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COLUMBUS, OHIO

... DESIGN STUDIES FOR THE REVITALIZATION OF A HISTORIC NEIGHBORHOOD

01 3-STUDIO DESIGN

REVISIONING WEINLAND PARKThis compilation records the work of 49 students in three parallel de-sign studios that took place during the 2010 Autumn Quarter. During the term, architecture and landscape architecture students from Ohio States Knowlton School of Architecture (KSA) and architecture students from the University of Cincinnatis Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning (DAAP) were challenged to understand current urban conditions working along-side community members and propose innovative interventions strate-gies to improve the quality of life for residents of the distressed Weinland Park neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio.

Weinland Park is at the precipice of change. It is an area facing pressures of redevelopment while seeking to retain affordable housing options, its characteristic diversity and sense of community. By collaborating with colleagues across the state, we expanded our exposure to the evolution of the neighborhood and gathered top scholars to address real commu-nity challenges. We were able to dynamically share our resources, design methods, findings, and criticism of emerging ideas, while introducing stu-dents to one another and to WP residents, to whom we are grateful for their generosity in providing ideas, substantial feedback, and their time.

Several events proved formative during the 10-week studio: the screen-ing of Sam Grays video, Journey through an Unseen Park, student and faculty participation in resident-organized neighborhood cleanups, a community design workshop, free design clinics for WP residents, and the final exhibition of student proposals--3Studio Exhibit-- hosted at the Schoenbaum Family Center. Each event brought design students closer to neighborhood residents and presented opportunities for dialog.

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The design studio is a comprehensive, collaborative, and competitive lab for ideas. It is rigorous and time intensive for faculty and students merging both scientific and cre-ative methodologies. Our work for the International Poverty Solutions Collaborative (IPSC) uniquely addressed a single neighborhood at a variety of scales across the curriculum with specificity offered by actual interventions in progress, engaging community residents eager to share their percep-tions, frustrations, and dreams. A shared value of all faculty involved in this research is to engage in participatory and collaborative design processes. Another shared goal of this research is to change the face of poverty while diminishing its magnitude.

It must be noted that applied research in design takes a long time. We believe that the true measure of our work is in transforming landscapes of poverty in ways that empower residents to improve their lives.

Through our design research endeavors, we intend to make a real and lasting impact on the comprehensive physical en-vironment of the one square mile urban area by introducing new and sustainable development that meets the needs of the current residents and draws from the best scholarship in housing, urban design, and neighborhood revitalization. Student research resulted in proposals for several ideas that could be implemented within the Weinland Park community:

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luMore activated public green areas should be included in the neighborhood, from well-maintained, safe park areas to planting in public rights of way.

Mobility and accessibility can be enhanced by calming traffic, especially on 4th and Summit Avenues, while designing better bicycle and pedestrian corridors, with clear sidewalks, curb cuts, and trees. The railroad corridor was identified as a potential asset for planned neighborhood circulation.

The high numbers of children residing in Weinland Park indicate the need for recreation and resource centers for children and families. While the current North Branch Library is well used, it is not adequate for the de-mand, and the Schoenbaum Center remains locked and inaccessible on evenings and weekends.

Community identity could be enhanced with gateways to Weinland Park. More than attractive signage, proposals include gathering areas with social centers that encourage residents to linger.

Phased growth of shared facilities integrated into new housing can provide for business incubators and economic opportunities for residents, possibly owned and managed by a community land trust.

Mixed populations in collective housing suggest designs to meet the unique needs of residents currently underserved by housing choices in WP. Single-family detached residences require individual maintenance, often beyond the residents means, and do not maximize the potential benefits of shared landscapes and amenities to build community.

New businesses, such as clothing repurposing design centers and other cottage industries, can be integrated into new housing developments.

Housing that encourages shared childcare can develop from the needs of existing populations while designing models for other communities to en-gage spatial and social assets.

Local food-based industries call for productive uses of public and private landscapes while improving nutrition and education. The goal is to cel-ebrate food in all phases of its production and consumption to promote a healthy and resilient community. Jobs and other economic benefits can result from local food production with possible distribution through exist-ing corner stores and new public markets.

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To begin the development of this project, we began by identifying problems of Weinland Park that we, in conjunction with the resi-dents, were passionate about. We defined three such problems to explore.

1. Neighborhood does not provide for basic needs. 2. Neighborhood is undefined3. Gaps in the urban fabric cause a lack of cohesiveness.

From our problem statements we then developed a concept of REBUILD. REDEFINE. RELIVE.

We have chosen these words because we are not only rebuilding, redefining, and reliving an EXISTING Weinland Park. We are build-ing, defining, and living a NEW Weinland Park.

The NEW Weinland Park we seek is one that is a sustainable neigh-borhood incorporating a defined destination among a multi-use development with pedestrian-friendly roads, adequate lighting, and appealing greenscape that encourages the growth of local businesses and promotes accessibility to basic needs.

We are BUILDING for basic needs. We are BUILDING a sense of neighborhood identity. We are DEFINING the neighborhood con-text, and last but most importantly, we are providing a better envi-ronment in which to LIVE.

Our strategy involved studying how design, and more specifically, the design of streets, can bring positive change to a neighbor-hood. We want to bring the people back to the streets. The streets are the major element in completing our vision. Whether this is through the modification of existing routes, the establishment of new streets, or even the creation of a new type of village green street, we hope to work for and with the community to show how design can start and continue a dialogue about a community with so much potential.

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NEW TRAFFIC SIGNALNEW COMMERCIAL

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NEW BIKE ROUTE

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LAND USE PLAN 5-10-15 YEAR PLAN Primary and Secondary Locations for Basic Needs

Primary and Secondary Bike Routes

[Framework and Design]

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Please note: all sections can be viewed on the next page.

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The framework plan worked to provide for basic needs, unite the urban fabric, and define the neighborhood edges. The redesigned Wein-land Park has landscaped medians on main routes to give the neighborhood a consistent identity. The new neighborhood would consist of a commercial core run-ning east and west across the neighborhood. This core would provide basic needs accessible by all residents. A recreation bike route would promote access to this com-mercial core. As part of the 15 year plan, a central square and park were planned on the eastern most part of the site. A new park would pro-vide outdoor space for resi-dents on the eastern side of the neighborhood, while a central square would provide an area for gathering and recreational activities for all residents. Mixed used units accomodating a variety of in-come levels were planned at gaps in the urban fabric. New townhomes were planned on the eastern side to complete the fabric and draw in new residents that would con-tribute to the growth of the community.

