road pavements forum 7 th meeting update on state of research

ROAD PAVEMENTS FORUM

7th Meeting

Update on State of Research

CSIR Conference Centre

26 November 2003

Format of Presentation

• New Research and Development Strategy of DST

• CSIR – quo vadis research– Possible new process

• CSIR-Transportek– Investments 2003/04; 2004/05

• Conclusions

2002/20032004/20052005/2006

2002/20032004/20052005/2006

ooUTLINE…

UTLINE…

NATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

STRATEGY2002/20032004/20052005/2006

2002/20032004/20052005/2006

ackgroundackgroundBB1. Key (historical) R&D missions abandoned between 1990 and

1994.

2. White Paper on Science and Technology (1996)

3. R&D identified as cross-cutter in economic strategy adopted in January 2001 Lekgotla.

4. January 2002 Lekgotla resolves that the Economic Cluster will produce an R&D strategy for consideration.

roblems to solveroblems to solvePP1. Low investment in R&D (0.7% of GDP vs 2.5% OECD)

2. Strategic vulnerability of economy

3. Weak human resources base - 7 researchers per 10 000 members of our labour force

(27 in Korea and 48 in Australia)

- “Frozen” demographics

4. Declining private sector R&D

5. Inadequate intellectual property framework

6. Fragmented governance

ramework for new planramework for new planFF1. Consistent approach to all S&T and R&D functions in support

of economic growth

2. Strategies informed by objective indicators to allow performance assessment

3. Strategies benchmarked against good practice globally and contextualised for national and regional efficacy

4. Key functions identified and resource allocations proposed

Future R&D capacity

Technical progress(Improvement and

Innovation)SET Human Capital

Business performance

Current R&D Capacity

Wealth Creation

Imported know-how

Quality of life

Framework for the new plan

Imported know-how

•Technology balance of paymentsCurrent R&D

Capacity

•Share of publications •R&D intensity (investment)

Future R&D capacity

•University enrolments•S&T post-graduate degrees•University Exemptions in Maths and Science

SET Human Capital

•Researchers in workforce•Demographics of SET workforce


Innovation)•Patents•Business R&D intensity•ICT uptake indicators


•Technology/ trade mix•Key sector performance•New sectors (e.g. biotech)

Quality of life

•Technology Achievement Index

Wealth Creation

•Technology based growth

Indicators

Source:UNDP 2001

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

S.Korea Malaysia South Africa Australia

Australia 75 18.2 125.9 16.2 862 8717 10.9 25.3

South Africa 1.7 8.4 30.2 270 3832 6.1 3.4

Malaysia 0 2.4 67.4 340 2554 6.8 3.3

S.Korea 779 9.8 4.8 66.7 938 4497 10.8 23.2

PatentsRoyalties/

Licences

Internet

Hosts

High/Med

Tech Exports Telephones Elec Cons

Years of

schooling

Tertiary

science

enrolement

Technology Achievement Index: Component viewFuture R&D

capacity





Wealth Creation

Imported know-how

Quality of life


Key Indicators

2.471.79

0.64 2.773.13

0.40

0.22

0.140.30

0.690.35

0.29

0.71 4.59

1.49 0.670.60

4.847.40

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

S. Korea Malaysia South Africa Austrailia

Austrailia 1.49 0.67 0.6 4.843 7.4

South Africa 0.69 0.35 0.29 0.71 4.59

Malaysia 0.396 0.22 0.14 0.3

S. Korea 2.47 1.79 0.64 2.771 3.13

R&D Intensity

Business R&D

Intensity

Govt Civillian R&D*

Researchers/1000

Citations per article

Future R&D capacity





Wealth Creation

Imported know-how

Quality of life


Scientific publications per million population

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000South Africa (1) 141 137 123 119 126South Africa (2) 171 165 155 160

Austria 599 657 696 717Denmark 1089 1117 1200 1214Finland 1005 1048 1080 1157France 610 618 653 652Germany 584 608 661 657Ireland 448 479 527 542Netherlands 935 972 977 963Portugal 156 179 199 248Spain 387 415 446 471Sweden 1328 1335 1402 1431UK 930 896 929 949USA 726 709 709 708Japan 445 447 485 498

South Africa (2) = Whole SystemSouth Africa (1) = SAPSE (Higher Education)

Future R&D capacity





Wealth Creation

Imported know-how

Quality of life


Number of publications by gender

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Female Male

Future R&D capacity





Wealth Creation

Imported know-how

Quality of life


Number of publications by race (%)

1 0.5 23 1 4

96.592

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

White Black Coloured Indian

1990 1998

Future R&D capacity





Wealth Creation

Imported know-how

Quality of life


Research output – the ageing of the workforce

6554

1831

45

77

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1990 1994 1998

Under 30 30 - 49 50+

Future R&D capacity





Wealth Creation

Imported know-how

Quality of life


Investment and Outcomes

Indicator/Target 1990 Current 2012 2020

Economic growth attributable to technical progress [note 1]

NA 10% 20% 40%

High and medium tech exports [note 2] NA 30% 40% 50%

Number of SA originated US patents issued [note 3]

