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Building a MobileBusiness MindsetAmong 688 respondents, 46% have deployed mobileapps, with an additional 24% planning to in the next year.Soon, all apps will look like mobile apps and its past time for

those with no plans to get cracking.

By Kurt Marko

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3 Authors Bio

4 Executive Summary

5 Research Synopsis

6 How Times Change

7 The State of Enterprise Mobile App Dev

9 App Dev Challenges

11 From App Concept to Reality

16 Building the Team

20 Important Mobile App Capabilities

22 Measuring and Securing

24 Recommendations

25 Appendix

37 Related Reports

Figures

6 Figure 1: Plans for Browser-Based Custom Apps

7 Figure 2: Mobile Operating Systems for Native

Custom Apps

8 Figure 3: Plans for Native Custom Applications on

Mobile Devices

9 Figure 4: Mobile Operating Systems In Use

or Evaluated

10 Figure 5: Biggest Native Application Development

Challenges

11 Figure 6: Reasons for Not Developing

Custom Mobile Applications

12 Figure 7: Scope of Deployment

13 Figure 8: Deployment Plans for Mobile

Applications

14 Figure 9: Best Application Deployment

Techniques

15 Figure 10: Native vs. Browser-Based App

16 Figure 11: Means of Providing Custom

Apps

17 Figure 12: Development Environments

for Native Mobile Apps

18 Figure 13: Importance of Cross-Platform

Support

19 Figure 14: Most Important IDE Evaluation

Features

20 Figure 15: Mobile Application Code and

UI Development

21 Figure 16: Dev Environments for Browser-

Based Apps

22 Figure 17: Browser-Based vs. Native App

23 Figure 18: Biggest Challenges

25 Figure 19: Mobile OS for Customer Apps

26 Figure 20: Mobile Device Most Likely

Used to Access Custom Apps

27 Figure 21: Reasons for Developing

Mobile Applications

28 Figure 22: Choosing Devices and

Platforms

29 Figure 23: Job Title

30 Figure 24: Revenue

31 Figure 25: Industry

32 Figure 26: Company Size

33 Figure 27: Job Title

34 Figure 28: Revenue

35 Figure 29: Industry

36 Figure 30: Company Size

CONTENTS

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TABLE OF

December 2013 2

B u i l d i n g a M o b i l e B u s i n e s s M i n d s e t

December 2013 3

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2013 InformationWeek, Reproduction Prohibited

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B u i l d i n g a M o b i l e B u s i n e s s M i n d s e t Table of Contents

Kurt Marko is an InformationWeek and Network Computing contributor and ITindustry veteran, pursuing his passion for communications after a varied careerthat has spanned virtually the entire high-tech food chain, from chips to sys-tems. Upon graduating from Stanford University with a BS and MS in electricalengineering, Kurt spent several years as a semiconductor device physicist, doingprocess design, modeling, and testing. He then joined AT&T Bell Laboratories asa memory chip designer and CAD and simulation developer.Moving to Hewlett-Packard, Kurt started in the laser printer R&D lab doing

electrophotography development, for which he earned a patent, but his love ofcomputers eventually led him to join HPs nascent technical IT group. He spent15 years as an IT engineer and was a lead architect for several enterprise-wide infrastructure projects at HP, including the Windows domain infrastructure, re-mote access service, Exchange email infrastructure, and managed web services.

Kurt Marko InformationWeek Reports

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The differences between mobile apps and conventional Windows clients, or even web applications, are far morethan skin deep. Yes, the touch-versus-keyboard interface, APIs, and programming languages are new, but thats ar-guably the easy part. There are profound differences in how the two are built, the functionality each prioritizes, the re-lease cycles on which theyre developed even the attitudes, values, and work styles of the developers creating them. The 688 business technology pros responding to our 2013 Mobile Application Development Survey up from 350

respondents in 2012 are getting ready for applification to rock their enterprises. >> Android phones edged out both iPhones and iPads among platforms in use or under evaluation, cited by 78%;

thats up 12 points, from 66% in 2012.>> 59% say coding and UI work are being done in-house versus 18% using external providers.>> When specifying devices and platforms custom apps must support, IT and the business are in sync: Its a collabo-

rative decision was the No. 1 choice, up seven points.>> 28% have no plans to develop browser-based mobile-optimized apps in the next 12 months; 30% say the same

about native custom apps.In this report, well:>>Discuss the road to mobilizing your organization, from picking the right apps, building a development team, and

choosing the development platform to the skills and capabilities your dev team needs to successfully make the transition. >>Analyze mobile application development trends, from strategies and platforms to security. Respondent breakdown: 28% have 5,000 or more employees; 21% are over 10,000. Education, consulting, and finan-

cial services are well-represented, and 28% are IT director/manager or IT executive management (C-level/VP) level; anadditional 9% are non-IT executives (C-level/VP) or line-of-business managers.

EXECUTIVE


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SUMMARY


December 2013 5reports.informationweek.com

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RESEARCH

Survey Name InformationWeek 2013 Mobile Application Development Survey

Survey Date July 2013

Region North America

Number of Respondents 688

Purpose To examine mobile platform development options, where and why enterprisesare building mobile applications, and what they are looking for in mobile IDEs and devel-opment tools

Methodology InformationWeek surveyed 688 business technology decision-makers atNorth American organizations. The survey was conducted online, and respondents wererecruited via an email invitation containing an embedded link to the survey. The email invitation was sent to qualified InformationWeek and Dr. Dobbs subscribers.

reports

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ABOUT US

InformationWeek Reports

analysts arm business technology

decision-makers with real-world

perspective based on qualitative

and quantitative research, busi-

ness and technology assessment

and planning tools, and adoption

best practices gleaned from

experience.

