rpm command 15 examples to install, uninstall, upgrade, query rpm packages
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Linux RedHat RPM CommandsTRANSCRIPT
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RPMCommand:15ExamplestoInstall,Uninstall,Upgrade,QueryRPMPackagesbySasikalaonJuly7,2010
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RPMcommandisusedforinstalling,uninstalling,upgrading,querying,listing,andcheckingRPMpackagesonyourLinuxsystem.
RPMstandsforRedHatPackageManager.
Withrootprivilege,youcanusetherpmcommandwithappropriateoptionstomanagetheRPMsoftwarepackages.
Inthisarticle,letusreview15practicalexamplesofrpmcommand.
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LetustakeanrpmofMysqlClientandrunthroughallourexamples.
1.InstallingaRPMpackageUsingrpmivh
RPMfilenamehaspackagename,version,releaseandarchitecturename.
Forexample,IntheMySQLclient3.23.571.i386.rpmfile:
MySQLclientPackageName3.23.57Version1Releasei386Architecture
WhenyouinstallaRPM,itcheckswhetheryoursystemissuitableforthesoftwaretheRPMpackagecontains,figuresoutwheretoinstallthefileslocatedinsidetherpmpackage,installsthemonyoursystem,andaddsthatpieceofsoftwareintoitsdatabaseofinstalledRPMpackages.
ThefollowingrpmcommandinstallsMysqlclientpackage.
#rpmivhMySQLclient3.23.571.i386.rpmPreparing...###########################################[100%]1:MySQLclient###########################################[100%]
rpmcommandandoptions
i:installapackagev:verboseh:printhashmarksasthepackagearchiveisunpacked.
YoucanalsousedpkgonDebian,pkgaddonSolaris,depotonHPUXtoinstallpackages.
2.QueryalltheRPMPackagesusingrpmqa
Youcanuserpmcommandtoqueryallthepackagesinstalledinyoursystem.
#rpmqacdrecord2.0110.7.el5bluezlibs3.71.1setarch2.01.1
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..
qqueryoperationaqueriesallinstalledpackages
Toidentifywhetheraparticularrpmpackageisinstalledonyoursystem,combinerpmandgrepcommandasshownbelow.Followingcommandcheckswhethercdrecordpackageisinstalledonyoursystem.
#rpmqa|grep'cdrecord'
3.QueryaParticularRPMPackageusingrpmq
Theaboveexamplelistsallcurrentlyinstalledpackage.Afterinstallationofapackagetochecktheinstallation,youcanqueryaparticularpackageandverifyasshownbelow.
#rpmqMySQLclientMySQLclient3.23.571
#rpmqMySQLpackageMySQLisnotinstalled
Note:Toqueryapackage,youshouldspecifytheexactpackagename.Ifthepackagenameisincorrect,thenrpmcommandwillreportthatthepackageisnotinstalled.
4.QueryRPMPackagesinavariousformatusingrpmqueryformat
Rpmcommandprovidesanoptionqueryformat,whichallowsyoutogivetheheadertagnames,tolistthepackages.Enclosetheheadertagwithin{}.
#rpmqaqueryformat'%{name%{version}%{release}%{size}\n'cdrecord2.0110.712324bluezlibs3.71.15634setarch2.01.1235563..
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5.WhichRPMpackagedoesafilebelongto?Userpmqf
Letussay,youhavelistoffilesandyouwouldwanttoknowwhichpackageownsallthesefiles.rpmcommandhasoptionstoachievethis.
Thefollowingexampleshowsthat/usr/bin/mysqlaccessfileispartoftheMySQLclient3.23.571rpm.
#rpmqf/usr/bin/mysqlaccessMySQLclient3.23.571
f:filename
6.Locatedocumentationofapackagethatownsfileusingrpmqdf
Usethefollowingtoknowthelistofdocumentations,forapackagethatownsafile.Thefollowingcommand,givesthelocationofallthemanualpagesrelatedtomysqlpackage.
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#rpmqdf/usr/bin/mysqlaccess/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz
d:refersdocumentation.
7.InformationaboutInstalledRPMPackageusingrpmqi
rpmcommandprovidesalotofinformationaboutaninstalledpacakgeusingrpmqiasshownbelow:
#rpmqiMySQLclientName:MySQLclientRelocations:(notrelocatable)Version:3.23.57Vendor:MySQLABRelease:1BuildDate:Mon09Jun200311:08:28PMCESTInstallDate:Mon06Feb201003:19:16AMPSTBuildHost:build.mysql.comGroup:Applications/DatabasesSourceRPM:MySQL3.23.571.src.rpmSize:5305109License:GPL/LGPLSignature:(none)Packager:LenzGrimmerURL:http://www.mysql.com/Summary:MySQLClientDescription:ThispackagecontainsthestandardMySQLclients.
