option)
o Technical Description of disinfection processes
The treatment will depend on the quality and length of the network.
The following table summarizes the arguments for the different disinfection processes
and gives a qualitative evaluation for the operation under general conditions.
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Table 4-3 Technical description of disinfection processes
Type UV Bleach Chlorinated
water Cl2g (Chlorine)
ClO (Dioxide
chlorine) Ozone
Network ⊕ Short and/or
clean network. In
good condition
and well-
maintained
network
⊕ Low and high
flow
⊕ All type of
network
⊕ Low flow
⊕ Long and/or
dirty network.
Defective and
poorly
maintained
network
⊕ Low flow
⊕ All type of
network
⊕ High flow
⊕ Long and/or
dirty network.
Defective and
poorly
maintained
network
⊕ High flow
⊕ Short and/or
clean network.
In good
condition and
well-
maintained
network
⊕ High flow
Technical ⊕Simple
technology
⊕Variation of
flow possible
⊕Simple
technology
⊕Variation of
flow possible
⊕ Easy to
conserve
bleach solution
⊕Simple
technology
⊕Variation of
flow possible
⊕ easy to
conserve
bleach solution
⊕Variation of
flow possible
ΘSophisticated
technology
Θ Dangerous
product: high
risk of
explosion.
Need important
rules of
security to
conserve it
⊕Variation of
flow possible
ΘSophisticated
technology
Θ Dangerous
product: high
risk of
explosion.
Need important
rules of
security to
conserve it
⊕Variation of
flow possible
ΘSophisticated
technology
Θ Dangerous
product: high
risk of
explosion.
Need important
rules of
security to
conserve it
Operational ⊕Easy O&M
Θ Moderate
energy
consumption
Θ Moderate
maintenance
costs
⊕Easy O&M
⊕ Low energy
consumption
⊕ Moderate
product cost
⊕ Easy O&M
⊕ Low energy
consumption
⊕ Moderate
product cost
⊕Moderate
energy
consumption
Θ Complex
and dangerous
technology
ΘComplex
O&M
⊕Moderate
O&M
⊕ Moderate
energy input
⊕Moderate
maintenance
costs
⊕High energy
consumption
Θ Complex
and dangerous
technology
ΘComplex
O&M
Economical ⊕Low
investment costs
⊕Low O&M
costs
⊕Low
investment
costs
⊕Low O&M
costs
⊕Moderate
investment
costs
⊕Moderate
O&M costs
Θ High
investment
costs (need
specific
storage)
⊕Moderate
O&M costs
⊕Moderate
investment
costs
⊕Moderate
O&M costs
ΘHigh
investment
costs
⊕Moderate
O&M costs
Application � medium-large
size WTP
�Rural areas
�Small-
medium-large
WTP
�Rural areas
�small-
medium WTP
�Medium-
large WTP
�Medium-
large WTP
�Medium-
large WTP
o Operational criteria
In order to guarantee an error-free function of the Water Treatment Plants, operational
aspects have to be considered for the different technical options, which have been
described above.
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A simple and comprehensive operation shall ensure that:
• the personnel can be trained quickly in operation and maintenance;
• the staff could intervene quickly in case of an emergency;
• the staff is able to identify operation problems early.
Furthermore, an operation concept shall assure that:
• the technical requirements concerning effluent standards can be met
permanently;
• the plant is operated economically;
• a maximum of accident prevention is foreseen.
If these precautions are not taken, any malfunction of a water treatment plant can
cause a sanitary damage (diseases) for humans. This damage can cause legal
actions such as claim of compensation.
Storage facilities
The dimensioning of the storage is made according to Ordinance N°2 from March
2005 for “Design, construction and exploitation of water supply systems” .
Network
According to Ordinance N°2 from March 2005 for “Des ign, construction and
exploitation of water supply systems”, several parameters were taken into account for
the dimensioning of the network .
Pumping stations
According to Ordinance N°2 from March 2005 for “Des ign, construction and
exploitation of water supply systems”, several parameters were taken into account for
the dimensioning of the network (.
Sewerage systems 4.1.1.4.
This section develops the design criteria, which were used for defining and designing
the proposed infrastructures for sewerage systems.
4.1.1.4.1. Dry weather discharges and pollution loads
The dry weather flows include the following components:
o Sanitary flows, generated by domestic and non-domestic customers;
o Ground Water Infiltration (GWI) flows, generated by the drainage of ground
water through the sewerage network;
o Runoff flows, generated by rainfall events in combined sewer systems.
The dry weather wastewater flows are determined by:
o The drainage factor of consumed water (proportion of water demand discharged
into the sewerage network);
o The groundwater infiltration rate;
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o The connection rate (proportion of water users connected to the sewerage
network).
o The network characteristics (combined or separated)
Unrealistic projections could lead to inadequate priority and long-term investment
programs in terms of sizing of the facilities and can have serious consequences on the
functioning of sewer systems (overflows occurring in Dry Weather Flow conditions,
overloading of the network and of the treatment facilities...).
Connection rate and connected population
The connection rate to sewerage system is determined as follows:
o For year 2011, this rate is the present rate provided by the ViKs;
o For settlements with over 2,000 inhabitants:
• For the reference years 2016 and 2021 the rate is set to 90% (or the 2011
rate if it is more important than 90%);
• For the following years, the rate ranges from 90 to 100% depending on the
proposed investment programmes.
o For the settlements with less than 2,000 inhabitants (17):
• For the reference year 2028, an intermediate value is determined depending
on the proposed investment programmes;
• For the reference year 2038, the rate is set, as a minimum, to 90%;
o Particular case: if a settlement is already connected (or if there is an existing
project for its connection) to a city of over 2,000 inhabitants, the connection rate
is set, as a minimum, to 90% for the reference year 2028. For the other
reference years, an intermediate value is determined based on the investment
programmes to be proposed.
The connected population is then deducted by multiplying the total population
assessed on the considered date by the connection rate assessed on the same date.
Domestic Wastewater discharges
o Wastewater generation factor and discharge rate
The wastewater generation factor, which corresponds to the ratio between wastewater
discharge and water consumption, is considered to be constant equal to 0.9 (18).
The wastewater discharge rate, which corresponds to the average daily wastewater
discharge per capita and per day, is assessed for each reference date by multiplying
the consumption per capita by the wastewater generation factor.
��������� ������ �� ��� = (Consumptionpercapita) × (wastewatergenerationfactor) o Average domestic wastewater discharge
17 According to the Terms of Reference and according to the European Directive 91/271/EEC,
settlements below 2,000 PE should be included in this study.
18 According to the Terms of Reference, Art. 5.1 Proposal of Basic Design Criteria, and
according to the effective Standards for design of sewerage systems of 1989, Art. 33
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It is proposed to assess the average permanent domestic wastewater discharge as
follows according to the Bulgarian norms (19), by multiplying the wastewater discharge
rate on the considered reference date by the total connected population on the same
date:
Q��,� =N × a
1000
Where:
• Qav,d is the daily average wastewater flow in m3 per day
• N is the connected population on the reference date
• a is the wastewater discharge rate in l/c/d
Moreover, for settlements affected by temporary domestic consumption, the
temporary domestic wastewater discharge is assessed by multiplying the
temporary domestic consumption (on the considered date) by the wastewater
generation factor and the connection rate.
DomesticWastewaterdischarge = �Wastewaterdischargerate�× �Population�+ �temporarydomesticconsumption�×�wastewatergenerationfactor�!× �WastewaterConnectionRate� o Common unevenness peak coefficient and hourly peak wastewater discharges
Common unevenness peak coefficient for sewerage systems is set as follows, in
accordance with Bulgarian norms (20): Q���,� = Q��,� × K����,�
Where:
• Qmax,h is the maximum hourly wastewater flow, in m3 per day
• Qav,d is the daily average wastewater flow in m3 per day
• К0 max,h is the coefficient for common unevenness, calculated as
follows:
K����,� = 1 +2.5
Q��,��.
Non-domestic wastewater discharges
Non-domestic wastewater discharge, comprising discharges from industries as well as
public-servicing buildings, is assessed based on:
o Non-domestic water consumption, comprising consumption from industries and
public-servicing buildings;
o Connection rate of the non-domestic consumers to the sewerage system;
19 Bulgarian Norms for design of sewerage systems, issued in 1990
20 Bulgarian Norms for design of sewerage systems, issued in 1990, Chapter 3, Part 1,
Article 34
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o Wastewater discharges from customers that have their own water supply
resource and are connected to the sewerage network;
o Wastewater generation factor;
o The average time of activity of the considered customer.
NonDomesticWastewaterDischarge = [(NonDomesticWaterConsumption) × (Non −domesticconnectionrate) + (WaterVolumesfromownresource)] ×(Wastewatergenerationfactor) × (Averagedailyactivitytime)/24
Groundwater and leakage infiltration discharge
Concerning the permanent groundwater and leakage infiltration discharge in sewerage
networks, in dry weather conditions, we propose to implement the following
methodology in accordance with the requirements for the preparation of investment
projects under priority axis 1 of OPE (Operational Programme – Environment 2007 -
2013) approved by the Minister Nona Karadzhova on 30.06.2010 (page 20):
o In case of available measurements and detailed study regarding the studied
sewerage system, it is proposed to take into account the results of the study
regarding the infiltration discharges to take into account for present situation
and to project it for reference dates based on the evolution of the area of the
catchment area;
o In case no such study is available, the methodology defined in the German
technical guidance – Document ATV/DWA – A128e is applied, e.g.
• Infiltration water are related to the total sewerage catchment area AC,s.
• The infiltration discharge in dry weather conditions is determined as follows
using a location-specific infiltration discharge rate qiw: "� = #� ∙ $�,
Where:
• qiw corresponds to the infiltration water discharge rate in dry weather
condition, which should be between 0.05 and 0.15 l/s/ha, depending on the
state of the sewerage network and the level of leakages in the water supply
system.
• AC,s corresponds to the area covered by the sewerage system
Pollution loads
In accordance with the Terms of Reference, the rates of pollution loads of domestic
wastewater are set as follows:
o BOD5 : 60 g/person/day;
o Suspended Solids : 70 g/person/day;
o Total Nitrogen : 11 g/person/day;
o Total Phosphorus : 2 g/person/day;
o COD: 120 g/person/day.
Pollutant concentrations of non-domestic wastewater will be based on Appendix 2 of
"Ordinance N°7 of November 14, 2000, for Conditions and order for discharge of
industrial waste waters in sewerage systems of settlements. Concerning hazardous
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contents, maximum permissible concentrations are based on Ordinance N°6 of
November 9, 2000 on emission standards for levels of dangerous substances in
wastewater discharged into water bodies.
Default values are set based on the intermediate values proposed by the State Energy
and Water Regulatory Commission, as of 31.12.2012 (II degree in the table below).
Concerning BOD5, the extreme values admissible is between 25 mg/l (in accordance
with I degree below), and 400 mg/l (in accordance with Ordinance n°7).
These values may be modified in the case of an apparent particular context, after
justification by an analysis of the existing situation in the settlement.
Table 4-4 Pollution loads depending on pollution degree
N Parameter Value (mg/l)
I degree
Value (mg/l)
II degree
Value (mg/l)
III degree
1. Non suspended solids ‹ 50 ‹ 300 › 300
2. BOD 5 ‹ 25 ‹ 200 › 200 3. COD Chemical oxygen demand ‹ 50 ‹ 400 › 400
Wastewater quality
It has to be noted that the wastewater quality needs to be assessed more in depth at
the Feasibility Study stage.
4.1.1.4.2. Stormwater discharges
Separate sewerage systems
In the case of separate sewerage systems, there is always a part of unavoidable
stormwater run-off entering the sewerage system, in relation with improper customer
connections (internal stormwater networks connected to the public wastewater
network) and other factors such as infiltration from the manhole covers…
In order to assess these unavoidable run-off flows, it is proposed to implement the
methodology detailed hereafter, compliant with Bulgarian Norms for design of
sewerage systems, issued in 1990:
o In case of available measurements and detailed study regarding the studied
separate sewerage system, it is proposed to take into account the results of the
study regarding the run-off flows in stormy weather conditions to take into
account for present situation;
o In case no such study is available, it is considered that the amount of
stormwater discharge, together with the groundwater infiltration into the
sewerage system, is equal to the hourly peak wastewater discharge:
Q��� = Q��,� × K����,�
Combined sewerage systems
In that case, stormwater flow is a normal component of the total discharge in the
sewers and is defined according to the rational method, in accordance with Bulgarian
Norms for design of sewerage systems, issued in 1990 .
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4.1.1.4.3. Synthesis of the design flows for sewerage systems
Based on the previous methodology, the following formula should be used in order to
determine the design flow for the elements of the separate sewer systems (gravity
collectors, pumping stations, pressure pipes…):
Q������ = 2 ∙ Q��,� ∙ K����,� + "���,�,�������� !
Regarding the combined sewer systems, the following formula should be used in order
to determine the design flow for the elements of the system (gravity collectors,
pumping stations, pressure pipes, storm overflows…):
Q������ = Q��,� ∙ K����,� + "���,�,�������� ! + "� + ""#
4.1.1.4.4. Technical design criteria
Gravity collectors
For gravity sewerage systems, two different systems can be implemented. While
combined sewer systems are designed to convey both wastewater and stormwater
flows, separate systems are designed in order to convey separately wastewater and
stormwater flows through different networks. For new networks, separate systems will
be usually preferred. Advantages and disadvantages are presented in appendix 4-2.
Designs were made in accordance with Bulgarian Norms for design of sewerage
systems, issued in 1990.
Pressure pipes
Designs were made in accordance with Bulgarian Norms for design of sewerage
systems, issued in 1990.
Pumping Stations
Designs were made in accordance with Bulgarian Norms for design of sewerage
systems, issued in 1990.
Storm overflows
Designs were made in accordance with Bulgarian Norms for design of sewerage
systems, issued in 1990.
Retention tanks
Designs were made in accordance with Bulgarian Norms for design of sewerage
systems, issued in 1990.
Wastewater treatment plant
o Technical and Environmental Criteria
Within the present Master Plan, the environmental criteria required by the European
Union and the Government of Bulgaria have to be met for all agglomerations with a
population equivalent of more than 2,000.
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Due to high risk of eutrophication and the risk of high concentrations of nitrates in
surface waters jeopardizing the quality of drinking water in the region, the territory of
Bulgaria has been classified as Sensitive Area. Technically the current law requires
the implementation of advanced treatment considering the additional removal of
nitrate and phosphorus for agglomerations with a population equivalent of more than
10,000.
o Technical Description of treatment processes
Treatment processes will depend on the inlet load which can be translated by
Population Equivalent (P.E.):
Table 4-5 Wastewater treatment system depending on the amount of Population Equivalent
P.E. Treatment System
0 – 5,000 SBR or Bio-rotating filters
5,000 – 50,000 Extended aeration
Above 50,000 - Activated sludge with
anaerobic stabilisation.
The following table summarizes the arguments for the different treatment processes
and gives a qualitative evaluation for the operation under general conditions.
Table 4-6 Technical description of wastewater treatment processes
Type Pond Systems Aerated
Lagoons
Trickling
Filter
Activated
Sludge
Treatment
(with digestion)
Extended
Aeration
Process
SBR Membrane
Technology
Technical ⊕Very simple
technology
ΘLimited
treatment
capacity
ΘLarge
surface
⊕Simple
technology
ΘLimited
nutrient
removal
Θ Nitrogen
removal not
possible
Θ No
integrated
sludge
stabilisation
⊕High
treatment
standards
⊕Sophisticated
technology
⊕Integrated
nutrient
removal
⊕Process
allows
integrated
sludge
stabilisation
⊕Process
allows
nitrification
Θ No
denitrification
⊕Very
compact
plant
ΘRequires
constant
flow + loads
⊕Very high
treatment
standard
ΘVery
sophisticated
technology
Operational ⊕Easy O&M
⊕Low energy
input
⊕Moderate
O&M
ΘHigher
energy
input
⊕process
allows easy
operation of
the plant
⊕Energy
consumption
Θ Complex
technology
⊕Process
allows easy
operation of the
plant
⊕Moderate
maintenance
costs
ΘHigher
energy
consumption
ΘVery
complex
O&M
ΘVery
complex O&M
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Type Pond Systems Aerated
Lagoons
Trickling
Filter
Activated
Sludge
Treatment
(with digestion)
Extended
Aeration
Process
SBR Membrane
Technology
Economical ⊕Low
investment
costs
⊕Low O&M
costs
⊕Low
investment
costs
ΘHigher
O&M costs
(energy)
⊕Moderate
investment
costs
⊕Low O&M
costs (energy
production)
ΘRelatively
high
investment
costs
⊕Moderate
investment
costs
ΘHigh
investment
costs
Θ High
investment
costs
Θ High O&M
costs
Application � Rural areas
� Developing
Countries
�Rural
areas
�Small-
medium size
WWTP
�Large
WWTP
�Small-
medium size
WWTP
�Industrial
application
�Industrial
application
�Application
for very
sensitive areas
o Operational Criteria
In order to guarantee an error-free function of the Wastewater Treatment Plants,
operational aspects have to be considered for the different technical options which
have been described above.
A simple and comprehensive operation shall ensure that:
• the personnel can be trained quickly in operation and maintenance;
• the staff could intervene quickly in case of an emergency;
• the staff is able to identify operation problems early.
Furthermore, an operation concept shall assure that:
• the technical requirements concerning effluent standards can be met
permanently;
• the plant is operated economically;
• a maximum of accident prevention is foreseen.
If these precautions are not taken, any malfunction of a wastewater treatment plant
can cause a substantial environmental damage (fish dying or eutrophication) in the
receiving water bodies. This damage can cause legal actions such as claim of
compensation. It is furthermore to be considered that biological processes, which
usually form the basis of appropriate municipal wastewater treatment options, need a
relatively long time to overcome breakdowns and to regain full treatment capacity.
Wastewater Sludge treatment
o Technical and Environmental Criteria
To choose the right sludge treatment, it is important to know the final destination of the
sludge. For example, if there are industries in the area, heavy metals are expected to
be found in the sludge. Sludge should be sent in land disposal.
If there are no major industries in the area, no heavy metals are expected to be found
in the sludge. Sludge could be used in agriculture as a fertilizer.
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o Technical Description of Treatment Processes
In order to minimize transportation cost and to facilitate sludge handling a sludge
dryness of 25% will be targeted.
Anaerobic digestion of the sludge or sludge drying requires high capital expenses
(CAPEX) and a technicality that is not thought to be relevant of the wastewater and
sludge treatment plant.
Table 4-7 Sludge treatment system depending on the amount of Population Equivalent
P.E Treatment system
0 – 5,000 Thickening or Dewatering
5,000 – 50,000 Dewatering
Above 50,000 Dewatering and stabilization
(required)
o Technical, Operational and Economic Criteria
The following table summarizes the arguments for the different treatment processes
and gives a qualitative evaluation for the operation under general conditions:
Table 4-8 Technical description of sludge treatment processes
Type Thickening Dewatering Stabilisation
Technical ⊕Very simple
technology
ΘSludge is still liquid
and difficult to
transport
⊕Simple technology
⊕Sludge is solid and
easy to transport
Θ Technology more
complicate
Θ Need reagent
Operational ⊕Easy O&M
⊕ Low energy input
⊕Moderate O&M
ΘHigher energy input
⊕Moderate O&M
⊕process allows easy
operation of the plant
Economical ⊕Low investment
costs
⊕Low O&M costs
ΘHigher investment
costs
ΘHigher O&M costs
(energy)
⊕Moderate
investment costs
ΘHigher O&M costs
(reagent and energy)
Application �WWTP with Drying
bed or other waste
treatment plant near
WWTP
�small size WWTP �Small-medium size
WWTP
Overview of possible final disposal routes
Wastewater treatment shall not be envisaged without thinking about the way of
handling the sludge that is produced during the wastewater treatment process. The
following features should be investigated when setting up sludge management plans.
o The quantity and the quality of the sludge, which differ depending on the
processes implemented at the WWTP;
o The local regulatory framework related to sludge management and disposal;
o The possibilities of considering sludge as a product and not only as a waste,
through adapted treatment and/or monitoring procedures.
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The main final sludge disposal routes, as can be experienced worldwide, are
presented in the following sections.
Figure 4-2 Presentation of main final sludge disposal routes
Each process for possible final disposal route is detailed in appendix 4-3.
Odour treatment facilities
o Description of the possible odour treatment processes
The main sources of odours in a WWTP are generally located at the following places:
• At the first stages of the wastewater treatment schemes (i.e. in the pre-
treatment building);
• Ιn the sludge treatment building and sludge storage facilities.
Odours are caused by various molecules that are released during the transformation
of wastewater, during its transport in the sewerage network, and the subsequent
wastewater and sludge treatment processes. These molecules can contain sulphide
(such as H2S and mercaptans), nitrogen (ammonia, methylamine, indole, etc.) or
oxygen (various acids) and are spread around the WWTP depending on the wind
direction and strength.
In order to limit odour spreading and to protect the neighbourhood from odours it is
recommended to install the pre-treatment works inside a building from which air is
extracted by dedicated fans and transferred to an air treatment facility. Similarly the
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extracted air from the sludge treatment facility would be directed to the air treatment
facility.
Air treatment can be performed in different ways. Chemical and biological and
physical processes can be differentiated as follows.
Physico-chemical treatment
It consists in transferring the molecules at stake from the gas phase to the liquid
phase in a reactor, where air is contacted with chemical solutions of different
characteristics thus allowing the phase transfer. The treated air is released into the
atmosphere while the liquid phase is generally sent back to the wastewater treatment
line.
Biological processes
They rely on the ability of a specific biomass – generally fixed to a supporting material
to degrade the molecules responsible for odours.
Physical processes
They include adsorption onto activated carbon surface, thermal oxidation and photo-
catalysis.
o Process selection
The same criteria apply for the air treatment process selection as for the wastewater
process selection. They are the following:
• Robustness;
• Flexibility;
• Cost-efficiency.
In the local context of Bulgaria it is therefore recommended to extract the air of
sensitive buildings and to transfer the polluted air to biological filters that do require
neither a high CAPEX nor a high OPEX since they are almost maintenance-free and
do not require any chemical.
The polluted air is distributed through the central cylindrical screen of the biofilter to
the filter media and evacuated through the external perforated fibre glass structure.
The filters are filled with special calibrated organic media that provides support for the
biomass to grow and also provides the necessary nutrients that the microorganisms
need in order to biodegrade the volatile pollutants. The lifespan of the filtering media is
5 years. Water is sprayed on top of the filters to provide the necessary humidity for the
microorganisms.
4.1.1.4.5. Climate change impact
Several scenarios have been developed trying to forecast the evolution of climatic
environment and its impact on the regional hydrologic conditions. The effects of a
possible climatic evolution are presented in Appendix 4-4.
Practically, in regions which could be submitted to a reduction of precipitation, the
options to be considered will have to include the improvement of water supply safety
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for places already enduring water scarcity or having a water use close to the
maximum potential of natural resource.
PROPOSED UNIT COSTS 4.1.2.
To calculate the investment costs for each investment measures, a Unit Cost Data
Base (UCDB) has been developed. This database is mainly based on the unit cost
database of the Ministry of Environment and Water, which was completed with
missing prices and slightly adjusted.
The calculated investment costs will be compared to cost estimates of available
designs projects, if existing. In case of major differences between cost estimates of
existing design projects and the Consultant’s cost estimate the most reasonable costs
will be retained (expert’s assessment).
The unit costs presented in below are net costs excluding VAT, constant price base
2011 in EURO.
Safety coefficients were applied in case of dense urban context, difficult geological
conditions, asphalt covering.
Water supply 4.1.2.1.
4.1.2.1.1. Investment costs
The following unit costs were considered in the framework of the project. Intermediate
values were interpolated based on a polynomial regression. The assets are ranging
from minimum to maximum values. A complete list is presented in appendix 4-5.
Table 4-9 Investment costs (Water Supply)
Description Unit Unit Cost (€)
Construction of well
Q = 5 l/s m 230.00 €
Q = 100 l/s m 765.00 €
Construction of Drinking Water Treatment Plant21
Capacity = 10 l/s U 300,000 €
Capacity = 2,500 l/s U 17,950,000 €
Supply and installation of water mains and distribution pipes
DN75 m 75.00 €
DN710 m 440.00 €
Supply and installation of service connection
Cost per service connection U 400.00 €
Construction of water tower
Capacity = 50 m³ U 70,000.00 €
Capacity = 15,000 m³ U 6,040,000.00 €
21 Costs refer to "classical" raw water treatment, including Flocculation/Sedimentation, filtration
and disinfection
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Description Unit Unit Cost (€)
Construction of ground reservoir
Capacity = 50 m³ U 45,000.00 €
Capacity = 15,000 m³ U 2,400,000.00 €
Construction of pumping station - H = 40 m
Capacity = 5 l/s U 24,000.00 €
Capacity = 100 l/s U 110,000.00 €
Construction of pumping station - H = 80 m
Capacity = 5 l/s U 49,000.00 €
Capacity = 100 l/s U 379,000.00 €
Implementation of District Metering Areas for leakage reduction and
operational management
Control Centre U 100,000.00 €
Network km 735.00 €
Facilities (production points, water
tanks and pumping stations) U 8,000.00 €
Local and detailed study of type: network diagnostic study and master
plan
Network diagnostic study and master
plan, minimum below 300 inhabitants
U
(number of
settlements)
10,000.00 €
Network diagnostic study and master
plan, above 300 inhabitants
U
(number of
inhabitants)
35.00 €
The other types of investments, such as rehabilitation of existing facilities, were
calculated on a case-by-case basis, as they strongly depend on the context and
general unit costs can be defined.
For settlements of less than 2,000 inhabitants, a solution must be found in the
following situations:
• Rate of Population not connected to a network of drinking water less than
100%;
• Problem of water quality;
• Problem of water scarcity.
The proposed work or study can be integrated into the short-term investment
programmes.
Moreover, the share of investment per type of material, which was considered is the
following:
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Table 4-10 Share of investment per type of material (Water Supply)
Infrastructure Pipes Civil
works
Mechanical
&Electrical
Equipment
Wells 70% 30%
Reservoirs 85% 15%
Water mains 100%
Pumping stations 60% 40%
4.1.2.1.2. Operation and maintenance costs for new assets and investments
Operation costs
o Pumping Stations
The operation costs related to pumping stations, which were considered are the
following:
Electricity costs*: 0.11 €/kWh or 0.043 €/m³/100m.
They were calculated either based on rate in €/m³/100mWC or with own assessment
of pump capacity and given electricity tariff.
o DWTP
Operation costs related to water treatment were assessed on a case-by-case basis as
they strongly depend on the type of pollution and of the treatment process.
Maintenance costs
The maintenance costs, which were considered, including staff (repair, material, etc.)
but excluding engineering costs, design and works supervision, as well as
replacement costs, are the following, expressed in % of investment costs per year:
o Water Mains: 0.15% / year;
o Distribution network: 0.50% / year;
o Civil works (Reservoirs, buildings, etc.): 0.50% / year;
o Equipment, machinery: 3% / year.
Wastewater 4.1.2.2.
4.1.2.2.1. Investment costs
The following unit costs were considered in the framework of the project. Intermediate
values were interpolated based on a polynomial regression. The assets are ranging
from minimum to maximum values. A complete list is presented in appendix 4-6.
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Table 4-11 Investment costs (Wastewater)
Description Unit Unit Cost
Supply and installation of gravity collectors
DN200 ml 165.00 €
DN2400 ml 2,300.00 €
Installation of service connections
Installation of service connection U 700.00 €
Construction of Pumping Station
Power = 5 kW U 12,000.00 €
Power = 5,000 kW U 324,500.00 €
Supply and installation of pressure pipes
DN63 m 28.00 €
DN400 m 144.00 €
Construction of Wastewater Treatment Plant22
Capacity = 2,000 PE U 1,650,000.00 €
Capacity = 150,000 PE U 12,100,000.00 €
Implementation of flow monitoring
Control Centre U 60,000.00 €
Network km 260.00 €
Facilities (overflows and pumping
stations) U 7,000.00 €
Local and detailed study of type: network diagnostic study and master
plan
Network diagnostic study and
master plan, minimum below 300
inhabitants
U
(number of
settlements)
15,000.00 €
Network diagnostic study and
master plan, above 300
inhabitants
U
(number of
inhabitants)
50.00 €
Settlements below 2,000 inhabitants
Zoning sanitation study, minimum
below 667 inhabitants
U
(number of
settlements)
10,000.00 €
Zoning sanitation study, above
667 inhabitants
U
(number of
inhabitants)
15.00 €
Establishment of a sanitation
system for settlements with less
than 2,000 inhabitants in
programs for medium and long
term
U
(number of
inhabitants
650.00 €
22 Cost refer to "classical" wastewater treatment, including pretreatment (screening, grit
removal, fat and grease removal…), primary treatment and secondary treatment (activated
sludge).