OUR STAFFLorna Garey, content

director; [email protected]

Heather Vallis, managing

editor, research;

[email protected]

Elizabeth Chodak, copy

chief; elizabeth.chodak@

ubm.com

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director; [email protected]

Find all of our reports at

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December 2013 6

At the time, Steve Jobs proclamation of apost-PC world, catalyzed by smartphonesand Apples fresh take on the failed tabletconcept, seemed the height of hubris. Now itsa truism reinforced by seismic industry shifts:PCs regularly logging double-digit sales de-clines, print magazines and bookstores fold-ing, handheld game consoles rendered irrele-vant by app stores. While mobile devices are sleek and conven-

ient, whats really fueled the transition are in-tuitive and powerful mobile apps. In fact, thespeed of the mobile takeover has been stun-ning. Flurry, a developer of mobile analytics,advertising, and monetization software thattracks more than 300,000 apps from 100,000developers deployed to 1 billion devices,now records 1.3 trillion in-app events eachmonth, roughly double the level of just a yearearlier. And games are no longer the pre-dominant mobile draw; Flurrys statisticsshow broad use of newsstand, life cycle, so-cial networking, and productivity apps.

Nolan Wright, CTO and co-founder of mobileapp platform builder Appcelerator, contendsthat mobile is a bigger disruptive technologyshift than the web itself. There will come atime when we dont use the qualifier mobilewhen discussing mobile software develop-ment, he says. All development will be mo-

bile development. It will just be software de-velopment. We agree, which means mobilemarks a generational change in app develop-ment, similar to but actually much larger andmore significant than prior epochal changesfrom terminal to PC-based applications andfrom standalone client-server software to web

Previous Next

2013 2012

What are your plans for browser-based custom applications optimized for mobile devices in the next 12 months?

Plans for Browser-Based Custom Apps

We currently have browser-based mobile-optimized applications and plan to develop more in the next 12 months

We currently have browser-based mobile-optimized applications but don't plan on developing any more

We dont currently have browser-based mobile-optimized applications but plan on developing in the next 12 months

We have no plans to develop browser-based mobile-optimized applications

Base: 688 respondents in July 2013 and 350 in July 2012Data: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

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38%36%

3%7%

31%31%

28%26%

R


How Times Change

reports B u i l d i n g a M o b i l e B u s i n e s s M i n d s e t Table of Contents

Figure 1

December 2013 7

apps. Says Wright: This disruptive shift can ei-ther work for you or against you. Translated: Its better to ride a wave rather

than be swamped by it.

In this report, well explain how to embraceand capitalize on this app transformation be-fore youre run over like a Dell PC in the pathof an iPad steamroller. Building mobile app ca-

pability is no harder than navigating like soft-ware development transitions from thickclient-server applications to the web, but itdoes require a change in strategies, a new de-

veloper mindset, and some updated skills.

The State of Enterprise Mobile App DevInformationWeek readers arent exactly

enterprise mobile app laggards, but ourdata shows that the level of developmenthas leveled off in the past year, since our2012 survey. Once again, we asked read-ers about their mobile developmentplans and found that 46% of respondentshave deployed custom mobile apps, witha plurality, 41%, planning more in thenext year. Both figures are up two pointsfrom 2012. However, theres a notable caveat con-

cerning comparisons between the twosurveys: The sample size and demograph-ics changed significantly. We aggressivelycourted a wider audience of UBM Techreaders this year, specifically the Dr.Dobbs developer community. Techni-

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For which mobile operating systems have you deployed, or do you plan to build, native custom applications?

Mobile Operating Systems for Native Custom Apps

Note: Multiple responses allowedBase: 481 respondents in July 2013 and 258 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop native custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

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R

2013 2012

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Figure 2

December 2013 8

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cally, they were included last year as well butwere far more responsive this year for somereason. This had the salubrious effect of nearlydoubling the number of responses, but it alsoshifted the demographics to include a lowerpercentage of C-level IT executives and ITmanagers. For example, last year 40% of therespondents were either IT C-levels or man-agers, dropping to 29% this year. The wideraudience also shifted the industry and sizemix. Last year, 38% of respondents were fromcompanies with less than $100 million in rev-enue, but this year that rose to 42%. Likewise,we had a much higher proportion working forIT vendors (13% versus 6%) and notable dropsin those from government agencies (8% ver-sus 12%) and from the healthcare industry(6% versus 10%).Our survey validates what any smartphone

shopper already knows: Its an Android and Ap-ple iOS duopoly as the two platforms rule themobile world. Still, the results indicate Applehad best be watching its back this year; An-droid is the big winner in the platform wars.More of our respondents now use or are eval-

uating Android phones than the iPhone, whilethe share using or evaluating Android tabletsjumped 15 points, to close within five points ofthe iPad. In fact, IDCs latest market survey esti-mates that Android tablets have alreadyleapfrogged iPads in total sales. More userstranslates to increased development efforts, asthe share of respondents building native mo-bile apps for Android phones increased 10

points, while apps for the Android tabletjumped 17 points. Meanwhile, iPhone and iPaduse as an enterprise mobile app platform hasstalled at about two-thirds of our respondents.Anyone following the mobile device market

also wont be surprised to find our survey saysBlackBerry is the biggest loser. Last year, 37%of our respondents used or were evaluatingBlackBerry phones, and 10% were looking at

2013 State Of Mobile Security

Incidents of mobile malware areway up, researchers say, and 78%of respondents worry about lostor stolen devices. But while manyteams are taking mobile securitymore seriously, 42% still skipscanning completely, and just39% have MDM systems in place.

DownloadDownload



2013 2012

What are your plans for native custom applications on mobile devices in the next 12 months?

Plans for Native Custom Applications on Mobile Devices

We currently have custom mobile applications and plan to develop more in the next 12 months

We currently have custom mobile applications but don't plan on developing any more

We dont currently have custom mobile applications but plan on developing in the next 12 months

We have no plans to develop custom mobile applications


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41%39%

5%5%

24%30%

30%26%

R

Figure 3

December 2013 9

its now-defunct tablet. Those figures plum-meted to a combined 21% for the phone plat-forms (we broke out legacy versus new BB10devices this year) and a mere 3% still usingthe PlayBook. Clearly, BlackBerry is nolonger the darling of the enterprise, norhave the new 10 series phones stanchedthe exodus. Less than 10% of our respon-dents are building native apps for Black-Berrys new OS. For IT execs the message isthis: Dont waste precious mobile develop-ment resources on a dying platform. Windows is on the ascent, but it still posts

modest numbers. Our survey also illustrates the waning

days of corporate-issued mobile devices:BYOD is now SOP. Over the past year wesaw a stunning 14-point increase in theshare of respondents allowing any mobiledevice, whether company or employeeowned, to access custom, internal mobileapps, while those limiting access to ap-proved, company-issued hardware dwin-dled to 23%, down 12 points from lastyear.

