review earth systems they are all connected…
TRANSCRIPT
Earth SystemsThe __________???
_________is composed of all of the
water on or near the earth. This includes the oceans, rivers, lakes, and even the moisture in the air. Ninety-
seven percent of the earth's water is in the oceans. The remaining three percent is fresh
water; three-quarters of the fresh water is solid and
exists in ice sheets
http://serc.carleton.edu
Mt. Saint Helen’s…an active volcano in Washington state. It is most notorious for its catastrophic eruption on May 18,
1980. Fifty-seven people were killed during the eruption.
A massive landslide triggered by an earthquake measuring 5.1 on
the Richter scale caused an eruption that reduced the
elevation of the mountain's summit from (2,950 m) to
(2,550 m), replacing it with a 1 mile (1.6 km) wide horseshoe-
shaped crater.What was the interaction
between the geosphere and biosphere in this event?
http://en.wikipedia.org
Mt. Saint Helen’sThe volcano released a large amount of dust
and ash into the atmosphere. These
particles serve as nuclei for the formation of
rain drops. ? -> atmosphere -> ?What systems were
interacting?
http://en.wikipedia.org
Mt. Saint Helen’sRainfall often increases following an eruption,
stimulating plant growth
What systems are interacting?
http://en.wikipedia.org
Mt. Saint Helen’sVolcanoes may release a substantial amount of hot lava, which causes mountain glaciers to
melt.
What systems are interacting? http://en.wikipedia.org
Mt. Saint Helen’sMudflows and flooding may occur downstream
from volcanoes and may inundate
streamside communities.
What systems were interacting? http://en.wikipedia.org
Earth SystemsThe ________???
_________is the solid, rocky crust covering entire planet. This crust is inorganic and is composed of
minerals. It covers the entire surface of the earth from the top of Mount Everest to the
bottom of the Mariana Trench.
http://serc.carleton.edu
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
… occurred in Prince William Sound, Alaska, on March 24, 1989 when the ship ran aground spilling hundreds
of thousands of barrels of crude oil in Alaska.
Immediate effects included the deaths of seabirds, sea otters,
12 river otters, harbor seals, Bald Eagles, and orcas,. The effects of the
spill continued to be felt for many years afterwards. As of 2010 there
were an estimated 23,000 US gallons of Valdez crude oil still in Alaska's
sand and soil.
What interactions occurred between this event and Earth
systems?
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Chernobyl … was a catastrophic nuclear
accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 in Ukraine. An explosion and fire
released large quantities of radioactive particles into the atmosphere, which
spread over much of the western USSR and Europe.
Contamination from the Chernobyl accident was scattered irregularly
depending on weather conditions, much of it deposited on mountainous regions such as the Alps, the Welsh mountains
and the Scottish Highlands where radioactive rainfall occurred.
What Earth system interaction played a large part in the movement of the
contamination?
http://www.npr.org
Earth SystemsThe _______???________
is composed of all living organisms. Plants,
animals, and one-celled organisms are all part of
the biosphere. Most of the planet's life is found from three meters below the ground to thirty meters above it and in the top
200 meters of the oceans and seas.
http://serc.carleton.edu
Earthquake in HaitiThe 2010 Haiti earthquake was
a catastrophic magnitude 7.0 M earthquake. The earthquake destroyed many poorly
constructed buildings, causing high levels of debris to end up in the waterways.
Also, earthquakes heavily effect forestation and open closed fault lines, further
contributing to the soil erosion problems which the country already has trouble dealing
with. The sudden rise in debris, soil erosion issues, and opening fault lines affect the
amount of land that fertile enough to grow a sustainable amount of food.
Describe a Geosphere <--> Hydrosphere interaction in this event.
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Earth SystemsDescribe an interaction
between two Earth systems
in this photograph. http://commons.wikimedia.org
Hurricane Sandy…the deadliest and most destructive hurricane of
the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season.Sandy developed from a storm in the Caribbean
Sea on October 22, quickly strengthened, and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Sandy six hours
later. Sandy moved slowly northward toward the Greater Antilles and gradually intensified. On
October 24, Sandy became a hurricane, made landfall near Jamaica, re-emerged a few hours later into the Caribbean Sea and strengthened
into a Category 2 hurricane. On October 25, Sandy hit Cuba as a Category 3 hurricane, then weakened to a Category 1 hurricane. Early on
October 26, Sandy moved through the Bahamas. On October 27, Sandy briefly weakened to a tropical storm and then restrengthened to a
Category 1 hurricane. Early on October 29, Sandy curved north-northwest and then moved ashore
in New Jersey with hurricane-force winds. How might this event have affected the
Geosphere?
