Anthropogenic Effects on Birds of Prey in Central Florida A study of the most commonly admitted Raptors to the Audubon Birds of Prey Center

Rebecca Bowden Cashell Watsun

Abstract: The Audubon Birds of Prey Center, located in Maitland, Florida, is an urban environmental organization that focuses on the rescue and rehabilitation of Floridian raptors. As human populations continue to grow and the state becomes increasingly urbanized, birds of prey fall victim to the effects of human activities. Raptors face numerous threats, such as electrocution, collisions with vehicles and exposure to contaminated food sources. An analysis of the Center’s data from 2001 to 2014 will further the understanding on the conservation status of the five main species the study focuses on (Bald Eagle, Osprey, Red-Shouldered Hawk, Red-Tailed Hawk, and Cooper’s Hawk) regarding the anthropogenic effects on the species and their population. Research Question: What are the primary human impacts affecting five common species of raptors in Central Florida?

Conclusion: Through analyzing all of the factors and various aspects, such as recorded data and raptor behaviors, it is clear that anthropogenic effects on birds of prey in the Central Florida area are prevalent problem. With the implementation of cohesive design, conservation, education and forethought to birds of prey, it is possible to create a habitat for both humans and birds to thrive in.

Principles: Ecological integrity – The conservation of these bird species supports and maintains the populations and biodiversity of lower tertiary species through top down control. Green Design/Infrastructure Promoting and Implementing Walkable Cities– With the reduction of cars, the amount of road kill will decline, resulting in a decreased number of birds being hit by vehicles. Green Infrastructure – Planning development in accordance with nature will support healthy bird populations by providing suitable habitat range. Environmental Externalities - Raptors are impacted by human activities and development on many levels. They experience large amounts of habitat loss when land is cleared for development. Bird habitats are also polluted from production waste as well as their food sources, which are tainted by lead bullets. Both expose raptors to poisonous toxins. Urban development paired with structures such as power lines, buildings, and factories increase the number of in-flight collisions.

Nesting Platforms in Winter Park

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A.  Methane burned Osprey B.  Electrocuted Bald Eagle C.  X-Ray of Red-Tailed Hawk D.  Barbed wire Cooper’s Hawk E.  Eagle receiving oxygen F.  Bullet wound Red-Shouldered Hawk G.  Nesting Platform H.  Bald Eagle with Unknown Trauma I.  Species Admitted to the Center per year J.  Species Admitted to the Center by cause