RT Priorities

2012

Introduction

1 Foreword 2 Technology drivers and challenges 2 All recommendations

The complete Space R&T roadmap by domain

Satellite applications 4 Telecommunications 6 Earth observation & Navigation 8 Spacecraft bus

Scientific Programmes 10 Science 12 Exploration 14 Human presence in space

Transversal & multi-purpose 16 Generic technologies and Breakthrough 22 Launcher 24 Protection of space assets 25 Ground systems

26 About ASD-EUROSPACE

Methodology

27 How to read a roadmap

Back Roadmap aggregated by term cover

[table of contents]

[

[foreword]

1

The Eurospace R&T priorities are an ongoing action supported by Eurospace SRTC (Space Research and Technology Committee, formerly the R&T panel).

First edition in 2004, second edition in 2008, third edition in 2012.

The consolidated roadmap is elaborated and endorsed by all Eurospace SRTC stakeholders, including member and non member companies.

This coordinated action aims at identifying key technological developments/requirements of the European space industry and organise them as a consolidated space technology roadmap – it is a bottom up exercise.

The consolidated roadmap addresses all technology and service areas of interest of European industry, it provides the European space industry view of Space R&T priorities.

The consolidated roadmap is not a complete technology plan, it is an incremental roadmap of technology activities: activities and developments already well covered in current technology plans are not considered.

The 2012 R&T priorities set were formally validated after the (informal) consultation of ESA experts (full day workshop on 9/2/2012) and subsequent industry/stakeholder review.

The 2012 R&T priorities were presented formally to the European space community at a workshop organised by Eurospace in Belgirate (I) on March 21st and 22nd.

The “Space R&T Priorities” is a periodical recurrent activity

by Eurospace.

Editing and supervision:Pierre LIONNET

Process management and development:

Alessandro SARACENI

The process is supported and monitored by Eurospace Space Research and

Technology Committee co-chaired by Yves DURAND (Thales Alenia Space) and Serge FLAMENBAUM (Astrium)

PARIS (HQ)15-17 Av. de Ségur

F-75007 Paris

BRUSSELS270, Av. de Tervuren

B-1150 Brussels

T: +33 1 44 42 00 70F: +33 1 44 42 00 79

www.eurospace.org

ALL ACTIVITIES have been organised considering the TRL gap to cover and the target date to achieve the desired TRL.

The complete roadmap shows how the concern on performance is essential on either short track, medium range and long lead priorities.

Cost reduction and competitiveness are key short track tech-nology drivers and keep their importance high throughout medium range priorities as well.

System optimisation and spin-in possibilities impact the short track roadmap at similar levels.

Manufacturing processes also take the same level of impor-tance if we include medium range priorities.

Dependence on short track and long lead priorities is a non- negligible concern, that couples with other policy drivers (e.g. Clean Space) if we consider the medium range as well.

[all recommendations]

The main challenges and drivers have been identified for each activity. Each activity can be associated to one or more challenge/driver.

For each section and application the impact of each challenge/driver on the aggregated roadmaps is summarised with a radar graph.

The global view of all technology activities shows clearly that the space R&T priorities roadmap is mostly driven by performance optimisation and cost/competitiveness issues.

They are summarised with 7 items: Spin-in: the activity concerned will/may take advantage of

technology advances already available for terrestrial applica-tions Prod.: Manufacturing and processes – the activity

concerned will focus on improving manufacturing and processes within industry. This is associated to concerns such as quality, industrialisation, automation of tasks, new manufacturing techniques etc. Cost: Cost and competitiveness – the activity concerned

focuses on reducing the cost of the technology and/or improving the competitiveness of the sector. Optim.: Optimisation/efficiency – the activity concerned

aims at improving/optimising the overall system efficiency Perfo.: Performance – the activity concerned aims at

reaching higher levels of performance (more thrust, more resolution etc.) Dep.: Dependence – the activity is characterised by a

dependence situation of level 2 and higher. Clean: CleanSpace – the activity aims at addressing ESA

CleanSpace initiative challenges for a more environmental-friendly space system and space debris reduction.

The radar view

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

[technology drivers and challenges]

All technology activities respond to an identified need/drive:

Programme need and/or policy objective Programme driven development Towards a clean space (incl. REACH/RoHS compliance,

environmental concerns, space debris) Technological dependence reduction

Industry competitiveness and readiness State of the art – leadership, product/system performance Cost/mass reduction Processes and manufacturing improvement, supply chain Maturity

Programme continuity and technological maturity Validation/In flight qualification

Technology push Technological disruption, paradigm change Spin in (taking advantage of ‘terrestrial’ innovations)

and synergetic development Materials EEE components

2

GENERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BREAKTHROUGH Critical actions on materials: REACH

compliance (chromate) and composite supply chain issues European EEE components for increased

data processing and power requirements Short term maturity and dependence

actions on EEE components

GROUND SEGMENT Architecture and system performance

optimisation for increasing data processing and handling requirements

LAUNCHER Urgent REACH actions

GENERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BREAKTHROUGH Design and engineering tools

enhancement European solutions for smart, green and

composite materials High performance materials and

structures, focus on nano-materials and manufacturing aspects

LAUNCHER High performance materials (composites

and innovative metal alloys) for advanced lightweight structures NGL architecture and building blocks

readiness

PROTECTION OF SPACE ASSETS European SSA technology preparation:

Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction Mitigate impact of space environment:

radiation hardening and system protection

GENERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BREAKTHROUGH European EEE components

Industrialisation and reliability Mechanisms and actuators maturity

and dependence reduction

LAUNCHER European quick launch capability

PROTECTION OF SPACE ASSETS European SSA architecture:

Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction

SCIENCE Address new payload requirements

for very high rate data processing Instrument detection chain improvement

for state of the art science and dependence reduction

SCIENCE Next generation instrument technologies

EXPLORATION European readiness for planetary

exploration

HUMAN PRESENCE IN SPACE Advanced manned modules

and related technologies

Tran

sver

sal &

M

ulti-

Purp

ose

Scie

ntifi

c Pr

ogra

mm

es

SHORT TRACK MEDIUM RANGE LONG LEAD

TELECOMMUNICATIONS Improve payload power and flexibility for

broadcast and broadband applications (C to Ka band), increase data processing, focus on performance and dependence reduction Address stringent thermal constraints of

telecommunications missions

EARTH OBSERVATION Improve performance and efficiency of

optical and radar instruments

SPACECRAFT BUS AOCS systems for improved spacecraft

stability, pointing and accuracy Propulsion systems performance and

competitiveness for mission optimisation

TELECOMMUNICATIONS Improve payload power and flexibility

for dual use & innovative missions (UHF/L/S & Q/V) Performance and independence of

European solutions for frequency usage optimisation

EARTH OBSERVATION Future Earth observation missions:

improve detector technology, LIDAR instrument technology and support higher data rates

SPACECRAFT BUS AOCS systems for improved spacecraft

stability, pointing and accuracy Propulsion systems performance and

competitiveness for mission optimisation

TELECOMMUNICATIONS Very high data rate processing for

telecommunications payloads

NAVIGATION European GNSS long term needs: clocks

precision and optimisation (mass/power), signal generation and precision and system optimisation

SPACECRAFT BUS Innovative, high performance propulsion

systems - focus on long term issues for green propulsion and European dependence Next generation platform power systems

and technologies: high power system requirements, and overall power system efficiency Technologies, tools and architectures for

space system integrity and security

ALL ACTIVITIES (short, medium & long) MUST START IN 2012 TO ACHIEVE THEIR TARGETED GOALS.

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Sate

llite

App

licat

ions

Spin-in

Prod.C

ost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep

.Cle

an

Spin-in

Prod.C

ost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep

.Cle

an

Spin-in

Prod.C

ost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep

.Cle

an

3

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

3 6

5 8

4 6

4 8

3 8

SHORT TRACK ACTIVITIESAddress stringent thermal constraints of telecommunications missions

PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIESHigh temperature thermal controlMechanically and capillary biphasic loopsApplicable to very high power telecom platforms (e.g. Alphabus). Performance above several hundred wattsDeployable radiatorsEnhance thermal rejection capability with deployable radiators (up 2-4 kW)

Improve payload power and flexibility for broadcast and broadband applications (C to Ka band), increase data processing, focus on performance and dependence reduction.

PAYLOAD PERFORMANCEPayload: Large antenna building blocksLow cost deployment mechanismsMechanical sub-systems (actuators, rods, etc.) to increase focal length of telecommunication reflectors/antennasPayload: higher data rates and fast data processing High performance digital transparent processorSingle hop mesh communications (VSAT-like) for multi-beam transparent satellites - performance bandwidth larger than 500 MHtzMicro-nano technology (switch system)MOEMS Telecom optical cross coupling 50*50

#1[telecommunications]

SATELLITE APPLICATIONS

The telecommunications roadmap aims at reducing the cost of already available technologies/products and pursuing performance increase to maintain competitiveness.

Current telecommunication trends Short track:

Competitiveness of current platform offering More beams and more channels in C/Ku/Ka band Platform thermal optimisation Payload performance and flexibility Large reflectors for new cellular missions

Medium range: More stringent mass requirements

Improved mass/power, mass/bandwidth ratios More channels

Tailored/more flexible coverage Frequency re-use/optimisation

Optimisation of band usage: More bandwidth (Q/V band), e.g. broadband Lower frequencies (UHF, L, S), e.g. mobile applications

Long lead: Higher data rates, more processing power, data links (Terabit satellite)

Eurospace telecommunication recommendations: Improve payload power and flexibility for broadcast and broadband applications (C to Ka band),

increase data processing, focus on performance and dependence reduction. Address stringent thermal constraints of telecommunications missions Improve payload power and flexibility for dual use & innovative missions (UHF/L/S & Q/V) Performance and independence of European solutions for frequency usage optimisation Improve processing using SW radio techniques Very high speed data link using photonics components

Linked RoadmapsPlatform and EEE roadmaps have a short term critical impact on the Telecommunications roadmap.

