ROBOTIC SYSTEM FOR INDUSTRIAL AND DOMESTIC APPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

An industrial robot is defined by ISO 8373 as an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator programmable in three or more axes. The field of robotics may be more practically defined as the study, design and use of robot systems for manufacturing.

This project is a study about the industrial prototype robotic arm automation, this is achieved with successful commanding of options that is on wireless commanding using personal computer whereas wireless communications is achieved with personal computer, a user will be having a option of commanding robot with a windows form .net will be provided so that the user can interact with the robotic arm.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

CONTENTSCONTENTS

Chapter

No.

Title Page No.

LIST OF FIGURES I

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2

3

4

BLOCK DIAGRAM DISCRIPTION

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

3.1 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

3.2 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

INTERFACING UNIT

2

5

6

13

5 TESTING AND RESULT

6 ADVANTAGES , APPLICATIONS

5.2 ADVANTAGES

8 CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

APPENDIX – DATASHEETS

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF FIGURESFig No. Title Page No

2.1 Block diagram3.1 Front view of Microsoft visual studio 2010.net3.2 .NET framework platform architecture3.3 Front view of AVR studio version 53.4 Zigbee transceiver CC25003.5 Pin diagram Atmega 83.6 L293D motor driver IC

F 3.7 Truth Table conditions applied for control the direction of robotic vehicle

3.8 Interfacing of motor to motor driver IC3.9 LM35 temperature sensor

3.10 LDR sensor

3.11 proximity sensor

4.1 Interfacing of the hardware components5.1 Login Form5.2 Application window

i

LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Robotic process automation (RPA) is the application of technology that allows employees in a company to configure computer software or a “robot” to capture and interpret existing applications for processing a transaction, manipulating data, triggering responses and communicating with other digital systems.

Any company that uses labour on a large scale for general knowledge process work, where people are performing high-volume, highly transactional process functions, will boost their capabilities and save money and time with robotic process automation software.

As industrial robots are remaking the manufacturing industry by creating higher production rates and improved quality, RPA “robots” are revolutionizing the way we think about and administer business processes, IT support processes, workflow processes, remote infrastructure and back-office work. RPA provides dramatic improvements in accuracy and cycle time and increased productivity in transaction processing while it elevates the nature of work by removing people from dull, repetitive tasks.

The technology of RPA can be applied specifically to a wide range of industries.

CHAPTER 2

BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Pick and place robot is the one which is used to pick up an object and place it in the desired location. It can be a cylindrical robot providing movement in horizontal, vertical and rotational axes, a spherical robot providing two rotational and one linear movement, an articulate robot or a scara robot (fixed robots with 3 vertical axes rotary arms). 

Advantages

Before moving further, let us see few reasons why pick and place robots are preferred:

They are faster and can get the work done in seconds compared to their human counterparts.

They are flexible and have the appropriate design. They are accurate. They increase the safety of the working environment and actually never get tired.

Parts of a Pick N Place Robot

Working of a Basic Pick N Place Robot:

The basic function of a pick and place robot is done by its joints. Joints are analogous to human joints and are used to join the two consecutive rigid bodies in the robot. They can be rotary joint or linear joint. To add a joint to any link of a robot, we need to know about the degrees of freedom and degrees of movement for that body part. Degrees of freedom implement the linear and rotational movement of the body and Degrees of movement imply the number of axis the body can move.

MOTOR1:hold and release the object

MOTOR2:lift and hold the object

MOTOR3 ,MOTOR4:forward,backward,right and left direction control.

SENSOR1:temperature

SENSOR2:light intensity  luminous

SENSOR3:metel detector

Fig 2.1 Block diagram

Block diagram consists of Atmega8L microcontroller, zigbee transceiver, two L293D motor drivers, four DC and a personal computer which supports .NET software.

The Atmega8L microcontroller resides on the AVR platform with a power supply of 5V. The wireless technology used here for the operation is zigbee cc2500 which consists of a transmitter and a receiver that makes it a half duplex transceiver. It operates on frequency of 2.4GHZ and it is not affected by any obstacles.

