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STDOBSI BS EN L20L3-ENGL 2000 Lb24b69 OBb6206 456 = BRITISH STANDARD

Rubber and plastics machines - Internal mixers - Safety requirements

The European Standard EN 120132ûûû has the status of a British Standard

ICs 83.200

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

BS EN 12013:2000

Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN

Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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BS EN 12013:2000

direction of the Engineering Amd.No. Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 August 2000

O BSI 08-2000

National foreword

Date Comments

This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 120132000.

The UK participation in its preparation was entsucted by Technical Committee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinew, to Subcommittee MCE/3/2, Rubber and plastics machines - Safety, which has the responsibility to:

- aid enquirers to understand the text;

- present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the

- monitor related international and European developments and promulgate

interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed

them in the UK

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.

Cross-references

The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled ?International Standards Correspondence Index?, or by using the ?Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British S t a n h d s are responsible for their correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Summary of pages

This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 39 and a back cover.

The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.

ISBN O 580 36124 1



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EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

STD-BSI BS EN 12013-ENGL 2000 Lb24bb9 OBbbtOB 229

EN 12013

June 2000

ICs 83.200

English version

Rubber and Plastics Machines - Internal mixers - Safety requirements

Machines pour le caoutchouc et les mati8res plastiques - Mélangeurs internes - Prescriptions de sécurité

Gummi- und Kunststoffmaschinen - Innenmischer - Sicherheitsanforderungen

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 May 2000.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Europem Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning sich national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by traislation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as he official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE N O R M A L I S A T I O N E U R O P Ä I S C H E S KOMITEE FÜR N O R M U N G

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 8-1050 Brussels

O 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.

Ref. No. EN 12013:2000 E



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EN 12013:2000

CONTENTS

Page

ANNEX A (Informative) in the case where certain exothermically reacting compounds cannot be released from the mixing chamber in the event of a power failure _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ _ _ _ _ _ ~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ ________________ .

Examples of possible technical measures to prevent fire hazards

38 . .

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EN 12013:2000

Foreword

This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 145, Rubber and plastics machines - Safety, the Secretariat of which is held by UNI.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2000, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2000.

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard.

According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Annex A is informative.

INTRODUCTION

This European Standard is a Type C Standard as defined in EN 292 and has been elaborated by CEN/TC 145NG7.

The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard. In addition, machinery shall comply as appropriate with EN 292 for hazards which are not covered by this standard.

1 SCOPE

This standard applies to internal mixers for rubber and plastics as defined in 3.1. The safety requirements and/or measures specified in this standard apply to all internal mixers irrespective of their size and irrespective of the control modes of the hopper front door and discharge door.

The safety requirements for the design of exhaust systems and ancillary equipment are not covered by this standard.

The safety requirements for the interaction between internal mixers and ancillary equipment are specified.

This standard covers the significant hazards listed in Clause 4.

This standard is not applicable to internal mixers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN.



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EN 12013:2000

2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

This European Standard incorporates provisions from other publications by dated or undated references. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed below. For dated references, subsequent amendments or revisions of these publications apply to the European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).

EN 292-1:1991

EN 292-2: 199 1 + Al:1995

EN 294: 1992

EN 418:1992

EN 563

EN 574:1996

EN 811

EN 953:1997

EN 954-1:1996

EN 982

EN 983

EN 999

EN 1037

EN 1088:1995

Safety of Machinery- Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1 : Basic terminology, methodology.

Safety of Machinery- Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles and specifications.

Safety of Machinery- Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs.

Safety of Machinery - Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects - Principles for design.

Safety of Machinery - Temperatures of touchable surfaces - Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces.

Safety of Machinery - Two-hand control devices - Functional aspects - Principles for design.

Safety of Machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs.

Safety of Machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and moveable guards.

Safety of Machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1 : General principles for design.

Safety of Machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components - Hydraulics.

Safety of Machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components - Pneumatics.

Safety of Machinery - The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds of parts of the human body.

Safety of Machinery - Prevention of unexpected start-up.

Safety of Machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for design and selection.



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EN 120 13 :2000

EN 1127-1 Explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection - Part 1 : Basic concepts and methodology.

prEN IS0 14 122- 1 : 1999 Safety of Machinery - Permanent means of access to machines and industrial plants - Part 1 : Choice of a fixed means of access between two levels

prEN IS0 14122-2: 1999 Safety of Machinery - Permanent means of access to machines and industrial plants - Part 2: Working platforms and gangways

prEN IS0 14122-3:1999 Safety of Machinery - Permanent means of access to machines and industrial plants - Part 3: Stairways, stepladders and guard-rails

prEN IS0 14122-4: 1999 Safety of Machinery - Permanent means of access to machines and industrial plants - Part 4: Fixed ladders

EN 60079-14 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 14: Electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines) (IEC 60079- 14: 1996).

EN 60204-1: 1997 Safety of Machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204- 1 : 1997).

prEN 60204- 1 1 : 1998 Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1 1 : General requirements for voltages above 1 O00 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c and not exceeding 36 kV.

EN 60529: 199 1 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989).

EN 61310-1 Safety of Machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 1 : Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals (IEC 61310-111995).

EN IS0 4871 Acoustics - Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (IS0 487 1 : 1996).

EN IS0 11202 Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions - Survey method in situ (IS0 11202:1995).

EN IS0 1 1688- 1 Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment - Part 1 : Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1 :1995).

prEN IS0 11688-2: 1999 Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment - Part 2 : Introduction to the physics of low- noise design (ISORR 11688-2:1998).

