ribosomes & endoplasmic reticulum.. ribosomes made of ribosomal rna and protein synthesized by...
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RIBOSOMES & ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
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Ribosomes
Made of ribosomal RNA and protein Synthesized by nucleolus of
cell Proteins from cytoplasm are
brought to nucleus and made with rRNA into large and small subunits of ribosomes
Subunits leave the nucleus and assemble into ribosomes
Carry out protein synthesis
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Ribosomes Cont.
Two Types Bound ribosomes
Most proteins made here function in the cytosol
Free ribosomes Most proteins
made here are for excretion, insertion into membranes, or packaging in other organelles
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Endoplasmic: “within the cytoplasm”
Reticulum: “little net” An organelle in
eukaryotic cells that is an extensive network of membranes
ER consists of cisternae (network of membranous tubules)
Two types of ER: SMOOTH and ROUGH
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SMOOTH ER
Tasks: synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, detoxification of drugs and proteins, and storage of calcium ions
Named “smooth” because of the lack of ribosomes
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ROUGH ER
Cells that secrete proteins produced by ribosomes attach to the ER
“rough” because it is studded with ribosomes
Makes secretory proteins, also is a membrane factory for the cell – it grows by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its own membrane