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The other types of investments, such as rehabilitation of existing facilities, were
calculated on a case-by-case basis as they strongly depend on the context and
general unit costs can be defined.
For settlements with less than 2,000 inhabitants, not connected to an agglomeration
with more than 2,000 inhabitants and with a rate of population connected to the
sewerage system less than 90%, a Sewerage Zoning study must be proposed into
short-term investment programmes. The Sewerage Zoning study will define collective
sanitation, small collective sanitation, autonomous sanitation and rainwater purification
systems zones for the studied settlements. The implementation of solutions presented
in the Sewerage Zoning study must be proposed into medium and long-term
investment programmes.
Moreover, the share of investment per type of material, which was considered, is the
following:
Table 4-12 Share of investment per type of material (Wastewater)
Infrastructure Distribution
network
Main
collectors
Civil
works* M&E
WWTPS 55% 45%
Main collector 100%
Pumping station 60% 40%
Sewerage Network 100% 100%
* 30% Buildings and 70% Facilities (as per requirements defined
by the National Regulator)
4.1.2.2.2. Operation and maintenance costs for new assets and investments
Operation costs
o Pumping stations
The operation costs related to pumping stations, which were considered, are the
following:
• Electricity costs*: 0.11 €/kWh or 0.026 €/m³** (0.01 – 0.05 €/m3)
* For specific pumping stations with more than 5 m elevation, calculation was done
based on electricity consumption.
** For pumping stations with up to 5 m elevation, the simplified cost estimate was
applied, based on annual pumped volume and the following rates:
� Flat areas with long distance transport and no gravity flow: 0.05 €/m³;
� Areas with good drainage and mainly gravity flow: 0.01 €/m³;
� Average (if no information available): 0.026 €/m³.
o Wastewater Treatment Plant
See below
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Maintenance costs
Wastewater Maintenance costs, which were considered for sewer network and
pumping stations, including staff (repair, material, etc.), but excluding engineering
costs, design and works supervision as well as replacement costs, are the following,
expressed in % of investment costs per year:
o Equipment, machinery: 3% / year;
o Main collector: 0.20% / year;
o Secondary sewer network: 0.60% / year;
o Civil works (buildings, etc.): 0.60% / year.
The average annual operation and maintenance costs related to Wastewater
Treatment Plants, all inclusive were assumed to be 4.5% / year of the investment
costs (see above).
GENERAL METHODOLOGY FOR OPTION ANALYSIS 4.1.3.
Objective 4.1.3.1.
The general objective of the option analysis is, for each identified deficiency in the
systems, to duly justify the proposed investment measures by considering other
alternatives, calculating and comparing costs and benefits and finally selecting the
most appropriate option considering technical, financial and environmental factors.
The process for such analysis is the following:
o Identification and screening of options for each water supply and wastewater
zone, the objective being to define the set of options or alternatives to be
compared;
o Evaluation of options, through NPV calculation and analysis of the key benefits
on health, environment, quality of service.
Identification and screening of options 4.1.3.2.
for each water supply and wastewater zones
Description of key deficiencies
The first step of the option analysis consists in synthesizing, for each of the
agglomerations in the study area, the key deficiencies identified through the
assessment of the existing situation.
Identification of potential options
Then, the potential options enabling to solve these deficiencies and the timeframe for
their implementation, depending on the urgency of rectification, must be clearly
identified. As far as possible, a minimum of 2 options must be considered for each of
the deficiencies to be solved.
Depending on the deficiency to be suppressed, the options can consist in:
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o Considering centralized / decentralized systems for water treatment (DWTP and
WWTP);
o Considering various tracings and configurations for the network to be
built/renewed;
Screening based of qualitative analysis – Advantage s / Disadvantages
The third step consists in performing a qualitative analysis of each of the potential
options previously selected and identifying their key advantages / disadvantages from
the technical, sanitary, operational, environmental and social points of view.
Selection of viable options to be further analysed
Then, the options to be evaluated are selected based on the results of the previous
analysis. Ideally, a minimum of 2 options should be considered for each option.
However, for some “trivial” investments, a unique option can be analysed but it should
then clearly be justified.
Evaluation of options 4.1.3.3.
Description of the necessary investments
For each of the options to be evaluated, the investments to be performed need to be
described and quantified in order to further evaluate their cost.
The “basic” design of each of the investments (capacity of pumping stations,
reservoirs, DWTP and WWTP, diameter of the pipes and collectors…) must be briefly
justified (reference to hydraulic / quality calculation).
Risk assessment (externalities - health, environmen tal…)
For each investment, risk assessment will be performed for each selected option in
order to compare them. Risk assessment consists, at the technical, operational,
sanitary, environmental and social levels, in:
o Determining which risks are likely to affect the project;
o Documenting the characteristics of each;
o Assessing the intensity of the impact (High / Medium / Low) and its probability of
occurrence (Unlikely / Probable / Very likely);
o Prioritizing these risks based on the previous parameters.
Cost assessment and financial evaluation
The methodology for cost assessment is the following:
o Assessment of the investment costs based on the Unit Cost Data Base (UCDB,
see 4.1.2) and on case-by-case basis for particular investments, such as
rehabilitation measures;
o Synthesis of the investment costs per category of investment:
• For Water Supply:
� Water Abstraction/Wells;
� Drinking Water Treatment Plant;
� Water Mains;
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� Distribution Network;
� Reservoirs and Tanks;
� Pumping Stations;
� Miscellaneous.
• For Sewerage:
� Waste Water Treatment Plant;
� Main Collectors;
� Sewerage Network;
� Pumping Stations;
� Miscellaneous.
o Assessment of the annual operation and maintenance costs for each of the
options and each category of investment (see 4.1.2).
Financial evaluation
Based on these costs, financial evaluation is then performed through NPV (Net
Present Value) calculation with the following parameters:
o Reference period: 2013 – 2038 (25 years);
o Discount rate: 5%;
o Considered lifespan23:
• Pipes: 50 years;
• Civil works : 45 years24;
• Electrical and mechanical equipment: 10 years.
o Renewal of the investment at the end its lifespan (equipment renewed every 10
years…);
o Residual value of the investment at the end of the reference period is assessed
by considering a linear decrease of its value through its lifespan.
Synthesis of selected option
By default, in case the risk levels are not too high and/or similar, the option with the
lowest NPV is selected for each investment.
A table is prepared for each of the investments emphasizing:
o The key deficiency that the investment enable to solve;
o For each evaluated option:
• The risk level;
• The investment and O&M costs;
• The NPV of the investment.
o Justification of the selected option, if it doesn’t have the lowest NPV, due to the
results of risk assessment.
23 As per requirements defined by the National Regulator
24 As per requirements defined by the National Regulator, assuming that Civil works consists of
30% Buildings and 70% Facilities.
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GENERAL METHODOLOGY FOR PHASING AND PRIORITIZATION 4.1.4.
Identification of measures 4.1.4.1.
All measures identified by the Consultant during its assessment are included into the
investment program. Projects for which financing has been approved are considered
as “on-going” and therefore have not been included into the investment program. A list
of all on-going measures is presented in appendix 1-1 of chapter 2.
Phasing of investments 4.1.4.2.
The identified investment measures have been grouped into the three investment
phases, based on the following criteria:
Phase 1: Short-term investment program
o All investments necessary to achieve compliance with Directive 91/271/EEC -
Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and the respective Bulgarian
legislation. This will include compliance with Article 3 of the UWWTD
(wastewater collection) and Article 4 of the UWWTD (wastewater treatment) as
well as measures necessary to ensure effective operation of the systems;
o All investments necessary to achieve compliance with the Directive 98/83/EC –
Drinking Water Directive (DWD) and the respective Bulgarian legislations. This
will include all measures aiming to remediate major deficiencies related to water
quality and water quantity.
Phase 2: Medium-term investment program
o Investment measures aiming to improve efficiency of the systems (NRW
reduction, energy efficiency);
o Rehabilitation of water supply and wastewater systems to ensure sustainability
(replacement of assets);
o Priority replacement of networks (i.e. asbestos cement pipes, pipes with high
number of bursts);
o Improvement of the level of service (i.e. pressure, shortages…).
Phase 3: Long-term investment program
o All other measures not mentioned above;
o Continuation of measures started in Phase 2 (i.e. measures aiming to reduce
water losses, infiltration into sewer networks, etc).
Prioritization of investment measures 4.1.4.3.
Priorities of investment measures will be defined by the Ministry according to the
European Directives and applied at national level.
A prioritization system based on five criteria has been set up and is presented in
appendix 4-7.
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4.2. OPTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE WATER SUPPLY
SYSTEM
STRATEGY FOR THE WATER LOSSES MINIMISATION PROGRAM 4.2.1.
The water losses minimisation program is based on four principles, namely:
• Active search of leaks;
• Quick reaction for removal of identified leaks;
• Pressure management and control;
• Target management of assets.
First, it is necessary to define the extent of physical and commercial losses.
However, a program for minimisation of water losses could be successful if it is based
on real situation and specific context. Besides, the approach should include also other
system parameters.
The state of the drinking water systems in Bulgaria and particularly on the territory of
„Vodosnabdiyavane i Kanalizatsiya” OOD - Kardzhali is critical. It can be summarised
as follows:
• Low reliability of water metering at the clients, leading to great uncertainty of
the real extent of physical and commercial losses;
• High level of losses assessed;
• The larger part of the pipes are obsolete, often oversized and in general made
of asbestos cement. This a precondition for substantial risks for public health
(asbestos), as well as for long retention of water - for more than 48 hours,
which creates bacteriological risk (oversized design).
• The number of the illegal connections is based on assumptions made by the
operators and the municipalities, leading to great uncertainty of the real extent
of physical and commercial losses.
In this context, a strategy is proposed, based mainly on target management of assets,
namely:
• Recommendation: The operators should have a policy on management and
replacement of the water meters depending on their age (recommended
maximum between 10 and 14 years), on the efficiency of metering (the size of
the water meter should be designed according to the client’s consumption)
and on the quality of installation and monitoring. The same policy should apply
also for metering points on the external water supply system (the age for
replacement depends on the material). This is an important recommendation,
however it is not integrated because evaluation is not possible, as well as
because of the fact that the program should be financed by the operators.
• Application of priority measure: Replacement /renovation/ rehabilitation of
pipes. This is the only measure that could significantly reduce both physical
losses and health risks (simultaneous removal of asbestos cement pipes and
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new size design). Besides, the implementation of a policy on systematic
replacement of service connections facilitates the localisation of illegal
connections, therefore reduces commercial losses.
• The second step proposed for the big water systems consists in
implementation of the principle for pressure control. In fact, the extent of
physical losses can be significantly reduced through installation of
independent pressure regulators in appropriate (possible) points (without
using external force). The role of these regulators is to reduce pressure in low
consumption periods (usually during the night) and to allow bigger pressure
during peak periods. The extent of losses theoretically depends on the
diameter and the shape of the pipe, of the material it is made of as well as on
the water pressure.
• Finally, in medium term and in long term, the consultant proposes applying the
principle for diagnostics and on-going monitoring of the flow, the pressure and
the water level at the production point, but to work on strategic points of the
distribution network. This ensures the establishment of a permanent system
for sectorisation. Based on the results of the internal monitoring, it is possible
to conduct survey programs and removal of leaks. This principle is applicable
only when the real extent of the losses is within the acceptable limits (below
30-35%) in order to achieve efficiency of approximately 80-90%.
STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVES FOR WATER SUPPLY FOR THE MAIN 4.2.2.
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS
The consultant reviewed all the possible alternatives for the water supply systems
mentioned in the item 3.4, served by “ViK” OOD - Kardzhali with regard to their
advantages and disadvantages. The results are presented in the following items.
DEFINING THE ALTERNATIVES FOR THE WATER SUPPLY 4.2.3.
SYSTEMS (ZONES)
Table 4-13 Review of the alternatives – external water supply systems of the town of Kardzhali, the
town of Momchilgrad, the town of Krumovgrad, the town of Ardino, the town of Dzhebel and the village
of Benkovski
Water supply zone Description of
main deficiencies Defining
alternatives First
review Motivation of the selection
Kardzhali
There are no options identified
Momchilgrad
There are no options identified
Krumovgrad
There are no options identified
Ardino
There are no options identified
Dzhebel
There are no options identified
Benkovski There are no
options identified
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STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVES FOR THE DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS 4.2.4.
The distribution networks of the settlements within the designated territory serve 100%
of the population; however, it does not mean that these are 100% completed. In many
places, clients are supplied but there is no street water main. The clients are supplied
from a nearby service connection or deviation that crosses private properties. In this
case, it is necessary, with the future development of the water supply network, to
construct street water mains where these are missing; this means that construction of
new water supply networks is envisaged. Having in mind the average rate of non-
revenue water at the WSS Company reaching 50%, investments shall be needed in
order to achieve the target of 32% NRW in 2012 and 25% in 2038
Table 4-14 Replacement of the distribution network in the period 2014 -2038
Water supply
systems
existing –
total length
Average
diameter
Replaceme
nt of pipes
– short-
term
Replaceme
nt of pipes
– medium-
term
Replacement
of pipes –
long-term
Replace
ment of
pipes -
total
km mm km km km %
Kardzhali 88.3 140 1.0 17.3 55.3 83.3
Momchilgrad 22.4 110 - 7.5 7.2 65.5
Krumovgrad 17.1 110 5.8 4.6 13.9 142.2*
Ardino 25.9 90 5.3 4.0 5.9 58.8
Dzhebel 19.4 90 5.7 6.9 8.3 108.1*
Benkovski 8 90 7.5 1.3 4.7 169.5*
Total for WSS
Operator 181.1
24.4 42.6 95.3 89.6
*N.B.: The share (%) of total replaced pipes is over 100%, due to completion of the
networks and achieving 100% completion.
4.3. OPTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WASTEWATER
SYSTEM
STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVES FOR WASTEWATER SYSTEMS 4.3.1.
As mentioned in Chapter 3, all surface water receiving bodies on the territory of
„Vodosnabdyavane i Kanalizatsiya” OOD – Kardzhali are included in the list of
„sensitive zones” (Arda River and its tributaries). The consultant reminds that
according to 91/271/ЕЕС Directive, WWTP with capacity above 10 000 P.E.,
discharging wastewater in „sensitive zones”, should be equipped with tertiary
treatment unit for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In order to comply with European
norms, all WWTPs on the territory of „ViK“ OOD – Kardzhali should respect the
following maximum concentrations in treated water:
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Table 4-15 Maximum concentration in treated water
Parameter Maximum concentration
in treated water
BOD5 25 mg/l
COD 125 mg/l
N* 15 mg/l
P* 2 mg/l
*Concentration, required for WWTP, treating more than 600 kg BOD5 per day.
Defining alternatives 4.3.1.1.
Scope of the alternatives
The scope of discussed alternatives includes:
• agglomerations of more than 2000 inhabitants;
• agglomerations of less than 2 000 inhabitants, which can be included in
existing or future WWTP.
Agglomerations, concerned by the alternatives
The table here below shows the agglomerations, for which treatment of wastewater
(without wastewater from public and industrial activities) is envisaged as well as their
population.
Table 4-16 Agglomerations, concerned by the alternatives (population)
Agglomerations Settlements, included in the agglomeration
Population in 2011
Forecast for 2016
Forecast for 2021
Forecast for 2028
Forecast for 2038
KARDZHALI
town of Kardzhali 43,880 42,957 42,065 40,763 38,631
village of Rezbartsi 696 753 814 913 1,110
village of Prileptsi 317 327 338 354 384
village of Opalchensko 937 941 949 957 942
village of Ayrovo 617 612 606 599 586
village of Petlino 298 294 290 284 274
village of Sipey 444 448 452 457 467
MOMCHILGRAD town of Momchilgrad 7,831 7,769 7,708 7,617 7,465
KRUMOVGRAD
town of Krumovgrad 5,070 4,982 4,896 4,770 4,563
village of Vransko 683 711 739 782 863
village of Polkovnik Zhelyazovo
601 631 661 710 800
ARDINO town of Ardino 3,493 3,378 3,268 3,110 2,857
DZHEBEL
town of Dzhebel 3,093 3,244 3,399 3,546 3,673
village of Paprat 143 136 129 119 104
village of Tyutyunche 103 96 89 81 67
village of Podvrah 104 101 107 110 99
village of Chakaltsi 63 61 65 71 84
BENKOVSKI village of Benkovski 2,121 2,170 2,173 2,183 2,221
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The table here below shows the potential number of population equivalent (defined by
the Consultant in item 4.1.1.4) of the agglomerations, concerned by the alternatives
(including public and industrial activities).
Table 4-17 Agglomerations, concerned by the alternatives (potential number of P.E.)
Agglomerations
Settlements, included in
the agglomeration
Potential
number of
P.E. in 2011
Potential
number of
P.E. 2016
Potential
number of
P.E. in 2021
Potential
number of
P.E. 2028
Potential
number of
P.E. 2038
KARDZHALI
town of Kardzhali 48,377 48,484 48,566 48,923 49,921
village of Rezbartsi 696 753 814 913 1,110
village of Prileptsi 317 327 338 354 384
village of Opalchensko 937 941 949 957 942
village of Ayrovo 617 612 606 599 586
village of Petlino 298 294 290 284 274
village of Sipey 444 448 452 457 467
MOMCHILGRAD town of Momchilgrad 8,574 8,652 8,747 8,921 9,269
KRUMOVGRAD
town of Krumovgrad 5,526 5,496 5,526 5,561 5,658
village of Vransko 683 711 739 782 863
village of Polkovnik
Zhelyazovo 601 631 661 710 800
ARDINO town of Ardino 3,698 3,611 3,663 3,676 3,664
DZHEBEL
town of Dzhebel 3,300 3,490 3,699 3,960 4,252
village of Paprat 143 136 129 120 105
village of Tyutyunche 103 96 92 84 69
village of Podvrah 104 101 107 110 99
village of Chakaltsi 63 61 67 73 87
BENKOVSKI village of Benkovski 2,152 2,209 2,265 2,311 2,399
The review of the strategic alternatives for treatment of wastewater has been
conducted based on the methodology, established in Chapter 4.1.1. The results of the
review are presented in the table here below, where the number of population
equivalent includes public and industrial activities:
Table 4-18 Review of the alternatives for centralised or decentralised WWTP
Agglomeratio
n
code
Name of
agglomeratio
n
Population
equivalent
for the year
of design
Group code Group name
Population
equivalent
for the year
of design
Comments
WW05
Kardzhali
58,525
/for 2041 –
end of
useful life/
BGAG40909_00 KARDZHALI
58,525/for
2041 – end
of useful
life/
On-going
project for
WWTP -
Kardzhali
village of
Rezbartsi
village of
Prileptsi
village of
Opalchensko
village of
Ayrovo
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Agglomeratio
n
code
Name of
agglomeratio
n
Population
equivalent
for the year
of design
Group code Group name
Population
equivalent
for the year
of design
Comments
village of
Petlino
village of
Sipey
WW06 Momchilgrad 11,268
/for 2011 / BGAG48996_00 MOMCHILGRAD
11,268
/for 2011//
On-going
project for
WWTP -
Momchilgrad
WW04
Krumovgrad 5,658
BGAG39970_00 KRUMOVGRAD
7,321
Prepared FS
and PD for
WWTP
Krumovgrad
Distances up to
3 km, gravity.
Polkovnik
Zhelyazovo 800
Vransko 863
WW01 Ardino 3,664 BGAG00607_00 ARDINO 3,664 Prepared FS for
WWTP Ardino
WW02
Dzhebel 4,252
BGAG20746_00 DZHEBEL 4,612
Prepared FS for
WWTP Dzhebel
Distances - up
to 4 km gravity;
Financial
analyses is
required
Paprat 105
Podvrah 99
Tyutyunche 69
Chakaltsi 87
WW 03 Benkovski 2,399 BGAG03825_00 BENKOVSKI 2,399
Prepared FS for
WWTP
Benkovski
Settlements, not concerned by the alternatives
For the settlements, not concerned by any of the categories, for which the population
connectivity rate (wastewater network) is below 90%, it is proposed to carry out
studies of the wastewater zones in the short-term investment program. As mentioned
in section 4.1.2.2 „The Study of the wastewater zones shall identify the best options
among joint wastewater network, small collection wastewater network, independent
wastewater network and systems for treatment of stormwater for the studied
settlements“. Then the solutions, presented in the Study of the wastewater zones,
shall be proposed for approval in medium-term and long-term investment programs.
For „ViK” OOD - Kardzhali shall be carried out Studies of wastewater zones in the rest
of the settlements (the settlements of the service territory, except for the 6, concerned
by the alternatives, listed in table 4-18). The table here below summarises the scope
of the Studies of wastewater zones:
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Table 4-19 Scope of the studies of wastewater zones
Number
Total population
2016
Total concerned settlements 238 83,673
Settlements between 0 and 666 inhabitants 218 64,105
Settlements between 667 and 2 000 inhabitants 20 19,568
Sludge management 4.3.1.2.
This chapter includes all urban wastewater treatment plants, constructed or previewed
for construction in the short-term, medium-term or long-term programs.
The methods for treatment of sludge and the options for their final reuse are
described in details in the chapter dedicated to the methodology (section 4.1.1.4.4
Technical criteria for design, subsection Treatment of wastewater sludge).
In Bulgaria, the final destination of the sludge in almost all cases is the transportation
and disposal on waste landfills. However, in some cases the sludge is being improved
after its decomposition (usually vermiculture) in order to use it for the soil (not in
agriculture).
This situation comes from the fact that, first, non-domestic discharges are not
controlled by the operators (risk of pollution of sludge) and, second, to the fact that
there are no studies conducted on the perspectives of management of sludge for use
in the agriculture.
These studies and actions are covered by the feasibility studies and the design (or
special studies) and are not included as a part of the present Master plan. Therefore,
the investment programs of the Consultant does not include such measures.
However, the Consultant recommends the future feasibility studies and design to
follow this idea but also to initiate specific study for actions on the national level and
identify several pilot projects.
The consultant recommends possible alternatives for management of sludge for future
feasibility and design studies, as well as for initiating a special study for actions on
the national level with several pilot projects.
The above mentioned study includes several components:
• Analyses and proposed changes in the regulations concerning the
management of sludge in Bulgaria;
• Assessment of the state of the industry in the pilot projects;
• Assessment of the existing management of sludge in the pilot projects;
• Defining the possible use in the agriculture of the pilot projects;
• Future interaction with potential users;
• Socio-economic measures and communication for creating awareness of
the concerned public;
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• Education on projects.
Cooperation in the implementation of the contracts between the operators and the
end users of wastewater sludge. The consultant recommends integrating the reuse of
treated water from WWTP with this approach for management of sludge.
The consultant recommends selecting one or several pilot projects on the territory of
„Vodosnabdiyavane i Kanalizatsiya” OOD - Kardzhali.
Assessment of the alternatives for 4.3.1.3.
Agglomeration Kardzhali
For agglomeration Kardzhali there is an on-going project for construction of a WWTP
and investments are not envisaged. It includes six settlements, located in immediate
vicinity of the town of Kardzhali.
Table 4-20 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Kardzhali
Code/ Group
name Alternatives Description Investments
BGAG40909_00
KARDZHALI
Alternative 1 –
Centralised
WWTP Kardzhali
One WWTP.
Settlements included –
village of Rezbartsi,
village of Prileptsi,
village of Opalchensko,
village of Ayrovo, village
of Petlino, village of
Sipey
There is an on-going
project.
Financial and economic assessment
Based on the assumptions made, the financial and economic assessment shows the
following results.
Table 4-21 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Kardzhali
Parameter Alternative 1
Investment costs in €
- Investment costs for WWTP Kardzhali Under project,
No investments
Operation & Maintenance costs in € (total for 30 years) 11,872,744
NPV for discount rate of 5 % in € Not applicable
Assessment of the alternatives for 4.3.1.4.
Agglomeration Momchilgrad
For Agglomeration Momchilgrad there is an on-going project for construction of a
WWTP and investments are not envisaged. The settlements near the town of
Momchilgrad have population below 1000 inhabitants, with trend for decreasing, no
wastewater network is constructed and they are located more than 2 km away from
UWWTP. This is the reason why no alternative for connection of other settlements to
Momchilgrad is discussed.
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Table 4-22 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Momchilgrad
Code/ Group
name Alternatives Description Investments
BGAG48996_00
MOMCHILGRAD
Alternative 1 – Centralised
WWTP Momchilgrad
One WWTP.
There is no possibility for
connecting other settlements
There is an on-
going project.
Financial and economic assessment
Based on the assumptions made, the financial and economic assessment shows the
following results.
Table 4-23 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Momchilgrad
Parameter Alternative 1
Investment costs in €
- Investment costs for Momchilgrad WWTP Under project,
no investments
Operation & Maintenance costs in € (total for 30 years) 4,754,840
NPV for discount rate of 5 % in € Not applicable
Assessment of the alternatives for 4.3.1.5.
Agglomeration Krumovgrad
For WWTP Krumovgrad there are prepared: preliminary design and feasibility studies.
There is an option retained for centralised WWTP and possibility to connect the village
of Vransko and the village of Polkovnik Zhelyazovo. These two settlements have
approximately 50% constructed wastewater network and constructed leading
collectors, respectively from the village of Vransko - to the wastewater network of the
town of Krumovgrad and from the village of Polkovnik Zhelyazovo - to leading collector
of the town of Krumovgrad. Therefore, decentralised alternative is not discussed.
There is no possibility to connect other settlements, having in mind their location,
terrain features, number of population, degree of completion of the wastewater
network.
Table 4-24 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Krumovgrad
Code/ Group
name Alternatives Description Investments
BGAG39970_00
KRUMOVGRAD
Alternative 1 –
Centralised
WWTP
Krumovgrad
One WWTP.
Settlements included –
village of Polkovnik
Zhelyazovo, village of
Vransko
Construction of one WWTP
for 7,321 P.E.
Financial and economic assessment
Based on the assumptions made, the financial and economic assessment shows the
following results. Detailed calculations are presented in Appendix 4-25.
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Table 4-25 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Krumovgrad
Parameter Alternative 1
Investment costs in €
- Investment costs for construction of WWTP Krumovgrad in € 3,021,917
Operation and maintenance costs in € (total for 30 years) 4,079,587
NPV for discount rate of 5 % in € Not applicable
Assessment of the alternatives for 4.3.1.6.
Agglomeration Ardino
The Feasibility study conducted in 2012 does not propose and discuss another
alternative for Agglomeration Ardino besides the centralised one – construction of
WWTP on the regulated territory of the town of Ardino. Decentralised alternative is not
acceptable due to several factors: settlements located nearby (village of Bistrogled –
37 inhabitants; village of Pravdolyub – 178 inhabitants) have small population (with a
trend to decrease); no wastewater network is constructed; complex terrain
configuration – leading collectors more than 2 km long in heavily broken area.
Table 4-26 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Ardino
Code/ Group
name Alternatives Description Investments
BGAG00607_00
ARDINO
Alternative 1 –
WWTP Ardino
1 WWTP
There is no possibility
for connecting other
settlements
Investments for construction of
WWTP Ardino with capacity 3,664
P.E.
Financial and economic assessment
Based on the assumptions made, the financial and economic assessment shows the
following results:
Table 4-27 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Ardino
Parameter Alternative 2
Investment costs in €
- Investment costs for construction of WWTP Ardino in € 2,199,380
Operation and maintenance costs in € (total for 30 years) 2,969,163
HHC for discount rate of 5 % in € Not applicable
Assessment of the alternatives for 4.3.1.7.
Agglomeration Dzhebel
The table here below shows the investments needed for centralised and decentralised
alternative:
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Table 4-28 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Dzhebel
Code/ Group
name Alternatives Description Investments
BGAG20746_00
DZHEBEL
Alternative 1 –
Centralised
WWTP Dzhebel
1 WWTP for 4,612
P.E.