CENELEC Report R-044-00 1

Safety of Machinery - Guidance and recommendations for the avoidance of hazards due to static electricity.



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STDsBSI BS EN 12013-ENGL 2000 D Lb24bb9 0866233 b9 b = Page 6 EN 12013:2000

3 DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this standard the following definitions apply:

3.1 internal mixer

A mixing machine for the discontinuous production of rubber or plastic compounds. Its main parts are (Figure 1):

- two counter rotating horizontal rotors (a) within a mixing chamber (b);

- a feed hopper (c) with several openings:

- at the feed side, a feed opening equipped with a door (hopper fiont door) (d);

- at the side opposite to the feed side, an inspectiodaccess opening (hopper rear opening) equipped with a fixed or moveable guard (hopper rear door) (e);

- possible additional feed openings for connection to feeding ducts (0;

- a floating weight which applies pressure to the materials to be mixed (g);

- a drop type or sliding type discharge door (h).



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I I

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Figure 1 - Principal parts of an internal mixer



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EN 12013:2000

3.2 ancillary equipment

Equipment which interacts with the internal mixer. For the purposes of this standard this includes upstream and downstream equipment. Examples: belt conveyors, bin tippers, powder or liquid feeding systems, two-roll mills, extruders.

3.3 major cleaning

A cleaning operation which requires suspension of production, the mixer to be emptied and access to the mixing chamber.

4 LIST OF HAZARDS

4.1 Mechanical hazards

The significant mechanical hazards which are specifically associated with internal mixers are described in 4.1.1 to 4.1.6; the significant mechanical hazards which are not specifically associated with internal mixers are described in 4.1.7 and 4.1 .S. The mechanical hazards associated with major cleaning, maintenance and repair operations are included in 4.8.

4.1.1 Hazards in the loading area (Figure 2)

4.1.1.1 Hazards due to power operated movement of the hopper front door, automatically or manually controlled

a) Closing movement

Hazards of shearing and/or crushing between the door and the edges of the feed opening (location a). See also 4.1.3 c).

b) Opening movement

Hazards of crushing between the hopper front door and fixed parts, particularly its stops (location b).

4.1.1.2 Hazards through the feed opening

a) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing due to movement of the floating weight

- between the floating weight and the fixed bridge member or upper edge of the feed opening on the upstroke of the floating weight (location c);

- between the floating weight and the lower edge of the feed opening on the downstroke of the floating weight (location d).



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b) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the rotors, or between the rotors and the walls of the mixing chamber (location e) in the case of:

- reaching through the opening;

- falling through the opening.

c) Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin in the case of splashing of process oil from the fluid injectors (location f).

4.1.1.3 Hazard of entanglement with strip-fed material (location g)

4.1.2 Hazards through the additional feed openings (Figure 2)

a) Hazards of severing, shearing andor crushing between the floating weight and the edges of these openings (location h).

b) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the rotors or between the rotors and the walls of the mixing chamber (location i).

c) Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin in the case of splashing of process oil from the fluid injectors (location j).



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I

j i h

* .

/ I -

Ø

I

Figure 2 - Locations of the mechanical hazards in the loading area and at the additional feed openings

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4.1.3 Hazards through the hopper rear opening (Figure 3)

a) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing due to movement of the floating weight

- between the floating weight and the fixed bridge member or upper edge of the hopper rear opening on the upstroke of the floating weight (location a);

- between the floating weight and the lower edge of the hopper rear opening on the downstroke of the floating weight (location b).

b) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the rotors or between the rotors and the walls of the mixing chamber (location c).

c) Hazards of shearing and/or crushing between the power operated hopper front door and the edges of the feed opening when the hopper fkont door is closing (location d).

d) Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin in the case of splashing of process oil from the fluid injectors (location e).

O BS108-2000 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN


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STD.BS1 BS EN II20L3-ENGL 2000 111 II624669 OBbb2L9 004 111

Page 12 EN 120 1 3 :2000

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Figure 3 - Locations of the mechanical hazards at the hopper rear opening



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4.1.4 Hazards at the discharge zone (Figures 4 and 5)

Where discharge occurs by opening (tilting) parts of the mixing chamber itself, such movable parts of the mixing chamber are considered as drop type doors (Figure 5 ) .

a) Hazards due to movement of the power operated discharge door and its mechanisms

- Closing movement

1) Hazards of shearing and/or crushing between the door and the edges of the discharge opening with a drop type door (Figures 4a and 5 locations a) or with a sliding door (Figures 4b and 4c, locations a);

2) Hazard of crushing between the door and the latch of the locking mechanism for a drop type door (Figure 4a location b).

- Closing and opening movement

1) Hazards of impact, shearing and/or crushing by the sliding mechanism for a sliding door (Figure 4c location b);

2) Hazard of impact by the door for a drop type door (Figure 4a location d, Figure 5 location b);

3) Hazard of crushing between the door and fixed parts of the machine for a drop type door (Figure 4a location e, Figure 5 location d).

- Opening movement

Hazards of crushing and/or stabbing by the position indicator rods of the locking latch mechanism for a drop type door (Figure 4a location f).

b) Hazards through the discharge opening

- Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the rotors or between the rotors and the walls of the mixing chambededges of the discharge opening (Figure 4a location g, and Figure 5 location e)

- Hazards of crushing between the floating weight and the rotors at rest in the case of a downstroking movement of the floating weight (Figure 4a location h and Figure 5 location c)

- Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin in the case of splashing of process oil fiom the fluid injectors (Figure 4a, location i)

- Hazards of impact and/or crushing by the falling product or materials (Figure 4a location j and Figure 4b location c).

