REST OF THE COMPUTERBEFORE THE INTERNET

Understand Your Computer Bit

Binary digit 0 or 1

Byte 8 bits

Unique combinations of 8 bits of 0s and 1s

Bits and Bytes

KB – 1 page of plain text MB – 4 books GB 4,200 books TB – 4.6 million books

Hardware/Software Hardware is any part of the computer you

can touch Software

Application Software Operating System

Windows 8: MICROSOFT OS X: APPLE iOS7: APPLE (IPHONES TABLETS) Android: GOOGLE Linux: Open Source

Files

Types of Computer Tablet, Laptop, Netbooks, Ultrabooks, PC,

Desktop, All in one computer, Smartphone

Mainframe – large, expensive computer that supports many users simultaneously.

Supercomputer is a specially designed computer that performs complex calculations.

Input Devices /Output Devices Enter data and instructions

Keyboards, mouse, scanner, digital camera, microphone, game controllers

Send data out of the computer Text, pictures, sound, video, monitors,

printers, speakers, earphones.

Memory on the Motherbood Motherboard (sound card &

video card & NIC (network interface card)

CPU (Central Processing unit) or processor “Brains” of the computer Controls all the function of

the computer’s components Processes all commands and

instructions Billions of tasks per second

CPU Performance CPU Processor speed measured in hertz

(HZ) or gigahertz (GHZ) – Hertz is a measurement of machine cycles per second.

3.8 GHz processor performs work at a rate of 3.8 billion machine cycles per second.

Memory RAM Random Access Memory

Stores instructions and data Memory cards or modules Temporary (volatile storage) – is

erased when turned off ROM Read Only Memory

Stores startup instructions Permanent (nonvolatile) storage – isn’t

erased when power turned off

Other Storage External hard drive – outside connected with

USB Solid State Drive (SSD)

No moving parts, more efficient, little heat, no noise, requires little power, less likely to fail.

Add more storage in the computer called drive bays.

CD/DVD /BDs Flash Drives (wireless) Cloud Storage (see next)

Drop Box (Cloud Storage) & More

Ports Port is a place through which a peripheral device

attaches to the computer so that data can be exchanged between it and the operating system.

USB (universal serial bus) 3.0 – higher transfer speeds

Ethernet port to connect your computer to a cable modem or a network

Audio ports Video Ports Video Graphics (VGA) and Digital Video Interface

(DVI) port are two ports

LCD Screen LCD: Made up of pixels, 2 or more sheets

of material, liquid crystal solution, crystals block or let light through Aspect Ratio Resolution Contrast Ratio Viewing Angle Brightness Response Time

Look For Aspect Ratio = 4:3 or 16:9 (HDTV) Screen Resolution = Highest resolution

monitor is capable of displaying that large of image (make sure you are comfortable viewing that size)

Contrast Ration = 400:1 and 1,000:1 Viewing angle = 150 degrees or more Brightness = 300 cd/m2 or great Response time = Seek lowest possible

response time

Monitors 27 – Inch Monitor

2560 X 1440 pixels 21.5 – Inch Monitor

1680X1050 pixels Blu-ray movies

Require at least 1920X1080 pixels

Future Monitors

Printers Ink Jet –

Affordable, High Quality Color, Quick and Quiet

Laser Faster printing speed, Higher Quality, More

Expensive Nonimpact printers sprays ink or uses laser beams to transfer marks

onto the paper 1200 dpi – general purpose

4800 dpi – photos

Wireless Printers Wireless Printers

No Wires Print to same printer from different places Wifi or BlueTooth (Range 300 feet – Wifi

faster) Print from portable devices (I phone has

AirPrint)

3D Printers Is any various process for making a three

dimensional object of almost any shape.

Organs

Guns Food

Instruments Limbs

Selecting a Printer Primary Printing Need First

Speed (pages per minute) Resolution (dots per inch) Color output – printers with separate

cartridges for each color produce the best quality

Cost of consumables – how printer cartridges and paper

In Class Assignment Buying a Computer