responsible tourism in laos (english)

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Dear Visitor,

We are very happy to welcome you to Laos, a country of stunning natural beauty, rich in culture and history. Our country remains relatively unexplored and is seen as an oasis for calm and authentic South East Asian life.

Laos is comprised of many highland areas, pristine lush jungles and limestone forests, rivers and waterfalls as well as the impressive Mekong River with a multitude of islands. Our country offers variety of outdoor adventures from trekking, kayaking, cycling or caving. The charming cities in Laos are places for rest and relaxation as well as centers of important cultural heritage, peace and spirituality.

It is not just the beauty and history of the country but also the kindness, friendliness, hospitality and generosity of its people that make a traveler’s stay in Laos an unforgettable experience. The ethnic diversity of Laos is outstanding, offering a variety of traditional arts and crafts.

There are however many fragile aspects of our nature and culture. We are honored that you have chosen to visit Laos and we know that you have the highest respect for our country. To make your stay in Laos a special experience we would like to make you aware of some of the dangers and vulnerabilities of our country with this publication.

The Lao National Tourism Administration supports sustainable tourism developments for tourists enjoying our preserved and authentic beauty.

I wholeheartedly welcome you to Laos “Simply Beautiful”.

Somphong MONGKHONVILAY Minister Chairman Lao National Tourism Administration

Socially Responsible Tourism, Laos


Dear Visitor,

Lao Women’s Union is a mass organization under the leadership of the Party and the Government of Lao PDR. It works for the legitimate rights and interests of women and children throughout the country via four networking levels-governmental, provincial, district and village - and its links to other ministries and equivalent ministries.

Lao Women’s Union is committed to being a centre for solidarity and education of women. It aims to empower women of all ethnic groups in every part of society, to support women in preserving the national culture, and to involve them in the implementation of the national socio economic development plan. In recent years, Lao Women’s Union has also played an important role in achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) adopted by the government. These MDGs cover a number of linked goals, including the reduction of poverty, the promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women, and the ensuring of environmental sustainability.

As a part of our implementation of cultural preservation, environment protection and poverty reduction, we, the Lao Women’s Union on behalf of the Lao women of all ethnic groups nationwide, are very pleased to invite all travelers to visit Laos, our small and beautiful country. We hope you will travel Laos with care, and support Socially Responsible Tourism.

Mrs. Bouachanh Syhanath Permanent Secretary of the Lao Women’s Union Chairperson, Executive Board of the Lao Women’s Union Tour Company

Dear traveler,

Welcome to Laos, we hope you enjoy your stay. Since 2000, when I first started as a volunteer and created Carpe Diem Travel as

a not-for-profit social enterprise, I have realized that development, and tourism development in particular, often comes at a price. Often the first to lose is the unique culture of the host, followed closely by the environment.

The production of this brochure is a direct response to one very disturbing finding during our ongoing involvement with the people of Laos.

The legacy of the carpet bombing undertaken by the US Air Force during the American-Vietnam war is millions of UXO – unexploded ordnance, both large de-vices and tiny “bombies” that can fit in the palm of your hand. These devices con-tinue to cause large numbers of deaths and horrific injuries, especially to children.

And yet an alarming number of tourists view UXO shells as perfectly acceptable souvenirs, and will pay local people for them.

Demand = Supply. Supply = Collection. Collection = A dead or injured child

The same equation applies to wild animal parts (whether meat, claws or fur) - many of the items sold in Laos come from endangered species. By eating bush meat, or buying “lucky” bear teeth, visitors are contributing to the decline of local wildlife which conservationists are working so hard to preserve.

Socially responsible tourism is just that - being considerate of the culture and the country that you are visiting. As a visitor, the way that you behave in your host country can have a huge impact - positive or negative.

Carpe Diem Travel has always worked hard to make visitors aware that they have responsibilities for the social well being of their destination and this was the driving force behind the production of this magazine. The partners we invited to contribute to its content are all experts in their field and will, I hope, be able to give you a valuable background to the country and what positive action can be taken to preserve it.

I hope you enjoy your visit to Laos.

Marc Lansu Director, Carpe Diem Travel

ContentsLWUT & CARPE DIEM TRAVELSocially Responsible Tourism..............

LAO WOMEN’S UNIONStrengthen Lao Women.....................

WCSWildlife in Laos.................................

UNESCOMysterious jars.................................

