ricci piper
TRANSCRIPT
Ricci Piper
Building Information Modelling 2013 Summit: 26-27 August 2013
Sydney, Australia
Successful Project Management of BIM
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Agenda
What is the role of the Project Manager in the BIM process?
How can Project Managers manage the design and construction process for the delivery of successful BIM requirements?
What are the top 10 BIM-related tips for Project Managers?
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My role
It is my job as a client-side consultant / project manager:
understand my client’s drivers and expectation
guide them in areas which are not their strength
ensure successful delivery by the team
understand the capacity of the team
lead the team to a successful outcome
facilitate innovation and achievement
educate and communicate to the wider industry
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“…the term ‘Total Architecture’ implies that all
relevant design decisions have been considered
together…. integrated into a whole by a well
organised team empowered to fix priorities.”
Sir Ove Arup, The Key Speech, 1970
why do I need to know about this?
7 Image copyright: www.ccrc.unsw.edu.au
We only have one planet earth
8 Image copyright: http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/gfn/page/world_footprint/
We only have finite resources
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Construction industry productivity is declining
over the last 40 years…. pro
duct
ivit
y
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The current challenges in the design and delivery process….
Communication errors and loss of project information
25-30% of cost - splitting up processes/ bad communication
Information is re-entered on average 7 times before handover
Information is re-created several times by different software
Design and construction is only a small part of the lifecycle cost!
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Planning Conceptual
Design
Detailed
Design Construction
Operation
and Management
Da
ta, in
form
ati
on
, K
no
wle
dg
e
Traditional
Process
Lifecycle Information
Management
Lifecycle Information Management
what are the fundamentals from a Project Management point of view?
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Gestalt’s Theory
It’s a process……
Building Information Modelling
Building Information Modelling
Built environment
Building Information Modelling
Built environment
Asset
Building Information Modelling
Built environment
Asset
Building Information Modelling
Built environment
Asset
Management
BIM =
Single point of truth
BIM facilitates
Strategic Asset Management
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Is this Nirvana?
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“A building information model is a 3D object database that
can be easily visualised, has rich data and structured
information”
Building Information Model (BIM)
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Building Information Modelling (BIM)
“The process of generating and managing building data throughout a building’s lifecycle”
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Why Building Information Modelling (BIM)?
Tangible benefits from BIM (when applied correctly) in projects:
Up to 40% elimination of unbudgeted change
Cost estimation accuracy within 3%
Up to 80% time reduction to generate a cost estimate
Up to 10% savings of contract value from clash detections
Up to 7% reduction in project time
*A study of 32 major projects, Stanford University Centre for Integrated Facilities Engineering
http://www.stanford.edu/group/CIFE/
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Building Information Modelling Process
LOD
100
LOD
200
LOD
300
LOD
500
LOD
400 BRIEF
DATA
Spatial &
Functional
Briefing
Concept
Massing
(sqm rate)
Schematic Design
(Systems Modelled)
Traditional
Tender/Contract
Docs
SUPPLIER MODELS
(for fabrication)
ASSET
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
PROJECT MODELLING & PROGRESSIVE ASSET DATA COLLECTION
Ops & Maintenance
Model/s
DESIGN INTENT
BIM CONSTRUCTION
BIM
FM
BIM BRIEF
It isn’t a future trend – its
happening now
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A lot more talk about BIM in the last 12-18 months
A movement to mandate BIM for all Federal Government projects by 1 July 2016
A movement to encourage State Governments to align with Federal plans
BuildingSMART group
Natspec National BIM Guide
BIM Implementation in Australia
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The issue
BIM-wash
BIM jargon
Why is BIM going to help my business?
..the consultants and contractors are doing it anyway…
as a client I want outputs to match my needs as well.
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*BIM Maturity Model from Australia’s CRC for Construction Innovation, National Digital Modelling Guidelines (2009).
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Understanding the transition
Manual
draughfting
CAD
Computer Aided Draughfting
BIM
Building Information Modelling
Manual Computerised version
of manual
3D geometry + Data
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Collaboration = A multi-disciplinary environment that brings together all the parties that design, construct and operate a facility, suggesting a new model of procurement:
Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)
Frameworks for collaboration
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Collaboration - Information Exchange
Implementation in the Australian
context
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BIM Implementation in Australia
The Architectural, Engineering and Construction industry = 12% of Australia’s total economic production
Employs 1/8 of Australia’s workforce
The BEIIC (Built Environment Industry Innovation Council) study in 2011 concluded that the widespread adoption of BIM on projects would result in not only cleaner, healthier buildings but could save owners up to 10% on the cost of their building.
*(Wheeldon, 2011)
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Who is the driving force?
Whilst the government and building owners/ operators have the most to gain from BIM implementation…….
It is the designers and engineers (and associated industry leaders) who are currently driving adoption in Australia.
*(Chew, 2012)
..still we seem to be slow on the
up-take!
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Why is Australia so slow on the BIM uptake?
