Review Powerpoint

Earth in the Universe

Discussion Question

Review Question

The Universe

Age of the Universe

Believed that the Universe is extremely vast and more than 10 billion years old

Could be up to 13.7 billion years

Origin of the

Universe

Started with the Big Bang Most of the earliest atoms were hydrogen and helium Universe kept expanding in all directions and continues

to expand today

What is the Universe?

everything that exists in any placeAll the space, matter, and energy in existence

The Big Bang Theory

• “All matter and energy started out concentrated in a small area and after a gigantic explosion, matter began to organize into subatomic particles and atoms”

• Radiation from the Big Bang mixes with energy given off by stars throughout the universe. – Cosmic Background Radiation: Long wave background

radiation (microwaves) that appears to come from all directions in the Universe Discuss the Origin of the Universe

Video

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

What is the Electromagnetic Spectrum?

Is there any event in nature that allows you to view the entire

spectrum?

The Electromagnetic Energy

• Various types of waves that transfer energy throughout space• Measured using the Electromagnetic Spectrum

– Scientists infer which elements are in an object based on the electromagnetic energy emitted

– Based on composition of signature wavelength produced

• Doppler Effect: Shifting of wavelengths– Relative movement between Earth and the other celestial objects

cause the Doppler Effect

Video

How are you able to tell if an emergency vehicle is approaching?

The Doppler Effect

Red Shift Blue Shift

•“Longer” end of the spectrum• Indicates that objects are moving apart•Most, if not all, stars in the galaxy are shifted to the red end of the spectrum (evidence that universe is expanding) - Rate that universe is expanding is increasing

• “Shorter” end of the spectrum• Indicates that objects are moving apart

Animation 1

What color wavelength would a nearby galaxy emit?

What is the approximate value of that wavelength?