UXO-NRAUnexploded Ordnance.......................

COPEStand up!........................................

SNVPro poor tourism..............................

LAO AIRLINES..................................

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Initiated and coordinated by Marc LansuDesign and Layout by Laurence ThouveninPrinted in Laos by Pankham-Jampa Publishing

Socially Responsible Tourism


> When both the traveller and the host benefit

Laos - a land of natural beauty, diverse hill tribe cultures, warm and friendly people. It is no surprise that the New York Times rated it as “the place to go in 2008”. Increased tourism will surely bring economic benefits, but in countries with a long history of tourism it has been seen that it can also bring negative impacts.

Without an awareness of the risks and a conscious effort to minimise them, expanding tourism can in the long term cause lasting damage to environment and culture - the very things that made the destination such a nice place to visit in the first place. In so many countries, it is often also the case that the poorer people in society see no benefit at all from tourist revenue. The Lao Women’s Union Tour Company which is under the leadership of the Lao Women’s Union is dedicated to participate in alleviating poverty amongst women of Laos, working on women’s wellbeing, empowerment and sense of community. That is why Carpe Diem Travel, a social enterprise tour operator based in the UK but working on the ground

with local people, we are delighted to work in a unique partnership with the Lao Women’s Union Tour Company. Our partnership is a reflection of our shared aims and ideals and a commitment to sustainable development whilst preserving local culture: the core elements of Socially Responsible Tourism.

Our joint belief is that travel is not just a series of “been there, done that” photos -it’s an opportunity to learn about other cultures and their way of life. So our itineraries are designed to give you time to appreciate your destination, incorporating elements of culture, history, art and nature. Our personally trained tour leaders can really help you to interact with the people around you and get the most from your visit.

Lao Women’s Union Tour CompanyManthatourath Rd, Ban Xieng YeunChanthabouly District, Vientiane Capital, Laos Tel / Fax: 856-21-243392Email:[email protected]: www.laowomentour.com

Carpe Diem Travel68 St. Peters Street,

London N1 8JS United Kingdom

+44 845 226 [email protected]

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Lao Women’s Union

> Activities that strengthen Lao Women

Lao Women MuseumPhonthan Road, Ban Saphanthongkang,

Vientiane, Tel: (856-21) 951217 / 215432

Lao Women’s Union Museum collects various valuable items and artifacts from historic era to explain the Lao women movement. It also exhibits pictures,

lifestyle and heritage on culture.

Counselling and Protection Centre for Women and Children

Nathom Road, Ban Nonsengchanh, Vientiane, Tel: 856-21-771302

This Centre provides women and children who are victims of domestic violence, human trafficking and sexual exploitation with free legal, psychological and health counselling.

The “Art of Silk” exhibition roomManthatourath Rd, Ban Xieng YeunVientiane, Tel: 856-21-214300

Features a variety of traditional silk pieces created by skillful weavers from different provinces.Open Monday-Friday AM 8:00 – 12:00, PM 1:00 – 4:00

Gender Resource Information and Development Centre (GRID)

Phonthan Road, Ban Saphanthongkang, Vientiane, Tel: (856-21) 416343 / 413228

Website: www.grid-lwu.org.la

Welcome all visitors who need information on Gender at GRID Library.Open Monday-Friday AM 8:00 – 12:00, PM 1:00 – 4:00

Vocational Training Centre for WomenPhonthan Road, Ban Saphanthongkang

Vientiane, Tel: (856-21) 412078 / 412079

This centre provides training on the government policy as well as vocational training: Tailoring, Hair Dressing, Cooking and Hospitality, Weaving and Natural dying.

Lao Women’s Union TourManthatourath Rd, Ban Xieng YeunVientiane, Tel: (856-21) 243392

Website:www.laowomentour.com

As a local Tour Operator, we offer a range of socially responsible tours, from sightseeing to adventure.

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Wildlife exctinction: It may not be too late

> It depends on you

Why don’t you see wildlife in Laos?

Did you know that Laos has a rich diversity of wildlife? There are over 100 different species of large mammals, 700 species of birds and 170 species of reptiles and amphibians. These even include big charismatic animals like tigers, leopards, bears, elephants, hornbills, pheasants, and pythons.