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7TH & 8H AVENUE MIXED USE GRANT STREET SOUTHERN RESIDENTIAL VILLAGE GREEN

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As a new programmed element, we worked to design a new type of courtyard that we termed Vil-lage Green. It is considered a semi-private space shared by multiple residents. who each contribute to its upkeep. It is more public than a resi-dential courtyard, but more private than a public park. It would provide opportunities for outdoor activities while providing each resident with a unique backyard condition.

Bring the residents of Weinland Park back to the streets ...

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Identifying a lack of identity among residents as a major opportunity for rein-vestment, my group developed a strategic community plan that seeks to cre-ate greater unity and commonality through a digitally and graphically identifi-able network set into the neighborhoods existing fabric.

Weinland Parks location between Ohio State, Short North, Italian Village and downtown Columbus signaled a key linkage to the evolving technologically de-veloped, wireless city.

Weinland Wireless creates a network of public spaces aimed at connecting the neighborhood through free wireless internet, computer access, and interac-tive information for the community. The 3M factory is renovated as a green technology center and central hub for Weinland Wireless.

Formal inspiration from a circuitboard lends to the design of a network of pe-destrian walking paths, culminating in a central park that acts a needed Main Street for the community. This circuit extends across the rest of the neighbor-hood, connecting vacant lots that are repurposed into a palette of community spaces connected through the networks inclusive wireless communication system.

Jim Koberling John Myers Mark PothierWEINLAND WIRELESS | COMMUNITY NETWORK

W einland Pa rk

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led wayfindingembedded LED panels create lines of light that promote safer passage and helpful paths through parks and alleys

circuit line paversgranite paving strips create a uniting graphic across the community, weaving through parks, plazas and alleys

digital technologysmart screen and LED technology cre-ate digital message boards that allow for real-time sharing of information

wired bus stopsbus stops utilize the wireless shar-ing of information, providing real-time bus schedules, digital direction maps, free wireless service and a free device charging station

central parka wireless community and recreation space that acts as a connective fabric from the eastern boundaries of weinland park to the rest of the neighborhood

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3m rehab: green technology center

the 3M building is repurposed as a learning extension of the Godman Guild, utilizing and acting as an example of key green technolo-gies as solar energy, green roofs, and daylight-ing. the building also serves as the anchoring hub to the community-wide public wireless network, weinland wireless, providing free internet access in the various internet parks and plazas throughout the neighborhood.

the centralized, outdoor space in the 3M com-plex provides a contained environment that offers flexible community space for program

such as a farmers market

3M acts as an extension of the Godman Guild learning spaces, providing technological

facilities and resources, while also providing a public-access computer lab

Findlay Market in Cincinnati serves as a precedent for the farmers market program,

in which the market can adapt to year-round climate with transformable indoor-outdoor

space via overhead doors

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community parks network

the strategic plan includes the utilization of currently vacant and abandoned lots for the purpose of creating a network of communitypark typologies that fall under four categories: passive green, horticulture, playground, and internet plaza

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Identifying a lack of accessibility to produce for Weinland Park residents, the group focused on creating an urban oasis for sustainable agriculture, providing residents with a large selection of locally-grown, organic produce.

Weinland Park will transform into a economically viable neighborhood with the creation of numerous, meaningful and rewarding jobs for residents. A litany of jobs will be created with the inclusion of a farmers market, restaurant, distribution centers and growing areas.

With the assistance of community organizations and the Ohio State University educational programs will be created in order to increase the sustainable knowledge of residents and to provide job training for residents.

Weinland Park will become an educational zone for showcasing Urban Agriculture and the latest sustainable techniques. Weinland Park will forge a unique identity as a vibrant community that will serve as a sustainable model for neighborhood revitalization.

Rachael Abramson Jack Boh Nicholas GigliottiHOUSING STOCK IMPROVEMENTS

HOUSING

FARMERS MARKET + RESTAURANT

BUSINESS INCUBATORS

EDUCATIONAL COLLABORATIONS

DISTRIBUTION

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CONNECTIONS

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KEY PRINCIPLES:

1_ Connected - Integrate transit and community services into the neighborhood.

2_ Compact - Each parcel of land is designed with a specific function in mind. Land is not wasted with unnecessary development.

3_ Complete - The neighborhood is a machine for growing. Everything that is needed for daily life is located within the neighborhood.

4_ Convivial - The neighborhood is pleasant to live, work, and visit. A positive neighborhood identity is invented and reinforced by residents of the neighborhood.

5_ Diversity - The neighborhood embraces a diversity in residents, workforce, and visitors. Furthermore, diversity is highly valued.

Agricultural Urbanism is a planning, policy, and design framework that focuses on integrating a wide range of sustainable food system elements into urban planning projects and neighborhoods.

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Goal1_ Increase access to produce.

Strategies2_ Grow produce within the neighborhood.3_ Provide a farmers market and restaurants so residents can incorporate more produce into their diets.4_ Provide self-sustainable housing where residents can grow enough produce for their families.

Goal1_ Increase employment opportunities for Weinland Park residents.

Strategies2_ Revitalize 5th Ave. with business incubators.3_ Educate and train residents for employment of all phases of food production.

ACCESS TO PRODUCE

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES

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Goal1_ Establish a strong, positive neighborhood identity to encourage neighborhood growth.

Strategies2_ Improve housing stock.3_ Develop all phases of food production within the neighborhood.4_ Utilize vacant lots, alley, and public spaces for productive purposes.

Goal1_ Be a model for sustainable neighborhood revitalization.

Strategies2_ Redevelop brownfield sites.3_ Adapt abandoned buildings and vacant lots.4_ Showcase sustainable technology and urban farming.

NEIGHBORHOOD IDENTITY

SUSTAINABLE REVITALIZATION

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INTRODUCTIONBeginning by researching and analyzing the Weinland Park area, we developed an overall neighborhood framework plan and then individually proposed our own schematic intervention. Ultimately, we agreed that the community needed a strengthened identity, which led us to designing a community center.