App Dev ChallengesMaking the case for enterprise mobile apps

isnt difficult, but as in weightlifting, its nopain, no gain, so expect some work making

the transition. When asked about theirbiggest native application development chal-lenges, 55% of our respondents cite morecomplex code development than web appli-

Previous Next



Which of the following mobile operating systems are you using, have you used or have you evaluated in the last 12 months?

Mobile Operating Systems in Use or Evaluated

Note: Multiple responses allowedBase: 564 respondents in July 2013 and 287 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop native or browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

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R

2013 2012

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53%

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11%

NA

10%

3% 2% 2%

NA

10%

4% 3%

4%1%

Figure 4

cations, 52% name cross-platform compatibil-ity and coding for both iOS and multiple An-droid variants, and 47% say finding or nurtur-ing mobile application developmentexpertise is tough. The difficulty of developing native apps, par-

ticularly across multiple platforms, is real. Butits also given rise to some innovative new de-velopment platforms, such as AppceleratorsTitanium, PhoneGap, Corona, RhoMobile, andXamarin, that let developers write in a singlelanguage and deploy to multiple platforms.For example, Wright says, Titanium uses theweb-centric JavaScript language, which ismuch simpler than native Java (Android) orObjective C (iOS), plus more familiar to enter-prise developers. But from that JavaScriptbase, developers can target native apps forAndroid, iOS, and BB10, with WinPhone 8 sup-port in the works.The mobile migration isnt yet a stampede;

our data does show a disturbing trend in theprimary reason cited for not developing mo-bile apps: lack of perceived need. In fact, thisyear, the percentage claiming no business

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2013 2012

What are the biggest challenges or issues when developing native applications?

Biggest Native Application Development Challenges

More complex code development than Web applications

Cross-platform compatibility; coding for both iOS and multiple Android variants

Finding/nurturing mobile application development expertise

Handling offline usage; caching and synchronizing data

Harder to package and deploy

Translating functionality of Windows applications to a touch-screen, non-menu-based UI

Harder to update

Other

Note: Three responses allowedBase: 481 respondents in July 2013 and 258 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop native custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

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55%56%

52%36%

47%43%

31% 34%

21%22%

14%17%

4%3%

20%28%

R



Figure 5

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December 2013 11

need jumped 14 points to nearly half of thoserespondents taking a pass on mobile apps.Wed suggest they arent thinking hardenough. One encouraging sign for execs hop-

ing to mobilize their business processes andcustomer interactions is the big drop in our(mostly IT) respondents who are dissuadedfrom developing mobile apps by cost, lack of

budget, or perceived security risks. Although native apps are more difficult to

develop, browser-based apps are no panacea.Youll have to tackle another set of cross-plat-

form incompatibilities thanks tosubtle differences in mobilebrowsers and the fact that eachmajor mobile platform has a dif-ferent native web client: Safarifor iOS, Chrome for Android, andInternet Explorer for WindowsPhone. Sixty-five percent ofthose developing browser-based mobile apps cite browsercompatibility as a challenge, up10 points since last year, while52% list HTML5 support and ma-turity as an issue when buildingbrowser-optimized apps.

From App Concept to RealityBecoming a mobile-savvy IT or-

ganization starts by mapping outa strategy, then selecting businessopportunities with the greatest

Previous Next

Why doesnt your organization have plans to develop native custom or browser-based mobile applications?

Reasons for Not Developing Custom Mobile Applications

Note: Multiple responses allowedBase: 124 respondents in July 2013 and 64 in July 2012 with no plans to develop custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

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2013 2012

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Figure 6

December 2013 12

mobile app potential. Wright says to first de-cide how critical mobile is to your overall busi-ness strategy. For some orgs, such as retailers

and organizations with big field-service oper-ations, mobile is a natural. Companies withscores of desk-bound workers, like call centers

or data processors, may find limited upside. Keyconsiderations include the app portfolios tar-get audience (employees, business partners,

customers, all of the above), goals (generaterevenue, cut costs, streamline businessprocesses), and initial scope (how manyapps you plan to build in the near term).One encouraging sign, at least for pro-

ductivity and ROI, is that our survey findsenterprise mobile deployment is increas-ingly focused on job duties, not job status.Mobile phones traditionally were a perkdenoting corporate power, but the de-mocratization of smartphones, with morethan half of all Americans now carryingone, means its no longer a status symbol.When looking at the employee categoriesour respondents target for mobile devicedeployment specifically for custom enter-prise apps, the demographic shift is subtly,but notably, focused more on the job andless on the level. Indeed, our data reflectsthe smartphones transition from luxuryaccessory to everyday necessity, showingthat mobile apps are more commonly

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To which employees are you deploying or planning to deploy mobile devices primarily for the use of custom enterprise applications?

Scope of Deployment


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2013 2012

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Figure 7

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December 2013 13

built for specific job types like retail clerks,front-line healthcare givers, and manufactur-ing employees than for execs or road warriors. Strategy in hand, the first step in building

mobile app capability is changing the wayyou approach the development process.

Streamlined user experience is in, creepingfeature-itis is out. So are lengthy release cy-cles, as the mobile user expects a basic appnow, with frequent updates. Mobile is verymuch about user experience, says Wright,highlighting the importance of design to mo-

bile app success. Indeed, during a presenta-tion at a recent mobile industry conference,Prashant Fuloria, the chief product officer forFlurry, pointed out that users vote with theirfeet. Better user experiences are going towin, says Fuloria. And right now, those better

experiences are for better or worse in mobile apps [as opposed to websites].If they come to my mobile site, they are avisitor, whereas if they use my mobile app,they are a customer. Mobile design is touch-centric and opti-

mizes use of the small screen. This meansyou cant simply port legacy PC applica-tions to mobile, says Genefa Murphy, HPsdirector of mobile product management,analytics, and user experience software.Unlike most legacy enterprise software,the best mobile apps also arent ladenwith features. Murphy says developersneed to break apps into simple, relevant,task-based use cases that can be accom-plished with minimal taps and swipes.Mobile development is also distinct,

taking agile to a new level; its rapid, iter-

Previous Next

For each of the following application categories, what types of mobile applications are you deploying?