The telecommunications roadmap pursues mainly cost reduction in the short range, performance and optimisation in the medium range and mostly performance in the long lead.

Radar views

SHORT TRACK MEDIUM RANGE LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

4

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Very high data rate processing for telecommunications payloads

HIGH DATA RATE CONVERSION/STABILISATIONPayload: higher data rates and fast data processing Microwave photonics componentsBasic components development for future high capacity microwave photonic reconfigurable payloads: laser, receiver, amplifier, MOEMS matrix, fiber, connector and passive components, etc.

Payload: spectrum, power and flexibility Regenerative/Transparent in flight reconfigurable On-Board Processor (OBP) based on SW Radio techniquesDevelopment of complete high speed OBP system (including high speed digital components). Long term target performance > 20 Gbit/s

2 5

3 6

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

4 8

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 8

5 8

4 6

3 5

3 6

2 6

4 6

2 6

SHORT TRACK ACTIVITIES

ALL BANDSPayload: spectrum, power and flexibility Input and Output MultiplexersNext generation IMUX and OMUX in all bands (C/Ka/Ku…)Multibeam antenna/feedsKa, Ku, X, etc.New DC/DC products for payloadHigh efficiency, low mass EPC for payload equipments (inc SSPA)Power flexibilityFlexible MPM/TWT(adjust power by channel)Reconfigurable sub reflector Reconfiguration of the shaped beam to change the coverage or to adapt to new orbital positions. Switches or variable phase-shifters for passive single beam (one per polarisation) antennas - Ku & Ka bandTransparent fully in flight reconfigurable On-Board Processor (OBP) Development of complete high speed OBP system (including high speed digital components and next gen submicron technology). Long term target performance > 20 Gbit/s.Regenerative in flight reconfigurable On-Board Processor (OBP) Development of complete high speed OBP system (including high speed digital components and next gen submicron technology). Long term target performance > 20 Gbit/sLarge reflectors (up to 6m)Development and qualification of large reflectors (up to 6 m) for access to new cellular missions - 1dB gain improvement for shaped beam, S to C-band

KU & KA BAND INPUT AND OUTPUT SUBSYSTEMS FOR FLEXIBLE PAYLOADSPayload: spectrum, power and flexibility Output assembliesDevelopment of Ku & Ka integrated output networks such as MPA’s and OMUX’s with large bandwidths for flexible analog and digital processed payloadsInput assembliesDevelopment of Ku & Ka integrated input networks such as MPA’s and IMUX’s with large bandwidths for flexible analog and digital processed payloads

KU BANDPayload: spectrum, power and flexibility Next generation receiversKu-MMIC LNAs, mixers and converters featuring better packaging compatible with multibeam applicationsKa-MMIC LNAs, mixers and converters featuring better packaging compatible with multibeam applicationsReflect ArraysDevelopment of a C/Ku multispot large antenna as a potential competitive alternate to fully active Tx arraySSPA (Ku band)Ku-band SSPA 20W CW, GaN based compatible with future flexible payloadsNext generation agile receiversVariable bandwidth vis ground command for frequency flexibility and reduced number of redundant units

KA BANDPayload: spectrum, power and flexibility Reflect ArraysDevelopment of a Ka multispot large antenna as a potential competitive alternate to fully active Tx arraySSPA (Ka band)Ka-band SSPA 15W CW, GaN based compatible with future flexible payloads

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Performance and independence of European solutions for frequency usage optimisation

PAYLOAD PERFORMANCEPayload: higher data rates and fast data processing High efficiency waveforms Design, development, prototyping of end-to-end communication sub-system of future satellite telecommunication systems (including high order modulations, advanced transport techniques, pre-distortion/equalization techniques)

BFN TECHNOLOGIESPayload: Large antenna building blocksAnalog beam forming building blocksHigh order analog BFN technologies - Develop and qualify elementary building blocks and associated equipment for reconfigurable antennas in C/Ku/Ka-band)Digital beam forming building blocksHigh order digital BFN technologies - Develop and qualify elementary building blocks and associated equipment for reconfigurable antennas in C/Ku/Ka-band)Optical beam forming building blocksHigh order optical BFN technologies - Develop and qualify elementary building blocks and associated equipment for reconfigurable antennas in C/Ku/Ka-band)

Improve payload power and flexibility for dual use & innovative missions (UHF/L/S & Q/V)

UHF/L/S & Q/VPayload: spectrum, power and flexibility SSPA (UHF/L/S band)>100W, GaN based develop a viable and competitive alternative to TWTA technologyQ/V band packaging technology for LNA, Down Converter and Up Converterfor Input equipments for feeder link communication in Q/V band geared to multiple feed antenna, cost competitiveness and high accuracy repeatable manufacturingQ/V bands antennasHigh frequency technology for Q/V band antenna development geared to cost competitiveness and high accuracy repeatable manufacturingQ/V bands TWTsHigh frequency technology evaluation for high power TWT development geared to cost competitiveness and hich accuracy repeatable manufacturing UHF narrowband processorsdigital processors for very narrow bandwidths in the range 10khz to 50khz for better utilisation of limited frequency spectrumUHF antennasNext generation UHF antennas with increased power handling and better accommodation

3 6

2 6

2 6

5 8

4 6

2 6

3 6

2 6

3 8

2 6

MEDIUM RANGE ACTIVITIES

5

SATELLITE APPLICATIONS

#2a[Earth observation]Next generation operational systems for Earth observation are expected to provide greater accuracy of observation. New requirements will be fulfilled by focusing on improving the perfor-mance of instruments.

Current earth observation trends: Short track

Increased resolution and swath/revisit improvement are key mission enablers for European institutional policy and needs Competitive/mature and high resolution performance pro-

vide opportunities for a secondary market for Earth observa-tion systems

Export markets, commercial users Medium range

Detectors: Next generation detectors supporting higher performance

and cost improvement Consolidation and enhancement of existing proven de-

tector technologies Better sensor performance and increased resolution will

add strain on data handling systems Optimisation of data chain, processing, compression,

storage, transmission etc.

Increased requirements on payload processing power LIDARS to support new missions and the improvement of

existing missions: Greenhouse gas monitoring (i.e. CH4), atmosphere

chemistry Climate monitoring in pre-operational and operational phases Meteorology, wind velocity in pre-operational and opera-

tional phases

Eurospace recommendations:For future Earth observation missions Eurospace recommends to improve performance and efficiency of optical and radar instruments and to improve detector technology.

Large and lightweight mirrors Detectors and focal planes Active antennas and advanced TRM High speed processing LIDAR instrument technology and support higher data rates

Linked roadmaps:The challenging EO missions and sensors development roadmap are very linked to the platforms related R&T priorities (see Space-craft Bus) particularly addressing high pointing accuracy and stability, on board data processing and transmission capability.

The Earth Observation roadmap pursues mainly performance and optimisation objectives in the short track and medium range.A few long lead activities can also be found in the Medium range roadmaps.

Radar views

#2b[navigation]The timeline for the European GNSS will consider the next gen-eration system (post Galileo) after 2022.The first opportunities for system evolution will start in 2017System optimisation aspect have been addressed previously

Main trends:On the long term Europe will consider performance improvement at system and equipment levels. Even performance improvement causing mass increase may be considered, if next generation systems can accommodate them.

For next generation European GNSS system Eurospace rec-ommends to improve the system lifecycle cost and to improve performance of time and signal generation and transmission

Key long lead challenges:System optimisation (autonomy and inter-satellite links)Time generation (next generation atomic clocks)Signal processing and quality (processing, reconfigurability, terminal optimisation)

Eurospace long lead recommendation: GNSS long term needs: clock precision and optimisation

(mass/power), time and signal generation and precision, system optimisation

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Improve performance and efficiency of optical and radar instruments.

DETECTOR TECHNOLOGYIncreased resolution & performanceCCD TDI detectorsFor LEO Optical Earth Observation: Enhancement of TDI & Multi TDI detectors targeting very High resolution (6K to 12 K pixels, 8µm pixel size, multi TDI into same package)CMOS TDI detectorsFor LEO Earth Observation: Next generation of TDI detectors targeting very high resolutionIR detectorsfrom 1.5 µm to 20 µm for Science (low noise, low dark current, high temperature) and Earth observation (large dimension, > 1000 pixels)Large CMOS matrix detectorsVisible detector for Science and earth observation: > 40 M pixels

5 6

3 6

4 7

3 7

SHORT TRACK ACTIVITIES

SHORT TRACK MEDIUM RANGE LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

6

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Future Earth observation missions: improve detector technology, LIDAR instrument technology and support higher data rates

DATA REDUCTION Data processing & transmission, data linksSmart on-board data optimisationAutonomous clouds detection and smart instrument pointing

DATA PROCESSING Data processing & transmission, data linksAdvanced video and image processing New techniques: image enhancement, new high performance compression algorithm (e.g. FAPEC) for High Resolution in visible and IR bands. More efficient lossless CCSDS standard. New standard definition and development of building blocks.High Speed High Efficiency ACM ModemsCentral electronics for Radar. Higher bandwidth (600MHz and above considering dual use applications)

LIDAR SYSTEMS New bands, sensors & conceptsLaser transmitterQualify full laser chain formal environment, from 1,5 to 2 µm (up to 4 µm for dual use applications). Specifications depending on the mission, pulsed or continuous wave regime.Enhanced solid-state lasersMonolithic ceramic laser without interface. Organic-free lasers. Contamination free manufacturing. (lifetime *2, efficiency * 2)Quasi high power laser diodes> 1 µm and thermal/ageing robustness (10 W per bar, life time *10). Involves chip level optimisation for downgraded devices with superior lifetime expectancy.Laser amplifier: reliable, stable and high power capacityFocussing on IR domain from 1.5 to 2 µm (up to 4 µm for dual use missions).