According to the dimensions and installation of the internal mixer, the hazards listed in a) and b) above can be distributed into two different zones (Figure 4a):



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4.1.4.1 Zone A

The zone located between the horizontal level corresponding with the bottom of the floating weight in its lowest position and the platform giving access to the discharge door mechanisms. All hazards listed in a) and b) above exist in Zone A.

4.1.4.2 Zone B

The zone located between the access platform and the level onto which the mixed product falls; Zone B exists only if H1 p 2 500 mm. Hazards listed in b), 3rd and 4th indents, exist in Zone B.

Where Zone A and Zone B form a single zone, that single zone is considered similar to Zone A.



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EN 12013:2000

Figure 4b - Hazards specifically associated with a sliding discharge

door

+

c

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Figure 4a - Internal mixer with drop type discharge door

Figure 4c - Sliding discharge door

(view P)

Figure 4 - Locations of mechanical hazards in the discharge zone



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d

b

C e a

f

Figure 5 - Locations of the mechanical hazards in the discharge zone (discharge by opening parts of the mixing chamber)

4.1.5 Hazards due to movement of the floating weight actuators and the moving parts connected to them when such actuators are installed outside the feed hopper (Figure 6)

Hazards of drawing-in, shearing and/or crushing between the moving parts of the actuators and fixed parts of the machine (location a).

0 BSI 08-2000 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN


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EN 12013:2000

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4.1.6 Hazards due to movement of the position indicator rods and floating weight cooling pipes (Figure 3)

Hazards of stabbing, puncture and/or drawing-in (location f).

4.1.7 Hazards due to movement of machine actuators andparts of the drive and transmission system

Hazards of impact and/or drawing-in (Figure 7 location b) and/or crushing (Figure 7 locations a and c, Figure 2 location k, Figure 4a location c and Figure 5 location f).

Figure 7

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4.1.8Hazards due to the hose assemblies of the hydraulidpneumaticheating and cooling systems

a) Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin due to unexpected release of pressurized fluid

b) Hazard of impact due to whiplash of flexible hoses in the case of hose rupture or disconnection.

4.2 Electrical hazards

- Electric shock or burns due to direct or indirect contact with live parts.

- Electric shock due to build up of electrostatic charge.

- Hazards arising from faults in electrical equipment (e.g. short circuit).

4.3 Thermal hazards

Hazards causing bums and/or scalds due to high operating temperatures of:

- process oils;

- compound;

- machine parts.

4.4 Hazards generated by noise

- Permanent loss of hearing acuteness.

- Tinnitus.

- Tiredness, stress, etc.

- Other effects such as loss of balance, loss of awareness, etc.

- Interference with speech communications, acoustic signals, etc,

4.5 Hazards resulting from substances hazardous to health

Contact with and/or inhalation of hazardous substances which may processed. Potential hazards exist:

- at the hopper openings;

- at the rotor dust seals;

- at the discharge opening;

- from process oils.

released from ille materials

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EN 12013:2000

4.6 Fire hazards

Potential hazards arise from:

- excessive temperature of the compound due to over mixing or due to unprogrammed stopping of the mixing action with exothermically reacting compounds;

- exothermically reacting compounds that cannot be released from the mixing chamber in the event of a power failure;

- static electric discharge.

4.7 Slip, trip and fall hazards

4.7.1 Slipping due to ìeakage from dust seals

4.7.2 Slipping, tripping and falling from permanent means of access

4.8 Hazards during major cleaning (see 3.3), maintenance and repair

- All mechanical hazards listed in 4.1, except 4.1.1.3

- The hazards listed in 4.3 and 4.5

- Additional hazards associated with whole body access to the mixing chamber (unexpected start up, release of stored energy, slipping or falling).

5 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND/OR MEASURES

The safety devices specified in this clause correspond with the definitions in the following standards:

- fixed guards: see 3.2 of EN 953:1997;

- interlocking guards: see 3.2 of EN 1088: 1995;

- interlocking guards with guard locking: see 3.3 of EN 1088: 1995;

- hold-to-run control devices: see 3.23.3 of EN 292- 1 : 199 1 ;

- two-hand control devices: see 3.1 of EN 574: 1996.

The safety requirements and/or mea: ures specified in the following subclauses in regard to each identified hazard shall in combination provide protection for all the hazards in the relevant area.

Safety related parts of the control system shall be in accordance with category 1 of EN 954-1: 1996 unless otherwise specified.



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5.1 Mechanical hazards

5.1.1 Hazards in the loading area

5.1.1.1 Hazards due to power operated movement of the hopper front door, automatically or manually controlled

a) Closing movement

Reaching the danger zones shall be prevented by one or more of the following:

- Fixed guards positioned in accordance with Table 2 of EN 294: 1992 and located not more than 180 mm fi-om fixed or moving parts of the machine to make it impossible to stand between the guards and those parts.

- Upstream equipment (for instance an ancillary feeding device) may act as a fixed guard; however, if it is movable, it shall comply with the requirements for interlocking guards specified in the second indent of this subclause.

- Interlocking guards positioned in accordance with Table 1 of EN 294: 1992 and located not more than 180 mm from fixed or moving parts of the machine. Opening of the guard shall stop movement of the hopper fiont door. (Category 1 of EN 954-1:1996 for manually controlled hopper front doors; category 3 of EN 954-1 : 1996 for automatically controlled do ors).