Construction of gravity collectors:
- from the village of Paprat to the village of
Tyutyunche – 0.99 km;
- from the village of Tyutyunche to the town of
Dzhebel – 1.25 km;
- from the village of Podvrah to the village of
Chakaltsi – 0.45 km;
- from the village of Chakaltsi to leading
collector – 0.3 km;
- leading collector from the town of Dzhebel to
WWTP – 0.997 km
Alternative 2 -
Decentralised
5 WWTP
Construction of WWTP - Dzhebel for 3,809 P.E.
Construction of WWTP - Paprat for 105 P.E.
Construction of WWTP - Tyutyunche for 69 P.E.
Construction of WWTP - Podvrah for 99 P.E.
Construction of WWTP - Chakaltsi for 87 P.E.
The main difference between the alternatives described above is summarised in the
table here below.
Table 4-29 Differences between Alternative 1 and Alternative 2 for Agglomeration Dzhebel
Alternative investment Operation and maintenance
Alternative 1 1 WWTP for 4 612 P.E..
Gravity leading collectors 4 km.
Lower investment costs
Lower operation and maintenance
costs;
More efficient treatment of wastewater;
Positive effect on health and
environment in the short-term period
(compared to the medium-term or long-
term effect in alternative 2)
Alternative 2 5 WWTP
Higher investment costs;
Higher operation and maintenance
costs
The table here below shows the identified alternatives comparing their advantages
and disadvantages.
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Table 4-30 Assessment of the alternatives for Agglomeration Dzhebel
existing
assets
Description of main
deficiencies
Defining
alternatives Motivation of the selection
Wastewater
network town
of Dzhebel
(87%
population
connectivity
rate)
For the four smaller
settlements, no
wastewater network
is constructed, small
number of population
(with a trend to
decrease).
It is necessary to
construct a WWTP
Dzhebel.
1. Centralised (1
WWTP-Dzhebel)
Advantages:
better treatment of wastewater;
Lower investment costs;
Lower operation and maintenance costs.
Disadvantages:
For the four smaller settlements, no
wastewater network is constructed, and
the transportation of wastewater from the
village of Paprat and the village of
Tyutyunche for long distances for small
volumes is unprofitable.
Motivation of the selection: for the town
of Dzhebel there is a prepared project for
reconstruction and extension of the
wastewater network and construction of
WWTP. The priority is to construct a
WWTP for agglomerations of more than
2,000 P.E.. The investment costs, as well
as the operation and maintenance costs
are lower.
2. Decentralised
(construction of 5
local WWTP )
Advantages:
No need for construction of several
longer leading collectors.
Disadvantages:
Higher investment costs;
Higher operation and maintenance costs;
For settlements with population that
small there is no priority or benefit in
constructing local WWTP;
inefficient and not well functioning
treatment process
Comparing (reviewing) the above mentioned alternatives (See Appendix 4-8) shows
that Alternative 1: Centralised alternative is actually applicable, therefore only
Alternative 1 is proposed for financial assessment.
Financial and economic assessment
Based on the assumptions made, the financial and economic assessment shows the
following results:
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Table 4-31 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Dzhebel
Parameter Alternative 1
Investment costs:
- Investment costs for construction of WWTP Dzhebel in € 2,444,386
Operation & Maintenance costs in € (total for 30 years) 3,299,922
NPV for discount rate of 5 % in € Not applicable
Retained alternative
Alternative 1 is retained - Centralised alternative as the only one possible and justified.
Assessment of the alternatives for 4.3.1.8.
Agglomeration Benkovski
The village of Benkovski has a wastewater network constructed that covers 45 % of
the population. There is a project prepared: Feasibility study in 2012. According to
this study and the analyses of the Consultant, it can be concluded that there is no
possibility to connect other settlements. The settlements near the village of Benkovski
have very small population, there are located too far for gravity collection of
wastewater, no wastewater network is constructed. This is the reason why no
alternative is proposed for connecting the settlements to Benkovski.
Table 4-32 Description of the strategic alternatives for Agglomeration Benkovski
Code/ Group name Alternatives Description Investments
BGAG03825_00
BENKOVSKI
Alternative 1 –
WWTP
Benkovski
1 WWTP
There is no possibility
for connecting other
settlements
Investments for construction of
WWTP Benkovski with capacity
2,399 P.E.
Financial and economic assessment
Based on the assumptions made, the financial and economic assessment shows the
following results:
Table 4-33 Financial assessment of alternative 1 for Agglomeration Benkovski
Parameter Alternative 1
Investment costs:
- Investment costs for construction of WWTP Benkovski in € 1,810,834
Operation and maintenance costs in € (total for 30 years) 2,444,625
NPV for discount rate of 5 % in € Not applicable
Proposed alternatives 4.3.1.9.
Based on the results from the above mentioned comprehensive analyses of the
alternatives, the table here below shows the final list of the agglomerations.
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Table 4-34 Final list of the agglomerations and the groups
Agglomeration
Code
Name of the
settlement
Population
equivalent Group code Group name
Requirements
concerning WWTP
and leading
wastewater pipes
WW05
Kardzhali
58,525 BGAG40909_00 KARDZHALI
WWTP-–on-going
project, no
investments
Rezbartsi
Prileptsi
Opalchensko
Ayrovo
Petlino
Sipey
WW06 Momchilgrad 11,268 BGAG48996_00 MOMCHILGRAD
WWTP –on-going
project, no
investments
WW04
Krumovgrad
village of
Polkovnik
Zhelyazovo
village of
Vransko
7,321 BGAG39970_00 KRUMOVGRAD
Construction of WWTP
Krumovgrad - in the
short-term program
WW01 Ardino 3,664 BGAG00607_00 ARDINO
Construction of WWTP
Ardino – in the short-
term program
WW02 Dzhebel 4,612 BGAG20746_00 DZHEBEL
Construction of WWTP
Dzhebel - in the short-
term program
WW03 Benkovski 2,399 BGAG03825_00 BENKOVSKI
Construction of WWTP
Benkovski - in the
short-term program
ALTERNATIVES FOR WASTEWATER NETWORKS 4.3.2.
Management of non-domestic 4.3.2.1.
wastewater
The present chapter concerns all the types of non-domestic wastewater in the
wastewater network of the settlements. However, it does not take in account the
industrial companies, discharging their wastewater directly in the receiving body, as
the authority responsible for this is RIEW. The recommendations listed here below
concern only the industrial companies, discharging into the wastewater collection
system.
The implementation of the present Master plan shows that, in general, the WWS
companies do not cope with the management of such wastewater.
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The specificity and the quantity of these wastewater have significant impact on the
management of the wastewater collection systems and WWTP. They have impact
also on the treated water and sludge, as their quality directly affects the possible
options for reuse (p.ex. in the agriculture) and their final destination.
The framework of the Master plan does not include the study of each separate case.
However, it is possible to make a general recommendation. It is important to point out
that the Bulgaria legislation is not entirely harmonised with the respective European
directives. Therefore, it is hard to identify specific measures, without contradicting the
different regulations.
The consultant recommends conducting a comprehensive study that could include the
following:
• General study on the national nation:
o Analyses and review of the European legislation
o Analyses and assessment of the Bulgarian legislation
o Proposal for amendments
• General principles applied on local level
Establishment of a specific contract between the WSS Company and all the
concerned parties in the wastewater network sector that could include the following:
o Description of the industrial processes and the character of the
generated wastewater.
o Establishment of a point for on-going monitoring of the flow and
periodical transmission of data to the WSS company and the
respective public authorities (municipality, municipal council and
others).
o Control through a point for monitoring of pollution and transmission of
periodic data to the WSS company and the respective public
authorities (selection of parameters, depending on the specificity of
the wastewater, minimum values of COD, BOD5,, Total suspended
solids, N, P).
o Permit for discharge with a description of permissible parameters of
the wastewater
Wastewater treatment before discharge into the wastewater collection system with
strict monitoring and periodic transmission of data to the WSS Company and the
respective public authorities, if necessary.
Defining the alternatives for 4.3.2.2.
wastewater network of agglomeration Kardzhali
The alternatives that should be reviewed for a wastewater system could be :
- With regard to the choice of system: combined, separate or mixture of
combined and separate system (when the settlement has areas with
combined system and areas with separate system)
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- With regard to the scheme of the solution for the wastewater network
The town of Kardzhali has 87 km of constructed wastewater network and 97%
population connectivity rate. The wastewater system is constructed and operating as
combined, i.e. domestic wastewater, stormwater and industrial wastewater are
collected in the same pipe. In the town of Kardzhali, there is no WWTP. There is no
alternative of the solution regarding the wastewater network. Alternative could be
found concerning the development of the wastewater infrastructure over the time
according to the general targets mentioned for improvement and development.
Under procedure №BG161РО005/10/1.10/02/16 „Improvement and development of
the infrastructure for drinking water and wastewater in agglomerations over 10 000
P.E.” the Municipality of Kardzhali is granted with financial aid № DIR- 51011116-
С001 for „Integrated water project of the town of Kardzhali: Construction of WWTP
and leading collector, extension and reconstruction of the water supply and
wastewater network“. The project includes construction and reconstruction of 23.24
km wastewater network in quarter ”Prileptsi”, quarter ”Vazrozhdentsi”, quarter
”Terasite”, Main collector II to leading collector to WWTP, Main collector X to the point
is joins Main collector I, Main collector XI, Main collector X` to the point it joins Main
collector X. The quarters of Gledka and Gorna Gledka are not connected due to the
limited financial resources.
The implementation of the above-stated project will solve the urgent problems
concerning the wastewater system, but the sewerage network in the quarters of
Gledka and Gorna Gledka is left to be completed.
The Consultant envisages the following measures for solution of problems identified
for the wastewater network :
- Completion of wastewater network;
- Reconstruction of sections of the network in order to achieve the necessary
conductivity;
- Reconstruction of the network where the sewers are installed less deep that
required by the regulations;
- Reconstruction of sections, constructed with gradients smaller than the
permissible, which creates condition for silting up and blockages;
- Reconstruction of the network where the water-tightness of the pipes and the
fixtures is compromised, which is a precondition for high levels of infiltration.
The consultant recommends only for quarter ”Gorna gledka” the construction
of a separate system. For all the other quarters, the wastewater system
remains combined.
The investment programs for agglomeration Kardzhali envisages:
- Short-term investment program: new wastewater network – 2.53 km and
reconstruction – 0.61 km;
- Medium-term investment program: new wastewater network – 19.07 km and
reconstruction – 42.68 km;
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- Long-term investment program: new stormwater network – 2.69 km and
reconstruction – 40.57 km
Defining the alternatives for 4.3.2.3.
wastewater network of agglomeration Momchilgrad
The town of Momchilgrad has 18,74 km constructed wastewater network, the
wastewater collection system is combined and it collects domestic, industrial and
stormwater. Population connectivity rate for the wastewater network is 95%. There is
no WWTP.
For the Municipality of Momchilgrad there is a project prepared “Reconstruction,
modernisation and completion of the WSS network and construction of UWWTP in the
town of Momchilgrad. Under Procedure with reference №
BG161PO005/10/1.11/02/16 „Improvement and development of the infrastructure for
drinking water and wastewater in agglomerations over 10 000 P.E.“ under Operational
Programme Environment 2007-2013, Priority Axe 1, there is financing provided for the
project. The project envisages the construction of 6,32 km new network,
reconstruction of existing wastewater network – 8,47 km. The system should be
transformed from combined into mixture of combined and separate system.
The Consultant does not envisage short-term investment program. The urgent
problems associated with the wastewater system are solved in the financed project.
The strategic investments for the wastewater network for the medium-term and long-
term investment program consist in :
- Reconstruction of the main collectors in order to achieve the necessary
conductivity;
- Reconstruction of the network where pipes are installed less deep than
required, where the conductivity is insufficient and the water-tightness of the
pipes and the fixtures is compromised, which is a precondition for high levels of
infiltration.
The investment programs for the town of Momchilgrad envisage:
- Medium-term investment program: reconstructed wastewater network – 4.99
km;
- Long-term investment program: reconstructed wastewater network – 3.64 km.
Defining the alternatives for 4.3.2.4.
wastewater network of agglomeration Krumovgrad
The town of Krumovgrad does not have a WWTP. The town has 17,71 km
wastewater network constructed and population connectivity rate of 96%. The system
is combined, the choice is made with the commencement of the construction of the
wastewater network. The scheme has been selected then too. Therefore, for the town
of Krumovgrad there is no alternative for the solution concerning the wastewater
network. Alternative solution could be found with regard to the development of the
wastewater infrastructure over the time according to the general targets listed for
improvement and development of the wastewater infrastructure.
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The envisaged measures are in connection with the problems identified in the
wastewater network.
- Reduced conductivity due to alluvium;
- insufficient conductivity due to small diameters;
- High levels of infiltration due to compromised water-tightness of the pipes and
the fixtures, which creates a risk of pollution of the environment and affects
the operation of the WWTP;
- Reconstruction of the main collectors and the internal network in order to
achieve the necessary conductivity of the network and eliminate the
wastewater discharges in open water courses.
For Agglomeration Krumovgrad, as described in item 4.3.1.5, centralised alternative
for the wastewater system is proposed. The two settlements connected to the centre
Krumovgrad have constructed domestic wastewater network – approximately 50%
(based on data obtained from the Municipality of Krumovgrad) and entirely
constructed leading collectors. The consultant envisages the extension of wastewater
networks together for the two settlements: 4.38 km new wastewater network in the
short-term program (in order to achieve 90% population connectivity rate) and 1.36 km
in long-term program (in order to achieve 100% population connectivity rate).
The investment programs for agglomeration Krumovgrad envisage:
- Short-term investment program: construction of new wastewater network
11.18 km and reconstruction – 2.21 km;
- Medium-term investment program: reconstructed wastewater network – 5.71
km;
- Long-term investment program: new wastewater network – 3.46 km and
reconstruction – 6.59 km
Defining the alternatives for 4.3.2.5.
wastewater network of agglomeration Ardino
The existing wastewater system in the town of Ardino is combined – for domestic
wastewater and stormwater. It is made of concrete pipes ø150 and ø200 mm. The
technical state of the wastewater network is bad and it is characterised by insufficient
conductivity (small diameters of the pipes), reduced mechanic strength of the concrete
pipes and high permeability of the walls due to the specific chemical composition of
the water (soft water), intensive silting up . All these cause frequent failures, flooding
with polluted water of houses, streets, terrains, high levels of infiltration. It is necessary
to construct a new wastewater system that would, besides solving the problems of the
existing network, also cover the entire population of the town.
There is an alternative for new wastewater system in the town of Ardino. There is an
option for separate wastewater system proposed also in the project elaborated in 2011
Feasibility studies. The consultant also considers this to the be the best alternative.
The existing wastewater network - main collectors and secondary branches for
combined wastewater shall function as stormwater system. For the domestic
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wastewater, new wastewater network shall be constructed – main one and secondary
one. Eliminating the negative impact of the stormwater shall ensure the normal
operation of the WWTP previewed for construction. Currently the stormwater
introduces a lot of sand and other impurities into the combined wastewater system
due to several reasons:
� Street infrastructure not good enough;
� Very high gradient of the streets towards Ardinska River and in case of rains
the stormwater drags and introduces through the overflows any mechanic
impurities into the wastewater pipes with small diameter – it results in
blockage and flooding with polluted water of the ground floors of buildings, as
well as streets and terrains in the lower part of the town;
� Because of the terrain specificity of the town (high gradient of the terrain
towards the river), there are support walls constructed under the properties
along the street and in case of rain part of the soil from the yards, together
with grass, leaves, branches, is dragged to the street – an additional
precondition for blockage and silting up of the pipes with mixed outflow.
Based on the mentioned above, the alternative consists in separate wastewater
system for the town of Ardino.
The following measures are envisaged for the solution of the identified problems:
reconstruction of the existing wastewater network and construction of new one in
order to achieve 100% population connectivity rate, as well as full treatment of
wastewater entirely collected and sent to WWTP.
The investment programs for the town of Ardino envisage:
- Short-term investment program: construction of new wastewater network 4.35
km and reconstruction – 4.36 km;
- Medium-term investment program: new wastewater network - 4.06 km;
- Long-term investment program: new wastewater network - 1.36 km and
reconstruction – 2.06 km
Defining the alternatives for 4.3.2.6.
wastewater network of agglomeration Dzhebel
The town of Dzhebel has 16,77 km constructed wastewater network, the wastewater
collection system is combined and it collects together domestic wastewater, industrial
wastewater and stormwater. Population connectivity rate for the wastewater network is
87%. There is no WWTP.
The relief of the town of Dzhebel is cut by Dzhebelska River and several creeks. This
is have predefined the solution for the wastewater network – perpendicularly cut
wastewater scheme with a main collector in the lowest part along the river. The
existing wastewater network serves the central part of the town and part of the
quarters „Izgrev”, „Bryagovo”, „Mladost 1”, „Mladost 3” and „Progres”. As there is no
WWTP, the collected wastewater is discharged mainly into Dzhebelska River, for
which there is a permit for discharge issued, but there is also unauthorised discharge
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in creeks. The presence of numerous creeks crossing the town provides the possibility
to search an alternative for the combined wastewater system, especially with regard to
the newly constructed wastewater network, with a solution for separate system. The
Feasibility study conducted in 2012 is based on this idea too. The consultant proposes
the existing combined wastewater system in the central part of the town, part of
quarter ”Izgrev” and part of the Industrial zone to be reconstructed in a way to find an
optimum possibility, technically feasible and financially advantageous, to transform it
into a separate system (it solves better environmental problems). Where it is proven
possible, the existing combined wastewater sewers shall be kept for the collection of
stormwater only, and a new one shall be constructed for domestic and industrial
wastewater quantities. The completion of the wastewater network up to 100% in this
part of the town is envisaged – with the design of mainly domestic wastewater
branches; the stormwater shall run free down the streets to existing overflows or
nearby creek. Having in mind the good infrastructure of the quarters, the density and
the type of construction and structural features, the combined wastewater system is
kept for the central part of the town after the reconstruction.
For the satellite quarters with family houses - „Bryagovo”, „Mladost 1”, „Mladost 2”,
Mladost 3”, „Gotvarsko” and part of quarter ”Progres” the project solution consists in
entirely separate wastewater system where stormwater network shall be simplified
and reduced with regard to the configuration of the relief, the existing creeks, the
degree of completion of the infrastructure.
The short-term program envisages investments for :
� reconstruction of the existing urban wastewater network – leading collector,
main collector and problematic sections of the secondary network in the
central part of the town;
� extension of the wastewater network in quarters with partially constructed
wastewater network;
� construction of new wastewater infrastructure in quarters of the town of
Dzhebel and in the other settlements of the agglomeration.
For Agglomeration Dzhebel, as explained in item 4.3.1.7, we have proposed
centralised alternative for the wastewater system. For the four connected settlements,
no wastewater network is constructed. The consultant envisages the construction of
separate wastewater systems total for the four settlements: 5.85 km new wastewater
network and leading collectors to WWTP – 2.99 km in the short-term program (in order
to achieve population connectivity rate of 90%) and 0.65 km in the long-term program
(in order to achieve 100% population connectivity rate).
The investment programs for agglomeration Dzhebel envisage:
- Short-term investment program: construction of new wastewater network
17.14 km and reconstruction – 7.37 km;
- Medium-term investment program: new wastewater network - 5.09 km and
reconstruction – 3.64 km;
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- Long-term investment program: new wastewater network - 1.36 km and
reconstruction – 2.01 km.
Defining the alternatives for 4.3.2.7.
wastewater network of agglomeration Benkovski
The village of Benkovski has 5.067 km constructed wastewater network, of which 2.42
km are constructed after 2005 and this section is in good hydro technical state. The
leading collector to the site selected for the WWTP is also constructed. The
wastewater infrastructure serves only the population of the south part of the village.
This part includes all the administration, public and cultural buildings, the density of
construction is much higher and the infrastructure of the village is relatively good. The
wastewater system of the existing wastewater network is combined – domestic
wastewater and stormwater are collected together wastewater, there is no industrial
wastewater.
There is a project prepared in 2012 for the village of Benkovski – Feasibility study for
the water supply and wastewater infrastructures. This project proposes extending the
wastewater network in the south zone (up to 100% population connectivity rate) as
combined system.
For the north zone, which has small construction density, less developed infrastructure
– with many unfinished and uncoated streets, with many green areas, the consultant
envisages the construction of a separate wastewater system, mainly domestic
wastewater network.
Concerning the south zone, the consultant proposes for the extension of the
wastewater network to search for an alternative for the combined wastewater system
by identifying zones (or sections) for separate system. The configuration of the relief is
favourable for this solution with the existing creeks and the constructed in the past
several big drain sewers. The separate wastewater system is a better solution with
regard to the protection of environment and water, as well as with regard to the
technical and economic assessment of the wastewater treatment process.
The investment programs for the village of Benkovski envisage:
- Short-term investment program: construction of new wastewater network 8.48
km and reconstruction – 0.30 km;
- Medium-term investment program: new wastewater network – 1.47 km and
reconstruction – 0.58 km.
- Long-term investment program: new wastewater network- 1.36 km and
reconstruction – 1.28 km
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5. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS AND MACROAFFORDABILITY ASSESSMENT
5.1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS
MACROECONOMIC FORECAST 5.1.1.
Macro-economic forecasts include relevant projections for gross-domestic product,
inflation and unemployment rates at national and regional levels to be used in the
financial analysis of selected investment measures. These forecasts are important as
they exert significant influence over future operation and maintenance costs of water
and wastewater systems, household incomes and affordability constraints. Relevant
details for the specific impact and application of each indicator within the framework of
water and sewerage investments are provided in its respective section.
Macro-economic projections are based on existing statistical data from official
sources (National Statistical Institute, Regional Statistical Bureaus, National
settlement register, Eurostat, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, etc.) and
international and national guidance and methodological materials (Guidelines for cost
benefit analysis of water and wastewater projects supported by the Cohesion fund in
2007-2013). These documents are cited accordingly throughout the report.
Gross-domestic product
Gross-domestic product (GDP) forecasts are indicative for the level of economic
development at a certain territorial level (national, regional, local). In addition, real
growth of GDP is the main indicator used for income projections25 and expenditures
for salaries and wages within the financial analysis of investment measures.
Consequently, as a major driver for household income, GDP growth projections are
crucial for determining macro affordability thresholds and therefore for establishing the
maximum value of proposed investments in water and wastewater systems and
networks.
As indicated in Section 2.3, GDP growth in the country has slowed down considerably
since 2009, which was the first time in 10 years with a negative economic growth,
caused by the consequences from the global financial and economic crisis. Current
annual growth is within the limits of 0.5% to 2.0% and much lower than pre-crisis
levels of 6%.
The “Guidelines for cost benefit analysis of water and wastewater projects supported
by the Cohesion fund in 2007-2013”, prepared with the assistance of JASPERS,
25 “It is recommended to consider household’s disposable income growth as equal to GDP
growth. As a result, current data collected, split by income decile, will be projected using a
growth rate equal to the GDP growth” - Guidelines for cost benefit analysis of water and
wastewater projects supported by the Cohesion fund in 2007-2013
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assumes the following dynamics of real GDP growth over the period 2006-2021and
beyond.
Table 5-1 GDP growth assumptions (% per annum), Guideline for CBA
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
6.32 6.17 6.5 6.5 6.9 6.4 5.7 5.34 5.02 4.67 4.39 4.02 3.74 3.57 3.38
2021 and beyond 3.3
The Guidelines advise that the assumptions should be used cautiously, making sure
that they are consistent with the latest published forecasts. Since the above
projections are based on figures before the crisis period, they need to be adjusted in
accordance with current trends and economic development scenarios.
Several prominent financial institutions produce short- and medium-term economic
forecasts. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts Bulgarian real GDP growth
of 0.8% for 2012, 1.5% for 2013 and 4.5% for 2014 (Source:
http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/pdf/text.pdf, World Economic Outlook
2012). An average growth of 2.7% for the period 2012-16 is expected by the
Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) with 0.7% increase for 2012 (Source: EIU Country
Report – Bulgaria, http://country.eiu.com). The World Bank foresees a very modest
growth of 0.6% for 2012 and 2.5% and 3.3% for 2013 and 2014 respectively (Source:
EU11 Regular Economic Report, June 2012).
On the basis of the projections of these international financial organisations, the
following GDP growth pattern has been established.:
Table 5-2 GDP growth assumptions (% per annum)
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 and beyond
1.2 1.9 3.5 4.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3
Valid long-term GDP forecasts are very difficult to provide keeping in mind the
uncertainty in European economic development. For these reasons, the long-term
assumptions of the CBA Guidelines for annual increase of 3.3% have been used for
years 2017 and beyond. This is considered realistic and in line with expected EU
economic growth.
As indicated in section 2.3, regional GDP per capita is lower than the national
average, being approximately 75% of it (see chapter 2 - figure 2-2) and the gap
between them is widening. However, the major reason for this difference is the
different starting point and not the actual increase rate, which is approximately 13% for
the country and 12% for the region when nominal GDP values are used. Since the
increase rates are similar both at national and regional level, the growth assumptions,
depicted in Table 5-2 can also be applied for GDP projections in the service area
without significant loss of forecast reliability
Inflation
Inflation level forecasts are important for water and wastewater investments for two
major reasons:
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1) inflation is used to determine constant and nominal costs and tariffs (e.g.
conversion of data from operators’ business plans);
2) some relevant cost components (e.g. fuels, electricity, etc.) might increase or
decrease with lower or higher rates than the average inflation rate, which
influences cost projections when constant values are used.
These considerations require that inflation forecasts are provided on 2 separate levels
– total inflation, represented by the consumer price index and inflation for major cost
components, used in water and wastewater investment projects. The differences
between these two levels can be used when projecting the various costs for the
proposed investment measures.
Average national inflation rate for the last 10 years has been 5.7%, ranging widely
from 2.3% (2003) to 12.3% (2008). The last three years from this period (2009-2011)
are most relevant as inflation has stabilised within narrower boundaries and an
average value of 3.1%.
The “Guidelines for cost benefit analysis of water and wastewater projects supported
by the Cohesion fund in 2007-2013” assume the following dynamics of inflation rate
over the 2006-2021:
Table 5-3 Inflation dynamics assumptions (growth rate per annum in %)
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 and beyond
6.08 11.57 9.24 4.41 5.22 4.07 3.00 2.7
IMF forecasts inflation rate of 2.1% in 2012, 2.3% in 2013 and 2.7% in 2014 (Source:
World Economic Outlook Database, April 2012). Average inflation, according to the
EIU, will be 2.7%, 2.5% and 3.5% for 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively.
As the proposed values of inflation within the CBA Guidelines are consistent with the
ones proposed by the most recent projections of international financial institutions,
they are considered relevant and can be used in the financial analysis of investment
alternatives.
Projection of operation and maintenance costs of water and wastewater systems
requires prediction of individual inflation rates for the major cost categories –
materials, fuels and electricity, and external services. These categories are not
identically represented in the consumer price index and the following categories have
been used as closest substitutions: non-food products, electricity, liquid fuels and
services. The dynamics of these categories over the last 3-year period is presented in
Table 5-4.
Table 5-4 Inflation dynamics of major cost categories (growth rate per annum in %)
2009 2010 2011 Average Ratio to total inflation
Total inflation 2.8 2.4 4.2 3.1
Non-foods (materials) 3.6 6.5 3.5 4.5 1.46
Services (incl. external) 4.8 1.2 1.6 2.5 0.82
Electricity 5.0 -0.8 1.9 2.1 0.67
Liquid fuels -21.1 19.7 13.5 4.0 1.30
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Materials and fuel prices grow at a faster rate compared to average inflation, while
electricity and services tend to rise slower than the average inflation. Electricity and
fuel prices in Bulgaria are dependent on global commodity prices thus making
projections somewhat unreliable, but the existing stable trends provide some
assurance to calculations. This reasoning is applied when determining growth
assumptions for these major cost categories over the years.
Table 5-5 Inflation dynamics assumptions – cost categories (growth rate per annum in %)
2012 2013 and beyond
Total inflation 3.00 2.70
Non-foods (materials) 2.10 1.80
Services (incl. external) 3.70 3.30
Electricity 4.50 4.00
Liquid fuels 2.30 2.10
Exchange rate
Exchange rate is kept at a constant level of 1.95583 BGN for 1 EUR. No recent
changes are expected in this aspect. Even if Bulgaria joins the euro zone, the fixed
rate will be applied for the conversion. The unlikely event of floating exchange rate will
have immediate effect on inflation, which cannot be quantified at the present moment.
