RIZAL AND THE RIZAL AND THE MARTYRDOMMARTYRDOM

LESSON 7.1LESSON 7.1TRIAL OF RIZALTRIAL OF RIZAL

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

■To discuss how Rizal’s death became the crowning ■To discuss how Rizal’s death became the crowning glory of his leadership.glory of his leadership.■To expound how Rizal awakened national ■To expound how Rizal awakened national consciousness among Filipinos.consciousness among Filipinos.

NAMES AND TERMS TO REMEMBERNAMES AND TERMS TO REMEMBER

•Captain Francisco de Olive•Captain Francisco de Olive - The one who informed Rizal about the charges against him. - The one who informed Rizal about the charges against him. •Colonel Rafael Dominguez•Colonel Rafael Dominguez

- The Judge advocate assigned with the task of deciding what corresponding actions - The Judge advocate assigned with the task of deciding what corresponding actions could be done on the case of Rizal. could be done on the case of Rizal.

•Gen. Nicolas dela Pena•Gen. Nicolas dela Pena- The Judge advocate General who gave Rizal four recommendations on what He - The Judge advocate General who gave Rizal four recommendations on what He could do against the evidences on Him. could do against the evidences on Him.

•Gov. Gen. Camilo de Polavieja•Gov. Gen. Camilo de Polavieja- The Governor who had the authority to command that the case of Rizal, be - The Governor who had the authority to command that the case of Rizal, be courtmartialed. courtmartialed.

•Lt. Enrique de Alcocer•Lt. Enrique de Alcocer- The prosecuting attorney.- The prosecuting attorney.

•Luis Taviel de Andrade•Luis Taviel de Andrade- Brother of Lt. Jose Taviel de Andrade, who was chosen by Rizal as an Army Officer - Brother of Lt. Jose Taviel de Andrade, who was chosen by Rizal as an Army Officer to defend him in regards with the recommendation of dela Pena. to defend him in regards with the recommendation of dela Pena.

•La Liga Filipina•La Liga Filipina- An organization which is civic association and not a revolutionary society.- An organization which is civic association and not a revolutionary society.

•La Solidaridad•La Solidaridad-Was an Organization created in Spain on December 13, 1888. Composed of -Was an Organization created in Spain on December 13, 1888. Composed of Filipino Liberals exiled in 1872 and students attending Europe’s University. Filipino Liberals exiled in 1872 and students attending Europe’s University.

•Pio Valenzuela•Pio Valenzuela- The Katipunan Emissary informed the former of the secret organization’s attempt to - The Katipunan Emissary informed the former of the secret organization’s attempt to rescue Rizal and to sneak him on a ship destined to Japan. rescue Rizal and to sneak him on a ship destined to Japan.

RESCUE ATTEMPTS RESCUE ATTEMPTS BY THE BY THE

KATIPUNANKATIPUNAN

♦♦WHAT WAS RIZAL’S CRIME?WHAT WAS RIZAL’S CRIME?

■ He was executed for trying to lift the yoke of oppression by the Spanish ■ He was executed for trying to lift the yoke of oppression by the Spanish Colonial Government and the Friars from his Filipino Countrymen.Colonial Government and the Friars from his Filipino Countrymen.

■ He did not encourage sedition against Spain, but wanted more humane ■ He did not encourage sedition against Spain, but wanted more humane treatment of his countrymen mainly by the Friars and to a lesser extent, by the treatment of his countrymen mainly by the Friars and to a lesser extent, by the Spanish colonial administratiors.Spanish colonial administratiors.

■ He advocated clerical, and land acquisition reforms■ He advocated clerical, and land acquisition reforms

In essence, he wanted an In essence, he wanted an end to the discrimination, end to the discrimination,

exploitation, and exploitation, and persecution of his Filipino persecution of his Filipino

countryman.countryman.

November 20, 1896, the preliminary November 20, 1896, the preliminary investigation on Rizal began. He was put investigation on Rizal began. He was put under interrogation without the benefit of under interrogation without the benefit of

knowing who testified against him. knowing who testified against him. Presented before him by Colonel Presented before him by Colonel

Francisco Olive were two kinds of Francisco Olive were two kinds of evidences.evidences.

•Documentary•Documentary•Testimonial •Testimonial

    Charges against RizalCharges against Rizal

On the 11th of December 1896, in the presence of his On the 11th of December 1896, in the presence of his Spanish counsel, charges against Rizal were read. Spanish counsel, charges against Rizal were read.

When asked regarding his sentiments or When asked regarding his sentiments or reaction on the charges, Rizal replied that:reaction on the charges, Rizal replied that:

•He does not question the jurisdiction of the court•He does not question the jurisdiction of the court

•He has nothing to amend except that during his exile •He has nothing to amend except that during his exile in Dapitan in 1892, he had not dealt in political in Dapitan in 1892, he had not dealt in political matters;matters;•He has nothing to admit on the charges against him•He has nothing to admit on the charges against him

•He had nothing to admit on the declarations of the •He had nothing to admit on the declarations of the witnesses, he had not met nor knew, against him.witnesses, he had not met nor knew, against him.

Accustomed to share the merry season with Accustomed to share the merry season with family, friends and relatives, the 1896 family, friends and relatives, the 1896

Christmas was indeed, the saddest. Christmas was indeed, the saddest. Confined in dark, gloomy cell, Rizal was in Confined in dark, gloomy cell, Rizal was in

despair and had no idea of what his fate despair and had no idea of what his fate may be.may be.

Upon hearing the court's decision, Rizal already knew Upon hearing the court's decision, Rizal already knew that there's no way that his destiny would be changed that there's no way that his destiny would be changed

– Rizal knew it was his end, and had accepted his – Rizal knew it was his end, and had accepted his fate. fate.

Captain Rafael Dominguez, at 6 o'clock in the Captain Rafael Dominguez, at 6 o'clock in the morning of December 29, 1896, read before him the morning of December 29, 1896, read before him the official notice of his execution, scheduled the next official notice of his execution, scheduled the next

day. Rizal was immediately transferred to the prison day. Rizal was immediately transferred to the prison chapel where he spent his last hours on earth.chapel where he spent his last hours on earth.