royal meteorological institute of belgium validation of the method to retrieve the aod and first...
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Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD and first preliminary results of the aerosol measurements campaign. RMI December 6 th 2006.
• Validation of the method to retrieve the Aerosol Optical Depth from the Brewer Ozone measurements
• First preliminary results of the aerosol measurements campaign at Uccle
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Validation of the method to retrieve the Aerosol Optical
Depth from the Brewer Ozone measurements
Anne Cheymol, Hugo De Backer, Weine Josefsson and René Stübi
Cheymol et al., jgr, 2006
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Overview1. Introduction
2. The Brewer spectrophotometer instrument
3. Description of the method
4. Results
Impact of the neutral density filter on AOD and Validation of the AOD between a Brewer and a sunphotometer
Comparisons between different Brewer at the same place
5. Conclusions and perspectives
Role of aerosol particles
• Most aerosol particles’s knowledge is in VIS and IR and not in UV
• Important role in climate forcing UV-B irradiance reduction by about 5-35% Indirect effect on clouds• Impact on Human health
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Anthropogenic origin
Polluted day on January 28th 2006
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Photo by A. Delcloo and A. Mangold
smoke
Clear day on November 9th 2006
Natural origin
Sea salt ejected from the sea in the air
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Photo by Plisson
Natural origin
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Clean roof
Photo from the web
Pollen
Seasonal cycle of AOD at Uccle
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Overview1. Introduction
2. The Brewer spectrophotometer instrument
3. Description of the method
4. Results
Impact of the neutral density filter on AOD and Validation of the AOD between a Brewer and a sunphotometer
Comparisons between Brewer at the same place
5. Conclusions and perspectives
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
Over 100 Brewer stations (blue points)
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
280-363 nm
306-320 nm
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Zenith angle = za
sunset
Rotation of the instrument during the day
12H
AfternoonMorning
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Summary of the Brewer measurements
• 5 Direct Sun measurements/3mns every 30mns
• Automatic rotation during the day to follow the sun
• No cloud direct sun measurement
• 25° za 70 ° for one day at Uccle
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Aerosol Optical Depth = attenuation of solar radiation by aerosol particles
Direct Sun radiation at 306, 310, 313, 316 and 320 nm
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Overview1. Introduction
2. The Brewer spectrophotometer instrument
3. Description of the method
4. Results
Impact of the neutral density filter on AOD and Validation of the AOD between a Brewer and a sunphotometer
Comparisons between Brewer at the same place
5. Conclusions and perspectives
Attenuation of solar radiation
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Beer’s law equation
S() = K() Io() exp[ Do3 () + Dray () + Daer (sec(za)) ]
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
Aerosol particlesMoleculeOzone
Signal received by the Brewer
Brewer’s sensitivity to Io()
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
ln[ S() ]-Do3- Dray= ln[ K() Io () ]- () * sec(za) +
Y = A * X + B
Langley plot method
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
Y axis X axisSlope Intercept
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Langley plot method 19/06/05 for 320 nm
Y = ln[S()] - Do3 - Dray
A = -() *X = sec(za)+B = ln[K()Io ()]
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
Selection of clear days for the Langley Plot Method
1. Ozone stdev for individual DS measurements < 2.5 DU
2. za per day 20°
3. Number of good data per day 50
4. Distance between each point and the regression line < 4 (Y unit)
5. Daily mean absolute deviation from the regression line < 0.055 (Y units)
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Calibration factor
Average of these 65 calibration factors with error of about 0.2%
65 Calibration factors at Uccle
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
A O D = ave rag e o f th e 5 ind iv id u a l A O D
A O D = -((Y -B )/X ) fo r ea ch D S m e a sure m e nt
5 m ea n ca lib ra tio n fa cto rs = 5 B
L in e ar re g re ss ion
B e e r law
Summary of the method
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Overview1. Introduction
2. The Brewer spectrophotometer instrument
3. Description of the method
4. Results
Impact of the neutral density filter on AOD and Validation of the AOD between a Brewer and a sunphotometer
Comparisons between Brewer at the same place
5. Conclusions and perspectives
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Where?
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
If solar intensity too high
Brewer instrument
FilterI1
I2
If not Brewer instrument
I1
I2< I1
What is a Brewer’s filter?
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
320 nm36
8 nm
sunphotometerTime difference max = 3 min
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Filters impact on AOD
c = 0.87
b = 0.80 ± 0.011
a = -0.08 ± 0.004
c = 0.98
b= 0.85 ± 0.004
a= 0.02 ± 0.0014
N = 1718
Standard filters
N = 1934
Real filters
Errors
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Where?