Native mobile app

28%

31%

17%

18%

16%

19%

15%

16%

18%

15%

14%

14%

13%

10%

12%

14%

Mobile-optimized browser app

31%

32%

20%

19%

20%

16%

16%

17%

12%

14%

13%

13%

13%

12%

10%

11%

Not deploying

22%

25%

34%

35%

36%

37%

39%

40%

42%

42%

44%

44%

45%

46%

49%

49%

Mobile skin-HTML app

22%

21%

14%

12%

14%

13%

10%

12%

7%

11%

11%

8%

11%

7%

5%

8%

Deployment Plans for Mobile Applications

Note: Multiple responses allowedBase: 564 respondents developing or planning to develop native or browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek 2013 Mobile Application Development Survey of 688 business technology professionals, July 2013

R7230813/11

Forms/data collection

Customer-facing (any type)

Business intelligence/analytics

Service management/customer support

Interactive product catalogs/documentation

Collaboration

Travel and expense reporting/time tracking

Custom sales tools

Conferencing/video

Field service scheduling/dispatch

CRM

Inventory/material management

Logistics/status tracking

ERP

Manufacturing/process control

Online payment processing

R

FAST FACT

46%of respondents to our

2013 Mobile Application

Development Survey

have deployed custom

mobile apps, with 41%

planning more in the

next year.



Figure 8

ative and data driven. In contrast to desktopor even web apps, which often go throughlengthy development and testing periods,Wright says, mobile release cycles are muchshorter, having gone from months to weeks.Murphy concurs, saying that a common tac-tic is to build the minimum viable productjust to get something out the door to gatherusage statistics and customer feedback forimprovements.Mobile apps are also cross-platform. Unlike

the Microsoft monopoly that defines the cor-porate PC environment, mobile is effectivelya duopoly: Apple and Android. This meansthat for mobile apps to have maximal expo-sure and the biggest audience, developersneed to think cross-platform from the outset.In fact, for Android, it also means dealing withmultiple variants of the platform since An-droid fragmentation is still an issue. The latestsurvey by OpenSignal detected 11,868 dis-tinct Android devices, up almost threefoldsince 2012, running eight Android versions,with only 38% running the latest Jelly Bean re-lease. Companies should also keep an eye on

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For each of the criteria below, which of these application deployment techniques is the best approach?

85% 4%4% 7%

80% 5%6% 9%

71% 9%7% 13%

63% 7%13% 17%

58% 9%12% 21%

33% 24%13% 30%

28% 32%13% 27%

19% 33%13% 35%

16% 35%16% 33%

13% 37%15% 35%

Native mobile app Mobile skin-HTML app Mobile-optimized browser app Generic browser app

Performance

Offline functionality

Security and control

Usability

User acceptance/engagement

Device support and compatibility

Support for/integration with existing back-end systems

Supportability

Ease/speed of development

Ease/speed of deployment

Base: 564 respondents developing or planning to develop native or browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek 2013 Mobile Application Development Survey of 688 business technology professionals, July 2013

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Best Application Deployment Techniques



Figure 9

December 2013 14

use of Windows among their customer anduser base.The basic design decision when developing

mobile apps is native or mobile, but for thebest user experience and feature set, its stillno choice. Experts and the application mar-ketplace agree: native by a mile. The latest Ap-pcelerator and IDC mobile developer reportfound that around 80% to 90% of respon-dents were very interested in developing foriOS or Android phones, while only 65%showed the same interest in HTML5. Our sur-vey respondents overwhelmingly report thatnative applications provide better perform-ance, functionality (including offline), usability,security and control, and user engagementthan browser-based apps. Yet for development speed and minimal

learning curve, HTML still wins. Wright ac-knowledges that although it still doesnt offerthe best user experience, HTML5 does lever-age existing developer expertise. RodrigoCoutinho, R&D manager of OutSystems, anHTML5 platform developer, says that usingweb technologies for mobile apps makes it

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2013 2012

What are the primary reasons for developing a native application instead of a browser-based application?

Native vs. Browser-Based App

Functionality; can't get the application features we need in a browser application

Security and control; we want to precisely control the configuration and data flows

Application performance

User expectations; won't use browser applications

Offline use; need application that works without a network

Easier to optimize for multiple screen sizes (phone, tablet)

Fits into long-term strategy of deploying applications through an internal store/portal

Other

Note: Three responses allowedBase: 481 respondents in July 2013 and 258 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop native custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

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54%52%

36%41%

36%28%

35%34%

33%29%

13%19%

2%2%

29%31%

Rreports.informationweek.com


Figure 10

December 2013 15

December 2013 16

much easier to find skilled developers. Cou -tinho also says that distributing and updatingapps for multiple platforms is much easier todo on the web, although we would point outthat without a well-known app store, theplace mobile users have been conditioned togo for app shopping, it may be harder to ac-tually find them. Coutinho also contends thatin one respect, web apps are more securethan their native counterparts since they in-herently dont locally store any data.

Building the TeamThe structure of your mobile development

team hinges on how strategic mobile is toyour organization. Considering the disrup-tive ramifications mobile has already had inthe business world, with Facebooks MarkZuckerberg predicting that soon well havemore revenue on mobile than desktop,wed suggest you rethink any strategy treat-ing mobile as a nice to have supplement toexisting PC-based apps and businessprocesses. We agree with Wright and others,like Googles Eric Schmidt, that no company

can afford to ignore mobile. This argues forbuilding the app development skill set andcapability internally rather than outsourcing

to mobile specialists. The problem is whetherto go evolutionary or revolutionary.Murphy argues that building a separate mo-

Previous Next

2013 2012

How are you providing custom enterprise applications to mobile devices?

