robots second quarter ay 2011-2012 dps

ROBOTICS CLASS SECOND QUARTERACADEMIC YEAR 2011-2012

DILIMAN PREPARATORY SCHOOLHIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

ROBOTA robot is a mechanical intelligent agent which can perform tasks on its own, or with guidance. In practice a robot is usually an electro-mechanical machine which is guided by computer and electronic programming.

It is a system that contains sensors, control systems, manipulators, power supplies and software all working together to perform a task.

Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, structural disposition, manufacture and application of robots.

ROBOTICS

REVIEW

What are the Disciplines involved in Robotics?•Physics•Mechanical Engineering•Electrical Engineering•Structural Engineering•Mathematics•Computing In some cases :

•Biology•Medicine•Chemistry

A study of robotics means that students are actively engaged with all of these disciplines in a deeply problem-posing problem-solving environment.

REVIEW

ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROBOTSSensing A robot would have to be able to sense its surroundings. Giving your robot sensors: light sensors (eyes), touch and pressure sensors (hands), chemical sensors (nose), hearing and sonar sensors (ears), and taste sensors (tongue) will give your robot awareness of its environment.

Movement A robot needs to be able to move around its environment. Whether rolling on wheels, walking on legs or propelling by thrusters a robot needs to be able to move

EnergyA robot needs to be able to power itself. A robot might be solar powered, electrically powered, battery powered. The way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.

Intelligence A robot needs some kind of "smarts." This is where programming enters the pictures. A programmer is the person who gives the robot its 'smarts.' The robot will have to have some way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.

REVIEW

LEGO MINDSTORMS NXTLego Mindstorms NXT is a programmable robotics kit released by Lego in late July 2006. It replaced the first-generation Lego Mindstorms kit, which was called the Robotics Invention System. The base kit ships in two versions: the Retail Version (set #8527) and the Education Base Set (set #9797). It comes with the NXT-G programming software, but a variety of unofficial languages exist, such as NXC, NBC, leJOS NXJ, and RobotC. A new version of the set, the new Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0, was released on August 1, 2009, featuring a color sensor and other upgraded capabilities.

LESSON PROPER

NXT Intelligent Brick

The main component in the kit is a brick-shaped computer called the NXT Intelligent Brick. It can take input from up to four sensors and control up to three motors, viaRJ12 cables, very similar to but incompatible with RJ11 phone cords. The brick has a 100x64 pixel monochrome LCD display and four buttons that can be used to navigate a user interface using hierarchical menus. It also has a speaker and can play sound files at sampling rates up to 8 kHz. Power is supplied by 6 AA (1.5 V each) batteries in the consumer version of the kit and by a Li-Ion rechargeable battery and charger in the educational version

LESSON PROPER

PARTS OF NXT INTELLIGENT BRICKLESSON PROPER

BASIC TERMS

Axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear.The number indicates the no. of studs an axle can be measured in horizontal position.(Ex. Technic Axle 7, seven is the number of studs an axle my be measured in a horizontal position) Studs are the bumps traditionally associated with Lego partsTechnic is a line of Lego interconnecting plastic rods and parts. Bush (Bushing) is a sleeve-shaped lining utilized to reduce friction and wear between mechanical parts or to restrain or constrain the motion of the parts.

Bush / Bushing Axle

LESSON PROPER - TERMS

Beam is long thick piece used in construction of robots. The number after the word indicates the number of holes the beam contains. Example : Technic Beam 3 x 5 Bent 90

Pin and Angle Connector are used to connect parts together.

Beams

Pins

Angle Connectors

BASIC TERMS LESSON PROPER - TERMS

HANDS – ON ACTIVITY(FIVE-MINUTE BOT)

http://www.nxtprograms.com/five_minute_bot/steps.html

HANDS-ON

MOTORS (2)

Lego Technic system has always included a variety of different electric motors. Broadly, these divide into those powered by batteries, held in a connected battery box, or by mains electricity, via a transformer. Battery-power is the most common.

FIVE-MINUTE BOT ACTIVITY (FAMILIARIZATION OF SOME LEGO MINDSTORM NXT PARTS)

http://static.robotclub.ab.ca/pages/nxt/InventoryComparison/nxt_1_vs_2.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lego_Technic

HANDS-ON

Wheel (2)


Tyre (2)

Technic Axle 7 (2) Technic Bush (4)

HANDS-ON

Technic Beam 3 x 3.8 x 7 Liftarm Bent 45 Double (2)


Technic Beam 3 x 5 Bent 90 (2)

Technic Pin with Friction and Slots (18)

Technic Axle Pin with Friction (4)

HANDS-ON


Technic Beam 5 (2)

Technic Pin Long with Friction and Slots (4)

Technic Beam 15 (1) Technic Beam 3 (2)

HANDS-ON


Technic Wedge Belt Wheel (2)

Technic Angle Connector #1 (2 - black, or blue color)

Technic Axle 3 (1)

Electric Cable NXT 35cm (2)

HANDS-ON

PREPARE FOR A 30-ITEM QUIZ ABOUT THE TOPIC

PREPARE FOR A PRACTICAL TEST (FAMILIARIZATION OF SOME LEGO MINDSTORM NXT PARTS)

ASSIGNMENT

robots second quarter ay 2011-2012 dps

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