Genetics and Heredity

Genetics and Heredity

Name: ___________________________________Mendel and Simple Inheritance1. If an organism is said to be a hybrid, that means they are?

A) Homozygous dominant B) Homozygous recessiveC) Heterozygous D) True-breeding

2. A punnett square is used to determine the

A) result of Meiosis I

C) result of segregation

B) probable outcome of a cross

D) actual outcome of a cross

3. When you flip a coin, what is the probability that it will come up tails?

A)

B)

C) 1/8

D) 1

4. A couple has two children, both of whom are boys. What is the chance that the parents next child will be a boy?

A) 0%

B) 25%

C) 50%

D) 100%

5. If you have an animal of an unknown genotype, how would you be able to determine its genotype?

A) TestcrossB) Pedigree

C) Karyotype

D) All of the above

6. If you were going to perform a testcross for a black hamster, what type of animal would you cross with the animal of unknown genotype?

A) Another dominant black hamsterC) no cross, look at its siblings

B) A recessive white hamster

D) none of the above

7. If the offspring from the testcross are half white and half black, you would conclude that the black hamsters genotype would be? (Given B is black and b for white.)

A) BB

B) bb

C) Bb

D) None of the above

8. The passing on of traits from parents to offspring is called ___________.

A) GeneticsB) Heredity

C) Inbreeding

D) Gene Splicing

9. Genes located on homologous chromosomes may have alternate forms that control different forms of a trait. These alternate forms of a gene are called ________.

A) Alleles

B) Centromeres

C) Phenotypes

D) Gametes

10. Cells containing two alleles for each trait are described as ____________.

A) Haploid

B) Diploid

C) Gametes

D) Homozygous

11. An animal that has a genotype of one uppercase letter and one lowercase letter, such as Aa is called ________.

A) Homozygous Recessive

C) Heterozygous Dominant

B) Homozygous Dominant

D) Heterozygous Recessive

12. An animal that has a genotype of two upper letters, such as AA is called ________.

A) Homozygous Recessive

C) Heterozygous Dominant

B) Homozygous Dominant

D) Heterozygous Recessive

13. An animal that has a genotype of two lowercase letters, such as aa is called ________.

A) Homozygous Recessive

C) Heterozygous Dominant

B) Homozygous Dominant

D) Heterozygous Recessive

14. Mendels Law of segregation states that during meiosis, the factors that control each trait separate and only ______ from each pair is/are passed to the offspring.

A) one factorB) the dominant trait

C) two factors

D) the recessive trait

15. The law of independent assortment states that the inheritance of alleles for one trait is not affected by the inheritance of alleles for a different trait if the genes for the traits are on ___________.

A) separate chromosomes B) the same chromosome C) homologous chromosomesD) homozygous chromosomes

16. A dogs phenotype can be determined by ___________________.

A) looking at the dogs parents

C) mating the dog and looking at the offspring

B) examining the dogs chromosomes

D) looking at the dog

Complex Inhertiance

17. The type of inheritance shown when a red-flowering plant is crossed with a white-flowering plant and only pink-flowering plants are produced.

A) CodominanceB) Incomplete DominanceC) Polygenic Inheritance D) Multiple Alleles

18. The type of inheritance that is governed by many genes, like skin color.

A) CodominanceB) Incomplete DominanceC) Polygenic Inheritance D) Multiple Alleles

19. The type of inheritance where both dominant alleles are expressed/shown in the phenotype, like AB blood.

A) CodominanceB) Incomplete DominanceC) Polygenic Inheritance D) Multiple Alleles

20. The type of inheritance where there are more than two alleles in a population such as A, B, and O blood.

A) CodominanceB) Incomplete DominanceC) Polygenic Inheritance D) Multiple Alleles

Blood typing21. What African-American scientist is credited with the process of blood banking and plasma?

A) James WatsonB) Francis Crick

C) Charles Drew

D) Rosalind Franklin22. The red blood cells of a person with type AB blood have

a) A antigen onlyb) B antigens onlyc) both A and B antigensd) no a or b antigens23. The red blood cells of a person with type AB blood have

a) A antigen onlyb) B antigens onlyc) both A and B antigensd) no a or b antigens

24. You know if you have a positive test for a A blood type when the blood smear

A) agglutinates or clumps with Anti-A

C) does nothing

B) agglutinates or clumps with Anti-B D) Clumps with both anti-A and anti-B

25. Which blood type is the universal donor?

A) AB)BC) ABD) O26. Which blood type is the universal recipient? A) AB)BC) ABD) OPedigrees and Karyotypes27. Which parent determines the sex of the offspring and why?A) The mother, because she can give either an X or an Y C) The mother, because she can give either an X or an X

B) The father, because he can give either an X or an Y D) The father, because he can give either an X or an X

28. A chart that traces the inheritance of a trait in a family is called?

A) pedigree

B) karyotype

C) genome

D) autosome

29. In a pedigree, males are represented by which symbol?

A) Triangles

B) Circles

C) Squares

D) Lines

30. In a pedigree, females are represented by which symbol?

A) Triangles

B) Circles

C) Squares

D) Lines

31. In the pedigree above person number II.3 is a(n)

a) affected male.

c) unaffected male.

b) affected female.

d) unaffected female.