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Arizona Haboob
… a type of intense dust storm carried through the
atmosphere. It blows dry, loose silt and clay up from the desert,
creating a wall of sediment .
They occur during thunderstorm formation.
What two systems are interacting during a
haboob?
http://commons.wikimedia.org
San Antonio Floods
Flash floods can occur under several types of conditions. Flash flooding occurs when
rainfalls rapidly on saturated soil or dry soil that does not
absorb water easily.The temporary availability of water is often used by plants with rapid germination and
short growth cycles.
Describe an interaction between this event and the
biosphere.
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Japanese Earthquake
On March 11, 2012 an earthquake hit
northeastern Japan, spawning an incredibly
destructive tsunami and crippled the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power
plant.
Newer buildings have less damage from earthquakes
than older buildings.
What is the independent variable in this statement?
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Texas Chemical Plant Explosion
On Oct. 3, 2011, workers were mixing chemicals to make a product used in the wastewater treatment
industry. Magnablend began working with this product in August 2011 and prior to the fire had made 16 small
batches of 500 gallons each. The day of the fire a large 2,500-gallon batch
of product was made.This large batch produced a greater amount of what was thought to be
steam coming out of the blender and overwhelmed the ventilation system.
Officials said there were definitely contaminants in the air.
What Earth system was impacted by this event?
http://www.nbcdfw.com
Texas Chemical Plant Explosion
On Oct. 3, 2011, workers were mixing chemicals to make a product used in the wastewater treatment industry.
Magnablend began working with this product in August 2011 and prior to
the fire had made 16 small batches of 500 gallons each. The day of the fire a
large 2,500-gallon batch of product was made.
This large batch produced a greater amount of what was thought to be
steam coming out of the blender and overwhelmed the ventilation system.If the amount of chemicals increase,
then the amount of steam will increase.
What is the independent variable in this hypothesis?
http://www.nbcdfw.com
2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami
…an undersea earthquake off the coast of Indonesia. it is the third largest earthquake ever recorded on
a seismograph. It caused the entire planet to vibrate as much as 1 cm and triggered other earthquakes as
far away as Alaska.The sea floor is estimated to have risen by several
meters, displacing an estimated 30 cubic kilometers of water and triggering devastating tsunami waves.
Anthropologists had initially expected the aboriginal population of the Andaman Islands to be badly
affected by the tsunami and even feared the already depopulated Onge tribe could have been wiped
out. Many of the aboriginal tribes evacuated and suffered few casualties. Oral traditions developed from previous earthquakes helped the aboriginal
tribes escape the tsunami. For example, the folklore of the Onges talks of "huge shaking of ground
followed by high wall of water". Almost all of the Onge People seemed to have survived the tsunami.
The Onge People are part of what Earth system?
earthobservatory.nasa.gov
2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami…an undersea earthquake off the coast of Indonesia. It is the third
largest earthquake ever recorded on a seismograph. It caused the entire
planet to vibrate as much as 1 cm and triggered other earthquakes as far
away as Alaska.The sea floor is estimated to have
risen by several meters, displacing an estimated 30 cubic kilometers of
water and triggering devastating tsunami waves.
In these events, the Geosphere impacted which Earth system?
earthobservatory.nasa.gov
2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami
…an undersea earthquake off the coast of Indonesia. It is the third largest
earthquake ever recorded on a seismograph. It caused the entire
planet to vibrate as much as 1 cm and triggered other earthquakes as far away
as Alaska.The sea floor is estimated to have risen
by several meters, displacing an estimated 30 cubic kilometers of water
and triggering devastating tsunami waves.
In these events, an Earth system was impacted by the Geosphere. What
system did the impacted system affect?
earthobservatory.nasa.gov
Earth SystemsThe __________???
