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The Use of Articles

a) Hospital, school, police station, temple,church, prison îμ³ë]-öËμjì ví£ë¶-ø‹-õìª î¦æ¨ prima-ry purpose ÚÁú£Ù ÍÙç˶ ÍN î�¶æ¨ ÚÁú£Ù Ñë¶ÌPÙ#Ñû¦oóμ« î¦æ¨ ÚÁú£Ù ë]J)›úh sÑë¯--ô¢éÚÛª schoolìª àŸë]ª-÷±-ÚÁ-÷-è¯-EÚ¨ öË¶ë¯ àŸë]ª÷± àμí£p-è¯-EÚ¨z, î¦æ¨÷³Ùë]ª Óö°Ùæ¨ article ìª Ñí£-óμ«-TÙ-àŸ-ÚÛ«è[ë]ª.

Kiran is going to college. (either to studyor to teach)Sravanthi is going to hospital (either fortreatment or as a doctor/nurse)

Ú¥F šíjì àμí‡pì ví£ë¶-ø‹-õìª î¦æ¨ primary purposeÚÁú£Ù Ú¥ÚÛªÙè¯ î¶¸ô í£E ÚÁú£Ù s ÍÙç˶ school ìªpolling station Þ¥ vote î¶óŸªè[Ù ÚÁú£Ùz ë]J)›úh î¦æ¨÷³Ùë]ª definite article 'the' ÑÙà¦L.

He is going to the school (to cast his vote)She is going to the hospital (to meet herfriend who is working there)

b) þ§ëů-ô¢-éÙÞ¥ Proper Nouns ÷³Ùë]ª Óö°Ùæ¨Article ìª Ñí£-óμ«-TÙ-àŸ-ÚÛ«è[ë]ª. Ú¥F ÖÚÛ ProperNoun ÖÚÛ õ¤ÛéÙ / Nù£-óŸªÙö˺ ò°Þ¥ ví£ú‡CÌÄàμÙCê¶î¦æ¨E Common Nouns Þ¥ Ñí£-óμ«-T-þ§hÙ. Ñë¯--ô¢éÚÛª 'He is a Bill Gates' ÍÙç˶ ÍêŸè[ª Bill Gatesö° ò°Þ¥ ëÅ]ì-÷Ù-꟪-è[E Íô¢–Ù. Mukesh Ambani isthe Bill Gates of India ÍÙç˶ ví£í£ÙàŸÙ îμ³ê¦h-EÚ¨Bill Gates Óö° Íô³ê¶ ÍêŸuÙêŸ ëÅ]ì-÷Ù-꟪èÁ òÅ°ô¢-êŸ-ë¶-ø‹-EÚ¨ Mukesh Ambani ÍÙêŸæ¨ ëÅ]ì-÷Ù-꟪-è…EòÅ°÷Ù.

Ritvik is a Virat Kohli (a good batsman)Ritvik is the Virat Kohli of our collegecricket team.

c) We use either indefinite article or definitearticle before a singular countable commonnoun that represents the whole class.

A cow is a useful animal (Any cow)The dog is a faithful animal. (Here itmeans all dogs)

Ú¥F ÷ªìª-ù£ªu-õìª generic sense ö˺ Ñí£-óμ«-TÙ-#-ìí£±pè[ª ÷«vêŸÙ Óö°Ùæ¨ article Ñí£-óμ«-TÙ-àŸ-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª.

Man is a social animal.Girls are more industrious than boys.

Prepositions

Words followed by some prepositions1. Agree to something: We agree to your pro-

posalAgree with a person: We agree with you

2. Angry with a person : The teacher is angrywith herAngry at something: He is angry at herbehaviour

3. Differ with a person - Mohana differs with Amrutha on that issue.Differ in opinion - The two leaders differ intheir opinion.Differ from anything - India differs fromPakistan in many respects

4. Apologize to a person /Apologize forsomething: You should apologize to yourteacher for your nasty comments in the class

5. Apply to a person / Apply for something:Have you applied to the principal for leave?

Look at the use of certain prepositionswhere people often tend to make mistakes:a) We watched a nice dance programme on TVb) The child sat on her mother’s lapc) They congratulated him on his successd) She is on the committeee) Bhavya goes to college on footf) Please sign in inkg) Khyati is good at Englishh) She was dressed in jeansi) Prudhvi left for Chennaij) The old man died of denguek) She is suffering from malarial) I prefer coffee to team) He is junior to me (also superior, inferior,

senior etc.)Some Confusing Preposition Pairsa) Among / Between

We use between with two persons or thingswhereas among is used with more than twopersons or things.

Sohini sits between Rishita and Priya. The four brothers shared the propertyamong themselves.

b) Beside / Besides'Beside' means 'next to' or ‘by the side of’but 'Besides' states that something is there inaddition to something else.

My office is located beside the State Bankof India.Besides biscuits, we need some milk.

c) Since / For‘Since’ is used with point of time (since1999, since March, since morning, since 10am, since Monday etc.)

They have been living here since 2008‘For’ is used with period of time (for sevenyears, for three months, for two hours, forone week, for four months etc.)

Teja has been working at Infosys for ayear.

Subject Verb Agreement

a) When two or more subjects are joined by –‘as well as, like, unlike, besides, in additionto, along with, except etc., the verb is usedaccording to the first subject.

The major along with his soldiers waswounded in the warThe leader as well as his followers hasraised the slogans.

b) When two or more subjects are connectedby ‘not only...but also, neither...nor,either...or, none- but’ the verb is usedaccording to the nearest subject

Either my shoes or your coat is always onthe floor.Neither the servants nor the master wasfound in the house.

c) Ú•Eo nouns àŸ«è¯“EÚ¨ Óõx-í£±pè[« plural form ö˺û¶ÑÙæ°ô³ Ú¥F singular sense ö˺û¶ î¦æ¨E Ñí£-óμ«-T-þ§hÙ. ÍÙë]ª-÷õx î¦æ¨ êŸô¦yêŸ singular verbs÷«vêŸî¶ª ÷þ§hô³.

Measles is a contagious disease.Economics is his favourite subject

d) Ú•Eo nouns Óõx-í£±pè[« plural form ö˺û¶ÑÙæ°ô³. î¦æ¨Ú¨ singular form Íû¶C ÑÙè[ë]ª.î¦æ¨ êŸô¦yêŸ Óí£±pè[« plural verbs ÷«vêŸî¶ª÷þ§hô³.

