Post World War I Post World War I Germany Germany

Rise of Rise of NazismNazism

I. The Weimar Republic, 1919I. The Weimar Republic, 1919

A.German king was removed – Germans did not elect to have this democratic gov’t.B.Many Germans felt that the Treaty of Versailles was a humiliation of Germany.

Kaiser Wilhelm Kaiser Wilhelm exiled in Hollandexiled in Holland..

I. The Treaty of Versailles: A Bitter PillI. The Treaty of Versailles: A Bitter PillA. German king was removed – Germans did not elect to have this democratic gov’t.

B. Many Germans felt that the Treaty of Versailles was a humiliation of Germany.

1. Germany had to pay reparations - $30 billion2. Germany had to reduce its military3. Germany had to accept full blame for the war

The “Stab-In-The-Back” Theory

German soldiers are dissatisfied.German soldiers are dissatisfied.Film Clip 16:30-18:53

C. The new government did not know how to deal with economic problems. 1. 46% unemployment and inflation. Plus WWI reparations 2. New political parties emerged (social democrats, Catholic Center,

Communists, Fascist nationalists)

Date Marks U.S. Dollars

1919 4.2 1

1921 75 1

1922 400 1

Jan. 1923 7,000 1

Jul. 1923 160,000 1

Aug. 1923 1,000,000 1

Nov. 1, 1923 1,300,000,000 1

Nov. 15, 1923 1,300,000,000,000 1

Nov. 16, 1923 4,200,000,000,000 1

German Inflation Chart: 1919-1923

Film Clip 36:38-38:19

HyperinflationHyperinflation

II. Rise of Adolph Hitler

Film Clip 39:49-41:30

A.1920 – Joined right-wing political group called ____________________________________________ - Goal to overturn Treaty of Versailles and combat communism

National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi)

II. Rise of Adolph Hitler

Film Clip 39:49-41:30

B.1923 – Hitler and others jailed for rebellion against Weimar Republic.

The “Beer Hall Putsch” was a failed takeover of the government. Hitler was put on trial, convicted and sentenced to five years in prison.

He only served 8 months of his sentence.

•Social Darwinism: The idea that the Aryan Race was the “master” race and needed to be purified!

•Autarky: The idea that Germany should be economically self-sufficient.

C. In jail, Hitler wrote ______________ (My Struggle) - Idea of a “master race” called Aryans (blonde and blue-eyed) - Germany was overcrowded and needed ______________.

Mein Kampf

lebensraum

Imprisonment and Mein Kampf

D. 1926-1932 – Nazis organized Hitler Youth and Brown Shirts - Used propaganda to rally support and blame “enemies”

Film Clip 101:12-102:40

Hitler giving a speech at a Beer Hall

Film Clip 101:12-102:40

E. 1932 – Nazis won more seats in the German parliament than other parties

- Hitler was asked to become chancellor

F. Once in office, Hitler called for new elections - 6 days before the election, a fire destroyed the _____________ (building where parliament met) - Nazis blamed the communists and won election

"You are now witnessing the beginning of a great epoch in German history. . .  This fire is the beginning," Hitler told a news reporter at the scene.

Reichstag

Film Clip 107:45-112:40 Burning down of the Reichstag

With majority control, Hitler demanded absolute power for 4 years. Passed the Enabling Law!

Film Clip 124:12- END

Explain how Hitler gained influence in Germany? What tactics and methods does he use and why are they effective?

III. What were Hitler’s goals for Germany?III. What were Hitler’s goals for Germany?

A. He wanted to organize a fascist nation.1. Promotion of socialism2. Banned all political parties3. Elite, black-uniformed unit called the SS was created (loyal to Hitler)4. ____________ – secret police5. Use of propaganda6. Increased military

Gestapo

IV. War On JewsIV. War On JewsA. ________________ –

prejudice against JewsB. 1933 – Jews forbidden to

hold public officeC. 1935 – ________________

– deprived Jews of German citizenship, property, and jobs.

Anti-Semitism

Nuremberg Laws

A. November 9, 1938 – _____________ (Night of Broken Glass)Kristallnacht

The Night of Broken Glass •Destruction of about 7,000 Jewish businesses

•30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to concentration camps.

V. Hitler’s ScapegoatsV. Hitler’s Scapegoats

The French

The Communists

The Treaty of Versailles

The Jews, Bankers

The Weimar Republic

Stalin and Hitler ComparisonStalin and Hitler ComparisonStalin Hitler

Political Totalitarian – Communist LeaderPower by force and manipulation

Used Propaganda and censorshipUsed secret police

Reign of Terror - GulagsExecuted Rivals (Trotsky)

Totalitarian – Fascist LeaderPower through Democratic means and

manipulation – Reichstag fireUsed Propaganda and censorship

Used secret policeExecuted Rivals (communists) Nuremberg Laws against Jews

Economic CommunistCollectivization

Five Year Plans – Public works, Industrialization, Military

State controlled all aspects of economy

SocialismIgnored treaty of Versailles

Improved economy by developing Military, public works projects

State controlled most aspects of economySocial Cult of Personality

Controlled Schools, newspapersYouth Groups

Cult of PersonalityControlled Schools, newspapers

Youth GroupsCreated myth of Aryan master race