- In the case of a manually controlled power operated hopper fiont door, a two-hand control device, Type IIIA of EN 574: 1996, or a hold-to-run control device positioned at least 2 m away from the nearest crushing point. (See also 7.1.1a)). In either case, the manual controls shall be located so as to allow a good view of the danger zone.

b) Opening movement


- Fixed and/or interlocking guards according to 5.1.1.1 a), 1 st and/or 2nd indents.

- In the case of a manually controlled power operated hopper fiont door, a manual control device as specified in 5. I . 1.1 a), 3rd indent.

- In the case of an automatically controlled power operated hopper front door, a presence sensing device. This device when actuated shall prevent opening of the hopper front door. See also 5.1.1.2d).



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5.1.1.2 Hazards through the feed opening

a) Movement of the floating weight

Reaching the danger zones through the feed opening shall be prevented by one of the following:

- The hopper front door in the closed position. This door shall act as an interlocking guard. Movement of the floating weight (including movement in the float condition) shall be prevented if the hopper front door is open except:

1) downstroking or floating movement if the floating weight has already passed the lower edge of the feed opening or upstroking movement if the floating weight has already passed the upper edge of the feed opening;

2) any movement if it is controlled by means of a two-hand control device Type IIIA of EN 954- 1 : 1996 or a hold-to-run control device positioned at least 2m away f'rom the nearest shearing or crushing point. These devices shall be made operable only by means of a mode selector switch. See also 7.1. la).

- The fixed and/or interlocking guards specified in 5.1.1.1 a). The interlocking guards shall be interlocking guards with guard locking which prevent access until:

1) the hopper front door is closed (category 3 of EN 954-1: 1996) or

2) the hopper front door is opened (category 3 of EN 954- 1 : 1996) and the conditions specified in 1) and 2) of the 1 st indent of 5.1.1.2a) are achieved.

b) Movement of the rotors

Reaching the rotors through the feed opening and falling on to the rotors both need to be prevented.

b i) Reaching the rotors through the feed opening shall be prevented by one or more of the following:

1) Safety distances according to Table 2 of EN 294: 1992, the distances being measured with reference to the nearest access point, or according to Table 4 of EN 294: 1992 or according to EN 8 1 1 for the lower limbs.

2) The fixed guards specified in 5.1.1.1 a), 1 st indent. These guards may have openings to allow the operator to use a tool if necessary to unclog the feed opening. These openings shall be equipped with interlocking guards. The positioning of the fixed guards and the size of any guard opening shall be such that the safety distances comply with Table 2 of EN 294: 1992 w :th reference to the lower edge of the openings in the guards or with Table 4 of EN 294: 1992.

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The interlocking guards shall be interlocking guards with guard locking which prevent access until the hopper fiont door is opened (category 3 of EN 954- 1 : 1996) and the conditions specified in 1) and 2) of 5.1.1.2a) 1 st indent are achieved and they shall be so interlocked that, when open, they prevent any movement of the hopper front door.

b ii) Falling onto the rotors through the feed opening shall be prevented by giving preference to design solutions in which each component is fed via a particular feeding system. Ducts connecting such systems to the internal mixer act as fixed guards (replacement of a hopper front door by such feeding systems would cancel the hazards listed in 4.1.1.1 and 4.1.1.2).

Where this is not possible for technical and/or processing reasons, the risk of falling onto the rotors shall be reduced by limiting the dimensions A and B of the access opening (Figure 8) to a maximum of 500 mm x 400 mm (or 400 mm x 500 mm) or by automatically reducing the size of the access opening to these dimensions by means of a special movable mechanical device as soon as the hopper front door opens.

Figure 8 - Hopper front door - Dimensions of the access opening



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Alternatively one of the following measures shall be applied:

1) The upper edge of the hopper front door in the open position shall be at least 1 100 mm above the operator's platform (Figure 2 dimension H). See also 7.1.1 b).

2) The lower edge of the opening in the fixed guards mentioned in 5.1.1.2 b), 2nd indent shall be a minimum of 1 100 mm above the operator's platform. See also 7.1.1 b).

3) The upstream feeding equipment (see 5.1.1.1 a), 1st indent) shall act as an interlocking guard with guard locking which prevents access until the energy supply for movement of the rotors is interrupted and the rotors are at rest or until the special movable mechanical device mentioned above has moved into its safety position.

Where this upstream equipment is movable (eg. with a forward and backward motion), a mechanically actuated trip device (eg. pressure sensing mat, bar or edge) or a non- mechanically actuated trip device (eg. electro-sensitive protective equipment) shall be provided to prevent or stop the forward movement of this equipment when an operator stands between it and the open hopper front door.

The hazard of falling onto the rotors due to the operator's body being carried by the feeding equipment is not covered by this standard.

c) Splashing of process oil

This hazard shall be prevented by stopping the injection of process oil if:

- the hopper front door is opened; or

- the interlocking guard specified in 5.1.1.1 a), 2nd indent is opened; or

- the interlocked upstream equipment specified in 5.1.1.1 a), 1 st indent, if any, is removed.

d) Alternative measure for automatically fed internal mixers

For such machines the hazards mentioned in 4.1.1.2 may be prevented by a presence sensing device (see 5.1.1.1 b) 3rd indent) which, when actuated, closes the hopper front door (category 3 of EN 954-1: 1996). This device shall be positioned so that closure of the door is completed before the operator can reach the danger zone. For approach speeds see EN 999.