IfyouhaveanRPMfilethatyouwouldliketoinstall,butwanttoknowmoreinformationaboutitbeforeinstalling,youcandothefollowing:
#rpmqipMySQLclient3.23.571.i386.rpmName:MySQLclientRelocations:(notrelocatable)Version:3.23.57Vendor:MySQLABRelease:1BuildDate:Mon09Jun200311:08:28PMCESTInstallDate:(notinstalled)BuildHost:build.mysql.comGroup:Applications/DatabasesSourceRPM:MySQL3.23.571.src.rpmSize:5305109License:GPL/LGPLSignature:(none)Packager:LenzGrimmerURL:http://www.mysql.com/Summary:MySQLClientDescription:ThispackagecontainsthestandardMySQLclients.
i:viewinformationaboutanrpmp:specifyapackagename
8.ListalltheFilesinaPackageusingrpmqlp
TolistthecontentofaRPMpackage,usethefollowingcommand,whichwilllistoutthefileswithoutextractingintothelocaldirectoryfolder.
$rpmqlpovpc2.1.10.rpm/usr/bin/mysqlaccess/usr/bin/mysqldata/usr/bin/mysqlperm../usr/bin/mysqladmin
q:querytherpmfile
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l:listthefilesinthepackagep:specifythepackagename
YoucanalsoextractfilesfromRPMpackageusingrpm2cpioaswediscussedearlier.
9.ListtheDependencyPackagesusingrpmqRP
Toviewthelistofpackagesonwhichthispackagedepends,
#rpmqRpMySQLclient3.23.571.i386.rpm/bin/sh/usr/bin/perl
10.Findoutthestateoffilesinapackageusingrpmqsp
Thefollowingcommandistofindstate(installed,replacedornormal)forallthefilesinaRPMpackage.
#rpmqspMySQLclient3.23.571.i386.rpmnormal/usr/bin/msql2mysqlnormal/usr/bin/mysqlnormal/usr/bin/mysql_find_rowsnormal/usr/bin/mysqlaccessnormal/usr/bin/mysqladminnormal/usr/bin/mysqlbinlognormal/usr/bin/mysqlchecknormal/usr/bin/mysqldumpnormal/usr/bin/mysqlimportnormal/usr/bin/mysqlshownormal/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gznormal/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gznormal/usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gznormal/usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gznormal/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz
11.VerifyaParticularRPMPackageusingrpmVp
Verifyingapackagecomparesinformationabouttheinstalledfilesinthepackagewithinformationaboutthefilestakenfromthepackagemetadatastoredintherpmdatabase.Inthefollowingcommand,Visforverificationandpoptionisusedtospecifyapackagenametoverify.
#rpmVpMySQLclient3.23.571.i386.rpmS.5....Tc/usr/bin/msql2mysqlS.5....Tc/usr/bin/mysqlS.5....Tc/usr/bin/mysql_find_rowsS.5....Tc/usr/bin/mysqlaccess
Thecharacterintheaboveoutputdenotesthefollowing:
SfileSizediffersMModediffers(includespermissionsandfiletype)5MD5sumdiffersDDevicemajor/minornumbermismatchLreadlink(2)pathmismatchUUserownershipdiffersGGroupownershipdiffersTmTimediffers
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12.VerifyaPackageOwningfileusingrpmVf
Thefollowingcommandverifythepackagewhichownsthegivenfilename.
#rpmVf/usr/bin/mysqlaccessS.5....Tc/usr/bin/mysql#
13.UpgradingaRPMPackageusingrpmUvh
Upgradingapackageissimilartoinstallingone,butRPMautomaticallyuninstallsexistingversionsofthepackagebeforeinstallingthenewone.Ifanoldversionofthepackageisnotfound,theupgradeoptionwillstillinstallit.
#rpmUvhMySQLclient3.23.571.i386.rpmPreparing... ###########################################[100%]1:MySQLclient###########################################
14.UninstallingaRPMPackageusingrpme
Toremoveaninstalledrpmpackageusingeasshownbelow.Afteruninstallation,youcanqueryusingrpmqaandverifytheuninstallation.
#rpmevMySQLclient
15.VerifyingalltheRPMPackagesusingrpmVa
Thefollowingcommandverifiesalltheinstalledpackages.
#rpmVaS.5....Tc/etc/issueS.5....Tc/etc/issue.netS.5....Tc/var/service/imap/ssl/seedS.5....Tc/home/httpd/html/horde/ingo/config/backends.php..S.5....Tc/home/httpd/html/horde/ingo/config/prefs.phpS.5....Tc/etc/printcap
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Taggedas:CentOSRPM,RedHatRPM,RHELRPM,RPM2,RPMi386,RPMPackage
{26commentsaddone}
JoshJuly7,2010,12:12pm
On#4itappearsyouhaveatypo.Ithinkyouleftoffaclosebracket}afterthenamefield.
Youwrote:rpmqaqueryformat%{name%{version}%{release}%{size}\n
Shouldbe:rpmqaqueryformat%{name}%{version}%{release}%{size}\n
LinkJoshJuly7,2010,12:16pm
Oh,andatleastonmyRHEL4systems,therpmvflagisforverbose,Visforverify.