Taxation
All direct and indirect taxes (Table 5-6) are assumed to remain constant throughout
the reference period of the master plan. Every change of these (and especially indirect
taxes) will have immediate and potentially undesirable effect on inflation. If any long-
term changes take place, inflation forecasts will need to be revised at least for the year
of the change.
Table 5-6 Taxes by categories, 2011
Taxes Value
Corporate tax 10%
Income tax 10%
Value Added Tax (VAT) 20%
Social security 22.3%
Health insurance 8%
Social security tax has different values depending on the scope of services for the
insured persons - pensions, sickness, illness, maternity, etc., and also the year of birth
(those born after 1959 have to pay an additional 5% for additional compulsory pension
insurance). An average rate is adopted for the country, with employers currently
paying about 60% of the contributions due, with a tendency to change this ratio by
2015 to 50% / 50% for the employer and employee respectively.
Unemployment
Unemployment levels have a noteworthy influence in water and wastewater
investment projects and particularly on income projections and macro-affordability
thresholds. Areas with higher unemployment have lower income and different income
structure, relying more on pensions, social benefits and subsistence farming. These
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characteristics lead to lower affordability thresholds thus hindering large-scale
investments.
As indicated in Section 2.3., the unemployment in the service area is app. 3% higher
than the national average. The prognosis is that the unemployment will follow the
national trends but the regional specifics will remain unchanged during the reference
period which means that the income structure will remain similar to the present one.
FORECAST OF POPULATION GROWTH 5.1.2.
Introduction
In 2011 the population of the serviced area “Water supply and sewerage” OOD –
Kardzhali is 135,274 people – there is a decrease of app. 5% compared to 2001.
Two scenarios have been developed for the future population of the territory – realistic
and pessimistic. An optimistic scenario , envisaging faster growth, is not applicable
given the current age structure, economic development and out-migration levels. All
scenarios use strictly official Census data (2001, 2011). No adjustments have been
made for possible undercounts as the reports of NSI indicate low levels of
unaccounted people.
The realistic scenario (low negative growth) assumes that population development
will follow recent historical trends with respect both to natural and mechanical
changes. However, the scenario assumes that the loss of population will be slower
because of the currently stable age structure, which is already identical to the national
averages. Out-migration is also likely to be reduced, although some further internal
rural-urban migration can be expected. Nevertheless, internal migration is a
phenomenon that is volatile and at regional level may change dramatically in a very
short time. The scenario assumes slow but constant regional economic growth,
generating opportunities for new jobs, attracting skilled and well-educated young
people, gaining support from favourable regional policies as key conditions for the
successful development of regional economy.
The pessimistic scenario (high negative growth) assumes a demographic
development identical to historical trends and further worsening of negative population
tendencies. This hypothetical scenario does not account for the positive influence of
improving economic situation and regional attractiveness. Out-migration is kept at the
same level, additionally contributing towards the depopulation process. The scenario
assumes that regional inequality will remain constant at the jump-off level until the end
of the projection period (no convergence between regions), corresponding to relatively
poor socio-economic developments.
The key reasons for the possible decline of population in all scenarios include the
relatively large number of people in older age groups (65+), the smaller proportion of
female population reaching fertility age during the reference period of the master plan,
covered by these projections and the significant out-migration. Although increased
birth rates are expected, based on statistical data, they cannot immediately offset the
demographic crisis that has hit the area since 1990, resulting in reduced number of
births.
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Methodology
Ideally, population projections at regional level need to be prepared by using a cohort-
component procedure. Unlike simple extrapolation techniques, such as discounting
methods and regression, which project future population without disaggregating it, or
identifying the causes for past trends, cohort-component procedures deal separately
with the three major components of population change – fertility, mortality and
migration. The method is based on the traditional demographic accounting principle:
Population
(at the end of the
period)
=
Population
(at the beginning of
the period)
+
Births
-
Deaths
+ / -
Migration
Unfortunately, there is no possibility to establish age-gender cohorts at individual
settlement level, because such information is not reported by the national statistics.
However, the cohort-component procedure is used by NSI and Eurostat in the
preparation of aggregated forecasts at NUTS III level (districts).
The projection model used by these institutions is characterised by the following
features:
� Fertility: age-specific fertility rates applied to the female population;
breakdown of births into boys and girls in fixed proportions (51.5% boys,
48.5% girls);
� Mortality: age- and sex-specific death rates applied to population;;
� Migration: net migration by age and sex (international and internal migration).
For each of the regional population projections scenarios, assumptions have been
formulated in terms of key summary measures for each component of population
change. The key summary measures are the following:
� Fertility: cohort total fertility rate, total fertility rate, mean age at childbearing;
� Mortality: life expectancy at birth, for men and women separately
� Migration: measuring the intensity of moving to another region.
These key summary measures are subsequently translated into numerical values for
each year of the projection period. The regional population projections are
conceptually a straightforward generalisation of the national population projections:
the only difference is that, while in the national projections the population is just
classified by age and sex, in the regional projections there is an additional dimension
of population breakdown, namely region of residence.
To ensure full consistency between the national and regional scenario, the regional
projection model checks, for each type of event, whether the regional numbers add up
to the national number from the national scenario. If not, the regional numbers of
events are proportionally adjusted to the national level.
The results of this procedure are summarised in regional projections tables for each
district in three scenarios (pessimistic, realistic and optimistic). Table 5-7 indicates the
relevant values for the three districts included in the service area in the pessimistic
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and realistic scenarios and Table 5-8 calculates the annual population change, which
reflects all major demographic components – births, deaths and migration
Table 5-7 Regional demographic projections 2015 – 2040, number of people
2011
(Census) 2016 2021 2028 2038
Realistic scenario
Ardino 8,824 8,561 8,083 7,333 6,308
Chernoochene 7,370 7,107 6,874 6,558 6,067
Dzhebel 6,850 6,815 6,818 6,763 6,592
Kardzhali 63,879 62,834 61,834 60,424 58,152
Kirkovo 18,255 17,627 17,019 16,207 15,061
Krumovgrad 15,203 14,501 13,934 13,238 12,359
Momchilgrad 14,893 14,620 14,379 14,065 13,608
TOTAL FOR THE
DESIGNATED
TERRITORY
135,274 132,065 128,940 124,588 118,146
Pessimistic scenario
Ardino 8,824 8,550 8,038 7,240 6,145
Chernoochene 7,370 7,100 6,851 6,507 5,965
Dzhebel 6,850 6,814 6,818 6,747 6,539
Kardzhali 63,879 62,800 61,729 60,197 57,711
Kirkovo 18,255 17,607 16,957 16,081 14,845
Krumovgrad 15,203 14,480 13,877 13,130 12,194
Momchilgrad 14,893 14,612 14,354 14,016 13,525
TOTAL FOR THE
DESIGNATED
TERRITORY
135,274 131,962 128,624 123,918 116,925
Source: http://www.nsi.bg/otrasal.php?otr=19
Table 5-8 Projected demographic changes (growth rate per annum in %)
2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
Realistic scenario
Ardino Base -0.60% -1.12% -1.33% -1.40%
Chernoochene Base -0.71% -0.66% -0.66% -0.75%
Dzhebel Base -0.10% 0.01% -0.12% -0.25%
Kardzhali Base -0.33% -0.32% -0.33% -0.38%
Kirkovo Base -0.69% -0.69% -0.68% -0.71%
Krumovgrad Base -0.92% -0.78% -0.71% -0.66%
Momchilgrad Base -0.37% -0.33% -0.31% -0.33%
TOTAL FOR THE
DESIGNATED
TERRITORY
Base -0.47% -0.47% -0.48% -0.52%
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2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
Pessimistic scenario
Ardino Base -0.62% -1.20% -1.42% -1.51%
Chernoochene Base -0.73% -0.70% -0.72% -0.83%
Dzhebel Base -0.10% 0.01% -0.15% -0.31%
KardHzali Base -0.34% -0.34% -0.35% -0.41%
Kirkovo Base -0.71% -0.74% -0.74% -0.77%
Krumovgrad Base -0.95% -0.83% -0.77% -0.71%
Momchilgrad Base -0.38% -0.35% -0.34% -0.35%
TOTAL FOR THE
DESIGNATED
TERRITORY
Base -0.49% -0.51% -0.52% -0.56%
In order to account for local level differences, sensitivity coefficients have been
obtained at settlement level by deriving a ratio between the 2001-2011 change in
population at settlement and district level. These coefficients indicate how individual
settlements change demographically with respect to the region and are later used to
adjust the above regional projections for each settlement.
Sensitivity coefficient at settlement level =
Yearly change in population (settlement)
2001-2011
Yearly change in population (district)
2001-2011
If any obvious inconsistencies (e.g. growth rate much higher or lower than expected)
exist between NSI / Eurostat projections and 2011 Census data, these are adjusted to
reflect the most recent data. All adjustments are clearly indicated in the report.
Summary results
On the basis of the proposed methodology, the following results have been obtained
for population change in the service territory of WSS Kardzhali in the two scenarios.
The realistic scenario envisages a decline of 18 705 people, representing annual
decrease of 0,48%. The annual decline in the pessimistic scenario is 0,51 % per
annum. Regardless that the average rates are relatively low they can be considered
realistic given the historic depopulation at a rate of app. 0,5 % per year between the
two censuses.
The realistic scenario should be used as a foundation for all further calculations about
future investments in the water and wastewater networks as it is based on
assumptions, which are most likely to happen in the service area during the reference
period of the master plan. The pessimistic scenario is necessary only for potential risk
assessment of proposed investments in order to prove their viability in unfavourable
conditions
Detailed results
The detailed results on settlement level are presented in Table 5-9. These are
provided for the realistic scenario only, as the numbers are used for determination of
future water demand and affordability calculations. At the end of the reference period,
6 settlements within the service area will have population over 2000 people.
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Table 5-9 Population projections for the service area at settlement level
UCATTU Municipality/Settlement 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
ARDINO Municipality 8,824 8,561 8,083 7,333 6,308
00607 Ardino 3,493 3,378 3,268 3,110 2,857
80176 Borovitsa 249 230 212 188 153
77116 Brezen 213 189 167 139 102
07747 Byal izvor 1,646 1,895 1,878 1,740 1,585
27543 Enyovche 155 118 89 58 27
18321 Garbishte 163 143 125 102 72
16910 Gorno Prahovo 475 429 388 334 257
37085 Kitnitsa 88 79 70 59 44
55124 Padina 982 889 805 693 536
58013 Pravdolyub 178 161 145 124 95
87059 Yabylkovets 200 178 158 132 97
29605 Zhaltusha 982 874 777 652 481
Chernoochene Municipality 7,370 7,107 6,874 6,558 6,067
02261 Bakalite 91 94 98 101 95
07472 Barza Reka 50 46 42 37 30
03410 Beli Vir 382 337 298 247 178
05089 Bozhurtsi 248 246 245 242 239
81236 Chernoochene 316 305 294 279 255
20167 Daskalovo 361 339 319 290 247
23114 Draganovo 172 174 175 178 182
24219 Dushka 6 4 3 2 1
24774 Dyadovsko 392 377 362 341 308
14221 Gabrovo 658 616 576 522 440
35047 Kableshkovo 204 210 217 227 242
36066 Kanyak 204 192 182 167 144
38176 Komuniga 1,184 1,159 1,135 1,100 1,042
44820 Lyaskovo 657 642 628 606 572
48307 Minzuhar 480 463 447 425 388
55395 Panichkovo 384 347 314 270 208
55568 Patitsa 170 164 159 151 139
58829 Pchelarovo 142 117 97 72 44
58731 Pryaporets 212 233 255 288 316
68415 Srednevo 193 189 186 181 172
11613 Vodach 311 317 323 333 350
87103 Yabylcheni 157 161 168 176 187
34117 Yonchovo 148 128 111 89 61
29461 Zhitnitsa 248 244 241 235 227
Dzhebel Municipality 6,850 6,815 6,818 6,763 6,592
80128 Chakaltsi 63 61 65 71 84
24195 Dushinkovo 104 93 83 70 52
20746 Dzhebel 3,093 3,244 3,399 3,546 3,673
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UCATTU Municipality/Settlement 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
32634 Ilyisko 141 140 140 139 138
37736 Kozitsa 143 129 117 101 78
43178 Lebed 35 34 33 32 29
48622 Mishevsko 323 313 304 291 269
49268 Mrezhichko 105 98 91 81 67
53271 Ovchevo 53 51 50 48 44
55436 Paprat 143 136 129 119 104
56589 Plazishte 173 163 154 142 122
56976 Podvrah 104 101 107 110 99
57412 Polyanets 126 119 113 104 90
58387 Pripek 907 883 861 828 774
62654 Ridino 317 322 327 335 348
62801 Rogozari 76 68 60 50 37
62846 Rogozche 103 92 82 69 52
66723 Skalina 56 58 59 62 67
67502 Slanchogled 211 203 196 186 170
73804 Tyutyunche 103 96 89 81 67
75201 Ustren 230 187 152 111 65
12468 Valkovitch 139 137 135 132 127
10389 Velikdenche 102 85 71 54 34
Kardzhali Municipality 63,879 62,834 61,834 60,424 58,152
00148 Airovo 617 612 606 599 586
03499 Beli Plast 367 333 303 262 205
04409 Blenika 190 187 185 181 175
05205 Boino 348 335 323 305 277
06567 Brosh 170 155 141 123 97
07658 Byala Polyana 110 102 95 85 70
80594 Chereshitsa 276 265 254 238 214
81462 Chiflik 371 369 368 365 361
81362 Chilik 208 209 210 212 215
24445 Dazhdino 346 375 406 456 557
24462 Dazhdovnitsa 136 130 124 116 104
21991 Dolishte 77 70 64 56 44
22134 Dolna Krepost 148 153 157 164 178
27512 Enchets 341 365 371 377 372
18410 Gaskovo 102 107 113 119 120
15000 Glavatartsi 11 10 7 4 0
15216 Gluhar 922 887 855 807 733
15268 Gnyazdovo 54 45 37 28 17
16267 Gorna Krepost 241 232 223 211 192
32161 Ivants 146 141 137 131 121
35403 Kalinka 180 176 172 166 157
35540 Kaloyantsi 347 329 312 288 252
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UCATTU Municipality/Settlement 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
40909 Kardzhali 43,880 42,957 42,065 40,763 38,631
37438 Kobilyane 278 237 202 158 104
37928 Kokiche 106 96 87 75 58
37962 Kokoshane 26 21 17 12 6
38282 Konevo 259 250 241 229 209
38981 Kostino 256 265 275 289 316
39342 Kraino Selo 169 186 193 200 176
44700 Lyulyakovo 305 313 327 350 391
46214 Makedontsi 124 125 125 126 127
48074 Miladinovo 457 444 431 413 383
49120 Most 697 696 696 695 694
49343 Murgovo 301 283 267 244 209
51442 Nenkovo 129 118 108 94 74
35136 Nevestino 116 117 118 120 123
54479 Ohlyuvets 222 223 225 216 199
53638 Opalchensko 937 941 949 957 942
54403 Ostrovitsa 285 287 289 293 298
55422 Panchevo 236 235 235 234 233
55840 Pepelishte 270 275 279 284 299
55885 Perperek 706 707 712 722 713
56054 Petlino 298 294 290 284 274
58342 Prileptsi 317 327 338 354 384
58623 Propast 101 88 77 63 45
62195 Rani List 714 689 665 630 575
62445 Rezbartsi 696 753 814 913 1 110
63170 Rudina 173 182 191 206 233
65975 Sedlovina 295 304 314 328 354
66336 Sestrinsko 96 101 107 116 133
83315 Shiroko Pole 756 767 778 795 825
66603 Sipei 444 448 452 457 467
66740 Skalishte 266 265 264 262 260
66754 Skalna Glava 128 127 127 126 125
66929 Skarbino 118 109 100 89 72
67982 Sokolyane 266 248 231 208 173
68014 Solishte 279 286 293 303 322
68336 Sredinka 218 225 232 243 262
69715 Strahil Voivoda 104 95 88 77 62
69849 Stremovo 192 190 188 185 180
69852 Stremtsi 603 587 571 548 511
73136 Tri Mogili 315 320 324 333 353
78149 Tzarevets 223 216 209 199 184
12694 Varbentsi 59 60 60 61 62
11346 Vishegrad 372 381 388 401 411
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UCATTU Municipality/Settlement 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
11243 Visoka Polyana 274 283 292 303 321
12053 Volovartsi 62 65 66 73 82
87672 Yastreb 354 369 384 407 450
30747 Zelenikovo 322 318 314 308 298
29407 Zhinzifovo 367 371 376 383 394
Kirkovo Municipality 18,255 17,627 17,019 16,207 15,061
03825 Benkovski 2,121 2,170 2,173 2,183 2,221
80090 Benkovski 1,355 1,263 1,178 1,061 887
81565 Chakalarovo 1,964 1,938 1,912 1,874 1,811
20496 Chorbadjyisko 55 58 61 66 75
21631 Dedets 359 329 301 264 211
22928 Dobromirtsi 401 368 338 297 238
23577 Domishte 1,104 1,015 934 823 663
23803 Druzhnitsi 332 309 288 259 216
23892 Dryanova Glava 58 52 47 40 31
24743 Dyulitsa 273 282 293 302 290
20777 Dzherovo 335 304 277 240 187
27591 Erovete 101 94 88 79 65
76159 Fotinovo 850 851 851 852 853
18558 Gorno Kirkovo 521 465 414 349 259
17138 Gorski Izvor 670 656 643 624 593
40988 Karchovsko 178 167 158 144 123
36748 Kayaloba 210 200 191 178 157
36926 Kirkovo 724 715 706 693 672
37071 Kitna 214 217 220 224 231
39877 Krilatitsa 173 181 190 203 228
49480 Maglene 59 56 53 49 43
46680 Malkoch 299 279 260 234 196
47531 Medevtsi 47 49 52 56 63
47888 Metlichina 162 165 168 172 179
48845 Mogilyane 275 298 323 364 445
54393 Ostrovets 342 336 331 322 309
59054 Parventsi 24 22 20 17 13
59063 Parvitsa 353 332 312 284 242
57039 Podkova 357 383 410 455 541
62236 Rastnik 114 112 110 107 102
65214 Samodiva 284 278 273 265 251
66024 Sekirka 31 22 16 9 4
83449 Shoptsi 391 370 351 323 281
83538 Shumatitsa 474 427 386 330 253
68895 Stareishino 86 84 83 81 77
68953 Starovo 312 291 271 245 204
69482 Stomantsi 229 222 216 207 192
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UCATTU Municipality/Settlement 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
72463 Tihomir 1,335 1,241 1,153 1,034 857
00120 Varben 500 474 449 415 362
87415 Yanino 33 30 27 22 17
30140 Zagorski 43 48 54 65 86
30106 Zakoya 351 321 293 256 202
30675 Zdravchets 156 151 146 139 128
Krumovgrad Municipality 15,203 14,501 13,934 13,238 12,359
00093 Avren 385 340 300 249 180
06728 Bryagovets 143 130 119 104 82
06906 Buk 279 221 174 121 64
81027 Chernichevo 346 315 286 248 194
24459 Dazhdovnik 61 57 54 49 41
20393 Devesilitsa 81 62 48 32 16
20403 Devesilovo 267 226 191 149 96
27680 Edrino 278 293 309 325 359
27036 Egrek 615 543 480 398 288
15727 Golyam Devisil 148 115 89 60 31
15713 Golyama Chinka 213 185 161 130 90
15878 Golyamo Kamenyane 190 174 159 139 111
16287 Gorna Kula 327 333 353 385 393
18085 Gulya 65 66 67 69 72
18071 Gulyika 126 110 96 79 55
35849 Kamenka 50 47 44 39 33
36021 Kandilka 165 139 116 89 56
39565 Krasino 67 69 72 75 82
39970 Krumovgrad 5,070 4,982 4,896 4,770 4,563
43596 Leshtarka 202 193 184 171 152
43726 Limets 57 39 27 15 5
44344 Lulichka 226 222 219 214 205
46872 Malak Devisil 357 276 212 142 71
46601 Malko Kamenyane 48 39 31 22 12
53206 Ovchari 142 133 125 113 96
55614 Pashintsi 463 422 385 335 264
55751 Pelin 504 511 514 530 550
57062 Podrumche 388 406 432 448 479
57248 Polkovnik Zhelyazovo 601 631 661 710 800
57933 Potocharka 137 125 115 100 80
57950 Potochnitsa 258 266 274 287 310
62774 Rogach 291 296 301 309 322
70559 Sarnak 131 119 108 94 73
67297 Slivarka 334 313 293 266 224
68936 Stari Chal 49 39 32 23 13
69688 Strandzhevo 587 595 604 616 639
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UCATTU Municipality/Settlement 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
70104 Studen Kladenets 122 102 86 66 42
72730 Topolka 66 59 53 45 34
12190 Vransko 683 711 739 782 863
31142 Zlatolist 92 101 111 120 117
30538 Zvanarka 589 496 417 321 204
Momchilgrad Municipality 14,893 14,620 14,379 14,065 13,608
00828 Austa 206 193 181 165 140
02155 Bagryanka 318 321 328 341 334
02292 Balabanovo 110 107 104 100 93
80087 Chayka 230 236 241 250 266
81734 Chukovo 191 199 206 218 241
24966 Devintsi 129 116 105 90 69
20755 Dzhelepsko 213 184 159 128 87
17186 Gorsko Dyulevo 83 75 69 60 47
17988 Gruevo 715 694 674 645 598
03258 Kamenets 34 35 35 36 37
36350 Karamfil 301 297 293 287 277
43102 Lale 250 234 219 198 167
47144 Manchevo 1 1 0 0 0
48996 Momchilgrad 7,831 7,769 7,708 7,617 7,465
51097 Nanovitsa 478 495 512 538 587
51473 Neofit Bozvelievo 334 301 272 233 179
55169 Pazartsi 171 168 165 160 153
56767 Pleshintsi 35 31 28 23 17
57892 Postnik 231 211 193 169 134
59361 Progres 312 304 297 286 268
58757 Ptichar 255 242 230 212 185
61063 Raven 343 329 316 297 267
65944 Sedefche 173 153 135 112 81
65961 Sedlari 192 210 229 261 325
66500 Sindeltsi 311 276 246 206 152
67882 Sokolino 455 468 480 500 535
65797 Svoboda 114 110 106 101 92
70706 Syiartsi 0 0 0 0 0
72134 Tatul 97 84 73 58 40
86030 Varhari 140 143 146 150 158
30154 Zagorsko 149 143 138 131 119
30452 Zvezdel 491 492 492 493 494
Total for the designated
territory 135,274 132,065 128,940 124,588 118,146
Population, which is not served
by the WSS operator 17,534 16,976 16,442 15,728 14,758
Total population for the district 152,808 149,041 145,382 140,316 132,904
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The proposed population projections should not be considered as precise forecasts.
They show the probable demographic development on the basis of educated and
realistic assumptions about fertility, mortality, migration, economic development and
unified methodology for regional predictions, applicable across the EU.
FORECAST OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 5.1.3.
The major non-domestic water consumers, indicated in Section 2.3 are the enterprises
of the mining industry, manufacturing industry and the food-processing industry .
This situation is expected to remain relatively constant during the reference period of
the master plan as production will grow slowly with the increase in national and
international consumption. . New small and medium enterprises are expected to
emerge, which will not influence water demand significantly. Currently the small and
medium enterprises account for over 97% of the companies on the serviced area of
WSS OOD - Kardzhali. There is no data regarding any foreseen large scale
investments at least until the middle of the period (up to 5 years) that should
substantially influence the water demand by industrial users.
FORECAST FOR POPULATION INCOME 5.1.4.
Introduction
Income projections have a central role in planning of future water and wastewater
systems as they are the basis for macro-affordability assessments and are
determinative for the maximum value of investments. In addition, incomes are
important for the overall attractiveness of the region and influence directly internal in-
and out-migration.
Household income projections are dependent on the current household income level
and the predicted economic growth of the region. The “Guidelines for cost benefit
analysis of water and wastewater projects supported by the Cohesion fund in 2007-
2013” provide the following definition: “It is recommended considering household’s
disposable income growth as equal to GDP growth. As a result, current data collected,
split by income decile, will be projected using a growth rate equal to the GDP growth”.
The proposed approach is adopted in the master plan and included as part of the
applied methodology.
Methodology
Determination of the average household income in the service area is problematic as
settlements are spread across three administrative districts, which have different
income levels, reported by official statistical data. The following approximation
procedure has been applied to derive a common income value :
� Determination of the average household income level in 2011 for the serviced
area WSS - Kardzhali;
� Establishment of income projections for each of the districts using real GDP
growth, indicated in Table 5-2. Identical GDP growth rates have been used for
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all districts as the analysis has demonstrated no significant differences at
regional and national level;
� Projected income is distributed in decile groups on the basis of NSI reported
distribution statistics;
� Income per capita is calculated on the basis of 2.8 people per household
throughout the reference period, despite the observed historical tendency for
larger households. This indicator is relatively stable and changes are slow and
insignificant and their influence on the calculation of the income is
insignificant.
Summary results
Forecast for household income within the serviced area are presented in Table 5-10.
Real income of the population of the serviced area is projected to increase up to 7,484
Euro (14,637 BGN) to 2038 but it remains app. 64.89% of the expected average
income in the country of 11,532 Euro (22,554 BGN).
Table 5-10 Average household income projections, Euro/year
Average
household income 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
Bulgaria 4,923 5,645 6,640 8,335 11,532
Serviced area of
„WSS”- Kardzhali 3,147 3,653 4,301 5,404 7,484
Projected income is additionally split into decile groups on the basis of income
distribution statistics at national level (Chapter 2.3). Although income of the lower
three deciles is likely to evolve at a slower pace than the average income, which is
indexed fully to GDP growth, existing statistical data do not provide such justification26.
Consequently, real GDP growth is used for the projections across all income deciles.
Table 5-11 Income distribution in decile groups for the service area, in euro
% of
average 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
Income decile 1 39.02% 1,228 € 1,425 € 1,678 € 2,109 € 2,920 €
Income decile 2 57.89% 1,822 € 2,115 € 2,490 € 3,128 € 4,332 €
Income decile 3 61.76% 1,943 € 2,256 € 2,656 € 3,337 € 4,622 €
Income decile 4 69.48% 2,186 € 2,538 € 2,988 € 3,755 € 5,200 €
Income decile 5 76.39% 2,404 € 2,791 € 3,285 € 4,128 € 5,717 €
Income decile 6 90.23% 2,839 € 3,296 € 3,881 € 4,876 € 6,753 €
Income decile 7 104.35% 3,284 € 3,812 € 4,488 € 5,639 € 7,809 €
Income decile 8 120.65% 3,796 € 4,407 € 5,189 € 6,520 € 9,029 €
Income decile 9 138.81% 4,368 € 5,071 € 5,970 € 7,501 € 10,388 €
Income decile 10 205.53% 6,467 € 7,508 € 8,840 € 11,107 € 15,382 €
26 Only 2-year time-series exist at the present moment (2009-2010) and income changes
appear to be random across deciles. No correlation can be isolated for such a short time period.
In addition time-series are both in the pre-crisis and crisis periods, making them incomparable.
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5.2. WATER DEMAND PROJECTIONS
This subchapter gives the result of the water demand projections carried out on the
territory of Water Supply OOD - Kardzhali. It is based on information and
methodologies described in previous chapters:
• First, the current situation concerning the water demand in the considered
area, which is described in Chapter 3.
• Second, the methodology to establish the projections and the assumptions
made which are presented in section 4.1.1.
SUMMARY OF WATER DEMAND PROJECTION AT THE WSSC 5.2.1.
TERRITORY LEVEL
Based on the existing situation presented in Chapter 3, and based on the socio
economic projections carried-out in chapter 5.1, water demand projections are carried
out for the years 2016 (first year of operation for investments implemented in the
short-term program), 2021 (beginning of the medium-term program), 2028 (end of the
medium term program) and 2038 (end of the long-term program).