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weinlandPARK R E S E A R C H D I AG R A M S | N E I G H B O R H O O D S T R AT E G I C P L A N N I N G | CO M M U N I T Y

WHY DIDonly 13% identify as living in Weinland Park?

VISION STATEMENTOur vision for Weinland Park seeks to foster a strong community identity, by inspiring community engagement, social interaction, educational pursuits, and healthy living. The implementation of a community center and other public spaces within the neighborhood supports these goals.

WHY DIDonly 26% express that want to live in Weinland Park in the next five years?

Q u e st i o n s d e r i ve d f ro m S h o e n b a u m Fa m i l y C e nte r We i n l a n d Pa r k S u r vey / S e p te m b e r 2 0 1 0

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COMMERCIAL DISTRICT FORMER UNSAFE AREA> restaurant & social/dining spaces

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> public open spaces (exterior/interior)> auditorium> classrooms> multimedia center (library/computer lab) > gym> swimming pool> basketball court> music studios> art studios> theater

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COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FORMER FACTORY VACANCY> green/social spaces with water & community mural

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After researching a number of factors affecting Weinland Park and developing an overall framework plan, each student from our group individually established a focused strategy. This design features Jonathan Dresss final project.

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Our vision for Weinland Park is a neighborhood with abundant public space where the focus is on pedestrian comfort rather than traffic efficiency. It is a welcoming place where all residents have adequate and safe access to parks, gardens, sidewalks and other pedestrian amenities.

Goals :

a) Expand public gathering spaces by adding parks, plazas, and public gardens throughout the neighborhood, especially to areas that lacked proximity to existing public space.

b) Make the streets less of a barrier to neighborhood movement by redesigning certain streetscapes to create complete streets that lessen the role of the car while emphasizing pedestrian and bicycle access.

c) Create public gateways at key entrances to the neighborhood that present a welcoming public face for Weinland Park and enhance opportunities for local socializing that can function both as destinations for the wider Columbus population and community space for Weinland Park residents.

Jonathan Mosteiro Derek Buell David Jarmus Neil McArthurWEINLAND PARK | RECLAIMING THE PUBLIC GROUND

Distributed along 4th and Summit, these pedestrian crossings (protected by curb bulbouts on 4th) not only provide safer paths across the busy streets but give east-west pedestrian traffic more travel options.

Trading in automoblie street space for wider sidewalks allows existing and potential commer-cial establishments to use the public realm for outdoor dining, street vendors, neighborhood festivals, etc.

Planters and hardscape provide a hierarchy of paths and destinations that create urban rooms that function as vibrant gateways at key circulation junctions around the neigh-

A dedicated bike path along Summit and dedicated bike lanes along most other en-hanced streetscapes are cou-pled with well-placed bike racks to make bicycle transit an im-portant transportation option.

Benches, tables, public art and bus stops inhabit the new streetscapes replacing bulky utility lines, making the streets meaningful parts of the public realm rather than mere paths for cars and pedestrians.

MIDBLOCK CROSSWALK COMMUNITY CENTERWIDER SIDE

GATEWAY PLAZASBICYCLE AMENITIESSTREET FURNITURE

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An interior courtyard that lies at the core of a complex of community focused buildings (mar-ket, art center, recreation, etc.) becomes a central focal point for neighbor-hood interaction.

33 3-STUDIO DESIGN

49% of residents interact on daily basis...but mainly just a simple hello, no incentive to get off the porch and out into the public realm.

Poor condition (or outright lack) of sidewalks and infrequency of crosswalks on major streets denies accessibility to a majority car-less neighborhood.

Generic, cold, pedestrian unfriendly streetscapes leave no impression on outside visitors and potential investors - the neighborhood lacks an identity.

One approach we looked at in more depth was how to improve the streetscapes and make them vital components of the public realm. Currently, Summit and Fourth streets function more like highways funneling traffic through the neighborhood and creating a barrier for East-West pedestrian traffic.

Our strategic streetscape enhancements start with these streets and branch out to engage other public spaces in the area.

EXISTING CONDITIONS

PUBLIC REALM: STREETSCAPES

STREET SECTIONSFOURTH STREET SUMMIT STREET

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3-STUDIO DESIGN 34

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WEST THROUGH: E 5TH AVENUE - FRONT PLAZA - RECREATION FACILITY - E 6TH AVENUE

EAST THROUGH: E 6TH AVENUE - COMMUNITY CENTER - CENTRAL COURTYARD - ENTRANCE PLAZA - E 5TH AVENUE

NORTH THROUGH: N 4TH ST - MARKET - CENTRAL COURTYARD - RECREATION FACILITY - N 5TH STREET

35 3-STUDIO DESIGN

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PUBLIC REALM: GATEWAYS

STREET SECTIONS

Our focus was the creation of connections between Weinland Park and the surrounding communities. From the two selected neighborhood gateway sites, one on High St. to the West and one on 5th Ave. to the South, the project focused on the Southern site at the former 3M site. By formulating a strategic adaptive reuse plan for the site, the existing buildings took on three new roles: a Community Center that focused (1) on the celebration of the arts, (2) a YMCA type Recreation Center, and (3) a Market for both secondhand goods and fresh produce that transformed into a Farmers Market on Sundays, spilling out into the plazas and central courtyard.

VIEW NORTH-EAST

NEW GATEWAY

VIEW SOUTH-EAST

The project created a transportation hub, an entrance plaza a centralized courtyard, and a program of community oriented buildings to create a gateway into the community.

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FRONT ENTRANCE PLAZA AT 5TH

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SECONDARY ENTRANCE AT NORTH 4TH STREET

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The adaptive reuse strategy focused on preserving the history of the site while adding emphasis to key existing traits.

