resource virtualization model in cloud manufacturing
TRANSCRIPT
Resource Virtualization Model in Cloud Manufacturing
Lei Wu
School of computer science and technology, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R.China
Keywords: Cloud Manufacturing, service-oriented architecture, manufacturing resource, encapsulation, and virtualization
Abstract. To solve more complex manufacturing problems and perform larger scale collaborative
manufacturing, a new service-oriented networked manufacturing model—Cloud Manufacturing is
presented. The paper presents a resource virtualization model to support resource sharing in cloud
manufacturing environment. It can be decomposed into four layers: manufacturing resources layer,
concrete web service layer, logical service layer and application layer. The relationships of every
layer are discussed in detail. At last, we make a conclusion and put forward the future work.
Introduction
Manufacturing industry is the important support of creating human fortune and the important
embodiment of the national economy and overall national strength of a country. Economic
globalization makes manufacturing enterprises face the competition of market, resource, technology
and person with ability. In this environment, manufacturing enterprises desiderate integrate
just-in-time many kinds of manufacturing resources to meet the various requirement of business and
develop the extensive collaboration among Enterprises to cope with quickly changing market
requirements.
Cloud Computing [1,2,3] is becoming an increasingly popular enterprise model in which
computing resources are made available on-demand to the user as needed. Cloud computing aims at
realizing scalable integration of all kinds of distributed resources for effective use, in which the
shared resources are not bound to information, but extended to hardware, computing, and human
resources [4]. And it promises on-demand, dynamic and easily accessible computing power. The
pay-as-you-use scheme is attractive for small to medium sized organizations that do not have the
capital and personnel to purchase and maintain their own computing infrastructure. [5]
The emerging and spring up of Cloud Computing gives manufacturing a new solution and chance
to realize resource sharing and cooperative work between enterprises for global manufacturing. In
this condition, the Cloud Manufacturing emerges as the times require. The paper [6] presents the
concept of Cloud Manufacturing and proposed the Cloud Manufacturing architecture. The paper [7]
puts forward a networked modeling & simulation platform based on the concept of cloud
computing-cloud simulation. This can improve the capability of simulation in sharing, collaborating,
fault-tolerating.
There are many kinds of manufacturing resources, which belong to various enterprises. They are
geographically distributed, morphology diversity and autonomy, which make the resource sharing
and management is very complicated. Virtualization technology [8] and Service-Oriented
Architecture (SOA) are two key enabling technologies in Cloud Computing environment. [9]
Virtualization provides important advantages in sharing, manageability and isolation. In this
condition, the paper studied the virtualization model in Cloud Manufacturing environment [10].
The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 introduces the resource virtualization
model in Cloud Manufacturing. Section 3 introduces the relationship of every layer. At last, the
conclusion and further work are presented.
Advanced Materials Research Vols. 143-144 (2011) pp 1250-1253Online available since 2010/Oct/28 at www.scientific.net© (2011) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerlanddoi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.143-144.1250
All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of TTP,www.ttp.net. (ID: 128.252.67.66, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, United States of America-03/10/13,09:15:29)
Resource Virtualization Model in Cloud Manufacturing
There are many kinds of manufacturing resources, which belong to various enterprises. They are
geographically distributed, morphology diversity and autonomy, which make the resource sharing
and management is very complicated. Virtualization technology is the key of cloud computing and is
the foundation for building cloud services. The paper proposed the manufacturing resource
virtualization model to support resource sharing and cooperative work between enterprises for global
manufacturing.
Virtualization can make a common set of abstract interfaces available for a set of similar resources,
thereby hiding differences in their properties and operations, and allowing them to be viewed and
manipulated in a common way.
Fig.1 Resource virtualization model
Fig. 1 shows the resource virtualization model. It can be decomposed into four layers:
manufacturing resources layer, concrete web service layer, logical service layer and application layer.
The logical service is divided into atom logical service and composition logical service. The resource
virtualization model displays the different abstract of resources in description, management and
using. Manufacturing resources have four different forms in cloud manufacturing environment:
concert manufacturing resources, concert resources, atom logical resources and composition logical
resources. The application is executed on the concert manufacturing resource layer; the concert
service layer aims to solve the problem of union standard and union invoking interface of various
resources. Logical service layer aims to satisfy the specially function requirement. Manufacturing
resources are abstracted logical services, which are easier to be understand by business users.
Manufacturing resources layer
Manufacturing resources layer are heterogeneous and geographically distributed manufacturing
resources, which is provided by different enterprises.
Concert services layer
Manufacturing resources are encapsulated as services, which can make them offer their services
and functionality in a standard web service environment.
Logical services layer
These physical services are too complex for business users to understand and manage directly, so
they are virtualized as logical services on the logical service layer. Atom logical service can not be
divided, they have the absolute function. Some atom logical services are composed as composition
logical service according to the certain business flow. Atom logical and composition logical services
can be invoked or composed into a workflow as an activity.
Application layer
On the application layer, business users can build manufacturing application by orchestrating
logical services; they don’t care about the implementation of the concrete web services. The goal of
implementing cooperation and virtual product development in many different industries can be
achieved.
Composition
Logical layer
Atom logical service layer
Physical service layer
Manufacturing resources layer
Logical serv
ice layer
Application layer
Advanced Materials Research Vols. 143-144 1251
The Relationship of Every Layer in Resource Virtualization Model
The resource virtualization model shows the different existing form of manufacturing resources in
Cloud Manufacturing environment. Manufacturing resources and services on different layers are
corresponding.