100 100 >200 >500

Government civilian R&D as a proportion of GDP

0.36% estimate

0.29% 0.6% 0.75%

Government R&D expenditure/GDP 0.48% 0.36% 0.66% 0.81%

Intellectual property net cost to SA (copyright and royalties) [note 4]

R200m R800m Ratio

improves

Ratio improves

Internet hosts per 1000 people [note 5a] 0 8.4 64 100

Telephone Density per 1000 people [note 5b] 87 270 700 900

In summary

• South Africa currently faces erosion of its S&T base and requires clear interventions to reverse this and ensure S&T plays a key role in and for the quality of lives of all our people

• Wealth creation in modern economies is dependent on innovation, research and development. South Africa must grow its investment in this domain and strategically target resources to meet its objectives

Implementation of the New National S&T Strategy

The three operational objectives of the strategy are:• Achieving mastery of technological change in

our economy and society (Innovation)• Increasing investment in South Africa’s Science

base (Human Capital and Transformation)• Strengthening and realigning the S&T

machinery of government (Alignment and Delivery)

Establish technology missions

•Technology missions– Basis of business growth (the key driver is

innovation and improvement)– Creates new firms and technology platforms

for industry– Links SET human resource to key industrial

strategies– Allows industry to be a “smart buyer” of

imported know-how

Potential technology missions

• Poverty alleviation and rural development• Key technology platforms

– National Biotechnology Strategy

– ICT

• Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics (including plant, equipment and machinery); and

• Technology and knowledge to leverage resource-based industries

Strategy Linkages

• This component of the strategy links to:– Poverty alleviation and the Integrated Rural

Development Strategy– the dti “Acceleating Growth and Development

The Contribution of the Integrated Manufacturing Strategy

– The R&D strategy of the Department of Agriculture

– The Government’s ICT initiatives

Human Capital and Transformation

• Investment in South Africa’s new scientists and science

Increasing investment in South Africa’s science base

• Strengthening the generation new knowledge across science, engineering and technology

• Unlocking the “frozen demographics” by creating a new generation of black and women scientists, engineers and technologists

• Increasing our human capacity for participation in technological change

• Targeting social sciences to support this national strategy

Strengthening human resources for SET

• New science themes – generate enthusiasm among our youth and students for science in Africa

• Centres of Excellence strategy and new funding to attract more students into SET (NRF)

• Specific funds for NEPAD and Global science participation

• Closer cooperation with DoE and Department of Labour– School level maths, computing and science– Public understanding and engagement– Tertiary research– Public mastery of S&T

Popularising Science

• “Big” science in South Africa– Beyond a ‘facilities’ view to a “thematic” view– Captialise on “locational advantages”– Continental perspective– Integrate social sciences

• The potential themes– Southern Oceans, Islands and Antarctic – Indigenous knowledge– Bio-resources/sciences– Astronomy and earth observation– Paleo-world

Increasing our human capacity• Unlock the “frozen” demographics by increasing intake

of black and women students into SET • Work with Departments of Labour and Education on

integrated SET human resource strategy• Develop NEPAD, SADC and AU networks of

researchers• Work closely with global research and technology

programmes • Work with Home Affairs on researcher mobility and

retention of local skills

Alignment and delivery• Strengthening and realigning

the S&T machinery of government

Strengthening and realigning the S&T machinery of

government

• Improving investment strategies for government’s SET institutions (knowledge infrastructure)

• Improving the alignment of government’s S&T machinery with governmental responsibilities and purposes

• Intervention for private sector research

Strengthening knowledge infrastructure

• Enabling legislation for governance of the system– Better definition of line and cross-cutting responsibilities

in S&T– Proper framework for integrating S&T and R&D planning

across government – Budget responsibilities

• Enabling legislation: Defining responsibilities for intellectual property from publicly financed research (with DTI)

• Funding options for SET institutions (Core funding and Performance contracts)

Alignment with government purpose

• 3-year government R&D plan “in sync” with MTEF captures vision and key targets

• Line Department R&D plans – Key programmes, institutions, outputs– annual update– KPIs and reviews

• Risk management, foresight capacity and budget integration in DACST

• Standard governance/reporting framework for all S&T institutions (line, tertiary and cross-cutting)

Private sector interventions

• Develop fiscal incentives for private sector R&D in line with the changes globally (DTI lead)

• Support stronger provincial initiatives (CITI, CapeBioTech, Blue IQ, etc. to attract knowledge intensive activities to SA)

• Create a dedicated fund for global technology sourcing (when not available in SA) by small and medium firms

• DTI establishes enabling environment for venture capital (seed and early stage, high tech)

Private Sector (continued)

• Link private sector strongly to the new technology missions and the national Foundation Technological Innovation

• Attract global research capacities and knowledge intensive FDI (with support from Home Affairs and DTI)

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

3500000

4000000

Ran

ds

(mill

ion

s)

2001/2002 2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008

Years

Main elements of R&D strategy

Human resources and transfromation Government S&T infrastructure Innovation missions

DACST:•Coherence and integration of government S&T (National R&D plan)•Science and technology vote (integration)•Cross-cutting institutions