LinkdiptanupaulJuly8,2010,12:30am
Ihaveaproblemwithrpm.Irecentrlyinstalledonerpmbpowerd3.0b11inmysystemandlaterifoundthatidonotrequireit.butwheniremoveitusingrpme..itgivesanerror.Pleasesuggest[root@www~]#rpmqa|grepibpowerd3.0b11bpowerd3.0b11[root@www~]#rpmebpowerd3.0b11errorreadinginformationonservicebpowerd:Nosuchfileordirectoryerror:%postun(bpowerd3.0b11.i386)scriptletfailed,exitstatus1[root@www~]#rpmqa|grepibpowerd3.0b11bpowerd3.0b11[root@www~]#
Howtoremovethesamefromtherpmlist,Pleaseguide
LinkArjanJuly8,2010,12:56am
Ifyouaresurethebpowerdserviceisnotrunninganymore,youcouldttryrpmenopostunbpowerd3.0b11
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LinkdiptanuJuly8,2010,1:55am
Arjan,Thanksalot.Itworked.Icompletelymissedtochecktheoptionwhilelookingoutforthesolution..Thanksagain
LinkBalaCJuly9,2010,7:52am
rpmqlpwasaworthyone.ineedthemmostly
LinkGautamKashyapAugust17,2010,12:49am
Gr8postisthereanywaytorollbacktheoldpackageafterupgradation???
LinkmanojNovember23,2010,6:30am
Theabovestuffisworthknowingforthosewhowanttoworkonlinux
LinkpsankarDecember13,2010,5:21am
pls,explaintomehowtounderstandrpmcommandsinlinuxRHEL5serverandhowwecangetallrpmpackagesanditscommandsforinstallationanduninstallwithitsownsys
LinkjmartinezJanuary24,2011,12:39pm
Prettygoodinformation.IaddedabookmarksinceImalwayslookingforoneofthesecommandsthroughouttheday.
Ididseeonemistake,however.rpmqigivesyouinformationaboutaninstalledpackage.
TheexampleyouusedwithrpmqipMySQLclient3.23.571.i386.rpmishowyougetinformationaboutapackagefromtheRPMfile.ThatswhytheInstallDateintheoutputshowsthatitsnotinstalled.Thepswitchtakesanrpmfileasitsargument.
LinkarunprakashNovember26,2011,2:42am
veryusefulexamples..thanksalot
LinkOpenSourceDecember5,2011,3:02am
#11.VerifyaParticularRPMPackageusingrpmvp
itshouldbeV(incaps)andnotv(inlowercase)
VerifyoptionV(caps)=================rpm{V|verify}
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v(smallcase)============vPrintverboseinformationnormallyroutineprogressmessageswillbedisplayed
LinkRameshNatarajanFebruary8,2012,11:09am
@jmartinez,
Youareright.Thanksforpointingitout.Iveupdateditem#7accordingly.
@OpenSource,
Thanksforpointingitout.Ivefixedit.
LinksenthamilJuly21,2012,7:30am
allinformationveryusefull,thanks
LinkMadhuriNovember11,2012,12:14am
ExcellentInfo..AwesomeExplanationandveryuseful.
Regards.,Madhuri
LinkKannanNovember14,2012,3:41am
Hi,
Pleaseletmeknowthathowtologinwithpostgresql@redhatlinux.
RegardsKannan
LinknareenJanuary22,2013,5:08am
howtorunvlcplayerfromrootuser
LinkphaniApril1,2013,1:50pm
Goodarticle
thanks
LinkAbhinavAugust22,2013,2:40am
awesomearticle!!
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LinkmadhuAugust23,2013,12:55am
Superbarticle!Veryuseful!
LinkTimApril28,2014,5:23pm
VeryinterestingbutonecommandescapemeIwanttoknowwhatprogramsuseaparticularpackage/dependency?EG.Iinstallaprogram,yum(orrpm)identifiesthedependenciesthisprogramrequiresandinstallsthemalongwiththeprogram.
IfIhaveapackagewhichisadependencyhowdoIfindoutwhatotherprogramsneedthispackage?AtthemomentIhavex86&64bitversionsofmediainfowhichiscausingyumupdatemanyproblems!
Cheers
LinkAnonymousJuly2,2014,1:00am
Goodpost..
LinkniranjanaAugust4,2014,10:58pm
howtoinstallrpmpackageinubuntu.ialreadytriedmanycommandsbutnotworkout
LinkgauravAugust29,2014,9:59pm
HiRamesh,
HowdoIcreatearpmpackagetoinstallbunchrpmsfromavendorwithpreandpostbashscripttodosomecustomconfigchecks?
LinkarunOctober20,2014,9:00pm
HiRamesh,IsthereanywaytomodifyRPMmetadatalikeBuilddate,version,Installdate?
Arun
LinkJalalHajigholamaliApril21,2015,9:41pm
Hi,Verynicearticlethanksalot
Link
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