Results of the Civil WarCh. 12 IntroductionRinks

Destruction and Reconstruction (pages 386–389)A. Union troops had devastated most Southern cities

and the South’s economyB. President/Congress had to deal with Reconstruction-

>rebuilding the South after the Civil War had to decide under what terms and conditions the former

Confederate states would rejoin the Union

Federal Government over State Government C. The nature of the Union is firmly

decided– United first, States second. 1. Federal system solidly entrenched. 2. Dominance of the federal gov’t over

states is assured. 3. Further centralization of gov’t

Slavery D. Slavery is

abolished 1. 13th Amendment

barely passes. 2. Question now is how

blacks will contribute to society as freedmen.

3. Great debate between radical Republicans and moderate republicans on how to deal with blacks.

Industry

E. Industrial dominance is guaranteed (nationwide) 1. Tremendous expansion of Northern

industry during the war. 2. Industrialism in the North helps

Southern agriculture, and even spreads South.

3. Industrial leaders gain significant political clout during Civil War.

Politics F. Political (Republican) dominance by the North is

guaranteed. 1. Between 1860 and 1932 only two Democratic presidents

elected. . ▪ A. Gained a reputation as ‘savior of the Union’, enough to dominate

elections.

Economic Development

G. Economic development in the South is placed in the hands of the North. 1. Necessary capital needed for

Reconstruction could only come from the North.

2. North could decide how the South would contribute economically. ▪ A. More industry in South, but they would

process raw materials, while the North created developed goods. ▪ Different or same as before?

Westward Expansion

H. Westward expansion is encouraged 1. Homestead Act of 1862 – Provide

160 acres free for families who agree to improve land within 5 years. ▪ A. Had to pay $5, erect a 12 X 14 dwelling. ▪ B. Problem: 160 acres not enough for that

type of farming. ▪ C. Difficult life of the plains: Lack of water,

shelter, locust plagues.

Westward Expansion

2. Morill Act- 30,000 acres per congressman. State universities

develop- NC State, Ohio State, etc…

3. Transcontinental Railroad began, completed in 1869.

Presidential Powers

I. Presidential power is increased. Lincoln arguably

abuses his powers during a time of national crisis. ▪ Emancipation Proc.▪ Suspension of habeas

corpus▪ Militia Act

North v. South J. Bitterness and

distrust between North and South. Friends, relatives, die at

the hands of fellow countrymen.

Financial crisis for those who relied on slavery, will blame Northern Republicans for their newfound poverty.

Assignment Make a chart in your notes like this one,

explaining how you would solves these reconstruction crises…

Issue SolutionEmancipation of 4 million slavesDestruction of Southern buildings, farms , railways, etc.Malice between North and SouthUneven political power between North and South?