_________ is the body of air which surrounds our planet.
Most of our atmosphere is located close to the earth's
surface where it is most dense. The air of our
planet is 79% nitrogen and just under 21% oxygen; the small amount remaining is
composed of carbon dioxide and other gases.
http://serc.carleton.edu
Japanese EarthquakeOn March 11, 2012 an
earthquake hit northeastern Japan, spawning an incredibly
destructive tsunami and crippled the Fukushima
Daiichi nuclear power plant.
Newer buildings have less damage from earthquakes
than older buildings.
What is the dependent variable in this statement?
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Earth SystemsWhat is the
predominant Earth system shown in this photograph?
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Joplin Tornado…a catastrophic EF5 multiple-vortex
tornado that struck Joplin, Missouri, late in the afternoon of Sunday, May 22, 2011. It
was part of a larger late-May tornado outbreak and reached a maximum width of nearly 1.6 km during its path through the
southern part of the city.A tornado is a violently rotating column
of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a thunder cloud.
Damage from tornadoes often goes beyond what is readily visible. Liquid fuels and
chemicals can leak from ruptured containers and contaminate groundwater.
Ruined buildings may contain asbestos. Fires can generate smoke containing soot, dioxins and other pollutants. Household, industrial and medical wastes are strewn
about.
Explain how all four Earth systems can be affected by a tornado.
http://en.wikipedia.org
Albert Pike Flood
In June 2010 Arkansas floods were flash floods that killed at
least 20 people near Langley, Arkansas. The floods were caused by heavy rain
on the evening of June 10 and the early morning of June 11 in the
Ouachita National Forest.A key factor in the Arkansas flash flood was the geography of the campground.
It is surrounded by mountains on either side, so as the rain hit the
mountains, it quickly rushed into the valley below, acting as a funnel and
pooling the water to one area.
How did the Geosphere affect this event?
http://en.wikipedia.org
Earth SystemsWhat is the
predominant Earth System in
this photograph?
http://commons.wikimedia.org
California Wildfires
…an uncontrolled fire in an area of combustible
vegetation. On a yearly basis in the United States, typically more than six times the number of wildfires are caused by human means
such as campfires and controlled agricultural burns
than by natural means.
How does the Biosphere affect this event?
http://en.wikipedia.org
Ice Storm of 1998… caused massive damage to trees and
electrical infrastructure all over the area, leading to widespread long-term power outages. Millions of trees were brought down by the weight of ice around the
affected areas.Ice storms occur when a layer of warm
air is between two layers of cold air. Frozen precipitation melts to rain while falling into the warm air layer, and then
begins to refreeze in the cold layer below
Describe the interaction between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere in this
event.
http://en.wikipedia.org
California Wildfires
…an uncontrolled fire in an area of combustible
vegetation. On a yearly basis in the United States, typically more than six times the number of wildfires are caused by human means
such as campfires and controlled agricultural burns
than by natural means.
How does this event impact the atmosphere?
http://en.wikipedia.org
Earth SystemsThere are at least THREE
Earth Systems shown in this photograph.
Name them.http://commons.wikimedia.org
There are at least TWO Earth Systems shown
in this photograph.
Name them. http://commons.wikimedia.org
Earth Systems
Ice Storm of 1998… caused massive damage to trees and
electrical infrastructure all over the area, leading to widespread long-term power outages. Millions of trees were brought down by the weight of ice around the
affected areas.Ice storms occur when a layer of warm
air is between two layers of cold air. Frozen precipitation melts to rain while falling into the warm air layer, and then
begins to refreeze in the cold layer below
How did this event interact with the biosphere?
http://en.wikipedia.org
Earth SystemsWhat evidence do you see of
interacting systems in this photograph?
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Dustbowl…a period of severe dust
storms the 1930s. The phenomenon was caused by
severe drought combined with poor farming
techniques. Grasses in the American prairie were lost , and there was nothing to hold soil in
place.During the drought of the 1930s, without natural anchors to keep the soil in place, it dried, turned to dust, and blew away with the
prevailing winds.Describe an interaction
between two systems during the dustbowl.
http://commons.wikimedia.org
http://commons.wikimedia.org
Earth SystemsThere are at
least TWO Earth Systems shown
in this photograph.
Name them.