If there are so many different kinds of wildlife in Laos and you have not seen many, you may wonder:

“Why?”The reason that you see very little wildlife in Laos is that almost all types of wild animals are hunted and traded for sale in markets and restaurants or exported to use as

food, medicine or pets.Lao law says that buying and selling wildlife is illegal. Wildlife trade is a serious problem for two main reasons: • First, the abundance of wild animals in the country is declining and many species are in danger of disappearing.• Secondly, wild meat is an important source of protein for villagers in rural Laos that live a subsistence lifestyle. To address these needs, the national Wildlife Law describes what and how animals can be hunted for subsistence consumption by rural villagers.If you buy wildlife in the Laos, you are both contributing to the decline of wild animals and to the poverty and food insecurity of rural people.

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Tiger Asian Elephant

Asiatic Black BearPygmy Loris

Copyright LNTA ©

The National Wildlife Law divides wild animals into two major groups, ‘protected species (P)’ and ‘managed species (M)’. It is illegal to hunt protected species (like elephants, tigers and bears) that are naturally rare. Managed species (like pigs and deer) reproduce more frequently and can be harvested by rural villages for subsistence following guidelines set by the government. The law says that

What can you do to stop illegal wildlife trade?

• First, be aware that if you buy wildlife products, you are encouraging vendors and hunters to continue this illegal activity and to take food away from local communities. In restaurants, you may see wild deer or boar (pig) on the menu. In markets, you may see wild animals (birds, lizards, monkeys), parts (bones, teeth, horns) or meat for sale. These are illegally harvested from the wild and purchasing them is is contributing to the further decline of these wildlife.• Second, if you are visiting a National Protected Area (National Park) in Laos, please pay the entry fee and also consider a further donation to the protected area to support enforcement activities in the park. The parks need your financial support to hire and maintain enforcement officers that can protect the wildlife from illegal hunting for trade.• Third, ask your tour guides about the wildlife in Laos and let them know if you would like to see animals in the wild. In most parts of the country, this is still very difficult but it is important that guides know of your interest and can encourage local communities to protect wildlife for this reason.

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all trade of wildlife is illegal.

This means that it is illegal to sell and buy wildlife in markets and restaurants in Laos. If you illegally buy wildlife, you are contributing to the extinction of wild animals in Lao and are contributing to poverty of rural communities that depend on managed species for their subsistence.

Great Hornbill

Great Hornbill casques

T.D

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WCS ©

‘Protected’ or ‘managed’?Leopard (P) Bear Macaque (M) Sambar (P)Clouded Leopard (P)

Nam Kading NPA/WCSNam Et-Phou Louey NPA/WCS

Must read Must seeWant to learn more?

Please visit: www.wcs.org/laos

Tigers in Red WeatherPadel, R. (2005) - A travel novel by the great great granddaugther of Charles Darwin

Wildlife in Lao PDR: 1999Status Report www.wcs.org/globalconservation/Asia/laos/wildlifeinlaopdr

Laos, Wonderland(2005) - Harald PokieserAbout Laos natural wonders

Are there still tigersin Laos?

Yes! But… because of the wildlife trade, there may

be less than 50 individuals remaining. Tigers are

trapped and shot because their bones and organs are

valued for traditional Chinese medicine.

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What can you do to support poverty eradication and wildlife conservation in Laos?

Please follow the law: do not buy or eat wildlife!

If you have questions or comments about wildlife in Laos, we will welcome your email at:

[email protected] questions or comments about wildlife trade in Laos, you can contact the Department of Forest Inspection (DOFI):

020 - 5611395

How do scientists count tigers?

The photographs above were taken by automated “camera traps” that are used by scientists to monitor change in animal abundance in the wild. To count tigers, scientists identify different individuals by comparing stripe patterns as the pattern is unique for each individual tiger. It took scientists several years to capture these animals on film. The research reveals that wildlife in Laos is now rapidly declining due to over hunting and illegal trade.More pictures at: http://programs.wcs.org/laoswildlifephotoexhibition

Field GuidesField guide to the birds of Lao PDR(2003) - Birdlife International & WCS

Field guide to the large mammals of Lao PDR (2008) - WWF


Not only living things can be endangered

> Stones can too

What is the Plain of Jars ?One of the most fascinating archaeological sites ever! Cluster of megalithic stone jars placed into the landscape are expressions of a burial tradition of peoples long disappeared. To date 58 jar sites have been recorded and a further 30 sites are known within the province of Xieng Khouang. Who where these Plain of Jars’ people and what was the basis for their civilization are questions which archaeologists have not even begun to answer.

