Ron SegaWoodward Professor of Systems Engineering (CSU)

Vice President for Energy, Environment and Applied Research (CSURF)

Energy and Environment

Update

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Overview

Background Director of Defense Research and Engineering (DDR&E) Under Secretary of the Air Force

University Initiatives Energy, Environment and Applied Research Education -- Systems Engineering

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Director of Defense Research and Engineering Department of Defense

Three areas of Increased Emphasis National Aerospace Initiative Surveillance and Knowledge Systems Energy and Power Technologies

Technical Systems Reviews Technology Readiness Assessments Task Force Support to Systems Development

Workforce Initiative DUSD (Laboratories and Basic Sciences) National Defense Education Program (NDEP)

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Under Secretary of the Air Force

Space Department of Defense Executive Agent for Space Back to Basics in Acquisition and the Block Approach

Systems Engineering Workforce

Research and Development Alignment with Needs and Redistribution of Risk Stability in Basic Research

Energy “Make Energy a Consideration in All We Do” Energy Strategy (Supply and Demand – with Metrics)

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FY02 FY12

Power Needs

Energy & Power Technologies - Enabling a More Electric Force

POWERGENERATION

• Fuel Cells & Fuel Reforming

• Novel Power

ENERGY STORAGE

• Batteries• Capacitors

POWER CONTROLAND DISTRIBUTION

• Switching & Conditioning

• Power Transmission & Distribution

• Thermal Management

FUEL CELL

New Operational New Operational CapabilitiesCapabilities

Electric Warship

Warrior

High Power Microwave

Space Based Radar

Hybrid/Electric Combat Vehicle

Electric/Hybrid Weapons

More Electric Aircraft

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AF Energy StrategyAddressing Supply & Demand

“Make Energy a Consideration in All We Do”

Accelerate development and use of “Alternative” sources Synthetic Fuel for Aviation Renewable Energy for Installations

Enhance energy efficiency -- aviation and infrastructure Promote a culture where Airmen conserve energy

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Examples of Air Force Energy Initiatives in the United States

Center of ExcellenceDemonstration Sites

Fuel Cell/Electric Warehouse TractorSelfridge ANGB, MI

Low Speed Vehicles Shaw AFB, SC

Advanced Power Technology Office, Robins AFB, GA

Demonstrate H2 Production & Military Fuel Cell VehicleGrand Forks AFB, ND

Synthetic Fuels Research, Air Force Research Lab, WPAFB, OH

Air Force Energy Office, Tyndall AFB, FL

Wind generation farm, FE Warren AFB, WY

14MW Photovoltaic generation, Nellis AFB, NV

B-52 SynFuel Flight Demo, Edwards AFB, CA

Waste energy and ice plant, Dyess AFB, TX

122 KW Photovoltaic project, Luke AFB, AZ

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Air Force Energy StrategyOversight Structure

Senior Focus Group

Chair: SAF/USMembers: AF/CV, SAF/IE, SAF/AQ, SAF/FM, AF/A3/5, AF/A8, AF/A4/7

Executive Secretariat: SAF/IE Principal Advisors: AF/ST, AF/A9

InfrastructureWorking Group

Chair: SAF/IE

Champions: AF/A4/7, AF/A8, SAF/FM

Acquisition & Tech Working Group

Chair: SAF/AQ

Champions: AF/A4/7, DESC, AF/ST

Aviation Operations Working Group

Chair: AF/A3/5

Champions: AF/A8, SAF/AQ, SAF/FM

Innovative Financing Working Group

Chair: SAF/FM,Champions: AF/A8, SAF/AQ, AF/A4/7

Strategic Outreach Working Group

Chair: SAF/CM, Champions: SAF/IE, MAJCOMs

Critical Infrastructure Program (CIP) Working Group

Chair: AF/A4/7

Champions: AF/A7CX, AF/A3/5

DRAFT

DRAFT

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AF Energy Strategy Senior Focus Group

Coordinated and developed various programs to improve supply and demand aspects of energy -- Established goals and metrics to manage progress.

Improved efficiency in aviation and infrastructure operations and invested in more energy efficient future systems.

