richard burbidge details technical file016177

Stair balustradeTechnical details

The following pages contain information on Building Regulations, the suitability ofproducts and helpful configuration drawings explaining how and where our stair balustraderanges can be used.

Remember that help is always at hand every step of the way to make your project a reality.If you are looking for style ideas and information please refer to our brochure, if yourequire stockists then our customer services team are just a call away and our technicalsupport team can help with planning and installation advice.

Customer services +44 (0) 1691 678300Technical helpline +44 (0) 1691 678212www.richardburbidge.com

We want to make it as easy as possible for you to have the staircase you’ve always wanted.So we’ve brought together all our experience and know-how to create STAIRPLANNER™ -a simple, online tool that helps you design your new stair balustrade in just a few easysteps.

Even better, it’s completely free. Just visit www.richardburbidge.com and follow the link toSTAIRPLANNER™, which will take you through each stage of the planning process fromstart to finish. You can choose from different timbers, spindles and newels, and yourselections will be shown on a virtual staircase to give you a realistic idea of how it will look.Once you’ve made your decisions, you can download easy-to-understand plans and fullypriced parts lists that you can take to your nearest Richard Burbidge stockist. Together,we’ll turn your plan into reality.

Remember, if you cannot find what you need or if you would like a little extra help, just callus and we can access your STAIRPLANNER™ design to help you sort it.

Summary of technical details

Building Regulations - 92Timber overview - 93

Staircase terminology - 94 to 95Staircase configurations - 96 to 121

Installation information - 122-125Finishing advice - 126 to 127

91

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SPECIFICATION - MATERIALS USEDTimber is a natural product and components may vary in colour between pieces.

Pine - Pinus sylvestris L.: Commonly referred to as European redwood or Scots pine.Creamy white to yellow sapwood with a distinctive yellow/reddish brown resinousheartwood. Ideal for painting, staining and varnishing. Average weight 510kg/m3.

Hemlock - Tsuga heterophylla Sarge: Western hemlock, a non-resinous NorthAmerican softwood. Pale brown, straight grained with a fairly even texture. Can bepainted, stained, varnished or polished. Average weight 500kg/m3.

Sapele - Entandrophragma cylindricum Sprague: Distributed in West and East Africa.Medium to dark reddish brown heartwood, similar to mahogany in colour. Sapele ischaracterised by a marked and regular stripe with an interlocked/wavy grain and isfairly close textured. Stains, varnishes and polishes extremely well. Average weight640kg/m3.

White Oak - Quercus alba and petraea. USA, Canada and Europe. A straight-grainedmedium to course texture hardwood. Ranges in colour from pale yellow brown to palebrown. Stains and polishes well and can also be limed. Average weight 720 to760kg/m³.

American White Ash - Fraximus Americana. Distributed throughout USA and Canada.A generally straight-grained hardwood, pale brown in colour sometimes tinged red.Stains and polishes well. Average weight 670kg/m³. European Beech - Fagus sylvatica L.: No colour distinction between sapwood andheartwood, the timber being pale pink following m edium steaming. An immenselystrong timber that outperforms oak for bending strength, stiffness and shear by some20%. It is also stronger in resistance to impact loads. It works well, producing a good,smooth surface and stains and polishes to an excellent finish. Average weight720kg/m3.

ACCLIMATISATIONIMPORTANT - You should note that acclimatising timber products by leaving in theroom or a room with a similar humidity for at least 48 hours is essential if problemsassociated with shrinkage and expansion are to be avoided. Storing stair balustrading,for example, in a cold and damp garage for months and then using for immediateinternal installation is not good trade practice. This is due to timber being a naturalmaterial that both absorbs and loses moisture. The rule of thumb to remember is‘timber plus water/moisture equals expansion’ and ‘timber plus heat equalsshrinkage’. It is therefore extremely important to seal/finish your timber products onceinstalled by painting, staining or varnishing (see page 126 for some ideas).

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Building Regulations & British Standards

Approved Document K of the Building Regulations 1992: Stairs, Ramps and Guardsgives provisions for stairways in the design and building of stairways which form partof the structure and guidance on the aspects of geometry and guarding of stairs.

BS585 Part 1 1989: Woodstairs covers specifications for stairs with closed risers fordomestic use, including straight and winder flights and quarter or half landings.Appendix A of this standard also details the recommendations for the site fixing ofstairs.

BS5395 Part 1 1977: Stairs, Ladders and Walkways covers the design of straight stairs.

BS6180 1982: Code of practice for protective barriers in and about buildings.

DEFINITIONSPrivate stairs intended to be used for only one dwelling with a maximum rise of220mm and a minimum going of 220mm. A maximum pitch of 42° is stipulated fordomestic stairs. Institutional and assembly stairs serving a place where a substantialnumber of people will gather, with a maximum rise of 150mm and a minimum goingof 280mm. Buildings with a maximum rise of 190mm and a minimum going of 250mmare covered by all other stairs.

Note - Institutional and assembly stairs plus other, both reference ApprovedDocument M, Access and facilities for disabled people for the maximum permissiblerise of stairs providing access for disabled people.

The normal relationship between the dimensions of the rise and going can beexpressed as detailed in Approved Document K, which states that twice the rise plusthe going (2R+G) should be between 550mm and 700mm.

Pitch - The angle between the pitch line (notional line connecting nosings) and thehorizontal. The maximum pitch for domestic stairs is 42°, semi-public stairs, e.g.factories, offices and common stairs serving more than one dwelling, 38° and publicstairs, e.g. places of public assembly, 33°.

Height of handrails - Approved Document K states that flights should have a handrailon at least one side if they are less than one metre wide and on both sides if they arewider than one metre. There is no need for handrails beside the bottom two steps of astairway. Minimum domestic handrail heights of 900mm for both stairs and landings,public handrail heights should be a minimum of 900mm on stairs and 1100mm onlandings.

It is also a Building Regulations requirement that no openings in any balustradingshould allow the passage of a 100mm sphere.

SUITABILITY FOR USERichard Burbidge stair balustrade systems in all timber types have been fully tested byBM TRADA for conformity to domestic requirements as stated in the BuildingRegulations Part K, ‘The guarding should be able to resist a horizontal force of 0.36kNfor each metre of length if it guards a private stairs’. In addition, spindles have beensubjected to a separate test as stated in BS6180 table 2 column 4(a).

Richard Burbidge also manufacture a number of systems for shared access andcommercial use tested to the higher strength requirements of 0.74kN includingFUSION® Commercial, Heritage and Classic Ranges.

Richard Burbidge stair balustrade systems were tested using traditional draw-boredmortise and tenon joints (straight handrail system), patented universal brackets(bracket fix system) and tie-rail bolts/metal fixing plates (continuous handrail system).We do not recommend the use of any other fixing method.

Richard Burbidge stair balustrade is manufactured from high quality raw materialscomplying to BS1186 and are kiln dried ready for immediate internal use. Allcomponents are turned or moulded to profile and sanded to a fine finish.

Richard Burbidge Limited is a BSI registered firm ISO9002 and is the first member ofthe BM TRADA Q Mark Approved Timber Balustrade Scheme (certificate No. 001).

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Timber overviewFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

Staircase terminology

Baluster/spindle - The vertical member, plain or decorative, that acts as the infillbetween the handrail and baserail (or tread if cut string).

Balustrade - The collective name for the complete assembly of handrails, baserails,newels, spindles and caps.

Bracket fix - Patented Richard Burbidge Limited system which uses a bracket to fix thehandrail to the specially designed newels.

Bullnose step - Usually at the bottom of the stairs with one or both ends of the stephaving a quarter circle design.

Closed string - A string with the face housed/trenched to accommodate treads andrisers so their profile cannot be seen.

Continuous handrail - Using straight lengths of handrail connected to handrail fittingsand ramps, the handrail flows over the tops of newel turnings creating a continuousrun of handrail.

Curtail step - A decorative shaped step at the bottom of the stairs usuallyaccommodating the volute and volute newel turning of the continuous handrailsystem.

Cut or open string - A string with the upper edge cut away to the shape of the treadsand risers so that their profile can be seen from the side.

Going - The going of a flight of stairs is the horizontal distance between the face ofthe first and last risers. The individual going of a step is measured from face of riser toface of riser and for domestic use should be a minimum of 220mm.

Newel - Accommodates the strings, handrails and treads/risers of stairs.

Nosing - The edge of the tread projecting beyond the face of the riser and the face ofa cut string.

Pitch - The angle between the pitch line and the horizontal.

Pitch line - The notional line connecting the nosings of all treads in a flight of stairs.

Rake - The pitch of the stairs.

Rise - The rise of a flight is the vertical distance between the floors or landingsconnected by the flight. The individual rise is the vertical measurement from top oftread to top of tread.

Riser - The board that forms the face of the step. The maximum individual rise fordomestic flights is 220mm.

Staircase - The entire structure relating to a stair, comprising steps, treads, risers,strings, balustrading, landings etc.

Stairway/stairwell - The space/void provided for the stairs.

Step - The tread and riser combined.

String margin - The distance between the top of the string and the pitch linemeasured at 90° to the pitch line.

Tread - The top or horizontal surface of a step.

Wall string - The string of a staircase fixed flush with a wall.

Winders - Are radiating steps narrower at one end that are used to change thedirection of a stairs through 90° or 180°.

Fig. 1 - Elevation and section

Fig. 2 - Rise and going Fig. 3 - Balustrades and handrails

Wallstring

Step

Handrail

Going

Pitch line

NosingRiser

900mm min

Handrail

Balusters

Fig. 4 - Restrictions on flights

Pitch line

Rise of step

FloorFloor orlanding

Headroomof not lessthan 2mmeasuredverticallyabove thepitch line.

Rise

of f

light

Blockings

Outer string

Pitch line

99mm MAX

9594

Ter

min

olog

y

Ter

min

olog

y

Newel

Baluster/spindle

Stringcapping

Closedstring

Nosing

Riser

Tread

Bracket

Carriage

Cut string

Tread

Rise

Going of flight

Goingof step

Staircase terminologyFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

Staircase configurations

Richard Burbidge stair balustrade components have been designed for use in themajority of staircase configurations. No staircase need present a problem if thecomponents are used and installed in the correct manner. To assist, the followingbracket fix, straight handrail and continuous handrail configurations illustrate the mostpopular bottom of flight, intermediate and top landing options in the construction ofstaircases. The individual components are identified on each illustration together witha simple plan view of the stairs.