DATA HANDLING & TRANSMISSION Data processing & transmission, data linksVery High Data Rate Payload Data Handling and Transmission (HW and SW)Development of new technology for fast numerical link (up to 10 Gbit/s) in X/Ka-Band and optical.Very High Data Rate Payload Data Handling and Transmission antenna X and Ka-Band dual polarization steering antennas (20 dB)Very High Data Rate Payload Data Handling and Transmission architectureAdvanced coding and high rate (>400 MSps per channel) modulation schemes, in X and KaBandEnhanced Instersatellite Link for LEO/GEOLEO-LEO, GEO/GEO, LEO/GEO and ground RF/optical from 1Gbps to 10 Gbps

3 6

3 6

4 6

3 6

5 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

2 6

3 6

MEDIUM RANGE ACTIVITIES

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

European GNSS long term needs: clocks precision and optimisation (mass/power),signal generation and precision and system optimisation

SYSTEM OPTIMISATION Full system lifecycle cost reductionIncreased automation of operationsEnhance autonomy of space and ground facilities consistent with certifiability

TIME GENERATION Signal precision (next generation GNSS)Miniature atomic clocksMiniature atomic clocks for better performance in short and mid-term frequency stability. Additional objectives: low-power consumption, reduced mass, reduced volume (extended range of applications).Next generation European clocksGlobal performance improvement (improved accuracy and stability, or compactness/mass)Optical atomic clocksOptical atomic clocks demonstrate frequency stability and accuracy never achieved so far. These performances are very attractive for future Science missions and in particular test of physi-cal theories. Despite a high complexity, activities leading to a higher maturity are important to bring this technology closer to a space-qualified hardware. Laser technology related to atomic clocks like continuous-wave and femtosecond lasers are technologies also important for other applications like remote sensing (EO), telecommunication, and formation flying.Optically-pumped Cesium beam clockNext generation of on-board atomic clocks for navigation purposes (Galileo satellites) will benefit from clocks with better long-term stabilities, less weight, and compact volume. The optically-pumped Cesium technology is well-suited to reach these objectives.

SIGNAL PROCESSING & QUALITY Signal precision (next generation GNSS)Advanced positioning user terminalDevelopment of multipath nulling and authentication of NAV signalsReconfigurable Signal generationPost Galileo, EGEP for signal digital processingTransparent navigation processor Development of an advanced navigation processor for channelization and routing of navigation signalsTropical ionospheric scintillation avoidanceCharacterization of the impact on ground receivers and system budgets of equatorial

CONSTELLATION FORMATION Signal precision (next generation GNSS)Technologies for Intersatellite link for constellations and ranging missionsImproved technonologies for intersatellite links: RF receive/transmit in Ka or Q/V band at a data rate of 100 Kbps with ranging performance < 4cm

3 6

3 6

3 6

4 6

2 6

3 6

4 6

3 5

4 6

2 6

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

4 6

3 7

3 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

SHORT TRACK ACTIVITIES

3 6

4 6

3 6

OPTICAL SYSTEMS Increased resolution & performanceHigh stable, lightweight mirrors, structures (Telescope, RC, etc.)Highly stable structure and mirror telescopes for EO (diameter up to 2m in LEO; 1.5m in GEO and higher for dual use applications)Large focal plane techniquesBased on large detector arrays (IR and Vis) development of large FPA including proximity electronics and highly stable mechanical/thermal structureWave front error (WFE) control techniquesFor Leo and Geo Earth observation and Science in order to control the residual errors due to distortion of optics, structure in a low frequency band due to environment conditions and drift of the instrument

RADAR SYSTEMS Increased resolution & performanceActive Antenna PanelAdvanced mechanical/thermal active radiating panel for High resolution Radar (X and C band).Active Front EndAdvanced IFED based electronics (Integrated Front End Design) and dual polarisation for Radar (X and C band)Digital BeamformingNext generation high resolution SAR including high speed digital processing. High resolution civil applications: 0.5m; military applications below 0.5mX-band active phased arrayRF design and building block for high resolution SARAdvanced TRM based on GaAs replacement (GaN, RF CMOS/SiGe,…)Selection, development and qualification in relevant environment of advanced TX/RX modules based on GaAs replacement, GaN for LNA and HPA, RF CMOS/SiGe for control functions (L, C, X-Band)New bands, sensors & conceptsLarge and highly stable antenna interferometer structures (with deployable mast) Design and breadboarding for altimetry and SAR mission application

7

#3[spacecraft bus]

Requirements on the platform will vary depending on the payload missions, but in all application domains platform efficiency and mass/cost reduction strategies have a positive impact on mission competitiveness.

Current Spacecraft bus trends: Telecommunications platforms: mass gains and

system optimisation to address increasing power and lifetime needs, thermal constraints associated to high power systems

Earth observation, science and navigation: Agile, ultra-stable, versatile platforms, with good processingpower and cost efficient designs

Main challenges - Europe has to address critical issues on:

Propulsion systems: REACH will have a major impact on space

propulsion systems, affecting chemical and electric propulsion systems Future advances in electric propulsion will make

possible the fully electric spacecraft, but transfer to geostationary orbit remains a challenge Cost reduction and miniaturisation activities will

provide opportunities to use Electric propulsion on smaller missions Versatile and flexible, hybrid propulsion solutions

(transfer phase and station keeping at once) Next generation avionics systems

Pointing performance improvement Next generation platform data handling system

and technologies (HW and SW) EEE components roadmap will also impact the

technological readiness of platform avionics and data handling/processing systems

For system efficiency, mainly from the mass and power perspective, the miniaturisation and integration of AOCS sensors will play critical role

This trend will support also the improvement of small satellite missions and cost reduction strategies

Critical power aspects New generation multiple junction solar cells Power control units (PCUs and PCDUs) Breakthrough power generation - investigating alternative

solutions, including disruptive ones Advanced energy storage Higher power/voltage – control and distribution aspects

Eurospace recommendations: Next generation avionic system

AOCS systems for improved spacecraft stability, pointing and accuracy AOCS miniaturised/integrated functions for system com-

petitiveness through mass/power optimisation Spacecraft propulsion recommendation

Innovative, high performance propulsion systems - focus on long term issues for green propulsion and European depen-dence Propulsion systems performance and competitiveness for

mission optimisation Power system recommendations

Next generation power system and technologies: high power system requirements and overall system efficiency

Platform system recommendations: Technologies, tools and architectures for space system

integrity and security

The Spacecraft bus technical roadmap shows a strong con-cern for cost and optimisation issues in both the short track and the medium range. Long lead items show the importance of performance and the impact of environmental legislation.

Radar views

SATELLITE APPLICATIONS

SHORT TRACK MEDIUM RANGE LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

8

Artist’s concept of the two BepiColombo orbiters (MPO and MMO) mounted on top of their transfer module, forming one single-composite spacecraft. The transfer module will carry the two spacecraft up to Mercury’s gravitational sphere of influence; the planet’s gravity and conventional rocket engines will then be used to insert the two spacecraft into their operational orbits. ©ESA / C. Carreau

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Propulsion systems performance and competitiveness for mission optimisation

ADVANCED MECHANISMSPropulsion system building blocksElectric propulsion pointing mechanisms (2 axis)Generic 2-axis EPPM, deployment capabilities, standard building blocks/interfaces, high payload capability (>16kg), new damping technologies, high pointing range (>15 deg, 3 axis)

CLEAN SPACEChemical propulsionBipropellant system to replace MON/MMH systems for transfer phaseIdentify MON/MMH bi-prop systems alternative for transfer phase (focus on performance)Monopropropellant systems to replace Hydrazine systemsDevelop alternative monopropellant systems with similar performances (mainly at engines / thruster level)

COST REDUCTIONElectric propulsionModular low cost PPU (Power Processing Unit) for electric propulsionPPUs for EPs have to be adapted to the technical and commercial needs wrt the different applications. Compatible with 5-10 kW range thruster, up to 100V. Focus on PPU efficiency and overall system competitiveness.Low cost electric propulsion technologiesDesign and development of a low cost, versatile electric propulsion system allowing global system cost reduction

ENHANCED FLUIDIC COMPONENTSPropulsion system building blocksElectronic pressure regulator and feed systemsReplace mechanical pressure regulators with electronic regulators. Objectives: higher reliability, operation flexibility, performance and potential cost improvement (applicable to both electric and chemical propulsion).Passivation ValveNon-pyrotechnic valve which supports the new ESA regulations on S/C end-of-life energy passivationMiniature Flow Control UnitsMiniaturisation of flow control units for electric propulsion systems (i.e. ion engines and plasma thrusters)

INNOVATIONChemical propulsionCool Gas Generators for pressurant supply of propulsion systemsApplicable to mono-propellant and bi-propellant propulsion systems. The technology developments yield Nitrogen, Oxygen and Hydrogen versions

PERFORMANCEElectric propulsionHigh Power gridded ion thrustersNeeded for very high specific impulse, power and thrust density. Improve grid erosion problems.Highly efficient Multistage Plasma (HEMP)Use of multistage plasma thrusters for next generation satellites for large telecom platformsMulti-purpose, improved performance EP systems (TLC platforms)Develop EP system with to support multiple functions: NSSK, EWSK roll-contol and orbit transfer maneuver. System with throttable thrust and maneuver optimised specific impulse and power to thrust ratio. Improve total impulse (> 30%) wrt current state of the art.

SMALL EP SYSTEMElectric propulsionElectric propulsion systems for small satellitesElectric Propulsion compatible with small satellites (low cost, low power, low mass). Focus on LEO systems.Very low thrust electric propulsion systemsMicro to milli newton throttable thrust (Mini-HEMPT, FEEP, Micro-ionic). Focus on LEO systems.

