Review of the Missouri Review of the Missouri CompromiseCompromise

In 1820, Senator Henry Clay persuaded In 1820, Senator Henry Clay persuaded Congress to approve the Missouri Congress to approve the Missouri Compromise. Compromise.

Its provisions:Its provisions: MaineMaine was admitted as a free state. was admitted as a free state. MissouriMissouri was admitted as a slave state. was admitted as a slave state. The The Louisiana TerritoryLouisiana Territory north of Missouri’s north of Missouri’s

southern border was free of slavery.southern border was free of slavery. Southern slave owners gained the right to Southern slave owners gained the right to

pursue pursue fugitivesfugitives into free regions. into free regions.

Tension between sections of North Tension between sections of North and Southand South

Northerners were not happy because Northerners were not happy because Congress had allowed slavery to Congress had allowed slavery to expand into another state.expand into another state.

Southerners were not happy because Southerners were not happy because Congress gave itself the power to Congress gave itself the power to make laws regarding slavery.make laws regarding slavery.

Chapter 14, Sec. 1Chapter 14, Sec. 1

The Debate over Slavery and The Debate over Slavery and States’ RightsStates’ Rights

The The DebateDebate Over Slavery Over SlaveryIf The Wilmot Proviso PassesIf The Wilmot Proviso Passes

Then slavery will be banned in all Then slavery will be banned in all territory from the Mexican-American territory from the Mexican-American War that becomes part of the United War that becomes part of the United States; slave states will be States; slave states will be outnumbered and weakened.outnumbered and weakened.

Who benefitsWho benefits

If Lewis Cass (Democrat) becomes If Lewis Cass (Democrat) becomes President,President,

Then citizens of each territory or Then citizens of each territory or state will vote for themselves state will vote for themselves whether to be free or slave.whether to be free or slave.

Who benefits? Who benefits?

If Lewis Cass (Democrat) becomes If Lewis Cass (Democrat) becomes President,President,

Then citizens of each territory or Then citizens of each territory or state will vote for themselves state will vote for themselves whether to be free or slave.whether to be free or slave.

Who benefits? Who benefits?

Both

If If Martin Van Buren (Free-Soil) Martin Van Buren (Free-Soil) becomes Presidentbecomes President

Then the Southwest will come Then the Southwest will come in entirely freein entirely free

Who benefitsWho benefits

Zachary Taylor (Whig) becomes Zachary Taylor (Whig) becomes PresidentPresident

Then as a Whig he might favor Then as a Whig he might favor slavery and the South.slavery and the South.

Who benefitsWho benefits

California enters the Union as a California enters the Union as a free statefree state

free states gain a majority in free states gain a majority in Congress, so southerners can’t Congress, so southerners can’t block antislavery lawsblock antislavery laws

Who benefitsWho benefits

Fugitive slave laws are enforcedFugitive slave laws are enforced

Slavery is enforced in the North and Slavery is enforced in the North and the Souththe South

Who benefitsWho benefits

Henry Clay’s proposals are Henry Clay’s proposals are acceptedaccepted

according to Calhoun the South according to Calhoun the South would be exposed to continued would be exposed to continued attacks on slavery and there would attacks on slavery and there would be two ways to preserve the South’s be two ways to preserve the South’s way of life: way of life:

a constitutional amendment to a constitutional amendment to protect states’ rights, or secessionprotect states’ rights, or secession

Who benefitsWho benefits

Slavery remains an unresolved Slavery remains an unresolved issueissue

bitter debate will continue to divide bitter debate will continue to divide the nationthe nation

Who benefitsWho benefits

NorthNorth

SouthSouth

BothBoth

NeitherNeither