All diagrams are based on domestic staircases with a maximum pitch of 42°, individualrise of 200mm and individual going of 223mm. Handrail heights for both stairs andlanding are illustrated at the minimum UK Building Regulations stipulation of 900mm.Further advice on all systems is available by contacting our technical advisors on +44 (0) 1691 678212.

9796

Fig. 1 - Bottom of flight - Straight with straight step

NB510Newel base

NT160Newel turning

NC2Ball cap

HDR or LHRHandrail

BRBaserail


BRBaserail

NB915Newel base

NT160Newel turning

NC2Ball cap

HDR or LHRHandrail

Straight handrail system

Fig. 3 - Bottom of flight - Dog leg with bullnose step

BRBaserail

NB915Newel base

NT160Newel turning

NC3Acorn cap

HDR or LHRHandrail

Fig. 4 - Bottom of flight - Winders

Fig. 5 - Bottom of flight - Dog leg with straight step

BRBaserail

NT160Newel turning

NC2Ball cap

HDRHandrail

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB1375Newel base

NC3 Acorn cap

NT160Newel turning

BRBaserail

NB1375Newel base

NB510Newel base

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Stra

ight

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Straight handrailFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

9998

Fig. 6 - Bottom of flight - Dog leg with straight step andpulpit end

NB700Newelbase

NB510Newel base

NB1375Newel base

NC2Ball cap

HDRHandrail

NT160Newel turning

Fig. 7 - Bottom of flight - Dog leg with double bullnoseand pulpit end

BRBaserail

NB700Newel base

NB915Newel base

NT160Newel turning

NT160Newel turning

NC3 Acorn cap

NT415Newel turning

HDR or LHRHandrail

Fig. 8 - Intermediate landing - Quarter turn with landing

BRBaserail

HDR orLHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NC2Ball cap

NT160Newel turning

VTVertical turn

UEConcaveramp

Fig. 9 - Intermediate landing - Quarter turn withlanding

Fig. 10 - Intermediate landing - Quarter turn withthree winders

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NC2Ball cap

NC3Acorn cap

NT415Newel turning

VTVertical turn

UEConcave ramp

BRBaserail

BRBaserail

NT415Newel turning

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB2000Newel base

Fig. 11 - Intermediate landing - Quarter turn withthree winders

BRBaserail

NB2850Newel base

NC2Ball cap

NT202Newel turning

HDR or LHRHandrail

Stra

ight

han

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l

Stra

ight

han

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Straight handrail Straight handrailFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

101100

Minimum distance betweencentres of strings 82/90mm, 2 newel bases side by side 82or 90mm section.

Fig. 12 Intermediate landing - Quarter turn with fourwinders

Fig. 13 - Intermediate landing - Half turn with landing

BRBaserail

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NC2Ball cap

NC2Ball cap

VTVertical turn

UEConcave ramp

NT415Newel turning

BRBaserail

NT415Newel turning

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB2000Newel base


BRBaserail

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NT160Newel turning

VTVertical turn

UEConcave ramp

Fig. 15 - Intermediate landing - Half turn withextended landing

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NC3Acorn cap

NT415Newel turning

BRBaserail

1100mmSpindle

Fig. 16 - Top landings - Top landing with 90˚ turn


HDR or LHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NB510Newel base

HTHorizontal turn

VTVertical turn

BRBaserail

NC3Acorn cap

NC3HALFHalf acorn cap

NT160Newel turning

NT160Newel turning

NC2Ball cap

NB700 Newel drop(adapted)

NT160DHalf newelturning

UEConcave ramp

HDR or LHRHandrail

NC2Ball cap

Stra

ight

han

drai

l

Stra

ight

han

drai

l

NC2Ball cap

HTHorizontal turn

UEConcave ramp


103102


Fig. 19 - Top landings - Top landing 180˚ turn withwinders

BRBaserail

HDR or LHRHandrail

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB700Newel base

NB1375Newel base

VTVertical turn

HTHorizontal turn

HTHorizontal turn

UEConcave ramp

BRBaserail

NC3Acorn cap

NC3Acorn cap

NT415Newel turning

NT160Newel turning

Fig. 20 - Top landings - 90˚ turn with straight rail

900mm max.

NB510HALFHalf newel base

HTHorizontal turn

BRBaserail

NC2HALFHalf ball cap

NT160HALFHalf newel turning

HDR or LHRHandrail

Fig. 22 - Top landings - Corner landing newel

Fig. 21 - Top landings - Landing or horizontal balustrade only

Fig. 23 - Top landings - Mid landing newel

HDR or LHRHandrail

HDR or LHRHandrail

HDRHandrail


NB700Newel base

NB700Newel base

NB700Newel base

NC2Ball cap

NC2Ball cap


NT160Newel turning

NT160HALFHalf newel turning

NT160Newel turning

Stra

ight

han

drai

l

Stra

ight

han

drai

l


105104

Continuous handrail

Fig. 1 - Bottom of flight- Straight with curtail step

4 x 1100mmSpindles

HDRHandrail

VL-RHVolute

NTVNewel turning

BRBaserail


NB700Newel base

NT0Newel turning

HDRHandrail

UEConcave ramp

OCOpening cap

BRBaserail

Fig. 3 - Intermediate landings - Quarter turn with landing

HDRHandrail

NB915Newel base

VTVertical turn

UEConcave ramp

NT0Newel turning

BRBaserail

1100mmSpindle

HC Horizontalcap

UEConcave ramp

Fig. 4 - Intermediate landings - Half turn with landing

Minimum distance betweencentres of strings 150mm.

BRBaserail

HDR Handrail

NB915Newel base

VTVertical turn

UEConcave ramp

1100mmSpindle

HC Horizontal cap

NT0Newel turning

Fig. 5 - Top landings - Top Landing with 90˚ turn

HDRHandrail

UEConcave ramp

BRBaserail

NB700Newel drop(adapted)

VTVertical turn

HC Horizontal cap

NT0Newel turning

NC2Ball cap

Fig. 6 - Top landings - Top landing with 180˙ turn

HDRHandrail

NT0Newel turning

VTVertical turn

HT Horizontal turn

HC Horizontal cap

UEConcave ramp

1100mmSpindle

NB700Newel base

BRBaserail

Con

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ail

Con

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andr

ail

UEConcave ramp

Continuous handrail For more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

107106

Fig. 7 - Top landings - 90˚ turn with corner landing newel

NB700Newel base

HDRHandrail

NT0Newel turning

HC Horizontal cap

Fig. 8 - Top landings - Continuous rail over mid newel

HDRHandrail

NB700Newel base

NT0Newel turning

SC Straight cap


NB510Newel base

N160Newel turning

NC2Ball cap

HDR or LHRHandrail

BRBaserail

Fig. 2 - Bottom of flight - Straight with bullnose step

BRBaserail

NB915Newel base

N160Newel turning

NC2Ball cap

HDR or LHRHandrail

Bracket fix

Fig. 3 - Bottom of flight - Dog leg with bullnose step

BRBaserail

NB915Newel base

N160Newel turning

NC3Acorn cap

HDR or LHRHandrail

Con

tinuo

us h

andr

ail

Bra

cket

fix

Continuous handrailFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

109108

Fig. 4 - Bottom of flight - Winders

Fig. 5 - Bottom of stairs - Dog leg with straight step

BRBaserail

N160Newel turning

NC2Ball cap

HDRHandrail

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB1375Newel base

NC3 Acorn cap

N160Newel turning

BRBaserail

NB1375Newel base

NB510Newel base

Fig. 7 - Bottom of stairs - Dog leg with double bullnoseand pulpit end

BRBaserail

NB700Newel base

NB915Newel base

N160BNewel turning

N160BNewel turning

NC3 Acorn cap

N415AAdapted bracketfix newel

HDR or LHRHandrail

Fig. 8 - Intermediate landing - Quarter turn with landing

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NC3Acorn cap

N415ANewel turning

BRBaserail

N160Newel turning

Fig. 6 - Bottom of stairs - Dog leg with straight step andpulpit end

NB700Newel base

NB510Newel base

NB1375Newel base

NC2Ball cap

HDRHandrail

N160Newel turning

Fig. 9 - Intermediate landing - Quarter turn with winders

BRBaserail

NC2Ball cap

VTVertical turn

UEConcave ramp

N415ANewel turning

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB2000Newel base

Bra

cket

fix

Bra

cket

fix

N415ANewel turning

N160AAdapted bracketfix newel

Bracket fix Bracket fix For more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

111110

Minimum distance betweencentres of strings 82/90mm, 2 newel bases side by side 82or 90mm section.


HDR or LHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NC2Ball cap

BRBaserail

N415ANewel turning

Fig. 11 - Intermediate landing - Half turn withextended landing

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB915Newel base

NC3Acorn cap

N415AAdapted bracketfix newels

BRBaserail

1100mmSpindle

Fig. 13 - Landings - Top landing with 90˚ turn and extra rise

NB915Newel base

NB510Newel base

HTHorizontal turn

VTVertical turn

NC3Acorn cap

NC3HALFHalf acorn cap

N160ANewel turning

N160DHalf newel turning

UEConcave ramp

HDR or LHRHandrail

Fig. 14 - Landings - Top landing with 180˚ turn

BRBaserail

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB700Newel base

HTHorizontal turn

NC3Acorn cap

N160ANewel turning

Fig. 12 - Landings - Top landing with 90˚ turn

HDR or LHRHandrail

BRBaserail

N160ANewel turning

NC2Ball cap

NB700Newel base(adapted)

NC2Ball cap

Fig. 15 - Landings - Top landing 180˚ turn with winders

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB1375Newel base

VTVertical turn

HTHorizontal turn

UEConcave ramp

BRBaserail

NC3Acorn cap

N415ANewel turning

Bra

cket

fix

Bra

cket

fix

Bracket fix Bracket fix For more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

113112

Fig. 16 - Landings - 90˚ turn with straight handrail

900mm max.