AOCS systems for improved spacecraft stability, pointing and accuracy

STABILITY, POINTING & ACCURACYAOCS System improvementFOG IMU including accelerometersInertial Measurement Unit for Science, Exploration missions and potentially Telecommunications with measurement range of +/- 140°/s and +/- 0.05 °/h 3σ of accuracyLine of Sight (LOS) control techniquesControl of stability of line of sight for future GEO and LEO high resolution systems: - Simulations of the different noise sources depending on the equipment- Simulations of the control loop active compensation and achievable performance- Realisation of a breadboard to demonstrate the feasibility of the control loopMulti-frequency GNSS receiversNext Generation multi-frequency GNSS receivers (compatible with GPS, Galileo, Glonass)Very High performance Fibre Optic Gyroscope (FOG)High Performance gyroscope mainly for high demanding missions i.e. EO and Science with very high pointing accuracy < 0.001 °/h

3 7

4 6

4 6

2 8

3 7

5 6

3 6

3 6

2 4

4 8

4 6

2 4

4 8

5 8

4 8

4 6

2 8

5 7

SHORT TRACK ACTIVITIES

9

SATELLITE APPLICATIONS

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

AOCS miniaturised/integrated functions for system competitivenessthrough mass/power optimisation

MINIATURISED/INTEGRATED FUNCTIONSAOCS System improvementFiber optical sensing (optical metrology)Use of fiber optics for ground testing and on-board integrated sensors (temperature, acceleration, etc)Miniaturisation of GNSS receiversBreadboarding and qualification of satellite low cost miniaturised (single frequency) GNSS receivers (including MEMS, MOEMS...)Miniaturisation of GyroscopesBreadboarding and qualification of satellite miniaturised gyros (including MEMS MOEMS...)Miniaturisation of satellite attitude actuatorsBreadboarding and qualification of low cost miniaturised high torque actuators for small sat (e.g CMG.s..)Miniaturisation of Star TrackersBreadboarding and qualification of satellite low cost miniaturised Star Trackers (including MEMS, MOEMS...)Miniaturisation of Sun SensorsBreadboarding and qualification of satellite low cost miniaturised Sun Sensors (including MEMS, MOEMS...)

Next generation avionic system

DATA PROCESSINGData handling system performanceNext Generation Platform On-Board Computer (OBC) EquipmentDevelopment of next generation SCOC (Spacecraft Controller On a Chip) and derived platform OBC: Increased processing power: > 100 MIPS, extended TM/TC and I/FSW on multi-core processorsMethods and tools to have efficient development of SW on multi-core targets

SOFTWAREData handling system performanceTime & Space Partitioning (TSP)Optimisation of SW kernel to support TSPSystem/SW co-design (with associated tools)Generic tools to support end to end system / SW co-design and code generation and testing

DATA BUSData handling system performanceNext generation high speed busAssess technologies for next generation databuses (eg FlexRay, AFDX)Next Generation Remote Interface Unit (RIU)Miniaturised RIU using mixed-signal building blocks

4 6

4 6

4 6

3 7

3 7

3 7

2 7

4 8

4 6

4 6

2 4

4 6

MEDIUM RANGE ACTIVITIES

10

Mars Express, artist’s concept. Mars Express left Earth for Mars on June 2003 when the posi-tions of the two planets allowed for the shortest possible route, a condition that occurs once every twenty-six months. The intrepid spacecraft started its six-month journey from the Baikonur launch pad in Kazakhstan on board a Russian Soyuz/Fregat launcher. ©ESA / D. Ducros

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Next generation platform power systems and technologies: high power system requirements, and overall power system efficiency

POWER GENERATIONInnovative solutions for power system performanceBreakthrough power generationAdvanced solar cells using nanostructures such as quantum wells or quantum dotsNext generation multiple junction solar cellsNew quadruple (or more) junction cell concept realized by new semiconductor bonding processes (efficiency push to 35% BOL and 30% EOL). Technologies to investigate: lattice matched quadruple cells, lattice mismatched quadruple cells, invertedly grown quadruple solar cells and quadruple solar cells realized by semiconductor bonding processes. Consider also nanostructures within solar cells such as quantum wells or quantum dots.Regenerative Fuel Cells power systemPreliminary development of a power system based on regenerative fuel cells (incl. energy production, storage, transportation, distribution...)

ENERGY STORAGEInnovative solutions for power system performanceHigh power / high storage battery cellsAdvanced Li-based cells technology

POWER CONTROL & DISTRIBUTIONInnovative solutions for power system performanceElectrostatic Discharge (ESD) monitoring & mitigationIn orbit measurement / prediction; architecture and technologies for mitigating ESD risksPower Control Unit and Power Control & Distribution unitsNext generation PCU/PCDU with lower mass, better efficiency. Main target: LEO satellites.

Innovative, high performance propulsion systems - focus on long term issuesfor green propulsion and European dependence

CLEAN SPACENext generation propulsion systemsAlternative to Xenon for EP systemsXenon is rare gas and therefore expensive. EP seems to be more and more used in the future: for competitiveness reason, alternative at EP engines level are necessary.Dual mode propulsion system with Arcjet (REACH compliant)Assessment of a European concept of dual mode propulsion engines / thrusters, including arcjet, for higher perfomances - early stage assessment considering potential impact of REACH legislation on propellant choices Hybrid green propulsion Develop specific technologies (catalyser, paraffine and oxyidiser couple) for adapting hybrid propulsion to space platforms

VERSATILITY AND POWER (TRANSFER PHASE)Next generation propulsion systemsMixed (electric/chemical) propulsion for satellite applicationsEvaluate mixed (electric/chemical) throttleable propulsion systems for transfer phase and station keepingVery high performance apogee motorAssess the potential to optmize the transfer phase. Evaluate both bi-propellant (ISP > 330 - 340 s) and solid propellant (thrust level up to 30 kN) technologies

Technologies, tools and architectures for space system integrity and security

INTEGRITYSystem & architectureAdvanced Fault Detection, Isolation and Recovery (FDIR) design and implementationTools and methodologies, advanced concepts, harmonised safety/security approaches

SECURITY System & architectureSecurity & cryptography, secure and robust TT&CAssessment, simulation and evaluation of a standardized ground/space architecture (key management, modular security architecture), building blocks (encryption algorithms, crypto units) and technologies (public private key generation on satellite, single chip solutions, IP-based crypto)

3 5

4 6

1 4

4 6

2 4

3 6

2 4

3 6

2 6

2 6

3 6

4 6

2 6

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

11

The Fregat-MT upper stage carrying the two Galileo In-Orbit Valida-tion satellites separates from the Soyuz third stage. It is this Fregat-MT upper stage that has the task of carrying the sat-ellites most of the way to medium Earth orbit, at 23.222 km of altitude. ©ESA / P. Carril, 2011

#1[science]

SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMES

The Eurospace science roadmap focuses on improving performance at payload level (platform related priorities are addressed in the ‘spacecraft bus’ section).

Linked roadmaps: Technologies for science missions, such as astronomy and

Earth science often share requirements with technologies used in Earth observation programmes (particularly in the visible, IR, UV and sub-mm), and may also lead to dual use applications.

The main areas for development are: Performance improvement on the full detection chain in

various bands (from X-Ray, UV to visible, IR mm and sub-mm) Efficient payload data handling, including multi-instrument

data handling and fast data processing. This is particularly critical for astronomy programmes (such

as Gaia) with very large and complex images are produced and with the current trend to increasing instrument resolution, which also produces larger amounts of data. On board data processing and reduction is also required,

particularly for missions far away from Earth where data transfer to Earth is available with bandwidth limitations. EEE components roadmap also has an impact on technol-

ogy readiness for data handling and processing requirements for science.

Technologies for large/distributed instruments with a view to further improving resolution and stability.

The key technology drivers are: State of the art instruments and payloads mainly in the optical

and infrared domains, with large and ultra-stable instruments Growing requirements on payload data handling to allow

instrument data pre-processing Additional requirements are related to the mechanical and

thermal stability of instruments, which is particularly critical for instruments

operating at cryo temperatures In some technology areas, such as cryo-coolers

and IR detectors, there are also issues with dependence State of the art technologies addressing requirements

for the development of large and/or distributed instruments Improvement of time measurement techniques to support

higher level science

Eurospace recommendations: Instruments detection chain improvement for state of the art

science and dependence reduction Address new payload requirements for very high rate data

processing Develop next generation instrument technologies

Large telescopes Stable structures (inc. deployable) structure Metrology solutions High performance time precision measurement

Radar views

MEDIUM RANGE

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

12

ESA Planck mission. It is the first European space observatory whose main goal is the study of the Cosmic Microwave Back-ground (CMB) – the relic radiation from the Big Bang. ©ESA (image by AOES Medialab)

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Next generation instrument technologies

PRECISE TIME MEASUREMENTTime measurementIon trapThe ion trap will provide an excellent compromise between frequency stability, mass and robustness - Specifications: mass 3kg; size 2dm^3, perfo freq stability flicker floor <5x10^-15.

LARGE & DISTRIBUTED INSTRUMENTSInstrumentsLarge telescopeDeployable, synthetic aperture, (Vis-IR) diameter > 6-10mStable deployable mast/tube/structureFor various science missions as X & gamma Ray telescope, aperture synthesis, highly stable magnetometer. 10 to 50 m with very low thermal expansionFine metrology solutionsOptical, RF, interferometric - from nano to centimetricMaterials for large optical structures and mirrorsDevelop new European materials for large mirrors & active optics, with cryogenic temperature range extension

2 6

3 8

2 6

4 6

1 2

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Instrument detection chain improvement for state of the art science and dependence reduction

COMPLETE DETECTION CHAIN IMPROVEMENTInstrumentsCoronagraph for future space weather useAim is FoV from 1.5 to 15 solar radii with a cadence of a few minutes. IR & UV Spectrometer technologySmall spectrometer technologies (e.g. MOEMS) for more compact instruments in Science and Exploration.IR detectors developmentEuropean source IR detector for large area arrays (low noise, low dark current, higher operating temperature, higher pixel number, larger detector surface, etc.)Xray detectorsNeed for an European source for large arrays and high spectral resolution in X-raysHigh efficiency cryocoolersDevelopment of high efficiency cryocoolers for Science (few mK) and EO (30-10K)Active OpticsDevelopment of space actuators to support active optics - focus on miniaturisation Mm & sub-mm receiver technologiesPassive radiometer technologies (LNA, direct, mixers, etc) for Earth Observation and Science, from 100 to 800 GhzQuasi-optic technologiesfocal plane with beam splitter from 100 to 800 Ghz