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The Ohio State University Landscape Architecture Team of graduate landscape architecture students led by Professor Jesus J. Lara held a design workshop for the Weinland Park Neighborhood and was facili-tated by Professor Deborah Georg. The design workshop took place at the Schoenbaum Family Center on Saturday October 30th, from 10:30am to 2:30pm.The design workshop was open to the general public and their partici-pation was crucial. The main objective of the landscape architecture team was to get to know local citizens, their needs and concerns, and future views for the neighborhood. The design workshop resulted in a preliminary vision for the future of the neighborhood. Target areas in-cluded four themes: (1) open space and recreation, (2) transportation and mobility, (3) access to fresh food, and (4) green infrastructure.The objectives of the design workshop included (1) obtaining local perspectives of sustainable development, (2) providing vehicles for public participation in the planning and design process, (3) identify-ing design elements that contribute to enhancing the quality of life, and (4) educating and informing local interests about the program. The design workshop provided an opportunity for participation by members of the local community, and it was intended to be an exten-sive exercise in participative planning and design. The purpose was primarily to gather information from groups of people whose ideas and opinions would be valuable to the process of establishing design guidelines. The design workshop is an excellent tool for gathering in-formation during the design process.Following the design workshop, the team returned to the design stu-dio to refine and further develop the design proposals. It was expect-ed that the final workshop proposal would be significantly altered and improved; it still would represent the original intentions conceived in Weinland Park. Throughout the remaining academic quarter, the continuously evolving proposals were reviewed by the Weinland Park civic association, local residents, developers, professional designers and academics in order to ensure the highest possible quality. This finished document was intended to represent a summary of the com-plete design proposal and intends to be a useful tool for the residents of Weinland Park.

DESIGN WORKSHOPThe information gathered in phases one and two greatly prepared students for the third phase of the design studio, a community based design workshop held at the Shoenbaum Family center in the heart of Weinland Park. This was a collaborative effort between KSA staff, landscape studio students, and community residents to further de-termine the positive and negative aspects of neighborhood.

DESIGN WORKSHOP for the WP NEIGHBORHOOD

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SCOPE OF WORKAs part of the design process for Weinland Park Strategic Neigh-borhood Vision, it was crucial to learn about the areas physi-cal form and visual character. The Landscape Architecture team began by researching the way people understand the structure, identity, and appearance of Weinland Park through a Visual Sur-vey/Asset Mapping, and small group discussions with members of the local community. The questions asked during the small group discussion were de-rived from the questions Kevin Lynch asked in his research, but modified for the special circumstances of Weinland Park. This pro-cess was not intended to be a simple survey or a multiple choice test, but a series of open-ended questions and participatory ex-ercises that could lead to conversations with useful insights. The purpose of the questions in this phase were to interpret the ob-jectives of the research, ask the participants to characterize their neighborhood as well as to identify issues and concerns about liv-ing there, and to formulate a specific design criteria that should be the foundation for the proposed Strategic Neighborhood Plan. In addition, participants should be encouraged to draft their designs.

TASKS: Small Group Discussion (community members and stakeholders)Methodology: interviews and small group discussion Note: (Given the available data from previous surveys, the na-ture of the interview questions and group discussion during the meeting with the community meeting were focused on the design specifics of: individual residents, landowners/stakeholders, and getting ideas that contributed to the development of themes/concepts for the Strategic Neighborhood Plan).Sample Interview Questions: (more questions were added after a class group discussion, but the number of questions did not ex-ceed 4 to 6 in order to allow time for interactive group discussion and encourage participants to draw their ideas).Suppose I were visiting Weinland Park from out of town, and I had never been here before. What place would you take me to in order to show me what you think the real Weinland Park is like? Can you describe what the place is like?What would you like to see this area become? Come up with your vision for your neighborhood. What would you like it to be?What do you like about it now? What do you not like about it? Identified things that you would like to changed.What are some of the elements or qualities making this area unique and that you would like to see further explore and inte-grate into the neighborhood?Jot down five elements or the type of services that you would like to see as part of the neighborhood? What makes a socially cohesive community? What improves or maintains the quality of life in this community?

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STREET INTERVIEW SUMMARY During the Weinland Park Community Design Workshop, certain team members decided to gain additional feedback from the neigh-borhood by engaging in impromptu street interviews. This allowed for a greater community consensus and supported the vision of a more holistic neighborhood plan. Three teams took to the streets of Weinland Park on the morning of Saturday, October 30th with maps, digital cameras, and video cameras in hand to document the process. They concentrated on high traffic and density areas to gain as much additional feedback as possible from the community to add to the information gained back at the Schoenbaum Family Center. Study locations included the Columbus Metropolitan Library on High Street and Euclid Avenue, Kroger Grocery also on High and Euclid, Weinland Park on Summit Street and 7th Avenue, and various resi-dences along Summit Street, 4th Street, and 5th Avenue. Interviewees were asked specific questions after giving permission

to team members to document their comments. Questions includ-ed Where in the Weinland Park community do you live?, What Aspects do you like about the neighborhood?, What aspects of the neighborhood do you feel need improvement?, and What types of elements, programs, or policies do you feel could benefit these areas in need? Areas of interest included improvement of streetscapes and pedestrian access along Summit and 4th Streets. In addition, repurposing the areas to reduce crime around 4th Street and 8th Avenue, Indianola and 8th Avenue, and along 5th Street was of particular concern. Some residents specified amenities such as an internet caf, recreational center, bowling alley, and communi-ty pool to be added to the neighborhood. Finally, a trash clean-up program, and redesigning the current plan for a housing develop-ment along Grant Avenue. Comments were documented and later compiled into digital map format for a more straightforward, visual representation.

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METHODOLOGYSketch mapping and subsequent transfer to topographic map. Staged resource mapping has its roots in cognitive mapping, participatory research methods and new development in geo-graphic information systems. It is a method that allows commu-nity members to identify, locate and classify past and present occurrences, distribution, use, tenure and access, and to reveal the significance the participants attachment to them.Sample activities: Identify and prioritize with the community critical resource needs that contribute to the design needs of the neighborhood that come out of the small group discussions. Draw the boundaries of areas most familiar to them.Identify the location and quality of resources, services, land-marks, routes and their usage within their identified area.Identify barriers to accessing services, or other physical ele-ments that inhibit social cohesion and quality of life.

PRODUCTIONPhase 1: As stated in the introduction, one the objectives of the design workshop is identifying design elements that contrib-ute to enhancing the quality of life in the neighborhood, while providing a vehicles for public participation in the planning and design process.