The scissors are very sharp.My trousers are made of wool.

e) Ú•Eo nouns Ú¨ plural form Íû¶C ÑÙè[ë]ª. î¦æ¨EÓí£±pè[« singular form ö˺û¶ Ñí£-óμ«-T-þ§hÙ.

ÍÙë]ª÷õx î¦æ¨ êŸô¦yêŸ Óí£±è[« singular verbs÷«vêŸî¶ª Ñí£-óμ«-T-þ§hÙ.

Eg: Advice, alphabet, baggage, bread, cash,equipment, furniture, hair, information,luggage, machinery, scenery, stationery,etcThe information about him is false.The furniture is very expensive.

Tenses

a) Ú•Eo verbs ìª þ§ëů-ô¢-éÙÞ¥ continuous form ö˺Ñí£-óμ«-TÙ-àŸÙ.

I love my parents (NOT I am loving…)

Lavanya knew all the answers (NOTLavanya was knowing….)

a) ÞœêŸÙö˺ ·ôÙè[ª í£ìªõª Ö¸Ú-þ§J áJ-T-ì-í£±pè[ª î¦æ¨ö˺longer action ìª past continuous tense ö˺ìª,shorter action ìª simple past tense ö˺ìªÑí£óμ«-T-þ§hÙ.

I was taking a bath when the postmancame.

b) ÞœêŸÙö˺ ·ôÙè[ª í£ìªõª ÖÚÛ ë¯E êŸô¦yêŸ ÷ªô•-ÚÛæ¨áJ-T-ì-í£±pè[ª î¦æ¨ö˺ ÷³Ùë]ªÞ¥ áJ-Tì í£EE pastperfect tense öËºìª êŸô¦yêŸ áJ-Tì í£EE simplepast tense öËºìª Ñí£-óμ«-T-þ§hÙ.

When Himanish arrived at the party,Suhas had already gone home

c) The Future Perfect Tense is used to expressan action which will be finished by a certaintime in the future.

Raghu and Sarada will have been marriedfor 30 years by next year

d) The expression, ‘It’s (quite/high/about)time + subject + V2’ is used to refer to thepresent moment. Here we use the past, butthe meaning is present, not past. It express-es that something should have already beendone and it’s already a little late.

It’s time we went home. sÏí£p-æ¨¸Ú Ú•ÙàμÙÎõú£uÙ Íô³uÙC, Ð ð§-æ¨¸Ú ÏÙæ¨Ú¨ îμRx ÑÙè¯-LqÙC.z

English

Revision is undoubtedly an important aspect ofself-study. It helps you remember the most importantpoints. The preparation for any exam is incomplete

without an effective revision.Let's revise some of the most commonly asked

questions on Articles, Prepositions, Subject-VerbAgreement, Tenses and Degrees of Comparison.

Don’t feel inferior to...

C.V.S. RavindranathSubject Expert

Writer:

Area

1. Perception

(senses)

2. Feelingsand emotions

3. Mental

activity

4. Possession

5. Appearing

Verb

see, smell, hear, feel, taste,recognize, notice

love, like, hate, dislike,

detest, desire, wish, want,

fear, prefer, refuse, hope

know, understand, remem-

ber, recollect, believe,

expect, forget, think,

suppose, consider, trust,

imagine, mean, mind

owe, have, possess, own,belong (to), contain, consist (of)

appear, look, seem

Alms, annals, arrears, ashes, assets, binoculars, caves, circumstances, earnings,goggles, jeans, outskirts, pants, premises,proceeds, quarters, refreshments, remains,

riches, savings, scissors, shoes, shorts,socks, stairs, statistics(data), surroundings,

thanks, tongs, trousers, etc.

Subjects: Mathematics, Economics,Physics, Politics, Linguistics,Mechanics, Statistics etc.

Diseases: Mumps, measles, rickets etc.Games: Billiards, Caroms, Gymnastics,

Athletics, Innings, Series etc.Miscellaneous: News

Degrees of Comparison

a) ‘'Elder' öË¶ë¯ 'eldest' í£ë¯-õìª Ö¸Ú ÚÛªåªÙñú£òÅ¡ªuõª ÷ªëÅ]u ÷óŸªú£ªö˺E ê¶è¯ìª êμL-óŸª-à¶-óŸª-è¯-EÚ¨ î¦è[-ê¦Ù. Íö°¸Þ 'elder' êŸô¦yêŸ Óí£±pè[«'than' ô¦ë]ª, 'to' ÷«vêŸî¶ª Ñí£-óμ«-TÙ-à¦L. 'Older'öË¶ë¯ 'oldest' í£ë¯-õìª ÏêŸô¢ ÷uÚÛªhõ ÷ªëÅ]u @÷±õ÷ªë]u öË¶ë¯ ÷ú£ªh-÷±õ ÷ªëÅ]u ÷óŸªú£ªö˺ òÅ˶ë¯Eo êμL-óŸª-à¶-óŸª-è¯-EÚ¨ Ñí£-óμ«-T-þ§hÙ.

Gopi is my elder brother.My friend is older than me.This is the oldest temple in the city.

b) Adjectives of Latin origin (superior, inferi-or, junior, senior, prior, anterior and poste-rior) are followed by ‘to’ but not ‘than’.

Don’t feel inferior to anyoneAnu is junior to me

c) ‘Fewer’ is used in the sense of ‘not asmany as’ before a plural countable noun todenote number where as ‘less’ is used inthe sense of ‘a smaller amount of’ before asingular uncountable noun to denote quan-tity.

