review of matrices or a fast introduction. why study matrices? fundamental tools for linear systems

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Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction

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Page 1: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Review of MatricesOr A Fast Introduction

Page 2: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Why Study Matrices?Fundamental Tools For Linear

Systems

Page 3: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

We’ve known how to find

For different right hand sides

Page 4: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Matrices are all about what happens with different

Matrix

Vector

Page 5: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Matrices are all about what happens with different

Page 6: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Fundamental Definition:Matrix Vector

Multiplication

(Think of it as a system of equations!)Try

it!

Page 7: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Fundamental Definition:Matrix Vector

Multiplication

(Think of it as a system of equations!)Try

it!

Page 8: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Fundamental Definition:Matrix Vector

Multiplication

Notation

First IndexIs Row

Second Index is Column

Rows

Columns

Page 9: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Fundamental Definition:Matrix Vector

Multiplication

Notation

Second ColumnFirst

Row

Page 10: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

Page 11: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

Page 12: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

Page 13: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

Page 14: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

Page 15: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

Page 16: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

In General

Page 17: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

In General

Page 18: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAdditio

n

In General

Page 19: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsScalar

Multiplication

Page 20: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsAddition and Scalar Multiplication Give Subtraction

Without a Vector

Page 21: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsMatrix

Multiplication

Page 22: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsMatrix

Multiplication

Page 23: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsMatrix

Multiplication

Page 24: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsMatrix

Multiplication

Page 25: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsMatrix

Multiplication

Page 26: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsMatrix

Multiplication

Page 27: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrices Come From Systems of Equations

Other Important DefinitionsMatrix

Multiplication

Page 28: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Special MatricesIdentit

y

Zero

Page 29: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrix Algebra RulesA Lot Like Normal Algebra

Rules

Notice:

(Addition Commutes)(Addition Associates)(Multiplication

Associates)(Distribute)

(Scalars Distribute)

(Multiplication

DOES NOTCommute)

Page 30: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Integration and Differentiation

Page 31: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Integration and Differentiation

Page 32: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Matrix InversionMany Matrices Have an

Inverse

Inverse Has Special Properties

For Example:

Page 33: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Inverse FormulaMatrix Inverse For 2

by 2

The Determinant

Inverse Exists If and Only If

Page 34: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Inverse Helps Solve Systems of Equations

Page 35: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Inverse Helps Solve Systems of Equations

Page 36: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Inverse Helps Solve Systems of Equations

Page 37: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Inverse Helps Solve Systems of Equations

Page 38: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Inverse Helps Solve Systems of Equations

Page 39: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Inverse Helps Solve Systems of Equations

Page 40: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Singular MatricesMatrix Inverse For 2

by 2

If the Determinant is 0

The Inverse Does Not Exist!

May Not Have A Solution

Page 41: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Example

Determinant is 0

Impossible!

Page 42: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Really Important Fact

If (and only if) the Determinant is 0

There is a Vector

Where

Page 43: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Example

Page 44: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Three Ways of Saying The Same Thing

(1) The Determinant is 0

(2) The Matrix Has No Inverse (Is Singular)(3) There Is A Vector

Where

Page 45: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Summary

• Matrices Come From Systems Of Equations

• We can do Algebra on Matrices

• Matrices are called “singular” if the determinant is 0. Such matrices have no inverses.

Page 46: Review of Matrices Or A Fast Introduction. Why Study Matrices? Fundamental Tools For Linear Systems

Questions?