There are two motor drivers that drives the four motors for locomotion purpose.The three sensors that is temperature sensor LM35, LDR and proximity sensor are connected to the microcontroller.

Working principle:

The above system shows a prototype module of a multipurpose robotic system, the main intention of the system to provide a flexibility of work in nature to the present industrial automations, mine detections and other physical parameters monitoring service over our environment changes .This system works in the principle of wireless system where the robot is automated with the help of a windows frame work built with a help of visual studio .net ,where the user will made more convenient with this help of frame work to the system the user will command the robot with the help of the frame work.The user commanded requests will be sent to end system with the help of a PAN network devices like Zigbee once the data received by the end robot system the controller will take the decision and execute to physical actions of robot with respect user commands ,this system is also interfaced with sensors as have the serve of the work region .This system contains three kind of sensors temperature ,light and proximity sensor.This sensors will read the physical parameters and provide the data to user during the request.The robot can perform following functions like Moving forward ,backward,right,left and also functions hold ,release ,pick and placing of objects .This complete system provide a multi functional operation and functions as per request of user and makes the work flow easier.

CHAPTER 3

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

2.3 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

Microsoft visual studio 2010.net

AVR studio version5

SINA programmer

2.3.1 MICROSOFT VISUAL STUDIO 2010.NET:

Fig 2.17 Shows Front View of Microsoft Visual Software 2010.Net

C# is an elegant and type-safe object-oriented language that enables developers to build a

variety of secure and robust applications that run on the .NET Framework. You can use C# to

create traditional Windows client applications, XML Web services, distributed components,

client-server applications, database applications, and much, much more. Visual C# provides an

advanced code editor, convenient user interface designers, integrated debugger, and many other

tools to make it easier to develop applications based on version 4.0 of the C# language and

version 4.0 of the .NET Framework.

.NET Framework Platform Architecture

C# programs run on the .NET Framework, an integral component of Windows that

includes a virtual execution system called the common language runtime (CLR) and a unified set

of class libraries. The CLR is the commercial implementation by Microsoft of the common

language infrastructure (CLI), an international standard that is the basis for creating execution

and development environments in which languages and libraries work together seamlessly.

Source code written in C# is compiled into an intermediate language (IL) that conforms to the

CLI specification. The IL code and resources, such as bitmaps and strings, are stored on disk in

an executable file called an assembly, typically with an extension of .exe or .dll. An assembly

contains a manifest that provides information about the assembly's types, version, culture, and

security requirements.

When the C# program is executed, the assembly is loaded into the CLR, which might take

various actions based on the information in the manifest. Then, if the security requirements are

met, the CLR performs just in time (JIT) compilation to convert the IL code to native machine

instructions. The CLR also provides other services related to automatic garbage collection,

exception handling, and resource management. Code that is executed by the CLR is sometimes

referred to as "managed code," in contrast to "unmanaged code" which is compiled into native

machine language that targets a specific system. The following diagram illustrates the compile-

time and run-time relationships of C# source code files, the .NET Framework class libraries,

assemblies, and the CLR.

Language interoperability is a key feature of the .NET Framework. Because the IL code

produced by the C# compiler conforms to the Common Type Specification (CTS), IL code

generated from C# can interact with code that was generated from the .NET versions of Visual

Basic, Visual C++, or any of more than 20 other CTS-compliant languages. A single assembly

may contain multiple modules written in different .NET languages, and the types can reference

each other just as if they were written in the same language.

In addition to the run time services, the .NET Framework also includes an extensive

library of over 4000 classes organized into namespaces that provide a wide variety of useful

functionality for everything from file input and output to string manipulation to XML parsing, to

Windows Forms controls. The typical C# application uses the .NET Framework class library

extensively to handle common "plumbing" chores.

Steps involved in designing a windows form or GUI

Step 1:

Fig 2.18 Create a New Project.

Step 2:

Fig 2.19 Design the Windows Form With the Help of Toolbox.

Step 3:

Fig 2.20 Design is Complete ,Move to Coding for Each Events with C# by Selecting Them.