There are fewer girls than boys in theclass (NOT less girls)There is less sugar in my tea than inyours. (NOT fewer sugar)

d) Comparison should always be madebetween two similar aspects.Look at this example: The climate ofChennai is hotter than Bangalore.ÏÚÛ\è[ ð¼LÚÛ Íû¶C Íû¶C ·ôÙè[ª þ§ô¢«í£u Nù£-óŸ«õ ÷ªëÅ]u ÑÙè¯L sÍÙç˶ Chennai î¦ê¦-÷-ô¢-é°-EÚ¨ Bangalore î¦ê¦-÷-ô¢-é°-EÚ¨ ÷ªëÅ]uz Ú¥FChennai î¦ê¦-÷-ô¢-é°-EÚ¨ Bangalore ìÞœ-ô¦-EÚ¨÷ªëÅ]u Ú¥ë]ª.So the correct expression should be ‘Theclimate of Chennai is hotter than that ofBangalore.’

e) Some adjectives like unique, round, per-fect, ideal, universal, full, complete, etchave no degrees of comparison. They can-not be used in comparison.This is a unique book on English grammar(NOT the most unique)

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2 2 7x x25sîæG‹Ü sîæBÆŠæsîæ (G‹Üisîæ) Ððl*yýlÌŒæ õ³ç³ÆŠæQuestions: 160 Marks: 80 Time: 150 MinutesÑ$VýS™é Æó‡ç³sìæ "ѧýlÅ'ÌZ..

°¯]l²sìæ "ѧýlÅ' ™èlÆý‡$ÐéƇ¬

?

B

A

D

C

140°

1. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

2. ? 1) 4 at P 2) 3 at P3) 2 at P 4) 1 at P

3. ? . ,

. 1) 2) 3) 1, 2 4)

4. (Helio) . ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

5. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

6. ?. . 1) 2) 3) 1, 2 4)

7. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

8. ? 1) 50 2) 60 3) 70 4) 80

9. 8 ? 1) 1/4 2) 5.6 lit O23) 6.023 x 1023 x 1/4 4)

10. . . 283 K . 570 K 1) 100C, 2970C 2) 2970C, 100C 3) 4)

11. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

12. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

13. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

14. , , 0C ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

15. ?1) 2) , 3) 4)

16. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

17. ?

. . 1) 2) , 3) 4) ,

18. - ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

19. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

20. 100 20 . ? 1) (100/20) x 100 2) (20/100) x 100 3) (20/80) x 100 4)

21. . AB→A + B

. AB + C→AC + B

. AB + XY→AY + BX ?1) , ,

2) , , 3) , ,

4)

22. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

23. ‘ ’ ?1) 2) 3) 4)

24. 1 ? 1) 2) 3) 22.4 lit .. S.T.P. 4)

25. , ? 1) 2) 3) 4) CO2

26. X 6.023 × 1023 . X ? 1) 16 2) 32 3) 14 4) 1, 3

27. 20 ? 1) 1.11 2) 2.11 3) 3.11 4) 4.11

28. 360 , . ? 1) H2 SO4 2) C6 H12 O6 3) C12 H22 O11 4) HNO3

29. 100 , 100 ? 1) 100 . 2) 100 . 3) 4)

30. FeO, FeCl2, FeCl3 ?

1) 2, 2, 4 2) 2, 2, 3 3) 2, 2, 6 4) 2, 2, 231. ?

1) 2) 3) 4) 32. ?

1) 2) 3) 4) 33. Na2 SO4, HNO3, NaOH

? 1) Na2 SO4- , HNO3- ,

NaOH- 2) Na2 SO4- , HNO3- ,

NaOH- 3) Na2 SO4- , HNO3- ,

NaOH- 4)

34. PH 7 ? 1) NH4 Cl 2) CuSO43) NH4 NO3 4)

35. ? 1) 2 2) 5 3) 7 4) 10

36. ? 1) Na2 ZnO 2) Na2 ZnO33) Na2 ZnO2 4) Na3 ZnO

37. ? 1) 2) 3) 4)

38. ? 1) Na2 O 2) K2 O 3) MgO 4) SO2

39. - ? 1) H2 2) NaOH 3) Cl2 4) 1, 3

40. A . A

? 1) 2) 3) 4)

41. ?1) CO, CO2 2) NO, NO23) SO2, SO3 4)

42. ? 1) CCl2 F2 2) CBr2 F23) CI2 F2 4) CCl4

43. ? 1)

2)

3)

4)

44. ? 1) CH4 2) CO2 3) H2 O 4) CFCS

45. ? 1) 2) 3) CO 4) H2 S

46. ? 1) PBN ( ) 2) PBS 3) PBL 4) PBD

47. ? 1) CO 2) SO2 3) CaO 4) CO2

48. PH ?1) 4-5 2) 1-3 3) 0-2 4) 7-14

49. ? 1) CFC3 2) O3 3) PBN 4)

50.

? 1) UV 2) 3) 4)

51. ?1) 2) 3) 1, 2 4)

52. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

53. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

54. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

55. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

56. ?1) , 2) , 3) , 4)

57. ?1) -NH2 2) -COOH 3) 1, 2 4) -NO2

58. ?1) A 2) D 3) E, K 4)

59. B12 ?1) 2) 3) 4)

60. , , ?1) C12H22O11 2) C6H12O6 3) (C6H20O5)2 4) C5H10O5

61. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

62. ?1) U3O8 2) U3O5 3) U3O2 4) Pbo

63. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

64. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

9848 595 085

?

1-4, 2-4, 3-3, 4-1, 5-4, 6-3,7-4, 8-1, 9-4, 10-1, 11-4, 12-1,

13-2, 14-1, 15-2, 16-3, 17-2, 18-3,19-4, 20-2, 21-2, 22-3, 23-2, 24-4,25-3, 26-4, 27-1, 28-2, 29-1, 30-2,31-1, 32- , 33-2, 34-4, 35-4, 36-3,37-4, 38-4, 39-4, 40-1, 41-4, 42-1,43-2, 44-4, 45-4, 46-1, 47-2, 48-4,49-4, 50-3, 51-3, 52-4, 53-4, 54-4,55-2, 56-1, 57-3, 58-4, 59-1, 60-1,61-4, 62-1, 63-2, 64-1, 65-4, 66-1,67-1, 68-2, 69-3, 70-1.