5.1.1.3 Hazard of entanglement with strip-fed material

See 7.1.2a).



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5.1.2 Hazards through the additional feed openings


Reaching the danger zone shall be prevented by a fixed guard which shall be provided for each one of the openings for the purpose of closing the opening when not in use. See 7.1.2b).


Reaching the danger zone shall be prevented by the provision specified in 5.1.2 a).

c) Splashing of process oil

Hazards shall be prevented by the provision specified in 5.1.2 a).

5.1.3 Hazards through the hopper rear opening



- An interlocking guard with guard locking preventing access until the floating weight is mechanically secured in its highest position or resting in its lowest position, the energy supply for movement of the floating weight is interrupted and stored energy for this movement is dissipated (category 3 of EN 954- 1 : 1996);

The interlocking guard with guard locking may only be equipped with a trapped key interlocking device (see Annex E of EN 1088: 1995) if the following conditions are complied with:

1) access is required infrequently (not more than once per shift on average); see

2) coded keys, which are not easily reproducible, are used;

3) for each lock, a unique key exists; see also 7.1.2d).

also 7.1.2~);

- A fixed guard, but only if access is intended to be exclusively for major cleaning, maintenance or repair purposes (see 5.8).


Reaching the danger zones shall be prevented by the safety measures specified in 5.1.3 a). Where an interlocking guard with guard locking is selected, it shall prevent access until the energy supply for movement of the rotors is interrupted and the rotors are at rest. (category 3 of EN 954- 1 : 1996).

, c) Powered closing movement of the hopper front door



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Reaching the danger zone shall be prevented by either:

1) Safety distances according to Table 2 or 4 of EN 294: 1992; or

2) The safety measures specified in 5.1.3 a). Where an interlocking guard with guard locking is selected, it shall prevent access until the energy supply for closing movement of the hopper fiont door is interrupted (category 1 of EN 954- 1 : 1996 if the door movement is manually controlled; category 3 of EN 954- 1 : 1996 if automatically controlled).

d) Splashing of process oil

This hazard shall be prevented by the guards specified in 5.1.3 a). Where an interlocking guard with guard locking is selected, opening of the guard shall stop the injection of process oil.

5.1.4 Hazards at the discharge zone

5.1.4.1 Zone A

a) Powered movement of the discharge door and its mechanisms

Reaching the danger zones shall be prevented by fixed guards positioned in accordance with Table 2 of EN 294: 1992. These guards shall form a fully surrounding distance guard according to 6.3d) of EN 953: 1997. If necessary they shall be combined with interlocking guards with guard locking which shall prevent access until:

- the discharge door is resting in its open position or mechanically secured in the open position, the energy supply for its closing movement is interrupted and the stored energy for this movement is dissipated; or

- the discharge door is mechanically secured in the closed position.


Reaching the moving rotors through the discharge opening shall be prevented by fixed guards combined with interlocking guards with guard locking as specified in 5.1.4.1 a). Opening these interlocking guards shall only be possible if the energy supply for movement of the rotors is interrupted and the rotors are at rest.

c) Movement of the floating weight

Reaching the downstroking floating weight through the discharge opening shall be prevented by one of the following:

- safety distances according to 4.2.2 of EN 294: 1992, measured from the level of the access platform, or Table 4 of EN 294: 1992;

- fixed guards combined with interlocking guards with guard locking as specified in 5.1.4. la). Opening these interlocking guards shall interrupt the energy supply for movement of the floating weight.



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d) Splashing of process oil

To prevent this hazard injection of process oil shall be stopped by either:

- opening the discharge door; or

- opening the interlocking guards specified in 5.1.4.1 a).

e) Falling product or materials

This hazard shall be prevented by the fixed guards and interlocking guards with guard locking specified in 5.1.4.1 a). Opening these interlocking guards shall only be possible if:

- the discharge door is closed and secured in the closed position; or

- the fall of the product has been completed, and the hopper front door is closed on manually fed mixers and/or all automatic feeding mechanisms are stopped.

5.1.4.2 Zone B

Hazards due to the falling product or materials or the splashing of process oil shall be prevented by one of the following:

- Fixed guards as in 5.1.4.la), combined with interlocking guards with guard locking which can be opened only if:

1) the discharge door is closed and secured in the closed position; or

2) the discharge door is open and the rotors are stopped and the conditions mentioned in 5.1.4.1 e), 2nd indent are achieved, and the injection of process oil is stopped.

- A fixed guard in the shape of a hopper completed by downstream equipment (e.g. two-roll mill, extruder) also acting as a fixed guard. If the downstream equipment is movable, it shall be associated with an interlocking device which causes the discharge door to close when the downstream equipment is removed.

5.1.5 Hazards due to movement of thefloating weight actuators and the moving parts connected to them when such actuators are installed outside the feed hopper

If these hazards are not eliminated by design, or are not out of reach (see 4.2.1 of EN 294: 1992), fixed guards shall be used.

5.1.6 Hazards due to movement of the position indicator rods and floating weight cooling pipes

The requirements in 5.1.5 shall be met.



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5.1.7 Hazards due to movement of machine actuators andparts of the drive andpower transmission system

The requirements in 5.1.5 shall be met.

5.1.8 Hazards due to the hose assemblies of the hydraulìcbneumaticlheating and cooling systems

a) To prevent the uncontrolled release of fluids under pressure, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment shall be designed in accordance with 3.8 of EN 292-2:1991 and EN 982 or EN 983.

