RIGHT OF CHILDREN TO FREE AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION

ACT, 2009

Vikram Sahay, Director, Ministry of HRD, Govt. Of India

Education a Fundamental Right : India

Directive Principles of State Policy

Supreme Court (1992) : Right to Education inherent in ‘Right to Life’ and

‘Right to Equality’

Article 21A (2002): “The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the ageOf six to fourteen years in such manner as the

State may determine, by law.”

Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009

21A and RTE Act enforced w.e.f. 1st April, 2010

Exctract from Objectives of RTE Act

“…..Provision of free and compulsory educationof satisfactory quality to children from disadvantaged group and weaker sections is, therefore, not merely the responsibility of Schools run or supported by the appropriate Governments, but also of schools which are not dependent on Government schools.”

Dimension

200 million children

1.2 millionschools

8 millionChildren

not in school

ChildLabour

Disadvantagedand weaker

section

Pluralisticsociety

FinancialCommitment

Right of Children

Free and Compulsory admission, attendance, Completion of Elementary Education

Removal of

Financial barrier

Compulsion on GovernmentDuty of Parents

Special provision for childrenwith disabilities

No ExpulsionNo detention

Bars corporal punishmentMental harassment

Special provisionfor Out-of-School children

Teachers

National level Teacher qualification norms

1 maintain regularity and punctuality2 complete prescribed curriculum in specified time3 assess learning ability of each child; supplement additional instructions4 Hold regular meetings with parents

ProhibitsPrivate Tuition

ProhibitsTeacher

deployment forNon-educational

purpose

Academic Responsibilities

Teacher position and challenges

7SHRDC programme on BSSFA, Islamabad, 18-29th April, 2011

600,000 untrained teachers

500,000 posts vacant

Another 500,000 teachers required

Rural-urban imbalance in deployment

Imbalance in availability of TEIs

Curriculum Reforms

Assessment and Evaluation

Recent Initiatives

SHRDC programme on BSSFA, Islamabad, 18-29th April, 20118

Development of a new National Curriculum Framework on Teacher Education, linking with NCF,2005 and the RTE Act, 2009

Model sylabii for elementary, secondary and Masters programmes in Teacher Education courses

Preparation of a compendium of resource material for student-teachers

Implications of RTE Act on ITP and CTD

Development of State-specific distance TE courses for untrained teachers

1 one classroom for every teacher2 barrier-free access3 separate toilets for boys and girls4 drinking water facility5 playground6 Boundary wall/fencing7 Library8 play material, games

Infrastructure

1 PTR 1:30 (Primary)2 PTR 1:35 (U Primary)3 Subject teachers in Upper primary4 part-time instructors5 200 working days (Pr.)6 220 working days (u. Pr) 7 45 working hrs/week8 TLM

Academics

School Management Committee in Government schoolsto monitor school functioning

Each School

Schools

No capitation fees

No screening for admission

No school Without

recognition

Penal Provisions

SOCIAL EQUITY ISSUES

>/=25% admission in private schools from Children from disadvantaged/weaker section

Free education to at least 25% children inAided schools

Curriculum

Conform to constitutional values Make child free from fear, trauma, anxiety child-centred, child-friendly learning through activities instruction in child’s mother tongue as far as practicable Continuous and comprehensive evaluation

Content/Principles

No Board Examination till completion of EE

Duties: Central Government

Develop national framework of curriculum

Develop and enforce standards of teacher training

Lay down minimum teacher qualification norms

Prepare estimates of capital and recurring expenditure

Provide resources to State Governments

Duties: Appropriate Government, Local Authority

Ensure Free and compulsory education

Establish neighbourhood school within 3 years

Special training for un-enrolled and drop-out children

Monitoring of admission, attendance, completion of EE

Timely prescription of curriculum, courses of study,Teachers’ training

Protection of Right

Local Authority – First level of Grievance redressal

Grievance for violation

of rights of the child

ParentsGuardian

Any person

State Commissions for Protection of Child Rights

National Commission for Protection of Child Rights

Steps taken for implementation

Model Rules circulated; Central Rules notified

27 StatesUTs have notified State Rules

Rs 2.31 lakh crore approved for 5 years

New implementation norms notified

New teacher qualification norms; Teacher Eligibility Test

Steps taken for implementation

27 States have notified prohibition of corporal punishment

25 States notified prohibiting screening and capitation fees

25 States notified banning Board exams in class VIII

25 States have notified academic authority

50% in Class XII with 2-year D.Ed

50% in Class XII with 4-year B.El.Ed

50% in Class XII with 2-year D.Ed (Special Education)

Class I-V

Graduation with 2-year D.Ed 50% in Graduation with 1-year B.Ed50% in Class XII with 4-year B.El.Ed50% in Graduation with 1-year B.Ed (Special Education)

Class VI-VIII

Pass in Teacher Eligibility Test

Teacher Qualifications

What Government expects from unaided schools

Follow the admission Guidelines issued by the Government

Ban capitation fees, private tuition

Adhere to the norms and standards in the Schedule

Admit children from disadvantaged group and weaker section

Appoint persons who have passed TET as school teachers

What Government expects from unaided schools

No detention, no expulsion of children in classes I-VIII

No corporal punishment to children

Seek recognition from the State Government

Follow curriculum based on principles enshrined in section 29

Orient teachers towards their duties under the RTE Act

Thank YouFor further details visit : www.education.nic.in

vikramsahay7@gmail.com

20

Teachers

Touch

Tomorrow