Step 4:

Fig 2.21 Background Coding for Windows Form Design With C#

Step5: click on run ,for compilation and simulation

2.3.2 AVR STUDIO VERSION5:

Fig 2.22 Shows Front View of AVR Studio Version 5

Atmel® AVR Studio® 5 is the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for

developing and debugging embedded Atmel AVR® applications. The AVR Studio 5 IDE gives you

a seamless and easy-to-use environment to write, build, and debug your C/C++ and assembler

code.Which is used to generate a hex file which is to written to microcontroller with a help of

programmer and a programmer software

Steps involved to generate project hex file:

Step 1:

Fig 2.23 Create a New Project

Step 2 :

Fig 2.24 Select the Target Device for Which the Hex File is to Be Generated

Step3:

Fig 2.25 Write Code With C.

Step4: click on run compile, no errors result.

Step5: build target generate hex file.

2.3.3 SINAPROGRAMMER:

Fig 2.26 Shows Front View of Sina Programmer

SinaProg is burner software with simple user also incorporates an AVR Fuse calculator.

It uses improved AVRDUDE 5.10 & supports new devices &   new lists only the available

ports &  baud rate selection is possible.  It is a standalone simple software & no installation

is select the device type as ATmega16 & set the Programmer to USBasp & port to USB (as seen

at the bottom of window).Click on browse under Hex File and locate the .Hex file to click

Program button under bits can also be programmed .

Data sent

Data received

Commandresponse

Commandrequest

Decisionmaking

Resultoperation

Sensorreading

FLOWCHART:

configuration

input

If Valid command

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Zigbee( CC2500) Microcontroller (atmega8L) Motor drivers IC (L293D)

2.2.1 POWER SUPPLY

The power supply unit is used to provide a constant 5V of DC supply from a 230V of AC

supply. These 5V DC will acts as power to different standard circuits. It mainly uses 3 devices

1. Bridge wave rectifier

2. Voltage regulator

Fig 2.8 : Block Diagram Of Power Supply

BRIDGE WAVE RECTIFIER

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current

(DC), a process known as rectification. The term rectifier describes a diode that is being used to

convert AC to DC.A bridge-wave rectifier converts the whole of the input waveform to one of

constant polarity (positive or negative) at its output. Bridge-wave rectifier converts both polarities

of the input waveform to DC (direct current), and is more efficient. However, in a circuit with a

center tapped transformer (9-0-9) is used.

Fig 2.9 Bridge Wave Rectifier

For single-phase AC, if the transformer is center-tapped, then two diodes back-to-

back(i.e. anodes-to-anode or cathode-to-cathode) can form a full-wave rectifier. Many

windings are required on the transformer secondary to obtain the same output voltage.

In this only two diodes are activated at a time i.e. D1 and D3 activate for positive

cycle and D2 and D4 activates for negative half cycle. D2 and D4 convert negative cycle to

positive cycle as it as negative supply and negative cycle as positive cycle at its output.

VOLTAGE REGULATOR

This is most common voltage regulator that is still used in embedded designs.

LM7805 voltage regulator is a linear regulator. With proper heat sink these LM78xx types

can handle even more than 1A current. They also have Thermal overload protection, Short

circuit protection .This will connect at the output of rectifier to get constant Dc supply

instead of ripple voltages. It mainly consists of 3 pins

1. Input voltage

2. Output voltage

3. Ground

The capacitor C2 is used to get thee ripple voltage as input to regulator instead of full

positive cycles.

Vr = I load/Xc

Fig 2.10 Voltage Regulator

For some devices we require 12V/9V/4V Dc supply at that time we go for

7812/7809/7804 regulator instead of 7805 regulator. It also have same feature and pins has 7805

regulator except output is of 12V/9V/4V instead of 5V.The general circuit diagram for total

power supply to any embedded device is as shown below.

Fig 2.11 Circuit Diagram Of Power Supply

2.2.2 ZIGBEE:

Fig 2.12 Circuit of CC2500 Transceiver RF22 2.4 GHZ (Zigbee)

Overview:

CC2500 RF Module is a transreceiver module which provides easy to use RF

communication at 2.4Ghz. It can be used to transmit and receive data at 9600 baud rates from

any standard CMOS/TTL source. This module is a direct line in replacement for your serial

communication it requires no extra hardware and no extra coding to It works in Half Duplex

mode i.e. it provides communication in both directions, but only one direction at same time

Features:

· Supports Multiple Baud rates ( 9600 )

· Works on ISM band (2.4 GHz)

· No complex wireless connection software or intimate knowledge of RF is required to

connect our serial devices.