To prevent release of pressurized fluids from hose assemblies the requirements listed in 5.1.8b) for flexible hoses and their connections shall be met.

b) To prevent whiplash, flexible hoses with pressures higher than 5 MPa and their connections shall be designed to prevent tearing from the fittings and unintentional detachment from connection points.

Tearing can be prevented by the use of tear proof fittings eg. firm fit connection between hose and fitting. Alternatively dangerous whiplash of flexible hoses can be prevented by fixed enclosing guards (see 3.2.1 of EN 953:1997) and/or additional attachment of the hoses eg. by a chain.

To prevent unintentional detachment from connection points, cutting ring type connectors shall not be used. Appropriate connections are for example flanged joints, flared unions or conical nipple connections.

5.2 Electrical hazards (see 4.2 and 4.6)

5.2.1 General

The electrical equipment shall be installed in accordance with EN 60204-1 : 1997 and the requirements given in 5.2.2, 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 below.

The testing and verification methods shall be selected in accordance with Clause 19 of EN 60204- 1 1997.

Electrical equipment supplied at voltages of between 1 O00 V and 36 kV shall be installed in accordance with prEN 60204- 1 1 : 1998.



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5.2.2 Protection against direct contact with live parts

The following measures shall be applied for each circuit or part of the electrical equipment:

5.2.2.1 Protection by enclosures

The following minimum degrees of enclosure protection shall be provided:

- for live parts located inside enclosures, IP2X or IPXXB in accordance with EN 60529: 199 1 ;

- for top surfaces of enclosures which are readily accessible, IP4X or IPXXD in accordance with EN 60529:1991.

In the case of opening an enclosure (i.e. opening doors, lids, covers, etc) the following minimum degrees of protection shall be applied to live parts within an enclosure:

- for live parts on the inside of doors that are likely to be touched when resetting or adjusting devices intended for such operations while the equipment is still energized, IP2X or IPXXB in accordance with EN 60529: 1991 ;

- for other live parts on the inside of doors which are not intended to be touched during resetting or adjustment, IPlX or IPXXA in accordance with EN 60529: 1991.

The opening of an enclosure shall be possible only by the use of a key or tool for access by skilled or instructed persons in accordance with 6.2.2a) of EN 60204-1: 1997 or after disconnection of live parts inside the enclosure in accordance with 6.2.2b) of EN 60204- 1 : 1997. If opening is required without the use of a key or a tool and without disconnection of live parts, all live parts shall be protected to at least IPZX or IPXXB (see EN 60529: 199 1) in accordance with 6.2.2~) of EN 60204- 1 : 1997.

5.2.2.2 Protection by insulation of live parts

Live parts protected by insulation shall be completely covered with insulation that can only be removed by destruction and which is capable of withstanding the mechanical, chemical and thermal stresses that can occur in normal service conditions.

NOTE: See 6.2.3 of EN 60204-1:1997.

5.2.2.3 Protection against residual voltages

Live parts having a residual voltage in excess of 60 V after disconnection of the supply shall be discharged to 60 V or less within a time period of 5 s after disconnection of the supply voltage provided that this rate of discharge does not interfere with the proper functioning of the equipment. In the case of plugs or similar devices, where withdrawal results in the exposure of conductors (e.g. pins), the discharge time shall not exceed 1 s or otherwise such conductors shall be protected against direct contact to at least IP2X or IPXXB in accordance with EN 60529: 199 1.

See also 6.2.4 of EN 60204-1:1997.



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EN 12013:2000

5.2.3 Protection against indirect contact

In the event of an insulation failure in any circuit which could lead to a hazardous touch voltage, the supply shall be automatically disconnected in accordance with 6.3.3 of EN 60204-1 : 1997. Where this is not practicable protection shall be provided by use of either class II equipment (or equivalent insulation) in accordance with 6.3.2.2 of EN 60204- 1 : 1997 or by electrical separation in accordance with 6.3.2.3 of EN 60204-1:1997.

5.2.4 Electric shock, or fire due to electrostatic discharge

The measures described in CENELEC Report R-044-001 shall be applied as appropriate, to prevent hazards arising from electric shock and ignition of potentially explosive atmospheres. See 7.1. lc).

5.2.5 Hazards arising from faults in electrical equipment

5.2.5.1 Protection of equipment against ingress of solids and liquids

Electrical equipment located on or in the vicinity of the machine shall have enclosures affording protection according to 12.3 of EN 60204-1:1997. Enclosures meeting at least IP 65 according to EN 60529: 199 1 are required. In addition sealing gaskets which are capable of withstanding process oils shall be selected.

5.2.5.2 Electrical equipment in potentially explosive atmospheres

Equipment located in areas where there can be a potentially explosive atmosphere shall be selected according to relevant standards for such use. The equipment shall be installed in accordance with EN 60079-14. The requirements given in EN 1127-1 shall be applied to non-electrical equipment.

NOTE: For classification of hazardous areas (zones), see also EN 60079-10:1996 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 1 O: Classification of hazardous areas.

5.3 Thermal hazards

Hazards due to hot process oils are prevented by the precautions specified in 5.1.1.2c), 5.1.2c), 5.1.3d), 5.1.4.ld) and 5.1.4.2 1st indent.

For hot compounds see 7.1.2e).

External surfaces of the machine in the work area which have a surface temperature exceeding the limit values specified in EN 563 shall be protected either by covering or insulation in order to avoid involuntary contact.



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5.4 Hazards generated by noise

Internal mixers shall be designed in accordance with 1 S.8 of EN 292-2: 199 1/A 1 : 1995, taking into account the available information and recognized technical measures to reduce noise at the design stage (see for example EN IS0 11688-1 and prEN I S 0 11688-2:1999).