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Arosa
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
320 nm36
8 nm
Hourly mean AOD compared for 2002
Brewer spectrophotometer
Sunphotometer
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Comparison Arosa/Davos
c = 0.62
b = 0.56 ± 0.04
a = 0.02 ± 0.0006
N = 335
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Overview1. Introduction
2. The Brewer instrument
3. Description of the method
Physical equation
Langley plot method
4. Results
Impact of the neutral density filter on AOD and Validation of the AOD between a Brewer and a sunphotometer
Comparisons between different Brewer at the same place
5. Conclusions and perspectives
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Where?
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Uccle 2002-2005
N = 5781
c = 0.98
b= 1.02 ± 0.003
a= 0.06 ± 0.001
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Arosa 2004
N = 2771
c = 0.94
b= 0.98 ± 0.006
a= 0.03 ± 0.002
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Summary of the comparisons
Brewer 016 040 072
178 0.98
1.02 0.06
156 0.94
0.98 0.03
0.98
0.98 -0.04
072 0.99
0.98 -0.02
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Overview1. Introduction
2. The Brewer spectrophotometer instrument
3. Description of the method
Physical equation
Langley plot method
4. Results
Impact of the neutral density filter on AOD and Validation of the AOD between a Brewer and a sunphotometer
Comparisons between Brewer at the same place
5. Conclusions and perspectives
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Conclusions1. Important role of the filter values of the Brewer
spectrophotometer on the accuracy of AOD
2. High level of confidence of the method used to retrieve the AOD:
correlation coefficient > 0.94
slope ~ 1
Intercept is negligible
3. Validation of the Langley plot method with a comparison between Brewer spectrophotometer and a sunphotometer
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Validation of the method to retrieve the AOD. RMI December 6th 2006.
Perspectives
1. Application of the method at different Brewer stations
2. Determination of relation between different aerosol parameters: AOD, ssa, type, size and air mass origin
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
First preliminary results of the aerosol measurements
campaign at Uccle
RMI team: Anne Cheymol , Alexander Mangold, Hugo De
Backer, Andy Delcloo, René Lemoine and Roeland Van MalderenGhent university team:
Pr. Willy Maenhaut, Wan Wang, Nico Raes, Xuguang Chi and Jan Cafmeyer
Thanks to the weather forecasters of RMI
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Overview
1. Objectives of the campaign
2. The instruments and the first preliminary results
3. Perspectives
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Objectives
• Aerosol campaign from January 4th to 30th November 2006 at Uccle
• Determination of the relations between AOD, size and type of aerosol particles and air mass origin
Observations in parallel from Brewer spectrophotometer (AOD) and the other aerosol instruments (sampling and monitoring)
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Sampling
by Delcloo and Mangold
PM10
Mineral Aerosol
Organic Aerosol
PM2.5
Mineral Aerosol
Organic Aerosol
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Sampling
Filter
by Delcloo and Mangold
by Delcloo and Mangold
by Delcloo and Mangold
Inlet
PM10
PM2.5
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Ratio PM2.5/PM10
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Coarse particle PM10-PM2.5
NO313%
Unexpl.12%
OC*1.416%
Crustal33%
EC1.6%
NH42.0%
Sea Salt17%
Sulphate5%
Elements0.5%
Fine particles PM2.5
OC*1.428%
NH417%
Crustal3.2%
Sea Salt3.0%
Sulphate18%
Elements0.5%
Unexpl.1%
NO326%
EC4%
20% anthropogenic source
61% anthropogenic source
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
TEOMinlet
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Mass concentration of PM2.5
01/02
Mean = 15.4 ug/m3
03/01
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
1 February 2006
03/0101/02
50 ug/m3
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Photo by A. Delcloo and A. Mangold
smoke
28/01 09/11
50 ug/m3
20 ug/m3
20 ug/m3
50 ug/m3
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Aethalometer
Mass of Black Carbon
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Perspectives 1
1. Determination of the relation between AOD, mass, size and type of the particles and the air mass origin
2. Aerosol studies is foreseen within the Antarctic project with BIRA and Ghent University
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
Most important perspectives
snoepjes
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Aerosol Measurements Campaign at Uccle. RMI December 6th 2006.
The END
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Antarctic project. RMI December 6th 2006.
The antarctic project
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
Antarctic project. RMI December 6th 2006.
RMI Ozone/UV/aerosol group
BIRA M. Van Roozendael, M. De Mazière , C. Hermans, D. Gillotay, C. Depiesse, C. Muller,D. Bolsee
Ugent W. Maenhaut and J. Cafmeyer
Members of the project