Relationship of manufacturing resource layer and concert service layer
Manufacturing resources are encapsulated as concert services based on union open standard. The
essential attribute and function are provided and the detail of concrete implement is hidden. Concert
services layer aim to solve the problem of union standard and union invoking interface of various
resources.
When encapsulating manufacturing, there are main three kinds of cases:
One-to-one mapping
This is the simplest case; the manufacturing resource can only provide single function and directly
be encapsulated service. For example, the data format exchange service for CAD model and CAE
model.
Many-to-one mapping
In a many-to-one mapping, many resources provide single function. From the view of the user,
they don’t know there are many resources to service them. It is a convenient method to use when
creating a single, more powerful or functional virtualized resource from several less powerful or
functional resources.
According to the relationship of many resources, there are two kinds of cases:
One case: these resources are collaborative relationship; manufacturing resources collaborate with
each other to complete the concert service’s function. That is to say the concert service is the
composition of some collaborative concert manufacturing resources. For example, AUTOMESH
software can provide mesh function, CASFORM software can simulation the forging process. So we
can encapsulate these two software resources to one concert services. Users provide the product
model to the simulation service, and then can get the simulation result. The users don’t know the
simulation process in detail. In this case, these resources are organized according to certain business
process.
The other case: these resources can provide same function, which can create a single, more
powerful or functional virtualized resource. For example, we can use much small storage to provide
virtualized storage service, which can have large storage space.
one-to-many mapping
This pattern is one of the most commonly used for infrastructure virtualization. It consists of a
single physical resource and the logical representation to the consumer of it as more than one
resource. The consumer interfaces with the virtualized resources as though the only consumer,
unaware that he is sharing the resource with any other consumer. For example, ANSYS software can
provide structure analysis, thermal analysis, magnetic analysis and fluid analysis, so the ANSYS
software can be encapsulated many different concert services.
Relationship of concert service layer and logical service layer
Logical services are user-understandable, business-level reusable services. They are abstractions of a
set of concrete services. Each service can fulfill certain business functionality. Logical services can
fulfill certain business functionality. They are topper level abstract services. Through hiding the
technical details of web services (such as web services’ WSDL address) and encapsulating semantic
information, logical services can be regarded as business-level representation of service resources
and be understood and operated by business users. There are two kinds of methods on getting
logical services: the first is that experts in the field define the logical service according to actual
demand. The second is virtualizing physical services through some virtualization method such as
clustering, abstracting and so on. The composion logical services are composed of some atom logical
service according to the business process. Composion logical services can also be composed to get
lager granularity services.
1252 Smart Materials and Intelligent Systems, SMIS2010
Conclusions and future work
The research of Cloud Manufacturing in the application of specific industry has just begun and has
not mature solution. The resource virtualization model provides the method of resource sharing in
cloud manufacturing environment. Through virtualization, an insulation layer is established between
manufacturing resources and application, which make the application not depend on given
manufacturing resources.
We are studying the manufacturing resource encapsulation method and the pattern of
virtualization in the cloud manufacturing environment.
Acknowledgment
The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided for the project by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China under Grant No 60703027, the National High Technology Research and
Development Program of China (No.2006AA01A113, 2009AA043506), the Science & Technology
Development Projects of Shandong Province (2007GG10001001) and the China Postdoctoral
Science Foundation(20090451313).
References
[1] G. Gruman, "What cloud computing really means", InfoWorld, (2009).
[2] R. Buyya, Y. S. Chee, and V. Srikumar, “Market-Oriented Cloud Computing: Vision, Hype, and
Reality for Delivering IT Services as Computing Utilities”, Department of Computer Science
and Software Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia, (2008), pp. 9.
[3] D. Chappell, “A Short Introduction to Cloud Platforms”, David Chappell & Associates, (2008).
[4] Liang-Jie Zhang, Carl K Chang, Ephraim Feig, Robert Grossman ,Keynote Panel, Business
Cloud:Bringing The Power of SOA and Cloud Computing ,pp.xix, 2008 IEEE International
Conference on Services Computing (2008).
[5] Nayden Markatchev, Roger Curry, Cameron Kiddle, A Cloud-based Interactive Application
Service, Fifth IEEE International Conference on e-Science, ( 2009) pp102-109
[6] LI Bohu , ZHANG Lin , WANG Shilong , TAO Fei , CAO Junwei .etc, Cloud manufacturing :a
new service2oriented networked manufacturing model,Computer Integrated Manufacturing
Systems,Vol. 16 No. 1( 2010),pp1-7
[7] LI Bo-hu, CHAI Xu-dong, HOU Bao-cun, LI Tan, ZHANG Ya-bin .etc, Networked Modeling &
Simulation Platform Based on Concept of Cloud Computing—Cloud Simulation Platform,
Journal of System Simulation, Vol. 21 No. 17, (2009),p5292-5299
[8] Sun Microsystems, “Virtualization for Dummies”
[9] Ali Arsanjani, Liang-Jie Zhang, Michael Ellis, Abdul Allam, Kishore Channabasavaiah, "S3: A
Service-Oriented Reference Architecture," IT Professional, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 10-17,(2007)
[10] Liang-Jie Zhang and Qun Zhou. CCOA: Cloud Computing Open Architecture.IEEE
International Conference on Web Services, (2009),pp 607-61
Advanced Materials Research Vols. 143-144 1253
Smart Materials and Intelligent Systems, SMIS2010 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.143-144 Resource Virtualization Model in Cloud Manufacturing 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.143-144.1250
DOI References
[3] D. Chappell, “A Short Introduction to Cloud Platforms”, David Chappell & Associates, (2008).
doi:10.1353/cp.0.0022