TRT

SPECIAL

65. ?1) 1.1-1.5 2) 0.5-1.5 3) 3-4 4) 0.2

66. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

67. ?1) Ag>Cu>Au>Al 2) Ag<Cu<Au<Al 3) Cu>Ag>Au>Al 4)

68. ....1) 2) 3) 4)

69. ?1) 2) 3) 4)

70. ?1) - C

O

-NH 2) -CO -Y

3) - CO

-O- CO

- 4)

7 16, 2018- ntadilabad.comntnews.com

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28. á øÏ+~ yê{Ï˝À ªª‘Ó\+>±D Ä&É_&ɶ>± Á|üdæ~Δ>±+∫q yês¡Ô |üÁ‹ø£ @~?m. XÀuÛÑ _. ‘Ó\T>∑T‘·*¢dæ. ‘·s¡DÏ &ç. düTC≤‘·

29. ª»–‘ê´\ ªø√≥µ @ sêE\ ø±\+˝À ì]à+#ês¡T?m. ø±ø£rj·TT\T _. yÓTT>∑˝Ÿ‡dæ. $»j·Tq>∑s¡ sêE\T &ç. ãVü≤eT˙ düT˝≤ÔqT\T

30. á øÏ+~ @ ÁbÕ+‘·+˝À ªª‘Ó\+>±D ù||üsY $T˝Ÿµµ ø£\<äT?m. Hê#·>∑÷&Ó+ _. ø£eT˝≤|ü⁄s¡+dæ. e÷‘·+– &ç. ø±>∑CŸq>∑sY

31. Ç˝Ÿ≥T$TwtqT ªªReal founder of delhi sul-tannathµµ >± n_Ûe]í+∫q yês¡T mes¡T?m. sêãsYº d”y˚˝Ÿ _. ÄsY.|æ Á‹bÕ]ƒdæ. qJsY U≤Hé &ç. ÄsY.mdt #Í<äØ

32. >=|üŒ XÊdüHê\ s¡#·sTT‘·>± Á|üdæ~Δ #Ó+~q &Ûç©¢düT˝≤ÔHé mes¡T?m. eTdü÷<écÕ _. u≤\“Hédæ.qd”s¡TB›HéeTVü≤à<écÕ &ç. mes¡÷ø±<äT

33. <ä+&Éj·÷Á‘·˝À uÛ≤>∑+>±ªª e÷*ø˘ ø£|üPsYµµ sêy˚TX¯«s¡+µµ˝À eTd”<äTqT ì]à+#ê&ÉT?m. eT<ÛäTs¡ <ä+&Éj·÷Á‘·_. <˚e–] <ä+&Éj·÷Á‘·dæ. <ë«sê düeTTÁ<ä+ <ä+&Éj·÷Á‘·&ç. es¡+>∑˝Ÿ <ä+&Éj·÷Á‘·

34. ùwsê¸ ì]à+∫q ø√≥ @~?m. sê»|üPsY bÕ´\dt _. s√Vü≤≥dt <äTs¡Z+dæ. >√˝Ÿ >∑T+ãCŸ ø√≥ &ç. >±+<ÛëØ ø√≥ <äTs¡Z+

35. nø£“sY ÄkÕúq+˝À ñqï‘· |ü<äe⁄\qT n\+ø£]+∫q sê»|ü⁄Á‘·T\T mes¡T?m. sêC≤‘√&ÉsYeT‘Y _. uÛÑ>∑yêHé<ëdtdæ. e÷Hédæ+>¥ &ç.ô|’yês¡+<äs¡÷

36. uÛ≤s¡‘Y Á_{°wt kÕÁe÷»´ Ä~|ü‘ê´ìï düTdæús¡+#˚dæq >∑es¡ïsY »qs¡˝Ÿ mes¡T?m. ˝≤sYºùV≤dæº+>¥ _. sêãsYº¬ø’¢yédæ. &É˝ÖΩdæ &ç. ]|üŒHé

37. sêeTqTC≤#ês¡T´\≈£î <˚X¯ ãVæ≤wüÿs¡D •ø£åqT$~Û+∫q sêE mes¡T?m. $wüßíes¡úqT&ÉT _.≈£î∞‘·TÔ+>∑ #√fi¯ó&ÉTdæ. sê»sê»#√fi¯ó&ÉT &ç. sêCÒ+Á<ä #√fi¯ó&ÉT

38. uÛÑ>∑eBZ‘·qT eTsê؃ uÛ≤wü˝ÀøÏ nqTe~+∫qyês¡T mes¡T?m. C≤„q<˚e⁄&ÉT _. qs¡dæ+Vü≤ yÓTVü≤‘ê_. @ø£Hê<∏äT&ÉT &ç. sêeT<ëdüT

39. u…+>±˝Ÿ qT+&ç Ç+>±¢&é≈£î dü+|ü<ä ‘·s¡*+|ü⁄ÁbÕs¡+uÛÑyÓTÆq dü+e‘·‡s¡+?m. 1764 _.1757 dæ.1857 &ç.1760

40. 2e ãVü≤<ä÷sYcÕ yês¡düT\T mÁs¡ø√≥qT e~*yÓfi≤fl\ì Áø°.X¯ 1849dü+e‘·‡s¡+˝À Á|üø£{Ï+∫qÁ_{°wt >∑es¡ïsY »qs¡˝Ÿ mes¡T?m. $*j·T+ u…+{Ï+ø˘ _. ˝≤sY¶ $T+{Ÿdæ. &É˝ÖΩdæ &ç. ø±s¡Hé yê©dt

41. >∑&Üÿ] ‹s¡T>∑Tu≤≥T @ <˚X¯+˝À »]–+~?m. ø=˝≤¢|üPsY _. ø£sêï≥ø£dæ. ‹s¡Tq˝Ò«* &ç. ˇ]kÕ‡

42. uÛ≤s¡rj·TT\ Ks¡TÑ√ uÛ≤s¡rj·TT Ò dæbÕsTT\T>±ñqï uÛ≤s¡rj·T ôd’q´y˚T Ç+&çj·÷qT Ç+^¢wtyê] u≤ìdü‘·«+˝À nD∫ e⁄+#·T‘√+~ nìù|s=ÿqïyês¡T mes¡T?m. ÄsY.dæ<ä‘Y _. _|æHé#·+Á<ädæ. e÷sYÿ‡ &ç. e÷\ÿ+

43. ªª<Ûäs¡à‘·‘·«µµ nH˚ u…+>±© |üÁ‹ø£qT kÕú|æ+∫+~ mes¡T?m. s¡M+Á<äHê<∏ésƒê>∑÷sY _. <˚y˚+Á<äHê<∏é sƒê>∑÷sYdæ. πøX¯e #·+Á<äùdHé &ç. áX¯«Ø #·+Á<ä $<ë´kÕ>∑sY

