Rocks and MineralsRocks and Minerals

Igneous RocksIgneous Rocks

ObjectivesObjectives

1.1. Distinguish between rocks and Distinguish between rocks and mineralsminerals

2.2. List the three major classification List the three major classification groups of rocksgroups of rocks

3.3. Explain the process by which Explain the process by which igneous rocks formigneous rocks form

4.4. Distinguish between Distinguish between intrusiveintrusive and and extrusiveextrusive igneous rocks igneous rocks

5.5. Explain how crystal size is used to Explain how crystal size is used to determine a rocks cooling historydetermine a rocks cooling history

6.6. Using the characteristics of crystal Using the characteristics of crystal size, mineral composition, density size, mineral composition, density and color student should be able to and color student should be able to identify an unknown igneous rock identify an unknown igneous rock using the E.S.R.T’susing the E.S.R.T’s

7.7. Describe the portion of the crust Describe the portion of the crust where where felsicfelsic vx. vx. mafic mafic rocks are rocks are common.common.

Igneous RocksIgneous Rocks

Lava!!Lava!!Extrusive Igneous Lava

Objective 1Objective 1

Rocks are Rocks are mademade of minerals. Rocks of minerals. Rocks can be made of only can be made of only oneone mineral or mineral or several.several.

Rock of Rock of GibraltarGibraltar

Objective 2Objective 2

_________ Produced by the _________ Produced by the solidification of magmasolidification of magma

___________ Produced by ___________ Produced by compaction and compaction and cementation of fragments.cementation of fragments.

__________ produced from __________ produced from preexisting rocks by heat preexisting rocks by heat and pressureand pressure

Slate

Igneous

Sedimentary

Metamorphic

Objective 3 Objective 3

Igneous rocks form by the _______ of Igneous rocks form by the _______ of liquid magma or lava which causes liquid magma or lava which causes ________ into rock.________ into rock.– If solidification occurs __________ the If solidification occurs __________ the

earth’s surface an _______ rock is earth’s surface an _______ rock is formed.formed.

– Due to the slow cooling rate beneath the Due to the slow cooling rate beneath the surface, crystals grow surface, crystals grow largelarge in size and in size and we call the rock ______ grained.we call the rock ______ grained.

Cooling

solidification

beneathIntrusive

coarse

If solidification occurs ________ the If solidification occurs ________ the earth’s surface an ________ igneous earth’s surface an ________ igneous rock is formed.rock is formed.

Due to the fast cooling rate above Due to the fast cooling rate above the surface, crystals grow ______ in the surface, crystals grow ______ in size and we call the size and we call the rock__________________rock__________________

Above

extrusive

small

Fine or glossy

Objective 7Objective 7

FelsicFelsic rocks are found typically on rocks are found typically on _________ and _________ and mafic mafic rocks are found rocks are found in ________ basins.in ________ basins.

Note: Continental Crust is Note: Continental Crust is thickthick and and ocean crust is ocean crust is thinthin. .

DiagramDiagram

Continents

Oceans

Igneous RocksIgneous Rocks