Infrastructure: Energy Savings / Cost Avoidance – 100,000 homes Aviation: 9% reduction in flying hours, 7% reduction in jet fuel used

Encouraged use of alternative sources of energy for infrastructure and aviation applications(AF uses approx. 2.5 billion gallons of fuel annually)

Infrastructure: Was the nation’s largest single purchaser of renewable energy in FY05 (approx. one million megawatt-hours in FY05 and FY06)

Aviation: Supported synthetic fuel activities (currently exploring biofuel) --First B-52 test fight of a 50/50 blend of synthetic fuel and JP-8 in September 2006 – certified in August 2007

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Organizational Awards Received by the Air Force (2005-2007)

Green Power Partner of the Year Award -- Department of Energy (DOE) / Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA)

Climate Protection Award -- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award -- United Nations Environmental Programme and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Presidential Award for Leadership in Federal Energy Management -- To U.S. Air Force Energy Strategy Senior Focus Group

Consistent with CSU’s Mission as a Land Grant Institution

Recent infrastructure updates improved efficiency

Leadership in our Community, Region, and Nation

Areas of Energy and Environmental Focus:- Knowledge- Education- Innovation- Supply- Demand- Management

CSU Leadership in Energy and the Environment

Always Consider Energy, Environment and the Community11

Coordination

VPR / VPOSP / Environment and Sustainability Committee

Advisor for Energy and the Environment - Sega

Education

Academic /ExtensionPrograms

Frank

Innovation

Research /Products

Farland

Demand

Activities /Units /

Facilities

Lincoln

Management

Processes /Real Estate /Ownership

Henry

ExtensionCoD CESCCen-ergy

Facilities Utilities VPR CoD S.A. Land For Profit

Knowledge – Audit / Sensors / Models

Outreach – Culture Change / Public Affairs

Supply

Commercial /Research

Gorell

CCEC

Energy and the Environment -CSU’s Leadership Strategy

Always Consider Energy, Environment and the CommunitySupply, Demand, Culture

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Colorado Renewable Energy Collaboratory

A research collaboration of:

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Colorado School of Mines

Colorado State University

University of Colorado at Boulder

The Collaboratory works with public and private partners to:

Create and commercialize renewable energy technologies

Build a clean, sustainable renewable energy economy for Colorado, the region, the nation and the world

Educate future scientists and engineers and train the renewable energy workforce.

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CSU Initiative to Lead “Energy Efficiency and Management”

Colorado as an Energy Microcosm of the U.S.

Colorado has significant energy resources and has several energy initiatives under way

Application of a Systems Approach to Energy and the Environment

Work in progress on a systems-oriented approach complementing current activities – supporting a sustainable energy economy.

EducationStorageTransmissionEfficiencySecurity

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Education

Address the need for a 21st century energy workforce and increase the awareness of our students and the general public.

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Storage

Some power sources (i.e. wind and solar) are intermittent by nature but electricity must remain stable.

Energy Storage…• Responds to fluctuations in

energy demand

• Enables constancy by buffering power generation variations

• Increases efficiency by capturing and deploying otherwise wasted energy

Reference: J. Levine, G. Martin, R. Moutoux. “Large Scale Electrical Energy Storage in Colorado”. CERI Research Report. June 30, 2007

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Transmission

There is a need to update transmission and distribution architecture and capacity in energy systems to accommodate the addition of new and diverse power sources.

• High-voltage transmission capacity is fully utilized during periods of high demand

• Minimal new transmission capacity has been added in the last decade

• New transmission capacity is not increasing at the same rate as energy demand

• Distribution enhancements are needed to absorb renewable power

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Efficiency

ESTES will utilize a systems approach to optimize networks of existing and potentially new resources (supply and demand) to enhance efficiency through active management of energy systems.

• Integrated Energy Systems Models

• Policy

• Monitoring and Metering

• Routing, Switching and Conditioning

• Buildings, Equipment and Vehicles

• Stewardship of Energy and Environmental Resources

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Security

Private and government organizations will work together to ensure the security and reliability of the future energy infrastructure.

• Robustness and Reliability

• Security of Supply

• Cybersecurity

Modeling and simulation support needed to solve critical energy infrastructure security challenges

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ESTES Proposal

ESTES is a systems-oriented approach to a newsustainable energy economy in Colorado.

• Education – Utilizes unique capabilities of the Collaboratory

• Storage – Maximizes usefulness of intermittent power sources

• Transmission – Delivers available power reliably to the end user

• Efficiency – Addresses opportunities for Energy Demand

• Security – Ensures reliability of energy infrastructure

ESTES represents a state model for national energy policy

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Proposed Center for Energy Efficiency and Management

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• Institutional Capabilities

• Tracks / Topics

• Team Members

“FortZED” – Zero Energy District

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• “Research, Development and Demonstration of a Coordinated and Integrated System of 3.5 MW of Mixed Distributed Resources in Fort Collins, Colorado, to Achieve a 20-30% Peak Load Reduction of Multiple Distribution Feeders” – DoE funded proposal ($6.5M + $5M)

• Modernize and transform the electrical distribution system

• Improved efficiency and reliability

• Demonstration includes aggregation of distributed energy resources (DER) from approximately 5 participant locations. Total network ~40MW.

• Supported by the Northern Colorado Clean Energy Cluster

• Expected to last through April 2010.