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INTRODUCTIONPhase 4 presents a Masterplan Vision for better accessibility and safety in Weinland park. The plan represents the culmi-nation of site analysis and inventory work done in Phase 1, data collection and precedent studies collected in Phase 2 and community input gained through the Design Workshop during Phase 3. Together, information compiled during the previous studies have informed a vision which works to improve the ef-ficiency, safety and accessibility of residents living in the Wein-land Park neighborhood.

The plan is comprised of a multi-layered proposal which ad-dresses specific issues related to accessibility and safety study topics. While working to expand existing transportation op-tions and enhance the connectivity of mobility solutions for Weinland Park. The first element of the accessibility and safety plan is new comple streets network along Third and Fourth Streets as well as the 3.5 miles of alleyways within the neigh-borhood. The second piece of the plan is an improved mass transit system, the third system element is a proposed bicycle network. The forth and final system is a series of improved pedestrian connections - connecting the other elements of the plan at the pedestrian level.

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ACCESSIBILITY + SAFETY MASTERPLAN

Complete Streets Complete Alleys

STREETS

TRANSIT

BICYCLE

PEDESTRIAN

Existing COTA RouteImproved Transit-StopsProposed Circulator Route

Bicycle RoutesSafe-Routes for Kids

Improved Pedestrian Connections

Reduce pedestrian hazards, improve visibility, provide multi-modal transit

The Vision Masterplan consists of a four-level network of improved street, mass transit, bicycle and pedestrian systems which expand mobility options and improve safety in Weinland Park.

SAFETY:

Provide connective routes to existing nodes - promote development of new nodes through sustainable transitACCESSIBILITY: Minimize travel times, maximize street space and modal opportunitiesEFFICIENCY:

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Phase 3 involved a Saturday morning design charrette with resi-dents of the Weinland Park community. This was an effort to get a real world response to our previous findings, which were conducted mainly through on site investigations and research. The following are conclusions we can draw from the design charrette that are per-tinent to Green Infrastructure:

Green Spaces: Re-program Weinland Park and other vacant lots into more dynamic green spaces which include a c t i v i -ties, recreation centers, and water features integrated with natural on-site landscapes.

3M Site: Re-use the 3M site as a more productive open space which may accomodate famers market, possible agriculture space, and food service.

Energy: Apply renewable energy to Weinland Parks housing and public spaces to lower utility bills.

LEARNING FROM THE COMMUNITY

Figure 1. Concept: The Green Grid Figure 2. Green Corridors + Surfaces Figure 3. Distribution of Stormwater Figure 4. Site Scale: 3M

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The Green Grid is a concept that uses Weinland Parks exist-ing urban grid as a means to distribute available on-site natural resources throughout the neighborhood. The urban form be-comes a conduit for not only physical movement of people and vehicles, but also for on-site natural resource collection and conveyance.

This program promotes:

1_ The implementation and growth of low-impact, low-mainte-nance vegetated green corridors and surfaces at a street scale, a neighborhood block scale, and a community-wide scale.

2_ The collection and distribution of green energy resources, including solar and geothermal technologies, at an individual building scale, street scale, and a community-wide scale.

3_ The interaction of social and ecological environments by maintaining vegetated bioswales as a buffer between pedestri-an an vehicular traffic, and introducing recreation spaces that also function as stormwater retention cells.

The Green Grid poses as a community-wide concept that is scalable to a city block, a single street, and a single home. In the following pages, we will discuss each scale in greater detail.

Stormwater retention and remediation is the most important feature in the Green Grid masterplan. In Phase I, we learned that Weinland Parks aquifers have an extremely low yield. In order to recharge the water table, Weinland Park needs to be-come more permeable. A combination of soil amending and redirecting surface stormwater towards designated retention zones would bring a great amount of ecological benefit to the neighborhood. With ecological benefits, come social benefits. Once the soils have been improved and surface stormwater is retained and distributed throughout the neighborhood, a sys-tem of green corridors and surfaces can be implemented, and easily supported with low demand for outside resources.

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Figure 1. Concept: The Green Grid Figure 2. Green Corridors + Surfaces Figure 3. Distribution of Stormwater Figure 4. Site Scale: 3M

47 3-STUDIO DESIGN

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[Existing State of Mobility in Weinland Park]

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SAFETY + ACCESSIBILITYWe analyzed four modal systems of transportation and mobility within Weinland Park: [1] the Automobile, [2] Mass Transit, [3] Bicycle, and the [4] Pedestrian. Analysis consisted of an inventory of existing conditions, facili-ties and trends, as well as a more detailed study of physical and perceptual obstacles. In this section, each of the four modal subjects are presented individually and then re-examined in the conclusion, revealing structural issues which maintain undesirable transportation and mobility conditions within the Neighborhood and the city of Columbus at large.

Initial observations of the neighborhood revealed clear physical barriers to resident mobility. Many of which were physical - poor sidewalk conditions, high vehicular speed and volumes, low frequency bus transit and non-exis-tent bicycle infrastructure. However, before examining these infrastructur-al deficiencies, it was necessary to survey the non-physical site conditions within the neighborhood. These included financial obstacles such as park-ing tickets, drivers license renewal fees, and priority of utilities bills, which hinder residents mobility and access to goods and services.

According to the Weinland Park Neighborhood Survey conducted by the Schoenbaum Family Center, October 2010, 48% of residences do not have access to a personal vehicle (Weinland Park Survey: Schoenbaum Family Center 2010). This statistic counters the City of Columbuss car oriented infrastructure and highlights an immediate mobility disparity within Wein-land Park. By privileging the car as the preferred form of transportation over such alternatives as walking, biking and public transportation, the City of Columbus has placed those living below the poverty line at a mobility disadvantage.

This studys aim is to advocate for more sustainable and equitable mobil-ity options for this 48%, considering the almost impossible expectation to maintain employment without access to reliable transportation. This study also hopes to improve the overall health and safety of the neighborhood by expanding mobility alternatives to the 52% of Weinland residents who have access to an automobile.

Physical analysis of the neighborhood was initiated through mapping the four modal subjects to determine modal reach within ten minute intervals. This mapping technique illustrates inequalities of access across the city of Columbus from Weinland Park. The Weinland Park Elementary served as the center point for these radial studies.