Means of Providing Custom Apps

Mobile-optimized Web interface

Custom mobile application for a single platform (e.g., iOS, Android)

Generic Web interface

Custom mobile application for multiple platforms

Mobile OS skin around a Web application

Other


R7230813/12

56%54%

37%34%

35%31%

30%27%

26%25%

2%3%



Figure 11

December 2013 17

bile team is often the best tactic since the de-velopment process and talent base are signif-icantly different from those for traditional en-

terprise apps. Furthermore, the developer de-mographic skews much younger meaningyou may need to tweak you work environ-

ment to attract those developers. She says bigfirms with established IT departments oftenfind they just cant recruit mobile-savvy de-

velopers since theyre notperceived as cool placesto work. Instead, shes seencompanies set up separateentities with a new nameand a different, moreGoogle- or SoMa-like officeenvironment. You needthe right location and peo-ple with the right attitude,she says. Not up to in-house dev? If

youre not Wal-Mart andcant buy a 10-person mo-bile app startup, you can al-ways rent one. But usingso-called app shops haspros and cons. App special-ists certainly provide re-sults faster than staffing upa new team they alreadyhave the necessary skills

Previous Next

What development environments do you, or will you, use for native mobile applications?

Development Environments for Native Mobile Applications

Note: Multiple responses allowedBase: 481 respondents in July 2013 and 258 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop native custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

R7230813/13

R

2013 2012

Eclip

se (w

/Goo

gle

Andr

oid

SDK)

Appl

e Xc

ode

(iOS)

Micr

osof

t Visu

al St

udio

NetB

eans

(w/G

oogl

e An

droi

d SD

K)

Inte

lliJ (

w/G

oogl

e An

droi

d SD

K)

Appc

eler

ator

Tita

nium

IBM

Wor

klig

ht

QNX

Mom

entic

s (w

/Bla

ckBe

rry S

DK)

RhoM

obile

(now

Mot

orol

a) R

hode

s

Kony

One

Syba

se U

nwire

d (S

UP)

Ante

nna

AMPc

hrom

a

DSI d

cLIN

K

Syclo

Age

ntry

Veriv

o

Othe

r

Don

t/w

on't

use

deve

lopm

ent e

nviro

nmen

ts

Don

t kno

w; e

nviro

nmen

t sel

ecte

d by

out

side

deve

lope

r

Don

t kno

w

52%

40%

48%

43%

3%0%

2% 2% 2%4%

2%4%

2%4%

1% 2%

1% 3%

12%

6%

0%4% 5%

NA

11%

19%

6% 5% 4%6%

4% 3%

40%

39%

16%

11% 12%

8%



Figure 12

December 2013 18

with mobile APIs, user interfaces, and app de-sign and are used to the hair-trigger develop-ment cycle. The downside is that as mobilitycreeps into every corner of the enterprise, alldevelopment will become mobile develop-ment. Thus, organizations that have internal-ized these skills will have a competitive ad-vantage in their ability to rapidly andcost-effectively build a portfolio of mobileapps tailored to their business processes andcustomers. Using external developers canquickly get costly once you get past a smallnumber of apps, while Wright points out thatits often difficult to support and extend codein-house should you choose to insource mo-bile development later.The alternative may simply be retraining

existing developers. This is actually becom-ing easier through new technology. Al-though native mobile languages and IDEs(Objective C with Xcode for iOS or Java withEclipse for Android) are foreign to many en-terprise developers, new mobile develop-ment platforms from Appcelerator, Phone-Gap, and Xamarin allow mobile developers

Previous Next

2013 2012

How important is cross-platform support, i.e., the ability to use a single code base to build native applications for multiple platforms, when selecting mobile development software?

Importance of Cross-Platform Support

Critical; a must-have

Important but not a deal-breaker

Somewhat important; could tip the decision

Nice to have but not a major consideration

Unimportant; we only support a single platform

We dont use mobile development software

Dont know

Base: 564 respondents in July 2013 and 287 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop native or browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

R7230813/17

26%28%

38%36%

14%15%

15%14%

2%1%

1%0%

4%6%

FAST FACT

3%of respondents are still

using the BlackBerry

PlayBook.



Figure 13

December 2013 19

to use the same languages theyre alreadyfamiliar with on the web, namely JavaScriptor C# (.NET), but compile to native apps onboth platforms from the same code base.

The promise of cross-platform mobile appdev environments hasnt yet impressed ourrespondents as most use vendor-endorsedand supported IDEs, like Eclipse and Xcode, to

build native mobile apps. In fact, the share us-ing native coding environments jumped asizeable 12 points for Eclipse and five pointsfor Xcode, although some of this could be at-tributed to the higher share of Dr. Dobbsreaders. Cross-platform development systemslike Appcelerator Titanium and SAP Unwiredstill languish in the single digits.The dearth of interest in fancy cross-plat-

form tools isnt surprising when you considerthat barely a quarter of our respondents con-sider cross-platform support a critical, must-have feature when evaluating mobile devel-opment software. In fact, a higher share, 31%consider cross-platform, write-once, deploy-anywhere features somewhere between irrel-evant and moderately interesting just onthe margins of tipping their decisions onwhich mobile development platform to use.Our takeaway is that despite the intriguingtechnology and anecdotal case studies, pur-veyors of cross-platform mobile app develop-ment systems have plenty of work to do convincing IT to spend big money (the Ap-pcelerator enterprise platform starts at $999

Previous Next

What are the most important features when evaluating IDEs used for mobile development?