HTHorizontal turn

BRBaserail



HDR or LHRHandrail

Fig. 17 - Landings - Landing and horizontal balustrade only

HDR or LHRHandrail


NB700Newel base

NC2Ball cap



N160BNewel turning

Fig. 19 - Landings - Mid newel

HDRHandrail

NB700Newel base

N160BAdapted bracketfix newel

NC2 Ball cap

Fig. 18 - Landings - Corner landing newel

HDR or LHRHandrail

NB700Newel base

NC2Ball cap

N160BNewel turning

Bra

cket

fix

Bra

cket

fix

Bracket fix Bracket fixFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

Fig. 1 Bottom flight - FUSION® straight with straightstep

Fig. 2 - Ceiling lines Fig. 3 - String over string

Figures 2 and 3 are suitable for HDR handrail applications.

Diminishingspindles

Length of handrail on underside of ceiling glued and screwed

Length ofhandrail onunderside ofsecond flightstring gluedand screwed

Mitred handrailjoint is gluedand can befixed by screws,dowels ormetal plate

Diminishingspindles

Staircase configurations - other situations

CEILING LINE / STRING OVER STRING (Figs 2 and 3)

When a handrail hits the underside of a ceiling line or second flight string we recommendthat you run a length of handrail up from the bottom newel until it meets the ceiling/stringand a further length of handrail along the underside of the ceiling/string. Where the twohandrails meet they should be mitred together and fixed using a combination of glue,screws, dowels and/or metal plate.

As spindles reach the underside of the ceiling/string they will become shorter in length, tomaintain an aesthetically pleasing balance with the pitch of the stairs and handrail, keep thebottom square of all spindles the same length and reduce the spindle from the topdownwards. Depending on the style of spindle you are using it may be necessary to cutinto the turned part of the spindle and to space you should cut the timber fillets/spacerswith a coping saw to suit the spindles radius. Fix the spindles and fillets as normal with glueand panel pins/lost head nails.

FUSION® Domestic

RHRPre-finishedhandrail

MMBCBottom connector

NB510Newel base

SBRPre-finishedbaserail

RHR750FNewel

MMSBStaircasebaluster &bracketMMNC

Base connector


NB915Newel base


MMSBStaircasebaluster &bracket

MMNCBase connector

RHR750FNewel

Fig. 2 Bottom flight - FUSION® straight with bullnosestep

115114

Bra

cket

fix

FUSI

ON

®

CUT STRING

There are two ways of installing spindles to a cut string staircase. The traditional methodused by professional tradesmen is to fix the spindles to the top of the tread by constructinga stub tenon woodworking joint. An alternative and more modern way of fixing is to cutindividual lengths of baserail and screw to each tread. The spindles and fillets are then fixedas normal by glueing and pinning. This method is excellent for carpet finishes.

Fig. 1 - Cut string

1100mmSpindle

HDR or LHRHandrail



MMNCBase connector

RHR750FNewel

NB915Newel base



Fig. 3 Bottom flight - FUSION® dogleg with bullnosestep


Mitred handrail jointis glued and can befixed by screws,dowels ormetalplate


MMNCBase connector


MMTCTop connector

MMNCBase connector

NB915Newel base

NB915Newel base

NB700Newel base





MMBCBottomconnector

MMHLHalf landing connector

MMALAdj. landingconnector

MMNCBase connector

RHR750FNewel

NB1375Newel base





MMLBLandingbaluster &bracket

MMLCLanding connector

RHR750FNewel


MMNCBase connector

MMTCTop connector

NB915Newel base






MMHLHalf landingconnector

MMNCBase connector

MMICIntermediateconnector

RHR750FNewel

RHR750FNewel

NB915Newel base





Fig. 4 Bottom flight - FUSION® winders

Fig. 5 Bottom flight - FUSION® dogleg with doublebullnose & pulpit end

Fig. 6 Intermediate landing - FUSION® quarter turnwith landing

Fig. 7 Intermediate landing - FUSION® quarter turnwith three winders

Fig. 8 Intermediate landing - FUSION® half turn withextended landing


117116

FUSI

ON

®

FUSI

ON

®

MMNCBase connector

MMTCTop connector

NB700Newel base



RHR750FNewel




Fig. 9 Top landing - FUSION® top landing with 90˚ turn

FUSION® Domestic FUSION® DomesticFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

Fig. 12 Top landing - FUSION® top landing, 180˚ turnwith winders

Fig. 13 Top landing - FUSION® top landing cornernewel

Fig. 14 Top landing - FUSION® top landing mid newel

MMNCBase connector

NB915Newel base

SBRPre-finished baserail


RHR750FNewel


MMNCBase connector

NB700Newel base



RHR750FNewel

MMSBStaircase baluster& bracket




MMHTR/LHorizontal turn






MMTCTop connector

MMICIntermediate connector

MMNCBase connector

NB1375Newel base



RHR750FNewel


MMTCTop connector

MMNCBase connector





RHR750FNewel

RHR750FNewel

NB700Newel base

MMNCBase connector

NB700Newel base



MMALAdj. landing connector

MMALAdj. landing connector

Fig. 10 Top landing - FUSION® top landing with 180˚turn and extra rise

Fig. 11 Top landing - FUSION® top landing with 180˚ turn

119118

FUSI

ON

®

FUSI

ON

®


RHR750FNewel

MMNCBase connector

NB635Newel base



MMWCWall connector

Fig. 15 Top landing - FUSION® landing or horizontalbalustrades only


SBRPre-finishedungroovedbaserail

RHR750Newel

MMNCBase connector

Newel base700mm


MMLCLandingconnector

MMWCWall connector

RHRPre-finishedroundhandrail

MMINCIntermediatenewel connector


SBCBSuspended baserail connector

NB700Newel base


MMNCNewel baseconnector

RHRPre-finished roundhandrail

MMBCBottomconnector

RHR750Newel

MMTCTop connector

MMNCNewel base connector

MMSBStaircase baluster &bracket

MMSBSuspendedbaserailconnector

Newel base510mm

MMNCBase connector

SBRPre-finishedungrooved baserail

RHRPre-finished round handrail


MMBCBottomconnector

RHR750Newel

Fig. 16 Bottom of flight - FUSION® straight withstraight step cut string

Fig. 17 Intermediate landing - FUSION® quarter turnwith landing cut string

Fig. 19 Top landing - FUSION® T string

121120

FUSI

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SBCBSuspended baserailconnector

Newel base700mm


MMNCNewel baseconnector

LCBLanding connector

MMTCTop connector

RHR750Newel

Fig. 18 Top landing - FUSION® top landing 90˚ turncut string

MMLBLanding baluster& bracket


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Continuous handrail - installationinformation

Straight handrail - installation information

The Richard Burbidge straight handrail system (also known as post–to–post) is designed fortraditional fixing using mortise and tenon joints to fix the handrails to newels.

This system is designed primarily for professional installation by tradesmen who are fullyconversant with this type of traditional woodworking joint.

We recommend that tenons are constructed so that they are a minimum one-third thewidth of the handrail and half the the length of the newel post. Tenons should be drawbored using a minimum 9mm diameter dowel.

We do not recommend the use of bracket fix newel base heights when setting out thestraight handrail system. Newel base heights for this system should be calculated bysetting out the newels and establishing where the handrail will meet the newel post.

Straight handrail system stairparts have been designed to achieve minimum domestichandrail heights of 900mm for both stairs and landings.

To calculate how many spindles you will need count the number of treads between newelson the stairs. Allow 2 spindles per tread and 1 spindle per tread that has a newel post. Forexample a 12 tread staircase with newels at the bottom and top of the stairs will generallyrequire 22 spindles.

For landings and horizontal balustrades measure the horizontal distance in millimetres and÷ by 112 for 32mm spindles and 121 for 41mm spindles.

Building Regulations state that the gap between any part of the balustrade should notallow the passage of a 100mm sphere.

The Richard Burbidge continuous handrail system (also known as over–the–post) isdesigned for professional installation by skilled tradesmen.

This system uses straight lengths of handrail connected to a series of shaped handrailfittings and ramps which allow the handrail to flow over the tops of newels.

All handrail fittings and ramps are supplied over long and will need to be cut down to suitthe individual staircase pitch.

Handrail fittings and ramps are supplied with tie-rail bolts to allow jointing of the fittings torails. Full instructions on how to use the tie-rail bolts are supplied with the fittings.


For landings and horizontal balustrades measure the horizontal distance in millimetres and÷ by 112 for 32mm spindles, 121 for 41mm spindles, 126 for 46mm spindles and 135 for55mm spindles.

Building Regulations state that the gap between any part of the balustrade should notallow the passage of a 100mm sphere.

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Bracket fix - installation information

The Richard Burbidge patented bracket fix system enables stair balustrade to be replaced and constructed quickly and easily without the need for professional woodworking mortise and tenon joints. The bracket fix system has been specifically designed to save time using pre-drilled newels and a unique adjustable bracket that secures handrails to newels.

Bracket fix stairparts have been designed to achieve minimum domestic handrail heights of900mm for both stairs and landings.

Brackets are sold individually apart from the N160D half newel which comes complete witha universal half bracket.


For landings and horizontal balustrades measure the horizontal distance in millimetres and÷ by 112 for 32mm spindles and 121 for 41mm spindles.

When using metal balusters on landings ÷ the horizontal measurement in millimetres by112mm.

Building Regulations state that the gap between any part of the balustrade should not allowthe passage of a 100mm sphere.

Newel base centre line

264mm

Pitch line

Bottom of stairs bracket fix newel base height using160 bracket fix bottom newel

Half landing bracket fix newel base heights using415A’s intermediate bracket fix newels

90º quarter landing bracket fix newel base heightusing 415A intermediate bracket fix newel

Top of stairs bracket fix newel base height using160A bracket fix top newel


201mm Pitch line

270mm

Pitch line

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Pitch line

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Newel at topof 1st flight


Newel atbottom of 2nd flight


Finishing advice

Once Richard Burbidge products have been installed they must be finished to seal thepores, protect the surface and give an attractive appearance. Successful finishing willdepend on correct preparation of the surface, filling of nail holes and sanding to removemarks which have occurred during installation, for example.

We recommend that all finishes are applied to test pieces so that the finish obtained is theone that you wish to achieve. Please read manufacturer’s instructions carefully. RichardBurbidge display models are spray lacquered. A similar finish can be achieved using brushapplied methods follow the simple guidelines alongside for a perfect finish.

Brush applied varnish

1. Sand the surface with a fine grade sandpaper. Traces of dust and grease can beremoved using a cloth dampened with white spirit.

2. First coat - mix together one part white spirit, three parts polyurethane clear varnish andif a colour is required one part spirit based wood stain/dye.