· Designed to be aseasy to use as cables.

· No external Antenna required.

· Plug and play device.

· Works on 5 DC supply.

Specifications:

· Input Voltage - 5Volts DC

· Baud Rate - 9600

· RS 232 Interface & TTL Interface

· Range – Max 30 Mtrs - Line of Sight

· Channels - 3 Ch - JP1 & JP2 - Ch 1 On – On

Channel Setting - If U need To use More than 2 Xbee in the same place So U can set in

Applications:

· Wireless Sensor Network.

· Wireless Device Control.

· Wireless Data Transfer.

· Wireless Energy Metering

· Home Automation

2.2.3 MICROCONTROLLER:

Fig 2.13 Show Pin Diagram of Atmega8l-PU

The Atmel®AVR® ATmega8 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the

AVR RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the

ATmega8 achieves throughputs approaching 1MIPS per MHz, allowing the system designer to

optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

Features

High-performance, Low-power Atmel®AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller

Advanced RISC Architecture

130 Powerful Instructions – Most Single-clock Cycle Execution

32 × 8 General Purpose Working Registers

Up to 16MIPS Throughput at 16MHz

High Endurance Non-volatile Memory segments

8Kbytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory

512Bytes EEPROM

1Kbyte Internal SRAM

Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM

Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C(1)

Programming Lock for Software Security

Peripheral Features

Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, one Compare Mode

One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler,Compare Mode, and Capture Mode

Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator

Three PWM Channels.

6-channel ADC in PDIP package

Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface

Programmable Serial USART

Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface

Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator

On-chip Analog Comparator

Special Microcontroller Features

Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator

External and Internal Interrupt Sources

Five Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, and

Standby

I/O and Packages

23 Programmable I/O Lines

28-lead PDIP.

Operating Voltages

2.7V - 5.5V (ATmega8L)

4.5V - 5.5V (ATmega8)

Speed Grades

0 - 8MHz (ATmega8L)

0 - 16MHz (ATmega8)

Power Consumption at 4 MHz, 3V, 25oC

Active: 3.6mA

Idle Mode: 1.0mA

Power-down Mode: 0.5μA

2.2.4 DC Motor

For moving a robot we have two dc motors attached to wheels gears.

Why DC motors

DC motors are most easy to control. One dc motor requires only two signals for its

operation .if we want to change its direction just reverse the polarity of power supply across it.

We can very speed by varying the voltage across motor.

Use of gears

The DC motors don’t have enough torque to drive a robot directly by connecting wheels

in it .Gears used to increase the torque of motor on the expense of its speed.

Mathematical interpretation:

Rotational power(Pr) is given by:

Pr=Torque(T) Rotational Speed

Thus

T= prw

Pr is constant for DC motor for a constant input electrical power. Thus toque(T) is

Inversely proportional speed(w)

T ∝ 1w

Thus to increase the value of torque we have to loose speed.

Fig 2.14 DC Motor View

2.2.5 MOTOR DRIVERS IC:

L298DFeatures

The L293D is a popular motor driver IC that is usable from 6 to12V, at up to 1A total

output current. By itself, the IC is somewhat difficult to wire and use, but the Compact L293D

Motor Driver makes it much more convenient to use.

Board Special Features 

Four motor direction indicator LEDS. Schottky EMF-protection diodes. Socket pin connectors for easy logic interfacing. Enable pins are user accessible.

Table 2.1 Controlling Of Motor Direction With Respect Input To Driver

Fig 2.15 Interfaceing Motor To Driver

LEFT M-

1LEFT M-2 RIGHT M-1 RIGHT M-2 Motion

1 0 1 0 Forward

0 1 0 1 Backward

0 1 1 0 Left

1 0 0 1Right

 

Table 2.2 Conditions Applied For Control the Direction Of Robotic Vehicle

Where, LEFT M-1 and LEFT M-2 are terminals of left motor and RIGHT M-1 & RIGHT

M-2 are terminals of right motor.