Most Important IDE Evaluation Features


R7230813/16

R

2013 2012

Cros

s-pl

atfo

rm su

ppor

t

Best

supp

ort f

or m

y pre

ferre

d m

obile

dev

ice; e

.g.,

Blac

kBer

ry,

iPho

ne, A

ndro

id, W

indo

ws P

hone

Grap

hica

l UI;

drag

-and

-dro

p

Initi

al co

st/fr

ee

Debu

ggin

g an

d te

stin

g fe

atur

es

Ongo

ing

cost

(lice

nsin

g/m

aint

enan

ce)

Deve

lope

r sup

port

serv

ices

Mod

ules

for b

ack-

end

data

base

inte

grat

ion

Supp

orte

d la

ngua

ges

Inte

rope

rabi

lity w

ith o

ur e

xist

ing

deve

lopm

ent m

etho

dolo

gy

Adhe

renc

e to

stan

dard

s

Inte

grat

ion

with

oth

er d

evel

opm

ent s

yste

ms a

nd w

orkf

low

s

Supp

ort f

or/in

tegr

atio

n w

ith d

evel

oper

code

repo

sitor

ies

Othe

r

We

don'

t use

IDEs

Don'

t kno

w

51%

50%

37% 41%

8%10%

7%5%

2% 1% 1% 1%

4%9%

31%

28% 29%

25%

23%

10%

18%

15%

15%

11% 14%

13%

13%

6%

11% 15%

9%11%



Figure 14

per developer per month) on their softwarewhen Apple and Google give it away forfree. Making it a somewhat easier sell is thefact that more than half of our respondentssay a big challenge to building native mo-bile apps is cross-platform compatibility; in-deed, the share citing this challenge jumped16 points this year.

Important Mobile App CapabilitiesAside from actual coding, developing mo-

bile apps is a multistage undertaking requir-ing skills and processes not always found, orat least emphasized, when building client-server or web applications. According to HPsMurphy, the importance of design means mo-bile apps often go through more wireframeUI prototypes and usability testing to fine-tune the interface. Testing focuses on the ef-ficiency of the touch interface, as the best de-signs minimize swipes and screens requiredto perform specific tasks.Once the design has been committed to

code, functional testing looks at software ef-ficacy whether it performs as designed.

Wright notes that this has traditionally beena manual process, with developers putting al-pha and beta code into the hands of userswho find and report bugs; however, he saysits possible to automate the process byrecording different usage scenarios and steps,

then playing back the sequence on differentcode builds and platforms.Another important design consideration

has little to do with the interface, but ratherfocuses on the APIs apps use to access dataand cloud services along with any that might

Previous Next

Native mobile applications Web-optimized mobile applications

Who is doing the actual code and UI development for native and Web-optimized/HTML5 mobile applications?

Mobile Application Code and UI Development

All in-house developers (including contract employees)

Specialized, independent mobile app design and development shop

Professional services from mobile app ISV

Other external IT service provider (e.g., vertically integrated IT consultancy)

Mix of in-house and external resources

Base: 564 respondents developing or planning to develop native or browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek 2013 Mobile Application Development Survey of 688 business technology professionals, July 2013

R7230813/15

59%59%

9%8%

3%3%

6%7%

23%23%



Figure 15

December 2013 20

December 2013 21

be exposed to other applications. Wright saysthinking about APIs is critical to delivering thetypes of data-rich experiences mobile usershave come to expect (we agree; check out ourAge of the API cover story). Mobile apps typ-ically amalgamate data from more than justenterprise sources, adding in third-party infor-mation from sites like Twitter, Salesforce.com,and Google Maps. Some development plat-forms, including Appcelerators, includeready-made APIs for common online services,but Wright says youll also need the ability toquickly build new ones for emergent servicesand data sources. Most organizations have yet to grapple

with the issues around API strategy andmanagement. According to a survey fromLayer 7, a provider of API management andmobilization tools that was recently acquiredby CA, about 43% of the 140 IT pros surveyedhave API programs in place, with an addi-tional 27% expecting to launch such an ini-tiative in the next year. The biggest impetusbehind such programs, cited by nearly 72%of Layer 7 respondents, is the need to sup-

port mobility programs and apps. Dimitri Sirota, senior VP of security at CA

and co-founder of Layer 7, stresses the need

for a strategy to deploy and manage the APIsthat will enable a company to secure andleverage data, empower a mobilized work-

Previous Next

What development environments do you use for cross-platform, browser-based (HTML5) mobile applications?

Dev Environments for Browser-Based Apps

Note: Multiple responses allowedBase: 497 respondents in July 2013 and 258 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

R7230813/14

R

2013 2012

jQue

ry M

obile

Text

-bas

ed ID

E (lik

e Ec

lipse

)

Adob

e Dr

eam

wea

ver

Adob

e Ph

oneG

ap

Senc

ha A

rchi

tect

Netb

iscui

ts

JetB

rain

s Ast

ella

Usab

lene

t

Othe

r

Don

t/w

on't

use

deve

lopm

ent e

nviro

nmen

ts

Don

t kno

w; e

nviro

nmen

t sel

ecte

d by

out

side

deve

lope

r

Don

t kno

w

36%

26%

32%

22%

4%6%

4% 4%

2%4%

11%

5% 4% 5% 7

%NA

17%

30%

22%

33%

17% 19%

5% 4%



Figure 16

force, and engage with the developers driv-ing the app economy.

Measuring and SecuringBoth Murphy and Wright underscore the im-

portance of analytics, which provide visibilityinto app usage, performance, and reliability.These capabilities cant be bolted on as an af-terthought. Youre making an investment inmobile, so dont be blind about it, saysWright. Thoroughly instrumented apps provide in-

formation key to developing future releasesand bug fixes. For example, does the appcrash more often on one platform than an-other, or when a certain feature is accessed?Detailed usage data can also show which fea-tures people actually use, where they spendthe most time, and how effective they arenavigating the interface all important in-formation to prioritize future enhancements. After deployment, app analytics provides in-

sight on the user base: who they are, wherethey are, and any problems they encounter.Analytics can also tie into mobile application

Previous Next



2013 2012

What are the primary reasons for developing a browser-optimized application versus a native browser application?