The table presented below is a summary of the water demand projection at the WSSC
territory level. It is therefore an aggregation of the data for all settlements of the
territory of the WSS operator. It doesn’t include the 227 settlements not served by the
WSS operator, totalling 17,534 inhabitants in 2011, for which few data is available
(however see Table 5-20 in chapter 5.2.2)
Table 5-12 Water demand projection at the WSSC level
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 135,274 132,065 128,948 124,588 118,146
1.1 Constant number 135,274 132,065 128,948 124,588 118,146
1.2 Temporary number 0 0 0 0 0
2 Water Supply Connection rate % of total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population Served number 135,274 132,065 128,948 124,588 118,146
4 Specific Domestic
Consumption l/c/d 81 85 92 104 120
5 Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 4,021,589 4,091,248 4,342,477 4,722,804 5,174,795
6 Non-Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 1,038,149 1,185,839 1,382,995 1,719,833 2,355,310
7 Total Water Demand excluding
NRW m³ / year 5,059,738 5,277,087 5,725,472 6,442,637 7,530,104
8 Non-Revenue Water (NRW) m³ / year 5,031,329 3,492,793 2,652,833 2,641,258 2,489,668
9 NRW percentage % of 10 50% 40% 32% 29% 25%
10 Total Water Demand
(including NRW) m³ / year 10,091,067 8,769,880 8,378,305 9,083,895 10,019,773
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WATER DEMAND PROJECTION AT WATER SUPPLY ZONE LEVEL 5.2.2.
On the same model as the water demand projection for the whole WSSC territory, detailed water demand projections are carried out for each settlement above 2,000 inhabitants. The results of those projections for the six settlements that are on the territory of WSS – Kardzhali are presented below in the tables 5-13 to 5-18.
Table 5-13 Water demand projection for the town of Kardzhali
Code of the water supply zone: V21-WS-1
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population Number 43 880 42 957 42 065 40 763 38 631
1.1 Constant Number 43 880 42 957 42 065 40 763 38 631
1.2 Temporary Number 0 0 0 0 0
2 Water Supply Connection rate % of total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population Served number 43 880 42 957 42 065 40 763 38 631
4 Specific Domestic Consumption l/c/d 89 95 101 109 120
5 Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 1 427 777 1 487 332 1 544 175 1 615 396 1 692 038
6 Non-Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 564 012 672 451 790 997 992 806 1 373 624
7 Total Water Demand excluding
NRW m³ / year 1 991 789 2 159 783 2 335 172 2 608 202 3 065 662
8 Non-Revenue Water (NRW) m³ / year 2 156 476 1 662 335 1 257 400 1 199 392 1 021 887
9 NRW percentage % of 10 52% 43% 35% 32% 25%
10 Total Water Demand (including
NRW) m³ / year 4 148 265 3 822 117 3 592 572 3 807 594 4 087 549
Table 5-14 Water demand projection for the town of Momchilgrad
Code of the water supply zone: V21-WS-2
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population Number 7 831 7 769 7 708 7 617 7 465
1.1 Constant Number 7 831 7 769 7 708 7 617 7 465
1.2 Temporary Number 0 0 0 0 0
2 Water Supply
Connection rate % of total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population Served number 7 831 7 769 7 708 7 617 7 465
4 Specific Domestic
Consumption l/c/d 93 98 103 110 120
5 Domestic Water
Demand m³ / year 265 275 277 454 289 442 305 625 326 967
6 Non-Domestic Water
Demand m³ / year 95 168 107 434 126 369 158 615 219 456
7 Total Water Demand
excluding NRW m³ / year 360 443 384 888 415 812 464 240 546 423
8 Non-Revenue Water
(NRW) m³ / year 777 940 411 464 223 899 213 483 182 141
9 NRW percentage % of 10 68% 52% 35% 32% 25%
10 Total Water Demand
(including NRW) m³ / year 1 138 383 796 352 639 711 677 723 728 564
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Table 5-15 Water demand projection for the town of Krumovgrad
Code of the water supply zone: V21-WS-3
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population Number 5 070 4 982 4 896 4 770 4 563
1.1 Constant Number 5 070 4 982 4 896 4 770 4 563
1.2 Temporary Number 0 0 0 0 0
2 Water Supply Connection
rate % of total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population Served number 5 070 4 982 4 896 4 770 4 563
4 Specific Domestic
Consumption l/c/d 99 103 107 112 120
5 Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 182 802 186 774 190 571 195 244 199 859
6 Non-Domestic Water
Demand m³ / year 57 759 65 203 76 696 96 266 133 191
7 Total Water Demand
excluding NRW m³ / year 240 561 251 977 267 267 291 510 333 051
8 Non-Revenue Water
(NRW) m³ / year 158 039 150 056 143 913 134 052 111 017
9 NRW percentage % of 10 40% 37% 35% 32% 25%
10 Total Water Demand
(including NRW ) m³ / year 398 600 402 033 411 180 425 562 444 068
Table 5-16 Water demand projection for the town of Ardino
Code of the water supply zone: V21-WS-4
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population Number 3 493 3 378 3 268 3 110 2 857
1.1 Constant Number 3 493 3 378 3 268 3 110 2 857
1.2 Temporary Number 0 0 0 0 0
2 Water Supply Connection
rate % of total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population Served number 3 493 3 378 3 268 3 110 2 857
4 Specific Domestic
Consumption l/c/d 77 85 93 104 120
5 Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 97 957 104 588 110 718 118 069 125 137
6 Non-Domestic Water
Demand m³ / year 42 214 48 082 56 557 70 989 98 218
7 Total Water Demand
excluding NRW m³ / year 140 171 152 671 167 275 189 058 223 355
8 Non-Revenue Water (NRW) m³ / year 216 829 140 184 90 071 86 939 74 452
9 NRW percentage % of 10 61% 48% 35% 32% 25%
10 Total Water Demand
(including NRW) m³ / year 357 000 292 855 257 346 275 997 297 806
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Table 5-17 Water demand projection for the town of Dzhebel
Code of the water supply zone: V21-WS-5
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population Number 3 093 3 244 3 399 3 546 3 673
1.1 Constant Number 3 093 3 244 3 399 3 546 3 673
1.2 Temporary Number 0 0 0 0 0
2 Water Supply Connection rate % of total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population Served Number 3 093 3 244 3 399 3 546 3 673
4 Specific Domestic Consumption l/c/d 98 102 106 112 120
5 Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 111 111 121 267 132 019 144 970 160 877
6 Non-Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 28 898 34 470 40 546 50 892 70 412
7 Total Water Demand excluding
NRW m³ / year 140 009 155 737 172 565 195 862 231 290
8 Non-Revenue Water (NRW) m³ / year 13 441 20 769 29 915 44 028 77 097
9 NRW percentage % of 10 9% 12% 15% 18% 25%
10 Total Water Demand
(including NRW) m³ / year 153 450 176 506 202 480 239 889 308 386
Table 5-18 Water demand projection for the village of Benkovski
Code of the water supply zone: V21-WS-6 N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population Number 2 121 2 170 2 173 2 183 2 221
1.1 Constant Number 2 121 2 170 2 173 2 183 2 221
1.2 Temporary Number 0 0 0 0 0
2 Water Supply Connection rate % of total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population Served Number 2 121 2 170 2 173 2 183 2 221
4 Specific Domestic
Consumption l/c/d 90 96 101 109 120
5 Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 69 886 75 861 80 332 86 843 97 280
6 Non-Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 8 409 10 589 12 455 15 633 21 630
7 Total Water Demand excluding
NRW m³ / year 78 295 86 450 92 787 102 476 118 910
8 Non-Revenue Water (NRW) m³ / year 70 705 60 640 49 962 47 124 39 637
9 NRW percentage % of 10 47% 41% 35% 32% 25%
10 Total Water Demand
(including NRW) m³/ year 149 000 147 090 142 749 149 599 158 546
The water demand projection for all the settlements below 2,000 inhabitants in the territory of Water Supply OOD Kardzhali is presented in the table below.
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Table 5-19 Water demand projection for all settlements below 2000 inhabitants
Code of the WSSC: V21
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population Number 69 786 67 565 65 439 62 599 58 736
1.1 Constant Number 69 786 67 565 65 439 62 599 58 736
1.2 Temporary Number 0 0 0 0 0
2 Water Supply Connection
rate % of total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population Served number 69 786 67 565 65 439 62 599 58 736
4 Specific Domestic
Consumption l/c/d 73 75 84 99 120
5 Domestic Water Demand m³ / year 1 866 781 1 837 972 1 995 220 2 256 657 2 572 637
6 Non-Domestic Water
Demand m³ / year 241 689 333 928 380 907 462 074 615 101
7 Total Water Demand
excluding NRW m³ / year 2 108 470 2 171 900 2 376 127 2 718 731 3 187 738
8 Non-Revenue Water (NRW) m³ / year 1 637 899 1 124 185 912 344 974 845 1 042 213
9 NRW percentage % of 10 44% 34% 28% 26% 25%
10 Total Water Demand
(including NRW) m³ / year 3 746 369 3 296 085 3 288 471 3 693 576 4 229 951
Data is missing regarding the 227 villages not operated by the WSSC. However an
assumption can be made regarding the water demand, only domestic, considering that
the domestic water demand would be similar as those in the settlements below 2000
inhabitants operated by the WSSC. This assumption is only a hypothesis and doesn’t
contribute to the water demand presented in Table 5-12”
Table 5-20 Water demand projection for settlements currently not operated by WSS operator
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population Number 17,534 16,976 16,442 15,728 14,758
2 Specific domestic
consumption l/c/d 73 75 84 99 120
3 Domestic water
demand m³ / year 467,193 465,990 504,106 569,897 646,385
5.3. PROJECTED WASTEWATER FLOW
This subchapter gives the result of the wastewater flow projections carried out on the
territory of Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali. It is based on information
and methodologies described in previous chapters:
• First, the current situation concerning wastewater flow in the considered area,
which is described in Chapter 3.
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• Second, the methodology to establish the projections and the assumptions
made which are presented in section 4.1.1.
In accordance with the Terms of Reference, the pollution load rate is set at 60 grams of
BOD5 per person per day. The “Population Equivalent (PE60)” of a settlement is
therefore the ratio of the pollution load (BOD5) produced at the settlement level in one
year to the individual pollution load produced by one person in the same time.
SUMMARY OF WASTEWATER FLOW PROJECTION AT THE WSSC 5.3.1.
LEVEL
Based on the existing situation presented in Chapter 3 and based on the socio-
economic projections carried out in chapter 5.1, wastewater flow projections are
carried out for the years 2016 (first year of operation for investments implemented in
the short-term program), 2021 (beginning of the medium-term program), 2028 (end of
the medium term program) and 2038 (end of the long-term program).
The table presented below is a summary of the wastewater flow projection at the
WSSC territory level. It is therefore an aggregation of the data for the 244 settlements
of the WSSC territory.
Table 5-21 Wastewater flow projections at the WSSC level
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 135,274 132,065 128,948 124,588 118,146
2 Wastewater connection rate % of total 50% 51% 54% 77% 99.8% (1)
3 Population served number 67,649 67,486 69,356 95,435 117,865
4 Domestic wastewater m³ / year 1,972,748 2,090,333 2,272,711 3,306,725 4,646,238
5 Non-Domestic wastewater m³ / year 727,224 868,681 1,044,793 1,478,844 2,260,561
6 Total wastewater generated m³ / year 2,699,972 2,959,014 3,317,504 4,785,569 6,906,800
7 Infiltration m³ / year 3,687,686 1,884,541 1,738,600 1,619,366 1,557,534
8 Infiltration percentage % of 9 58% 39% 34% 25% 18%
9 Total wastewater collected m³ / year 6,387,658 4,843,555 5,056,104 6,404,935 8,464,334
10 Actual pollution load collected
(Population Equivalent) PE60 74,291 75,419 78,897 108,940 138,509
11
Potential pollution load
generated (Population
Equivalent)
PE60 141,915 139,998 138,489 138,093 138,790
Note:
(1) The percentage is not 100 because the Consultant envisages the construction
of sewerage network by the end of the investment period (2038) for
settlements below 2,000 PE without the ones which according to the
demographic projection for 2021 (defining investment costs in medium- and
long-term investment programme) will have population below 50 inhabitants.
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WASTEWATER FLOW PROJECTION AT THE AGGLOMERATION 5.3.2.
LEVEL
On the same model as the wastewater flow projection for the whole WSSC territory,
detailed wastewater flow projections are carried out for each agglomeration (above
2,000 P.E.). The results of those projections for the 8 agglomerations concerned in the
territory of Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali are presented below in the
tables 5-21 to 5-26.
Table 5-22 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Kardzhali
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 43,880 42,957 42,065 40,763 38,631
2 Wastewater connection rate % of total 97% 98% 98% 100% 100%
3 Population served number 42,564 42,098 41,224 40,763 38,631
4 Domestic wastewater m³ / year 1,246,449 1,311,827 1,361,962 1,453,856 1,522,834
5 Non-Domestic wastewater m³ / year 492,382 593,102 697,659 893,525 1,236,262
6 Total wastewater generated m³ / year 1,738,832 1,904,928 2,059,621 2347,382 2,759,096
7 Infiltration m³ / year 2,837,041 1,269,952 1,131,341 963,028 689,774
8 Infiltration percentage % of 9 62% 40% 35% 29% 20%
9 Total wastewater collected m³ / year 4,575,873 3,174,881 3,190,963 3,310,410 3,448,870
10 Actual pollution load collected
(Population Equivalent) PE60 47,060 47,514 47,595 48,923 49,921
11
Potential pollution load
generated (Population
Equivalent)
PE60 48,377 48,373 48,436 48,923 49,921
Table 5-23 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Momchilgrad
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 7,831 7,769 7,708 7,617 7,465
2 Wastewater connection rate % of total 95% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population served number 7,439 7,769 7,708 7,617 7,465
4 Domestic wastewater m³ / year 226,810 249,709 260,498 275,063 294,270
5 Non-Domestic wastewater m³ / year 81,369 96,690 113,732 142,753 197,510
6 Total wastewater generated m³ / year 308,179 346,399 374,231 417,816 491,781
7 Infiltration m³ / year 408,516 230,933 205,563 171,412 122,945
8 Infiltration percentage % of 9 57% 40% 35% 29% 20%
9 Total wastewater collected m³ / year 716,695 577,331 579,794 589,228 614,726
10 Actual pollution load collected
(Population Equivalent) PE60 8,183 8,652 8,747 8,921 9,269
11
Potential pollution load
generated (Population
Equivalent)
PE60 8,574 8,652 8,747 8,921 9,269
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Table 5-24 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Krumovgrad
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 5,070 4,982 4,896 4,770 4,563
2 Wastewater connection rate % of total 96% 96% 100% 100% 100%
3 Population served number 4,867 4,783 4,896 4,770 4,563
4 Domestic wastewater m³ / year 157,941 161,373 171,514 175,720 179,873
5 Non-Domestic wastewater m³ / year 49,904 56,336 69,026 86,639 119,872
6 Total wastewater generated m³ / year 207,845 217,708 240,540 262,359 299,746
7 Infiltration m³ / year 234,378 145,139 132,128 107,635 74,936
8 Infiltration percentage % of 9 53% 40% 35% 29% 20%
9 Total wastewater collected m³ / year 442,223 362,847 372,668 369,994 374,682
10 Actual pollution load collected
(Population Equivalent) PE60 5,323 5,297 5,526 5,561 5,658
11
Potential pollution load
generated (Population
Equivalent)
PE60 5,526 5,496 5,526 5,561 5,658
Table 5-25 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Ardino
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 3,493 3,378 3,268 3,110 2,857
2 Wastewater connection rate % of total 59% 59% 85% 97% 100%
3 Population served number 2,061 1,993 2,778 3,017 2,857
4 Domestic wastewater m³ / year 52,015 55,536 84,699 103,074 112,623
5 Non-Domestic wastewater m³ / year 22,416 25,532 43,266 61,973 88,396
6 Total wastewater generated m³ / year 74,431 81,068 127,965 165,047 201,019
7 Infiltration m³ / year 90,971 99,083 113,686 92,473 50,255
8 Infiltration percentage % of 9 55% 55% 47% 36% 20%
9 Total wastewater collected m³ / year 165,402 180,151 241,651 257,521 251,274
10 Actual pollution load collected
(Population Equivalent) PE60 2,266 2,226 3,173 3,583 3,664
11
Potential pollution load
generated (Population
Equivalent)
PE60 3,698 3,611 3,663 3,676 3,664
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Table 5-26 Wastewater flow projection for the agglomeration of Dzhebel
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 3,093 3,244 3,399 3,546 3,673
2 Wastewater connection rate % of total 87% 87% 90% 99% 100%
3 Population served number 2,691 2,822 3,059 3,511 3,673
4 Domestic wastewater m³ / year 87,000 94,952 106,936 129,168 144,790
5 Non-Domestic wastewater m³ / year 22,627 26,990 32,842 45,344 63,371
6 Total wastewater generated m³ / year 109,627 121,942 139,778 174,513 208,161
7 Infiltration m³ / year 89,695 99,771 90,568 79,744 52,040
8 Infiltration percentage % of 9 45% 45% 39% 31% 20%
9 Total wastewater collected m³ / year 199,322 221,713 230,345 254,257 260,201
10 Actual pollution load collected
(Population Equivalent) PE60 2,898 3,069 3,359 3,925 4,252
11
Potential pollution load
generated (Population
Equivalent)
PE60 3,300 3,490 3,699 3,960 4,252
Table 5-27 Wastewater flow projection for the village of Benkovski
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 2,121 2,170 2,173 2,183 2,221
2 Wastewater connection rate % of total 45% 45% 90% 100% 100%
3 Population served number 954 977 1,956 2,183 2,221
4 Domestic wastewater m³ / year 28,304 30,724 65,069 78,158 87,552
5 Non-Domestic wastewater m³ / year 3,406 4,289 10,089 14,070 19,467
6 Total wastewater generated m³ / year 31,709 35,012 75,157 92,228 107,019
7 Infiltration m³ / year 13,590 15,005 28,834 30,002 26,755
8 Infiltration percentage % of 9 30% 30% 28% 25% 20%
9 Total wastewater collected m³ / year 45,299 50,017 103,991 122,230 133,774
10 Actual pollution load collected
(Population Equivalent) PE60 986 1,016 2,048 2,311 2,399
11 Potential pollution load generated
(Population Equivalent) PE60 2,152 2,209 2,265 2,311 2,399
The wastewater flow projection for all the settlements below 2,000 inhabitants in the
territory of Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali is presented in the table
below. It is therefore an aggregation of the data for the remaining 238 settlements
concerned in the WSSC territory.
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Table 5-28 Wastewater flow projection for all settlements below 2,000 P.E
N° Parameters Unit 2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
1 Population number 69,786 67,565 65,439 62,599 58,736
2 Wastewater connection rate % of total 10% 10% 12% 54% 99.5% (1)
3 Population served number 7,073 7,045 7,735 33,575 58,455
4 Domestic wastewater m³ / year 174,228 186,213 222,033 1,091,686 2,304,296
5 Non-Domestic wastewater m³ / year 55,121 65,743 78,179 234,539 535,683
6 Total wastewater generated m³ / year 229,349 251,956 300,211 1,326,224 2,839,979
7 Infiltration m³ / year 13,495 24,658 36,191 175,072 540,829
8 Infiltration percentage % of 9 6% 9% 11% 12% 16%
9 Total wastewater collected m³ / year 242,844 276,614 336,402 1,501,296 3,380,808
10 Actual pollution load collected
(Population Equivalent) PE60 7,576 7,645 8,449 35,717 63,347
11
Potential pollution load
generated (Population
Equivalent)
PE60 70,289 68,165 66,153 64,741 63,628
* It is not 100%, as no centralized sewerage system is envisaged for settlements with
less than 50 inhabitants.
For the 227 villages not operated by the WSSC, most of them have a population
below 50 inhabitants. For the others it would be pointless to make an evaluation
without specific enquiring on each case. These settlements would have to be covered
by the zoning study for application of centralized or autonomous sanitation when
relevant
SUMMARY OF DESIGN WASTEWATER FLOW AND LOAD 5.3.3.
For all the agglomeration above 2,000 inhabitants, the year with the highest “total
wastewater collected” is defined as the “design year wastewater flow”. It is selected
among the milestones 2011, 2016, 2021, 2028 and 2038. Similarly, the year with the
highest “actual pollution load collected” is defined as the “design year pollution load”.
Following the results of the option analysis presented in Chapter 4, a Wastewater
Zone (WWZ) is defined as a group of agglomerations or settlements the wastewater of
which is collected and disposed in the same WWTP. The summarised parameters for
each agglomeration as well as the aggregated data for each wastewater zone (if any)
are presented in the table below.
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Table 5-29 Summary of Design wastewater flow and load
Agglomeration /
WWZ Code*
Agglomerations/
Wastewater
Zones**
Design year
wastewater
flow
Average
daily dry
weather
flow
Design year
pollution load
Pollution load
BOD5
Maximum
pollution load**
- - - m3/day - kg/day PE60
WW-1 *
Kardzhali**
(Kardzhali,
Rezbartsi, Prileptsi,
Opalchensko,
Ayrovo, Petlino,
Sipei)
2011 5,274 2038 3,242 54,029
48996_00 * Momchilgrad 2011 844 2038 556 9,269
WW-3
Krumovgrad
(Krumovgrad,
Polkovnik
Zhelyazovo
Vransko)
2011 754 2038 440 7,339
00607_00 Ardino 2028 452 2011 222 3,698
20746_00
Dzhebel 2038 570 2038 255 4,252
Paprat 2038 11 2011 9 143
Podvrah 2038 11 2028 7 110
Tyutyunche 2038 8 2011 6 103
Chakaltsi 2038 10 2038 5 87
WW-5
Dzhebel
( Dzhebel,
Podvrah,
Tytyuntche,
Chakaltsi)
2038 610 2038 277 4,612
03825_00 Benkovski 2038 293 2038 144 2,399
* In its complete form, the agglomeration code is BGAG_48996_00, BGAG_00607_00
etc. The WWZ Code is: V21-WW-1, V21-WW-2 etc.
** The name of the wastewater zone corresponds to the largest
agglomeration/settlement and the connected agglomerations/settlements are given in
brackets.
5.4. MACRO-AFFORDABILITY ASSESSMENT
AFFORDABLE TARIFFS AND PRICES 5.4.1.
Macro-affordability assessment is required in order to determine the viability of
proposed investments in water and wastewater systems and to establish realistic
limits on the maximum investment values. Macro-affordability is dependent on multiple
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variables – type and timing of investments, projected operation and maintenance
costs, established and expected depreciation policies, sources of financing for the
investment (loans, grants, etc.). All these components are integral part of tariff
formation and thus influence affordability.
There are different approaches to affordability adopted at national and international
level.
Bulgarian legislation defines an affordability threshold of 4% of the average household
income at a minimum consumption of 2.8 m3 per member of the household27.
The Guidelines for cost benefit analysis of water and wastewater projects supported
by the Cohesion fund in 2007-2013 provide the following definition: “Total water and
wastewater charges including indirect taxes (VAT) should not exceed 2-2.5% of the
average household income (when calculated on the basis of an average per capita
consumption linked to the economic situation of such households). This limit could be
increased temporarily to reach a max of 4%, in case the financial sustainability of the
project is otherwise endangered”. The prices of WSS services within the territory of
the company are below the national average and according to NSI data on social
affordability of the price of WSS services by areas and regions for 2011, the average
price for: Kardzhali is 3.39 BGN/m3, for the country is 4.43 BGN/m3, for South Central
Region - 4.17 BGN/m3.Affordability thresholds are calculated at the projected current
levels of water consumption and presented in real 2011 values. The tariffs used to
evaluate macro-affordability are formed at a threshold of 4% of the average income of
the first three decile groups.
Table 5-30 Affordability thresholds and tariffs
2016 2021 2028 2038
Household size, designated territory 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
Average household income in EUR (2011
constant values) 3,653 4,301 5,404 7,484
Affordability threshold, EUR (4% of the
average income of the first decile 3
groups)
77.29 € 90.99 € 114.32 € 158.33 €
Affordable price per m3, EUR (4% of the
average income of the first decile 3
groups)
0.82 € 0.97 € 1.22 € 1.68 €
The prices approved by the SWERC as of 28.02.2013 in the designated territory of
ViK OOD- Kardzhali are 0.613 EUR (1.28 BGN) for water supply and 0.424 EUR (0.10
BGN) for domestic and industrial wastewater collection and disposal. The current
prices are below the projected at a threshold of 4% of the income of the 3rd decile.
27Source: Water Supply and Sewerage Services Regulation Act
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EXISTING REVENUES AND COSTS 5.4.2.
According to the audited financial statements for 2011, Vodosnabdyavane i
Kanalizatsiya OOD Kardzhali has total revenues amounting to 3,497,000 EUR (BGN
6,841,000) and total costs amounting 3,483,000 EUR (BGN 6,813,000), thus ending
the year with a profit (before interest and taxes) amounting to 14,320 EUR (BGN
28,000).
The table below shows a more detailed presentation of the operating revenues and
costs for the period between 2009 and 2011.
Table 5-31 Operating costs and revenues, in thousand euros
Summarized parameters Year
2010 2011
Net revenues from sales including 3,207,850 3,424,630
Revenues from goods 1,020 1,020
Revenues from services 3,149,560 3,323,910
Other revenues 57,260 99,700
Revenues from government grants 68,000 70,560
Financial revenues 19,940 2,560
TOTAL REVENUES 3,295,790 3,497,750
Costs by economic elements including -3,253,350 -3,619,440
Costs of prime and raw materials and consumables -655,990 -755,180
Costs of external services -239,800 -250,020
Depreciation costs -606,390 -576,230
Costs of salaries and social insurance -1722,030 -1874,400
Other costs -29,140 -163,610
Amounts of corrective nature 35,790 157,480
Financial costs -65,960 -21,470
TOTAL COSTS -3,283,520 -3,483,430
Profit before interest and taxes (EBIT) 12,270 14,320
Profit tax 1,530 1,530
Net profit 10,740 12,780
Source: Commercial Register, Separate financial statement for the year ended in
31.12.2011
No significant changes are observed in the cost structure. The largest relative share in
the cost structure by economic elements belongs to the remuneration costs (including
social insurance) – approximately 52% (1,874,000 EUR) of all the cost.
The costs of prime and raw materials and consumables amount to 755,180 EUR
(BGN 1,477,000) or approximately 21% of the costs by economic elements. They
include materials (262,800 EUR), fuels and lubricants (85,900 EUR), electricity
(356,370 EUR) etc.
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The main groups in the costs of external services are water use fees (75,670 EUR),
repairs (37,840 EUR), communication services (17,380 EUR), insurances (11,250
EUR), other costs of external services (57,780 EUR).
Reported depreciation amounts to 576,230 EUR (1,127,000 BGN) for 2011 and is
relatively stable for the last two years due to the lack of large investment activities.
Maintenance costs are not reported separately in the financial statements of the
operator - they are allocated to the above-mentioned categories. However,
maintenance is very limited except for the costs of emergency repairs.
Costs are expected to remain relatively stable, if no investment activities are
implemented (‘without implementation of the project’ scenario) in the short-term plan
(the next 5 years). Costs at current prices will rise as a result of the projected inflation,
but no significant changes in constant prices for 2011 are expected. One noteworthy
exception are the costs of staff, which will be influenced by the real GDP growth. The
fuel and electricity prices can increase at higher rates in comparison with the inflation
taking into account the trends observed in the first half of 2012, however the historical
data does not provide enough evidence for such an assumption.
AFFORDABLE INVESTMENT PROGRAMS 5.4.3.
Affordability calculations are performed on the proposed investment program for a
reference period of 28 years. The recommended investment program specified in
detail in Section 6 of the Master plan lists all possible measures for the water sector in
Kardzhali but needs to be checked against the affordability criterion. Standard unit
prices along with prioritisation criteria have been established and used (described in
Chapter 4) in the development of the investment programme. The following
investment elements have been envisaged as necessary for the region in the short-,
medium- and long term periods
Table 5-32 Proposed investments in water supply
Short term Medium term Long term Category of work Total Cost Category of work Total Cost Category of work Total Cost Water abstraction - € Water abstraction 180,000 € Water abstraction - €
DWTP 5,315,400 € DWTP - € DWTP - € Water mains 26,680,400 € Water mains 12,967,400 € Water mains - € Distribution networks
5,532,000 € Distribution networks
12,198,000 € Distribution networks
20,464,700 €
Reservoirs and tanks
888,800 € Reservoirs and
tanks - €
Reservoirs and tanks
60,000 €
Pumping stations - € Pumping stations 15,000 € Pumping stations 105,000 € Miscellaneous 5,318,600 € Miscellaneous - € Miscellaneous 300,000 €
Total 43,735,200 € Total 25,360,400 € Total 20,929,700 €
Table 5-33 Proposed investments in wastewater discharge and treatment
Short term Medium term Long term Category of work Total cost Category of work Total cost Category of work Total cost
WWTP 9,415,700 € WWTP - € WWTP - € Main collectors 13,552,200 € Main collectors 8,448,900 € Main collectors 23,625,500 €
Sewerage 14,804,400 € Sewerage 38,009,400 € Sewerage 28,180,200 €
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Short term Medium term Long term network network network
WW Pumping station
- € WW Pumping
station - €
WW Pumping station
- €
Miscellaneous 3,597,100 € Miscellaneous 25,529,100 € Miscellaneous 25,327,300 € Total 41,369,400 € Total 71,987,400 € Total 77,133,000 €
In addition, funds are allocated for each period for the preparation of feasibility studies (1% of investment costs), design (4%), supervision (5%), project management (3%) and contingencies (10%). The total value of proposed construction works is € 85,104,600 for the short-term period, € 97,347,800 for the medium-term and € 98,062,700 for the long-term period. A total of € 36,467,100 is envisaged for studies, design and supervision, and another € 28,051,400 are allocated for contingencies, producing a grand total of € 345,033,600 for investment costs of water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali.