44. uÛ≤s¡‘·<˚X¯+˝À eTVæ≤fi≤ ñ<ä´eT+ Á|ü<Ûëq+>± M]dü÷Œ¤]Ô‘√ ÁbÕs¡+uÛÑeTsTT´+~?m. s¡e÷u≤jYT s¡Hê&˚ _. düs√õì Hêj·TT&ÉT&ç. <äTsêZu≤jYT <˚XŸeTTUŸ &ç. Ç+~sê>±+BÛ

45. 1888˝À ◊ø£´ uÛ≤s¡‘· <˚XÊ_Ûe÷q dü+|òüT+ kÕú|æ+∫qyês¡T?m. $*j·T+ Vü≤+≥sY _. •esê+ Á|ükÕ<édæ. düsYdüj·T´<é ÄVü≤à<é U≤Hé &ç. C≤y˚<é ÄkÕ¢+ U≤Hé

46. ~e´C≤„q düe÷»+˝ÀqT, Vü≤√+s¡÷˝Ÿ ñ<ä´eT+˝Àq÷ nì_ôd+{Ÿ≈£î Á|ü<Ûëq nqT#·s¡T&ÉT>± |üì#˚dæq yês¡T mes¡T?m. m.myéT.CÀwæ _. X¯•bÕ<ä u…qØ®dæ. _.|æ yê&çj·÷ &ç. dü‘·´eT÷]Ô

47. nø£&É$Tø˘ nk˛dæj˚TwüHéqT kÕú|æ+∫q~ mes¡T?m. &çsêõjÓ÷ _. <ë<ëu≤jYTHÍs√Jdæ. &É.ã÷¢´.dæ u…qØ® &ç. mes¡÷ø±<äT

48. uÛ≤s¡‘·C≤rj·T ø±+Á¬>dt ‘=* düe÷y˚X¯+˝ÀÁ|üy˚X¯ô|{Ϻq rsêàHê\ dü+K´?m. 7 _.8 dæ.9 &ç.11

49. uÛ≤s¡‘· C≤rj·T ø±+Á¬>dt ‘=* düe÷y˚XÊìøÏôV’≤Á<ëu≤<é qT+∫ Vü‰»¬s’yês¡T mes¡T?m. eTT˝≤¢ nãT›˝Ÿ Kj·T÷´+_. sêeT#·+Á<ä |æfiË’¢dæ. n|òüTÀs¡Hê<∏ä #·{ÀbÕ<ë´j·T&ç. ô|’yês¡+<äs¡÷

50. 3e C≤rj·T ø±+Á¬>dt düe÷y˚XÊìøÏ m+‘· eT+~Á|ü‹ì<ÛäT\T Vü‰»s¡j·÷´s¡T?m. 436 eT+~ _. 607 eT+~dæ. 1248 eT+~ &ç. 347 eT+~

51. u§+u≤sTT qT+&ç u≤]wüºsY #˚dæq yÓTT<ä{Ï uÛ≤s¡rj·TT&ÉT mes¡T?m. n+uÒ<äÿsY _. ãÁ<äTB›Hé ‘ê´;®dæ. |òæs√CŸcÕ yÓTVü≤‘ê &ç. eTVü‰<˚e >√$+<ä s¡q&˚

52. n‹yê<äÁ‘·j·T+˝À $TøÏÿ* ñÁ<˚ø£+ >∑\ e´øÏÔ mes¡T?m. ˝≤˝≤\»|ü‹sêjYT_. u≤\ >∑+>±<ÛäsY ‹\ø˘dæ. _|æHé #·+Á<äbÕ˝Ÿ&ç. düTπs+Á<ä Hê<∏é u…qØ®

1.m 2.dæ 3.&ç 4._ 5.dæ6.m 7._ 8.dæ 9.&ç 10.m11.m 12._ 13.m 14.dæ 15.m16._ 17.&ç 18._ 19.m 20.&ç21._ 22.dæ 23.dæ 24.&ç 25.m26.&ç 27.dæ 28.&ç 29._ 30.m31._ 32.dæ 33.m 24._ 35.&ç36.m 37._ 38.dæ 39._ 40.dæ41.m 42.dæ 43.dæ 44.m 45._46.dæ 47.m 48.dæ 49.&ç 50._51._ 52._

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1. 50 K–í˛$À ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö VʸÀ HMʸ»Ü ∞Δ¯´ßë∞≤ 5 Á‹–ö˛*Ø˲øÍV>À$V> —øÊ˝hÖ^ÈΔÊˇ$. –ÈsÏ˝∞ Á‹–ö˛*Öô˲ΔÊˇÖV>MʸեÎΔÊˇ$. ßë∞ ÁúÕô˲ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö GÖô˲?G) 250 � º) 6250 �Ì‹) 2 �� yÏ˛) 12 �

2. GÀ-{M>tØ˲œ {Mʸ–ö˛$ ^˲À-ØÈ∞≤ H–ö˛$Ö-sÍΔÊˇ$?G) —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–ÈÁfl˝Ö º) ¥˜sÒ˝-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ øÙ˝ßÊ˛Ö Ì‹) ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö yÏ˛) M¸¥Î-Ì‹sÏ˝

3. —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ B–Û˛‘Ë˝ Á≥«-–ö˛*◊˝Ö ......................G) 1.0602 X 10-19 º) 1.062 X 10-19Ì‹) 1.602 X 10-19 yÏ˛) 1.602 X 10-18

4. ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ –Û˛$Áú*À –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ f«VÛ¸ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ Eô˲fi-Δ>Y∞≤ô˛Õ-ı≥®?G) EΔÊˇ$–ö˛$$ º) –˛$ΔÊˇ$Á≥# Ì‹) M>ÖÜ yÏ˛) –ÈØ˲

5. 12v ªÍ≈r» 2A —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–È-‡∞≤ –ö˛À-ƒÊ˝$Ö-ÃZMϸ Á≥ÖÁ≥#-ô˲$Ö®. B –ö˛ÀƒÊ˝$ ÁúÕô˲ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö?G) 2 � º) 6 �Ì‹) 24 � yÏ˛) 10 �

6. 10v ªÍ≈r» C^Û˛a ›Î–ö˛$ΔÊˇ¶≈Ö 10W ªÍ≈r»Ø˲$Ö_ –˛À$-–ö˛yÛ˛ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–ÈÁfl˝Ö?G) 1A º) 10AÌ‹) 20A yÏ˛) 100A