Fig 2.16 Interfacing of Motor to Motor Driver IC

Sensors:

• Temperature sensor• LDR light sensor• Metal detection sensors

LM35 Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensors

Fig 3.9 LM35 temperature sensor

F1eatures1• Calibrated Directly in Celsius (Centigrade)• Linear + 10-mV/°C Scale Factor • 0.5°C Ensured Accuracy (at 25°C) • Rated for Full −55°C to 150°C • Suitable for Remote Applications • Low-Cost Due to Wafer-Level • Operates from 4 V to 30 V • Less than 60-μA Current Drain • Low Self-Heating, 0.08°C in Still Air • Non-Linearity Only ±¼°C Typical • Low-Impedance Output, 0.1 Ωfor 1-mA Load

Applications

• Power Supplies • Battery Management • HVAC

• Appliances

Description

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature devices with an output voltage linearly- proportional to the Centigrade temperature. The LM35 device has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the use is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from the output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 device does not require a external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of ±¼°C at room temperature and ± over a full −55°C to 150°C temperature range. Lower cost is assured by trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The low-output impedance, linear output,and precise inherent calibration of the LM35 device makes interfacing to readout or control circuitry especially easy. The device is used with single power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies.

LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTORS - LDR

Two cadmium sulphide(cds) photoconductive cells with spectral responsessimilar to that of the human eye. The cell resistance falls with increasing lightintensity. Applications include smoke detection, automatic lighting control,batch counting and burglar alarm systems.

Fig 3.10 LDR sensor

Applications

Photoconductive cells are used in many different types of circuits andapplications.Analog ApplicationsCamera Exposure ControlAuto Slide Focus - dual cellPhotocopy Machines - density of tonerColorimetric Test EquipmentDensitometerElectronic Scales - dual cellAutomatic Gain Control – modulated lightsourceAutomated Rear View Mirror

Sensitivity

The sensitivity of a photodetector is the relationship between the light falling on the device and the resulting output signal. In the case of a photocell, one is dealing with the relationship between the incident light and the corresponding resistance of the cell.

INDUCTIVE PROXIMITY SENSORS

DESCRIPTION & OPERATION

Inductive Proximity Sensors detect the presence of metal objects which come within range of their oscillating field and provide target detection to “zero speed”. Internally, an oscillator creates a high frequency electromagnetic field (RF) which is radiated from the coil and out from the sensor face. When a metal object enters this field, eddy currents are induced into the object.As the metal moves closer to the sensor, these eddy currents increase and result in an absorption of energy from the coil which dampens the oscillator amplitude until it finally stops.

Fig 3.11 proximity sensor

SELECTION AND APPLICATION OF PROXIMITY SENSORS

Selection of the proper proximity sensor depends on the size, material, and spacing of the target being sensed and the sensing distance that can be maintained. The maximum sensing distance is defined as the distance in which the sensor is just close enough to detect a ferrous target whose diameter is equal to or greater than the sensor diameter. In actual application, the sensing distance should be between 50 to 80% of the maximum sensing range to assure reliable detection. Ideally, spacing between adjacent targets should be at least one sensor diameter so that the first target completely leaves the sensors field before the next target appears. Individual targets can still be resolved as separate objects if this spacing is reduced to 70 or 75% of the sensor diameter, however, this can introduce a minimum limit on sensing distance that makes adjustment more critical. All Proximity sensors are internally shielded which allows the sensor face to be flush mounted in metal applications without reducing sensing distance. In applications

where proximity sensors must be placed next to each other, a distance of at least 1 sensor diameter should separate sensors to eliminate any frequency interference

CHAPTER 4

INTERFACING

INTERFACING UNIT:

Fig 4.1 Interfacing of hardware components

Atmega 8 microcontroller consists of 28 pins and 3 ports i.eportB and portC and portD. Port C and port D are 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors andPort C is an 7-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors. Three sensors are connected to the portC of the microcontroller that is temperature sensor, LDR and proximity sensor. PortD pins PD0 and PD1 are connected to the transmitter and receiver section of the serial communication port. MAX232 it is a standard for serial communication. Two motor drivers are connected to the microcontroller portB. These motor drivers are interfaced with the motor.It consists of four motors two for left locomotion and two for right locomotion.Zigbee is used for wireless communication. It is operating at a frequency of 2.4GHZ and it is not affected by any obstacles.