How can stones be endangered ?This mysterious megalithic site has long been neglected and a lack of understanding of the significance of the Plain of Jars has resulted in the reuse and destruction of the stone material, jars and even the

sites themselves.

How could stones be protected ?Assisted by UNESCO, the site is applying for the World Heritage status. As part of this much has been done to promulgate the importance of this heritage site to communities, local government and visitors. World Heritage status will also result in an increase of visitors which will generate much needed economic benefits to the region.

Increase of visitors: A good or bad news?Well, it depends on you! Tourism if put into service of preserving heritage and traditional cultural values will empower villagers and give pride and meaning to the region’s cultural history.

What can I do to preserve the jars?It is important for the visitor to understand that the jars are testimonies and monumental expressions of a long forgotten civilisation’s funerary rites. Sustainable use of the sites is only possible if visitors respect the place, refrain from littering, damaging and climbing of the jars.

Is it safe ?The intense bombardment of Xieng Khouang (1964-1974) and the ongoing presence of unexploded ordnance (UXO) have not only prevented archaeological research, but present a real threat to domestic and international visitors. In response in 2004 UNESCO

developed in partnership with Mines Advisory Group (MAG) a methodology to clear jar sites of

UXO. At seven sites walking trails and an area around the jars to enable archaeological research have since been subsurface cleared. The UXO cleared areas have been marked with red and white square markers. The

space between the white markers indicates the safe area.

January 2008, site 1:85 out of 331 jars were reported to have been deliberatly broken

Only 7 of the 88 jars sites are free of bombs

www.unescobkk.org/culture/pdj

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More than 80 million unexploded rusty bombs and ammuniton

> Many more dangerous today than when they first fell

When the bombs fellBetween 1964 and 1973, the United States Air force dropped more than 2 million tons of bombs on Laos, more than the combined total of all US bombing in Europe during World War II. This equates to one bombing mission every 8 minutes, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for 9 years, making Laos, per capita, the most heavily bombed nation in the world. In the west the public knew nothing about it: This was the Secret War.

The bombs... which bombs?Many of the bombs dropped over Laos were cluster bombs. Cluster bombs are air-dropped munitions that eject a number of smaller sub-munitions over a wide area, often covering hundreds of meters. In Laos these smaller bombs are known as bombies.

Most bombies are designed to explode when they hit the ground, so that their deadly effect is felt at the time of delivery. However, large numbers of the bombies dropped in Laos failed to explode upon impact, leaving behind lethal remnants of a war that ended over 30 years ago. Bombies and other unexploded ordnance (UXO) continue to kill and injure the people of Laos today as they go about their everyday activities.

UXO Contamination TodayAlthough the war left 14 of the country’s 17 provinces affected by UXO, much of the contamination is concentrated in 2 areas:• Xieng Khouang, an area of

A t r a g e d y i n 4 a c t s

Up to 80 million bombies failed to detonate but can still explode

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Contaminated land hinders farming and perpetuates poverty

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Poor families search for UXO to trade as scrap metal

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Intensive aerial bombing for 9 years

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strategic military importance during the war, but now famous for the Plain of Jars.• Along the Ho Chi Minh trail, which was the wartime supply route between north and south Vietnam.UXO remain hidden in villages, rice fields, hillsides, and along rivers, roads and paths. Although the Government of Laos, in partnership with international organizations, is working to clear the land of UXO, many areas are still contaminated.

Stay Safe when Visiting Laos

The “Secret War” and the legacy of UXO are part of the history that visitors can learn about when visiting Laos. However, UXO are dangerous and visitors need to act responsibly to ensure their own safety and that of others.

Many guesthouses display UXO to

attract tourists. However, not all these UXO will be safe! Villagers may have risked their lives to find and sell the UXO to the guesthouses and tourism companies. The only people who really know if a UXO is safe are the professionals who are trained to clear the UXO.

Remember these guidelines to stay safe:• If you see UXO displayed in guesthouses or tourism companies do not touch them - they may not be safe.• Do not buy UXO as a souvenir, even if you are told it is safe. Buying UXO is illegal in Laos and encourages people to take risks.• When in the countryside do not enter areas that are being cleared by a UXO Organization. Keep out of areas that are marked as dangerous.• People that you meet may want to show you UXO. Say no and stay safe.