7. rÖVä¸-Á‹t-ب˛ {ßÊ˛“-øÊ˝-–ö˛Ø˲ ›Î¶ØË˛Ö .......G) 4322�C º) 2243�CÌ‹) 3422�C yÏ˛) 3322�C

8. 2 ���4 ���6 � ∞Δ¯-´ßë-ÀØ˲$ Á‹–ö˛*Ö-ô˲-ΔÊˇÖV> MʸÕ-Ì≥ôÛ˛, B –ö˛ÀƒÊ˝$Ö ÁúÕô˲ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö?G) 2 � º) 6 �Ì‹) 11/12 � yÏ˛) 12/11 �

9. 1 MϸÃZ-–Èså˝ A–ö˛Δäˇ = .............................. goÃå˝fi?G) 3.6 X 105 º) 3.6 X 106Ì‹) 36 X 106 yÏ˛) 3.6 X 104

10. —’ÁŸt ∞Δ¯-´ßë-∞Mϸ {Á≥–ö˛*◊˝Ö ..........G) K–í˛$ º) BÖÌ≥-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ Ì‹) KÃå˝t yÏ˛) K–í˛$ “$rΔäˇ

11. K–í $ ∞ƒÊ˝$-–ö˛*∞≤ ¥ÎsÏ˝Ö-^Û˛—?G) ÃZ‡À$ º) AÃZ-‡À$ Ì‹) AΔÊˇÆ-ÃZ-‡À$ yÏ˛) —${‘Ë˝–ö˛$ ÃZ‡À$

12. Áú$rÖÃZ ΔÊˇ›Î-ƒÊ˝$-∞Mʸ ‘Ë˝Mϸ¢ H ‘Ë˝Mϸ¢V> –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$-ô˲$Ö®?G) ƒÊ˝*Ö{ÜMʸ º) M>ÖÜ Ì‹) —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ yÏ˛) EÁŸ~

13. –ö˛À-ƒÊ˝*∞≤ fô˲ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-yë-∞Mϸ, —yÊ˛-©-ƒÊ˝$-yë-∞MϸßÛ˛∞≤ EÁ≥-ƒÒ˝*-W-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$?G) ªÍ≈r» º) A“$√-rΔäˇ Ì‹) «ƒÒ˝*-›Îtså˝ yÏ˛) MÓ¸

14. HM>ÖMʸ ´ßÊ˛ØÈ-–Û˛-‘È∞≤ ΔÊˇ$◊˝ ´ßÊ˛ñ–ö˛Ö Ø˲$Ö_ ´ßÊ˛Ø˲´ßÊ˛ñ–ö˛Ö –˛OÁ≥# Mʸ®-ÕÖ-^˲-yë-∞Mϸ ΔÊˇ›Î-ƒÊ˝$Ø˲ ∫ÀÖ^Û˛Ì‹Ø˲ Á≥∞∞ H–ö˛$Ö-sÍΔÊˇ$?G) ¥˜sÒ˝-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ º) ¥˜sÒ˝-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ øÙ˝ßÊ˛Ö Ì‹) —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛-^È-À-Mʸ ∫ÀÖ yÏ˛) ªÍ≈r»

15. V –ö˛$«ƒÊ˝$$ I ÀMʸ$ XÌ‹Ø˲ {V>ãú Á‹ΔÊˇ-‚Ê˝-ΔÛˇ-QØ˲$Á‹*_ı‹¢ A— ..... G) K“$ƒÊ˝$ –ÈÁfl˝-M>À$ º) A K“$ƒÊ˝$ –ÈÁfl˝-M>À$Ì‹) Ì‹Õ-M>-ب˛ yÏ˛) –ÈƒÊ˝$$ –ÈÁfl˝-M>À$

16. Mϸ֮ –ÈsÏ˝ÃZ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö B´ßë-ΔÊˇ-Á≥-yÊ˛∞ AÖ‘Ë˝Ö Vʸ$«¢Ö-^˲ÖyÏ˛?G) E⁄˘~-{Vʸô˲ º) ¥˜yÊ˛–ö˛# Ì‹) –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈-^Û˛aßÊ˛ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö yÏ˛) Áú$Ø˲ Á≥«-–ö˛*◊˝Ö

17. 60w, 120v MʸÕW EØ˲≤ ∫À$æ ∞Δ ´ßÊ˛Ö?G) 420 � º) 240 � Ì‹) 120 � yÏ˛) 20 �

18. –ö˛$Ø˲ C‚Ê˝œ -ÃZ∞ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ Á≥«-Mʸ-Δ>-ÀØ˲$ MʸÕı≥—´ßëØ˲Ö?G) Á‹–ö˛*Ö-ô˲ΔÊˇ Á‹Ö´ßëØË˛Ö º) {‘Û˝◊Ï˝ Á‹Ö´ßëØË˛Ö Ì‹) G, º yÏ˛) Ú≥OØ˲$Ö_ Mϸ֮Mϸ

19. Light Emitting Diode(LED) AØÛ˛® JMʸ ....?G) ÃZÁfl˝Ö º) AÃZÁfl˝Ö Ì‹) AΔÊˇÆ-–È-Áfl˝MÊ¸Ö yÏ˛) –ÈƒÊ˝$$ –ÈÁfl˝MʸÖ

20. 100 � VʸÀ HMʸ-»Ü –ö˛$ÖßÊ˛Ö VʸÀ –ÈÁfl˝MÊ¸Ö Mʸ«W,–˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ –ÈÁfl˝MÊ¸Ö ¥˜yÊ˛-–ö˛#Mʸ$ ΔˇsÏ˝tÖÁ≥# ¥˜yÊ˛–ö˛# VʸÀßë∞V> –ö˛*«-Ø˲®. Mˆô˲¢V> ô˲ƒÊ˝*-ΔˇOØ˲ –ÈÁfl˝MʸÖ

∞Δ ´ßÊ˛Ö ....?G)1 � º) 2 �Ì‹) 4 � yÏ˛) 25 �

21. 1m ¥˜yÊ˛–ö˛#, 0.1mm –È≈›ÎΔÊˇ¶Ö VʸÀ –ÈÁfl˝Mʸ∞Δ ´ßÊ˛Ö 100 � AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ ∞Δ¯-´ßÊ˛-Mʸô˲?G) 0.0314 �-m º) 0.00314 �-mÌ‹) 0.314 �-m yÏ˛) 3.14 �-m