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Kirk Hiatt, MLA IBased on data supplied by the Schoenbaum Family Center we know that 52% of the population has no access to a vehicle and that there is a 32% unemployment rate. Social and economic barriers keep individuals from gaining employment which in turn affects their abilities to purchase foods, goods as well as pay their rent or mortgages. A cheap alternative mode of transportation is needed for the community. Based on our earlier studies of mobility we discovered that bicycle access greatly improves ones ability to get around the city. It is a cheap and reliable solution to the transportation problem and particularly feasible for Weinland Park because of its proximity to three arterial roads which run through it (High St., Summit St., North 4th St.) and the railroad corridor which runs North and South along its Eastern boarders.

All four of these routes can be outfitted for bike travel. Here we are pitching that the rail line be outfitted with a bike trail. The decision was based on the needs of the community who already use this rail line (illegally) to access food/goods (Aldi + Lowes) as well as the inherent opportunities to connect the community directly with downtown and other neighborhoods. One longtime resident of Weinland Park, an African American woman in her fifties, expressed just how important this corridor is to the community saying that every time a fence is put up people break them down and continue to use this path rather than walk along the street.

When asked about the precarious setting of placing a bike trail next to an active rail line her response was that she had been traveling this railroad since she was a little girl and that had been without a proper path, barrier or lighting and to her the sounds of the train are as gentle and rolling as the oceans. She expressed that this is something that the community could really use and would use if they are not already doing so.

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An individuals access to fresh fruits and vegetables is vital to physi-cal and mental well-being. Families and friends gather around a table for special occasions and daily meals alike, making the food we eat an integral part of our culture and how we identify ourselves. As the issue of food security becomes a national focus, the division between affluent and low income communities has become apparent in the availability and variety of fresh produce. Community gardens, farmers markets, and specialty stores are hallmarks of neighborhoods where there are few barriers to education, transportation, and cost which prevent access to these amenities in Weinland Park. When individuals feel more connected to their environment, they value themselves and the neighborhood as a rich commodity.

Like many urban neighborhoods on the periphery of a major city, Weinland Park has seen a down-turn in its economic climate in the last twenty years. Its largest demographic are women under the age of 21 with at least one child, while chil-dren under the age of 10 make up 23% of the population. Understanding nutrition and healthy food choices starts at young age, which puts this community in a great position for educational programs. Almost half the population is currently below the Federal Poverty Line and the unemploy-ment rate is 23% (more than twice the state aver-age). In recent years, the term food desert has been used to describe low-income neighborhoods with limited access to fresh, affordable, nutritious foods. Weinland Park could easily be described as such.

While many residents may not live within walking distance to a grocery store, there are many con-venience stores scattered throughout the neigh-borhood. Most of the profits in these stores come from the sale of soda, frozen foods, beer, and ciga-rettes. Some stores have a reasonable selection of canned goods, although sell at about double the price of their grocery store counterparts. The only fresh produce sold are potatoes and onions in Kellys Carryout. Convenience stores are a vital part of the social life of residents, and for this rea-son, pose as a viable resource for vending of fresh produce.

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% Population Unemployed

% Population Enrolled in Pre-school or Elem.

% Population Female and With At Least One Child

% Population Over 25 yo With High School Degree

% Weinland Elem. Students Reading at Grade Level

% Weinland Elem. Students Math Skills at Grade level

CALORIES

HEALTHMONEY

SAFETY

Recent studies of Weinland Park have shown that although some residents may live within walking distance of a grocery store, they prefer to shop at convenience stores. They are used as a place to connect with neighbors, something that is missing from the experience of a large chain grocery store. Almost all shops are owned by local residents, which strengthen this con-nectivity as well as the local economy.

Nation-wide, Americans are struggling with obesity, diabetes, and heart disease due to lifestyle choices and lack of access to proper nutrition. Weinland Park is no exception. With a high population of young mothers and children, education plays an important role in food choices and well as preparation.

Weinland Park has a staggeringly high Infant Mortality Rate (16.4 deaths per 1000 live births; more than twice the states IMR) which is related to poor nutrition and health access. New programs are being introduced to help pregnant women and children learn healthy habits as well as how to grow and har-vest their own foods. There are several educational programs currently provided at the Schoenbaum Family Center. The in-creased social awareness, planned residential development, and highly organized community meetings within Weinland Park provide a necessary foundation to shape a highly produc-tive and expandable food network within the neighborhood.

Weinland Park is a neighborhood in which almost half of the population lives below the Federal Poverty Line, leading to many problems typically seen in low-income communities related to food consumption. In general, less nutrition food is less expensive which leads to an unhealthy diet, and eventually puts citizens at greater risk for obesity, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, and other related diseases. The neighborhood has a high population of females, and females with at least one child, making young mothers and children a target audience for programs and education.

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ACCESS TO FRESH FOODA New Look for a Convenient Place

DESIGN INTERVENTION

Scale 1=40 N

OUTDOOR SPACE

NIGHT CONDITION SEASONALITY

ACCESS TO FRESH FOOD WEINLAND PARK DESIGN STUDIOLARCH 750, AU 2010Professor JESUS J. LARA,Board compiled by: Jim Melka

Legend

Sidewalks

Crosswalks

Green space

Main Roads

Plant buffer

D&J Carryout

Curb

Parking

Loading Zone

Existing Residences

Vendor Space

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Street Front Courtyard

Multi-use open space

4TH STREET SECTION

WIDER SIDEWALKS ACT AS POTENTIAL ACTIVITY SPACES

DESIGNATED STREET PARKING LANE DOUBLES AS BIKE PATH

MAINTAIN TWO LANE TRAFFICVEHICULAR TRAFFIC FOR COMMERCIAL BENEFITS


DESIGN INTERVENTION

Scale 1=40 N

OUTDOOR SPACE



Legend

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WIDER SIDEWALKS ACT AS DESIGNATED STREET PARKING MAINTAIN TWO LANE TRAFFICPOTENTIAL ACTIVITY SPACES LANE DOUBLES AS BIKE PATH VEHICULAR TRAFFIC FOR COMMERCIAL BENFITS

DESIGN INTERVENTION


DESIGN INTERVENTION

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Legend

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A NEW LOOK FOR A CONVENIENT PLACE