For internal mixers, special attention shall be paid to the noise reduction for the pneumatic, hydraulic and transmission systems. This shall be achieved by selecting low noise emission components and/or by total or partial insulation according to current recognized techniques. In addition, for pneumatic systems vent silencers according to current recognized techniques shall be used.

See also 7.1.4.

5.5 Hazards resulting from substances hazardous to health

At the design stage, preference shall be given to technical solutions which allow additives to be introduced into the mixing chamber without opening the hopper front door.

Internal mixers shall be designed and constructed so that exhaust ventilation can be fitted or positioned without modification to the machine, especially at the feed and discharge openings and at the rotor dust seals [see 7.1.1 d) and 7.1.201. This standard does not cover the requirements for the design of the exhaust ventilation. (See Clause 1).

For hazards resulting from skin contact with process oils see 7.1.2g).

5.6 Fire hazards

Internal mixers shall be equipped with a system to monitor the temperature of the mix, eg. there shall be at least one measuring device at each dust seal. The limit value shall be set by the user [see 7.1.2h)l. If the limit value is reached by one of the measuring devices an alarm signal shall be given automatically, in accordance with EN 6 13 10- 1. This should be followed by emergency procedures according to the process used. See also 7.1.2h).

In the event of a power failure certain exothermically reacting compounds may lead to a fire hazard if the mix cannot be released from the mixing chamber. To prevent this additional technical measures may be necessary; these measures should be agreed between the manufacturer and the user of the internal mixer. For examples of possible measures see Annex A. See also 7.1.29.

For measures against electrostatic discharge see 5.2.4.

5.7 Slip, trip and fall hazards

5.7.1 Slippage due to leakage from dust seals

The machine shall be so designed that leakage from dust seals shall be collected and contained.



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5.7.2 Slipping, dripping and falling from permanent means of access

Permanent means of access provided by the manufacturer shall be in accordance with prEN IS0 14122 : 1999.

5.8 Hazards during major cleaning (see 3.3), maintenance and repair

5.8.1 To prevent unexpected start up the internal mixer shall be equipped with lockable devices for isolation from all power supplies and with means for dissipation of stored energy, both in accordance with EN 1037. For electrical equipment see also 5.5 and 5.6 of EN 60204-1:1997. On machines (usually small) where the mixing chamber can be completely opened (eg. by a tilting mechanism), it is sufficient to interlock the opening movement of the mixing chamber with the drives of the rotors and the floating weight (category 3 of EN 954- 1 : 1996).

5.8.2 A pin or other type of mechanical restraint shall be provided for securing the floating weight from movement.

5.8.3 A two-hand control device in accordance with Type IIIA of EN 574: 1996 or a hold-to-run control device may be provided to allow movement of the rotors, floating weight or discharge door if this is necessary for major cleaning. Power for these controls shall be obtainable only via a dedicated lockable mode selector switch.

5.8.4 A warning notice shall be affixed to the machine near the hopper front door, prohibiting access to the mixing chamber via the hopper front door until the procedure specified in the instruction handbook has been followed.

5.8.5 If a fixed guard is provided at the hopper rear opening it shall be legibly and permanently marked with a warning notice to the effect that:

- the guard shall only be removed by authorized persons;

- the guard shall not be removed until the procedures specified in the instruction handbook have been carried out.

5.8.6 For internal mixers where whole body access to the mixing chamber is possible, i.e. any opening size greater than 400 mm x 300 mm, safe means of access and removable equipment to ensure a safe foothold inside the mixing chamber shall be provided.

5.8.7 See also 7.1.3.

5.9 Emergency stop equipment

The emergency stop equipment shall be in accordance with category O of EN 4 18: 1992. The emergency stop shall interrupt all energy supply to the internal mixer and shall bring the upstream and downstream equipment to rest if its continued operation can be hazardous. However the exhaust systems shall not be stopped. Where certain exothermically reacting compounds are processed stop category 1 of EN 41 8: 1992 may be necessary unless other technical measures have been agreed as mentioned in 5.6.



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An emergency stop device shall be positioned at each control or work station and in the vicinity of the hopper rear opening.

The control circuit of the internal mixer shall be designed in such a way that it is capable of receiving input signals from emergency stop devices actuated at downstream or upstream equipment.

NOTE: The way these signals are processed should be agreed between the manufacturer and the user.

6 VERIFICATION OF THE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND/OR MEASURES

Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures shall be undertaken as shown in Table 1.



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TABLE 1 - Verification methods

Clause

5.1.1.2

5.1.4 I

I 5.1.8

Verification method

Visual I Functional

I x X

I

X

X

I

X I X X

X I X

Measure- ment

X

X

X

X

X X X

X

X X

X

Calculation

X

References

EN 294 EN 574

EN 294 EN 574 EN 811

EN 999

EN 954- 1

EN 954-1

EN 294

EN 1088 EN 294 EN 953 EN 294

EN 954- 1

EN 294 EN 294 EN 292-2 5N 953 3N 982 3N 983 IN 60204-1 )rEN 60204-1 1 : 1998 3N 60529 3 N 1 4 60079- ZN 1127-1 :ENELEC Report R 144-001 !N 563 3N IS0 4871 !N IS0 11202

rEN IS0 !N I S 0 11688-1

1 IN 954-1 EN 1037

Functional testing includes the verification of the function and efficiency of the guards and safety devices on the basis of:-

- descriptions given in the information for use;

- safety related design documents;

- the requirements given in Clause 5 of this standard and the other quoted standards.