22. Ì‹À”Δäˇ —’ÁŸt ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö?G) 1.68 X 10-8 º) 1.68 X 10-9Ì‹) 1.59 X 10-8 yÏ˛) 1.59 X 10-9

23. 100w, 220v & 60w, 220v VʸÀ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ ∫À$æÃZœGMʸ$P–ö˛ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö MʸÕ-W-Ø˲®?G) –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ ∫À$æ º) ΔˇÖy¯ ∫À$æ Ì‹) ΔˇÖyÊ˛* yÏ˛) H©-M>ßÊ˛$

24. —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ ‘Ë˝Mϸ¢Mϸ {Á≥–ö˛*◊˝Ö ......G) –Èså˝ & Ú‹Mʸ-ب˛ º) KWHÌ‹) G, º yÏ˛) goÃå˝fi

25. JMÛ¸ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö —À$–ö˛ R MʸÕ-WØ˲ 3 ∞Δ¯-´ßë-ÀØ˲$ {‘Û˝◊Ï˝Á‹Ö´ßëØË˛Ö ^Û˛Ì‹Ø˲ ÁúÕô˲ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö —À$–ö˛ ....

G) R º) 3RÌ‹) R/3 yÏ˛) 2R

26. ƒÊ˝*Ö{ÜMʸ ‘Ë˝Mϸ¢∞ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ ‘Ë˝Mϸ¢V> –ö˛*ΔÛˇa®?G) –˛*sÍΔäˇ º) ªÍ≈r» Ì‹) fØ˲-ΔÛˇ-rΔäˇ yÏ˛) Ì‹”^¨˛

27. Mʸ$yÏ˛-^Û˛Ü ∞∫Ö-´ßÊ˛-Ø˲ÃZ ªürØ˲ –Û˛À$ H ®‘Ë˝Ø˲$ ô˛À$-Á≥#-ô˲$Ö®?G) —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–ÈÁfl˝Ö º) AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ {ı≥ΔÊˇ◊˝ Ì‹) {ı≥«ô˲ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ ^ÈÀMʸ ∫ÀÖ yÏ˛) ∫À-ΔÛˇ-QÀ$

28. JMʸ Á‹–ö˛$ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ ÑÛ¸{ôÈ-∞Mϸ ÀÖ∫ÖV> EØ˲≤—ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–ÈÁfl˝Ö VʸÀ °VʸÚ≥O Á≥∞-^Û˛ı‹ ∫ÀÖ?G) 0 º) ilB Ì‹) 2IlB yÏ˛) IlB/2

29. ∏ÎΔÊˇyÛ˛ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ {ı≥ΔÊˇ◊˝ ∞ƒÊ˝$-–ö˛*-∞MϸEØ˲≤ –ö˛$Δ¯ ı≥ΔÊˇ$?G) {ßÊ˛–ö˛≈ ∞ô˲≈ô˲” ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö º) {ßÊ˛–ö˛≈-–Û˛Vʸ ∞ô˲≈ô˲” ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö

Ì‹) ‘Ë˝Mϸ¢ ∞ô˲≈ô˲” ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$ÖyÏ˛) —Ô‹¢ΔÊˇ~ ∞ô˲≈ô˲” ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö

30. AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ {ı≥ΔÊˇ◊˝ ∞ƒÊ˝$-–ö˛*À$ ô˛Õ-Ì≥Ø˲ ‘È{Á‹¢-–Û˛ô˲¢?G) BΔˇ$$-Δäˇ-Ú‹tyä˛ º) ∏ÎΔÊˇyÛ˛ Ì‹) ÃÒ˝Ögå˝ yÏ˛) ªZΔäˇ

31. Dc MÊ¸ΔˇÖså˝ ¥˚Ø˲@-Á≥#Ø˲≈Ö?G) ‘Ë˝îØ˲≈Ö º) 50Hz Ì‹) 60Hz yÏ˛) 100Hz

32. —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ –˛*sÍ-ΔÊˇ$ÃZ Mʸ®ÃÙ˝ øÍV>∞≤ H–ö˛$Ö-sÍΔÊˇ$?G) AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖôË˛Ö º) BΔÛˇ√-^˲Δäˇ Ì‹) ⁄Îãút yÏ˛) M>ΔÊˇæ-ب˛ ∫$ãŸÀ$

33. —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–ÈÁfl˝ ®‘Ë˝Ø˲$ –ö˛*ΔÛˇa®?G) AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖôË˛Ö º) Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-sÙ˝-rΔäˇ Ì‹) {∫㟠yÏ˛) BΔÛˇ√-^˲Δäˇ

34. AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ ÑÛ¸{ô˲ {ı≥ΔÊˇ-◊˝Mʸ$ SI {Á≥–ö˛*◊˝Ö?G) –˛∫Δäˇ/“$2 º) sÒ˝›Îœ Ì‹) –˛∫Δäˇ&“$2 yÏ˛) –˛∫Δäˇ

35. ›˘Õ-ØÈ-Δˇ$$-yä˛ÃZ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ ∫À-ΔÛˇ-QÀ$?G) —–ö˛ñ-ôÈÀ$ º) Á‹Ö–ö˛ñ-ôÈÀ$ Ì‹) Á‹ΔÛˇ-T-ƒÊ˝*À$ yÏ˛) H“-M>–ö˛#

36. ATM M>ΔÊˇ$zÀ$ B´ßë-ΔÊˇ-Á≥yÏ˛ Á≥∞-^Û˛ı‹ ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö?G) Mʸ$yÏ˛ ^Û˛Ü ∞∫Ö-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ º) GyÊ˛–ö˛$ ^Û˛Ü ∞∫Ö-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ Ì‹) ∏ÎΔÊˇyÛ˛ —ßÊ˛$≈-ßÊ˛-ƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ {ı≥ΔÊˇ◊˝ yÏ˛) BÖÌ≥-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ ∞∫Ö-´ßÊ˛Ø˲

37. q B–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö, v –Û˛VʸÖô¯ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ ÑÛ¸{ôË˛Ö BMϸÀÖøÊ˝ÖV> Mʸ®ÃÙ˝ B–Û˛-‘Ë˝ÖÚ≥O Á≥∞-^Û˛ı‹ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲∫ÃÍ-∞Mϸ Á‹*{ô˲Ö?G) F=qv º) F=qv/BÌ‹) F=q/vB yÏ˛) F=qvB