Address new payload requirements for very high rate data processing

EFFICIENT DATA HANDLINGPayload data handlingIntegrated multi-instrument on-board payload data processing for resource constrained missionsUse latest processing technologies (reconfigurable processing, operating systems, etc). Common electronics to several front-ends to save power and mass. Mitigate integration risk.Very high performance payload processing solutionsDevelop solutions for high demanding payload processing (intensive image processing, new missions)

4 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

3 8

3 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

2 6

MEDIUM RANGE ACTIVITIES

13

The Herschel telescope during testing at ESTEC, with its classic Cassegrain design composed of a 3.5m primary mirror and a smaller secondary mirror. This powerful telescope allows astronomers to look deep into space by detecting light emitted in the far-infrared and sub-millimetre regions of the spectrum. ©EADS Astrium / P. Dumas

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

European readiness for planetary exploration

AUTONOMOUS RDV, PROXIMITY AND DOCKING OPERATIONSFine navigation, RDV, proximity operations and dockingRDV system architectureDesign and development of RDV system to support operations of closing and capture in view of space tug applications, or automatic orbital assembly of multi-element exploration spacecraftsSensorsVision based cameras (2D, 3D), TOF LidarActuatorsMechanisms and mechanical actuators

LONG DISTANCE TRAVELSpace propulsion for exploration and long distance travel Exploratory concepts for new propulsion in spaceTrade off and studies for advanced propulsion solutions to allow future exploration and long distance scientific missions. Consider throttleability, system efficiency and de-orbiting/braking/landing functions.

NUMERICAL TOOLSPlanetary entry/re-entry challengesAerothermodynamicsDevelopment of an aerothermodynamics/ablation numerical prediction/analysis multi-disciplinary tool and validations

European readiness for planetary exploration

SOFT PRECISE LANDINGSoft and precision landing, ascent GNC for Entry, Descent, Landing SystemDevelopment of technologies necessary for entry, descent and landing systems (HW,SW, Algorithms, and breadboards)Propulsion Braking systemPropulsion technology for de-orbiting and landing phasesLanding legsDevelopment of an active system for impact absorption, also provided with adjustability functions after landing. Realization of a prototype and relevant ground validation.

SURFACE ACTIVITIESRobotics and mechanical systems PenetratorsDevelopment of a penetrator for sub surface measurements on planetary bodiesPlanetary Surface NavigationDevelopment of navigation algorithms for simultaneous, autonomous localization and mapping (SLAM)

European readiness for planetary exploration

SAMPLE COLLECTIONRobotics and mechanical systems Lightweight robotic armLightweight robotic arm for in-situ operationsDeep drilling technologiesVery deep drilling (>=10 m depth)In-situ Sample handlingDevelopment of technologies necessary for collecting, manipulating and handling planetary and low gravity object samples - e.g Deployable tube structure (tape spring)

THERMAL PROTECTIONPlanetary entry/re-entry challengesAblative thermal protection system (Planetary missions)Development of innovative light weight ablative materials for heat shields related to low energy re-entry trajectories or medium-high energy applications (reusable systems, moon re-entry, titan entry, atomospheric earth re-entry)Thermal Protection System technologies for Re-usable re-entry vehicles (Earth re-entry)Develop thermal protection solutions compatible with re-entry operations from LEO related to reusable vehicles

SAMPLE RETURNRobotics and mechanical systems In flight sample container manipulation and handling systemsCapture mechanisms and devices designs, sealing and storage in re-entry capsule

3 6

3 6

4 5

2 6

3 6

3 5

3 6

3 6

4 6

3 6

3 6

1 3

5 6

2 6

4 6

3 6

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

#2[exploration]

SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMES

Radar view

LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

The robotic exploration roadmap paves the way for future human exploration capabilities. However, the European exploration agenda is still very much uncertain, despite the high

political profile of exploration missions (robotic and manned). There is marked interest for planetary exploration at EU and ESA level, but implementation

and architecture aspects are still to be defined

The robotic exploration roadmap is mostly driven by issues of European readiness for system performance.

In this area there are also issues related to technological dependence.

Exploration recommendation: Eurospace recommends to ensure technological readiness of European solutions

for planetary exploration.

14

#3[human presence in space]

Europe is looking ahead at the future of the ISS, while it has proven its capabilities to develop a pressurised element for humans in space.

Next steps will involve continued support to the orbital infrastructure and the preparation of human exploration missions outside the comfort of the low Earth orbit.

This will require performing critical developments, with a long term view, in the areas of structures/habitats, regenerative life support and safety/integrity.

The readiness of European industry to support future human exploration missions is still limited: the Eurospace Human presence in space roadmap Europe focuses on advanced manned modules and related technologies.

Eurospace recommends to address key technology priorities: Inflatable habitats: Space Shuttle phase out puts new constraints on future

habitat elements, since the large Space shuttle cargo bay is not available anymore. A solution lies in inflatable habitats: compact at launch and providing large habitable volumes in orbit.

Regenerative ECLS: Another critical aspect of human support in space is related to the ECLS system, particularly in view of long distance travel to the planets. Regeneration technologies have strong impact on mission design, and are dimensioning factors for essential functions.

Crew collaborative robotics: robotic support to crew is an essential feature. A robot-assisted crew is the most viable solution for long duration human space travel.

Crew safety and protection: the impact of space radia-tions on space systems and crew health is almost a show stopper for long distance space travel An increase in knowledge of the radiation phenomena and its effects on humans and systems will help in relaxing system design safety factors reducing the requirements for radiation pro-tection dedicated mass allocation. Nevertheless detailed definition of adequate shielding/protection solutions is mandatory. Shielding solutions can be passive or active, but they must be compact and light. Thus necessary steps will involve the accurate characterisation of the environ-ment and the investigation of technologies with high protection properties.

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Advanced manned modules and related technologies

STRUCTURESHabitatsInflatable HabitatsDevelopment of inflatable solutions for pressurized habitable modules. Technology activities from laboratory studies to validate concept and process to prototyping.

LIFE SUPPORTHabitatsRegenerative ECLS (and In-situ Resource Utilization)Identification, design and implementation of prototypes and test benches for most promising regenerative technologies (both at architecture and component level). Technologies for food, water and oxygen production and processing and regeneration of solid and liquid waste materials.

INTEGRITYHabitatsCrew Collaborative RoboticsDevelopment of robotic system capabilities to support:- Inspection, maintenance and servicing of orbital infrastructures both as assistance to astronauts and/or autonomous task- Space exploration activities (establishment of manned surface outposts)Crew safety and protectionInvestigate/assess solutions for the protection of crew from the severe and mutating environmental conditions in exploration programs: radiation, dust, micrometeoroids & debris

2 6

2 6

2 5

3 6

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

Radar view

LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

15

ESA astronaut Hans Schlegel during his first spacewalk. Shortly after the spacewalk officially

started Schlegel and NASA astronaut Rex Walheim headed out of the International Space Station’s Quest

Airlock. The spacewalkers main task was to replace a nitrogen tank used to pressurise the Station’s

ammonia cooling system. The replacement of the tank is part of regular Station maintenance. ©NASA

TRANSVERSAL AND MULTIPURPOSE

#1a[generic technologies and breakthrough]

Improvements in some generic or transversal technology areas will support space system advances in many ways.

Technology drivers: Clean Space (REACH and ROHS) and critical dependence Performance requirements of data processing at payload and platform levels,

and enhanced power solutions

Major areas for short track action are: EEE components

Components have to support systems involving increasing power issues; more electrical/electronics functions on-board, higher voltage, more digital control, higher processing performance and flexibility... Dependence issues are critical

Generic technologies recommendations: Critical actions on materials: REACH compliance (chromate) and composite supply chain issues Short term maturity and dependence actions on EEE components European EEE components for increased data processing and power requirements

Radar view

SHORT TRACK

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

16

Space Situational Awareness (SSA) systems will detect hazards that could affect critical space

infrastructure. This artist’s concept illustrates just some of the missions in orbit that may be

affected by collisions with space debris objects or by deleterious space weather. ©ESA / J. Huart

Short track

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Short term maturity and dependence actions on EEE components

DIGITAL COMPONENTS EEE componentsHigh Speed Serial Link (3 to 10 Gbps)HSSL 6.25 Gbps (using DSM 65nm). Design of a standalone chip using the IP block; Electrical and radiation characterization.Basic bus interface componentsEuropean CAN, 1553 transceiver, Spacefiber, survey of alternatives (Ethernet, ...)Advanced CMOS technology (DSM)To develop 65 nm rad tolerant CMOS technology for advanced digital functions, with IP library. Development of IP blocks such as ADC, DDR3 interface.

ANALOG & MIXED COMPONENTS EEE componentsMixed ASIC technologies (analog, RF & digital)Development and qualification of radiation hard CMOS and/or SiGe European technologies for mixed signal applications. Mixed analog/digital applications: CMOS; mixed RF/digital applications: CMOS < 0.35µm or SiGe technologies. Certification of complete supply chain.

