Organization Behaviour

Introduction

Organizational Behavior

A field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness.

importance of OBimportance of OBRoad map to our lives in organizationsHelps us understand and predict organizational lifeInfluences events in organizationsHelps understand self and others betterHelps a manager get things done betterHelps maintain cordial relationsHelps in career planning and development

The organisational icebergThe organisational iceberg

SourceSource: Don Hellriegel, John W. Slocum, Jr and Richard W. Woodman, : Don Hellriegel, John W. Slocum, Jr and Richard W. Woodman, OOrganizational Behavior, rganizational Behavior, Eighth edition, South-Western Publishing © (1998), p.6. Reprinted with the permission of South-Eighth edition, South-Western Publishing © (1998), p.6. Reprinted with the permission of South-

Western, a division of Thomson Learning: www.thomsonrights.com. Fax 800 730 2215.Western, a division of Thomson Learning: www.thomsonrights.com. Fax 800 730 2215.

Figure 2.3

What sinks a ship isn’t always What sinks a ship isn’t always what sailors can see, but what what sailors can see, but what they can’t see.they can’t see.

Contributing Disciplines

Many behavioral sciences have contributed to the development ofOrganizationalBehavior

Psychology

The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals.

Unit of Analysis:– Individual

Contributions to OB:– Learning, motivation, personality, emotions, perception– Training, leadership effectiveness, job satisfaction– Individual decision making, performance appraisal attitude

measurement– Employee selection, work design, and work stress

Social Psychology

An area within psychology that blends concepts from psychology and sociology and that focuses on the influence of people on one another.

Unit of Analysis:– Group

Contributions to OB:– Behavioral change– Attitude change– Communication– Group processes– Group decision making

Sociology

Unit of Analysis:-- Organizational System

Contributions to OB:– Group dynamics– Work teams– Communication– Power– Conflict– Intergroup behavior

-- Group

– Formal organization theory– Organizational technology– Organizational change– Organizational culture

The study of people in relation to their fellow human beings.

Anthropology

Unit of Analysis:-- Organizational System

Contributions to OB:– Organizational culture– Organizational environment

-- Group

– Comparative values– Comparative attitudes– Cross-cultural analysis

The study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities.

Major disciplines and their contributions to ob

Intuition and Systematic Study

The two are complementary means of predicting behavior.

BASIC NATURE OB applies the scientific method to practical

managerial problems. Focuses on 3 levels of analysis-individuals,groups and

organization Multidisciplinary in nature Recognizes dynamic nature of organizations OB assumes there is no “one best “ approach

The role of management as an integrating activityThe role of management as an integrating activity

Challenges and Opportunities for OB

Responding to Globalization

Managing Workforce Diversity

Managing ethical behaviour

Improving Quality and Productivity

Improving Customer Service

Improving People Skills

Stimulating Innovation and Change

Helping Employees Balance Work-Life Conflicts

Creating a Positive Work Environment

Responding to Globalization

Increased foreign

assignments

Working with people from

different culture

Managing people during the

war on terror

Managing Workforce Diversity

The people in organizations are becoming more heterogeneous demographically– Embracing diversity– Changing demographics– Changing management philosophy – Recognizing and responding to differences

OB Models

Autocratic Custodial Supportive Collegial

Model dependson

Power Economic resources

Leadership Partnership

Managerial orientation

Authority Money Support Teamwork

Employee orientation

Obedience Security Job Responsibility

Employee psychological result

Dependence on boss

Dependence on organization

Participation Self- discipline

Employees needs met

Subsistence Maintenance Higher-order Self-actualization

Performance result

Minimum Passive cooperation

Awakened drives

Moderate enthusiasm