38. sÙ˝ã≥ «M>-ΔÊˇzΔäˇ H ∞ƒÊ˝$-–ö˛$ÖÚ≥O B´ßë-ΔÊˇ- Á≥yÏ˛ Á≥∞-^Û˛-Á‹$¢Ö®?G) AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ {ı≥ΔÊˇ◊˝ º) —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖ-ô˲ô˲”ÖÌ‹) —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ {ı≥ΔÊˇ◊˝ yÏ˛) ´ßÊ˛”∞ Eô˲µÜ¢

39. AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖôË˛Ö –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ÃZ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲ ô˲ô˲”Ö ...........G) ‘Ë˝îØ˲≈Ö º) Á‹–ö˛*ØË˛Ö Ì‹) Vʸ«ÁŸxÖ yÏ˛) Mʸ∞ÁŸxÖ

40. JMʸ –ÈÁfl˝-MʸÖÃZ 10 ∞—$-⁄ÎÃZœ 180 Mʸ*À$-–í˛$ÀB–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö {Á≥–ö˛-Ìfl˝ı‹¢, B –ÈÁfl˝-MʸÖ-ÃZ∞ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛{Á≥–ÈÁfl˝Ö?G) 18 BÖÌ≥-ƒÊ˝$ΔÊˇ$œ º) 3 BÖÌ≥-ƒÊ˝$ΔÊˇ$œ Ì‹) 0.3 BÖÌ≥-ƒÊ˝$ΔÊˇ$œ yÏ˛) 1800 BÖÌ≥-ƒÊ˝$ΔÊˇ$œ

41. –Û˛ΔÛˇ”ΔÊˇ$ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ ¥˜sÒ˝-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ EØ˲≤ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ ªÍ≈r-»-ÀØ˲$ Á‹–ö˛*Ö-ô˲ΔÊˇ Á‹Ö´ßëØË˛Ö ^Û˛Ì‹-Ø˲- Á≥#µyÊ˛$,ÁúÕôË˛Ö e.m.f 2v AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ –ÈsÏ˝ÃZ Vʸ«ÁŸx ¥˜sÒ˝-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ MʸÕYØ˲ ªÍ≈r» ¥˜sÒ˝-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ øÙ˝ßÊ˛Ö?G) 6v º) 1v Ì‹) 2v yÏ˛) 1.5v

42. 1v, 2.5v, 2vÀ e.m.fÀ$ VʸÀ ªÍ≈r-»-ÀØ˲$ {‘Û˝◊Ï˝-Á‹Ö-´ßëØË˛Ö ^Û˛Ì‹-Ø˲-Á≥#µyÊ˛$ MʸÕVÛ¸ ÁúÕô˲ e.m.f ....G) 2.5v º) 5.5v Ì‹) 1v yÏ˛) 2v

43. C‚Ê˝œÃZ ∫À$æ-ÀØ˲$ H —´ßë-Ø˲ÖÃZ MʸÀ$-Á≥#-ôÈΔÊˇ$?G) {‘Û˝◊Ï˝ º) Á‹–ö˛*Ö-ô˲-ΔÊˇÖV> Ì‹) Ú≥OΔˇÖyÊ˛* yÏ˛) Ú≥O–Û˛“ M>ßÊ˛$

44. K–í˛$ ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö Á‹“$-Mʸ-ΔÊˇ◊˝Ö?G) R = i/vº) i = v/RÌ‹) v = R/iyÏ˛) i = vR

45. Mϸ֮ –ÈsÏ˝ÃZ K“$ƒÊ˝$ –ÈÁfl˝MʸÖ?G) Ì‹Õ-M>-ب˛ º) {V>ÚúOså˝ Ì‹) AÀ*≈-—$-∞ƒÊ˝$Ö yÏ˛) fΔÛˇ√-∞ƒÊ˝$Ö

46. JMʸ °Vʸ ¥˜yÊ˛-–ö˛#Ø˲$ ΔˇsÏ˝tÖÁ≥# ^Û˛Ì‹ –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈-^Û˛aßÊ˛ –˛O‘È-ÃÍ≈∞≤ Á‹VÊ¸Ö ^Û˛ı‹¢ ßë∞ ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö?G) ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ Δˇr$œ A–ö˛#-ô˲$Ö® º) ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ Δˇr$œ A–ö˛#-ô˲$Ö® Ì‹) Á‹VÊ¸Ö A–ö˛#-ô˲$Ö® yÏ˛) –ö˛*ΔÊˇßÊ˛$

47. 1 KÃå˝t/1 BÖÌ≥-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ = .............G) 1 –Èså˝ º) Mʸ*À*–í˛$ Ì‹) K–í˛$ yÏ˛) K–í˛$&-“$-rΔäˇ

48. MÊ¸ΔˇÖså˝ {Á≥ƒÊ˝*-◊Ï˝Ö-^˲-yë-∞Mϸ ßÊ˛VʸY« ßë« HΔÊˇµ-yÏ˛ôÛ˛ßë∞≤ H–ö˛$Ö-sÍΔÊˇ$?G) ÃÍÖVä¸ Á‹ΔÊˇ*P≈så˝ º) ⁄ÎΔäˇt Á‹ΔÊˇ*P≈så˝ Ì‹) Á≥–ö˛Δäˇ Mʸså˝ yÏ˛) H©-M>ßÊ˛$

49. ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö —ÃZ-–ö˛*∞≤ H–ö˛$Ö-sÍΔÊˇ$?G) –ÈsÙ˝h º) —’ÁŸt ∞Δ¯´ßÊ˛Ö Ì‹) –ÈÁfl˝-Mʸô˲”Ö yÏ˛) KÃÙ˝th

50. {‘Û˝◊Ï˝ÃZ Á‹Ö´ßëØË˛Ö ^Û˛Ì‹Ø˲ ∞Δ¯-´ßëÀ Ø˲$Ö_ .... G) JMÛ¸ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–ÈÁfl˝Ö {Á≥–ö˛-Ìfl˝-Á‹$¢Ö® º) —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–ÈÁfl˝ —øÊ˝-fØ˲ Ì‹) –Û˛ΔÛˇ”ΔÊˇ$ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ {Á≥–È-‡À$ {Á≥–ö˛-Ìfl˝-›Î¢Δˇ$$ yÏ˛) H©-M>ßÊ˛$

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