How can I know if a “bombie“ is safe?

Usually bombies failed to explode because their fuses did not fully activate.They may just need a small movement to complete that process and then explode. Bombies may explode if moved, struck or exposed to a fire.You cannot tell by looking at them if they are safe. Consider all bombies to be

dangerous!

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Copyright Sean Sutton/MAG ©

What to do if you find a UXO

If during your travels in Laos you find a UXO or a suspicious object you think might be a UXO, remember the following steps:• Do not touch it!• If you can, make a mark that will help the professional organizations to find the UXO. Maybe tie some cloth to a nearby bush or tree, make a pile of stones or place two large sticks in a cross infront of the UXO.• If you have a camera, take a picture. You can show the picture to the UXO Organization to help

them identify the UXO.• Note the location of the UXO as clearly as possible – village, district and province• Report the UXO to any of the following:

• The UXO Organizations working in Laos, which include UXO Lao, MAG, Handicap International Belgium and FSD.• The National Regulatory Authority (NRA) in Vientiane. Telephone: 021 244 220 / 021 244 218Email: [email protected]

Want to find out about the Secret War?

Please visit: www.nra.gov.la

If you want to find out about UXO and the history of the war in Laos, visit the following museums and visitor centres where the displays have been made safe by professionals:

The COPE Visitor Centre (p.16)

The Lao People’s Army History Museum, Vientiane. Kaisone Phomvihane Road, Nongsangthong Village, Tuesday-Sunday, 8.30am-4.30pm.

Foreigners 5000 kip, Lao nationals 2000 kip.

MAG Visitor Centres:• Vientiane, Mekong River Front (near Beau Rivage Hotel and Spirit House Bar).Monday-Friday 8am-12pm, 1pm-4pm. Free entry.

• Phonsavanh, Xieng Kouang Province, Main Street.Monday-Friday 8am-8pm, Saturday and Sunday 4pm-8pm.

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Take a look into our world

> Open up someone else’s

COPE’s aim is to help people like Pongsavath to get back to a independant life

In february 2008, three young boys were walking home from school and they came across a small round, rusted object. Curious, Pongsavath examined it closely and tried to separate what appeared to be two halves. That is the last that he remembers of that day.

His friends carried him home and he was rushed to the local hospital. His life was saved but Pongsavath lost both of his arms and his eyesight. He described the darkness that he saw as his future.

In September 2008, Pongsavath came to the COPE clinic at the National Rehabilitation Center, where he received two new arms. He learnt quickly how to operate his new limbs and was soon able to feed himself. Hopefully the first step towards a full and independent life.

Luckily Pongsavath’s familly knew that COPE could fund the treatment and devices he needed. For many people this is not the case.

Creating a resource for the community and raising awareness is the goal of COPE visitor centre.

Come, see, watch, hear, learn, try, enjoy... be inspired!

50% of COPE prosthetic

patients are UXO victims

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What can you experience at the COPE visitor centre?

COPE is a local project which has been supporting rehabilitation services in Laos for the last 11 years.

COPE is training local staff in the manufacture of prostheses (artificial limbs), orthoses and other mobilty devices as well as upgrading facilities and infrastructure. COPE also supports the costs of the service for people with disabilities who are unable to pay - whatever the cause of disability.

The visitor centre is located at the National Rehabilitation Centre in Vientiane and offers a glimpse at the work of over 100 local rehabilitation staff at the 5 centres that COPE supports throughout Laos.

The exhibition also contains the stories of local people that have been affected by UXO, their personal perspectives of their history and their futures. Disabilty issues in a developing country, challenges and solutions are all contained here.All this is illustrated and dispalyed in an educative, creative and interactive way also suitable for children.

You can...• Watch a range of documentaries in our themed viewing room• Learn about UXO in a safe and accessable environment• Find out how artificial limbs are made by skilled local staff• Hear stories from a local perspective • Explore a local style house in a UXO affected area• Understand how the scrap metal industry is linked • Investigate our resource area• Meet the COPE team and find out more about the aims of the project• Finally, take a rest in our garden cafe

All proceeds from the visitor centre go to support the activities of the COPE project and help to build a service that will be there for the long term.

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COPE Visitor center

Please visit: www.copelaos.org

What can you do to support?

Take some of our leaflets with you on your journey to help us spread the word!

