restoration of mangroves at balandra lagoon
DESCRIPTION
Restoration of mangroves at Balandra Lagoon. 2006. One of the two lagoons of Balandra. La Paz - 25 Km. MANGROVE FOREST. The second lagoon at Balandra. Mostly covered with mangrove forest. Part of the deforested area in 1994 (Clearcut, possibly in 1990-1991). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Restoration of mangroves at Restoration of mangroves at Balandra LagoonBalandra Lagoon
2006
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One of the two lagoons of BalandraOne of the two lagoons of Balandra
MANGROVE FORESTMANGROVE FOREST
La Paz - 25 KmLa Paz - 25 Km
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The second lagoon at BalandraThe second lagoon at Balandra
Mostly covered with mangrove forestMostly covered with mangrove forest
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Part of the deforested area in 1994Part of the deforested area in 1994(Clearcut, possibly in 1990-1991)(Clearcut, possibly in 1990-1991)
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Part of the deforested area in 1994Part of the deforested area in 1994(Clearcut, possibly in 1990-1991)(Clearcut, possibly in 1990-1991)
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The deforested area did not The deforested area did not regenerate itself for several yearsregenerate itself for several years
The solution:The solution:
Reforestation by nursery-reared trees Reforestation by nursery-reared trees planted in strategic places in the right planted in strategic places in the right
habitathabitat
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Native propagules Native propagules (propagation units)(propagation units) of black of black mangrove as a source for the nurserymangrove as a source for the nursery
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AERIAL ROOTS OF BLACK MANGROVES -- AERIAL ROOTS OF BLACK MANGROVES -- WHERE THE MICROBIAL ACTIVITY IS INTENSEWHERE THE MICROBIAL ACTIVITY IS INTENSE
LAGOONLAGOON
MUDUndergrouUndergrou
ndnd
sectionsectionToledo et al. 1995. Toledo et al. 1995. Cyanobacteria and black mangroves Cyanobacteria and black mangroves in Northwestern Mexico: colonization, and diurnal and seasonal in Northwestern Mexico: colonization, and diurnal and seasonal nitrogen fixation on aerial roots. nitrogen fixation on aerial roots.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41: 999-1011Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41: 999-1011
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COLONIZATION (biofilm) OF THE SURFACE OF COLONIZATION (biofilm) OF THE SURFACE OF THE AERIAL ROOT OF BLACK MANGROVETHE AERIAL ROOT OF BLACK MANGROVE
Toledo et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 1995Toledo et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 1995
Anabaen
Anabaen
aa
Filamentous Filamentous CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria
bacteriabacteria
1 1 COMPLETELY HIDDEN ROOT SURFACECOMPLETELY HIDDEN ROOT SURFACE
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COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) WITH COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) WITH THE CYANOBACTERIATHE CYANOBACTERIA Microcoleus Microcoleus sp. sp.
BOTTOM OF ERLENMEYER FLASKBOTTOM OF ERLENMEYER FLASK
ROOTSROOTS
CYANOBACTERIA CYANOBACTERIA COLONIESCOLONIES
Toledo et al. Toledo et al. 1995. In vitro colonization and increase in 1995. In vitro colonization and increase in nitrogen fixation of seedling roots of black mangrove inoculated nitrogen fixation of seedling roots of black mangrove inoculated by a filamentous cyanobacteria. by a filamentous cyanobacteria. Canadian Journal of MicrobiologyCanadian Journal of Microbiology 41:41:1012-10201012-1020
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COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) BY THE COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) BY THE CYANOBACTERIACYANOBACTERIA Microcoleus Microcoleus sp. sp.
Toledo et al. 1995. In vitro colonization and increase in nitrogen fixation of seedling roots of black mangrove Toledo et al. 1995. In vitro colonization and increase in nitrogen fixation of seedling roots of black mangrove inoculated by a filamentous cyanobacteria. inoculated by a filamentous cyanobacteria. Canadian Journal of MicrobiologyCanadian Journal of Microbiology 41:41:1012-10201012-1020
Root surfaceRoot surface
100 100
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COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) BY THE COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE ROOTS (in vitro) BY THE CYANOBACTERIACYANOBACTERIA Microcoleus Microcoleus sp. sp.
Root surfaceRoot surface
Toledo et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 1995Toledo et al. Can. J. Microbiol. 1995
10
10
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Nursery-reared black mangroveNursery-reared black mangrove
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Measuring the current in the Measuring the current in the reforested areareforested area
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Strategic site was found, a shallow Strategic site was found, a shallow channel drained both deforested areaschannel drained both deforested areas
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Inner lagoonInner lagoon
Exit of channel fromExit of channel fromreforested sitereforested site
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The reforested site is The reforested site is located in the main located in the main drainage channel in drainage channel in the two deforested the two deforested areas.areas.
Once the trees grow, Once the trees grow, we hope that their we hope that their foliage, submerged in foliage, submerged in the water at high tide, the water at high tide, will trap floating will trap floating propagules and allow propagules and allow more trees to grow in more trees to grow in the area.the area.
Reforested areaReforested area
Sand duneSand dune
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Reforestation at low tideReforestation at low tide
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Reforesting the strategic areaReforesting the strategic area
The site was “protected” from beach visitors by a deep trench filled with soft silt
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At plantingAt planting
One day later. Passing the first tides under field conditions
One day later. Passing the first tides under field conditions
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One year laterOne year later
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Two years laterTwo years later
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Four and more years laterFour and more years later
The reforested area accumulated organic debris and trapped floating propagules
This allows establishment of floating propagules in the area
Consequently, the reforested area gained many more new trees than we planted
The reforested area accumulated organic debris and trapped floating propagules
This allows establishment of floating propagules in the area
Consequently, the reforested area gained many more new trees than we planted
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In 1995, general view of one deforested areaIn 1995, general view of one deforested area
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In 2006, general view of reforested areaIn 2006, general view of reforested area
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Ground view of deforested area in 1995Ground view of deforested area in 1995
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Ground view of reforested area in 2006Ground view of reforested area in 2006
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General view of the second deforested areas in 1995
General view of the second deforested areas in 1995
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In 2006, general view of the same area after reforestation
In 2006, general view of the same area after reforestation
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Wildlife returns to the reforested areas
Wildlife returns to the reforested areas
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Wildlife returns to the reforested areas: fish, the major economic contribution of mangroves
Wildlife returns to the reforested areas: fish, the major economic contribution of mangroves
Juvenile fish
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Fully reforested areas are returned to public recreation activities
Fully reforested areas are returned to public recreation activities
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Photographed by: Photographed by: Yoav Yoav BashanBashan
Presentation by:Presentation by:
Juan Pablo HernandezJuan Pablo Hernandez