Browser-Based vs. Native App

Easier and faster to develop

Easier and faster to deploy

Already had browser applications, minimal changes needed for mobile

No mobile application development expertise

Didn't need to use any native mobile device features; the browser is good enough

Client, whether PC or mobile, is only used for interface data collection; application processing is done on a back-end system

Don't want to support mobile devices; browser applications supported same as on PC

Other

Note: Three responses allowedBase: 497 respondents in July 2013 and 258 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

R7230813/20

66%62%

62%55%

47%42%

21% 21%

18%20%

13%17%

3%2%

17%19%

R

Figure 17

December 2013 22

management platforms to ensure that usersupgrade to the latest version. Although devel-opment platforms like Appcelerator prebuildanalytics into the code base, apps can also tieinto third-party mobile analytics products likeFlurry, Kontagent, and Mixpanel. Note that mobile app developers tend to fo-

cus on the user experience and often aremuch less interested in working on the back-end plumbing. If you think about the web,most development was server-centric, saysWright. But theres been a shift on mobile tothe client and front end. Translated: Develop-ers just want the back-end services to workwithout much effort on their part. This iswhere MBaaS, or mobile-back-end-as-a-ser-vice, comes in.As we recently wrote, MBaaS, which is a

combination of cloud-based middleware, appstate synchronization, and persistent datastorage, offers the promise of native app userexperience plus web app IT security and man-ageability. The cloud back end centralizes theapps data store on a platform that IT controls.Like browser-based web apps, theres no data

Previous Next

FAST FACT

65%of those developing

browser-based mobile

apps cite browser

compatibility as a

challenge.



2013 2012

What are the biggest challenges when developing browser-based applications?

Biggest Challenges

Browser compatibility; coding for differences in IE, Safari, Android, Opera, Chrome

HTML5 browser support/maturity

Translating functionality of Windows applications to a browser UI

Finding/nurturing Web application development expertise

More complex code development than native applications

Harder to package and deploy

Harder to update

Other

Note: Three responses allowedBase: 497 respondents in July 2013 and 258 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

R7230813/21

65%55%

52%43%

42%44%

32% 35%

24%29%

7%10%

5%4%

10%15%

R

Figure 18

December 2013 23

December 2013 24

on the client. Some back-end services also in-clude security features that limit what userscan do with the data for example, prevent-ing information from being emailed or copiedand pasted. Likewise, since apps automaticallysync to the cloud back end, IT doesnt have toworry about managing or backing up localcopies.Regardless of the back end used, mobile

apps must pay close attention to security.Data and network encryption are a must, andhere Coutinho of OutSystems advises investi-gating software that handles security for you.His company uses HP Fortify, which he saysfinds common security mistakes, like expo-sure to SQL injection or cross-site scripting at-tacks, that developers might miss.

RecommendationsMobile devices and the apps that power

them are just the first wave of a new genera-tion of connected devices often termed theInternet of things. Wright contends that mo-bile apps are precursors to a new generationof software powering intelligent, connected,

app-enabled devices. Whether fitness bandslike Fitbit and Nike Fuel, Google Glass, smartwatches like Pebble and the long-rumorediWatch, or even the Nest thermostat, appify-ing devices will soon be commonplace. Theskills gained building enterprise mobile appcapabilities will eventually be applicable tonew devices that arent even on your organi-zations radar. Heres how to get started:>> Develop a comprehensive mobile strat-

egy and select opportune app targets.>> Focus on users what they need and

how theyll use various apps. Mobile appsmust start with a user-centric design.>> Dont use outsourced talent as a crutch.

Mobile is changing the way people accessand share information in ways that will affectevery business. Its far too major and strategica shift to ignore or farm out. Mobilizing yourbusiness requires internal capability to dowell, even if its just designing and optimizingapps for a particular business process or jobcategory.>> Evaluate development platforms that

make mobile development look more like web

programming to leverage existing skill sets.>> Build a library of reusable components

and APIs that make your second, third, and10th mobile apps incrementally easier andquicker to build.>> Dont short-change resources. Chris

Silva, a mobile analyst at Altimeter Group, saysWalgreens learned that lesson when develop-ing its mobile app, which includes a novel andincredibly convenient feature that allows cus-tomers to scan a prescription bar code to ini-tiate a refill. Solving a tough technologicalproblem scanning a curved bar code demanded significant resources, from designthrough development and testing.Going mobile is no longer an option,

whether youre a retailer looking for morecustomers or a small plumbing business try-ing to streamline operations and maximizethe time your plumbers spend actually fixingleaks versus filling out paperwork and waitingfor parts. Yes, mobilizing your organizationmeans understanding a new way of design-ing, developing, testing, and evaluating apps.But the payoff can be massive.

Previous Next



December 2013 25

Previous Next


reports B u i l d i n g a M o b i l e B u s i n e s s M i n d s e t

APPEND

IX

Table of Contents

For which mobile operating systems have you deployed, or do you plan to build, browser-optimized custom applications?

Mobile OS for Custom Apps

Note: Multiple responses allowedBase: 497 respondents in July 2013 and 258 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

R7230813/6

R

2013 2012

Appl

e iP

ad

Andr

oid

Phon

e

Appl

e iP

hone

Andr

oid

Tabl

et

Win

dow

s Pho

ne 7

.x o

r 8

Win

dow

s Mob

ile

Blac

kBer

ry 1

0 OS

Blac

kBer

ry 7

OS o

r ear

lier

Blac

kBer

ry Ta

blet

OS (

Play

Book

)

HP P

alm

Web

OS

Sym

bian

Othe

r

75%

69%

75%

64%

74%

71%

68%

54%

26%

23%

21%

20%

11%

NA

6%

2% 1%

NA

1%

10%

4% 3%

2%3%

Figure 19

December 2013 26

Previous Next



2013 2012

Which best describes the type of mobile device employees will most likely use to access custom applications?

Mobile Device Most Likely Used to Access Custom Apps

An approved, company-issued mobile device

Any device running an approved mobile OS version and centrally managed by IT, whether employee- or company-owned

Any device running a compatible mobile OS, whether company- or employee-owned


R7230813/7

23%35%

22%24%

55%41%

Figure 20

December 2013 27

Previous Next



What are the most important reasons you are developing or plan to develop mobile applications?