FortZED Team

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• City of Fort Collins Utility

• Spirae

• Woodward

• Advanced Energy

• Eaton

• The Brendle Group

• End-Use Customers Providing 3.5 MW Mix of DER- City of Fort Collins Operations Services Department- Larimer County Facilities Department- CSU Facilities Services- New Belgium Brewing- InteGrid Laboratory

CSURF Energy and Environment Interactions

CSUV- Cenergy Systems Solution Group Technology Transfer “Seed” Fund Real Estate

Add Energy and Environment Fields to Data Base For Profit Corporation

Energy and the Environment Office? Coordinating Function for CSURF? For Profit Corporation?

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Colorado Data Resources for Climate Monitoring and Research

Fort Collins Average Temperatures from 1889 to 2007

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CSU’s CoAgMet

Colorado Agricultural Meteorological Network (CoAgMet) providing ag-specific weather information to support agricultural production and research   

Near Kersey, Colo

What Does CoAgMet Measure?

• Temperature & Humidity

• Wind Speed & Direction

• Solar Energy

• Precipitation

• Soil Temperatures

• Hourly averages, daily totals and extremes, etc.

Coagmet map

COLORADO

Forest and Range Monitoring

Remote Automated Weather Stations (RAWS) 

Colorado RAWS stations

NWS/FAA Airport Weather Stations

Source for detailed hour-by-hour weather conditions serving aviation

Denver International Airport ASOS,

Photo courtesy of the National Weather Service

CoCoRaHS  Community

Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow (CoCoRaHS) network

CSU lead national “citizen science” effort

By 2009, CoCoRaHS

will have more than 10,000 active observers largest source of daily

precipitation data in the country

CoCoRaHS Precipitation, July 1, 2008

CoCoRaHS Precipitation, July 2, 2008

CoCoRaHS Precipitation, July 3, 2008

CoCoRaHS Precipitation, July 4, 2008

CoCoRaHS Precipitation, July 5, 2008

Summary

CSU is doing many good things Needed:

Comprehensive Energy and Environment Strategy Systematic approach with guiding principles

Organization – Working Groups Audit

Detailed implementation plan Presentation to the Board of Governors in August? Others?

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Energy and the Environment - For Profit Corporation Considerations

Tax Credit Environment for Renewable Energy Activities CSU Interests

Alternative Sources of Energy Supply Wind (e.g. Maxwell Ranch) Solar (e.g. 2MW Power Purchase Agreement)

Education Research

GHG / “Carbon” Credits, Markets, etc. Supporting Real Estate for Value Assessment and Potential

“Development” Purchase and Operate Wind Turbines on CSU Land? Informing and Enhancing Trade Space

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Innovation

Research Clean Energy Supercluster Collaboratory

Products Cenergy

Example: Algae-Derived Jet Fuel Integrated Model for Wind Power

CSURF For-Profit Entity?

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Supply

Diversification of Sources Today’s supply: Coal and Natural Gas Future additions: Solar, Wind, Biomass, etc.

Options for Ownership Example: Maxwell Ranch Wind Turbines

CSURF For-Profit Subsidiary to Purchase 2-3 Towers? Flexibility for Research External Contributions / Investments

Create Carbon Credits for CSU and/or to Sell RECs Tax Credits

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Management

Support Investment Strategy

Establish For-Profit Subsidiary in CSURF

Establish Energy and the Environment Offices CSU CSURF Co-locate in same room

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• NREL Renewable Energy Communities: designing new communities using a renewable energy systems approach—with sustainable planning, net zero-energy homes, advanced vehicles, and innovative utility interconnections—to decrease energy use, emissions and climate change impacts

• DOE Solar America City, Denver: a select group of U.S. cities working to accelerate the adoption of solar energy technologies for a cleaner, more secure energy future

• Xcel SmartGridCity, Boulder: utilizing a next-generation electrical grid to create the first fully integrated "smart" city in the nation

• FortZED: Fort Collins Zero Energy District

• Others

Current Activities

Defense Science Board Report

Defense Science Board Task Force on DoD EnergyStrategy (Jan 8, 2008 Report)

Dr. James Schlesinger, Co-Chairman General Michael P.C. Carns, USAF (Ret.), Co-Chairman

• Task Force Recommendations:

1. Accelerate efforts to implement energy efficiency

2. Reduce the risk to critical missions

3. Establish a strategic plan that establishes measurable goals…and establishes clear responsibility and accountability

4. Invest in energy efficient and alternative energy technologies to a level commensurate with their operational and financial value

5. Identify and exploit near-term opportunities to reduce energy use through policies and incentives that change operational procedures

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Proposed Next Step

Colorado’s current energy initiatives are necessary, but not sufficient.

ESTES is a systems-oriented approach designed to complete Colorado’s plan for a sustainable energy economy.

Education

Storage

Transmission

Efficiency

Security

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2MW Solar Project

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Summary of Environment and Sustainability Committee Capabilities on Campus Meeting

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Facilities’ Funding Allocation for Energy Projects

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