3. Allow at least eight hours to dry. Lightly rub down using a fine grade wire wool and applya coat of clear varnish only.

4. Allow at least eight hours to dry and apply two further coats of clear varnish.

Spray applied varnish

1. Rub down with 240 grit sandpaper and apply one coat of sanding/sealer.

2. Allow to dry and denib/sand with a fine grade wire wool.

3. Apply two coats of pre-cat lacquer (if a coloured finish is required use tinted pre-catlacquer).

Note - Remember, a clear varnish will change the colour of wood which should beconsidered before deciding on a coloured finish. Practice on off-cuts before applying toproduct.

The following details are examples of some of the more popular ways of finishing. Ofcourse, before applying your chosen finish (stain, paint or varnish) your timber productshould be properly prepared. Pin/nail holes should be filled with a proprietary filler and theproduct sanded to remove blemishes that can occur during installation.

Varnish

Available in clear matt, satin and gloss finishes and also tinted/coloured, varnish gives atough, durable and hardwearing finish which requires minimal maintenance and is heat andwater resistant. Coloured varnishes have the advantage of being suitable for application onpreviously varnished surfaces. When applying coloured varnishes you should note that asthey do not penetrate the wood like a true wood stain/dye it is a good idea to finish with acouple of coats of clear varnish which will prevent colour loss due to wear and tear.

As well as polyurethane varnishes there are a number of acrylic/water-based varnishes whichare solvent free, have a low odour and are extremely quick drying. They also have theadvantage of easy brush maintenance and require only a quick rinse with water after use.

Oils

Oils can be used to seal timber. They do, however, tend to be used on hardwoods only assoftwoods discolour and become dirty very quickly. There are various types available whichare easy to apply, usually by rag or brush. Teak oil is quick drying whilst danish oil has theadvantage of being able to accept a varnish for added protection. Linseed oil is slowdrying and tends to be soft.

Wood stains/dyes

These will penetrate the wood and are used to enhance the colour and to some extentunify and neutralise the natural colour variations that occur in timbers. They tend to dryquickly and are usually applied with a cloth along the grain. Before it is dry, excessstain/dye is wiped off with a lint-free cloth. Wood stains/dyes do not seal the timber andrequire a varnish or polish application to finish.

Protective wood stains

All in one finish enhances the colour of wood and is normally brush applied. Unlike woodstains/dyes it also seals the timber and is quick drying with further coats being applied afterjust two hours.

French polish

This gives a very good gloss finish. It is applied by building up in layers and is madefrom a mixture of shellac and alcohol, with a fair degree of skill required to achieve agood finish. French polish does not provide any real protection, with the surface notresistant to scratches, heat, water or alcohol and is normally applied to surfaces thatreceive little wear and tear. A modern alternative two part treatment is ‘plasticcoating’, which does provide resistance to heat, liquids and scratches.

Liming

This is best applied to coarse grained woods such as oak. A traditional mixture forliming oak can be achieved by mixing unslaked lime with water. Once applied andsemi-dry any surplus is wiped off. When dry this is rubbed down with glasspaper anda coat of french polish is added, with a final coat of white polish to finish. Alternatively,an easier method is to mix white matt emulsion with water to the same consistency asmilk and brush into the grain, wiping off before setting. To finish and seal two coats ofsatin varnish are applied, giving an eggshell shine. Liming wax is also available, whichis quick and easy to apply.

Paint

Use a ‘knotting’ solution on live knots and resinous areas. This prevents resinbleeding/seeping through onto the finished surface. New bare timber should have acoat of primer, followed by one or two coats of undercoat. Finish with a topcoat ofgloss. There are numerous painting finishes and techniques, for example, crackle,glaze, marble or mottled effects.

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Finishing adviceFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

Outdoor balustrade& deckingTechnical details

The following pages contain information on Building Regulations, how to plan and buildyour deck, the suitability of products and helpful configuration drawings explaining howand where our outdoor balustrade ranges can be used.

Remember that help is always at hand every step of the way to make your project a reality.If you are looking for style ideas and information please refer to our brochure, if yourequire stockists then our customer services team are just a call away and our technicalsupport team can help with planning and installation advice.

Customer services +44 (0) 1691 678300Technical helpline +44 (0) 1691 678212www.richardburbidge.com

We think creating the decking you’ve always wanted should be easy. So using all ourexperience and know-how we’ve created DECKPLANNER™ - a simple, and completelyfree, online tool that helps you design your new decking and outdoor balustrade in just afew easy steps.

All you have to do is visit www.richardburbidge.com and follow the link toDECKPLANNER™. You’ll be taken through each stage of planning your new decking andbalustrade from start to perfect finish. All our outdoor balustrade ranges are there tochoose from, with all the spindle, newel and panel options – and whatever you go foryou’ll be shown a realistic idea of how your design will look. Easy.

Once you’ve made your decisions you can download easy to understand plans anddrawings showing each part. Simply take your print-outs which have fully priced parts lists,product codes and quantities, to your nearest Richard Burbidge stockist and they’ll helpyou turn your plan into reality.

Remember, if you cannot find what you need or if you would like a little extra help, just callus and we can access your DECKPLANNER™ design to help you sort it.


Planning your deck - 130 to 131Building Regulations - 132 to 135

Building your deck - 136 to 139Outdoor configurations - 140 to 149

Maintenance and finishing - 150 to 151

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Planning your deck

Before you build your deck you will need to plan it. If the deck is to look good when it’sfinished, then it needs to be planned and designed carefully. There are a number ofaspects that should be considered when planning the size and position of your deck.

Drawing plans

How well you consider size, usage, climate, views, privacy, costs, relationship to the houseand overall site evaluation will determine how often you use the deck. Before setting outyour ideas onto paper, walk the site and visualise how the deck will look from the houseand its surroundings. Measure the site and transfer these measurements onto paper. Agood working drawing is important as not only will it help visualise the finished deck butalso make estimating the materials needed easier.

Try and work to a reasonable size scale, 1:20 is ideal, using either graph paper or a scaleruler. Draw the deck and also add other design considerations such as boundaries, trees,buildings, shrub and planting borders. You may find two views help, a plan view showingthe deck directly from above and an elevation from the side, this view helps if you havevariations in ground level.

As well as illustrating the overall size of the deck and deckboard laying pattern also includethe position of post centres, posts, beam, joist and balustrade arrangements as this againmakes estimating easier.

Planning permission

As a general rule domestic timber decks are regarded in exactly the same way as privatepatios and do not require planning approval unless they are within 20 metres of a road orhigher than 300mm from the ground.

If a deck forms part of the design features of a new building or extension, the size andshape of the deck should be included on drawings submitted for planning approval but thedeck itself would not normally be subject to approval.

For existing residential properties a ground level deck will not need to be submitted forapproval under the current UK Building Regulations. A high level deck however will needto be designed to ensure that it will be structurally stable. As such calculations may berequired proving the deck is capable of taking the necessary loading if the high level deckis submitted as part of a new house to your local Building Control office.

DECKPLANNER™

Our simple, free online planning tool will help you design your new outdoor balustradeand decking project in just a few easy steps. All the options you require are there to choosefrom such as different ranges, spindles and newels and are shown as a virtual balustrade togive you a realistic idea of how your balustrade and decking will look. Once you have madeyour decisions you can download easy to understand plans and fully priced parts lists andtake to your nearest Richard Burbidge stockist. Together we’ll turn your plan into reality.

Storage

Once you have purchased your decking materials you will need an area to store thembefore and during the construction of the deck and installation of the balustrades. In the UK,the moisture content of exposed timber is usually around 18%. Exposure to heavy rainfall orwarm sun will cause the timber to swell or shrink respectively. To make sure the deckingmaterials do not pick up too much moisture or are allowed to dry out on site, stack all thematerials on bearers that are well clear of wet areas, preferably at least 150mm off the groundlevel. Stack the decking so that air can easily circulate around and between them using timberbattens or spindles.

Protect the materials from rain using a waterproof cover, this cover should not be wrapped sotightly that it prevents air circulation and condensation. Careful storage will also prevent thetimber from getting dirty and stained. Generally the less time the timber is on site the better.

Preparing the site

As well as careful planning and good construction techniques successful deck planning alsorequires careful site preparation. Once the area has been cleared of all vegatationincluding shrubs and any trees it should be levelled. Slightly slope the ground towards theouter edge of the deck to allow for adequate drainage and to prevent water stagnating. Ifthe deck is attached to the side of the house or building the slope should fall away fromthe building and not run to it.

Remove any obstacles and if desired redirect drain pipes. Apply a proprietary weed killerand cover with a weed block membrane available from most garden centres. Cover thismembrane with approximately 50mm thickness of gravel to hold in place. 3 x 25kg bags ofgravel will cover an area of 2m2.

Important information

Will it be functional, decorative or both? The size of the deck can be determined by acombination of available space, changes in the level of the site, access to existingservices such as drains and overall project costs.

If the deck is to be used as an alternative to a traditional paved patio then it needs to belarge enough to allow the comfortable use of garden tables, chairs and benches.

Will the deck be at ground level or elevated? Whilst elevated decks will allow better views ofthe surroundings it will also allow the surroundings such as your neighbours to have a betterview of you. Trellis, balustrades and foliage will help screen unwanted views and providesome privacy.

If there are any underground services beneath the proposed deck area such as drainagepipes and manhole covers you will need to add an easy access feature to the proposed deckdesign such as a trapdoor. Alternatively you may decide to reposition the deck to avoidunderground services.

To make the most of the summer months plan the finished position of the deck to utiliseexisting shaded features such as trees or the sides of buildings. The heat reflected off asouth facing wall will turn a cool deck into a warm one whilst trees will cool a southfacing deck in the summer.

Deckboard laying patterns should not be overlooked at the planning stage as they canaffect the overall appearance of the finished deck. Position the deck so that it is easilyseen from the house if children are to use unsupervised.

If the proposed site is exposed to wind then a partial screen of balustrades, trellis orfoliage will act as a wind break without completely blocking it and will also allow somecooling on warm days.

Do not burn preserved wood. Dispose of all decking off-cuts as ordinary householdwaste. Do not burn on open fires, barbecues or stoves.

Always wear gloves to avoid splinters and protect hands.

Wear safety goggles when using power tools and a dust mask when cutting all timbercomponents.

All saw dust and construction debris should be cleaned and disposed of afterconstruction.