CHAPTER 5

TESTING AND RESULT

TESTING AND RESULT:

Following are the test cases that were conducted to check the correct running of the entire package:Login(admin)form: To enter into the system as an administrator.

Fig 5.1 Login Form Case1: Enter the valid name and password and login button. The system should

display the application window. Case2: Enter the valid name and password and click login button. System should

display a message indicating invalid name password.

This is the “Login Form” which is used to the main window. In this form user will enter the username and password. The code will check whether the username and password is same as in database. If so an message box which is a pop up displaying login successful will be displayed or else login unsuccessful. Only authorized person can Logon this

page. Then the user should click on the “Login” button. If the user name and password matches with the database main menu form will be displayed else user gets an error message. After logging in a window opens application window

Application window:

Fig 5.2 Application window

Enter the com port connected to the system and press on OPEN COM

With the help of the cursor perform the operations like forward, backward, left, right, stop, release, hold, up and down such that the robotic arm will operate based on this conditions.

Click on “GET SENSOR READINGS” button to get the readings of the three sensors like temperature, LDR and proximity sensors.

CHAPTER 6

APPLICATIONS AND ADVANTAGES

APPLICATION:Process automationTechnologies like presentation-layer automation software – a technology that mimics the steps of a rules-based, non-subjective process without compromising the existing IT architecture – are able to consistently carry out prescribed functions and easily scale up or down to meet demand. Process automation can expedite back-office tasks in finance, procurement, supply chain management, accounting, customer service and human resources, including data entry, purchase order issuing, creation of online access credentials, or business processes that require “swivel-chair” access to multiple existing systems.IT support and managementAutomated processes in the remote management of IT infrastructures can consistently investigate and solve problems for faster process throughput. RPA can improve service desk operations and the monitoring of network devices. Separating scalability from human resources allows a company to handle short-term demand without extra recruiting or training.Automated assistant

As in voice recognition software or automated online assistants, developments in how machines process language, retrieve information and structure basic content mean that RPA can provide answers to employees or customers in natural language rather than in software code. This technology can help to conserve resources for large call centers and for customer interaction centers.As RPA brings more technologically-advanced solutions to businesses around the world, operating models that adopt automation, whether in-house or offshored, will cut costs, drive efficiency and improve quality.

ADVANTAGES:

The machine will be of great use to perform repetitive tasks of picking and placing of small parts (up to 500 gms) in an industrial production line.

Its use can be extended and exploited by few modifications to do difficult and hazardous tasks for industrial applications.

It can be used to do small assembly work effectively due to its great added accuracy for placement of parts, which is further extended scope of our project

CHAPTER 7

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION

This project has been credited with technologies which are helpful in industries like automotive, aerospace ,electronics,food and beverage,construction. No matter which way slice it,a human arm may be similar to a robotic industrial arm in movement,but it cannot match the strengthand accuracy of a robotic arm.Hence they are used to lower their production and labour cost and decrease work related injuries and accidents With these robots in place,along with their necessary safety packages, workers kept clear of hazardous environments,toxic fumes and tedious,sometimes injury inducing work.These same workers also gain a skill set when learning how to program these user friendly industrialrobotic arms.All these benefits continue to grow as robots continue to improve and enhance overtime This project has been a great help and experience in understanding the actual difficulties with which one comes across while trying to put up thoughts and plans to actual work

REFERENCE

[1] ”Industrial Robot ,An International Journal “,Emerald Group Publishing Limited,

Volume 32, Number 6,2005, Robot-By-Voice: Experiments On Commanding An

Industrial Robot Using The Human Voice.

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics, ROBOTICS

[3] http://www.explainthatstuff.com/voicerecognition.html

APPENDIX-DATA SHEETS