32. The trait shown in the pedigree above must beA) autosomal dominant

C) sex-linked dominant

B) autosomal recessive

D) sex-linked recessiveHuman Genetic Disorders33. During what phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes visible and can be used to create a karyotype?

A) G2 phase B) G1 phase

C) S phase D) M phase

34. An Extra X chromosome is what disorder?

A) Down Syndrome

C) Kleinfelters Syndrome

B) Turners Syndrome

D) None of these

35. What is the sex of this karyotype?

A) male B) femaleC) Both male & femaleD) neither male or female

36. What term describes how gametes can receive too many or too few chromosomes?

A) nondistinctionB) nondisprudenceC) nondisjunction D) nondisfiguration

37. What type of chromosomal disorder is when a female receives only one X chromosome?

A) Down SyndromeB) Turners SyndromeC) Kleinfelters SyndromeD) None of these

38. What disease is recessive autosomal and is caused by a lethal accumulation of lipids or fats in the brain?

A) Albinism

B) PKU

C) Cystic FibrosisD) Tay-Sachs39. Which of the following diseases is not sex-linked recessive?

A) Cystic FibrosisB) Hemophilia

C) ColorblindnessD) Duchennes Muscular Dystrophy

40. Sickle Cell anemia is a codominant disorder that causes a change in blood cells so they cannot carry?

A) Nitrogen

B) Oxygen

C) Plasma

D) Carbon

41. What type of sex-linked disorder is known for uncontrollable bleeding?

A) Sickle Cell anemiaB) Cystic FibrosisC) AchrondroplasiaD) Hemophilia

42. Affected males of sex-linked disorders get it from their.?

A) Mothers

B) Fathers

C) Both mother and fatherD) none of these

43. Affected females of sex-linked disorders get it from their?

A) Mothers

B) Fathers

C) Both mother and fatherD) none of these44. Which of the following would complete this sex-related punnett square?A) XBY

B) XbY

C) XBXB

D) XBXb

45. What would characterize the mother in this sex-related pedigree?A) Homozygous Normal

C) Homozygous affected

B) Heterozgyous or a CarrierD) Cannot tell from the Punnett square

46. Which of the following best describes the mutation called B?A) Deletion

C) Inversion

E) Translocation

B) Duplication

D) Insertion

47. Which of the following best describes the mutation called E?

A) Deletion

C) Inversion

E) Translocation

B) Duplication

D) Insertion

48. What type of disorder would be associated with the mutation C?

A) Fragile X

C) Acute Myelogenous LeukemiaB) Hemophilia

D) Cri du Chat

49. What type of disorder would be associated with the mutation A?

A) Fragile X

C) Acute Myelogenous LeukemiaB) Hemophilia

D) Cri du Chat50. How many chromosomes does a normal human have?

A) 23

B) 46

C) 92

D) none of these

1. Achondroplasia

a. Gene Mutation

2. Cystic Fibrosis

b. Chromosome Mutation

3. Duchene Muscular Dystrophy

4. Hypercholesterolemia

5. Fragile X Syndrome

6. Gauchers Disease

7. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

8. Hemochromatosis

9. Holoproencephaly

10. Huntington Disease (Also Huntington Chorea)

11. Klinefelter Syndrome

12. Marfan Syndrome

13. Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF)

14. Myotonic Dystrophy

15. Neurofibromatosis I

16. Osteogenesis Imperfecta

17. Phenylketonuria

18. Polycystic Kidney Disease

19. Prader Willi/Angelman (PWS/AS)

20. Sex Reversal

21. Tay-Sachs Disease

22. Thalasemias

23. Turner Syndrome

24. Xeroderma Pigmentosum

25. Achondroplasia

26. Cystic Fibrosis

27. Duchene Muscular Dystrophy

28. Hypercholesterolemia

29. Fragile X Syndrome

30. Gauchers Disease

31. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

32. Hemochromatosis

33. Holoproencephaly

34. Huntington Disease (Also Huntington Chorea)

35. Klinefelter Syndrome

36. Marfan Syndrome

37. Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF)

38. Myotonic Dystrophy

39. Neurofibromatosis I

40. Osteogenesis Imperfecta

41. Phenylketonuria

42. Polycystic Kidney Disease

43. Prader Willi/Angelman (PWS/AS)

44. Sex Reversal

45. Tay-Sachs Disease

46. Thalasemias

47. Turner Syndrome

48. Xeroderma Pigmentosum