Avoid prolonged inhalation of sawdust and always wash hands before eating, drinkingand smoking.

Wash all work clothes separately from other household clothing.

For decks over 600mm above ground level consult a reputable builder or structuralengineer.

Do not bridge the damp course or cover air bricks when fixing to the side of a house orbuilding.

Use Richard Burbidge fixings where stated. All other fixings should be either stainlesssteel, hot dipped galvanised or coated specifically for exterior use.

All cut ends and drill holes on all treated timber deckboards, joists, posts andbalustrades must be treated with a suitable proprietary end coat.

Read all Richard Burbidge instructions carefully before commencing any constructionand installation work.

Due to the preservative treatment Richard Burbidge softwood treated decking is notsuitable for use in direct contact with garden ponds.

Mould growth can occur on treated and untreated timber during prolonged exposure toexcessive moisture. To remove mould, first let the timber dry and then wash the effectedarea with mild soapy water.

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Planning your deckFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info


Timber decks for residential installation are not as such referenced in current UK BuildingRegulations. However as the regulations state that stairs and balustrades should bedesigned and installed for the safe movement in or about buildings it can be assumed thatthey do apply especially with regards to balustrades.

The TDA (Timber Decking Association) technical bulletin on the design and construction ofdeck balustrade details two types of deck, low level and high level. A low level deck is anydeck up to 600mm above ground level with high level referring to all other decks higherthan 600mm.

For low level residential decks the balustrade should be set at a minimum height of900mm on both stairs and landings and resist a minimum horizontal uniformlydistributed line load of 0.36kN/m, a uniformily distributed load applied to the infill of0.5kN/m2 and a point load applied to part of the infill of 0.25kN.

High level domestic decks and external balconies (all decks and balustrades over600mm above ground level) should have the balustrade set at a minimum height of900mm for stairs/steps and 1100mm on landings/horizontal guarding. The balustradeshould resist a minimum horizontal uniformly distributed line load of 0.74kN/m, auniformly distributed load applied to the infill of 1.0kN/m² and a point load applied topart of the infill of 0.5kN.

Commercial decks in public areas used to move people through and not susceptible toovercrowding including stairs/steps, landings, external balconies and ramps should havethe balustrade set at a minimum height of 900mm on stairs/steps and 1100mm onlandings/horizontal guarding. The balustrade should resist a minimum horizontaluniformly distributed line load of 0.74kN/m, a uniformly distributed load applied to theinfill of 1.0kN/m² and a point load applied to part of the infill of 0.5kN.

Additionally balustrades in commerical areas with tables or fixed seating where peoplemay congregate and are susceptible to overcrowding should have the balustrade set at900mm on stairs and 1100mm for landings and horizontal guarding. Balustrades forthese environments should resist a minimum horizontal uniformly distributed line load of1.5kN/m, a uniformly distributed load applied to the infill of 1.5kN/m2 and a point loadapplied to part of the infill of 1.5kN.

The balustrade should be designed so that it is not easily climbable and not allow thepassage of a 100mm sphere.

Richard Burbidge offers different systems specifically designed for these differentsituations.

Document K: Building Regulations 1992

This regulation details that stairs/steps should be designed, constructed and installed sothat they are safe for people to use when moving between different levels in buildings. Keypoints include;

Twice the rise plus the going (2R+G) should be between 550 and 700mm.

Handrails should be provided to at least one side if the stairs/steps are less than 1 metrewide.

For stairs/steps wider than 1 metre handrails should be provided to both sides.

There is no need for a handrail beside the bottom 2 stairs/steps.

For ground level domestic situations the handrail should be set at a minimum height of900mm on both stairs and landings.

For raised level domestic situations the handrail should be set at a minimum of 900mmon stairs/steps and 1100mm for landings/horizontal guarding.

For public situations the handrail should be set at a minimum height of 900mm on stairsand 1100mm on landings/horizontal guarding.

There should be no opening in the balustrade/guarding that would allow the passageof a 100mm sphere

The "guarding" should be able to resist a horizontal loading of 0.36kN per metre run forground level domestic situations and 0.74kN per metre for raised level domesticsituations.

For commercial situations the “guarding” should be able to resist a horizontal loadingof 0.74kN per metre for public stairs not susceptible to overcrowding and 1.5KN for allother public stairs.

The maximum pitch for domestic stairs/steps is 42° and between 33° and 38° for publicstairs/steps depending on its use.

Private stairs/steps are defined as those used for only one dwelling using any rise between155mm and 220mm with any going between 245mm and 260mm or alternatively any risebetween 165mm and 200mm used with any going between 223mm and 300mm.

Stairs/steps that serve a building where a substantial group of people gather are defined as‘Institutional & Assembly’ using any rise between 135mm and 180mm with any goingbetween 280mm and 340mm.

Stairs/steps for all other buildings are defined as ‘Other’ with the rise described as 150mmand 190mm used with any going between 250mm and 320mm.

When calculating the relationship between the rise and going the dimensions should be‘twice the rise plus the going (2R+G) must be between 550mm and 700mm’.

British Standards

British Standards relevant to using wood externally that have relevance to designing andconstructing decks and external balustrades include;

BS 585 Part 1 1989: Wood stairs. Specification for stairs with closed risers for domestic use,including straight and winder flights and quarter or half landings.

This document covers the specifications for stairs with closed risers for domestic use,including straight and winder flights and quarter or half landings. Appendix A of thisstandard gives details for the site fixing of stairs and Appendix B guidance for the design ofstairs with winders. Other sections of this standard cover the recommendations for treadsand risers, strings, newels, construction, handrails and balustrades.

BS 585 Part 2 1985: Wood stairs. Specification for performance requirements fordomestic stairs constructed of wood-based materials.

Specifies the performance requirements for domestic straight flight stairs including thosewith quarter and half landings constructed from wood based materials.

Appendix B of this standard includes details for test methods used to establish stair andtread deflection and balustrade static load and impact tests.

BS 5395-1:2000: Stairs, Ladders and Walkways. Code of practice for the design,construction and maintenance of straight stairs and winders.

Gives recommendations for the design, construction and maintenance of straight flightstairs including landings and winders in a number of materials and for all types of buildings.Table 1 of this document gives recommended sizes for private, public and assembly stairsand Figure 4 the relationship between the rise, going and pitch. This document also coversrecommedations and guidance on safety including accidents on stairs, handrails, steps,rise, going, treads, pitch headroom and stair width. Section 10 gives details on thematerials used to construct stairs including, timber, concrete, steel and aluminium.

BS 5395 Part 2 1984: Stairs, ladders and walkways. Code of practice for the design ofhelical and spiral stairs.

Scope covers recommendations for the design of both helical and spiral stairs usedinternally and externally in all types of buildings. This standard covers all stairs which arecircular on plan. Table 2 details the sizes of stairs for small private, private, small-semipublic, semi-public and public use.

BS 6399 Part 1 1996: Loadings for buildings. Code of practice for dead and imposedloads.

Gives recommended dead and imposed loads for use in designing new buildings andstructures, alterations to existing buildings and the change of use to an existingconstruction. Section 10 and Table 4 covers parapets, barriers and balustrades and theminimum horizontal imposed loads.

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The Timber Decking AssociationRichard Burbidge Ltd is a member of the Timber Decking Association (TDA)which is a technical and advisory organistaion that provides guidance onthe materials and practices required to create high quality decks andassociated structures. For further information contact Timber DeckingAssociation, 5 Flemming Court, Castleford, West Yorkshire WF10 5HW - Tel: 01977 558147, www.tda.org.uk.

The Deck-Mark® Certification Scheme is a third party product certificationscheme operated on behalf of the TDA. The scheme is based onrecognised quality assurance standards (ISO 9000) and confirmscompliance to the best practice guidance and relevant British Standardsand ensures that any Richard Burbidge outdoor balustrade product is of thehighest standard.

Deck-Mark Plus® is an extension of the TDA’s Deck-Mark® Scheme andapplies to products manufactured in accordance with Deck-Mark® butwhich also have a performance rating in line with BS EN ISO 14001:2004Environmental Management Systems and BS EN ISO 9001:2000 QualityManagement Systems.

BS 6180 1999: Barriers in and about buildings, code of practice.

Covers recommendations for the design and construction of both permanent andtemporary barriers provided in buildings and places of assembly. Contents include, designcriteria, loadings and safety details, and barriers in various materials including concrete, glass,masonry, metals, aluminium and timber.

Richard Burbidge balustrades are certified by BM TRADA, certification number 001 andmeet the requirements of and are registered within the BM TRADA certification scheme fortimber balustrades.

BS 5268-2 Structural use of timber. Code of practice for permissible stress design,materials and workmanship.

This British Standard gives recommendations for stress grades applicable to timber whenused as members, as part of a construction and as part of a structure including othercomponents. Detailing for the design of nailed, screwed, bolted, dowelled, connected andglued joints are are also covered. This document additionally gives recommendations fortest methods to assess structural assemblies with guidance on workmanship, treatments,inspection and maintenance.

BS EN 350-1 Durability of wood and wood based products.

Covers wood classification systems, hazards, grading, sampling, durability and physicalproperties. Used in conjunction with BS EN 350-2 which details guidance on the naturaldurability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe.

Suitability for use

Richard Burbidge external balustrade systems in all timber types have been independentlytested by both TRADA and FIRA for conformity with UK Building Regulations.

All balustrade systems conform with the requirements for domestic use as detailed in Table4 of BS 6399 : Part 1 : 1996 Loadings for buildings.

Domestic settings - All areas within or serving exclusively one dwelling including stairs andlandings, the balustrades should resist a minimum horizontal uniformly distributed line loadof 0.36kN/m, a uniformily distributed load applied to the infill of 0.5kN/m2 and a point loadapplied to part of the infill of 0.25kN. For decks above 600mm above ground balustradesneed to conform to the same requirements as the heavier loadings detailed in thecommercial settings section.

Raised domestic and light commercial settings - Some of our systems have been testedand conform to the increased loading requirements for commercial applications which aredefined as areas not susceptible to overcrowding in office, leisure and institutionalbuildings such as hotels, doctors and dental surgeries and stairs in multi occupancybuildings such as apartments. In these applications the increased requirements detail that abalustrade should resist a minimum horizontal uniformly distributed line load of 0.74kN/m,a uniformly distributed load applied to the infill of 1.0kN/m2 and a point load applied topart of the infill of 0.5kN.