In the overall programme the biggest relative share is that of sewerage infrastructure investments which equals almost 68% of all investment activities. The short-term investment period envisages predominantly investments in the water supply infrastructure which is almost 51.38% of the total costs. In the medium- and long-term period the sewerage infrastructure costs amount respectively to 74% and 79% of the envisaged total investment costs.
Affordability estimates require the establishment of incremental operation and maintenance costs that will influence tariff formation and the ability-to-pay for water and wastewater services. Incremental operation and maintenance costs are calculated on the basis of the assumptions, listed in detail in Chapter 4, while a summary is provided below:
• Water supply – annual maintenance and operation costs as follows: Equipment and machinery (3% of construction costs). Water mains (0.15%). Distribution network (0.5%). Civil works (0.5%). Electricity (0.11 €/kWh);
• Wastewater discharge – annual maintenance and operation costs as follows:
Equipment and machinery (3% of construction costs). Main collectors
(0.20%). Secondary sewerage network (0.6%). Civil works (0.6%). Electricity
(0.11 €/kWh);
• Wastewater treatment plants – annual maintenance and operation costs of
4.5% (all inclusive).
In addition, the following distribution of construction investment costs has been
assumed in order to derive a realistic estimate of incremental operation and
maintenance costs.
Table 5-34 Distribution of construction investment costs
Pipes Civil works Mechanical and
electrical equipment
New wells 70% 30%
DWTP 55% 45%
New water mains 85% 15%
Distribution network 100%
External water mains 100%
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Pumping stations 60% 40%
WWTP 55% 45%
Main sewerage collectors 100%
Wastewater pumping stations 60% 40%
Sewerage network 100%
The methodology of affordability calculations involves several subsequent steps as
follows:
• Determination of the maximum possible revenues given the projected
consumption and the upper limit of tariffs at 4% of the average income of the
first 3 decile groups. If the envisaged investments are impossible to be
implemented and/or their implementation will be significantly limited under the
adopted threshold, one more scenario under an affordability threshold of 4%
of the income of households of the 3-rd decile has been examined. This
calculation does not include level of revenue collection as water operators are
not allowed to account for this category when proposing tariffs in front of the
Regulatory body. Revenues from institutional and industrial clients are also
included in order to fully simulate the income cash flow within the operator
despite the fact that they are not affected by affordability calculations;
• Projections for the existing operation and maintenance costs and
depreciations (“without the project” scenario). After a statistical analysis for
price changes against the average inflation, all operation and maintenance
costs are held at their current level in constant 2011 prices except for
personnel costs which increase in line with the real GDP growth.
• Projections for the incremental costs of new investments (“with the project”
scenario) for each of the investment periods. The above assumptions have
been used to calculate operation and maintenance costs for new investments.
Due to the larger share of investments in water supply systems in the
medium- and long-term, existing costs have been reduced because of
efficiency improvements and reduction of losses;
• Projections for the incremental depreciations as a result of the new
investments (“with the project” scenario) for each of the investment periods.
The following assumptions have been used: 50 years useful life for pipes; 45
years useful life for civil works; 10 years useful life for mechanical and
electrical equipment. 30 years useful life for all other infrastructure elements.
All assets which reach the end of their useful life are replaced and
depreciations are calculated on the replacement value. Different scenarios
can be assumed for depreciations – equal depreciations for each of the years
in the reference period, increasing depreciations, partial depreciations (as
required by the rules of current Operational Programme). etc. Three scenarios
have been simulated for the territory of Kardzhali – full linear depreciation,
partial 50% linear depreciation and without accounting for depreciation of the
new assets.
• Accounting for the sources of financing – EU and national grant funding,
municipal co-financing, loans from national or international financing
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institutions. 2 scenarios have been calculated – 100% grant financing and
90% grant financing / 10% loan financing. It has to be noted that if loans are
taken by the municipality, currently there is no legal way of integrating them
into water and wastewater tariffs. However, the affordability analysis assumes
that loan payments are included as tariff formation element (e.g. loan paid
back by the water company);
• Determining the difference between overall revenues and overall operation
and maintenance costs in all possible scenarios. In case the difference is a
positive number, investments are considered affordable as the operator will
generate enough revenues from affordable tariffs to cover all operation and
maintenance costs (including replacement of assets with shorter life span). If
the established difference is negative, then investments are not affordable and
an investment limit is provided for each of the periods.
The maximum possible revenues from domestic and non-domestic consumption at an
affordability threshold of 4% of the average income of the first 3 decile groups and 4%
of the income of the 3-rd decile are presented below. Considering the current (2011)
operating and maintenance costs of 3,619,000 it is obvious that using tariffs under a
threshold of 4% of the first three decile groups would endanger the financial stability of
Water Supply and Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali. Due to this reason a scenario
including maximum affordable tariffs for WSS services under a threshold of 4% of the
income of the 3-rd decile has also been envisaged. Considering the water losses
reaching up to 62% in 2011 the calculations have been made with gradual reduction of
losses up to 25% in 2038.
Table 5-35 Maximum level of revenues at the affordability thresholds, EUR
Potential revenues 2016 2021 2028 2038
Revenues from domestic consumption at
tariffs set according to 4% of the average
income of the first 3 decile groups, EUR
3,360,905 4,199,784 5,739,079 8,708,735
Revenues from public and industrial
consumption at tariffs set according to 4% of
the average income of the first 3 decile
groups, EUR
974,151 1,337,550 2,089,915 3,963,784
Total revenues at tariffs set according to 4% of
the average income of the first 3 decile
groups, EUR
4,335,055 5,537,334 7,828,993 12,672,519
Existing operation and maintenance costs are calculated on the basis of the historical
figures for 2010 and 2011 (in 2011 constant prices). The table below is indicative of
the situation in which no investments will be implemented for the reference period
(“without the project” scenario). Table 5-36 Current and projected O&M costs (“without-the-project” scenario). EUR
2011 2016 2021 2028 2038
&M costs. EUR including: 3,043,209 3,318,079 3,696,898 4,341,987 5,559,143
Materials incl. electricity 755,178 755,178 755,178 755,178 755,178
External services 250,022 250,022 250,022 250,022 250,022
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Personnel 1,874,396 2,149,265 2,528,085 3,173,174 4,390,330
Salaries 1,298,681 1,489,126 1,751,592 2,198,544 3,041,854
Social security 575,715 660,140 776,493 974,630 1,348,476
Other operating costs 163,613 163,613 163,613 163,613 163,613
CAPEX - depreciation 576,226 576,226 576,226 576,226 576,226
Incremental O&M costs for new investments except for depreciations for each of the
investment periods are calculated on the basis of the described assumptions and
distribution of funding between pipes / civil works / mechanical and electrical
equipment. Full operation and maintenance costs need to be calculated in water and
wastewater tariffs. CAPEX depreciation costs include only incremental depreciations
resulting only from new investments and do not account for existing depreciations.
Existing depreciations, including on-going investments, are equal and included in both
“without the project „and “with the project” scenarios. Periodic maintenance costs are
calculated in the operating costs on the basis of the assumptions listed in Chapter 4 of
the Master Plan.
Table 5-37 Incremental annual O&M costs water supply investments, EUR
Category of work Short term Medium term Long term
Total O&M Total O&M Total O&M
Water abstraction - € 2,250.00 € - €
DWTP 86,375.25 € - € - €
Water mains 40,020.60 € 19,451.10 € - €
Distribution networks 27,660.00€ 60,990.00 € 102,323.50 €
Reservoirs and tanks 7,777.00 € - € 525.00 €
Pumping stations - € 225.00 € 1,575.00 €
Miscellaneous 159,558.00 € - € 9,000.00 €
Total 321,390.85 € 82,916.10 € 113,423.50 €
Table 5-38 Incremental annual O&M costs, wastewater investments, EUR
Category of work Short term Medium term Long term
Total O&M Total O&M Total O&M
WWTP 423,706.50 € - € - €
Main collectors 27,104.40 € 16,897.80 € 47,251.00 €
Sewerage network 88,826.40 € 228,056.40 € 169,081.20 €
WW Pumping station - € - € - €
Miscellaneous 107,913.00 € 765,873.00 € 759,819.00 €
Total 647,550.30 € 1,010,827.20 € 976,151.20 €
Three possible scenarios are calculated with regard to depreciations: 1) linear 100%
depreciations on new investments and replacement costs, 2) linear 50% depreciations
on new investments and replacement costs and 3) 0% depreciations on new
investments and replacement costs.
Other scenarios may also be looked at, e.g. progressively increasing depreciations.
However, these are currently limited by the conditions imposed by the regulatory body.
Table 5-39 Depreciations of new assets, EUR
2016 2021 2028 2038
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Depreciation (linear. 100%) 2,381,637 4,674,081 6,981,365 6,981,365
Depreciation (linear. 50%) 714,491 1,402,224 2,094,410 2,094,410
Depreciation (0%) 0 0 0 0
Partial loan financing can be considered as a complement to different depreciation
scenarios. Currently, two scenarios are elaborated – full grant financing and 10% own
co-financing by means of a loan payable for 10 years with a 7% interest rate but these
can be easily extended with various financing alternatives. It has to be noted that the
assumption of using municipal loan payments in tariff formation is not realistic at the
current moment because it does not represent an expenditure of the water company
and consequently it cannot be justified before the Regulatory authority. Nevertheless,
this assumption is worth considering in case of legislation changes.
Table 5-40 Loan payments in case of 10% co-financing, EUR
2016 2021 2028 2038
Loan payments (0% own co-financing) 0 0 0 0
Loan payments (10% own co-financing) 1,054,878 2,332,107 2,563,838 1,286,609
Identifying the affordable investment amounts depends strongly on the type of
investments and the resulting depreciation and operation and maintenance costs.
Using an affordability threshold of 4 % of the average income of the first 3 decile
groups will seriously affect the investment realization options of Water Supply and
Sewerage OOD – Kardzhali even under a scenario of 0% depreciation of new assets.
The net cash flows resulting from the affordability calculations are presented below.
Regardless of the reasons stated above, Table 5-40 shows also the results of the
financial affordability calculations under an affordability threshold of 4% of the average
income of the first 3 decile groups.
Table 5-41 Net cash flows, EUR
2016 2021 2028 2038
Financial flow (100% depreciation
and 0% co-financing) -2,909,827 -5,472,555 -7,222,845 -3,596,474
Financial flow (30% depreciation and
0% co-financing) -1,242,682 -2,200,699 -2,335,889 1,290,481
Financial flow (0% depreciation of
new assets) -528,191 -798,474 -241,480 3,384,891
Financial flow (100% depreciation
and 10% co-financing) -3,964,705 -7,804,662 -9,786,683 -4,883,083
Financial flow (30% depreciation of
new assets and 10% co-financing) -2,297,560 -4,532,806 -4,899,727 3,873
Financial flow (0% depreciation of
new assets and 10% co-financing) -1,583,069 -3,130,582 -2,805,317 2,098,283
The financial flows analysis shows that the options for implementation of the
investment programme are realistic in a scenario without including depreciation of new
assets, reduction of investments and with tariffs conforming to an affordability
threshold of 4% of the average income of the first three decile groups.
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In all cases, the investment is considered affordable if revenues generated at tariffs
set to 4% of the average income of the first 3 deciles are sufficient to cover the full
O&M costs and full depreciation of assets.
The analysis of the results shows that the implementation of short-term programme in
the beginning of the period accumulates shortage, which allows for approximately
45% implementation of investment proposed (EUR 47,105,300). In case of partial
depreciation of new assets (30% and 100% grant funding) and the income of the
lowest-income three decile groups, accumulated shortage cannot be eliminated
without reducing the amount of the investment programme. With partial (30%)
depreciation, the affordable amount of investments represents about 25% of the
planned investment components or an approximate value of € 26,169,700. In case of
full depreciation, the possible investment options are very limited and the accumulated
shortage may lead to deterioration of the company’s financial stability.
The medium-term programme amounting to € 119,737,800 can be implemented at
75% (EUR 89,803,400) without accounting for depreciation and with 100% grant
funding of new assets and a threshold of 4% of the average income of the first three
decile groups plus 45% implementation of investments in the short-term programme.
In case of partial depreciation (30%), approximately 28% may be implemented or EUR
33,526,612 in case the short-term programme is reduced by approximately 55%.
If the short-term and medium-term programmes are implemented, the long-term
programme is affordable in a scenario of 0% co-financing and without accounting the
depreciation of new investments. If the short-term and medium-term programmes are
reduced – by 55% for the short-term and 25% for the medium-term programme (as
described above), the long-term programme can be implemented at approximately
43% (EUR 51,865,400) with partial (30%) depreciation of new assets. An option of full
depreciation and 100% grant funding significantly reduces the possibilities for
realisation of planned investments and this requires the implementation of measures
for optimizing the costs.
The table below present the amount of possible investment costs in the three
investment programmes with an affordability threshold of 4% of the average income of
the first three decile groups and in a scenario of partial depreciation of new assets
and 100% grant financing.
Table 5-42 Maximum investment programmes value (investment component) at a threshold of 4% of
the average income of the first three decile groups and 30% depreciation, EUR
Affordability threshold 2016 2021 2028 Total value
Financial flow (30%
depreciation and 0% co-
financing)
26,169,700 33,526,612 51,865,400 111,561,712
The identification of affordable levels of investments for all three investment periods is
highly dependent on the type of investments and the resulting depreciation and
operation and maintenance costs. Despite the complexity of the situation, it should be
noted that the time horizon of the three investment programmes is substantial.
Therefore, it is necessary to point out that the longer-term predictions are developed,
the greater their uncertainty. This is due to the fact that even seemingly small changes
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in the external environment, such as degree of population increase / decrease or
economic development can lead to fundamental differences, if these changes prove to
be sustainable over time. For this reason, it should be considered that the values of
the short-term investment programme are more reliable than those in the medium-
and long-term programmes.
Nevertheless, the results of the macro-affordability analysis of investment
programmes lead to the conclusion that their full implementation requires to provide
options for using higher tariff levels, formed at a threshold of 4% of the income of the
third decile in certain periods. Thus, depreciation of new assets may be covered
without jeopardizing the financial stability of the operator.
An increase in the threshold for price formation of the service provided may put a
significant financial pressure on lower income household and result in lower tariff
collection rates.
Other affordability risks that might be identified include faster than the expected
depopulation, slower than predicted economic development in comparison with the
national average, changes in the income structure (more households with lower
income), etc.
Because of these reasons, appropriate incentive schemes need to be established for
lower income households so that the projects can be financially viable and
sustainable. This might include increasing block tariffs for water services and social
support for the economically deprived households and/or implementing different tariffs
for domestic and industrial consumers.
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6. SHORT, MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME TO MEET WATER AND WASTEWATER DEVELOPMENT TARGETS
6.1. INVESTMENT PROGRAMME OVERVIEW
GENERAL APPROACH 6.1.1.
This chapter presents the short, medium and long-term investment programmes,
which include all the investment measures necessary for:
1) Achievement of full compliance with EU and Bulgarian legislation;
2) Implementation of the objectives set in the national water strategy.
The proposed investment programmes take into consideration the results of all the
Chapters described above. The main tasks performed in the chapters above and in
this chapter are as follows:
• Comparison of the existing situation with the national objectives and
strategies;
• Identification of all investment measures required for implementation of the
objectives and removal of existing deficiencies;
• Calculation of the investment costs;
• Evaluation of various options and identification of the least costly, most
affordable solution;
• Grouping of all identified investment measures in short-term, medium-term
and long-term investment phases;
• Prioritization of the investment measures defined in each phase;
• Description of the outcomes and benefits expected from the investment
measures;
• Assurance of financial viability of the proposed programmes, verification of the
sustainability of the programmes and the assessment of the risks related to
the programme implementations.
Reference is made to Chapter 4.1.3. “General Methodology for Phasing and
Prioritization” for a detailed description of the methodology and Chapter 4.1.2. “Unit
Costs”.
SUMMARY OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAMME 6.1.2.
The table below presents a summary of the investment costs for all investment stages.
The calculated costs for the short-term programme amount to EUR 104,678,600 , the
costs for the medium-term programme are € 119,737,800, while the costs for the long-
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term programme amount to € 120,617,200. The total investment costs for the entire
programme period amount to approximately € 345,033,600.
Table 6-1 Investment costs for all stages (in €)
Investment component Short-term Medium-term Long-term Total
Water supply 38,183,000 € 25,697,900 € 20,929,700 € 84,810,600 €
Sewerage 39,866,400 € 73,496,500 € 77,133,000 € 190,495,900 €
Total construction costs 78,049,400 € 99,194,400 € 98,062,700 € 275,306,500 €
Studies and supervision 10,146,400 € 12,895,200 € 12,748,200 € 35,789,800 €
Contingencies 7,804,900 € 9,919,500 € 9,806,300 € 27,530,700 €
Total investment costs 96,000,700 € 122,009,100 € 1 20,617,200 € 338,627,000 €
The following additional costs are included in the total investment costs: 1% for
feasibility studies, 4% for design, 5% for supervision, 3% for project management or
for supervision and control amounting to a total of €36,467,100 and another 10% of
contingencies amounting to a total of € 28,051,400.
The current prices of the services provided by Vodosnabdyavane i Kanalizatsiya OOD
Kardzhali are below the maximum affordable tariffs at a threshold of 4% of the income
of the first three decile groups, which allows to use the established threshold. Macro-
affordability analysis of the three investment programmes with an affordability
threshold of 4% of the average income of the first three decile groups indicates that
the implementation of the proposed investment components is most viable only in a
scenario without accounting depreciation of new assets, 100% grant funding and
reduction of investment costs in the short and medium term, as described in item 5.4.
The options for partial depreciation allows for limited implementation of investments
planned in all of the proposed investment programmes. In this context, there are risks
associated with a decrease in the quality of services provided by the Operator to
citizens, institutions and businesses. In this regard, it is possible to propose an option
for higher prices formed at a higher threshold in certain time periods in order to make
the proposed investments. This would ensure the financial sustainability of the
Operator.
Despite the outlined reasons, the investment components amounting to 85,104,600 in
short-term programme are feasible to approximately 45% in a scenario without taking
into account depreciation of new assets. The implementation of the programme
including 30% depreciation of new assets, allows for execution of 25% of the
proposed investments with the tariff formation threshold employed for calculations.
The medium-term investment programme is feasible at 75% without taking into
account depreciation of new assets and using a threshold of 4% of the income of the
3rd decile group. In case of 30% depreciation of new assets and reduction of the short-
term programme by nearly 55% (as described above), the amount of the investment
component is approximately € 33,526,612 or 28% of investments planned, Similar to
the short-term programme, the revenues generated at tariffs formed at a lower
threshold allow for implementation of limited investments in water and wastewater
infrastructure within the designated territory.
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The investment component of the long-term investment programme amounts to €
98,062,700 and it is fully feasible if the depreciation is not taken into account. In 30%
depreciation (if the previous two investment programmes are reduced), and in an
affordability threshold of 4% the average income of the first three decile groups the
long-term investment programme is feasible at approximately 43% and the potential
costs amount to € 51,865,400.
The degree of implementation of the investment components depends entirely the
method of financing and the level of coverage of depreciation, operation and
maintenance costs. As noted the employed approach brings certain risks due to
declining and aging population, slow economic development and possible reluctance
to pay higher tariffs.
Besides the investment programme described below, the Consultant recommends
carrying out several studies or a programme, as follows:
Institutional studies
A set of institutional studies (and analysis of the effectiveness of territorial divisions)
should be conducted after the publication of the new Water Act which is currently
under preparation. These studies, which should integrate local, district and national
levels, must contain:
• analysis of services in terms of personnel and technical management
• analysis of the effectiveness of territorial divisions
• analysis on the possible merging of different WSS companies (publics,
private)
• analysis of results of settlement exchanges between different WSS
companies
• analysis of budget results regarding the actual rules applied by the Bulgarian
Regulator and the recommended European rules
These studies are not included in the investment programme and cannot be quantified
at this stage. The Consultant proposes this type of study because ambitious technical
investment programmes can only be effective if they are consistent with a high level of
service.
NRW reduction programme
The operators must have a policy management and meter replacement, based on age
(recommended maximum between 10 and 14 years), the efficiency of the metering
(water meter size should be suitable for the consumption of the subscriber) and the
quality of the installation and monitoring. The same policy should be conducted at the
level of the metering points on the external water supply system (the age of
replacement depends on the material). This is an important recommendation but is not
integrated because it is not possible to quantify it and since this programme should be
financed by the operators
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Sludge management study
The Consultant recommends possible alternatives for sludge management in future
feasibility and design studies but also to initiate a specific study on undertaking actions
on national level with several pilot sites.
The abovementioned study includes several components:
• Analysis and proposed regulatory changes regarding Bulgarian sludge
management
• Assessment of the industrial situation on the pilot sites
• Assessment of the existing sludge management on the pilot sites
• Determination of potential agricultural uses for the pilot sites
• Future interaction with potential consumers
• Socio-economic measures and communications to educate the public
concerned
• Design educational courses
• Assistance in the implementation of contracts between operators and end
users of sewage sludge
The Consultant recommends integrating the reuse of treated water from WWTP to this
sludge management approach.
The Consultant recommends that one or several pilot sites should be selected on the
territory of ViK OOD Kardzhali.
Non-domestic wastewater management programme
The Consultant recommends the implementation of a comprehensive study, which
may include the following:
• General study at national level:
o Analysis and review of European legislation
o Analysis and assessment of the Bulgarian legislation
o Proposition of amendments
• General principles to be implement at local level:
Establish a specific contract between the WSS company and each wastewater sector
stakeholders, which may include the following:
o Descriptions of industrial processes and the nature of the effluent.
o Establishment of a point of continuous flow monitoring with periodic
return data to the WSS company and to the corresponding public
authorities (municipality, municipal council etc…)
o Implementation of a tracking point pollution control with periodic
return data to the WSSC and to the corresponding public authorities
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(choice of parameters depending on the nature of the effluent, the
minimum COD, BOD5, total suspended solids, N, P)
o Discharge authorization with a description of the permitted effluent
quality parameters.
o Implementation of treatment before discharge in the wastewater
collection system with strict monitoring and periodic return data to
the WSS company and to the corresponding public authorities, if
necessary
6.2. SHORT-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME
INVESTMENT COSTS 6.2.1.
The investment costs presented in the tables below are net costs excluding VAT,
constant price base 2011 in EUR.
Water supply 6.2.1.1.
The main problems in the external water supply systems are:
• 36% of the water sources are with expired water use permits;
• The SPZs are not established pursuant to Ordinance 3 from 16.10.2000.
• Water in some of the water sources does not comply with Ordinance 9 from
16.03.2001 on the quality of water intended for drinking and household
purposes;
• A large part of the treatment facilities is of low reliability;
• 50% of the water reservoirs and pumping stations were constructed in the
period between 1940 and 1988. The equipment and fixtures are obsolete and
technically old. The pumps are in satisfactory condition, but with high power
consumption and there are no spare parts;
• The external water mains of the systems amount to 93.06 km – built of steel,
asbestos cement, reinforced concrete and constructed between 1930 and
1980. A small part of the water mains is built of modern materials, constructed
after 1998 and in good technical condition, the share of pipes in terms of
material being 25% for the asbestos cement pipes, 69% for the steel pipes
and 6% built of modern materials. The majority of pipes is old and obsolete.
The leakages from compromised connections, corroded and deformed pipes
generate large water losses and create risks of drinking water shortage and
deterioration of water quality. Water mains do not have established
easements – difficult access and maintenance.
The main problems in the distribution networks are:
• The networks are of total length amounting to approximately 181.1 km – about
17% of polyethylene pipes with good indicators, 73% of asbestos cement
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pipes and 10% of steel and galvanized pipes with expired operation period,
which is a cause for water losses along the network varying from 40 to 60%;
• The total number of failures in the systems for 2011 is 476 or 0.38 failures per
km;
• Service connections – over 16,675 service connections are built mainly of
galvanized pipes, whose operation period has expired;
• About 90% of the metering devices are over 10 years old.
The short-term programme includes investment measures aimed at:
• Elimination of the main deficits concerning the water quality and quantity;
• Increasing energy efficiency.
The approximate costs for the short-term programme – Water supply, amount to
€ 43,735,200 and include the following investment components:
• Rehabilitation and modernization of DWTP and the associated chlorination
plants;
• Implementation of chlorination at the pressure reservoirs pursuant to the
requirements of the regulations;
• Construction of the required regulating volumes for the areas experiencing
water shortage;
• Reconstruction of main external water mains that generate large water losses;
• Reconstruction of the water distribution network, parallel to the replacement of
the sewerage network, intended in the short-term programme;
• Reconstruction of facilities (pressure reservoirs, pumping stations and water
sources) aimed at the increase of energy efficiency and reduction of physical
water losses.
• Water supply zoning study for the settlements within Kardzhali District with a
population of below 2,000 PE. These studies will define the best options for
centralized or decentralized water supply.
• Rehabilitation of civil works and equipment as well as power supply to
Chlorination facilities to gravity-fed reservoirs /settlements of less than 2,000
PE/.
The following results will be achieved with the implementation of the envisaged
activities:
• Supplying sufficient quantity of quality drinking water to all consumers;
• Reducing the water losses occurring in some of the transmission water mains
in the following towns: Kardzhali, Momchilgrad, Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel
and the village of Benkovski.
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The envisaged chlorination activities will affect the quality of the water supplied to
65,488 consumers.
The rehabilitation of obsolete water mains will decrease the risk of failures in these
sections and will ensure continuous water supply to about 65,488 residents.
The table below presents the summarized short-term investment costs for water
supply. A detailed list of all the investment measures is presented in the tables related
to the respective sections of Chapter 6 and in the diagrams showing the Sort-term,
Medium-term and Long-term Investment Programmes for the water supply network of
every town (drawings №№ 15,17,19,21,23,25).
Table 6-2 Short-term investments for water supply (in €)
Category of
work Wat
er
abst
ract
ion
DW
TP
Wat
er m
ains
Dis
trib
utio
n
netw
ork
Wat
er r
eser
voirs
and
tank
s
Pum
ping
stat
ions
Mis
cella
neou
s
Total short-term
investment costs
for water supply
Code WS_1 WS_2 WS_3 WS_4_1 WS_4_2 WS_4_3 WS_5 S-T
Total per
category 0 5,315,400 26,680,400 5,532,000 888,800 0 5,318,600
43,735,200
Kardzhali 0 3,700,000 25,232,000 233,700 888,800 0 0
30,054,500
Momchilgrad 0 38,600 0 0 0 0 0
38,600
Krumovgrad 0 72,200 0 1,290,300 0 0 0
1,362,500
Ardino 0 104,600 0 1,182,600 0 0 0
1,287,200
Dzhebel 0 38,600 1,448,400 1,236,900 0 0 0
2,723,900
Benkovski 0 19,300 0 1,588,600 0 0 0
1,607,900
ViK
Kardzhali 0
1,342,200 0 0 0 0
5,318,600 6,660,800
Sewerage 6.2.1.2.