If you do see someone who is in need try to get the name of the person, name of the village and if possible a telephone number from someone in or near the village

Please never organize a repatriation by yourself. Contact our team with the details and we will offer advice about what is available. Above all, tell people about us and if you are interested in disability issues in Laos please get in touch!

Open everyday9am-6pm

WATCHREAD

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G E T I N S P I R E D

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Why do we work in Pro-poor Sustainable Tourism in Laos?Tourism has high potential for human development in Laos because of its employment and income creation potential, particularly for women and families in rural areas. The industry has seen impressive growth in the last decade and projections for future growth are high.

We work closely with the Lao National Tourism Authority, Provincial Tourism Departments in Houaphanh, Luang Prabang, Khammouane and Savannakhet, and other relevant government organisations to strengthen their capacity in pro-poor sustainable tourism development and management.

We also provide advisory services to the private sector, including the Lao Association of Travel Agents and the Lao Hotel and Restaurant Association.

An example of our workHouaphanh is a relatively poor and remote province in the northeast of Laos which is home to many ethnic minority groups. SNV was requested by the Lao Government to support the Provincial Tourism Department in pro-poor sustainable tourism development.The goal is to spread the benefits of tourism across the province and increase income and employment for poor people in the area.

The province has recorded significant growth in arrivals since 2005 with consequent increases in revenue, and knock-on effects for poor people in the province.

What can you do to help?Spend some time (and money!)

at a few less well known tourism destinations in Laos

Eat healthy Lao food made with locally-sourced ingredients.

Purchase beautiful new Lao handicrafts.

Take an excursion with a socially responsible tour operator, ideally one that includes overnight stays in local villages.

Respect local cultures and traditions at all times.

Protect the natural environment by not eating or purchasing endangered flora and fauna.

What is SNV Netherlands Development Organisation?

SNV is a Netherlands-based international development organisation working in 33 countries. We aim to achieve development results in two areas:

1. Reducing extreme poverty by increasing employment and income opportunities in Pro-Poor Sustainable Tourism, Small-Holder Cash Crops, and Forest Products;2. Improving the coverage and quality of basic services in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, and Renewable Energy.

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Bart V

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Bart V

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Bart V

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Lao Airlines proudly supports Socially Responsible Tourism in Laos

Khonkean

Vientiane

Cambodia

Vietnam

China

Myanmar

Luangprabang

Savannakhet

Pakse

Danang

Phongsaly

Luangnamtha

Oudomxay

Houeisay Samneua

Sayaboury

Xiengkhoang

Kunming

Jinghong

Thakhilek

Chiangmai

Bangkok

Siemreap

Phnompenh

HanoiDienbiephu

Udonthani

Thailand

Laos

VIENTIANETel : (856–21) 212051-54 Tel : (856-21) 512028 (International Airport)Tel : (856-21) 512 000, 512 004 (Domestic Airport)

LUANGPRABANGTel : (856-71) 212172 Tel : (856-71) 212173 (Airport)

LUANGNAMTHATel : (856-86) 212072Tel : (856-86) 312180, 312053 (Airport)

OUDOMXAYTel : (856- 81) 312047, 312146

XIENGKHUANG Tel : (856–61) 312027 Tel : (856-61) 312177 ( Airport )

HOUEISAYTel : (856–84) 211026, Tel : (856–84) 211494 ( Airport )

PAKSE Tel : (856–31) 212252 Tel : (856–31) 251460 ( Airport )

SAVANNAKHETTel (856-41) 212140

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BANGKOK Town OfficeTel: ( 66-2 ) 236 9822, 2369823Email : [email protected] officeTel. (662) 134 2006 to 2008

CHIANGMAI ( THAILAND )Tel : ( 66-53 ) 223 401 Email : [email protected]

UDONTHANITel : ( 66-42 ) 931 559 Email : [email protected]

HANOI ( VIETNAM )Tel : 84-4 942 5362 Email : [email protected]

PHNOMPENH ( CAMBODIA )Tel : (855-23 ) 222956 Email : [email protected]

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TIC

SIEM REAP ( CAMBODIA )Tel : ( 855-63 ) 963 283, 963169Email : [email protected]

KUNMING ( CHINA )Tel : +86 871 3163000 ext 5166E-mail : [email protected]

responsible tourism in laos (english)

Documents

lao womens union chairperson

ethnic diversity of

beautiful country

government of lao pdr

national culture

empowerment of women

interests of women

education of women