Robert Scranton ©2008

Develops from _______ & ________ buds of the duodenum

The portion becomes the _____________ and a portion of the ______.

The enzymes ________ & ______ appear around age 2.

Dorsal Ventral

Ventral Uncinate ProcessHead

amylase lipase

Classified as a _______________________ gland.serous, compound acinar

AKA interlobular

Partially lined by centroacinar cells

Both centroacinar and intercalted duct cells secrete a substance containing ___________ to ______________________.

Both are stimulated by the hormone _________ from the ________________ cells of the ________________.

Why make bicarb in the first place?

Remember that the lining they form is incomplete.

Describe their appearance.

bicarbonate neutralize stomach acid

secretinenteroendocrine GI tract mucosa

Short cuboidal w/ clear cytoplasm

The stomach acid needs to be neutralized to optimize the activity of pancreatic digestive enzymes

Centroacinar and Acinar Cells

Synthesize and secrete (exocytosis) many digestive proenzymes.

Must be in an _______ environment to function.

Two stimuli:

Appearance and Arrangement

Major proenzymes (4), all packaged in ________________ on the apical side by the ______________

alkaline

CCKVagal (parasympathetic) innervation

Pyramidally shaped, basophilic (more so on the ________ side b/c of the _____)

basalRER

Protease- proteinsLipase- lipids

Amylase- carbsRibonuclease & deoxyribonuclease- nucleic acids

Zymogen granulesGolgi apparatus

Outline the Acini

Remember the big picture.

Acute pancreatitis (inflammation)- result of

Pancreas digests itself from within, loss of function not apparent until _______ loss.

_________ & _______ measurable in blood.

Islet of Langerhans usually spared until __________________

Pancreatic carcinoma is _____ but is typically _____.

Biliary tract disease

Alcoholism

60-80%

Amylase

Lipase

Chronic Pancreatitis

rare fatal

Made of islands of ______________ AKA islets of ___________.

Most islets are found in the ____ of the pancreas and composed of 4 cell types secreting 4 different things.

Epitheloid cells

Langerhans

tail

Epitheloid cells

Langerhans

tail

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

IDDM and NIDDM- make sure you read over these diseases, though this will more than likely be focused on in courses other than microanatomy.

Where pancreas secretes gastrin stimulating gastric hypersecretion and peptic ulcerationEtiology- islet tumor/ gastrinoma

α Always stimulates

Increases hepatic synthesis and storage of glycogen

Increases transport of glucose into muscle

Promotes triglyceride storage in fat

Secretion stimulated by glucose

This year’s Presidental Lecture featured Dr. Kahn who focused on insulin. Watch it here if you have a chance after exams, I promise it is worth your time.

Stimulates use of glycogen

Gluconeogenesis in liver

Inhibited by glucose (feedback mechanism)

Inhibits insulin, glucagon and digestive function

unknown