The analyses, based on the studies of the wastewater collection, disposal and
treatment infrastructure lead to the following conclusions concerning the current state
of the structures and facilities:
• The major part of the sewerage networks, where they have been constructed,
function as combined ones – collecting wastewater, industrial and storm
water;
• Very few of the villages have constructed sewerage network;
• A problem in all of the towns is the incomplete street sewerage network, which
leads to soil and groundwater pollution due to the wastewater disposal in old
absorption pits. There is a high health risk to the population. Cleaning costs
for the individual septic tanks are high and respectively there is a lower
number of subscribers serviced by the WSS operator.
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• The condition of a large part of the existing sewerage network is poor –
insufficient diameters, small and reverse slopes, sewerage construction of low
quality, the speed of the wastewater movement is below the admissible
minimum and lack of local treatment facilities. There are areas with insufficient
depth, subsidence, infiltration. There are also compromised sections, where
failures occur very often due to the many years of operation. There are
clogged sewerage service connections as well as manholes with
compromised integrity or sealed lids. Some of the storm water overflows are
not constructed. There are sections whose routes are outside the roadway;
• There are no constructed WWTP on the territory served by ViK OOD-
Kardzhali and wastewater is discharged without treatment in rivers or other
water bodies. There is also a risk of floods – due to the insufficient capacity of
the existing sewerage network and surface drainage, in times of intensive
rainfall a part of the estates are flooded and the streets become impassable;
• Lack of data from infiltration measurements in the existing sewerage
networks.
To date, Kardzhali Municipality has an on-going project for the construction of a
WWTP and intercepting collector, expansion and reconstruction of the water supply
and sewerage network under OP “Environment”, whose implementation will solve the
main problems of the sewerage infrastructure and the tasks of the short-term
programme.
Currently, Momchilgrad Municipality has an on-going project for the construction of a
WWTP, reconstruction, modernization and completion of the water supply and
sewerage network, whose implementation will solve the main problems of the
sewerage infrastructure and the short-term programme measures will be implemented
in this agglomeration.
The requirements of Directive 91/27/EEC concerning the wastewater treatment for
agglomerations between 2,000 and 10,000 PE should be implemented by 2014.
The short-term programme includes investment measures aimed at:
• Construction of a WWTP and intercepting collectors for all agglomerations
with over 2,000 PE in order to ensure compliance with the Wastewater
Treatment Directive;
• Reconstruction of the already constructed but severely obsolete sewerage
network, in order to reduce the infiltration and eliminate other major
deficiencies, which will ensure efficient operation of the WWTP.
The approximate costs for the short-term investment programme – Sewerage, amount
to € 39,866,400 and include the following components:
• Construction of sewerage network in the residential quarters without one;
• Expansion of the sewerage network in agglomerations with over 2,000 PE –
Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel, Benkovski, in order to achieve about 90% of
connection rate of the population to the sewerage system;
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• Reconstruction of the existing sewerage collectors of insufficient hydraulic
capacity that have been placed at small depth. This way the overloading of
the network will be avoided and the risk of flooding will be reduced;
• Reconstruction of sewerage network with expired operation period and large
infiltration – these are mainly sewerage sections constructed of concrete pipes
of small length (1 m) with a large number of problematic zones (the
connections between the pipes);
• Reconstruction of the existing sewerage collectors with reverse or lower than
the normatively permissible minimum longitudinal slope, as well as
reconstruction of collectors with impaired construction;
• Construction of Strom water overflows;
• Construction of new or extension of the existing main collectors in order to
connect new residential quarters to the WWTP;
• Construction of new intercepting collectors and WWTP for the following
agglomerations: Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel, Benkovski;
• Sewerage zoning studies for the small settlements, which are not connected
to a WWTP.
The following results will be achieved with the implementation of the envisaged
activities:
• Avoiding groundwater pollution and reducing to a minimum the risk to the
human health. Preventing the discharge of untreated wastewater in rivers and
water bodies;
• Increasing the connection rate of the population to the sewerage network to
90%;
• Improving the quality of the WSS services as well as improving the ecological
status of the environment;
• Reducing infiltration and achieving constant operation mode of the WWTP,
reducing operation costs for the treatment of the excessively diluted
wastewater;
• Preventing overloading of the sewerage networks, reducing the risk of floods
and soil and groundwater pollution;
• Preventing soil pollution and pollution of rivers and other water bodies with
untreated wastewater.
The table below presents a summary of the short-term investment costs for sewerage.
A detailed list of all investment measures is presented in tables to the respective
sections of Chapter 6 and in the drawings showing the “Short-term, Medium-term and
Long-term Investment Programmes” for the sewerage network of each settlement
(drawings №№ 28,30,32,34,36,38).
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Table 6-3 Short-term investments for sewerage (in €)
Category of work
WW
TP
Mai
n co
llect
ors
Sew
erag
e ne
twor
k
Sew
erag
e pu
mpi
ng s
tatio
ns
Mis
cella
neou
s
Total short-term investment costs
for sewerage
Code WW_1 WW_2 WW_3_1 WW_3_2 WW_4
S-T
Total per category
9,415,700 13,552,200 14,804,400 0 3,597,100
41,369,400
Kardzhali 0 1,443,700 49,700 0 9,600
1,503,000 Momchilgrad 0 0 0 0 0
0
Krumovgrad 2,836,600 4,305,500 3,764,100 0 116,000
11,022 200 Ardino 2,536,700 1,131,000 2,119,800 0 10,000
5,797,500
Dzhebel 2,376,600 5,663,500 5,885,000 0 88,000
14,013,100 Benkovski 1,665,800 1,008,500 2,985,800 0 20,000
5,680,100
ViK Kardzhali 0 0 0 0 3,353,500
3,353,500
Overall short-term investment costs 6.2.1.3.
A summary of the short-term investment costs, at the level of the WSS operator, for water supply and sewerage is presented below. The table includes the costs for all investment measures identified for the short-term investment phase (irrespective of the priorities). The overall short-term investment costs amount to approximately € 104,678,600.
Table 6-4 Overall short-term investments for water supply
Code Category of work Total cost
WS_1 Water abstraction - € WS_2 DWTP 5,315,400 € WS_3 Water mains 26,680,400 € WS_4_1 Distribution network 5,532,000 € WS_4_2 Water reservoirs and tanks 888,800 € WS_4_3 Pumping stations - € WS_5 Miscellaneous 5,318,600 € WS system construction cost 43,735,200 €
Feasibility studies 1% Design 4% Supervision 5% Project management 3% Studies and supervision cost 5,685,600 €
Contingencies 10% Contingency cost 4,373,500 €
Total cost 53,794,300 €
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Table 6-5 Overall short-term investments for sewerage (in €)
Code Category of work Total cost
WW_1 WWTP 9,415,700 € WW_2 Main collectors 13,552,200 € WW_3_1 Sewerage network 14,804,400 € WW_3_2 Sewerage pumping station - € WW_4 Miscellaneous 3,597,100 €
Sewerage construction cost 41,369,400 €
Feasibility studies 1% Design 4% Supervision 5% Project management 3%
Studies and supervision cost 5,378,000 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingency cost 4,136,900 €
Total cost 50,884,300 €
PRIORITIZED SHORT-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME 6.2.2.
The table below shows the list of all identified investment components prioritized
according to the Consultant’s methodology (see Appendix 4-7). The investment costs
for each component, the population in the respective Water Supply Zone (or
Population Equivalent for wastewater components), the cost per inhabitant (or
equivalent inhabitant) as well as the expected outcome of the measures are presented
in the table. The table also shows that the components cover all measures necessary
to achieve compliance with EU and national legislation as well as measures for
efficiency improvement.
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Table 6-6 Prioritized short-term investment programme
Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points
**
1 1 WS Kardzhali -
V21-WS-1
Rehabilitation and renewal
of Enchets DWTP 3,700,000 54,317 68
Increasing the DWTP
efficiency and ensuring
good quality indicators of
the treated water
80
2 3 WS Kardzhali -
V21-WS-1
Construction of second
chamber of reservoir of
2,500 m³
888,800 54,317 16
Securing the population
with the necessary
regulation capacity
80
3 13.1 WS Kardzhali
District
Water supply zoning study
for the settlements in
Kardzhali District with a
population of below 2,000
inhabitants
5,318,600 87,320 61
Planning activities for
environmental protection
and improvement of the
quality of life of the
population in smaller
settlements.
80
4 2 WS Kardzhali -
V21-WS-1
„Reconstruction of external
water transmission mains –
reconstruction of the water
main from Borovitsa dam to
Enchets DWTP, from
DWTP to PR of 13,000 m3
and to PR of 2,500 m3
25,232,000 54,317 465
Increasing water supply
security. Reducing
failures and water losses.
78
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points
**
5 24 WW Kardzhali
District
Sewerage zoning study for
the settlements in Kardzhali
District with population
below 2,000 PE (minimum
50 inhabitants)
3,353,500 80,804 42
Planning activities for the
protection of the
environment and
improving the quality of
life of the population in
smaller settlements.
62
6 17 WW Ardino V21-
WW-4
WWTP, intercepting
collector (reconstruction
and extension) with a
length of 1.986 km,
reconstruction of main
collectors with a length of
2.271km, extension and
reconstruction of sewerage
network with a length of
0.503 km, connection.
2,496,300 3,173 787
Constructed WWTP and
population connected to
the sewerage system,
reducing environmental
pollution with wastewater.
61
7 15 WW Krumovgrad -
V21-WW-3
WWTP, intercepting
collector with length of
0.504 km, sewerage with
length of 4.536 km,
construction of inverted
siphon, completion of the
sewerage network of
connected settlements with
length of 4.378 km,
connection.
8,828,900 6,795 1,299
Constructed WWTP and
population connected to
the sewerage system,
reducing environmental
pollution with wastewater.
60
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points
**
8 4 WS Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Rehabilitation of
construction part and
equipment of chlorination
facility of DC, PS Zagorsko
– disinfection with sodium
hypochlorite.
38,600 7,831 5
Improving water quality
and reducing health risks
to the population.
58
9 13.2 WS ViK Kardzhali
Rehabilitation of
construction part and
equipment, as well as
power supply of the
chlorination facilities to the
water reservoirs supplied by
gravity (villages below
2,000 inh.)
1,342,200 8,117 165
Improving water quality
and reducing health risks
to the population.
58
10 19 WW Dzhebel - V21-
WW-5
WWTP, intercepting
collector with length of
0.997 km, completion of
main collectors with a
length of 3.185 km,
extension of sewerage
network with a length of
5.550 km, reconstruction of
sewerage network with a
length of 4.185 km,
connection.
6,014,000 3,359 1,790
Constructed WWTP and
population connected to
the sewerage system,
reducing environmental
pollution with wastewater.
58
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points
**
11 22 WW Benkovski -
V21-WS-6
WWTP, intercepting
collector with length of
0.180 km, extension of
main collectors with a
length of 2.349 km,
connection.
2,826,300 2,048 1,380
Constructed WWTP and
population connected to
the sewerage system,
reducing environmental
pollution with wastewater.
58
12 5 WS Krumovgrad -
V21-WW-3
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (in the route of
the sewerage network
envisaged for construction)
– 5.8km.
1,290,300 5,070 254
Reducing failures and
water losses. Ensuring
continuous water supply.
57
13 6 WS Krumovgrad -
V21-WW-3
Rehabilitation of
construction part and
equipment of Chlorination
facility PS Krumovgrad 1 –
disinfection with chlorine
gas and chlorination facility
PS Ist uplift – disinfection
with sodium hypochlorite
72,200 5,070 14
Improving water quality
and reducing health risks
to the population.
57
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points
**
14 3.1 WS Kardzhali-
V21-WS-1
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (along the
route of the sewerage
network intended for
construction) – 1.0 km
233,700 2,500 93
Reducing failures and
water losses. Ensuring
continuous water supply
56
15 7 WS Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (in the route of
the sewerage network
envisaged for construction)
– 5.3km.
1,182,600 3,494 338
Reducing failures and
water losses. Ensuring
continuous water supply.
56
16 8 WS Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Rehabilitation of
construction part and
equipment of PS Ardino 2,
CC Daladzha area –
disinfection with sodium
hypochlorite and power
supply for the chlorination
facility of CC Daladzha area
104,600 3,494 33
Improving water quality
and reducing health risks
to the population.
56
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points
**
17 11 WS Dzhebel - V21-
WW-5
Rehabilitation of
construction part and
equipment of PS Dzhebel,
PS Ptichar-1 – disinfection
with sodium hypochlorite.
38,600 3,093 12
Improving water quality
and reducing health risks
to the population.
56
18 13 WS Benkovski -
V21-WS-6
Rehabilitation of
construction part and
equipment of Chlorination
facility PS Dedets –
disinfection with sodium
hypochlorite
19,300 2,121 9
Improving water quality
and reducing health risks
to the population.
56
19 10 WS Dzhebel - V21-
WW-5
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (in the route of
the sewerage network
envisaged for construction)
– 5.7km.
1,236,900 3,093 368
Reducing failures and
water losses. Ensuring
continuous water supply.
55
20 9 WS Dzhebel - V21-
WW-5
Reconstruction of external
transmission water mains –
9.0km
1,448,400 3,093 431
Increasing water supply
security. Reducing
failures and water losses.
54
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points
**
21 12 WS Benkovski -
V21-WS-6
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (in the route of
the sewerage network
envisaged for construction)-
7.5km.
1,588,600 2,121 749
Reducing failures and
water losses. Ensuring
continuous water supply.
50
22 16 WW Krumovgrad -
V21-WW-3
Completion and
reconstruction of sewerage
network with length of 4.211
km, connection.
2,193,300 5,526 397
Connecting new
settlement zones and
reconstruction of
problematic sections.
46
23 18 WW Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Completion and
reconstruction of sewerage
network with length of 3.950
km, connection.
3,301,200 3,173 1,040
Connecting new
settlement zones and
reconstruction of
problematic sections.
44
24 23 WW Benkovski -
V21-WS-6
Completion and
reconstruction of sewerage
network with length of 6.065
km, connection.
2,853,800 2,048 1,393
Connecting new
settlement zones and
reconstruction of
problematic sections.
44
25 20 WW Dzhebel - V21-
WW-5
Completion and
reconstruction of sewerage
network with length of 9.735
km, connection.
4,694,700 3,359 1,398
Connecting new
settlement zones and
reconstruction of
problematic sections.
40
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment Cost Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points
**
26 14 WW Kardzhali – V21
– WW1
Completion and
reconstruction of sewerage
network with length of 3.138
km, connection
1,503,000 3,500 429
Connecting new
settlement zones and
reconstruction of
problematic sections.
31
27 21 WW Dzhebel - V21-
WW-5
Intercepting collectors with
length of 2.990 km and
sewerage with length of
5.850 km of connected
villages, connection with
collectors.
3,304,400 357 9,256
Connection to the
sewerage system and the
WWTP of population of
351 inhabitants, reducing
environmental pollution
with wastewater.
29
* Population in the year 2011 according to data of NSI
** According to the Consultant’s methodology (see appendix 4-7)
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FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONCLUSIONS 6.2.3.
Based on the results of the macro-affordability analysis developed in Chapter 5.4, it
can be concluded that if an affordability threshold of 4% of the average income of the
first three decile groups is applied, the planned investments will be implemented to a
largest extent (45%) in a scenario including depreciation of new assets. In case of
partial depreciation (30%), the amount of investments has to be reduced by nearly
75% in order to ensure the financial stability of the company. The investment
programme can be fully implemented by considering partial depreciation and
increasing the tarrif at a threshold of 4% of the average income of the first three decile
groups.
The projected tariff levels at 4% of the average income of the lowest income groups
are to reach up to 0.82 EUR/m³ in 2016 at average 2013 prices of approximately 0.56
EUR/m³ or an increase of nearly 46.4%. Such an increase in tariffs can make it difficult
for the low-income households to pay the bills for WSS services, which would not be
able to spend 4% of their income for water services. In order to ease the financial
pressure on the first three decile groups, it is necessary to consider options for
differentiated block tariffs according to the consumption rate and/or targeted financial
support to low-income population.
6.3. MEDIUM-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME
INVESTMENT COSTS 6.3.1.
The investment costs presented in the tables below are net costs excluding VAT, with
constant price base 2011 in EUR.
Water supply 6.3.1.1.
The investment measures included in the medium-term programme are aimed at:
• Increasing the efficiency – reducing non-revenue water (water losses), energy
efficiency etc.
• Rehabilitation and expansion of the water supply systems, ensuring
sustainability – rehabilitation and adaptation of the infrastructure.
The approximate costs for the medium-term programme – Water supply, amount to €
25, 360,400 and include the following investment components:
• Reconstruction of the remaining main external water mains and transmission
water mains;
• Reconstruction of the main water main branches in the distribution networks,
sectoring aimed at reducing leakages and operational management;
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• Replacement of pumps and electromechanical equipment in the pumping
stations;
• Rehabilitation of water reservoirs and replacement of fixtures and pipe
systems;
• Improvement of water disinfection and decontamination systems;
The following results will be achieved with the implementation of the envisaged
activities:
• Reducing water losses in the transmission water mains for all of the
concerned water supplied zones;
• Reducing water losses in the external water mains to 25%;
• Reducing water losses in the distribution network and service connections;
• Optimizing the operation of the pumps, increasing energy efficiency of the
system and reducing electricity costs;
• Improving the condition of the water reservoirs;
• Reducing the risk of disinfection of poor quality or overdosing of the reagents
for disinfection.
The table below presents the summarized medium-term investment costs for water
supply.
Table 6-7 Medium-term investments for water supply (in €)
Category of
work Wat
er
abst
ract
ion
DW
TP
Wat
er m
ains
Dis
trib
utio
n
netw
ork
Wat
er
rese
rvoi
rs
and
tank
s
Pum
ping
stat
ions
Mis
cella
neou
s
Total medium-
term investment
costs for water
supply
Code WS_1 WS_2 WS_3 WS_4_1 WS_4_2 WS_4_3 WS_5 M-T
Total per
category 180,000 0 12,967,400 12,198,000 0 15,000 0
25,360,400
Kardzhali 20,000 0 799,200 6,774,400 0 0 0 7,593,600
Momchilgrad 60,000 0 8,374,700 1,569,000 0 0 0 10,003,700
Krumovgrad 20,000 0 1,417,800 1,062,100 0 0 0 2,499,900
Ardino 50,000 0 2,019,800 871,900 0 0 0 2,941,700
Dzhebel 20,000 0 156,000 1,591,700 0 0 0 1,767,700
Benkovski 10,000 0 200,000 329,000 0 15,000 0 554,000
ViK
Kardzhali 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
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Sewerage 6.3.1.2.
The medium-term programme includes investment measures aimed at:
• Expansion of the sewerage network in agglomerations over 2,000 PE –
Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel, Benkovski, in order to achieve about 100%
connection rate of the population to the sewerage system;
• Reconstruction of the connected sewerage networks in order to reduce the
infiltration and removal of other main deficiencies, which will ensure efficient
operation of the WWTP.
The approximate costs for the medium-term programme – Sewerage, amount to €
71,987,400 and include the following investment components:
• Completion of the sewerage network in the residential quarters without
sewerage;
• Reconstruction and rehabilitation of the existing sewerage collectors;
• Reconstruction and rehabilitation of sewerage collectors with large infiltration;
• Construction of Storm water overflows;
• Construction of new and expansion of the existing main collectors aimed at
connecting new residential quarters to the WWTP;
• Implementing the conclusions and recommendations of the Sewerage zoning
studies.
The following results will be achieved with the implementation of the envisaged
activities:
• Increasing the connection rate of the population to the sewerage system from
90% to 95-100% in settlements with over 2,000 PE;
• Reducing the risk of discharging untreated wastewater in rivers and other
water bodies;
• Improving the quality of WSS services for the population and ecological status
of the environment;
• Reducing the infiltration, constant operation mode of the WWTP, reducing
operation costs for the treatment of excessively diluted wastewater;
• Preventing overloading of the sewerage networks, reducing the risk of floods
and soil and groundwater pollution;
• Terminating the discharge of untreated wastewater in soils, rivers and other
water bodies.
The table below presents the summarized investment costs for sewerage. A
detailed list of all investment measures are presented in table 6-11 and in the
diagrams showing the Sort-term, Medium-term and Long-term Investment
Programmes for the sewerage network of every agglomeration with over 2,000
PE.
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Table 6-8 Medium-term investments for sewerage (in €)
Category of work
WW
TP
Mai
n co
llect
ors
Sew
erag
e ne
twor
k
Sew
erag
e pu
mpi
ng s
tatio
ns
Mis
cella
neou
s
Total medium-term investment costs
for sewerage
Code WW_1 WW_2 WW_3_1 WW_3_2 WW_4
M-T
Total per category
0 8,448,900 38,009,400 0 25,529,100
71,987,400
Kardzhali 0 6,656,800 26,728,600 0 730,400
34,115,800 Momchilgrad 0 551,500 2,336,800 0 68,000
2,956,300
Krumovgrad 0 771,400 2,513,900 0 76,000
3,361,300 Ardino 0 469,200 1,356,400 0 0
1,825,600
Dzhebel 0 0 4,139,600 0 48,000
4,187,600 Benkovski 0 0 934,100 0 10,000
944,100
ViK Kardzhali 0 0 0 0 24,596,700
24,596,700
Overall medium-term investment costs 6.3.1.3.
A summary of the medium-term investment costs, at the level of the WSS operator, for water supply and sewerage is presented below. The table includes the costs for all investment measures identified for the medium-term investment phase (irrespective of the priorities). The overall medium-term investment costs amount to about € 119,737,800.
Table 6-9 Overall medium-term investments for water supply
Code Category of work Total cost
WS_1 Water abstraction 180,000 € WS_2 DWTP - € WS_3 Water mains 12,967,400 € WS_4_1 Distribution network 12, 198,000 € WS_4_2 Water reservoirs and tanks - € WS_4_3 Pumping stations 15,000 € WS_5 Miscellaneous - € WS system construction cost 25, 360,400 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4% Supervision 5% Project management 3% Studies and supervision cost 3,296,900 €
Contingencies 10% Contingency cost 2,536,000 €
Total cost 31, 193,300 €
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Table 6-10 Overall medium-term investments for sewerage (in €)
Code Category of work Total cost
WW_1 WWTP - €
WW_2 Main collectors 8,448,900 €
WW_3_1 Sewerage network 38,009,400 €
WW_3_2 Sewerage pumping station - €
WW_4 Miscellaneous 25,529,100 €
Sewerage construction cost 71,987,400 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4%
Supervision 5%
Project management 3%
Studies and supervision cost 9,358,400 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingency cost 7,198,700 €
Total cost 88,544,500 €
PRIORITIZED MEDIUM-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME 6.3.2.
The table 6-11 shows the list of all identified investment components prioritized
according to the Consultant’s methodology (see appendix 4-7). The investment costs
for each component, the population in the respective Water Supply Zone (or
Population Equivalent for wastewater components), the cost per inhabitant (or
equivalent inhabitant) as well as the expected outcome of the measures are presented
in the table. It also shows that the components cover all measures necessary to
achieve compliance with EU and national legislation as well as measures for efficiency
improvement.
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Table 6-11 Prioritized medium-term investment programme
Number in
priority
Number of the
investment on
the maps
Category
(WS/WW
)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned
*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
1 1 WS Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Rehabilitation of SPZ of
Borovitsa Dam 20,000 54,317 0.37
Improving water supply security and
maintaining the quality and quantity
of the supplied water.
80
2 20 WW Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Reconstruction of main
collectors with length of
6.471 km
6,738,000 46,423 45
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of
infiltration and other main
deficiencies.
69
3 21 WW Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Completion of sewerage
network with length of
17.486 km and
reconstruction of 35.334
km, connection.
27,377,800 46,423 590
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of
infiltration, connection of new
settlement zones.
65
4 2 WS Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Reconstruction of external
transmission water mains-
2.5km
799,200 54,317 15 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 58
5 4 WS Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Rehabilitation of water
sources – SW 1 to SW 6
and rehabilitation of SPZ.
60,000 7,831 8
Reducing losses, improving the
quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
58
6 7 WS Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Rehabilitation of water
sources – SW 1 and SW 2
at PS Krumovgrad and PS
Lyav Bryag.
20,000 5,070 4
Reducing losses, improving the
quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
57
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Number in
priority
Number of the
investment on
the maps
Category
(WS/WW
)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned
*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
7 10 WS Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Rehabilitation of water
sources – three springs
and two SWs at PS Ardino
– Nova and rehabilitation
of SPZ.
50,000 3,494 1
Reducing losses, improving the
quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
56
8 13 WS Dzhebel- V21-
WS-5
Rehabilitation of water
sources – SW 1 and 2 at
PS Ptichar –I and SW –
Dzhebel and rehabilitation
of SPZ.
20,000 3,093 6
Reducing losses, improving the
quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
56
9 16 WS Benkovski -
V21-WW-6
Rehabilitation of water
sources – SW 1 at PS
Benkovski and
rehabilitation of SPZ.
10,000 2,121 5
Reducing losses, improving the
quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
56
10 3 WS Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (main water
mains, forming the main
water supply system) –
17.2km
774,400 43,888 154
Reducing losses to 32%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
54
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Number in
priority
Number of the
investment on
the maps
Category
(WS/WW
)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned
*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
11 29 WW Kardzhali
District
Implementation of
measures for the
construction of sewerage
zones of settlements in
Kardzhali District with
population below 2,000 PE
(minimum 50 inhabitants).
24,596,700 37,841 650
Reducing environmental pollution
with wastewater from the smaller
settlements.
52
12 22 WW Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Reconstruction of main
collectors with length of
0.864 km.
585,500 8,921 66
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of
infiltration and other main
deficiencies.
49
13 23 WW Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Reconstruction of
sewerage network with
length of 4.125 km.
2,370,800 8,921 266
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of
infiltration and other main
deficiencies.
49
14 24 WW Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Reconstruction of main
collectors with length of
1.058 km.
788,900 7,064 110
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of
infiltration and other main
deficiencies.
49
15 25 WW Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Reconstruction of
sewerage network with
length of 4.655 km.
2,572,400 7,064 356
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of
infiltration and other main
deficiencies.
48
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Number in
priority
Number of the
investment on
the maps
Category
(WS/WW
)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned
*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
16 6 WS Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (main water
mains, forming the main
water supply system) – 7.5
km
1,569,000 7,831 200
Reducing losses to 32%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
45
17 27 WW Dzhebel- V21-
WS-5
Reconstruction of
sewerage network with
length of 3.636 km and
completion of sewerage
nwtwork with a length of
5.092 km, connection.
4,187,600 4,274 969
Connection of new settlement zones
and reconstruction of problematic
sections.
41
18 8 WS Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Reconstruction of external
transmission water mains-
4.0km.
1,417,780 5,070 280 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 34
19 9 WS Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (main water
mains, forming the main
water supply system) –
4.7km
1,062,100 5,070 209
Reducing losses to 32%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
34
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Number in
priority
Number of the
investment on
the maps
Category
(WS/WW
)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned
*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
20 12 WS Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (main water
mains, forming the main
water supply system) –
4.0km
871,800 3,494 250
Reducing losses to 32%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
34
21 14 WS Dzhebel- V21-
WS-5
Reconstruction of external
transmission water mains
– 1.2km.
156,000 3,093 50 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 34
22 17 WS Benkovski -
V21-WW-6
Reconstruction of external
transmission water mains
– 2.0km.
200,000 2,121 94 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 33
23 18 WS Benkovski -
V21-WW-6
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (main water
mains, forming the main
water supply system) –
7.5km
329,000 2,121 155
Reducing losses to 32%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
33
24 19 WS Benkovski Rehabilitation of Benkovski
pumping station. 15,000 2,121 7
Reducing losses, improving the
quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
33
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Number in
priority
Number of the
investment on
the maps
Category
(WS/WW
)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned
*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
25 11 WS Ardino
Reconstruction of external
water transmission mains
– 14.4 km
2,019,800 3,494 578 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 30
26 15 WS Dzhebel
Rehabilitation and
completion of water supply
network and service
connections (trunk water
mains, forming the main
water supply system) – 6.9
km
1,591,700 3,093 515
Reducing losses to 32%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
30
27 5 WS Momchilgrad
Reconstruction of external
water transmission mains
– 21.2 km
8,374,700 7,831 1,069 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 29
28 26 WW Ardino
Completion of sewerage
network with a length of
4.063 km, connection.
1,825,600 4,453 4,453
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of
infiltration and other main
deficiencies.
29
29 28 WW Benkovski
Completion of sewerage
network with a length of
1.468 km and
reconstruction of 0.575
km, connection.
944,100 2,098 2,098
Connecting new settlement zones
and reconstruction of problematic
sections.