RF COMPONENTS EEE componentsGaN MMIC for medium power, robust low noise and linearEstablish a supply chain for GaN MMIC in Europe. Evaluate and space-qualify a processGaN RF devicesDevelopment and qualification of GaN RF transistors (bands: L/C/X, ...)Microwave Very Low Noise Transistors and MMICVery low noise, < 100nm process, PHEMT or MHEMT

POWER EEE componentsLow power SupercapacitorsDesign and qualification of high density energy storage systems (>5 Wh/kg and <0.1 second time constant), 100000 cycles degradation <20%Power components building blocksDevelopment of Point Of Load (POL) and Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technologies for power.Power MOSFET transistors - extended voltage rangeExtend voltage range of MOSFET family (above 500V and below 60V)

European EEE components for increased data processing and power requirements

DIGITAL COMPONENTS EEE componentsHigh speed ADC (1.5 to 3 Gsps)ADC 12 bits 1.5 - 3 GSps (very low power)High speed DAC (1.5 to 3 Gsps)DAC 12 bits, 1.5 - 3 GSps (very low power)Advanced digital signal processorQualify EU source of high performance DSPMulti Core processorBreadboarding and qualification of multicore processing for space applications/on board computersNew micro-controllerDevelopment of low power digital micro-controller (focus on cost and performance)Next generation System on a chip (Spacecraft controller on a chip - SCOC)Development of next generation SCOC (Spacecraft Controller On a Chip) and derived platform OBC. Increased processing power: > 100 MIPS, extended TM/TC and I/FReprogrammable FPGA Development of a European large reprogrammable FPGA (2 Mgates) in 65nm technology

RF COMPONENTS EEE componentsRF passive isolatorHV isolators with high thermal conductivity

PHOTONICS EEE componentsHigh Speed optical interconnect 10 Gbps optical emitter and receiver

PASSIVE COMPONENTS EEE componentsPassive and RF passive componentsHigh vibration & shock relays. Platinum sensor thermistor, heaters, oscillators, relays, etc.

DATA STORAGE COMPONENTS EEE componentsNext generation mass memoriesThe need is to increase the data rate (more urgently than the capacity) so that each module will typically offer >2Gbps (> 4 Gbps in long term) for 1 Tbit capacity .=> qualification of new high speed/high capacity flash or DDR memory components.

PACKAGING EEE componentsLead-free electronics assemblyMitigate the use of lead-free electronics (whiskers). Prepare the introduction of full lead-free electronics in case RoHS directive become applicable to spaceDie attachFlip-chip packaging & assembly for die (> 1000 I/O)High pin count assembly (BGA, CSP) and high density printed circuit board Qualified European PCB source for mounting > 1000 I/Os componentsHigh pin count hermetic and non hermetic package Hermetic and non-hermetic packages with > 1000 pins, 10W

POWER EEE componentsHigh Voltage componentsHV relays (> 100V), HV ceramic capacitors (200V-500V), components for HV Electrical Propulsion Control Units 300-1500V High voltage SiC TransistorSiC transistors for space usage

Critical actions on materials: REACH compliance (chromate) and composite supply chain issues

COMPOSITE MATERIALS MaterialsEuropean composite dependence reductionIdentify a solution to garantee carbon fiber and pre-preg supply to the European space sector

CLEAN SPACE MaterialsChromates substituteChromate free materials (REACH compliant). Main use: aluminium anodisation. Chromium6 sunset date: 2016.

4 6

2 6

4 7

4 6

3 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

3 6

3 6

4 6

4 6

4 8

4 8

3 6

2 6

4 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

4 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

4 6

3 6

4 6

na na

SHORT TRACK ACTIVITIES

17

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Design and engineering tools enhancement

SYSTEM & INNOVATION Breakthrough concepts and technologiesSpacecraft virtualisation toolsFull spacecraft virtual design, verification & testing tools and methodologies (hybrid benches)

High performance materials and structures, focus on nano-materials and manufacturing aspects

MATERIALS & STRUCTURES Breakthrough concepts and technologiesNano-Materials: High performance structuresNano-materials: assess usage for advanced high performance structures and infrastructure elementsNano-Materials: Mechanical & thermal propertiesCreate the know-how needed to develop new mechanical /thermal components for future platforms or payloads (thermo-optical nanobased coatings, nanolubricants, nanocomposites, ...)Smart SkinDesign and manufacturing of multifunctional systems implementing a high level of functional integration (structural, thermal control, electronics shielding and health monitoring functions) and diagnostic capability (e.g. lightweight structures)Flexible self regulated heatersActive thermal control improvement: flexible and self regulated heaters to simplify the regulation management of the heating lines. Also applicable to loop heat pipes. Ultralight structures: health management systemDevelopment and integration of structure health management architectures based on innovative equipment/sensor technologyAdvanced direct structure manufacturing techniquesApplication of Direct Manufacturing Technologies (e.g. additive layer manufacturing, etc) for lower mass/cost and multi-functional structural equipmentAdvanced thermal control materialsDevelop and qualify optmised thermal coatings (e.g. electro-thermo chrome) for high performance and competitive thermal systemsLightweight radiator panels technologiesIntroduction of nanotechnologies for conductive carbon panels, low CTE heat pipes and equipment and assembly

European solutions for smart, green and composite materials

COMPOSITE MATERIALS MaterialsNew high performance light alloys/ceramicsCharacterisation of new high performance light alloys/ceramics for long-life, friction-less mechanisms. Potential application: high performance ball bearings.Non-metallic honeycomb materialsDevelopment of a European composite honeycomb sourceStructural CFRP materialsStructural materials : CFRP technologies : reinforcement for protection against micrometeorites

CLEAN SPACE MaterialsNew solvent and cleaning technologiesNew solvent and cleaning materials to replace existing ones (e.g Chlorophorm, Trichlorethylen, ...) (REACH)PrimersREACH compliant primers. Parts bonding function.Solithane subsituteNew Solithane free materials (REACH)

CRITICAL FUNCTIONS MaterialsEuropean polyimideAtomic oxygen resistant European polyimide for spacecraft and instruments Multi Layer Insulation (MLI)Materials with variable emissivity / absorptivity Materials with variable emissivity / absorptivity. Potential spin-in from automotive industry.Multifunctional coatings (black & white coatings, ...)Multifunctional coatings (black & white coatings,...). Potential spin-in from automotive industry.New adhesives and joining technologiesFocus on automated manufacturing and processes (e.g. automated welding)

2 4

4 6

2 4

2 5

4 6

2 4

2 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

2 4

2 4

2 4

2 4

2 6

2 6

2 6

3 6

2 2

MEDIUM RANGE ACTIVITIES

TRANSVERSAL AND MULTIPURPOSE

Improvements in generic or transversal technology areas will support space system advances in many ways: Thermal and mechanical requirements can be addressed in the material/structure itself; in addition materials itself

will provide solutions for critical functions Spin-in from terrestrial applications should focus on advanced composites and light alloys More environmental friendly production processes and substances System innovation and improved design tools to support European systems and industry competitiveness

Dependence issues are also critical for materials (composites, ceramics, MLI, light alloys...)

Key areas for action are: Materials, including composite materials, new alloys, nano-materials, smart materials etc.

The materials roadmap is marked by very low readiness levels and a high level of dependence. It pursues a variety of aims: lower mass, lower costs, better performance, and obsolescence

issues as well. REACH issues (solvents, primers) Design and engineering tools

Generic technologies recommendations: High performance materials and structures, focus on nano-materials and manufacturing aspects European solutions for smart, green and composite materials Design and engineering tools enhancement

Radar view

MEDIUM RANGE

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

18

#1b[generic technologies and breakthrough] Medium RangeLong Lead

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Mechanisms and actuators maturity and dependence reduction

ACTUATORS & BOOMSMechanismsSMA ActuatorsDevelop and qualify in-orbit linear and rotary SMA actuators (e.g. low shock release mechanisms, speed regulation, etc.)Deployable boomsArticulated/telescopic lightweight technology for booms 1 to 4 meters, for telecoms and instruments in EO and science (magnetometers, interferometry)

STEPPER MOTOR INDEPENDENCEMechanismsEuropean stepper motorEuropean high (detent)-torque, low-mass, efficient stepper motor - mass < 350g - detent torque >0.1 Nm - powered holding torque > 0.8 Nm - step angle 1 degStepper motor gear-box actuatorSADMs and ADTMs - develop european source for gearbox

European EEE components Industrialisation and reliability

RF COMPONENTSEEE componentsRF-MEMS: emphasis on packaging & reliabilityRF MEMS: switches evaluated in 2018; RF MEMS filters: 20GHz TRL 6 in 2015; RF MEMS filters: 100GHz TRL 4 in 2015

PHOTONICSEEE componentsCMOS image sensors - supply chainSecure a European CMOS Imager supply chain : design house, founders, back end providers, testers

3 6

3 6

4 6

4 6

3 5

4 6

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

The long lead generic technologies roadmap addresses limited activities mostly relevant to industrialisation, maturity and dependence aspects.

Two areas for long lead action: EEE components industrialisation Mechanisms and actuators

Generic technologies recommendations: European EEE components industrialisation and reliability Mechanisms and actuators maturity and dependence reduction

Radar view

LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

19

A rear artist’s concept of Proba-2 as it looks towards the Sun. The two complete DSLP (Dual Segmented Langmuir Probe) antennas can be seen on the back of the solar panels, as well as the back solar array. Also visible is the top side of the satellite, with two large star trackers and a pair of cylindrical S-band antennas on opposite corners which are used for communica-tion with ground control. ©ESA / P. Carril, 2009

TRANSVERSAL AND MULTIPURPOSE

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Urgent REACH actions

CLEAN SPACEPropulsion technologies optimisationDevelopment of upper stage hybrid propulsion systemsGreen, high efficiency, low cost propulsion systems/propellants (new oxidizers, low cost materials, ...)

SystemAttitude control system for upper stageDevelopment of an attitude control system based on non-toxic propellant for Ariane5ME

4 6

4 7

SHORT TRACK ACTIVITIES

#2[launcher]The European launcher strategy focuses on:

Ariane 5 system versatility and consolidation Future VEGA exploitation and evolution After Ariane 5 ME, the main target for Europe is the Next

Generation Launcher (NGL) System studies trade-offs will have to be performed

The main medium range target for Europe is the preparation of the Next Generation Launcher. (NGL)

NGL has a cost referenced approach: Development and operations are considered All activities and developments will have to support

competitiveness and cost efficiency The roadmap focuses on cost aspects and technology maturity

All technologies will have to reach TRL 6 by 2016 to prepare the technology portfolio for NGL development

With a long term view and to address a complementary capability to the European family of launchers Eurospace recommends to investigate European quick launch solutions for LEO small satellites

Key candidate technologies for NGL Materials: the launcher roadmap also draws from the materials

roadmap (in the generic domain). A specific emphasis is put on carbon fiber and thermoplastics

Propulsion: new cycles, new propellants, including non toxic, new production processes

Preliminary system and architecture activities, including avionics, aerothermodynamics and ATD

As with other space systems, the REACH legislation has also an impact on the launcher system, particularly with regard to upper stage propulsion and attitude control system.