Jim Melka, MLA IConvenience stores are a staple aspect of the Weinland Park community. Many residents have negative feelings about the convenience stores in the neighborhood due to their unlawful behavior and reputation as locations of violence. However, these corner stores are some of the most frequently visited establishments since they are in such high numbers and make it easier for many residents to purchase food by accepting food stamps. Unfortunately, healthy and affordable food choices are uncommon in convenience stores. In addition, they do not exude an inviting and social atmosphere, which can be explained by a variety of characteristics. Improvement of the physical appearance of the corner stores in Weinland Park, as well as the surrounding area, could drastically change the way residents shop for food and view these establishments as commercial nodes and social centers. Starting a redevelopment project for the local convenience stores in Weinland Park required 1) studying the current condition of an existing establishment 2) defining major design criteria 3) research relevant precedence and 4) creating visual representation of the new design criteria. D & J Carryout was chosen as the study condition and redesign template due to its central location in the neighborhood and high use among residents. However, design strategies were based on the idea of reuse for other local stores. Major design criteria included improving circulation and access around the stores, pulling activity out onto the street, making the building permeable, and developing adjacent alleyways as alternative paths. Following analysis of the current conditions of D&J and relevant precedence, a design intervention was created including plan view, section, and perspective graphics techniques. These techniques were used to illustrate the benefits of a safe and usable environment that takes into account both temporal and seasonal aspects of space.

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OPEN SPACE INVENTORY

In urban neighborhoods like Weinland Park, the density of development produces a landscape that is developmentally built out. Unlike suburban or rural landscapes where patches and swaths of un-built green land buffer developments, urban landscapes harbor small, sometimes scattered pieces of open space. In the city, space is scarce. Therefore, any public space (street, sidewalk, vacant lot, plaza) can be considered an extension of open space. The quality and performance of these spaces are integral to a neighborhoods quality of life and overall health.

Given the density, urban development analysis must be a thorough, carefully observant process. The city is a dynamic space which requires dissecting a site with many methods. During the infancy of our study we set out to gather information in hopes to tell a clear story about open space and recreation. In order to gain this deep understanding, our analysis is split into two phases. The first phase is a qualitative inventory and analysis the Second phase a quantitative data analysis. During this phase our team collectively visited the site 19 different times.

Traversing the site on foot, by bike and in the car, we set out each time to observe and record the neighborhood through the lens of open space and recreation.

We took pictures of current park conditions and shot images of children playing football in the street. We collected an inventory of street trees and street lights. In addition, we spent some time inside the existing parks, taking note of attendance and usage. While we focused on the existing park spaces, we spent just as much time outside the parks borders noting recreation activity and general public space use. Conclusively we obtained a great sense of how open space is used to recreate, socialize and live in the neighborhood.

Weinland Park currently enjoys four distinct park locations within its half mile square borders. In all practicality, the park spaces are easily accessed in a short 5 minute walk. Outside a convenient walk are the following nearby parks; Thompson (10 min walk), the OSU Oval (15 min) and Goodale (20 min). Also within a 30 min walk is the Olentangy Bike Path.

Developed Land 61%

Allocated Green Space 3%

Vacated Land 14%

Street/Alley/Sidewalk 22%

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FOUR DEGREES OF PUBLIC SPACE Space and recreation are an integral part of a healthy communi-ty. Understanding how people interact with their environments is imperative for any design initiative. In order to gain a funda-mental inventory and awareness of the Weinland Park commu-nity, we have broken down Open Space and Recreation into four degrees of public space.

COMPARISON Weinland Parks name obviously evokes a community that ap-pears closely entwined with open space and recreation. While the moniker comes from the park at its center, an abundance of park space is not the neighborhoods reality. Comparing

Weinland Parks open space to other local communities, it is clear that open space is seemingly insufficient. For instance, Clin-tonville offers 474 square feet of park space per person, while Weinland Park provides a meager 55 square feet per person.

While some may argue Weinland Park is no different than any other dense urban neighborhood of Columbus, it is important to remember the socioeconomic realities. Unlike other neighbor-hoods where affluence and mobility are assumed, poverty and public transportation are realities of Weinland Park. Here some residents lack the time, money or means to visit distant recre-ational facilities of the metro area.

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Weinland Park186 total acres6.1 park acres

4,807 residents6.1 park acres

Open Space + Recreation

Clintonville3,074 total acres202.2 park acres


Bexley1,552 total acres136.3 park acres


Dublin12,575 total acres740 park acres

38,050 residents740 park acres

55 sq ft per person

314 sq ftper person

474 sq ftper person

848 sq ft of park landper person

6% park lands

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CULTURAL CORRIDORJamie Pujol, MLA IThe design proposal for Weinland Park community is based on an East-West corridor. Based on the previous survey, mapping and analysis phases it is clear that the community lacks a safe pedestrian corridor that serves as link between the residential, institutional and recreational spaces. The corridor is composed of two very distinctive sections, both centered and connected by Weinland Park itself.

The first section is based on a street enhancement component. This portion of the project offers the construction of sidewalks, tree plantings and street furnishings such as benches and lights. The second section is West of the park and it suggests an urban street typology. This component argues for the closure of 6th street with the intent to generate a space that is flexible through the seasons and the needs of the community. In addition, this urban plaza will also hold the center piece for the entire corridor, a new recreational center. The proposed rec center is proposed for the vacant property located at the intersection of Indianola and 6th street.

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Weinland Park is directly adjacent to the east of the Ohio State Universitys South Campus Gateway district in the city of Co-lumbus, Ohio. In terms of green infrastructure, which is usu-ally defined within a hydrological framework, Weinland Park sits within the Upper Scioto Watershed. In addition to very low groundwater availability, stormwater is managed with a system of separated and combined sewers that ultimately con-tribute to higher levels of pollution. Beyond regional and site hydrology, Weinland Park has mainly poor draining soils sus-ceptible to runoff, so there is a need for on-site amendment or importing healthier soils from off-site. The potential for solar energy collection and reuse is high, and with proper infrastruc-ture, could be a viable resource.