Heavy commercial settings - Additionally balustrades in commerical areas with tables orfixed seating where people may congregate and are susceptible to overcrowding shouldhave the balustrade set at 900mm on stairs and 1100mm for landings and horizontalguarding. Balustrades for these environments should resist a minimum horizontal uniformlydistributed line load of 1.5kN/m, a uniformly distributed load applied to the infill of1.5kN/m2 and a point load applied to part of the infill of 1.5kN.


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Building your deck

Constructing the frame

Please read these instructions carefully and with the appropriate balustradeinstallation instructions prior to building your deck.

If the deck is to be attached to the side of a house or building, the finished level of thedeck should be at least two brick courses below the damp course level. Use a RichardBurbidge 150 x 47mm joist as a wall plate/ledger to carry and support the joists. Keepthe wall plate off the wall by approximately 10mm by packing behind the plate or byfixing washers over the wall plate fixing (Fig. 1). This will allow water running down theface of the brickwork to pass behind rather than on top of the plate. Alternatively iffixing the wall plate directly to the wall use a metal flashing keyed into the mortar in thebrickwork and dressed down over the plate to keep water off the top surface.

For ground level and elevated decks it is important that the proposed site is markedout accurately if you want the finished deck to be square. To create a square deck anddetermine the overall size, mark out the area using a basic building techniqueconsisting of batter boards (horizontal boards with a peg at each end to secure intothe ground), pegs and string line (Fig. 2). To check the corners are 90° use a ‘3-4-5’builders square, which you can construct from straight lengths of timber, creating atriangle with sides in the ratio of ‘3-4-5’ e.g. 60cm, 80cm and 100cm. Adjust the stringlines accordingly until square (Fig. 2).

The construction methods for building either a ground level deck or elevated deck arebasically the same; both are fixed to a frame constructed of Richard Burbidge 150 x47mm joists. The main difference between the two is that for ground level decks youcan use concrete paving slabs if desired rather than structural posts and beams tosupport the decks frame (Fig. 3).

Ground level decks

As previously mentioned, a ground level deck can be laid onto concrete paving slabs.Use a minimum slab size of 600 x 600 x 50mm and bed these into position with eithermortar, sand and cement or sand. Space the paving slabs at maximum centres of1800mm. The frame to support and fix the deckboards is constructed from RichardBurbidge 150 x 47mm joists. These should be spaced at maximum 400mm centresand fixed to each other using Richard Burbidge landscape screws and/or galvanisednails, joist hangers, metal angles or 100 x 100mm timber offcuts. For additionalstrength, noggins (offcuts of joists) are then fixed at 90° to the joist. Alternatively yourground level deck can be constructed as detailed in the elevated deck section (Fig. 4).

Elevated decks

Richard Burbidge decking materials and accessories are suitable for decks elevated upto 600mm above ground. For high level decks over 600mm consult a reputablebuilder or structural engineer.

Elevated decks can be free standing or have one or more sides attached to the side ofa house, building or wall. The joist frame used to support and fix the deckboards is inturn supported by posts and beams. Beams are constructed from Richard Burbidgejoists and structural posts. Posts should be spaced at maximum centres of 1800mm.Fix the posts into the holes using concrete, cap the top of the concrete with a trowelso that water runs away from the posts. Once the posts have set, attach the beams tothe posts using Richard Burbidge 150mm landscape screws at the desired height. Thejoist frame is then fixed to the beams by skew nailing or screwing with joist centres atmaximum 400mm centres. For additional strength as with ground level decks, nogginsshould then be fixed at 90° to the joists. For maximum strength and stability fix thejoists to the ledger boards/wall plates and framing joists using joist hangers.

Fixing deckboards

There are three ways of fixing deckboards, either by using Richard Burbidge secret fixdeck ties or traditional fixing using screws or nails. Unless your deck design usesstandard lengths of deckboards you will need to stagger the deckboards to cover thedeck area. To prevent movement and give structural stability staggered boards mustbe fixed to a double joist (Fig. 5).

It is perfectly natural for deckboards to swell when wet and shrink when dry. Somevariation in the gaps between the deckboards is therefore inevitable and these gapswill vary in size from season to season.

All spacing betweenposts must not exceed1800mm max.

Ledger Board

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Building your deck

Deck ties

You can eliminate installation damage to the face of deckboards, which can happenwhen screwing or nailing by using Richard Burbidge deck ties (Fig. 6a).

Deck ties automatically space the deckboards and are completely hidden when fixed.Please note when using deck ties for fixing deckboards during the planning stage youmust allow for the joist arrangement to be at 90° to the finished deckboard layingpattern.

The back edge of the first deckboard should be fixed to the joists using RichardBurbidge 75mm ceramic galvanised screws (Fig. 6b). Countersink and fill the screwhead to prevent possible injury to feet. Once the first row of deckboards has beenfixed, position deck ties in the centre of each joist and to the edge of the deckboard.

Use a hammer to knock the deck ties into the joists and tap the face of the deck tiesso that they are flush with the edge of the deckboard, secure using Richard Burbidge40mm annular ring nails (Fig. 7).

Place the back edge of the next board against the spikes of the previously fixed deckties and using a timber block to protect the board knock onto the spikes with a hammer.To prevent the board springing along its length off the deck ties this is best done withtwo people (Fig. 9). Repeat this procedure until all the deckboards have been fixed.The final board should be fixed exactly as the first board, through the face of thedeckboard using Richard Burbidge 75mm ceramic galvanised screws (Fig. 8).

Traditional fixing

For traditional fixing use either nails or screws. We recommend Richard Burbidge75mm ceramic galvanised screws as the preferred traditional fixing option asdamaged individual deckboards are far easier to remove and replace.

Whichever fixing method you choose it is essential to use fixings of at least 75mm inlength. The deckboards should be fixed along their length to every supporting joistusing 2 fixings per face/joist.

Keep the fixings at least 25mm from the ends and edges of the boards and tominimise the risk of splitting it is recommended that the boards be predrilled toaccommodate the fixings. The boards should be spaced with a 6 to 9mm gap to allowfor drainage and movement.

Unless the size of the deck has been designed and planned to use single lengthboards it will be necessary to join boards along their length. It is essential that joinedboards must always meet over a joist. Use additional sections of joist to increase thearea for fixing.

To avoid injury to feet, nail and screw heads should always be fixed below the surfaceof the deckboards. Countersink screw heads below surface and use a nail punch fornails. Check once or twice a season and retighten or re-punch any raised fixings. Usean endcoat preservative on all surfaces exposed by drilling and cutting.

Steps

The height and position of your deck will influence the style and height of your steps.Steps can be constructed from a combination of posts, joists and deckboards orRichard Burbidge cut strings.

The Richard Burbidge ranges include 2 sizes of cut strings for step building bothhaving individual rises of 190mm. 3 step string/570mm rise and 5 step string/950mmrise. The number of steps and risers required will be determined by the height of thedeck and the available space in front of it.

Position the strings at right angles to the deck (Fig. 10) at maximum 400mm centresand fix to the joists using suitable galvanised brackets or joist hangers. At groundlevel rest and fix strings to paving slabs or concrete slabs for maximum stability.Treads are created from deckboards allowing 30mm to overhang each string. Fix thedeckboards to the strings using Richard Burbidge deck ties or 75mm ceramicgalvanised screws. Additional fixings such as galvanised angle brackets can also beused.

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Fig.9

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Outdoor configurations

The following figures illustrate our Traditional, Classic, Contemporary including ourunique FUSION® outdoor balustrades and Hardwood ranges.

Balustrades for ground level and up to 600mm above ground level in domesticsituations achieve handrail heights of 900mm and are tested for domestic installationsat 0.36kN/m. Balustrades for raised domestic situations (more than 600mm aboveground level) and light commercial settings are tested to the higher loadings of0.74kN/m with handrail heights of 1100mm.

Each range of balustrade is independently tested by TRADA (Timber Research AndDevelopment Association) and FIRA (Furniture Industry Research Association) andcomplies with UK Buildings Regulations.

Richard Burbidge Ltd is a member of the TDA Timber Decking Association whose aimis to ensure that timber decking will not only be suitable for purpose but also meetBritish Standards.

For further information on how to plan your project and create parts lists for youroutdoor balustrades and decking project why not try our free on-line planning serviceDECKPLANNER™ via our website www.richardburbidge.com.

Installation instructions for each range and how to finish and maintain your balustradescan also be found in the resources section for each range within our website.

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1 LD200 – Colonial spindle2 LD202/250 – 82mm Colonial newel3 LD201C – Traditional multi-purpose rail 1800mm4 LD333 – Twist bracketNote: LD265 – Large Traditional handrail with fillet and LD246 – Large Traditionalbaserail, can be used as an alternative to the LD201C Traditional multi-purpose rail.

Fig. 1 Traditional Colonial system - ground level

1 LD252/226 – Square baluster 32mm or Square baluster 41mm2 LD207/209/251 – Patrice newel 75mm, Patrice newel 82mm3 LD201C – Traditional multi-purpose rail 1800mm4 LD333 – Twist bracketNote: LD265 – Large Traditional handrail with fillet and LD246 – Large Traditionalbaserail, can be used as an alternative to the LD201C Traditional multi-purpose rail.

Fig. 2 Traditional Square baluster system - ground level

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1 LD202/250/209/251 – Colonial or Patrice newel 82mm2 Timber or metal balusters3 LD201C – Traditional multi-purpose rail 1800mm4 LD211/212/228/229 – Timber panels5 LC244 – Baserail support bracket6 LD333 Twist bracketNote: LD265 – Large Traditional handrail with fillet and LD246 – Large Traditionalbaserail, can be used as an alternative to the LD201C Traditional multi-purpose rail.

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1 LD202/250/209/251 – Colonial or Patrice newel 82mm2,3,5 Metal balusters and panels4 LD201C – Traditional multi-purpose rail 1800mm6 LD244 – Baserail support bracket7 LD333 Twist bracketNote: LD265 – Large Traditional handrail with fillet and LD246 – Large Traditionalbaserail, can be used as an alternative to the LD201C Traditional multi-purpose rail.