Reasons for Developing Mobile Applications

Note: Three responses allowedBase: 564 respondents in July 2013 and 287 in July 2012 developing or planning to develop native or browser-optimized custom mobile applicationsData: InformationWeek Mobile Application Development Survey of business technology professionals

R7230813/8

R

2013 2012

Business managers and their employees want the option to use mobile devices instead of a PC

Our existing Web-based applications don't translate well to mobile browsers

Efficiency; we believe some tasks are better done on a touch-screen interface

We have new business processes that require mobile devices

We're replacing laptops with smartphones and tablets for mobile employees

Senior managers have a critical application they want to run mobile

Our enterprise software platforms (e.g., Oracle, SAP) have released mobile applications

Other

53%53%

35%31%

10%13%

12%11%

16%14%

34%30%

18%21%

30%30%

Figure 21

December 2013 28

Previous Next



2013 2012

Who is primarily responsible for specifying the mobile devices and platforms that custom enterprise applications must support?

Choosing Devices and Platforms

Senior executive IT management

IT management/staff

Senior executive management (non-IT)

End users

Line-of-business management/application owners

It's a collaborative decision between IT and the business

Other


R7230813/9

22%28%

19%25%

14%14%

11%7%

9%8%

23%16%

2%2%

Figure 22

December 2013 29

Previous Next



Which of the following best describes your job title?

10% 7%

9%

3%

7%

42%

22%

Job Title

Data: InformationWeek 2013 Mobile Application Development Survey of 688 business technology professionals, July 2013 R7230813/23

R

IT executive management (C-level/VP)

IT director/managerConsultant

Other

Non-IT executive management

Line-of-business management

IT/IS staff

Figure 23

December 2013 30

Previous Next



Which of the following dollar ranges includes the annual revenue of your entire organization?

14%

12%

6%

8%

14%

4%10%

8%

24%

Revenue


R

Less than $6 million

$6 million to $49.9 million

Government/nonprofit

Don't know/decline to say

$500 million to $999.9 million$1 billion to $4.9 billion

$5 billion or more



Figure 24

December 2013 31

Previous Next



What is your organizations primary industry?

Industry

Biot

ech/

biom

edica

l/pha

rmac

eutic

al

Cons

truc

tion/

engi

neer

ing

Cons

ultin

g an

d bu

sines

s ser

vice

s

Educ

atio

n

Elec

tron

ics

Fina

ncia

l ser

vice

s

Gove

rnm

ent

Heal

thca

re/m

edica

l

IT ve

ndor

s

Logi

stics

/tra

nspo

rtat

ion

Man

ufac

turin

g/in

dust

rial, n

onco

mpu

ter

Med

ia/e

nter

tain

men

t

Nonp

rofit

Reta

il/e-

com

mer

ce

Tele

com

mun

icatio

ns/IS

Ps

Utili

ties

Othe

r


2% 2%

9% 9%

3%

9%

8%

6%

13%

2%

8%

3%

2% 2%

4%

2%

16%

Figure 25

December 2013 32

Previous Next



Approximately how many employees are in your organization?

21%

6%

16%

7%

6%

17%

27%

Company Size


1

Fewer than 50

50-99

10,000 or more

500-999

1,000-4,999

5,000-9,999

100-499

Figure 26

December 2013 33

Previous Next



2013 2012

Which of the following best describes your job title?

Job Title

IT executive management (C-level/VP)

IT director/manager

IT/IS staff

Non-IT executive management

Line-of-business management

Consultant

Other


R7230813/27

7%11%

22%29%

42%34%

7% 7%

3%6%

10%8%

9%5%

Figure 27

December 2013 34

Previous Next



2013 2012

Which of the following dollar ranges includes the annual revenue of your entire organization?

Revenue

Less than $6 million





$1 billion to $4.9 billion

$5 billion or more

Government/nonprofit

Don't know/decline to say


R7230813/28

24%14%

12%15%

6%9%

8% 13%

4%6%

14%14%

8%8%

14%13%

10%8%

Figure 28

December 2013 35

Previous Next



What is your organizations primary industry?

Industry


R7230813/29

R

2013 2012Bi

otec

h/bi

omed

ical/p

harm

aceu

tical

Cons

truc

tion/

engi

neer

ing

Cons

ultin

g an

d bu

sines

s ser

vice

s

Educ

atio

n

Elec

tron

ics

Fina

ncia

l ser

vice

s

Gove

rnm

ent

Heal

thca

re/m

edica

l

IT ve

ndor

s

Logi

stics

/tra

nspo

rtat

ion

Man

ufac

turin

g/in

dust

rial, n

onco

mpu

ter

Med

ia/e

nter

tain

men

t

Nonp

rofit

Reta

il/e-

com

mer

ce

Tele

com

mun

icatio

ns/IS

Ps

Utili

ties

Othe

r

2%1%

2%3% 3% 3%

2%1%

2% 2%

4%5%

2% 2%

16%

16%

9% 9% 9%11%

3% 3%

9% 9%

8%12%

6%10%

13%

6%

2% 2%

8%5%

Figure 29

December 2013 36

Previous Next



2013 2012

Approximately how many employees are in your organization?

Company Size

Fewer than 50

50-99

100-499

500-999

1,000-4,999

5,000-9,999

10,000 or more


R7230813/30

27%11%

6%6%

16%18%

6% 11%

17%18%

21%25%

7%11%

Figure 30

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reports B u i l d i n g a M o b i l e B u s i n e s s M i n d s e t

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InformationWeek creates more than 150 reports like this each year, and theyre all free toregistered users. Well help you sort through vendor claims, justify IT projects and imple-ment new systems by providing analysis and advice from IT professionals. Right now on oursite youll find:

2013 Mobile Commerce Survey: Among nearly 900 qualified respondents to our poll, 71%say m-commerce is very or extremely important to the future of their organizations. However, just 26% have comprehensive strategies in place now. That spells opportunity.

3 Ways to Virtualize Mobile Devices: The notion of splitting smartphones and tablets intopersonal and business partitions is gaining strength, for good reason. Here are three paths,but be warned iOS shops will have a tougher go of it.

Google in the Enterprise Survey: Theres no doubt Google has made headway into businesses: Just 28% discourage or ban use of its productivity products, and 69% cite GoogleApps good or excellent mobility. But progress could still stall: 59% of nonusers distrust the se-curity of its cloud, data privacy is an open question, and 37% worry about integration.

PLUS: Find signature reports, such as the InformationWeek Salary Survey, InformationWeek500 and the annual State of Security report; full issues; and much more.

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