These three elements are essential to reconnecting the gap that currently exists between the socio and ecological networks in Weinland Park. Through a system of green corridors and surfac-es, these resources will be used to catalyze this re-connectivity within the neighborhood and to adjacent communities.

Number of Sunny Days Per Year

Columbus Sunshine Compared to US Average

Weinland Parks Solar Potential

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The electricity Columbus is using today comes largely from coal-fired power plants. This type of energy source generates air pollution, intensifies global warming and also drains the finance of the city. Green energy, on the other hand, is clean, reliable, abundant and safe energy. By using green energy, we can pro-tect the environment and strengthen the economy.

Among all types of green energy solar energy, wind energy, biomass, geothermal solar energy has the most significant potential to be developed in Columbus. Columbus has approxi-mately 72 sunny days (excluding partly sunny day) per year with 1208.5W/m2 average daily solar incidence. The total acreage of Weinland Park is 205 acres, and the available hard surface for

solar energy equipment is about 140 acres. Just the surface area of the Weinland Park Elementary/Schoenbaum Center receives enough solar energy per day to significantly reduce the commu-nitys energy footprint.

The utilization of solar energy in Weinland Park could bring sig-nificant benefits to local residents. The potential development of solar energy production will not only help residents save money on electricity, but also provide significant job opportunity. Since there is no solar energy based (community) precedent within Columbus, this activity would certainly make the neighborhood stand out among the Columbus communities.

Depicting possible solar panel locations on existing homes

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AERIAL PERSPECTIVE OF PARK

STORM WATER GARDEN PERSPECTIVE

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SLOPE ANALYSIS + CONNECTIVITY

PERMEABLE AREA

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COLUMBUS COATED FABRICS SITEJack Rosenberger, MLA IIThe Columbus Coated Factory site, located along the eastern boundary of the Weinland Park neighborhood, is a great location to apply the Green Grid concept discussed in Phase IV. The sites virtual emptiness can be viewed as a unprecedented opportunity to implement a series of green corridors that collect, clean and circulate stormwater: the main goal of my individual study. In this case, the grid will centripetally convey stormwater towards a common point: a pond located at the center of the new development. Green space in and around the park will promote a more native selection of plants to attract wildlife, and be moderate to low maintenance to avoid expenses for upkeep.

Other goals for the new development focus on social aspects. Housing, recreation, commercial and institutional development will be supplied using a layout similar to a typical regional mall. This will be accomplished by anchoring a mixed-use zone along the 5th Avenue corridor, and an institutional zone comprising of a health clinic and a non-denominational church on the northern end of the site to service residents. New development will be tied into the rest of Weinland Park by repeating the existing street grid pattern, using similar architecture, and opening up to multiple modes of transportation. Through all this, the new development can stand alone as a unique section of Weinland Park, but still be inclusive to the rest of the neighborhood.

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FREE DESIGN CLINIC

As an opportunity to meet community members

sense of the requirements and demands within the community.

the community. Throughtout the quarter, several -

hood allowed students to collect a working prelimi-nary knowledge of the nees and challenges they would be addressing.

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luTHE POWER OF VIDEO IN DESIGN

Video played an integral role in the communica-tion of ideas throughout the studio. Students first learned various animating techniques and a new video editing platform through the research of the site and relevant precedents.

As their own projects were formed, further anima-tions provided a framework for the narrative to be told and for a virtual experience of the proposed building. This tool of design is easily reproduced and accessed digitally, offering a powerful new connection to the community.

By including final video representation of research and project ideas in gallery exhibitions and post-ing on navigable web search engines, this virtual Weinland Park is available to an expanded audi-ence.

These videos are referred to later in individual projects, however indicated above are a few links students posted to youtube.

Weinland Farm__Stephanie Haywardhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxEwmGj5bOs

Library Homes__Emma Cuciurean-Zapanhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=14nCyKduRes&feature=related

Incubation__Marcos Rodriguezhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lHPmRUzOIg&feature=related

Food Options in WP__Stephanie Haywardhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vvuvVesppio&feature=related

Housing Types__Emma Cuciurean-Zapanhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TB1SncZtOCw&feature=related

Socioeconomic Urbanism__Kyle Schneiderhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-nH4l2JABU

Section 8 Redistribution__Nick Bruckelmeyerhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9G1yMgz-iaM&feature=related

Crime Mapping__Marcos Rodriguezhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DANKINDeggg&feature=related

ACCESS Collaborative__Marcela Santos/Figueirahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4VuWbZvufA&feature=related

Traffic Within Weinland__Jonathan Leonardhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BbztWKoEh-0&feature=email

Driving By: Weinland Park__Marcela Santoshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4VuWbZvufA&feature=related

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ARTIST VILLAGEAlthough many parties are currently involved in developing the future of Weinland Park, nine have considered the potential of art to transition the economy and culture of the area.

Across the United States, artistic spaces have given industrial and low income areas new identities and new self-sustaining economies. The Artist Village proposed for Weinland Park uses an economic model at the basis of its design and intends to allow for a smooth transition into a full capacity art colony, taking 5 to 10 years after initial construction is completed.

The artists colony is initially composed of efficient double apartments. Each sits atop a personal workspace and gallery on the ground level. The public layer on the ground foor facilitates artistic collaboration and community experiences. The urban street experience is brought into a secure, maintained area to which all the resident artists belong, and by extension the residents of the greater community can enjoy.

Over time, as the village becomes more successful, it will attract more visitors from the neighborhood and beyond. Phased designs allows for expansion as necessary. A flexible vine canopy is extended over the additional phases to reinforce the whole. As money and demand in-crease, the architecture can grow and take shape with the ideas of the artists coming into the colony.

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WEINLAND PARK LEARNING CENTERThe learning center is a place of guidance + support for people of a variety of ages that are at different educational levels. A living com-munity for single parent families + those in transition plugs into the learning center to provide a direct connection between education + living while a close knit community is able to develop in support of one another.

Housing lines Hamlet Street, wraps the corner onto 8th Avenue and becomes more dynamic as the formal modularity of the street fades. The living community relates to the learning center on the urban edge to create a dialogue between neighborhood + city.

A system of raised sidewalks + porches connect the residential units in the living community; a systematic element which references the front-porch lined streets of Weinland Park. The network allows for residents to interact in a semi-private state while having an

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