Fig. 6 Traditional metal baluster and panel system

Fig. 5 Traditional timber panel system - ground level

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1 LD256 & LD256PACK / LD258 & LD258PACK – Ground and raised level glass panels with brackets

2 LD249/LD257 Ground and raised level stop chamfered newel 82mm with LD204 Patrice newel cap

3 LD265 – Large Traditional handrail with fillet and LD246 – Large Traditional baserail

4 LD333 – Twist bracket

Fig. 4 Traditional glass panel ground and raised level systems

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1 LD248 – Stop chamfered baluster 41mm2 LD249 – Stop chamfered newel 82mm with LD204 Patrice newel cap3 LD201C – Traditional multi-purpose rail 1800mm4 LD333 – Twist bracketNote: LD265 – Large Traditional handrail with fillet and LD246 – Large Traditionalbaserail, can be used as an alternative to the LD201C Traditional multi-purpose rail.

Fig. 3 Traditional Stop chamfered system - ground level


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1 LD262/LD262PACK – Glass panel2 LD224 – Square newel3 LD263 – Glass panel carrying rail with fillet4 LD220 – Capping rail5 LD330 – Fixing strap

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1 LD207/LD955/LD950 – 27mm and 32mm American balusters2 LD207/209/251 – 75mm and 82mm Patrice newels3 LD206 – American rail 1800mm4 LD309 – Balustrade bolt5 LD311 Cover cap

Fig. 10 Classic American system

Fig. 9 Classic glass panel system - ground level

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1 LD260/LD261 – Victorian and Abbey metal balusters2 LD224 – 82mm Square newel3 LD259 – L rail4 LD220 – Capping rail5 LD230 – Fixing strap

Fig. 8 Classic metal baluster system - ground level

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1 LD252/226 – Square baluster 32mm or 41mm2 LD224 – 82mm Square newel3 LD259 – L rail4 LD220 – Capping rail5 LD230 – Fixing strap

Fig. 7 Classic square spindle system - ground level


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1 LD500 – Aluminium rail with brackets2 LD503/LD503PACK – Hardwood baluster3 LD505 – Hardwood slatted panel4 LD504 – Acrylic panel5 LD501 – Hardwood top rail6 LD502 – Aluminium newel7 LD506 – Rail to rail bracket8 LD507 - Rail to newel bracket

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1 LD575 – Aluminium newel2 LD578 – Aluminium rail3 LD580 – Hardwood slatted panel4 LD579 – Large glass panel5 LD584 – Small glass panel6 LD582 – Aluminium rail to wall bracket7 LC581 – Hardwood baluster8 LD577 – Newel to timber rail support bracket9 LD576 – Rail to rail bracket10 LD585 – Hardwood rail11 LD583 – End cap for hardwood top rail

Fig. 14 Contemporary FUSION® system - raised level

Fig. 13 Contemporary FUSION® system - ground level

Softwood1 LD218 – Round rail 2200mm2 LD258/LD258PACK – Glass panel

with brackets3 LD220 – Capping rail 2400mm4 LD223 – 90mm Round newel5 LD559 – Rail to newel bracket

Hardwood1 LD561 – Round rail 2200mm2 LD258/LD258PACK – Glass panel

with brackets3 LD563 – Capping rail 2400mm4 LD562 – 90mm Round newel5 LD559 – Rail to newel bracket

Fig. 12 Contemporary glass panel system - ground and raised level

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Softwood1 LD218 – Round rail 2200mm2 LD227 – Round spindle 900mm3 LD220 – Capping rail 2400mm4 LD223 – 90mm Round newel5 LD559 – Rail to newel bracket - landing

LD558 - Rail to newel bracket - rake

Hardwood1 LD561 – Round rail 1800mm2 LD560 – Round spindle 900mm3 LD563 – Capping rail 1800mm4 LD562 – 90mm Round newel5 LD559 – Rail to newel bracket - landing

LD558 - Rail to newel bracket - rake

Fig. 11 Contemporary round spindle system - ground and raised level


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1 LD751/LD772 – Flat baluster 900mm and 1100mm2 LD760/LD777 – 90mm Square newel3 LD770 – Capping rail 2000mm4 LD754 – Handrail 1800mm5 LD756 – L rail6 LD335 – Twist bracket

Fig. 17 Hardwood Flat baluster system - ground and raised level

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Fig. 16 Hardwood Square system - ground and raised level

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1 LD750/773 – 41mm Colonial spindle 900mm and 1100mm2 LD761/776 – 90mm Colonial newel3 LD770 – Capping rail 2000mm4 LD754 – Handrail 1800mm5 LD755 – Baserail6 LD335 – Twist bracket

Fig. 15 Hardwood Colonial system - ground and raised level

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Osmose Naturewood important information

Do not burn preserved wood.

Wear a dust mask and goggles when cutting or sanding wood.

Wear gloves when working with wood.

Some preservative may migrate from the treated wood intosoil/water or may dislodge from the treated wood surface upon contact with skin. Washexposed skin areas thoroughly.

All sawdust and construction debris should be cleaned up and disposed of afterconstruction.

Wash work clothes separately from other household clothing before re-use.

Preserved wood should not be used where it may come into direct contact or indirectcontact with drinking water, except for uses involving incidental contact such as freshwater docks and bridges.

Do not use preserved wood under circumstances where the preservative may become acomponent of food, animal feed, or beehives.

Do not use preserved wood for mulch.

Only preserved wood that is visibly clean and free of surface residue should be used.

Disposal recommendations: Preserved wood may be disposed of in landfills or burnedin commercial or industrial incinerators or boilers in accordance with national andregional regulations.

If you want to apply paint, stain, clear water repellent or other finishes to yourpreservative treated wood, we recommend following the manufacturers instructions ofthe chosen finishing product. Before you start, we recommend you apply the finishingproduct to a small test area before finishing the entire project to ensure it provides theintended result.

Mould growth can and does occur on the surface of many products, including treated oruntreated wood, during prolonged surface exposure to excessive moisture conditions.To remove mould from treated wood surfaces, the wood should be allowed to dry andthen washed with mild soap and water.

End seal

Use an end coat preservative on all surfaces exposed by drilling or cutting.

Further information

For further information and current range of finishing products available please contact:

Cuprinol Ltd, Wexham Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL2 5DS, Tel 01753 550555,

www.cuprinol.co.uk

Ronseal Ltd, Thorncliffe Park, Chapeltown, Sheffield, S35 2YP, Tel 0114 240 9469,

www.ronseal.co.uk

Maintenance & finishing

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Richard Burbidge softwood decking components are treated with Osmose Naturewood withan anti-fungal additive which is a modern copper based preservative treatment. Aftertreatment the components will have a green appearance weathering to natural honey browncolour before eventually fading to a driftwood grey after long term exposure to the sun.

All Richard Burbidge softwood timber decking materials are manufactured from EuropeanRedwood/British grown Scots Pine, a light coloured knotty softwood used extensively in UKconstruction work. It is perfectly natural as the timber weathers for some surface checkingand splitting to occur due to the natural variation in moisture content and the effects ofwetting and drying. These surface defects will have no adverse effect to the decks structure.

Once the installation is complete you may wish to apply a proprietary deck cleaner whichremoves the build up of dirt and grease that can occur during construction, deck cleanersalso brighten the timber.

Any treated or untreated timber exposed to the natural elements should be protected fromthe weather. To enhance the treated softwood decking apply either a proprietary clearwater repellent or semi-transparent stain. Before applying the finish you must make sureyour deck and balustrades are dry. Test by sprinkling drops of water onto the timberssurface. If the wood does not absorb the water, wait a few days to allow the timber to dryout and retest before application.

Hardwood balustrades

Richard Burbidge Hardwood external balustrades are manufactured from Sapele, a darkhardwood similar to a mahogany colour of reddish brown. Although moderately durableany untreated timber exposed to the natural elements should be protected from theweather to make them more resistant to picking up moisture. To enhance and protect thehardwood balustrade apply either a proprietary clear water repellent, semi-transparentstain or decking oil. Before applying the finish you must make sure your balustrades are dry.Test by sprinkling drops of water onto the timber’s surface. If the wood does not absorbthe water, wait a few days to allow the timber to dry out and retest before application.

Balustrade maintenance

For both softwood and hardwood timber balustrade components always follow the seal,stain or oil manufacturers recommendations and test on an off-cut or hidden surface. Howoften you apply further coats of water seal, stain or oil will depend on the balustrade’susage, and we recommend that all components be recoated at least once a year. Pleaserefer to the manufacturers recommendations.

For non-timber items such as acrylic panels and zinc alloy posts and rails use a soft cloth,luke warm water and a mild detergent. Do not polish or use abrasive cleaners and scourersas these can damage and scratch the surface coatings.

Deck maintenance

How often you clean the deck will depend on its usage and position in relation to trees andfoliage. Once or twice a season give the deck a brush with a stiff broom which will not onlymaintain the appearance but also remove algae and reduce the risk of slipperiness.

The deck can be given an annual clean using a hosepipe and if necessary a proprietarydeck cleaner and brightener. Surface resin can be removed using a sharp broadfaced chiseland the area then recoated. Use a knife to remove any debris that has built up in thegrooves between deckboards as these gaps allow for drainage and air circulation. Check allfixings and repunch nail heads and retighten all screwheads if required.

Osmose Naturewood

Richard Burbidge softwood decking components are treated with Osmose Naturewood, apreservative treatment that is based on copper and an organic co-biocide (Alkaline CopperQuaternary). Alkaline Copper Quaternary systems have provided proven performance foralmost a decade in locations throughout Europe, North America, Australia and Japan.

Products treated with Osmose Naturewood will initially have a green appearance thathighlights the natural variations of the wood; this will weather to an attractive natural honeybrown colour before finally fading to driftwood grey after long-term exposure to the sun.Osmose Naturewood treated timber can be painted or stained to match any outdoorcolour scheme. Always follow the manufacturer's recommendations.

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CommercialTechnical details

The following illustrations show FUSION® Commercial balustrade in use in nondomestic situations with handrails set at 900mm stairs and 1100mm landings.

Within the 1992 Building Regulations (part K), there are several different categories ofbuilding type that fall within the general area of non domestic. The reason for thedistinction is that different strength requirements are demanded according to thebuilding’s usage, specifically:

Category A - Factories/warehouses (light traffic)Category B - Residential (e.g. flats, old people’s homes, educational, office and publicbuildings)Category C - Retail premises

In all three of these building types the requirement concerning handrail height differsfrom that in domestic housing. The minimum handrail heights permitted are 900mmfor rake of stairs and 1100mm for landings.