20
* Population in the year 2011 according to data of NSI
** According to the Consultant’s methodology (see appendix 4-7)
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FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONCLUSIONS 6.3.3.
As in the previous programme, the implementation of medium-term investments at an
affordability threshold of 4% of the income of the first three decile groups allows for
implementation of 75% of the proposed investments in a scenario without depreciation
of new assets and in 45% implementation of the investment component in the short-
term programme. If the short-term programme is reduced by nearly 55%, the
affordable investment component in the short-term programme amounts EUR
33,526,612, (28%) in a scenario of 30% depreciation of new assets. Setting a higher
level of depreciation costs is associated with a minimum increase of tariffs of up to
4% of the income of the third decile in combination with an increase of tariffs for
industrial consumers.
It is expected that the tariff will reach 0.97 EUR/m3 in 2021, which is approximately
0.41 EUR/m3 higher than the current one. Considering the income of the population in
the designated territory, such a price of WSS services will put substantial financial
pressure on the first two lowest income groups for which additional measures should
be envisaged in order to ease their financial situation, apart from the ones proposed in
the short-term programme.
6.4. LONG-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME
INVESTMENT COSTS 6.4.1.
The investment costs presented in the tables below are net costs excluding VAT, with
constant price base 2011 in EUR.
Water supply 6.4.1.1.
The investment measures included in the long-term programme are aimed at:
• Increasing efficiency – reducing non-revenue water (water losses), energy
efficiency etc.
• Rehabilitation, reconstruction and expansion of the water distribution mains of
the water distribution systems concerned by the abovementioned
programmes, which ensure sustainability – rehabilitation and adaptation of the
infrastructure.
The approximate costs for the long-term programme – Water supply, amount to €
20,929,700 and include the following investment components:
• Reconstruction of the distribution networks – replacement of asbestos cement
and steel pipes;
• Measures concerning the reduction of water losses including Active leakage
control, Pressure management etc.;
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• Replacement of pumps and electromechanical equipment in the pumping
stations;
• Rehabilitation of water sources and replacement of fixtures and pipe systems;
• Updating the SCADA system for management and control.
The implementation of the envisaged activities will achieve the following results:
• Eliminating the risk to the health of the population created by the use of
asbestos cement water mains – a large part of the water supply infrastructure
will be replaced;
• Reducing water losses in the distribution network to 25%;
• Optimizing the operation of the pumps, increasing the energy efficiency of the
system and reducing electricity costs;
• Rehabilitation of water reservoirs.
The table below presents the summarized long-term investment costs for water
supply. A detailed list of all investment measures is presented in Table 6-16 and in the
diagrams showing the Sort-term, Medium-term and Long-term Investment
Programmes for the water supply network of every town.
Table 6-12 Long-term investments for water supply (in €)
Category of
work Wat
er
abst
ract
ion D
WT
P
Wat
er m
ains
Dis
trib
utio
n
netw
ork
Wat
er
rese
rvoi
rs a
nd
tank
s
Pum
ping
stat
ions
Mis
cella
neou
s
Total long-term
investment costs
for water supply
Code WS_1 WS_2 WS_3 WS_4_1 WS_4_2 WS_4_3 WS_5 L-T
Total per
category 0 0 0 20,464,700 60,000 105,000 300,000
20,929,700
Kardzhali 0 0 0 12,177,700 0 15,000 50,000 12,242,700
Momchilgrad 0 0 0 1,384,100 20,000 15,000 50,000 1,469,100
Krumovgrad 0 0 0 2,822,800 0 45,000 50,000 2,917,800
Ardino 0 0 0 1,186,400 20,000 15,000 50,000 1,271,400
Dzhebel 0 0 0 1,793,300 20,000 15,000 50,000 1,878,300
Benkovski 0 0 0 1,100,300 0 0 50,000 1,150,300
ViK
Kardzhali 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Sewerage 6.4.1.2.
The investment measures included in the long-term investment programme are aimed
at:
• Expansion of the sewerage network in agglomerations of over 2,000 PE in
order to reach 100% connection rate of the population to the sewerage
system;
• Reconstruction of the connected sewerage networks in order to decrease the
infiltration and remove other main deficiencies, which will ensure efficient
operation of the WWTP.
The approximate costs for the long-term programme – Sewerage, amount to €
77,133,000and include the following investment components:
• Reconstruction and rehabilitation of the existing sewerage networks;
• Reconstruction and rehabilitation of the existing sewerage collectors;
• Construction of the sewerage network in settlements with population below
2,000 PE, in which there is a constructed water supply system and it is
economically profitable to join them into agglomerations with over 2,000 PE in
order to implement the centralized alternative for the wastewater treatment;
• Implementation of the conclusions and recommendations of the Sewerage
zoning studies.
The following results will be achieved with the implementation of the envisaged
activities:
• Avoiding groundwater pollution and the risk to the human health. Preventing
the discharge of untreated wastewater in rivers and other water bodies;
• Increasing the connection rate of the population to the sewerage network to
100%;
• Improving the quality of WSS services for the population and the ecological
status of the environment;
• Reducing the infiltration, constant operation mode of the WWTP, reducing the
operation costs for the treatment of the excessively diluted wastewater;
• Terminating the discharge of untreated wastewater in soils, rivers and other
water bodies.
The table below presents the summarized long-term investment costs for sewerage. A
detailed list of all investment measures is presented in table 6-16.
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Table 6-13 Long-term investments for sewerage (in €)
Category of work
WW
TP
Mai
n co
llect
ors
Sew
erag
e ne
twor
k
Sew
erag
e pu
mpi
ng
stat
ions
Mis
cella
neou
s
Total long-term investment costs
for sewerage
Code WW_1 WW_2 WW_3_1 WW_3_2 WW_4 L-T
Total per category
0 23,625,500 28,180,200 0 25,327,300
77,133,000
Kardzhali 0 20,262,700 19,722,100 0 576,000 40,560,800 Momchilgrad 0 1,730,400 686,200 0 22,000 2,438,600 Krumovgrad 0 786,800 4,838,500 0 116,000 5,741,300
Ardino 0 0 1,581,600 0 0 1,581,600 Dzhebel 0 531,000 1,030,600 0 0 1,561,600
Benkovski 0 314,600 321,200 0 16,000 651,800 ViK Kardzhali 0 0 0 0 24,597,300 24,597,300
Overall long-term investment costs 6.4.1.3.
A summary of the long-term investment costs, at the level of the WSS operator, for
water supply and sewerage is presented below. The table includes the costs for all
investment measures identified for the long-term investment phase (irrespective of the
priorities). The overall long-term investment costs amount to about € 120,617,200.
Table 6-14 Overall long-term investment for water supply
Code Category of work Total cost
WS_1 Water abstraction - € WS_2 DWTP - € WS_3 Water mains - € WS_4_1 Distribution network 20,464,700 € WS_4_2 Water reservoirs and tanks 60,000 € WS_4_3 Pumping stations 105,000 € WS_5 Miscellaneous 300,000 € WS system construction cost 20,929,700 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4% Supervision 5% Project management 3% Studies and supervision cost 2,720,900 €
Contingencies 10% Contingency cost 2,093,000 €
Total cost 25,743,600 €
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Table 6-15 Overall long-term investments for sewerage
Code Category of work Total cost
WW_1 WWTP - €
WW_2 Main collectors 23,625,500 €
WW_3_1 Sewerage network 28,180,200 €
WW_3_2 Sewerage pumping station - €
WW_4 Miscellaneous 25,327,300 €
Sewerage construction cost 77,133,000 €
Feasibility studies 1%
Design 4%
Supervision 5%
Project management 3%
Studies and supervision cost 10,027,300 €
Contingencies 10%
Contingency cost 7,713,300 €
Total cost 94,873,600 €
PRIORITIZED LONG-TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME 6.4.2.
The table 6-16 shows the list of all identified investment components prioritized
according to the Consultant’s methodology (see appendix 4-7). The investment costs
for each component, the population in the respective Water Supply Zone (or
Population Equivalent for sewerage components), the cost per inhabitant (or
equivalent inhabitant) as well as the expected outcome of the measures are presented
in the table. The table shows that the components cover all measures necessary to
achieve compliance with EU and national legislation as well as measures for efficiency
improvement.
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Table 6-16 Prioritized long-term investment programme
Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
1 15 WW
Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Reconstruction of
sewerage network with
length of 25.123 km and
completion of 2.690 km,
connection.
20,010,100 49,921 401
Ensuring the efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
population connected to the sewerage
system, eliminating environmental
pollution with wastewater.
70
2 16 WW
Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Reconstruction of main
collectors with length of
15.451 km.
20,550,700 49,921 412
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
improving the condition of the
environment by reducing the
exfiltration of wastewater.
69
3 2 WS
Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Rehabilitation of
pumping stations Baykal
and Borovitsa.
15,000 43,888 0.34 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 54
4 17 WW
Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Reconstruction of
intercepting collector and
main collectors with
length of 2.487 km.
1,741,300 9,269 188
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
improving the condition of the
environment by reducing the
exfiltration.
49
5 18 WW
Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Reconstruction of
sewerage network with
length of 1.149 km.
697,300 9,269 75
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
improving the condition of the
environment by reducing the
exfiltration.
49
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
6 19 WW Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Reconstruction of main
collectors with length of
0.876 km.
810,000 7,339 110
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
improving the condition of the
environment by reducing the
exfiltration.
49
7 22 WW
Dzhebel- V21-
WS-5
Reconstruction and
completion of sewerage
network (including
connected settlements)
with length of 3.366 km,
connection.
1,561,600 4,612 339
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
improving the condition of the
environment by reducing the
exfiltration, connecting new settlement
zones.
48
8 23 WW
Benkovski -
V21-WW-6
Reconstruction of
sewerage network with
length of 1.284 km.
651,800 2,399 272
Ensuring efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
improving the condition of the
environment by reducing the
exfiltration of wastewater.
47
9 24 WW
Kardzhali
District
Implementation of
measures for the
construction of sewerage
zones of the settlements
in Kardzhali District with
population below 2,000
PE (minimum 50
inhabitants)
24,597,300 37,842 650 Reducing environmental pollution with
wastewater from the small settlements 47
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
10 1 WS
Kardhzali -
V21-WS-1
Rehabilitation and
completion of water
supply network and
service connections
(secondary network) –
55.3km
12,227,700 43,888 279
Reducing losses to 25%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
45
11 21 WW
Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Reconstruction and
completion of sewerage
network with length of
3.514 km, connection.
1,581,600 3,664 432
Ensuring the efficient operation of
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
population connected to the sewerage
system, eliminating environmental
pollution with wastewater.
45
12 20 WW
Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Reconstruction of
sewerage network with
length of 5.710 km and
completion (including
connected settlements)
of 3.463 km, connection.
4,931,300 7,339 672
Ensuring the efficient operation of the
WWTP through reduction of infiltration,
population connected to the sewerage
system, eliminating environmental
pollution with wastewater.
44
13 3 WS
Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Rehabilitation and
completion of water
supply network and
service connections
(secondary network)-
7.2km
1,434,100 7,831 183
Reducing losses to 25%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
36
14 4 WS
Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Rehabilitation of suction
tank of V=150 m³ at PS
Zagorsko
20,000 7,831 3 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 26
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
15 5 WS
Momchilgrad -
V21-WS-2
Rehabilitation of
pumping station
Zagorsko"
15,000 7,831 2 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 26
16 7 WS
Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Rehabilitation of
pumping station
Krumovgrad, PS at SW
Lyav Bryag and PS at
PR of V=350 m³
45,000 5,070 9 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 25
17 8 WS
Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Rehabilitation and
completion of water
supply network and
service connections
(secondary network)-
5.9km
1,236,400 3,494 354
Reducing losses to 25%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
25
18 9 WS
Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Rehabilitation of suction
tank of V=150 m³ at PS
Ardino - Nova"
20,000 3,494 6 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 25
19 10 WS
Ardino - V21-
WW-4
Rehabilitation of
pumping station Ardino-
Nova
15,000 3,494 4 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 25
20 12 WS
Dzhebel- V21-
WS-5
Rehabilitation of suction
tank of V=25 m³ at PS
Ptichar - I
20,000 3,093 6 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 25
21 13 WS
Dzhebel- V21-
WS-5
Rehabilitation of
pumping station Ptichar -
I
15,000 3,093 5 Increasing water supply security.
Reducing failures and water losses. 25
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Number
in
priority
Number of
the
investment
on the maps
Category
(WS/WW)
Name of WS
Zone /
Agglomeration
Component description Investment
Cost
Population
concerned*
Cost per
inhabitant /
equivalent
inhabitant
General outcome Points **
22 6 WS
Krumovgrad -
V21-WS-3
Rehabilitation and
completion of water
supply network and
service connections
(secondary network) –
13.9km
2,872,800 5,070 567
Reducing losses to 25%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
22
23 11 WS
Dzhebel- V21-
WS-5
Rehabilitation and
completion of water
supply network and
service connections
(secondary network) –
8.3km
1,843,300 3,093 596
Reducing losses to 25%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
21
24 14 WS
Benkovski -
V21-WW-6
Rehabilitation and
completion of water
supply network and
service connections
(secondary network) –
4.7km
1,150,300 2,121 542
Reducing losses to 25%, improving
the quality of the service, ensuring
sustainability.
21
* Population in the year 2011 according to data of NSI
** According to the Consultant’s methodology (see appendix 4-7)
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONCLUSIONS 6.4.3.
The implementation of the long-term investment programme depends largely on the level
of implementation of investments within the previous two periods. If investments in the
first two periods are reduced, long-term investments will be fully implemented in a
scenario without depreciation of new assets. Partial depreciation allows for
implementation of 43% (EUR 51,865,400) in case the first two programmes are reduced.
The implementation of planned investments in a scenario of full depreciation leads to
funds shortage jeopardizing the financial stability of the Operator.
With such implementation of investments, the tariff levels are expected to reach 1.22
EUR /m3 in 2028 and nearly 1.68 EUR /m3 in the end of the period when using an
affordability threshold of 4% of the average income of the first three decile groups
In addition to the computational approach used to determine the socially affordable
investments, all investment scenarios should take into account some additional risks
identified above, such as faster than expected decline in population, aging of population,
slower than expected economic development in the designated territory in comparison
with the national average. These risks are difficult to quantify, and the study of their
influence will lead to countless scenarios. However, the implementation of any future
investment plan requires careful consideration of these options before the actual
implementation.
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7. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
7.1. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE
Environmental Assessment (EA) of plans and programmes is a preventative tool to
evaluate the potential significant impacts on the environment, resulting from the
implementation of plans and programmes at national, regional and local levels. The
assessment is carried out simultaneously with their development, i.e. the approach aims
to integrate processes. EA execution is fully consistent with statutory national procedures
for preparation and approval of plans/programmes and the authorities responsible for
their endorsement should conform to EA statement.
EA gives a notion of the expected changes that will occur in the environment as a
consequence of the performance of the investment intentions, set out in plans and
programmes.
The goal is to provide a high level of environmental protection by determining the
expected impact of the activities covered by the strategic planning.
The Environmental Assessment procedure is described in Appendix 7-1.
7.2. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE REGIONAL WATER AND
WASTEWATER MASTER PLAN OF THE DESIGNATED TERRITORY OF
VIK OOD - KARDZHALI.
For the present Regional Water and Wastewater Master Plan of the designated territory
of ViK OOD-Kardzhali, information has been prepared for Evaluation of the need for
Environmental Assessment in compliance with para. 2 of Art. 8 of the Ordinance on the
terms, conditions and methods for carrying out an EA of plans and programmes.
Chapter 0 exposes the outcomes of the Study conducted on the territory ViK OOD-
Kardzhali within the framework of the Regional Water and Wastewater Master Plans in
Central Region of Bulgaria.
Chapter 3 presents the environmental features of the area, which may be affected by the
implementation of the Regional Water and Wastewater Master Plan.
Since the territory falls within the scope of the protected areas under Directive 92/43/EEC
on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora and under Directive
79/409/ЕЕС on the conservation of wild birds, the plan should undergo Compatibility
Assessment (CA) procedure, pursuant to Art. 2, para. 2 of the Ordinance on the terms
and conditions for carrying out a compatibility assessment of plans, programmes, projects
and investment proposals with the subject and objectives of conservation of protected
areas (SG. No 73/2007) of EPA.
The contracting authority of the plan i.e. the Ministry of Regional Development and Public
Works shall submit a written request to the competent authority for Evaluation of the need
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 410
for EA. This request shall contain all data on the implementation of the plan and the
investment programme, the stages that EA will undergo and the period for which the
programme will be prepared. The request shall be accompanied by possible impact of the
plan on the environment (CA), characteristics of the affected area and the expected
effects on the environment, map of the affected territory, plans and tables, etc.
The Regional Water and Wastewater Master Plan of the designated territory of ViK OOD-
Kardzhali is an environmentally sound plan, which includes all investment measures
necessary for solving the problems of the designated territory, related to ensuring:
• Needed water quantity of good quality for all purposes
• High quality of living space and environment
• Prevention of conditions causing health risk situations
• Conditions for sustainable development of water ecosystem and the biodiversity
in it.
It is guaranteed that all necessary requirements, related to impacts on protected
territories, protected sites and protected areas are observed. (The proposed investment
measures for wastewater treatment are favourable for the conservation of protected
areas).
Chapter 4 presents all strategic options for the development of the water supply and
sewerage systems as well as the technical, economic and environmental criteria for the
selected options, which are included in the investment programmes.
Chapter 6 contains a detailed description of the proposed short-term, medium-term and
long-term investment programmes, including all investment measures, required for
fulfilling the objectives, set out in the national water strategy and for achieving full
compliance with the European and national legislation.
In the implementation of investment measures in short-term, medium-term and long-term
plan, a system of measures will be applied for reducing to the rational minimum the
negative impact on environment.
Taking into account the proposed measures, the implementation of the individual sites,
included in the investment programmes is not expected to exert any negative effects on
the different environmental components during construction, operation and closure. None
of the protected territories, sites and areas is negatively affected.
The following main goals will be achieved:
• Supplying good quality water for all purposes to the population in the area of the
designated territory.
• Reducing drinking water losses in the system to 25%.
• Providing wastewater treatment consistent with the set requirements for water
body protection, increasing self-purification capacity.
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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• Creating conditions for sustainable development of water ecosystem and
biodiversity.
• Creating high living standard for the population in the area of the designated
territory and preventing health risk.
The expected impacts of the implementation of the Regional Water and Wastewater
Master Plan in the designated territory of ViK OOD-Kardzhali are as follows :
Expected impact on protected areas and protected zo nes :
Overall, the facilities envisaged for implementation in the Investment programme of the
Regional Master Plan of ViK OOD – Kardzhali are not expected to have any negative
impact and are compliant with the nature and purposes of the protected zones for
conservation of natural habitats and wild flora and fauna and for conservation of wild
birds. For every investment intention envisaged in the RMP the required EIA and CA
(compatibility assessment) procedures will be carried out during the preparation stage of
the feasibility studies and all of the measures and conditions set out in the respective
Decisions of RIEW Haskovo and RIEW Smolyan will be observed and performed during
its implementation (depending on the location of the sites, included in the investment
programme).
Expected impact of Water Supply part of the Master Plan:
Currently, drinking water supply within the boundaries of the designated territory of ViK
OOD-Kardzhali relies on surface water (Borovitsa dam- water body in good condition)
and groundwater. Water supply systems are not optimized. The large volume of
abstracted water is due to the substantial volume of non-revenue water, caused by
obsolete water supply facilities (large number of water leakages). By implementing the
Master Plan measures, such as rehabilitation of equipment, the percentage of non-
revenue water will be reduced to 25%.
The deviations from the regulatory requirements for drinking water at some of the
consumers are mainly caused by the obsolete parts of the water supply networks and
treatment equipment. Master Plan measures have been proposed in order to ensure
drinking water quality in the whole designated territory. To optimize water abstraction,
water use permits will be issued and Sanitary Protection Zone (SPZ) will be established
for all water sources used for water supply in accordance with Ordinance 3 of
16.10.2000. To provide optimal disinfection and distribution of drinking water to the local
population, the old and asbestos cement pipelines as well as the obsolete water
treatment equipment will be reconstructed. Finally, high electricity consumption will be
reduced through rehabilitation of water supply pumping stations.
As a first investment priority the RMP includes appropriate measures to solve the
problems with drinking water quality in all of the settlements, where permanent and
frequent deviations from the permissible levels are observed, regardless of the size of the
settlement and its population.
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
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Expected impact of Sewerage part of the Master Plan :
The project area encompasses the territory of Kardzhali District: Ardino Municipality: 52
settlements; Dzhebel Municipality: 48 settlements; Kirkovo Municipality: 73 settlements;
Krumovgrad Municipality: 80 settlements; Kardzhali Municipality: 118 settlements;
Momchilgrad Municipality: 49 settlements; Chernoochene Municipality: 51 settlements.
The territory, served by ViK OOD-Kardzhali is located in the southern part of the country,
falling within South Central Planning Region and occupies 3,209.1 square metres with a
population of 152,808 inhabitants (NSI, 2011 Census).
Currently, a few settlements have sewerage systems (to a different extent). There are no
WWTPs. Polluted domestic and industrial wastewater is discharged into the receiving
bodies, thus creating conditions for health and environmental risk. The on-going project
for WWTP of the agglomerations of Kardzhali and Momchilgrad with approved funding
are to be implemented. For the agglomerations of Krumovgrad, Ardino, Dzhebel,
Benkovski, there are projects submitted for evaluation and approval.
The existing wastewater networks in most of the settlements are in poor condition. A
major part of the wastewater networks have reached the end of their service life. Sewer
pipes are old, obsolete, demolished, clogged and feature small diameters and insufficient
hydraulic capacity. Some sections of the sewer branches have reverse or low gradients.
A large number of streets have no sewer branches. There are unauthorized discharges
which are inconsistent with the European Directives.
The short-term, medium-term and long –term investme nt programmes, included in
the Plan envisage:
• Extension and reconstruction of the sewerage network.
Construction of modern WWTPs for settlements with over 10,000 PE as well as
for settlements of between 2,000 and 10,000 PE within the designated territory.
• Updating of Network Information Systems
• Supply of equipment for surveillance, maintenance and operation of sewerage
systems
• Construction of wastewater pre-treatment facilities for industrial companies,
connected to the sewerage systems of the settlements.
By implementing the Master Plan measures, the percentage of infiltration will decrease
significantly, which will lead to optimization of wastewater system performance. Finally,
high electricity consumption will be reduced through rehabilitation of wastewater pumping
stations.
Conclusion:
Information has been prepared on the Evaluation of the need for Environmental
Assessment of Regional Draft Water and Wastewater Master Plan of ViK OOD -
Kardzhali corresponding to the level of detail of the plan or programme and the methods
used for assessment. The information includes as follows:
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 413
- Description of the main objectives of the plan and the relation to other relevant
plans and programmes;
- The current status of the components and factors and their eventual development
without applying of the plan or programme;
- The environmental characteristics of territories that may be significantly affected,
- The existing environmental problems which are identified at different levels, and
related to the plan, including those concerning areas of specific environmental
importance;
− The objectives for environmental protection at national and international level,
regarding the plan and the way these objectives and all environmental
considerations have been taken into account during the preparation of the plan;
- Possible significant impacts on the environment including components and
factors and connections between them, the measures envisaged to prevent,
reduce and completely remove any adverse effects on the environment due to
the implementation of the plan or programme.
Pursuant to Decision N-EO 63/2013 of the MoEW concerning the RMP of ViK OOD-
Kardzhali no Environmental Assessment is required as its implementation is not likely to
have any significant impact on the environment and human health. The Final RMP has
taken into account all of the conditions set out in the Decision
Feasibility studies will be prepared for investment projects, included in the RMP of ViK OOD-Kardzhali, the possible involvement of water bodies will be determined at this stage and the respective measures will be taken before the Basin Directorates for Water Management in East Aegean Region for Basin Management to obtain the relevant permits.
During the preparation stage of the feasibility studies for the investment projects
envisaged in the RMP, their Contracting authorities will prepare a Plan of measures to
prevent, reduce or eliminate the negative environmental impacts during the
implementation of the projects and will coordinate it with RIEW –Haskovo and RIEW-
Smolyan, depending on the location of the sites, included in the investment programme of
the RMP.
Rigorous control will be conducted during the implementation of the RMP of ViK OOD-
Kardzhali in order to ensure compliance with the measures set out in the RBMP in East
Aegean Region from Chapter 7 Programme of Measures for Achieving the Objectives for
Environmental Protection of the RBMP of EARBD.
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8. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS
8.1. REGIONAL DRAFT MASTER PLAN DELIVERY
The Regional Draft Water and Wastewater Master Plan of the designated territory of ViK
OOD-Kardzhali was first submitted to the Contracting Authority – the Ministry of Regional
Development on 18th July, 2013.
After review and assessment by PISA on 10th September, 2013, it was delivered to the
Ministry of Regional Development for public consultation on 12th September, 2013.
The respected request for the assessment of the need of Ecological Assessment was
delivered to the Ministry of Regional Development for transmission to the Ministry of
Environment and Water (MoEW) on 20th August, 2013.
8.2. ASSESSMENTS AND COMMENTS
GENERAL 8.2.1.
Besides the Public Consultations to be conducted within the framework of the involved
District Development Council(s) and Water Association or Municipal Council for municipal
Water and Sewage Service Company for Regional Master Plan endorsement, several
involved organisations reviewed the Regional Draft Master Plan and addressed their
comments for consideration.
It is to be noted that final position of the Ministry of Environment and Water on the
assessment of the need of implementation of EA is necessary for the decision of Water
Association or Municipal Council to be officially applicable.
COMMENTS FROM PUBLIC AUTHORITIES 8.2.2.
On behalf of the Ministry of Regional Development, the PISA consulting company
addressed an Assessment note with recommendations on 10th September, 2013.
The Ministry of Public Health addressed general remarks on the Regional Master Plans
by letter of 2nd August, 2013. It was answered by letter of 21st August, 2013 for all
Regional Master Plans to be produced for Central Region of Bulgaria.
The Basin Directorate for Water Management in East Aegean Region - Plovdiv
expressed its position by letter of 4th October, 2013: It approves and supports the
presented Regional Water and Wastewater Master Plan (RMP for WSS) of the
designated territory of ViK OOD – Kardzhali.
Comments by the Ministry of Environment and Water have not been sent.
Preparation of regional water and wastewater Master Plans for the central region Republic of Bulgaria Regional Final Master Plan for VIK OOD - Kardzhali
February 2014 Seureca – SCE – Hidroproekt – Arcadia Engineering 415
The Ministry of Environment and Water expressed its position on the request for
assessment of the need of EA by letter ЕО 63/2013 dated 18.12.2013. The position is
that no EA needs to be completed on the territory of ViK OOD –- Kardzhali.
8.3. PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS
DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL 8.3.1.
The Regional Draft Water and Wastewater Master Plan of the designated territory of ViK
OOD –Kardzhali was discussed at a meeting of the District Development Council of
Kardzhali, which took place in the town of Kardzhali at the building of Kardzhali District
Administration on 27th September, 2013. The meeting was attended by members of the
District Development Council, representatives of the Ministry of Regional Development
and the Project team.
On the grounds of Article 22, paragraph 4, item 7 of the Regional Development Act and
Article 198j of the Water Act, the District Development Council of Kardzhali unanimously
adopted Decision № 04/27.09.2013 on:
1. Endorsement of the Regional Draft Water and Wastewater Master Plan of the
designated territory of ViK OOD –Kardzhali for the period 2014 – 2038, which
corresponds to the objectives and priorities, set out in Kardzhali District
Development Strategy for the period 2014-2020.
2. All municipalities in Kardzhali District to provide proposals for projects/investment
measures for drinking water supply and sanitation to be included in a list as
appendix to the Regional Master Plan
WATER ASSOCIATION 8.3.2.
The General Meeting of Kardzhali Water Association related to the Regional Water and
Wastewater Master Plan of the designated territory of ViK OOD –Kardzhali took place in
the town of Kardzhali at the building of Kardzhali District Administration on 14th
November, 2013.
The General Meeting was attended by the members of the Water Association and the
Project team.
The Water Association unanimously took a decision to approve the Regional Master Plan
of the designated territory of ViK OOD –Kardzhali.
OUTCOME OF PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS 8.3.3.
The Regional Water and Wastewater Master Plan of the designated territory of ViK OOD
– Kardzhali is agreed and approved by the involved authorities