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Functional testing of guards and safety devices on which the safety related parts of the control system are in accordance with category 3 of EN 954-1: 1996 shall also include the simulation of failures which are likely to occur.

The emission sound pressure level at the workstation shall be measured according to EN IS0 11202. The workstation is defined as follows: a height of 1,6 m above the operator's platform at a distance of 1 m from the top edge of the hopper fiont door in its fully open position. The measurement time shall include at least three consecutive work cycles. During that measurement, care shall be taken to reduce the background noise as much as possible.

The measured value and the uncertainty of the measurement shall be declared (dual-number declaration according to EN I S 0 4871). See also 7.1.4.

Verification, if any, of the declared noise emission values shall be conducted under the same installation and operating conditions (including the composition of the mix and the mixing parameters) as those used for the initial determination of these values.

7 INFORMATION FOR USE

7.1 Instruction handbook

The instruction handbook provided in accordance with 1.7.4 of EN 292-2: 1991/A1: 1995 shall comply with 5.5 of EN 292-21991 and in addition shall include the following instructions and information relating to safety:

7.1.1 Installation

a) Information about distances and dimensions as indicated in 5.1.1. la, 3rd indent; 5.1.1.2a, 1'' indent 2); 5.1.1.2b(ii).

b) Information about the positioning of the working platforms.

c) Instructions about additional earthing arrangements because of the electrostatic hazard

d) Information about the fitting or positioning of the exhaust ventilation system [see 7.1.201

7.1.2 Operation

a) A warning that feeding strip materials can give rise to an entanglement hazard.

b) Instructions about the use of fixed guards to cover the additional openings in the feed hopper if the feed ducts are not in position.

c) Information about the frequency of access for which the hopper rear guard is designed.

d) Instructions that in the event of loss or damage to a key of a trapped key interlocking device, the complete key lock unit shall be replaced.



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e) Information about the hazard of burns or scalds from the compounds if they are likely to reach high temperatures, and about personal protective equipment to be used.

f ) Information about possible emissions of hazardous substances when processing certain materials. In this case a reminder that it is the user's responsibility to fit or position an exhaust ventilation system [see 7.1.1 d)] and arrange for dusty materials to be delivered in sealed bags which can be added to the mix without opening the bags.

g) Information concerning the risks of contact with process oils together with information on appropriate protective clothing to be worn.

h) Instruction that the limits for the temperature monitoring device shall be set by a competent person and that it is the user's responsibility to draw up an emergency procedure to be followed in the event of an alarm signal. (See 5.6)

i) Information as to whether the internal mixer is suitable for processing certain exothermically reacting compounds (see 4.6). If it is suitable for that purpose, a reminder that it is the user's responsibility to:

- implement the additional technical measures other than machinery design measures (if any) which have been agreed according to 5.6

- draw up corresponding emergency procedures.

7.1.3 Cleaning and maintenance

- Instructions for the procedures to be followed prior to safe entry into the mixing chamber.

- A reminder that thermally insulated clothing may be required for entry into a hot mixing chamber unless the user implements a system for cooling the chamber prior to entry.

- A reminder that it is the user's responsibility to provide personal protective equipment against hazardous substances andíor to ventilate the mixing chamber to allow safe entry.

- A reminder that it may be necessary to prevent unexpected start up of the upstream and downstream equipment during major cleaning, repair and maintenance.

7.1.4 Noise

- Information on methods of installation to minimize noise emission.

- Information that wearing of hearing protection may be necessary when noise levels emitted by the internal mixer can cause hearing damage.

- Declaration of the noise emission of the machine during mixing according to 1.7.40 of EN 292-2: 1991/A1: 1995. The installation and operating conditions prevailing during the noise measurements shall be indicated, including the composition of the mix and the mixing parameters.



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7.2 Marking

The internal mixer shall be marked at least with:

- name and address of the manufacturer and supplier;

- mandatory marks and year of manufacture;

- designation of series or type;

- serial or machine number;

- the maximum pressure at each connection point for external hydraulic andor pneumatic power supplies.



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1624669 Oöbb245 IT6

ANNEX A (Informative)

Examples of possible technical measures to prevent fire hazards in the case where certain exothermically reacting compounds cannot be released from the mixing

chamber in the event of a power failure.

a) Provision of external power supplies (e.g. accumulators, standby power generators) to allow:

- the continuing operation of the temperature monitoring devices;

- the emission of the alarm signal (required by 5.6) if the pre-set temperature limit of the mix is exceeded, followed by manual or automatic initiation of suitable emergency procedures. Such procedures may include:

1) immediate release of the compound from the mixing chamber together with the provision of cooling facilities and/or fire extinguishing equipment at the discharge zone;

2) closing the mixing chamber followed by the injection of cooling fluids and/or ignition inhibitors (inert gas).

b) Provision of facilities for manual operation, particularly for smaller machines.



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EN 12013:2000

ANNEX ZA (Informative)

Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of following EU Directives:

Machinery Directive 98/37¡EEC;

Low Voltage Directive 73/23/CEE.

Compliance with this standard provides one means of conforming with the specific essential requirements of the Directives concerned and associated EFTA regulations.

WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products falling within the scope of this standard.

O BSI 08-2000

~



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BS EN 12013:2000

BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London w4 4AL

~ ~

STD*BSI BS EN L20L3-ENGL 2000 Lb24bb9 0866247 T79

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