The regulations specify a strength requirement as follows (from above): category A:0.36kN/m (as per domestic); category B:0.74kN/m; category C: 1.5kN/m.

Richard Burbidge Commercial stair balustrade is fully strength tested, this includes notjust the system conforming to details as laid out above but also for individual infilltests carried in accordance with BS6180 for categories A and B above.

Note: This does not include balustrade used for aesthetic purposes only in retailsituations e.g. room dividers, providing they are not guarding a difference in heightgreater than 380mm.

Technical helpline and bespoke planning serviceWe understand how complex planning balustrade can be, and we also appreciate thefrustration this brings with it. We want to make it as easy as possible for you toincorporate Richard Burbidge balustrade into your projects. So we'll take your plansand work out the complete specification for you. We'll give you technical feedback,supply drawings, CAD images and even fully costed parts lists where required. All atno cost - it's simply part of our service.

As well as CAD drawings we also offer NBS specifications to seamlessly incorporatetechnical detail into your plans and a CPD course looking at the steps required whenspecifying internal balustrade.

For further information on any of this please don't hesitate to contact us +44 (0) 1691 678351 or [email protected]


Commercial stair balustrade Building Regulations - 153

Commercial staircase configurations - 154 to 160Commercial outdoor balustrade Building

Regulations - 161 to 162Commercial outdoor balustrade - 163

Juliette balconies - 164Maintenance and finishing advice - 165 to 167

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Fig 4. Bottom of flight - FUSION® Commercial doglegwith bullnose step closed string

Fig. 5 Bottom of flight - FUSION® Commercialwinders closed string

Fig. 6 Intermediate landing - FUSION® Commercialquarter turn with landing closed string

RHRPre-finishedround handrail

INCBIntermediatenewelconnector

CSBStaircase baluster& bracket

NBCBNewel baseconnector


NBCBNewel base connector

915mmNewel base

BCBBottomconnector

CNP950WOFNewel







1375mmNewel base

BCBBottomconnector

CNP950WOFNewel


BCBBottom connector

CNP950WOFNewel

TCBTop connector



915mmNewel base



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FUSION® Commercial FUSION® Commercial

Fig. 1 Bottom of flight - FUSION® Commercialstraight step closed string

Fig. 2 Bottom of flight - FUSION® Commercialstraight step cut string

Fig. 3 Bottom of flight - FUSION® Commercialstraight with bullnose step closed string


BCBBottomconnector

CNP950WOFNewel






510mmNewel base




SBCBSuspendedbaserail connector


NBCBBase connector

510mmNewel base

BCBBottomconnector

CNP950WOFNewel


BCBBottomconnector

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915mmNewel base






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Fig. 17 Top landings - FUSION® Commercial toplanding with 90º turn cut string

Fig. 16 Top landings - FUSION® Commercial toplanding with 90º turn closed string

Fig. 18 Top landings - FUSION® Commercial toplanding with 90º turn and extra rise closed string



CNP950WOFPre-finished newel

TCBTopconnector

LCBLandingconnector


CLBLanding baluster & bracket

700mmNewel base

SBRPre-finishedungrooved baserailSBCB

Suspended baserailconnector

CSBStaircase baluster & bracket

LCBLandingconnector



CLBLandingbaluster &bracket

TCBTopconnector


RHRPre-finishedroundhandrail




700mmNewel base


TCBTopconnector



915mmNewel base


UHTBUniversal horizontal turn

RHRPre-finished roundhandrail

WCBWall connector






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Fig.13 Top landings - FUSION® Commercial toplanding with 180º turn closed string

Fig. 14 Top landings - FUSION® Commercial toplanding with 180º turn cut string

Fig. 15 Top landings - FUSION® Commercial top landing with180º turn and winders closed string



TCBTop connector

INCBIntermediatenewel connector



CLBLanding baluster& bracket











LCBLandingconnector

TCBTop connector


700mmNewel base



RHRPre-finished round handrailCLBLanding baluster& bracket


INCBIntermediate newelconnectorSBRPre-finishedungrooved baserailNBCBNewel baseconnectorCSBStaircase baluster& bracket

1375mmNewel base

ICBIntermediateconnector



LCBLandingconnector

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Suitability for use

Richard Burbidge external balustrade systems in all timber types have been independentlytested by both TRADA and FIRA for conformity with UK Building Regulations.

All balustrade systems conform with the requirements for domestic use as detailed in Table4 of BS 6399 : Part 1 : 1996 Loadings for buildings.

Domestic settings - All areas within or serving exclusively one dwelling including stairs andlandings, the balustrades should resist a minimum horizontal uniformly distributed line loadof 0.36kN/m, a uniformily distributed load applied to the infill of 0.5kN/m2 and a point loadapplied to part of the infill of 0.25kN. For decks above 600mm above ground balustradesneed to conform to the same requirements as the heavier loadings detailed in thecommercial settings section.

Raised domestic and light commercial settings - Some of our systems have been testedand conform to the increased loading requirements for commercial applications which aredefined as areas not susceptible to overcrowding in office, leisure and institutionalbuildings such as hotels, doctors and dental surgeries and stairs in multi occupancybuildings such as apartments. In these applications the increased requirements detail that abalustrade should resist a minimum horizontal uniformly distributed line load of 0.74kN/m,a uniformly distributed load applied to the infill of 1.0kN/m2 and a point load applied topart of the infill of 0.5kN.

Heavy commercial settings - Additionally, balustrades in commerical areas with tables orfixed seating where people may congregate and are susceptible to overcrowding shouldhave the balustrade set at 900mm on stairs and 1100mm for landings and horizontalguarding. Balustrades for these environments should resist a minimum horizontal uniformlydistributed line load of 1.5kN/m, a uniformly distributed load applied to the infill of1.5kN/m2 and a point load applied to part of the infill of 1.5kN.

The Timber Decking AssociationRichard Burbidge Ltd is a member of the Timber Decking Association (TDA)which is a technical and advisory organistaion that provides guidance onthe materials and practices required to create high quality decks andassociated structures. For further information contact Timber DeckingAssociation, 5 Flemming Court, Castleford, West Yorkshire WF10 5HW - Tel: 01977 558147, www.tda.org.uk.

The Deck-Mark® Certification Scheme is a third party product certificationscheme operated on behalf of the TDA. The scheme is based onrecognised quality assurance standards (ISO 9000) and confirmscompliance to the best practice guidance and relevant British Standardsand ensures that any Richard Burbidge outdoor balustrade product is of thehighest standard.

Deck-Mark Plus® is an extension of the TDA’s Deck-Mark® Scheme andapplies to products manufactured in accordance with Deck-Mark® butwhich also have a performance rating in line with BS EN ISO 14001:2004Environmental Management Systems and BS EN ISO 9001:2000 QualityManagement Systems.

Planning permission

As a general rule domestic timber decks are regarded in exactly the same way as privatepaved patios and do not require planning approval unless they are within 20 metres of aroad or higher than 3 metres above ground level.

If a deck forms part of the design features of a new building or extension, the size andshape of the deck should be included on drawings submitted for planning approval but thedeck itself would not normally be subject to approval.

For existing residential properties a ground level deck will not need to be submitted forapproval under the current UK Building Regulations. A high level deck however will needto be designed to ensure that it will be structurally stable. As such calculations may berequired proving the deck is capable of taking the necessary loading if the high level deckis submitted as part of a new house to your local Building Control office.

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1 LD575 – Aluminium newel2 LD578 – Aluminium rail3 LD580 – Hardwood slatted panel4 LD579 – Large glass panel5 LD584 – Small glass panel6 LD582 – Aluminium rail to wall bracket7 LC581 – Hardwood baluster8 LD577 – Newel to timber rail support bracket9 LD576 – Rail to rail bracket10 LD585 – Hardwood rail or LD586/LD587 Metal handrail11 LD583 – End cap for hardwood top rail

FUSION® commercial outdoor balustrade options

FUSION® CommercialFor more information on Richard Burbidge visit www.barbourproductsearch.info

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French polish

This gives a very good gloss finish. It is applied by building up in layers and is made from amixture of shellac and alcohol, with a fair degree of skill required to achieve a good finish.French polish does not provide any real protection, with the surface not resistant toscratches, heat, water or alcohol and is normally applied to surfaces that receive little wearand tear. A modern alternative two part treatment is ‘plastic coating’, which does provideresistance to heat, liquids and scratches.

Liming

This is best applied to coarse grained woods such as oak. A traditional mixture for limingoak can be achieved by mixing unslaked lime with water. Once applied and semi-dry anysurplus is wiped off. When dry this is rubbed down with glasspaper and a coat of frenchpolish is added, with a final coat of white polish to finish. Alternatively, an easier method isto mix white matt emulsion with water to the same consistency as milk and brush into thegrain, wiping off before setting. To finish and seal two coats of satin varnish are applied,giving an eggshell shine. Liming wax is also available, which is quick and easy to apply.

Paint

Use a ‘knotting’ solution on live knots and resinous areas. This prevents resinbleeding/seeping through onto the finished surface. New bare timber should have a coatof primer, followed by one or two coats of undercoat. Finish with a topcoat of gloss. Thereare numerous painting finishes and techniques, for example, crackle, glaze, marble ormottled effects.

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Finishing & maintenance

FUSION® Commercial outdoor balustrade

Hardwood balustrades

Richard Burbidge Hardwood external balustrades are manufactured from Sapele, a darkhardwood similar to a mahogany colour of reddish brown. Although moderately durableany untreated timber exposed to the natural elements should be protected from theweather to make then more resistant to picking up moisture. To enhance and protect thehardwood balustrade apply either a proprietary clear water repellent, semi-transparentstain or decking oil. Before applying the finish you must make sure your balustrades are dry.Test by sprinkling drops of water onto the timbers surface. If the wood does not absorb thewater, wait a few days to allow the timber to dry out and retest before application.

Balustrade maintenance

For both softwood and hardwood timber balustrade components always follow the seal,stain or oil manufacturers recommendations and test on an off-cut or hidden surface. Howoften you apply further coats of water seal, stain or oil will depend on the balustradesusage, and we recommend that all components be recoated at least once a year. Pleaserefer to the manufacturers recommendations.

For non-timber items such as glass panels and zinc alloy posts and rails use a soft cloth,luke warm water and a mild detergent. Do not polish or use abrasive cleaners and scourersas these can damage and scratch the surface coatings.


richard burbidge details technical file016177

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