Line Departments:

S&T (R&D) plan for competence area

•Line budget for R&D•Line-specific S&T institutions

DoE and Labour:

•NHRD Plan•R&D funding formula•Training levy (SET component)•Tertiary institutions•SETAs

Key roles from a resources perspective

Our MandateOur Mandate

Constituted as a Science Council by an Act of Parliament:

“In the national interest, the CSIR, through directed and multi-disciplinary research and

technological innovation, should foster industrial and scientific development, either by

itself, or in partnership with public or private sector institutions, to contribute to the

improvement of the quality of life of the people in South Africa”. (and the region)

(Extract from CSIR Act)

Our VisionOur Vision

To be the best in technology, leadership & partnering,

and - through our people -

to fight poverty,

build global competitiveness

and make an enduring difference

in people’s lives

Problem Statement/ Objectives

• We are not happy with the current state of Science and Technology at CSIR, and the rigour in our parliamentary grant funded projects

• We want to improve the parliamentary grant allocation process

• We want to improve career paths in S&T/ R&D • We want to improve our science base, our S&T outputs/

achievements/ relevance, outcomes and impact• We want to create space for new fields of S&T/

technology applications

Strategy

• Strategy 2008– Alignment with new National R&D strategy

– Focus on SET Excellence

– Accessing the Best Minds

– Strategic management of innovation/ business excellence

– Contribution to sustainable socio-economic development

• CSIR as an agency of the state, an institution in the national system of innovation (NSI), understanding the landscape, with relevant strategic capacity to play its appropriate networked role in the NSI

• CSIR’s role in redressing inequalities of the past, delivering on the goals of growth and development, through the use of science and technology

Independentexpert review

Independentexpert review

SRPSRPSRPSRP

Business Plans Business Plans

IAFIAFIAFIAF

Small team chaired by Execwith appropriate stakeholder input

Small team chaired by Execwith appropriate stakeholder input

Investment plansInvestment plans

NewInitiative

NewInitiative

PG Investment and Review Framework

Small team chaired by Execwith significant stakeholder andCustomer input

Small team chaired by Execwith significant stakeholder andCustomer input

Independent assessmentIndependent assessment

BUBU

RAPRAP

ExecutiveExecutiveExecutiveExecutive

RAPRAPRAPRAPRAPRAP RAPRAP RAPRAP

BUBU ThemeThemeThemeThemeBUBU

Investment Plans

SET reviews,

New

initiatives

Investment Plans

SET reviews,

New

initiatives

Appropriate Stakeholder, Customer and Domain Expert inputAppropriate Stakeholder, Customer and Domain Expert input

Research Advisory Panels

The aim is provide domain specific guidance on stakeholder and market needs, and to give direction in terms of current and future S&T trends. Managed by BUs or Themes, typical levels of implementation

• Level 1:• Input from at least an internal advisory panel

• Level 2:• Input from advisory panel, with at least some

internationally recognised experts

• Level 3:• Full advisory panel with expert, industry, community,

govt (including user groups, vested interest groups) advisory input or formal advisory structure

Parliamentary Grant Transportek

• PG makes up approximately R14,3 million– No grant from NDoT– 1980s investment approximately R45m – R50m in

2003 rands

• External Income R46 million• PG 24% total income• Technology management process for investment• PG invested strategically to ensure continued

sustainability of BU and in line with CSIR’s mandate

Research Investment – Pavement Engineering (2003/04)

• Technology development– Evaluation of low-volume pavements using marginal materials– A comprehensive mechanistic-empirical design method for unbound

pavement layers– Development of appropriate tests for assessing cold in-place recycled

materials (strain-at-break & Texas triaxial)– Rapid shear strength test device

• Product development– Pavement Design and Analysis System (PADS; to be demonstrated at the US

on Friday)– Finite element engine for flexible pavement analysis– SIM data knowledge base– Revision of the HVS database

Research Investment – Pavement Engineering (2004/05)

• Technology development– A comprehensive mechanistic-empirical design method for

unbound pavement layers (continued)– Durability of road construction materials– Techniques for controlling/reducing erosion– Test methods for predicting permanent deformation in HMA

• Product development– PADS series (continued)– Finite element engine for flexible pavement analysis

(continued)– Pavement design textbook

Conclusions

• Positive indications that investment in R&D to increase – strategic focus

• Indications from NDOT – New strategic research focus– Dedicated research programme to benefit of industry– Continuation of public/private participation– Process in place with SANRAL

• CSIR– Strategy to ensure mandate being addressed– Peer reviews, S&T excellence– Without loss of business excellence

Conclusions• CSIR-Transportek

– Re-introduction of advisory committees• Focus – peer review, S&T excellence

– Looking at RPF to play a role (Infrastructure Engineering Programme)

– Options• Expanded role of APT Steering Committee• Creation of new RPF Committee• Representation of RPF on RAC

road pavements forum 7 th meeting update on state of research

Documents

rd strategy

rd functions

economic strategy

national research

gdp billions ppp us

gdp vs

economic cluster

new planfconsistent