BIM is a ‘paradigm shift’ from the current state of
a disjointed construction industry to where all
‘players’, whilst acting independently, must think of
their role, products and services as part of a system
and not as individual fragmented disciplines or silos
The shift
* (Pramod Reddy, 2012) (Salcedo, 2012) (Smith & Tardif, 2009) (Gu & London, 2010).
Use available resources to
understand the processes
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The Australasian context
*All images copyright to web page authors
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Global best-practice information
*All images copyright to web page authors
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Case Study: Health Infrastructure (NSW)
*All images courtesy of Health Infrastructure (NSW Government)
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Process Controls
BIM Policy What has been done and why
BIM Strategy How the BIM strategy has been developing and a plan moving
forward
BIM Requirements Clear requirements (that meet client needs) for consultants and
contractors
BIM Management Plan A bespoke management plan template for project execution
Sets the BIM ‘culture’ for the project
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Client Requirements
Key Drivers - why
Expected outcomes
Outputs / deliverables / amount of detail
Information exchange – IFC
Auditing / checking
Contractual framework
NOT to limit consultant/contractor innovation or processes
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Management Plans
Team document
Set all expectations
Collaboration framework
Who, what, when, how…
Protocols for information exchange
BY the team FOR the team
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Do we have the right team structure?
Understand your position
Everyone is on the same journey
Communicate, open up the conversation
Try to understand each other
Remember – no single person will know everything
Yes, you can review without
being a software guru
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Performance
Components
Spaces
Materials
Occupancy
Parametrics
Geometry Analysis
Simulation
Compliance
Exploration
Optimisation
Inputs Outcomes
The model database
collects the inputs and
enables the outcomes
Operation
Maintenance
BIM Tools - Modelling Process explained
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BIM Tools
BIM Tools are the software packages used to create the
outputs which satisfy the BIM deliverables
Tools / software create 2 classes of files:
• Native file (data manipulation)
- Revit, ArchiCad etc.. 3D modelling packages
- Interrogate data and use for own purpose
- Quantities, export to other packages, staging, programming etc…
• Reference files (read-only)
- Navisworks (or similar) 3D viewer
- For non-technical people to review models
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Being clear on BIM Deliverables
Once we understand the required OUTCOMES…
BIM Deliverables are what we require as outputs from the
BIM models/databases
These deliverables can mean different things to different
parties.
Some deliverables are mandated in contract documents,
others are as required to complete other tasks (maybe
specific to one discipline).
Simple
…right?
What are the objectives again?
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Macleamy curve
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Information gathering
Image sourced from: http://www.wbdg.org/bim/nibs_bim.php
What does that really mean?
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CAD Design Stage
BIM Design Stage
Conce
pt
Des
ign
Traditional Stages – Different timeframes
Scheme
Design
Design
Development Contract Documentation
Concept
Design Scheme Design Design Development
Contract
Documentation
Model Maps – Information Exchange
So it’s not all about data & software…
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Barriers and challenges to BIM implementation
Global research* shows that barriers/challenges include:
Adapting existing workflows
Additional training requirements
Technology - understanding and ability to use technology
Collaboration required between disciplines
Understanding of newly defined roles and responsibilities
Ambiguity in requirements
Overcoming change resistance
*(Arayici et al, 2010) (Yan & Damian, 2008) (Holzer, 2011)
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Barriers and challenges to BIM implementation
Research concludes: Studies focused on technology adoption found that BIM
implementation is just as much about the people and process issues
Main obstacles are in the old work processes and conservative approaches
Successful change management strategies need to be implemented to get rid of any resistance to change
i.e. It is as much about making sure people understand what you are doing and are happy with it, as much as it is important to get the process done.
*(Arayici et al, 2010) (Kivinemi, 2009) (Arayici et al, 2010)
Change
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What does change mean?
The brain likes safety and security
When something changes, the brain records an error and goes on high alert.
Since the brain tends to err on the side of caution or negativity, it’s likely that the first response will be a threat response and resistance until that response can be replaced.
This may come in the form of memories of previous experiences where the outcome was not so great and people become resistant or display a lack of trust.
Trust = C x I R
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How do we learn to trust the team?
Understand your position
Everyone is on the same journey
Communicate, open up the conversation
Try to understand each other
Remember – no single person will know everything
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Understanding our behaviour - Motivation
….Incentive is the key?
Hygiene factors Basic amenity to perform – removes dissatisfaction and
distraction – getting someone to a state of engagement
Intrinsic Factors Sense of purpose of what people are doing
Whether they believe the reason behind it or not
So why is everyone so
negative?
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Setting a positive culture
No more ‘I cant do this’ or ‘They have no idea what they are doing’
Re-frame to a positive – and take responsibility
By…. Taking the awkward meeting offline
Changing the strategy to suit the BIM maturity of the wider team
Re-group and re-assess strategy – people and processes
above the line
below the line
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Project Managers and BIM
1. Know the basics
2. Clear role in process
3. Prompt the clients
4. Ask the questions
5. Listen
6. Learn
7. Understand Change
8. Build trust
9. Stay positive
10. Collaborate & Innovate