Eurospace recommendations: Address urgent REACH actions (upper stage propulsion

and attitude control) Ensure NGL architecture and building blocks readiness Develop high performance materials (composites and

innovative metal alloys) for advanced lightweight structures Investigate European quick launch solutions

for LEO small satellites

Radar views

SHORT TRACK MEDIUM RANGE LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

20

Vega’s first launch, dubbed VV01, lifted off on February 13th 2012 and conducted a flawless qualification flight from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana, where the Ariane 1 launch facilities have been adapted for its use. ©ESA / J. Huart, 2012.

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

NGL architecture and building blocks readiness

CRYOGENIC PROPULSIONPropulsion technologies optimisationCryogenic propulsion engine for main/core stageDemonstration of possible main engine cost effective design options: stage combustion, gas generator cycle. Emphasis on versatility of possible use of components (turbopumps, GG, pre burner, ...)Cryogenic propulsion equipment and technologies for main/core stageDevelopment of a complete set of fully electrically driven components : valves, pressure regulators, etc. Advanced Health Monitoring System using MEMS/wireless sensors Cryogenic propulsion equipment and technologies for upper stageMastering non boosted phases: methodologies, tools and components for advanced Health Monitoring System using MEMS/wireless sensorsCryogenic propulsion systemMastering non boosted phases: Improved ignition sequence design and components with low propellant losses

LAUNCHER ARCHITECTURESystemAerodynamics and aerothermodynamics methodologies, tools and test facilitiesValidation of methodologies, tools and test facilities to master the key topics for design of next generation launcher : Aerodynamics coefficients and thermal fluxes, Base flow (aerodynamics, aerothermodynamics, buffeting), Aero elasticity, Side loads, jet effects and separations, pollution / contamination, Lift-off, launchpad designFunctional architecture and avionic systemTo identify new functional architecture concept tolerant to hardware evolution and limiting obsolescence effectSystem designInnovative optmised management of system margins using stochastic approachSystem designTo implement eco-design methodologies and tools based on Life cycle analysis

LAUNCHER TRAJECTORY AND OPTIMISATIONSystemAdvanced mission design tools and methodsAdvanced mission design tools and methods based on guidance schemes allowing more mission versatility, adapted to long duration transfer phase and with shorter duration mission preparation cycleAdvanced GNC designAdvanced GNC design with hybridization of different sensors technologies to master accuracy requirements for long transfer phase and decreasing cost

SOLID PROPULSIONPropulsion technologies optimisationSolid propulsion engine for main/core and booster stagesTo validate efficient simulation methodologies and tools for pressure oscillation effect on launcher loads

CLEAN SPACEPropulsion technologies optimisationDe-orbitation system for upper stageDevelopment of non toxic and high performance/thrust deorbitation system limiting impact on launcher payload mass. Possibly applicable to AR5ME

DATA SYSTEMSystemData handling and communication systemTo develop advanced data communication system based on new generation processors and communication bus with non dependant technologies (FPGA/ASIC based). Associated SW architecture tolerant to hardware evolution and limiting obsolescence effect.

High performance materials (composites and innovative metal alloys) for advanced lightweight structures

ADVANCED COMPOSITEMaterials & structures design and manufacturingAdvanced functionalized materialsAdvanced technologies for stiffness driven design component (e.g.: struts) using Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) technology or for performance driven design components (e.g.: upper stage components as casing, housing) using latest generation Mg alloysThermoplastic compositesDevelopment of prepreg materials and manufacturing technologies (Fiber placement, filament winding, resin transfer moulding) for launcher components : skirts, adapters, fairings, motor cases, covers. Improvements in manufacturing process cycle and cost, higher damage tolerance, better ageing behavior

LIGHTWEIGHT METAL Materials & structures design and manufacturingForging of new generation Al-Li alloysDemonstration of European capabilities in large diameter frame manufacturing (sourcing, forging, machining, surface treatment, testing) of Al-Li alloysInnovative assembly design of structures using FSWCost effective approach for assembly design of stringers and local reinforcement in very lightweight launcher structures based on Friction Stir Welding techniquesInnovative technologies for large frames/ringsNovel manufacturing methods with advanced Al alloy (e.g.: Al-Li), wire-based ALM route with advanced Al alloy (e.g.: Al-Li) or Titanium

CLEAN SPACEMaterials & structures design and manufacturingAlternative thermoset-based composite materialsREACH put in danger the use of thermoset resins processed using phenol based chemistry. Objective is to develop alternative solution.

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

3 6

3 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

4 6

3 6

4 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

3 6

MEDIUM RANGE ACTIVITIES

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

European quick launch capability

SYSTEM & INNOVATIONBreakthrough concepts and technologiesInvestigate European quick-launch solutions for LEO small satellitesInvestigation of a baseline design of a system to inject in LEO small satellites within a few days of alert.

2 4

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

21

TRANSVERSAL AND MULTIPURPOSE

#3[protection of space assets]

As Europe maintains an increasing number of space systems in orbit, there is a growing need to have an appropriate and independent capability to mitigate the risk associated to Space Debris

The ENVISAT satellite performs an average of 4 debris avoidance manoeuvres every year. This has a non negligible impact on the satellite operational lifetime

A better information and characterisation of the space environment, at large, is a critical step to ensure our space assets the longest operational life

This is also a key aspect of the ESA clean space initiative

The protection of space assets must be an essential aspect of a the European space policy The medium range roadmap focuses on preparatory activities for debris monitoring mitigation

and reduction Europe on the long term should consider a complete and independent SSA architecture

Key medium range challenges (technology preparation): Radiation hardening for long lifetime Debris reduction strategies, from system design to system end-of-life Debris monitoring and information Debris removal systems

Eurospace medium range recommendations: Mitigate impact of space environment: radiation hardening and system protection European SSA technology preparation: Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction

As Europe maintains an increasing number of space systems in orbit, there is a growing need to have an appropriate and independent capability to mitigate the risk associated to Space Debris.

Europe still relies very heavily on the information provided by the US NORAD for debris avoidance.

A European independent information system to characterize the space environment is a critical step to ensure European presence in the international space arena.

The protection of space assets must be an essential aspect of a the European space policy.

Key challenge: system and architecture aspects for European SSA Debris monitoring and information

Eurospace long lead recommendation: European SSA architecture: Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction.

Linked roadmaps:The medium range roadmap supports the preparatory activities for long lead European readiness for debris mitigation and reduction.

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

European SSA architecture: Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction

DEBRIS MONITORING Debris tracking, mitigation & captureDual Use Architecture for Space Situational AwarenessDefinition of a dual use (i.e. civilian and defense) architecture for a center maintaining an ephemeris of all detected objects

Mitigate impact of space environment: radiation hardening and system protection

RADIATION HARDENING Space environment for satellite applications (monitoring, modelling, measurement, etc)Mitigation techniques for radiation hardeningAssess and test European solutions for radiation hardening including local (component by component) and global (design and system level) solution Radiation measurement accuracyNeed to implement and verify new radiation measurements techniquesRadiation modelling accuracyNeed to implement and verify new radiation modeling techniques

SPACE SYSTEM OPTIMISATION Space environment for satellite applications (monitoring, modelling, measurement, etc)Environmental ProtectionProvide solutions for the protection of critical systems from the severe and mutating environmental conditions in exploration programs: dust, radiation, micrometeoroids & debris

5 8

5 8

5 7

2 5

2 5

MEDIUM RANGE ACTIVITIES

Radar view

MEDIUM RANGE

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Radar view

LONG LEAD

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

22

Long lead

Medium range

#4[ground systems]

Ground systems interface with the satellite to support mission data links and satellite control and operations.

They play a critical role in the space system, and they must support space system advances with appropriate technology.

The key challenges are Architecture optimisation Standardisation of interfaces and building blocks (i.e. EGS-CC) System performance Data management requirements

Eurospace recommendation: Ground segment architecture and system performance optimisation for increasing data

processing and handling requirements

The roadmap is marked by activities with a spin-in components

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Architecture & system performance optimisation for increasing data processing & handling requirements

SYSTEM OPTIMISATION Spacecraft Ground segmentMan Machine InterfaceDevelopment of new technologies for user-friendly ground segmentsService Oriented Architectures & VirtualisationEnteprise Service Bus, middleware for plug & play capabilitySpectrum, channelisation & connectivity resource managementDesign, development, prototyping of planning tool for high capacity multi-spot telecom missions with on-board connectivity. Design, development, prototyping of efficient radio resource algorithms and associated protocols & architecture for high capacity telecom systems (radio planning, real time resource allocation)

NETWORK & DATA ARCHITECTURE IMPROVEMENT Spacecraft Ground segmentGround segment applications using grid technologiesG/S Architecture definition based on grid/cloud computing technologies ensuring scalability, modularity and flexibility as required in a multiuser and multimission context Next Generation Access network interworking techniques Design, development, prototyping of NGA protocols and associated groung segment building blocks (QoS, mobility, security, transport, Future Internet…)Secure communicationCyber protection, encryption, cyphering, secure networks

DATA PROCESSING FOR NEW MISSIONS Spacecraft Ground segmentAdvanced Signal ProcessingGround post-processing of joint optical and radar image products; multi-sensor fusion, processing for new applications ( security, maritime surveillance, ...)Processors for improved electro-optical sensors resolutionEnhacement of processing algorithm for electro optical improved resolution sensors. Focus on algorithm stabilisation with particular attention on geometric and radiometric correction.Processors for improved Synthetic Aperture Radar sensors resolutionImproving the processing algorithm for SAR high resoluton sensors. Focus on algorithm stabilisation, optimised use of digital elevation model information and image focussing at boundaries.

na na

na na

na na

na na

na na

na na

na na

na na

na na

SHORT TRACK ACTIVITIES

Radar view

SHORT TRACK

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean20

12

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

European SSA technology preparation: Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction

DEBRIS MONITORING Debris tracking, mitigation & captureLarge space debris detection/monitoringDebris >50cm. Development of technologies necessary for space debris detectionSmall space debris detection/monitoringSmall debris <10cm. Development of technologies necessary for characterising LEO environment (e.g. micro-meteorites)Space debris re-entry risk mitigationDebris re-entry risk mitigation (probabilistic and deterministic re-entry platform), debris follow up during atmospheric entry

DEBRIS REDUCTION/PREVENTION Debris tracking, mitigation & captureSpace debris reductionDevelopment of drag augmentation systems for End of Life disposalDe-orbiting deviceDevelopment, prototyping and demonstration of de-orbiting devices, compliant with the 25 years max LEO orbit lifetime Space debris capture systemSystem studies and initial development of technologies necessary for space debris capture autonomy, object recognition, roboticsEquipment for Earth re-entry fragmentation data collectionDesign of standard equipment to monitor the Earth re-entry of any LEO orbiting vehicle

2 4

2 4

2 4

2 7

2 4

4 6

3 8

MEDIUM RANGE ACTIVITIES

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

European SSA architecture: Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction

DEBRIS MONITORINGDebris tracking, mitigation & captureDual Use Architecture for Space Situational AwarenessDefinition of a dual use (i.e. civilian and defense) architecture for a center maintaining an ephemeris of all detected objects.

