Rocks and Minerals

What you need to know but may have forgot!!

All rocks have the POTENTIALto go through the rock cycle!!

PICK ME!!!!!

http://www.holmes-arts.com/store/product_photos/rock_people.jpg

The Rock Cycle

Rocksandminerals4you.com

Once very hot magma

Heat and pressure make the change

Igneous rocks

Igneous RocksForm inside theEarth or outsideThe earth crust

http://stloe.most.go.th/html/lo_index/LOcanada2/204/images/2_4_5en.jpg

Metamorphic Rocks

Rocks that have changed due to intense heat and pressure

Created from sedimentary, igneous or other metamorphic rocks.

They are formed deep inside the earth.

Heat, and pressure from the rock above flatten and bend the rock

Formed deep withinthe earth!

http://stloe.most.go.th/html/lo_index/LOcanada2/204/images/2_4_5en.jpg

http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/oct98/create/sediment.htm

Sedimentary Rock

Little pieces of rock, dirt, broken down and worn away by erosion

Wash away down rivers, into lakes and oceans

Layer on layer of these bits of earth are deposited on top of each other over time

Pressure of more and more “sediments” –bottom layers turn into rock

Starts on the crustand compacts and cements inside the earth

http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngexplorer/0605/quickflicks/

How might these rocks have gotten here?

Look more closely at the Rock Cycle!!

http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/diagram.html

There are properties you can Test to determine the mineral

Hardness•

Hardness

http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/K12/properties/hardness.html

Mineralogical Society Minerals for Kids

These are common “tools” for testing hardness

LusterHow the mineral reflects light!

LUSTER

What words can describe the luster?• Dull• Waxy• Glassy• Very shiny• Silvery• Shiny• Opaque• Reflective

Cleavage

Cubic cleavage

New York State High School Regents Exam Prep

Cleavage: when a rock or mineral breaks along flat , smoothSurfaces.

Fracture: When a rock or mineral breaks into irregular rough surfaces

Streak TestThis is a test where you scratch the mineral against a porcelain

This test tells you the color of the mineral

Rock properties make them useful for different purposes.

Rocks that can be cut into regular shapes are useful for buildings and statues

Rocks that crumble easily are useful for making mixtures such as concrete and sheetrock.

The Mohs scale for minerals is shown below.An unknown mineral can be scratched by topaz, but not by feldspar. According to the Mohs scale, which of the following best describes the hardness of the unknown mineral? 

 A. less than 5

 B. more than 8

 C. less than 8, but more than 6

 D. more than 4, but less than 6 

Elena found a piece of a mineral while on a hike. She wants to identify the mineral she found.1.Identify two physical properties of minerals.

2.Describe how Elena can test the mineral she found for each of the physical properties that you identified in part (a).

There are properties you can Test to determine the mineral

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/tests/rocks_soils.shtml

Try this quiz—It really rocks!!