5 7

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

23

[methodology]

How to read a roadmap

How to read a TRL scale

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2 5

3 6

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES 2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Very high data rate processing for telecommunications payloads

HIGH DATA RATE CONVERSION/STABILISATIONPayload: higher data rates and fast data processing Microwave photonics componentsBasic components development for future high capacity microwave photonic reconfigurable payloads: laser, receiver, amplifier, MOEMS matrix, fiber, connector and passive components, etc.

Payload: spectrum, power and flexibility Regenerative/Transparent in flight reconfigurable On-Board Processor (OBP) based on SW Radio techniquesDevelopment of complete high speed OBP system (including high speed digital components). Long term target performance > 20 Gbit/s.

2 5

3 6

LONG LEAD ACTIVITIES

LEVEL DEFINITION EXPLANATION

TRL 1Basic principles observed and reported Lowest level of technology readiness. Scientific research

begins to be translated into applied research and development.

TRL 2Technology concept and/or application formulated

Once basic principles are observed, practical applications can be invented and R&D started. Applications are speculative and may be unproven.

TRL 3Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof-of-concept

Active research and development is initiated, including analytical / laboratory studies to validate predictions regarding the technology.

TRL 4Component and/or breadboard validation in laboratory environment

Basic technological components are integrated to establish that they will work together.

TRL 5Component and/or breadboard validation in relevant environment

The basic technological components are integrated with reasonably realistic supporting elements so it can be tested in a simulated environment.

TRL 6System/subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment (ground or space)

A representative model or prototype system is tested in a relevant environment.

TRL 7System prototype demonstrationin a space environment

A prototype system that is near, or at, the planned operational system.

TRL 8Actual system completed and “flight qualified” through test and demonstration (ground or space)

In an actual system, the technology has been proven to work in its final form and under expected conditions.

TRL 9 Actual system “flight proven” through successful mission operations

The system incorporating the new technology in its final form has been used under actual mission conditions

RECOMMENDATION TRL START

TRL END

TIME TO TARGETBAR COLOR = DEPENDENCE LEVEL

THE DEPENDENCE SCALE

LEVEL 0

LEVEL 1

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

24

TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE

TECHNOLOGY AIM

TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITY

TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION

[about ASD-EUROSPACE]

Eurospace is a not for profit organisation incorporated under the French law. It was founded in 1961 as the trade association of the then emerging European space industry.

As such Eurospace is the reference body for consultation and dialogue within industry and with European institutions. Its mission is to foster the development of space activities in Europe and to promote a better understanding of space industry-related issues.

Eurospace membership includes companies from 13 European countries. Together they represent more than 90% of the total European industrial turnover in space activities. This makes Eurospace the most representative Association of the Space industry sector in Europe.

Eurospace members are the main European space systems manufacturers. They range from large satellite systems integrators to smaller equipment providers, smaller systems integrators, service operators, launcher parts manufacturers or engineering and software services. The European launch service operator, Arianespace, is also a member.

With more than 50 years of presence in the sector, Eurospace has a well established network of contacts with all the actors involved in the European Space policy and the European space programmes: the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Commission (EC), the European Parliament, the European Defence Agency (EDA), delegations of Member States, Secretariat of the Council of the European Union, representatives of other institutions and associations having common interests. These contacts allow Eurospace to de-liver its messages through multiple channels and to be kept aware in advance of upcoming events.

In 2004, Eurospace became the Space Group of ASD (AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe). The aggregated structure allows industry to better benefit from existing synergies between aeronautics, space and defence activities.

The association ensures a permanent space policy, space programmatic, space technology, and worldwide space business watch. It also monitors daily information from all EU institutional sources in domains that concerns directly or

indirectly the Space sector. The knowledge and understanding gained are used to promote a more space conscious Europe and Eurospace regularly publishes recommendations based on the identification of issues affecting European space industry as a whole.

Activities are carried out within ad hoc working groups, which are composed and chaired by industry representatives. Eurospace executive provides coordination and support. Active Working Groups and Panels are currently the following: Standardisation, Security & Defence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EEE parts and components), Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES), Navigation (Galileo), Space Industry Markets, Research and Technology, Legal Affairs, Policy Committee, Exploration, Space Telecommunications.

For institutions, the association is an effective point of entry into the industrial sector and a preferred vector of dialogue for industry-wide issues: In 2012 a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) was renewed with ESA, which officially recognises Eurospace as the representative body of the European space industry. The MoA covers all issues related to new programmes, competitiveness, research & technology, and administration.

Eurospace has also a wide experience in consultancy activities. Its competence is centered on Space Policy and Strategy, but encompasses technical fields (electronic components, data handling, Ada language) as well as prospective analysis (future programmes, small satellites, ...) and specific industrial fields (competitiveness, R&T, contractual clauses...). It works for various customers such as BMFT, CNES, EDF, the European Space Agency, European Union, UAPT, West African Economic Community, etc. Eurospace consultancy activities are carried out in accordance with the main strategic lines set for the Association.

25

Evert Dudok, Eurospace President, and Eric Morel, ESA Director for Procurement, Financial Operations and Legal Affairs, renew ESA/Eurospace MoA in Belgirate (IT) on March 22nd 2012 during Eurospace 2012 R&T Workshop. ©Eurospace

by Jean-Jacques Tortora, Secretary General

GENERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BREAKTHROUGH Critical actions on materials: REACH

compliance (chromate) and composite supply chain issues European EEE components for increased

data processing and power requirements Short term maturity and dependence

actions on EEE components

GROUND SEGMENT Architecture and system performance

optimisation for increasing data processing and handling requirements

LAUNCHER Urgent REACH actions

GENERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BREAKTHROUGH Design and engineering tools

enhancement European solutions for smart, green and

composite materials High performance materials and

structures, focus on nano-materials and manufacturing aspects

LAUNCHER High performance materials (composites

and innovative metal alloys) for advanced lightweight structures NGL architecture and building blocks

readiness

PROTECTION OF SPACE ASSETS European SSA technology preparation:

Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction Mitigate impact of space environment:

radiation hardening and system protection

GENERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND BREAKTHROUGH European EEE components

Industrialisation and reliability Mechanisms and actuators maturity

and dependence reduction

LAUNCHER European quick launch capability

PROTECTION OF SPACE ASSETS European SSA architecture:

Space debris, monitoring, risk mitigation and reduction

SCIENCE Address new payload requirements

for very high rate data processing Instrument detection chain improvement

for state of the art science and dependence reduction

SCIENCE Next generation instrument technologies

EXPLORATION European readiness for planetary

exploration

HUMAN PRESENCE IN SPACE Advanced manned modules

and related technologies

Tran

sver

sal &

M

ulti-

Purp

ose

Scie

ntifi

c Pr

ogra

mm

es

SHORT TRACK MEDIUM RANGE LONG LEAD

TELECOMMUNICATIONS Improve payload power and flexibility for

broadcast and broadband applications (C to Ka band), increase data processing, focus on performance and dependence reduction Address stringent thermal constraints of

telecommunications missions

EARTH OBSERVATION Improve performance and efficiency of

optical and radar instruments

SPACECRAFT BUS AOCS systems for improved spacecraft

stability, pointing and accuracy Propulsion systems performance and

competitiveness for mission optimisation

TELECOMMUNICATIONS Improve payload power and flexibility

for dual use & innovative missions (UHF/L/S & Q/V) Performance and independence of

European solutions for frequency usage optimisation

EARTH OBSERVATION Future Earth observation missions:

improve detector technology, LIDAR instrument technology and support higher data rates

SPACECRAFT BUS AOCS systems for improved spacecraft

stability, pointing and accuracy Propulsion systems performance and

competitiveness for mission optimisation

TELECOMMUNICATIONS Very high data rate processing for

telecommunications payloads

NAVIGATION European GNSS long term needs: clocks

precision and optimisation (mass/power), signal generation and precision and system optimisation

SPACECRAFT BUS Innovative, high performance propulsion

systems - focus on long term issues for green propulsion and European dependence Next generation platform power systems

and technologies: high power system requirements, and overall power system efficiency Technologies, tools and architectures for

space system integrity and security

ALL ACTIVITIES (short, medium & long) MUST START IN 2012 TO ACHIEVE THEIR TARGETED GOALS.

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Spin-in

Prod.

Cost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep.

Clean

Sate

llite

App

licat

ions

Spin-in

Prod.C

ost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep

.Cle

an

Spin-in

Prod.C

ost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep

.Cle

an

Spin-in

Prod.C

ost

Optim.Perfo.

Dep

.Cle

an

©E

uros

pac

e 20

12